See tǫga in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for tǫga meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "туга"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: туга (tuga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: туга (tuga)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ту́га (túha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ту́га (túha)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "туга́",
"3": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Russian: туга́ (tugá), ту́га (túga)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: туга́ (tugá), ту́га (túga) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ту́га (túha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ту́га (túha)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тѫга",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тѫга (tǫga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тѫга (tǫga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱘⰳⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰳⰰ (tǫga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰳⰰ (tǫga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "тъга́",
"3": "тъ́нга"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: тъга́ (tǎgá), тъ́нга (tǎ́nga)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: тъга́ (tǎgá), тъ́нга (tǎ́nga) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "тага"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: тага (taga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: тага (taga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ту́га",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ту́га",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ту́га"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "túga",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: túga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: túga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: toga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: toga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "túha"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: túha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: túha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "touha"
},
"expansion": "Czech: touha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: touha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "tęga"
},
"expansion": "Polish: tęga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: tęga (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "túha"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: túha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: túha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "tuha"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: tuha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: tuha"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tangā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgati",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "*tęgati (“to pull”) + *-a",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tangā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *tangā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tangë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian tangë",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangā. Equivalent to the o-grade of *tęgati (“to pull”) + *-a. Cognate to Proto-Albanian *tangā (whence Albanian tangë).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tǭgà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭdzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃gǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭdzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫgo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tǭgà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tǫga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sadness, melancholy"
],
"id": "en-tǫga-sla-pro-noun-Vhda92Qw",
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "to pull, extract",
"word": "tęgati"
},
{
"english": "to pull",
"word": "tęgnǫti"
},
{
"english": "traction, weight",
"word": "tęgъ"
},
{
"english": "traction, weight",
"word": "tęga"
},
{
"english": "heavy",
"word": "tęžьkъ"
},
{
"english": "to pull",
"word": "tęťi"
},
{
"word": "tęželъ"
},
{
"english": "tight, solid, tough",
"word": "tǫgъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tǫga"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "orv",
"2": "туга"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic: туга (tuga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old East Slavic: туга (tuga)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: ту́га (túha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: ту́га (túha)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "туга́",
"3": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Russian: туга́ (tugá), ту́га (túga)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Russian: туга́ (tugá), ту́га (túga) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ту́га"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ту́га (túha)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ту́га (túha)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Church Slavonic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "тѫга",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old Cyrillic script: тѫга (tǫga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Cyrillic script: тѫга (tǫga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cu",
"2": "ⱅⱘⰳⰰ",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰳⰰ (tǫga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Glagolitic script: ⱅⱘⰳⰰ (tǫga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "тъга́",
"3": "тъ́нга"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: тъга́ (tǎgá), тъ́нга (tǎ́nga)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: тъга́ (tǎgá), тъ́нга (tǎ́nga) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "тага"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: тага (taga)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: тага (taga)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "ту́га",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: ту́га",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: ту́га"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "túga",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: túga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: túga"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "toga"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: toga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: toga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "túha"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: túha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: túha"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "touha"
},
"expansion": "Czech: touha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: touha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "tęga"
},
"expansion": "Polish: tęga",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "(obsolete)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Polish: tęga (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "túha"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: túha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: túha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "tuha"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: tuha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: tuha"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*tangā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*tęgati",
"3": "*-a",
"t1": "to pull"
},
"expansion": "*tęgati (“to pull”) + *-a",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sqj-pro",
"2": "*tangā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Albanian *tangā",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sq",
"2": "tangë"
},
"expansion": "Albanian tangë",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *tangā. Equivalent to the o-grade of *tęgati (“to pull”) + *-a. Cognate to Proto-Albanian *tangā (whence Albanian tangë).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tǭgà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgà",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃gъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭdzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàmъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgǫ̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgòjǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃gǫ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàmī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭdzě̀",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgù",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàsъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgàxъ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫgo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǫ̃dzě",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "tǭgỳ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tǭgà",
"ap": "b",
"g": "f",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tǫga",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "to pull, extract",
"word": "tęgati"
},
{
"english": "to pull",
"word": "tęgnǫti"
},
{
"english": "traction, weight",
"word": "tęgъ"
},
{
"english": "traction, weight",
"word": "tęga"
},
{
"english": "heavy",
"word": "tęžьkъ"
},
{
"english": "to pull",
"word": "tęťi"
},
{
"word": "tęželъ"
},
{
"english": "tight, solid, tough",
"word": "tǫgъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-a",
"sla-pro:Emotions"
],
"glosses": [
"sadness, melancholy"
],
"links": [
[
"sadness",
"sadness"
],
[
"melancholy",
"melancholy"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "tǫga"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.