See -þuz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -þuz meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-þ",
"id": "u-stem"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -þ, -d, -t\nMiddle English: -th, -d, -þ, -þe; -t, -te (conflated with -þ < *-þiz)\nEnglish: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)\nScots: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -þ, -d, -t\nMiddle English: -th, -d, -þ, -þe; -t, -te (conflated with -þ < *-þiz)\nEnglish: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)\nScots: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-th"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -th",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -th"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*-t"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *-t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *-t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-t",
"3": "-d",
"4": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -t, -d, -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -t, -d, -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -d; -t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-?"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: -?",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: -?; -t"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-de",
"3": "-d"
},
"expansion": "German: -de, -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -de, -d; -t"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ðr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ðr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ður"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -ður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -ður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-ður"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -ður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -ður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -d"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -d"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌸𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌸𐌿𐍃 (-þus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌸𐌿𐍃 (-þus)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-tus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-þuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-þų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-þuz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forms result nouns from verb roots, usually from strong verbs."
],
"id": "en--þuz-gem-pro-noun-C9IGJ-9Y",
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θuz/"
}
],
"word": "-þuz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "-þ",
"id": "u-stem"
},
"expansion": "Old English: -þ, -d, -t\nMiddle English: -th, -d, -þ, -þe; -t, -te (conflated with -þ < *-þiz)\nEnglish: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)\nScots: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old English: -þ, -d, -t\nMiddle English: -th, -d, -þ, -þe; -t, -te (conflated with -þ < *-þiz)\nEnglish: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)\nScots: -th, -t (conflated with -the < *-iþō)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "-th"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: -th",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: -th"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*-t"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *-t",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *-t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "-t",
"3": "-d",
"4": "-de"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: -t, -d, -de",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: -t, -d, -de"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: -d; -t"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "-?"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: -?",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: -?; -t"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "-de",
"3": "-d"
},
"expansion": "German: -de, -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: -de, -d; -t"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ðr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ðr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "-ður"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: -ður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: -ður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "-ður"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: -ður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: -ður"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: -d"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "-d"
},
"expansion": "Danish: -d",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: -d"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "-𐌸𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: -𐌸𐌿𐍃 (-þus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: -𐌸𐌿𐍃 (-þus)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-tus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-tus",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-tus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-þuz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-þų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þiwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-þū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-þumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-þuz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic u-stem nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"Forms result nouns from verb roots, usually from strong verbs."
],
"links": [
[
"nouns",
"nouns#English"
],
[
"verb",
"verb#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/θuz/"
}
],
"word": "-þuz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.