See lem in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for lem meaning in Middle Irish (3.4kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "lem"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish lem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*limos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *limos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llwyf"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llwyf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁élem",
"t": "mountain elm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ulmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin ulmus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish lem, from Proto-Celtic *limos (compare Welsh llwyf, from a variant *lēmos), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”); compare Latin ulmus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lim",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "lim",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lem m (genitive lim)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lim"
},
"expansion": "lem m (genitive lim)",
"name": "mga-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 4 3 1 0 1 1 2 9 12 2 5 8 4 3 0 0 1 0 16 0 0 2 0 0 1 2 1 2 2 2 0 4 5 0 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 5 2 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"elm tree"
],
"id": "en-lem-mga-noun-YcVYv~DS",
"links": [
[
"elm",
"elm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lemán"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/l͈ʲeṽ/"
}
],
"word": "lem"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "leamh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: leamh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: leamh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃lemH-",
"t": "weak, broken, soft"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lem",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "lem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "em"
},
"name": "mga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soft, tender"
],
"id": "en-lem-mga-adj-XckO1c52",
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak, powerless"
],
"id": "en-lem-mga-adj-Mwx0yBkK",
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impotent (in sexual sense)"
],
"id": "en-lem-mga-adj-IWaLly9F",
"links": [
[
"impotent",
"impotent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foolish, worthless"
],
"id": "en-lem-mga-adj-JlnEewax",
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/l͈ʲeṽ/"
}
],
"word": "lem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Irish adjectives",
"Middle Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Irish lemmas",
"Middle Irish masculine nouns",
"Middle Irish nouns",
"Middle Irish terms derived from Old Irish",
"Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Irish terms inherited from Old Irish",
"Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Middle Irish terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms borrowed from Thai",
"White Hmong terms derived from Thai",
"White Hmong verbs"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "sga",
"3": "lem"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish lem",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*limos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *limos",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "llwyf"
},
"expansion": "Welsh llwyf",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁élem",
"t": "mountain elm"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ulmus"
},
"expansion": "Latin ulmus",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Irish lem, from Proto-Celtic *limos (compare Welsh llwyf, from a variant *lēmos), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁élem (“mountain elm”); compare Latin ulmus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lim",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "genitive",
"6": "lim",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "lem m (genitive lim)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "lim"
},
"expansion": "lem m (genitive lim)",
"name": "mga-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"elm tree"
],
"links": [
[
"elm",
"elm"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "lemán"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/l͈ʲeṽ/"
}
],
"word": "lem"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Irish adjectives",
"Middle Irish entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle Irish lemmas",
"Middle Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Middle Irish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"White Hmong entries with incorrect language header",
"White Hmong lemmas",
"White Hmong terms borrowed from Thai",
"White Hmong terms derived from Thai",
"White Hmong verbs"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "leamh"
},
"expansion": "Irish: leamh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: leamh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃lemH-",
"t": "weak, broken, soft"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₃lemH- (“weak, broken, soft”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mga-mutation",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lem",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"mutation",
"mutation-radical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mga",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "lem",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "l",
"2": "em"
},
"name": "mga-mutation"
}
],
"lang": "Middle Irish",
"lang_code": "mga",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"soft, tender"
],
"links": [
[
"soft",
"soft"
],
[
"tender",
"tender"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"weak, powerless"
],
"links": [
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"powerless",
"powerless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"impotent (in sexual sense)"
],
"links": [
[
"impotent",
"impotent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foolish, worthless"
],
"links": [
[
"foolish",
"foolish"
],
[
"worthless",
"worthless"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/l͈ʲeṽ/"
}
],
"word": "lem"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle Irish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (bb24e0f and c7ea76d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.