"fün" meaning in Bavarian

See fün in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈfyːn/
Etymology: From Middle High German vüllen, from Old High German fullen, from Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, from Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”), from *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”). Etymology templates: {{inh|bar|gmh|vüllen}} Middle High German vüllen, {{inh|bar|goh|fullen}} Old High German fullen, {{inh|bar|gmw-pro|*fullijan}} Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, {{inh|bar|gem-pro|*fullijaną|t=to make full, fill}} Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”), {{der|bar|ine-pro|*pl̥h₁nós|t=full}} Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”) Head templates: {{bar-verb|pp=gfüt}} fün (past participle gfüt) Inflection templates: {{bar-conj|imp-pl=füts|imp-sg=fü|part-past=gfüt|pres-pl=fün|pres-pl2=füts|pres-sg1=fü|pres-sg2=füst|pres-sg3=füt|subj-pl=fülladn|subj-pl2=füllats|subj-sg=füllad|subj-sg2=fülladst}} Forms: gfüt [participle, past], Vienna [Bavarian, Central, East], no-table-tags [table-tags], fün [infinitive], fü [first-person, present, singular], - [first-person, past, singular], füllad [first-person, singular, subjunctive], füst [present, second-person, singular], - [past, second-person, singular], fülladst [second-person, singular, subjunctive], füt [present, singular, third-person], - [past, singular, third-person], füllad [singular, subjunctive, third-person], fün [error-unrecognized-form, present], - [error-unrecognized-form, past], fülladn [error-unrecognized-form, subjunctive], füts [error-unrecognized-form, present], füllats [error-unrecognized-form, subjunctive], fü [imperative, present, singular], füts [imperative, plural, present], gfüt [participle, past, present]
  1. (transitive) to fill Tags: Bavarian, Central, East, transitive
    Sense id: en-fün-bar-verb-MYHGj2tW Categories (other): Bavarian entries with incorrect language header, Bavarian terms with redundant script codes, East Central Bavarian, Viennese Bavarian Disambiguation of Bavarian entries with incorrect language header: 29 35 36 Disambiguation of Bavarian terms with redundant script codes: 35 31 34 Disambiguation of East Central Bavarian: 37 30 33 Disambiguation of Viennese Bavarian: 37 30 33
  2. (transitive) to fill into [+ in (accusative)] Tags: Bavarian, Central, East, transitive
    Sense id: en-fün-bar-verb-yP9FrIuK Categories (other): Bavarian entries with incorrect language header, Bavarian terms with redundant script codes, East Central Bavarian, Viennese Bavarian Disambiguation of Bavarian entries with incorrect language header: 29 35 36 Disambiguation of Bavarian terms with redundant script codes: 35 31 34 Disambiguation of East Central Bavarian: 37 30 33 Disambiguation of Viennese Bavarian: 37 30 33
  3. (reflexive) to fill, to fill up Tags: Bavarian, Central, East, reflexive
    Sense id: en-fün-bar-verb-Y7re8Eq- Categories (other): Bavarian entries with incorrect language header, Bavarian terms with redundant script codes, East Central Bavarian, Viennese Bavarian Disambiguation of Bavarian entries with incorrect language header: 29 35 36 Disambiguation of Bavarian terms with redundant script codes: 35 31 34 Disambiguation of East Central Bavarian: 37 30 33 Disambiguation of Viennese Bavarian: 37 30 33
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: fuin [Bavarian, Central, West], fülln [Bavarian, Southern]
Derived forms: auffün, ausfün, eifün, einafün, einefün, einifün, erfün, Füllung, nåchfün, umfün, voifün, åfün

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for fün meaning in Bavarian (6.5kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "auffün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "ausfün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "eifün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "einafün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "einefün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "einifün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "erfün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "Füllung"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "nåchfün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "umfün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "voifün"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "åfün"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "vüllen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German vüllen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "fullen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fullen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*fullijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fullijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fullijaną",
        "t": "to make full, fill"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pl̥h₁nós",
        "t": "full"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German vüllen, from Old High German fullen, from Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, from Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”), from *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gfüt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Vienna",
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bar-conj\n\n",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fün",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fü",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fülladst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fün",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fülladn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllats",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fü",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gfüt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "pp": "gfüt"
      },
      "expansion": "fün (past participle gfüt)",
      "name": "bar-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "imp-pl": "füts",
        "imp-sg": "fü",
        "part-past": "gfüt",
        "pres-pl": "fün",
        "pres-pl2": "füts",
        "pres-sg1": "fü",
        "pres-sg2": "füst",
        "pres-sg3": "füt",
        "subj-pl": "fülladn",
        "subj-pl2": "füllats",
        "subj-sg": "füllad",
        "subj-sg2": "fülladst"
      },
      "name": "bar-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bavarian",
  "lang_code": "bar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 35 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "East Central Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Viennese Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill"
      ],
      "id": "en-fün-bar-verb-MYHGj2tW",
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 35 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "East Central Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Viennese Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill into [+ in (accusative)]",
