See kolmi in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for kolmi meaning in Proto-Finnic (7.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kolm"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kolm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolmi",
"q1": "dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution) kolmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution) kolmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kolmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Livonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Courland Livonian: kuolm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kolm"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kolm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolme",
"3": "kolmet",
"4": "kolomet",
"alt1": "kolme(ˣ)",
"qq1": "with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish",
"qq3": "Savonia, rare"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kolme(ˣ) (with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish), kolmet, kolomet (Savonia, rare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kolme(ˣ) (with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish), kolmet, kolomet (Savonia, rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kolt"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kolt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with syncope"
},
"expansion": "(with syncope)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kolt (with syncope)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kõlmõd"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kõlmõd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kõlmõd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolme",
"qq1": "without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kolme (without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kolme (without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kolme"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kolme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kolme"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kolme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "koume"
},
"expansion": "Veps: koume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: koume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*kolme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *kolme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кумыт"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кумыт (kumyt)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kolme. Many descendants point to an extended variant *kolmët. Compare also Eastern Mari кумыт (kumyt), predicative form of кум (kum, “3”); *kolmë was probably derived from this through deletion of the word-final *-t, and is found in several descendants.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëdën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmënëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolminëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kolmë"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kolmi",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"name": "Proto-Finnic cardinal numbers",
"parents": [
"Cardinal numbers",
"Numbers",
"All topics",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "kolmikkoi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"three"
],
"id": "en-kolmi-urj-fin-pro-num-i1udsME9",
"links": [
[
"three",
"three"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kolmi"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "kolmikkoi"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "kolm"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: kolm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolmi",
"q1": "dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution) kolmi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal, rare; with a sporadic distribution) kolmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kolmi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Livonian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Courland Livonian: kuolm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Vidzeme Livonian: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "kolm"
},
"expansion": "Võro: kolm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: kolm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolme",
"3": "kolmet",
"4": "kolomet",
"alt1": "kolme(ˣ)",
"qq1": "with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish",
"qq3": "Savonia, rare"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kolme(ˣ) (with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish), kolmet, kolomet (Savonia, rare)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kolme(ˣ) (with final gemination; primarily Western Finnish), kolmet, kolomet (Savonia, rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "kolt"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: kolt",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "with syncope"
},
"expansion": "(with syncope)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: kolt (with syncope)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "kõlmõd"
},
"expansion": "Votic: kõlmõd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: kõlmõd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "kolme",
"qq1": "without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: kolme (without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: kolme (without final gemination; primarily Savonia and Karelia)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "kolme"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: kolme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "kolme"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: kolme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: kolme"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "koume"
},
"expansion": "Veps: koume",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: koume"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*kolme"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *kolme",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mhr",
"2": "кумыт"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Mari кумыт (kumyt)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *kolme. Many descendants point to an extended variant *kolmët. Compare also Eastern Mari кумыт (kumyt), predicative form of кум (kum, “3”); *kolmë was probably derived from this through deletion of the word-final *-t, and is found in several descendants.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmët",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëdën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëda",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëssa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëhna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmësta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëhën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëlëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmënëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolminëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmëtta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kolmitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kolmë"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kolmi",
"pos": "num",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic cardinal numbers",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e",
"Proto-Finnic numerals",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric"
],
"glosses": [
"three"
],
"links": [
[
"three",
"three"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "kolmi"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.