See hän in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hän meaning in Proto-Finnic (8.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntä"
},
"expansion": "*häntä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*hänensäk"
},
"expansion": "*hänensäk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "enda",
"3": "enese",
"der": "1",
"qq1": "< partitive singular <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntä</i>, later reanalyzed",
"qq2": "< genitive singular + possessive suffix, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*hänensäk</i>"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Estonian: enda (< partitive singular *häntä, later reanalyzed), enese (< genitive singular + possessive suffix, *hänensäk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Estonian: enda (< partitive singular *häntä, later reanalyzed), enese (< genitive singular + possessive suffix, *hänensäk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: hän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fkv",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Kven: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kven: hän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hää"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: hää",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "hän",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hään"
},
"expansion": "hään",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: hää, (dialectal) hän, hään"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "hän",
"3": "hään",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: hän, hään",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: hän, hään"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "hiän"
},
"expansion": "hiän",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: hiän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "hiän"
},
"expansion": "hiän",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: hiän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "eņtš",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Livonian: eņtš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntänsäk"
},
"expansion": "*häntänsäk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< with partitive and possessive endings, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntänsäk</i>"
},
"expansion": "(< with partitive and possessive endings, *häntänsäk)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Livonian: eņtš (< with partitive and possessive endings, *häntänsäk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "häi"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: häi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: häi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "häin"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: häin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: häin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Veps: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: hän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "hindä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Võro: hindä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntähen"
},
"expansion": "*häntähen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< with partitive and inessive endings, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntähen</i>, later reanalyzed"
},
"expansion": "(< with partitive and inessive endings, *häntähen, later reanalyzed)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Võro: hindä (< with partitive and inessive endings, *häntähen, later reanalyzed)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ize",
"alt1": "ene",
"q1": "inflected forms of ize"
},
"expansion": "Votic: (inflected forms of ize) ene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: (inflected forms of ize) ene"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*sän"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *sän",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*sen"
},
"expansion": "*sen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*hek"
},
"expansion": "*hek",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*sonë"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *sonë",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *sän, *sen. The initial sound change *s > *h is irregular; a similar sound change is regular between the second and third syllables, and the relative lack of sentence stress given to personal pronouns appears to have motivated a similar change (also seen in *hek). Cognate with Proto-Samic *sonë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häntä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänessä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hänehnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänestä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänehen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänellä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häneltä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hänelek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hännä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häneksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hännek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänettä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "pronouns",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*hän",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hän"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hän",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"he, she"
],
"id": "en-hän-urj-fin-pro-pron-e2I9cl05",
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic personal pronouns",
"parents": [
"Personal pronouns",
"Pronouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 79",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"it, for inanimate objects"
],
"id": "en-hän-urj-fin-pro-pron-k4xHZff2",
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possibly) it, for inanimate objects"
],
"tags": [
"possibly",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hän"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/Vle, Vne, Vre, Vse",
"Proto-Finnic personal pronouns",
"Proto-Finnic pronouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Ugric"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntä"
},
"expansion": "*häntä",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*hänensäk"
},
"expansion": "*hänensäk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "enda",
"3": "enese",
"der": "1",
"qq1": "< partitive singular <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntä</i>, later reanalyzed",
"qq2": "< genitive singular + possessive suffix, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*hänensäk</i>"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Estonian: enda (< partitive singular *häntä, later reanalyzed), enese (< genitive singular + possessive suffix, *hänensäk)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Estonian: enda (< partitive singular *häntä, later reanalyzed), enese (< genitive singular + possessive suffix, *hänensäk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: hän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fkv",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Kven: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kven: hän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hää"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: hää",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "q"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "hän",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hään"
},
"expansion": "hään",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: hää, (dialectal) hän, hään"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "hän",
"3": "hään",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: hän, hään",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: hän, hään"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "hiän"
},
"expansion": "hiän",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "North Karelian: hiän"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "hiän"
},
"expansion": "hiän",
"name": "l"
}
],
"text": "South Karelian: hiän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "eņtš",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Livonian: eņtš",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntänsäk"
},
"expansion": "*häntänsäk",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< with partitive and possessive endings, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntänsäk</i>"
},
"expansion": "(< with partitive and possessive endings, *häntänsäk)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Livonian: eņtš (< with partitive and possessive endings, *häntänsäk)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "häi"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: häi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: häi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "häin"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: häin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: häin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "hän"
},
"expansion": "Veps: hän",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: hän"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "hindä",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Võro: hindä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*häntähen"
},
"expansion": "*häntähen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "< with partitive and inessive endings, <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"urj-fin-pro\">*häntähen</i>, later reanalyzed"
},
"expansion": "(< with partitive and inessive endings, *häntähen, later reanalyzed)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Võro: hindä (< with partitive and inessive endings, *häntähen, later reanalyzed)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ize",
"alt1": "ene",
"q1": "inflected forms of ize"
},
"expansion": "Votic: (inflected forms of ize) ene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: (inflected forms of ize) ene"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "fiu-pro",
"3": "*sän"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finno-Ugric *sän",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fiu-pro",
"2": "*sen"
},
"expansion": "*sen",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*hek"
},
"expansion": "*hek",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*sonë"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *sonë",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Finno-Ugric *sän, *sen. The initial sound change *s > *h is irregular; a similar sound change is regular between the second and third syllables, and the relative lack of sentence stress given to personal pronouns appears to have motivated a similar change (also seen in *hek). Cognate with Proto-Samic *sonë.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häntä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänessä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hänehnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänestä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänehen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänellä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häneltä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänelen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hänelek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hännä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "häneksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "hänen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hännek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hänettä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "pronouns",
"cat2": "personal pronouns"
},
"expansion": "*hän",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hän"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hän",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"he, she"
],
"links": [
[
"he",
"he"
],
[
"she",
"she"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"it, for inanimate objects"
],
"links": [
[
"it",
"it"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(possibly) it, for inanimate objects"
],
"tags": [
"possibly",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hän"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.