"cytokine" meaning in All languages combined

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "含有前綴cyto-的英語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自古希臘語的英語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語可數名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "來自cyto- + 古希臘語 κίνησις (kínēsis, “活動”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cytokines",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "英語",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有引文的英語詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "英語 免疫學",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "英語 蛋白質",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "英語引文翻譯請求",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1975年July9日, Bigazzi PE, Yoshida T, Ward PA, Cohen S., “Production of Lymphokine-Like Factors (Cytokines) by Simian Virus 40-Infected and Simian Virus 40-Transformed Cell”, 出自 The American Journal of Pathology, 第 80 卷, 第 1 期，第 69 頁:",
          "text": "Thus, in the case of viral infection, mechanisms of resistance would be threefold, namely, interferon production, the immune response, including both antibody and lymphokine production, and the generation of lymphokine-like substances by the infected cells themselves. These latter substances have been defined as cytokines."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Maxine Gowen, Cytokines and Bone Metabolism, page 26,",
          "text": "A fundamental feature expressed by the vast majority of cytokines is a profound immunomodulatory activity."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Victor R. Preedy, Ross Hunter (editors), Preface, Cytokines, page v,",
          "text": "The cytokines are generally considered to be a group of peptides secreted by cells of the immune system such as macrophages, lymphocytes and T cells, although the same peptides may also be secreted by non-immune cells such as neurological tissues and adipocytes."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Errol B. De Souza (editor), Preface, Neurobiology of Cytokines: Methods in Neurosciences, Volume 16, page xiii,",
          "text": "The cytokines provide a classic example of products of the immune system which alter brain and endocrine activities. A variety of cytokines, including interleukin 1, interleukin 2, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α, have been traditionally associated with peripheral control of the immune system, inflammation, and acute phase response."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "細胞因子"
      ],
      "id": "zh-cytokine-en-noun-8miMmAS4",
      "topics": [
        "biochemistry",
        "immunology"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cytokine"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "含有前綴cyto-的英語詞",
    "有1個詞條的頁面",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "派生自古希臘語的英語詞",
    "英語可數名詞",
    "英語名詞",
    "英語詞元"
  ],
  "etymology_text": "來自cyto- + 古希臘語 κίνησις (kínēsis, “活動”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cytokines",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "英語",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "有引文的英語詞",
        "英語 免疫學",
        "英語 蛋白質",
        "英語引文翻譯請求"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "1975年July9日, Bigazzi PE, Yoshida T, Ward PA, Cohen S., “Production of Lymphokine-Like Factors (Cytokines) by Simian Virus 40-Infected and Simian Virus 40-Transformed Cell”, 出自 The American Journal of Pathology, 第 80 卷, 第 1 期，第 69 頁:",
          "text": "Thus, in the case of viral infection, mechanisms of resistance would be threefold, namely, interferon production, the immune response, including both antibody and lymphokine production, and the generation of lymphokine-like substances by the infected cells themselves. These latter substances have been defined as cytokines."
        },
        {
          "ref": "1991, Maxine Gowen, Cytokines and Bone Metabolism, page 26,",
          "text": "A fundamental feature expressed by the vast majority of cytokines is a profound immunomodulatory activity."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2012, Victor R. Preedy, Ross Hunter (editors), Preface, Cytokines, page v,",
          "text": "The cytokines are generally considered to be a group of peptides secreted by cells of the immune system such as macrophages, lymphocytes and T cells, although the same peptides may also be secreted by non-immune cells such as neurological tissues and adipocytes."
        },
        {
          "ref": "2013, Errol B. De Souza (editor), Preface, Neurobiology of Cytokines: Methods in Neurosciences, Volume 16, page xiii,",
          "text": "The cytokines provide a classic example of products of the immune system which alter brain and endocrine activities. A variety of cytokines, including interleukin 1, interleukin 2, interleukin 6, and tumor necrosis factor α, have been traditionally associated with peripheral control of the immune system, inflammation, and acute phase response."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "細胞因子"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biochemistry",
        "immunology"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "cytokine"
}