"-ьcь" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See -ьcь in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Suffix

Etymology: From earlier *-ьkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos. Cognate with Lithuanian -ikas, -ikis in siuvikas, siuvikis (< siūti, siùvo), piovikas (“reaper”) (< piáuti, pióvė). Cognate with Lithuanian -ingas, Latvian -īgs, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós). Typically, these suffixes fulfill adjectival function (similar to Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ), however, sometimes their derivatives could also act as nominals like in Slavic. Comparison with other languages points to the antiquity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives. Etymology templates: {{cog|ine-bsl-pro|*-ikas}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*-ikos}} Proto-Indo-European *-ikos, {{cog|lt|-ikas}} Lithuanian -ikas, {{cog|lt|-ingas}} Lithuanian -ingas, {{cog|lv|-īgs}} Latvian -īgs, {{cog|gem-pro|*-gaz|*-igaz}} Proto-Germanic *-igaz, {{cog|la|-icus}} Latin -icus, {{cog|grc|-ικός}} Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós), {{noncog|sla-pro|*-ьnъ}} Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], -ьcь [nominative, singular], -ьca [dual, nominative], -ьci [nominative, plural], -ьca [genitive, singular], -ьcu [dual, genitive], -ьcь [genitive, plural], -ьcu [dative, singular], -ьcema [dative, dual], -ьcemъ [dative, plural], -ьcь [accusative, singular], -ьca [accusative, dual], -ьcę̇ [accusative, plural], -ьcьmь [instrumental, singular], -ьcemь [instrumental, singular], -ьcema [dual, instrumental], -ьci [instrumental, plural], -ьci [locative, singular], -ьcu [dual, locative], -ьcixъ [locative, plural], -ьče [singular, vocative], -ьca [dual, vocative], -ьci [plural, vocative]
  1. (added to nouns) Forms diminutives Tags: masculine, morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:diminutive
  2. (added to adjectives) nominalizer, person Tags: masculine, morpheme, reconstruction
    Sense id: en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:nominalizer
  3. (added to verbs) Forms agent nouns Tags: masculine, morpheme, reconstruction Synonyms: *-teľь, *-čь, *-ьnikъ
    Sense id: en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:agent_noun Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 21 24 55
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Related terms: -ikъ, -ьca, -ъkъ

Download JSON data for -ьcь meaning in Proto-Slavic (9.0kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "-ьць"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "-ець",
            "3": "-ецъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: -ець (-ecʹ), -ецъ (-ecʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: -ець (-ecʹ), -ецъ (-ecʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: -ец (-jec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: -ец (-jec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "-ець"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: -ець (-ecʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: -ець (-ecʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: -ⱐⱌⱐ (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-ац",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ац",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Kajkavian"
          },
          "expansion": "(Kajkavian)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: -ац, -ец (Kajkavian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-ac",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: -ac",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Kajkavian"
          },
          "expansion": "(Kajkavian)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: -ac, -ec (Kajkavian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "-c"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: -c",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: -c"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "-ăc"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: -ăc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: -ăc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "-iec",
            "3": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: -iec, -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: -iec, -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: -ec"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*-ikas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-ikos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ikas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ikas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ingas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ingas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "-īgs"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian -īgs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-gaz",
        "3": "*-igaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-igaz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-icus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -icus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ικός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьnъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier *-ьkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ikas, -ikis in siuvikas, siuvikis (< siūti, siùvo), piovikas (“reaper”) (< piáuti, pióvė).\nCognate with Lithuanian -ingas, Latvian -īgs, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós). Typically, these suffixes fulfill adjectival function (similar to Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ), however, sometimes their derivatives could also act as nominals like in Slavic.\nComparison with other languages points to the antiquity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcę̇",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcьmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcemь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьcь",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ikъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ьca"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "-ъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "rogъ (“horn”) + *-ьcь → *rožьcь (“a small horn”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "obolkъ (“cloud”) + *-ьcь → *obolčьcь (“a small cloud”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gordъ (“city, town”) + *-ьcь → *gordьcь (“a small town”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms diminutives"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:diminutive",
      "links": [
        [
          "diminutive",
          "diminutive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to nouns) Forms diminutives"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to nouns"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:diminutive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "starъ (“old”) + *-ьcь → *starьcь (“an old man”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mǫdrъ (“wise”) + *-ьcь → *mǫdrьcь (“a wise man”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "bordatъ (“bearded”) + *-ьcь → *bordatьcь (“a bearded man”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nominalizer, person"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:nominalizer",
      "links": [
        [
          "nominalizer",
          "nominalizer"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to adjectives) nominalizer, person"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to adjectives"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:nominalizer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "21 24 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "šiti (“to sew”) + *-ьcь → *šьvьcь (“sewer, seamster”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "plęsati (“to dance”) + *-ьcь → *plęsьcь (“dancer”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "loviti (“to hunt”) + *-ьcь → *lovьcь (“hunter”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gǫsti (“to play a string instrument”) + *-ьcь → *gǫdьcь (“musician”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms agent nouns"
      ],