        "to fill into"
      ],
      "id": "en-fün-bar-verb-yP9FrIuK",
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in#Bavarian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fill into [+ in (accusative)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "29 35 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "35 31 34",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "East Central Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 30 33",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Viennese Bavarian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill, to fill up"
      ],
      "id": "en-fün-bar-verb-Y7re8Eq-",
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ],
        [
          "fill up",
          "fill up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to fill, to fill up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfyːn/"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "fühn"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "West"
      ],
      "word": "fuin"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Southern"
      ],
      "word": "fülln"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fün"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Bavarian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Bavarian lemmas",
    "Bavarian terms derived from Middle High German",
    "Bavarian terms derived from Old High German",
    "Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "Bavarian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Bavarian terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Bavarian terms inherited from Middle High German",
    "Bavarian terms inherited from Old High German",
    "Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "Bavarian terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Bavarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Bavarian terms with homophones",
    "Bavarian terms with redundant script codes",
    "Bavarian verbs",
    "East Central Bavarian",
    "Viennese Bavarian"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "auffün"
    },
    {
      "word": "ausfün"
    },
    {
      "word": "eifün"
    },
    {
      "word": "einafün"
    },
    {
      "word": "einefün"
    },
    {
      "word": "einifün"
    },
    {
      "word": "erfün"
    },
    {
      "word": "Füllung"
    },
    {
      "word": "nåchfün"
    },
    {
      "word": "umfün"
    },
    {
      "word": "voifün"
    },
    {
      "word": "åfün"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gmh",
        "3": "vüllen"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle High German vüllen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "goh",
        "3": "fullen"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German fullen",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*fullijan"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *fullijan",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*fullijaną",
        "t": "to make full, fill"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bar",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*pl̥h₁nós",
        "t": "full"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle High German vüllen, from Old High German fullen, from Proto-West Germanic *fullijan, from Proto-Germanic *fullijaną (“to make full, fill”), from *fullaz (“full”), from Proto-Indo-European *pl̥h₁nós (“full”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gfüt",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Vienna",
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bar-conj\n\n",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fün",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fü",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fülladst",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllad",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fün",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fülladn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füllats",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "fü",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "füts",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gfüt",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past",
        "present"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "pp": "gfüt"
      },
      "expansion": "fün (past participle gfüt)",
      "name": "bar-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "imp-pl": "füts",
        "imp-sg": "fü",
        "part-past": "gfüt",
        "pres-pl": "fün",
        "pres-pl2": "füts",
        "pres-sg1": "fü",
        "pres-sg2": "füst",
        "pres-sg3": "füt",
        "subj-pl": "fülladn",
        "subj-pl2": "füllats",
        "subj-sg": "füllad",
        "subj-sg2": "fülladst"
      },
      "name": "bar-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Bavarian",
  "lang_code": "bar",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bavarian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fill"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bavarian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill into [+ in (accusative)]",
        "to fill into"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ],
        [
          "in",
          "in#Bavarian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to fill into [+ in (accusative)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Bavarian reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to fill, to fill up"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fill",
          "fill"
        ],
        [
          "fill up",
          "fill up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to fill, to fill up"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "East",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈfyːn/"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "fühn"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Central",
        "West"
      ],
      "word": "fuin"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Bavarian",
        "Southern"
      ],
      "word": "fülln"
    }
  ],
  "word": "fün"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: present tense",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: past tense",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/2466",
  "msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Bavarian]; cleaned text: subjunctive",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '1st person plur.'",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '2nd person plur.'",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: '3rd person plur.'",
  "path": [
    "fün"
  ],
  "section": "Bavarian",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "fün",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Bavarian dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (384852d and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.