"φαιός" meaning in Ancient Greek

See φαιός in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /pʰai̯.ós/, /ɸɛˈos/, /feˈos/, /pʰai̯.ós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /pʰɛˈos/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /ɸɛˈos/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /feˈos/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /feˈos/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: The word has been compared with Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”) and reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”). Other reconstructions which have been proposed are *φαιϝός (*phaiwós) and *φαισϝός (*phaiswós). In short, the etymology is still unknown. Etymology templates: {{cog|lv|gaišs||light, bright}} Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”), {{der|grc|ine-pro|*gʷʰaiso-||bright, shining}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”), {{unk|grc|title=unknown}} unknown Inflection templates: {{grc-adecl|φαιός|φαιᾱ́}} Forms: phaiós [romanization], φαιᾱ́ [feminine], φαιόν [neuter], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], φαιός [masculine, nominative, singular], φαιᾱ́ [feminine, nominative, singular], φαιόν [neuter, nominative, singular], φαιώ [dual, masculine, nominative], φαιᾱ́ [dual, feminine, nominative], φαιώ [dual, neuter, nominative], φαιοί [masculine, nominative, plural], φαιαί [feminine, nominative, plural], φαιᾰ́ [neuter, nominative, plural], φαιοῦ [genitive, masculine, singular], φαιᾶς [feminine, genitive, singular], φαιοῦ [genitive, neuter, singular], φαιοῖν [dual, genitive, masculine], φαιαῖν [dual, feminine, genitive], φαιοῖν [dual, genitive, neuter], φαιῶν [genitive, masculine, plural], φαιῶν [feminine, genitive, plural], φαιῶν [genitive, neuter, plural], φαιῷ [dative, masculine, singular], φαιᾷ [dative, feminine, singular], φαιῷ [dative, neuter, singular], φαιοῖν [dative, dual, masculine], φαιαῖν [dative, dual, feminine], φαιοῖν [dative, dual, neuter], φαιοῖς [dative, masculine, plural], φαιαῖς [dative, feminine, plural], φαιοῖς [dative, neuter, plural], φαιόν [accusative, masculine, singular], φαιᾱ́ν [accusative, feminine, singular], φαιόν [accusative, neuter, singular], φαιώ [accusative, dual, masculine], φαιᾱ́ [accusative, dual, feminine], φαιώ [accusative, dual, neuter], φαιούς [accusative, masculine, plural], φαιᾱ́ς [accusative, feminine, plural], φαιᾰ́ [accusative, neuter, plural], φαιέ [masculine, singular, vocative], φαιᾱ́ [feminine, singular, vocative], φαιόν [neuter, singular, vocative], φαιώ [dual, masculine, vocative], φαιᾱ́ [dual, feminine, vocative], φαιώ [dual, neuter, vocative], φαιοί [masculine, plural, vocative], φαιαί [feminine, plural, vocative], φαιᾰ́ [neuter, plural, vocative], φαιῶς [adverbial, feminine, masculine, neuter], φαιότερος [comparative, feminine, masculine, neuter], φαιότᾰτος [feminine, masculine, neuter, superlative]
  1. grey, of any colour mixed of black and white Categories (topical): Colors Synonyms: κιλλός, πολιός
    Sense id: en-φαιός-grc-adj-skDjTVi1 Disambiguation of Colors: 82 18 Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 59 41 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes: 63 37
  2. harsh (of sound)
    Sense id: en-φαιός-grc-adj-IfqSm-JS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: λευκόφαιος (leukóphaios), φαιουρός (phaiourós), φαιοχίτων (phaiokhítōn)
Related terms: λευκός (leukós), γλαυκός (glaukós), κῐλλός (killós), πολῐός (poliós), χαροπός (kharopós), ᾰ̓μαυρός (amaurós), κελαινός (kelainós), μαυρός (maurós), μέλᾱς (mélās), ἐρῠθρός (eruthrós), κᾰρῡ́κῐνος (karū́kinos), κόκκῐνος (kókkinos), φοινός (phoinós), πυρρός (purrhós), ὄρφνῐνος (órphninos), μήλινος (mḗlinos), ξᾰνθός (xanthós), ὠχρός (ōkhrós), πρᾰ́σῐνος (prásinos), χλωρός (khlōrós), χλωρομέλᾱς (khlōromélās), κῠᾰ́νεος (kuáneos), κᾰλάϊνος (kaláïnos), ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος (huakínthinos), ἰόεις (ióeis), φοινῑ́κεος (phoinī́keos), ᾰ̔λουργής (halourgḗs), πορφῠ́ρεος (porphúreos), οἶνοψ (oînops), ῥόδινος (rhódinos), ῥοδόεις (rhodóeis)

Download JSON data for φαιός meaning in Ancient Greek (10.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "leukóphaios",
      "word": "λευκόφαιος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "phaiourós",
      "word": "φαιουρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "phaiokhítōn",
      "word": "φαιοχίτων"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "φαιός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: φαιός (faiós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: φαιός (faiós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mul",
            "2": "phaeo-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Translingual: phaeo-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Translingual: phaeo-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "gaišs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "light, bright"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰaiso-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bright, shining"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "unknown"
      },
      "expansion": "unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The word has been compared with Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”) and reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”). Other reconstructions which have been proposed are *φαιϝός (*phaiwós) and *φαισϝός (*phaiswós). In short, the etymology is still unknown.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "phaiós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιός",
      "roman": "phaiós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοί",
      "roman": "phaioí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαί",
      "roman": "phaiaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῦ",
      "roman": "phaioû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾶς",
      "roman": "phaiâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῦ",
      "roman": "phaioû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖν",
      "roman": "phaiaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῷ",
      "roman": "phaiôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾷ",
      "roman": "phaiâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῷ",
      "roman": "phaiôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖν",
      "roman": "phaiaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖς",
      "roman": "phaioîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖς",
      "roman": "phaiaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖς",
      "roman": "phaioîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "phaiā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιούς",
