"βάτραχος" meaning in 古希臘語

See βάτραχος in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Forms: bátrakhos [romanization], βᾰτρᾰ́χου
Etymology: 可能是蛙鳴叫的擬聲詞,但這一過程可能不是發生在古希臘語中,而是借自前希臘時期的底層語言或閃米特語族;考慮到扎金索斯州方言中,“蛙”一詞的發音類似閃米特語族語言和σπορδακάς (spordakás),也可對比希伯來語 צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣəp̄ardḗaʿ)、阿拉伯語 ضَفْدَع (ḍafdaʕ) – 除非能找到希臘語族和閃米特語族的共同來源。 對於這種廣泛的方言變體,Beekes 解釋稱,這和其他語音變化(如元音移位、前鼻音化等)一起,都可能是民間詞源或禁忌語所導致。他提出本詞的源頭可能是:“A priori,一種當地(即前希臘語)形式,應當是這些詞形的源頭;α/ο 的變化也指向這一點。”後綴*-χ- (*-kh-)也見於其他動物的名稱中。 較舊的學說(參見Pokorny 1959)認為與原始西日耳曼語 *krodu、拉丁語 bruscus (“蛙,蟾蜍”)有關,源自構擬的原始印歐語 *gʷredʰ- (“蛙,蟾蜍”),表示演變中可能發生換位(參見愛奧尼亞希臘語 βρόταχος (brótakhos)),且源頭中帶 *dʰ,而這可能演變出愛奧尼亞希臘語βάθρακος (báthrakos)中的 /tʰ/ 音。但這種說法在語音上非常難以實現。此外,如同 Beekes 所解釋的,雖然愛奧尼亞希臘語中經常省略送氣音,但帶 /t/ 的形式應當是原形。
  1. Sense id: zh-βάτραχος-grc-noun-nvHzdhWT
  2. 鮟鱇(Lophius piscatorius)
    Sense id: zh-βάτραχος-grc-noun-R7BrygHS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: βατράχιον, batrákhion, βατραχομυομαχία, batrakhomuomakhía
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "二類變格的古希臘語陽性名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語 兩棲動物",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語 魚",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語二類變格名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語倒三音節重音詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語擬聲詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語紅鏈",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語紅鏈/m",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "古希臘語陽性名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自前希臘時期的底層語言的古希臘語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自原始印歐語的古希臘語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自閃米特語族的古希臘語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "βατράχιον"
    },
    {
      "word": "batrákhion"
    },
    {
      "word": "βατραχομυομαχία"
    },
    {
      "word": "batrakhomuomakhía"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "希臘語",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "vátrachos",
      "word": "βάτραχος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "可能是蛙鳴叫的擬聲詞,但這一過程可能不是發生在古希臘語中,而是借自前希臘時期的底層語言或閃米特語族;考慮到扎金索斯州方言中,“蛙”一詞的發音類似閃米特語族語言和σπορδακάς (spordakás),也可對比希伯來語 צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣəp̄ardḗaʿ)、阿拉伯語 ضَفْدَع (ḍafdaʕ) – 除非能找到希臘語族和閃米特語族的共同來源。\n對於這種廣泛的方言變體,Beekes 解釋稱,這和其他語音變化(如元音移位、前鼻音化等)一起,都可能是民間詞源或禁忌語所導致。他提出本詞的源頭可能是:“A priori,一種當地(即前希臘語)形式,應當是這些詞形的源頭;α/ο 的變化也指向這一點。”後綴*-χ- (*-kh-)也見於其他動物的名稱中。\n較舊的學說(參見Pokorny 1959)認為與原始西日耳曼語 *krodu、拉丁語 bruscus (“蛙,蟾蜍”)有關,源自構擬的原始印歐語 *gʷredʰ- (“蛙,蟾蜍”),表示演變中可能發生換位(參見愛奧尼亞希臘語 βρόταχος (brótakhos)),且源頭中帶 *dʰ,而這可能演變出愛奧尼亞希臘語βάθρακος (báthrakos)中的 /tʰ/ 音。但這種說法在語音上非常難以實現。此外,如同 Beekes 所解釋的,雖然愛奧尼亞希臘語中經常省略送氣音,但帶 /t/ 的形式應當是原形。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bátrakhos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "βᾰτρᾰ́χου",
