See aika in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for aika meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "aeg"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: aeg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: aeg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "aika",
"id": "time"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: aika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: aika"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "aika"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: aika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: aika"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: aika"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: aiga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "āiga"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: āiga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: āiga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "aigu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: aigu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: aigu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Veps: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Võro: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "aikõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: aikõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: aikõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ājkē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *ājkē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *ājkē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwaz",
"4": "",
"5": "long time, age, eternity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time, age, eternity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ajuka-",
"4": "",
"5": "time, eternity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ajuka- (“time, eternity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aiwukiz",
"3": "*ajukiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ajukiz",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Two Germanic etyma have been proposed, but it is not certain which one is correct, if either:\n* The first theory posits a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time, age, eternity”). The *w > *k is not entirely regular, but multiple explanations have been put forward (such as analogous gradation and a comparison with *raaka < *hrawaz and *narka < *narwaz). LÄGLOS however considers derivation from *aiwaz to be unlikely, although later support has been expressed by Schalin (2019).\n* Alternatively, according to Hyllested (2014), from earlier *ajeka and borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ajuka- (“time, eternity”) (related to Proto-Germanic *ajukiz); for medial *ajeC > *aiC, parallels exist in *aisa (< *ajesa), *kaikki (< *kajekki) and probably *aitta (< *ajetta). This etymology is supported by Junttila (2020).\nEarlier proposals about a Baltic origin have been rejected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aika",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aika"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/aika",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "aigasta-aika"
}
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"id": "en-aika-urj-fin-pro-noun-M2B0gF~I",
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aika"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "aigasta-aika"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "aeg"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: aeg",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: aeg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "aika",
"id": "time"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: aika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: aika"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "aika"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: aika",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: aika"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: aika"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: aiga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "āiga"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: āiga",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: āiga"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "aigu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: aigu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: aigu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Veps: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "aig"
},
"expansion": "Võro: aig",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: aig"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "aikõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: aikõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: aikõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ājkē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *ājkē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *ājkē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*aiwaz",
"4": "",
"5": "long time, age, eternity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time, age, eternity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*ajuka-",
"4": "",
"5": "time, eternity"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ajuka- (“time, eternity”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*aiwukiz",
"3": "*ajukiz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *ajukiz",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Two Germanic etyma have been proposed, but it is not certain which one is correct, if either:\n* The first theory posits a borrowing from Proto-Germanic *aiwaz (“long time, age, eternity”). The *w > *k is not entirely regular, but multiple explanations have been put forward (such as analogous gradation and a comparison with *raaka < *hrawaz and *narka < *narwaz). LÄGLOS however considers derivation from *aiwaz to be unlikely, although later support has been expressed by Schalin (2019).\n* Alternatively, according to Hyllested (2014), from earlier *ajeka and borrowed from Proto-Germanic *ajuka- (“time, eternity”) (related to Proto-Germanic *ajukiz); for medial *ajeC > *aiC, parallels exist in *aisa (< *ajesa), *kaikki (< *kajekki) and probably *aitta (< *ajetta). This etymology is supported by Junttila (2020).\nEarlier proposals about a Baltic origin have been rejected.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "aika",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "aigan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aikanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aikoinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "aigatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "aigoitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "aika"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/aika",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"urj-fin-pro:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"time"
],
"links": [
[
"time",
"time"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "aika"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.