      "roman": "phaioús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "phaiā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιέ",
      "roman": "phaié",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοί",
      "roman": "phaioí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαί",
      "roman": "phaiaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶς",
      "roman": "phaiôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιότερος",
      "roman": "phaióteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιότᾰτος",
      "roman": "phaiótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φαιός",
        "2": "φαιᾱ́"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "leukós",
      "word": "λευκός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "glaukós",
      "word": "γλαυκός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "killós",
      "word": "κῐλλός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "poliós",
      "word": "πολῐός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kharopós",
      "word": "χαροπός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "amaurós",
      "word": "ᾰ̓μαυρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kelainós",
      "word": "κελαινός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "maurós",
      "word": "μαυρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "mélās",
      "word": "μέλᾱς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "eruthrós",
      "word": "ἐρῠθρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "karū́kinos",
      "word": "κᾰρῡ́κῐνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kókkinos",
      "word": "κόκκῐνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "phoinós",
      "word": "φοινός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "purrhós",
      "word": "πυρρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "órphninos",
      "word": "ὄρφνῐνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "mḗlinos",
      "word": "μήλινος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "xanthós",
      "word": "ξᾰνθός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ōkhrós",
      "word": "ὠχρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "prásinos",
      "word": "πρᾰ́σῐνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khlōrós",
      "word": "χλωρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khlōromélās",
      "word": "χλωρομέλᾱς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kuáneos",
      "word": "κῠᾰ́νεος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "kaláïnos",
      "word": "κᾰλάϊνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "huakínthinos",
      "word": "ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "ióeis",
      "word": "ἰόεις"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "phoinī́keos",
      "word": "φοινῑ́κεος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "halourgḗs",
      "word": "ᾰ̔λουργής"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "porphúreos",
      "word": "πορφῠ́ρεος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "oînops",
      "word": "οἶνοψ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "rhódinos",
      "word": "ῥόδινος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "rhodóeis",
      "word": "ῥοδόεις"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "82 18",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "grc",
          "name": "Colors",
          "orig": "grc:Colors",
          "parents": [
            "Light",
            "Vision",
            "Energy",
            "Senses",
            "Nature",
            "Perception",
            "All topics",
            "Body",
            "Fundamental",
            "Human"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "grey, of any colour mixed of black and white"
      ],
      "id": "en-φαιός-grc-adj-skDjTVi1",
      "links": [
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ],
        [
          "colour",
          "colour"
        ],
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "white",
          "white"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "κιλλός"
        },
        {
          "word": "πολιός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh (of sound)"
      ],
      "id": "en-φαιός-grc-adj-IfqSm-JS",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰai̯.ós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸɛˈos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰai̯.ós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰɛˈos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸɛˈos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "φαιός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek adjectives",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
    "Ancient Greek terms with unknown etymologies",
    "el:Colors",
    "grc:Colors"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "leukóphaios",
      "word": "λευκόφαιος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "phaiourós",
      "word": "φαιουρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "phaiokhítōn",
      "word": "φαιοχίτων"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "φαιός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: φαιός (faiós)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: φαιός (faiós)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mul",
            "2": "phaeo-",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Translingual: phaeo-",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Translingual: phaeo-"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lv",
        "2": "gaišs",
        "3": "",
        "4": "light, bright"
      },
      "expansion": "Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰaiso-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "bright, shining"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "title": "unknown"
      },
      "expansion": "unknown",
      "name": "unk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "The word has been compared with Latvian gaišs (“light, bright”) and reconstructed as Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰaiso- (“bright, shining”). Other reconstructions which have been proposed are *φαιϝός (*phaiwós) and *φαισϝός (*phaiswós). In short, the etymology is still unknown.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "phaiós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-adecl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "First and second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιός",
      "roman": "phaiós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοί",
      "roman": "phaioí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαί",
