See bala in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for bala meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "balъka"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "bališče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "balka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "feather grass"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dial. Croatian"
},
"expansion": "(dial. Croatian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”) (dial. Croatian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́лище",
"t": "depression, drainage"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*pōlaz",
"3": "",
"4": "pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जम्बाल",
"3": "",
"4": "clay",
"tr": "jambāla"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balkas",
"3": "",
"4": "tussock in a swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "balà",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian balà (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "",
"4": "loamy meadow, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "bala"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian bala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, mud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*obaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to submerge, to collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́ла",
"3": "",
"4": "enchanting"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*balagovati",
"3": "",
"4": "to mumble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "бала́кам",
"3": "",
"4": "to play in water"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Most likely a cognate of Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”), possibly Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”); perhaps from a substrate language. May be related to Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”), whence the name of lake Balkaš.\n* In the past, has been compared to Lithuanian balà (“swamp”), balùtė (“puddle”), Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”), Sudovian bala (attested in toponyms) typically linked to Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”), from formally unrelated Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”). Dismissed as potential cognates by Smoczyński.\n* Marusenko (in regard to the Russian/Ukrainian descendants) proposes native back-formation from Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”) < *ob-valiti.\nCompare also superficial homophone Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”) (< *badla), related to Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”), *balakati (“to babble, to make noise”) (whence dial. Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "balъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "balamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "balami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "balasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "large pond",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Czech: balviště"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"english": "feather grass",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: balovína"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "74 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"marsh, moor, pool"
],
"id": "en-bala-sla-pro-noun-IvX~O0YL",
"links": [
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) marsh, moor, pool"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*molka"
},
{
"word": "*kaluga"
},
{
"word": "*luža"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ravine"
],
"id": "en-bala-sla-pro-noun-gS2z12q-",
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"qualifier": "by association",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by association) ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bala"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
"sla-pro:Landforms",
"sla-pro:Liquids"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"diminutive"
],
"word": "balъka"
},
{
"tags": [
"augmentative"
],
"word": "bališče"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kjv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "balka",
"der": "1",
"t2": "feather grass"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dial. Croatian"
},
"expansion": "(dial. Croatian)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Kajkavian Serbo-Croatian: bala, balka (“feather grass”) (dial. Croatian)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Slavic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́лище",
"t": "depression, drainage"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ukrainian: ба́лище (bályšče, “depression, drainage”) (dialectal)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*pōlaz",
"3": "",
"4": "pool"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "जम्बाल",
"3": "",
"4": "clay",
"tr": "jambāla"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "trk-pro",
"2": "*balkas",
"3": "",
"4": "tussock in a swamp"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "balà",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian balà (“swamp”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "bala",
"3": "",
"4": "loamy meadow, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "xsv",
"2": "bala"
},
"expansion": "Sudovian bala",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bolto",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, mud"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*bʰelH-",
"3": "",
"4": "to shine"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*obaliti",
"3": "",
"4": "to submerge, to collapse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ба́ла",
"3": "",
"4": "enchanting"
},
"expansion": "Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*balagovati",
"3": "",
"4": "to mumble"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "бала́кам",
"3": "",
"4": "to play in water"
},
"expansion": "Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain:\n* Most likely a cognate of Proto-Germanic *pōlaz (“pool”), possibly Sanskrit जम्बाल (jambāla, “clay”); perhaps from a substrate language. May be related to Proto-Turkic *balkas (“tussock in a swamp”), whence the name of lake Balkaš.\n* In the past, has been compared to Lithuanian balà (“swamp”), balùtė (“puddle”), Latvian bala (“loamy meadow, marsh”), Sudovian bala (attested in toponyms) typically linked to Proto-Slavic *bolto (“swamp, mud”), from formally unrelated Proto-Indo-European *bʰelH- (“to shine”). Dismissed as potential cognates by Smoczyński.\n* Marusenko (in regard to the Russian/Ukrainian descendants) proposes native back-formation from Proto-Slavic *obaliti (“to submerge, to collapse”) < *ob-valiti.\nCompare also superficial homophone Ukrainian ба́ла (bála, “enchanting”) (< *badla), related to Proto-Slavic *balagovati (“to mumble”), *balakati (“to babble, to make noise”) (whence dial. Bulgarian бала́кам (balákam, “to play in water”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bala",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "balъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "balamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "balami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "balu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "balasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "balo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "balě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "baly",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/bala",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "large pond",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Czech: balviště"
},
{
"english": "feather grass",
"sense": "*baly (probably)",
"word": "⇒ Slovene: balovína"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Slavic dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"marsh, moor, pool"
],
"links": [
[
"marsh",
"marsh"
],
[
"moor",
"moor"
],
[
"pool",
"pool"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) marsh, moor, pool"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*molka"
},
{
"word": "*kaluga"
},
{
"word": "*luža"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ravine"
],
"links": [
[
"ravine",
"ravine"
]
],
"qualifier": "by association",
"raw_glosses": [
"(by association) ravine"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "bala"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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