      "raw_tags": [
        "屬格"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "古希臘語",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Aristophanes, Frogs, 207.",
          "text": "βατράχων κύκνων θαυμαστά.\nbatrákhōn kúknōn thaumastá.\n天鵝般的青蛙,所唱出的最美妙的[歌曲]。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "蛙"
      ],
      "id": "zh-βάτραχος-grc-noun-nvHzdhWT"
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "鮟鱇(Lophius piscatorius)"
      ],
      "id": "zh-βάτραχος-grc-noun-R7BrygHS"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "masculine"
  ],
  "word": "βάτραχος"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "二類變格的古希臘語陽性名詞",
    "古希臘語 兩棲動物",
    "古希臘語 魚",
    "古希臘語二類變格名詞",
    "古希臘語倒三音節重音詞",
    "古希臘語名詞",
    "古希臘語擬聲詞",
    "古希臘語紅鏈",
    "古希臘語紅鏈/m",
    "古希臘語詞元",
    "古希臘語陽性名詞",
    "有2個詞條的頁面",
    "派生自前希臘時期的底層語言的古希臘語詞",
    "派生自原始印歐語的古希臘語詞",
    "派生自閃米特語族的古希臘語詞"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "βατράχιον"
    },
    {
      "word": "batrákhion"
    },
    {
      "word": "βατραχομυομαχία"
    },
    {
      "word": "batrakhomuomakhía"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "lang": "希臘語",
      "lang_code": "el",
      "roman": "vátrachos",
      "word": "βάτραχος"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "可能是蛙鳴叫的擬聲詞,但這一過程可能不是發生在古希臘語中,而是借自前希臘時期的底層語言或閃米特語族;考慮到扎金索斯州方言中,“蛙”一詞的發音類似閃米特語族語言和σπορδακάς (spordakás),也可對比希伯來語 צְפַרְדֵּעַ (ṣəp̄ardḗaʿ)、阿拉伯語 ضَفْدَع (ḍafdaʕ) – 除非能找到希臘語族和閃米特語族的共同來源。\n對於這種廣泛的方言變體,Beekes 解釋稱,這和其他語音變化(如元音移位、前鼻音化等)一起,都可能是民間詞源或禁忌語所導致。他提出本詞的源頭可能是:“A priori,一種當地(即前希臘語)形式,應當是這些詞形的源頭;α/ο 的變化也指向這一點。”後綴*-χ- (*-kh-)也見於其他動物的名稱中。\n較舊的學說(參見Pokorny 1959)認為與原始西日耳曼語 *krodu、拉丁語 bruscus (“蛙,蟾蜍”)有關,源自構擬的原始印歐語 *gʷredʰ- (“蛙,蟾蜍”),表示演變中可能發生換位(參見愛奧尼亞希臘語 βρόταχος (brótakhos)),且源頭中帶 *dʰ,而這可能演變出愛奧尼亞希臘語βάθρακος (báthrakos)中的 /tʰ/ 音。但這種說法在語音上非常難以實現。此外,如同 Beekes 所解釋的,雖然愛奧尼亞希臘語中經常省略送氣音,但帶 /t/ 的形式應當是原形。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bátrakhos",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "βᾰτρᾰ́χου",
      "raw_tags": [
        "屬格"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "古希臘語",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Aristophanes, Frogs, 207.",
          "text": "βατράχων κύκνων θαυμαστά.\nbatrákhōn kúknōn thaumastá.\n天鵝般的青蛙,所唱出的最美妙的[歌曲]。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "蛙"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "鮟鱇(Lophius piscatorius)"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "masculine"
  ],
  "word": "βάτραχος"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 古希臘語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.