See túH in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for túH meaning in Proto-Indo-Iranian (6.2kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*túH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *túH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *túH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬏"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬙𐬏 (tū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬙𐬏 (tū)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ды"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: ды (dy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: ды (dy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "thu"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (thu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (thu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: tu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تو",
"tr": "to, tu"
},
"expansion": "Persian: تو (to, tu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: تو (to, tu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "ту"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: ту (tu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: ту (tu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ته",
"tr": "të"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ته (të)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ته (të)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "tǘ"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: tǘ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: tǘ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "tiú"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: tiú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: tiú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "üyú",
"3": "ǘo"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni: üyú, ǘo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni: üyú, ǘo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: tú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: tú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trm",
"2": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Tregami: tú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tregami: tú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "tü"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: tü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: tü"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-pronoun\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "túH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "yúH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmā́ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twáyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáHbʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "túbʰyam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twád",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmád",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "táwa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáyawš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmā́kam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twáHi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáyawš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*túH",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"abl_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"abl_pl": "ušmád",
"abl_sg": "twád",
"acc_du": "yuHáHm",
"acc_pl": "ušmā́ns",
"acc_sg": "twáHm",
"dat_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"dat_pl": "ušmáy",
"dat_sg": "túbʰyam",
"gen_du": "yuHáyawš",
"gen_pl": "ušmā́kam",
"gen_sg": "táwa",
"ins_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"ins_pl": "ušmáHbʰiš",
"ins_sg": "twáyaH",
"loc_du": "yuHáyawš",
"loc_pl": "ušmáy",
"loc_sg": "twáHi",
"nom_du": "yuHáHm",
"nom_pl": "yúH",
"nom_sg": "túH"
},
"name": "iir-decl-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/túH",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-Iranian pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "tvám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tuHám",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "त्वम्"
},
{
"roman": "tūm",
"sense": "Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬇𐬨 (tuuə̄m); Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬙𐬏𐬨"
},
{
"roman": "tuvam",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *tuHám",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎬𐎺𐎶"
}
],
"glosses": [
"you, thou"
],
"id": "en-túH-iir-pro-pron-aDRofT3l",
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "túH"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"roman": "tvám",
"sense": "Proto-Indo-Aryan: *tuHám",
"tags": [
"Sanskrit"
],
"word": "त्वम्"
},
{
"roman": "tūm",
"sense": "Old Avestan: 𐬙𐬎𐬎𐬇𐬨 (tuuə̄m); Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬙𐬏𐬨"
},
{
"roman": "tuvam",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian: *tuHám",
"tags": [
"Old-Persian"
],
"word": "𐎬𐎺𐎶"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ira-pro",
"2": "*túH"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian: *túH",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Iranian: *túH"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ae",
"2": "𐬙𐬏"
},
"expansion": "Avestan: 𐬙𐬏 (tū)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Avestan: 𐬙𐬏 (tū)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "ды"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian: ды (dy)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ossetian: ды (dy)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kho",
"tr": "thu"
},
"expansion": "Khotanese: [script needed] (thu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Khotanese: [script needed] (thu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmr",
"2": "tu"
},
"expansion": "Northern Kurdish: tu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Kurdish: tu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "تو",
"tr": "to, tu"
},
"expansion": "Persian: تو (to, tu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Persian: تو (to, tu)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tg",
"2": "ту"
},
"expansion": "Tajik: ту (tu)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tajik: ту (tu)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ps",
"2": "ته",
"tr": "të"
},
"expansion": "Pashto: ته (të)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Pashto: ته (të)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-nur-pro",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Nuristani:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Northern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Kamkata-viri:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamkata-viri:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvi",
"2": "tǘ"
},
"expansion": "Kamviri: tǘ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kamviri: tǘ"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bsh-kat",
"2": "tiú"
},
"expansion": "Kativiri: tiú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kativiri: tiú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "prn",
"2": "üyú",
"3": "ǘo"
},
"expansion": "Prasuni: üyú, ǘo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Prasuni: üyú, ǘo"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Southern Nuristani:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ask",
"2": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Ashkun: tú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ashkun: tú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "trm",
"2": "tú"
},
"expansion": "Tregami: tú",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Tregami: tú"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "wbk",
"2": "tü"
},
"expansion": "Waigali: tü",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Waigali: tü"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*túh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *túh₂",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *túh₂.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "iir-decl-pronoun\n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "túH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "yúH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "twáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmā́ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twáyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáHbʰiš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "túbʰyam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twád",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmád",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "táwa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáyawš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmā́kam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "twáHi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "yuHáyawš",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ušmáy",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "iir-pro",
"2": "pronoun"
},
"expansion": "*túH",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"abl_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"abl_pl": "ušmád",
"abl_sg": "twád",
"acc_du": "yuHáHm",
"acc_pl": "ušmā́ns",
"acc_sg": "twáHm",
"dat_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"dat_pl": "ušmáy",
"dat_sg": "túbʰyam",
"gen_du": "yuHáyawš",
"gen_pl": "ušmā́kam",
"gen_sg": "táwa",
"ins_du": "yuHáHbʰyaH",
"ins_pl": "ušmáHbʰiš",
"ins_sg": "twáyaH",
"loc_du": "yuHáyawš",
"loc_pl": "ušmáy",
"loc_sg": "twáHi",
"nom_du": "yuHáHm",
"nom_pl": "yúH",
"nom_sg": "túH"
},
"name": "iir-decl-pronoun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"lang_code": "iir-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/túH",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Indo-Iranian entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian pronouns",
"Proto-Indo-Iranian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"you, thou"
],
"links": [
[
"you",
"you"
],
[
"thou",
"thou"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "túH"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Indo-Iranian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.