      "id": "en--ьcь-sla-pro-suffix-sla_pro:agent_noun",
      "links": [
        [
          "agent noun",
          "agent noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to verbs) Forms agent nouns"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to verbs"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:agent noun"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*-teľь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*-čь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*-ьnikъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ьcь"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic masculine suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic soft masculine o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic soft o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic suffixes",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "-ьць"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zle-ort",
            "2": "-ець",
            "3": "-ецъ"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Ruthenian: -ець (-ecʹ), -ецъ (-ecʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Ruthenian: -ець (-ecʹ), -ецъ (-ecʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: -ец (-jec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: -ец (-jec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "-ець"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: -ець (-ecʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: -ець (-ecʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: -ьць (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: -ⱐⱌⱐ (-ĭcĭ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "-ец"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: -ец (-ec)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: -ец (-ec)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-ац",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: -ац",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Kajkavian"
          },
          "expansion": "(Kajkavian)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: -ац, -ец (Kajkavian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-ac",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: -ac",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "Kajkavian"
          },
          "expansion": "(Kajkavian)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: -ac, -ec (Kajkavian)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "csb",
            "2": "-c"
          },
          "expansion": "Kashubian: -c",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kashubian: -c"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "-ăc"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: -ăc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: -ăc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "-iec",
            "3": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: -iec, -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: -iec, -ec"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "-ec"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: -ec",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: -ec"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "2": "*-ikas"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-ikos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-ikos",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ikas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ikas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "-ingas"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian -ingas",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "-īgs"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian -īgs",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*-gaz",
        "3": "*-igaz"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-igaz",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-icus"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin -icus",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "-ικός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ьnъ"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ",
      "name": "noncog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From earlier *-ьkъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas, from Proto-Indo-European *-ikos.\nCognate with Lithuanian -ikas, -ikis in siuvikas, siuvikis (< siūti, siùvo), piovikas (“reaper”) (< piáuti, pióvė).\nCognate with Lithuanian -ingas, Latvian -īgs, Proto-Germanic *-igaz, Latin -icus, Ancient Greek -ικός (-ikós). Typically, these suffixes fulfill adjectival function (similar to Proto-Slavic *-ьnъ), however, sometimes their derivatives could also act as nominals like in Slavic.\nComparison with other languages points to the antiquity of denominal formations, which are most likely substantivized adjectives.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "o-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcemъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcę̇",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcьmь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcemь",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcema",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьcixъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьče",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьca",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-ьci",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьcь",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "-ikъ"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ьca"
    },
    {
      "word": "-ъkъ"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "rogъ (“horn”) + *-ьcь → *rožьcь (“a small horn”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "obolkъ (“cloud”) + *-ьcь → *obolčьcь (“a small cloud”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gordъ (“city, town”) + *-ьcь → *gordьcь (“a small town”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms diminutives"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "diminutive",
          "diminutive#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to nouns) Forms diminutives"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to nouns"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:diminutive"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "starъ (“old”) + *-ьcь → *starьcь (“an old man”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "mǫdrъ (“wise”) + *-ьcь → *mǫdrьcь (“a wise man”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "bordatъ (“bearded”) + *-ьcь → *bordatьcь (“a bearded man”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "nominalizer, person"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "nominalizer",
          "nominalizer"
        ],
        [
          "person",
          "person"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to adjectives) nominalizer, person"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to adjectives"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:nominalizer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "šiti (“to sew”) + *-ьcь → *šьvьcь (“sewer, seamster”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "plęsati (“to dance”) + *-ьcь → *plęsьcь (“dancer”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "loviti (“to hunt”) + *-ьcь → *lovьcь (“hunter”)",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "text": "gǫsti (“to play a string instrument”) + *-ьcь → *gǫdьcь (“musician”)",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Forms agent nouns"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "agent noun",
          "agent noun#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(added to verbs) Forms agent nouns"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "added to verbs"
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "sla-pro:agent noun"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*-teľь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*-čь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*-ьnikъ"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "morpheme",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-ьcь"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.