      "roman": "phaiaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῦ",
      "roman": "phaioû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾶς",
      "roman": "phaiâs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῦ",
      "roman": "phaioû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖν",
      "roman": "phaiaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶν",
      "roman": "phaiôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῷ",
      "roman": "phaiôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾷ",
      "roman": "phaiâi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῷ",
      "roman": "phaiôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖν",
      "roman": "phaiaîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖν",
      "roman": "phaioîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖς",
      "roman": "phaioîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαῖς",
      "roman": "phaiaîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοῖς",
      "roman": "phaioîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́ν",
      "roman": "phaiā́n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "masculine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιούς",
      "roman": "phaioús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́ς",
      "roman": "phaiā́s",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιέ",
      "roman": "phaié",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιόν",
      "roman": "phaión",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "masculine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾱ́",
      "roman": "phaiā́",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "feminine",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιώ",
      "roman": "phaiṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "neuter",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιοί",
      "roman": "phaioí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιαί",
      "roman": "phaiaí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιᾰ́",
      "roman": "phaiá",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιῶς",
      "roman": "phaiôs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιότερος",
      "roman": "phaióteros",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comparative",
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "φαιότᾰτος",
      "roman": "phaiótatos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "masculine",
        "neuter",
        "superlative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "φαιός",
        "2": "φαιᾱ́"
      },
      "name": "grc-adecl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "roman": "leukós",
      "word": "λευκός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "glaukós",
      "word": "γλαυκός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "killós",
      "word": "κῐλλός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "poliós",
      "word": "πολῐός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kharopós",
      "word": "χαροπός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "amaurós",
      "word": "ᾰ̓μαυρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kelainós",
      "word": "κελαινός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "maurós",
      "word": "μαυρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mélās",
      "word": "μέλᾱς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "eruthrós",
      "word": "ἐρῠθρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karū́kinos",
      "word": "κᾰρῡ́κῐνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kókkinos",
      "word": "κόκκῐνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "phoinós",
      "word": "φοινός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "purrhós",
      "word": "πυρρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "órphninos",
      "word": "ὄρφνῐνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "mḗlinos",
      "word": "μήλινος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "xanthós",
      "word": "ξᾰνθός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ōkhrós",
      "word": "ὠχρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "prásinos",
      "word": "πρᾰ́σῐνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khlōrós",
      "word": "χλωρός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khlōromélās",
      "word": "χλωρομέλᾱς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuáneos",
      "word": "κῠᾰ́νεος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kaláïnos",
      "word": "κᾰλάϊνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "huakínthinos",
      "word": "ὑᾰκῐ́νθῐνος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ióeis",
      "word": "ἰόεις"
    },
    {
      "roman": "phoinī́keos",
      "word": "φοινῑ́κεος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "halourgḗs",
      "word": "ᾰ̔λουργής"
    },
    {
      "roman": "porphúreos",
      "word": "πορφῠ́ρεος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "oînops",
      "word": "οἶνοψ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rhódinos",
      "word": "ῥόδινος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "rhodóeis",
      "word": "ῥοδόεις"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "grey, of any colour mixed of black and white"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grey",
          "grey"
        ],
        [
          "colour",
          "colour"
        ],
        [
          "black",
          "black"
        ],
        [
          "white",
          "white"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "κιλλός"
        },
        {
          "word": "πολιός"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh (of sound)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ],
        [
          "sound",
          "sound"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰai̯.ós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸɛˈos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰai̯.ós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/pʰɛˈos/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɸɛˈos/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/feˈos/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "word": "φαιός"
}
{
  "called_from": "inflection/865",
  "msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: φαιός/Ancient Greek 'Number' base_tags={'declension-2', 'Attic'}",
  "path": [
    "φαιός"
  ],
  "section": "Ancient Greek",
  "subsection": "adjective",
  "title": "φαιός",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Ancient Greek dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.