See smola in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for smola meaning in Proto-Slavic (8.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "смала́",
"3": "смоль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: смала́ (smalá), смоль (smolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: смала́ (smalá), смоль (smolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "смола́",
"3": "смоль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: смола́ (smolá), смоль (smolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: смола́ (smolá), смоль (smolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "смола́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: смола́ (smolá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: смола́ (smolá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱄⰿⱁⰾⰰ (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "смола́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: смола́ (smolá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: смола́ (smolá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "смола"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: смола (smola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "смо̀ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: смо̀ла",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: смо̀ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "smòla",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: smòla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: smòla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "smóla",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: smóla",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smóla"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: smóla (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: smóla (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "smola",
"3": "smóla"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: smola, smóla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: smola, smóla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "smola",
"3": "smůla"
},
"expansion": "Czech: smola, smůla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: smola, smůla"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): smou̯a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "smòła"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: smòła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: smòła"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "smölă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: smölă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: smölă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Polish: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "smola"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: smola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: smola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "smóła"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: smóła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: smóła"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Other:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smalà"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: smalà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: smalà"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "smala"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: smala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: smala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "smoală"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: smoală",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: smoală"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*smelāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *smelāˀ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*smel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *smel-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "smeļi",
"3": "",
"4": "resinous logs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian smeļi (“resinous logs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smė̃lа"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smė̃lа",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "smelen"
},
"expansion": "Low German smelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "smolder"
},
"expansion": "Middle English smolder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*smallijan",
"t": "to glow, burn, smoulder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *smallijan (“to glow, burn, smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "*smāl-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish *smāl-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *smelāˀ, *smаlāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *smel- (: *smol-).\nBaltic cognates include Latvian smeļi (“resinous logs”), Lithuanian smė̃lа, smelà (“resin”), smil̃kti (“to smoke slightly”), smilkýti (“to fume”).\nIndo-European cognates include Low German smelen, Middle English smolder, Proto-West Germanic *smallijan (“to glow, burn, smoulder”), Middle Irish *smāl- : *smōl-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "smolà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "smolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smola",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "smaliti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black pitch"
],
"id": "en-smola-sla-pro-noun-yyzSJGFx",
"links": [
[
"pitch",
"pitch"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 95",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"resin"
],
"id": "en-smola-sla-pro-noun--7yE-~kO",
"links": [
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "smola"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm b",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"sla-pro:Gums and resins"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "be",
"2": "смала́",
"3": "смоль"
},
"expansion": "Belarusian: смала́ (smalá), смоль (smolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Belarusian: смала́ (smalá), смоль (smolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "смола́",
"3": "смоль"
},
"expansion": "Russian: смола́ (smolá), смоль (smolʹ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Russian: смола́ (smolá), смоль (smolʹ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "смола́"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: смола́ (smolá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: смола́ (smolá)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Cyrillic: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Glagolitic: ⱄⰿⱁⰾⰰ (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "смола́"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian: смола́ (smolá)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bulgarian: смола́ (smolá)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "смола"
},
"expansion": "Macedonian: смола (smola)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Macedonian: смола (smola)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "смо̀ла",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Cyrillic script: смо̀ла",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Cyrillic script: смо̀ла"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "smòla",
"sclb": "1"
},
"expansion": "Latin script: smòla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latin script: smòla"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sl",
"2": "smóla",
"alt": "",
"bor": "",
"der": "",
"g": "",
"pos": "",
"t": ""
},
"expansion": "Slovene: smóla",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tonal orthography"
},
"expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
"name": "i"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smóla"
},
"expansion": "Slovene: smóla (tonal orthography)",
"name": "desc/sl-tonal"
}
],
"text": "Slovene: smóla (tonal orthography)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "West Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-ocs",
"2": "smola",
"3": "smóla"
},
"expansion": "Old Czech: smola, smóla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Czech: smola, smóla"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cs",
"2": "smola",
"3": "smůla"
},
"expansion": "Czech: smola, smůla",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Czech: smola, smůla"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Mistřice"
},
"expansion": "(Mistřice)",
"name": "a"
}
],
"text": "Moravian (Mistřice): smou̯a"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "csb",
"2": "smòła"
},
"expansion": "Kashubian: smòła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kashubian: smòła"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pox",
"2": "smölă"
},
"expansion": "Polabian: smölă",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polabian: smölă"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Old Polish: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Polish: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Polish: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sk",
"2": "smola"
},
"expansion": "Slovak: smola",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Slovak: smola"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sorbian:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hsb",
"2": "smoła"
},
"expansion": "Upper Sorbian: smoła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Upper Sorbian: smoła"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dsb",
"2": "smóła"
},
"expansion": "Lower Sorbian: smóła",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lower Sorbian: smóła"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Other:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smalà"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian: smalà",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lithuanian: smalà"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "smala"
},
"expansion": "Latvian: smala",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Latvian: smala"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "smoală"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: smoală",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: smoală"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "*smelāˀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *smelāˀ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*smel-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *smel-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "smeļi",
"3": "",
"4": "resinous logs"
},
"expansion": "Latvian smeļi (“resinous logs”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "smė̃lа"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian smė̃lа",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nds",
"2": "smelen"
},
"expansion": "Low German smelen",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "smolder"
},
"expansion": "Middle English smolder",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*smallijan",
"t": "to glow, burn, smoulder"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *smallijan (“to glow, burn, smoulder”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "*smāl-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Irish *smāl-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Balto-Slavic *smelāˀ, *smаlāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *smel- (: *smol-).\nBaltic cognates include Latvian smeļi (“resinous logs”), Lithuanian smė̃lа, smelà (“resin”), smil̃kti (“to smoke slightly”), smilkýti (“to fume”).\nIndo-European cognates include Low German smelen, Middle English smolder, Proto-West Germanic *smallijan (“to glow, burn, smoulder”), Middle Irish *smāl- : *smōl-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "smolà",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "b",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accent-paradigm"
]
},
{
"form": "smolà",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàmъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolǫ̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolòjǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàma",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàmī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolě̀",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "smolù",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàsъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolàxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "smolo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "smòlě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "smolỳ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"ap": "b"
},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smola",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "smaliti"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black pitch"
],
"links": [
[
"pitch",
"pitch"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"resin"
],
"links": [
[
"resin",
"resin"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "smola"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.