See -gan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -gan meaning in Proto-Turkic (7.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "-ان",
"tr": "-an/en"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: -ان (-an/en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: -ان (-an/en)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-ан",
"3": "-ен"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -ан (-an), -ен (-en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -ан (-an), -ен (-en)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-ən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -an, -ən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -an, -ən"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـان",
"3": "ـن",
"tr1": "-an",
"tr2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـان (-an), ـن (-en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـان (-an), ـن (-en)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -an, -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -an, -en"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -an, -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -an, -en"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-ýan",
"3": "-ýän"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -ýan, -ýän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -ýan, -ýän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-ğan",
"3": "-gen"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -ğan, -gen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -ğan, -gen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "-ğan/gen"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "-ğan/gen"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-gan"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -gan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -gan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ـگان",
"3": "ـگەن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ـگان (-gan), ـگەن (-gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ـگان (-gan), ـگەن (-gen)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-ҡан",
"3": "-кән",
"4": "-ған",
"5": "-гән"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -ҡан (-qan), -кән (-kən), -ған (-ğan), -гән (-gən)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -ҡан (-qan), -кән (-kən), -ған (-ğan), -гән (-gən)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ған",
"3": "-ген"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ған (-ğan), -ген (-gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ған (-ğan), -ген (-gen)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "-ган",
"3": "-ген",
"4": "-гон",
"5": "-гөн"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гөн (-gön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гөн (-gön)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-ган",
"3": "-ген",
"4": "-гон",
"5": "-гӧн"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гӧн (-gön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гӧн (-gön)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "-gan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰣 (-gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰣 (-gan)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan, Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-gan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gan",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "59 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "seb- (“to love”) + *-gan → *sebgen (“(someone/something) who loves”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tabïĺ- (“to run”) + *-gan → *tabïĺgan (“(someone/something) who jumps; hare”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns and imperfective participle of verbs."
],
"id": "en--gan-trk-pro-suffix-lznAEiZO",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-gan"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan, *-xan and *-gene, Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-gan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gan",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "baĺč (“head”) + *-gan → *baĺčgan (“a large fish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "čim (“grass”) + *-gan → *čimgen (“meadow”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms denominal nouns, usually used for animals and plants."
],
"id": "en--gan-trk-pro-suffix-BJ-sXL7c",
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-gan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Turkic terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes",
"Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
"Requests for native script for Karakhanid terms"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghur:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xbo",
"2": "-ان",
"tr": "-an/en"
},
"expansion": "Bulgar: -ان (-an/en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Volga Bulgar: -ان (-an/en)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cv",
"2": "-ан",
"3": "-ен"
},
"expansion": "Chuvash: -ан (-an), -ен (-en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chuvash: -ан (-an), -ен (-en)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Common Turkic:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Oghuz:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-oat",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Anatolian Turkish:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Anatolian Turkish:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-ən"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani: -an, -ən",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Azerbaijani: -an, -ən"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "ـان",
"3": "ـن",
"tr1": "-an",
"tr2": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Ottoman Turkish: ـان (-an), ـن (-en)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ottoman Turkish: ـان (-an), ـن (-en)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: -an, -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: -an, -en"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gag",
"2": "-an",
"3": "-en"
},
"expansion": "Gagauz: -an, -en",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gagauz: -an, -en"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tk",
"2": "-ýan",
"3": "-ýän"
},
"expansion": "Turkmen: -ýan, -ýän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkmen: -ýan, -ýän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "slr",
"2": "-ğan",
"3": "-gen"
},
"expansion": "Salar: -ğan, -gen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Salar: -ğan, -gen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Karluk:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xqa",
"2": "",
"tr": "-ğan/gen"
},
"expansion": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakhanid: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "",
"tr": "-ğan/gen"
},
"expansion": "Chagatai: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Chagatai: [script needed] (-ğan/gen)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "-gan"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: -gan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: -gan"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "ـگان",
"3": "ـگەن"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: ـگان (-gan), ـگەن (-gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: ـگان (-gan), ـگەن (-gen)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "-ҡан",
"3": "-кән",
"4": "-ған",
"5": "-гән"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir: -ҡан (-qan), -кән (-kən), -ған (-ğan), -гән (-gən)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bashkir: -ҡан (-qan), -кән (-kən), -ған (-ğan), -гән (-gən)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tt",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "crh",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Crimean Tatar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Tatar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kum",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Kumyk:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kumyk:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krc",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karachay-Balkar:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karachay-Balkar:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kdr",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karaim:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karaim:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Caspian:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaa",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Karakalpak:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karakalpak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "-ған",
"3": "-ген"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh: -ған (-ğan), -ген (-gen)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kazakh: -ған (-ğan), -ген (-gen)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Nogai:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Nogai:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Kyrgyz-Kipchak:"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ky",
"2": "-ган",
"3": "-ген",
"4": "-гон",
"5": "-гөн"
},
"expansion": "Kyrgyz: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гөн (-gön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kyrgyz: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гөн (-gön)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "alt",
"2": "-ган",
"3": "-ген",
"4": "-гон",
"5": "-гӧн"
},
"expansion": "Southern Altai: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гӧн (-gön)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Southern Altai: -ган (-gan), -ген (-gen), -гон (-gon), -гӧн (-gön)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Siberian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "otk",
"2": "𐰍𐰣",
"3": "",
"tr": "-gan"
},
"expansion": "Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰣 (-gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Turkic: 𐰍𐰣 (-gan)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan, Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-gan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gan",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "seb- (“to love”) + *-gan → *sebgen (“(someone/something) who loves”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "tabïĺ- (“to run”) + *-gan → *tabïĺgan (“(someone/something) who jumps; hare”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms deverbal nouns and imperfective participle of verbs."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-gan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Turkic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Turkic inflectional suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic lemmas",
"Proto-Turkic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Turkic suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xgn-pro",
"2": "*-gan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Mongolic *-gan",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tuw-pro",
"2": "*-kan"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tungusic *-kan",
"name": "noncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Comparable to Proto-Mongolic *-gan, *-xan and *-gene, Proto-Tungusic *-kan.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "inflectional suffixes",
"cat3": "noun-forming suffixes"
},
"expansion": "*-gan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Turkic",
"lang_code": "trk-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/-gan",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "baĺč (“head”) + *-gan → *baĺčgan (“a large fish”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "čim (“grass”) + *-gan → *čimgen (“meadow”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms denominal nouns, usually used for animals and plants."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-gan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Turkic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-24 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (46b31b8 and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.