See 拂菻 on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中古漢語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中古漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "官話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「拂」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「菻」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自古希臘語的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自粟特語的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自花剌子模語的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語同源對似詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粟特語詞原生文字請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語專有名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "粵語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "花剌子模語詞原生文字請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞源不明的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "未知。学者张绪山回顧總結了該詞的詞源研究，認為比較可能來自粟特語 [需要文字] (frwm /frūm/)、[需要文字] (βrʾwm /frūm, frōm/, “羅馬；拜占庭”) 或花剌子模語 [需要文字] (frōm)，類似於安息語 frwm (Frōm)、中古波斯語 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm, “羅馬；拜占庭”)，以及古典亞美尼亞語 Հռովմ (Hṙovm)，上述的詞均來自古希臘語 Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)，最終源自拉丁語 Roma，因此可能是羅馬／罗马 (Luómǎ) 的同源對似詞。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "拂箖"
},
{
"form": "佛𣇰"
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "專有名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的文言文詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有棄用詞義的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1345年，脫脫（主編），《宋史》",
"roman": "Yútián, Dàshí, Fúlǐn děng guó gòngfèng, bāncì zhǒngzhì, yǒusī dàn yú gōnglài, yìliú biānfāng, xiàn èr suì yī jìn.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "于闐、大食、拂菻等國貢奉，般次踵至，有司憚於供賚，抑留邊方，限二歲一進。"
},
{
"ref": "1345年，脫脫（主編），《宋史》",
"roman": "Yútián, Dàshí, Fúlǐn děng guó gòngfèng, bāncì zhǒngzhì, yǒusī dàn yú gōnglài, yìliú biānfāng, xiàn èr suì yī jìn.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "于阗、大食、拂菻等国贡奉，般次踵至，有司惮于供赉，抑留边方，限二岁一进。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"拜占庭"
],
"id": "zh-拂菻-zh-name-tws1RckS",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"古國名，即隋唐時期的東羅馬帝國"
],
"id": "zh-拂菻-zh-name-Y3jeqqp6"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fat¹ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "Fu²-lin³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "Fú-lǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "Fwuliin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "Фулинь (Fulinʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/fu³⁵ lin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fat¹ lam⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fāt làhm"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "fat⁷ lam⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "fed¹ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɐt̚⁵ lɐm²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中古漢語"
],
"zh_pron": "phjut limX"
}
],
"word": "拂菻"
}
{
"categories": [
"中古漢語專有名詞",
"中古漢語詞元",
"官話專有名詞",
"官話詞元",
"帶「拂」的漢語詞",
"帶「菻」的漢語詞",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自古希臘語的漢語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的漢語詞",
"派生自粟特語的漢語詞",
"派生自花剌子模語的漢語詞",
"漢語同源對似詞",
"漢語專有名詞",
"漢語詞元",
"粟特語詞原生文字請求",
"粵語專有名詞",
"粵語詞元",
"花剌子模語詞原生文字請求",
"詞源不明的漢語詞"
],
"etymology_text": "未知。学者张绪山回顧總結了該詞的詞源研究，認為比較可能來自粟特語 [需要文字] (frwm /frūm/)、[需要文字] (βrʾwm /frūm, frōm/, “羅馬；拜占庭”) 或花剌子模語 [需要文字] (frōm)，類似於安息語 frwm (Frōm)、中古波斯語 𐭧𐭫𐭥𐭬 (Hrōm, “羅馬；拜占庭”)，以及古典亞美尼亞語 Հռովմ (Hṙovm)，上述的詞均來自古希臘語 Ῥώμη (Rhṓmē)，最終源自拉丁語 Roma，因此可能是羅馬／罗马 (Luómǎ) 的同源對似詞。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "拂箖"
},
{
"form": "佛𣇰"
}
],
"lang": "漢語",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"pos_title": "專有名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有引文的文言文詞",
"有棄用詞義的漢語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1345年，脫脫（主編），《宋史》",
"roman": "Yútián, Dàshí, Fúlǐn děng guó gòngfèng, bāncì zhǒngzhì, yǒusī dàn yú gōnglài, yìliú biānfāng, xiàn èr suì yī jìn.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Traditional Chinese"
],
"text": "于闐、大食、拂菻等國貢奉，般次踵至，有司憚於供賚，抑留邊方，限二歲一進。"
},
{
"ref": "1345年，脫脫（主編），《宋史》",
"roman": "Yútián, Dàshí, Fúlǐn děng guó gòngfèng, bāncì zhǒngzhì, yǒusī dàn yú gōnglài, yìliú biānfāng, xiàn èr suì yī jìn.",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Classical Chinese",
"Simplified Chinese"
],
"text": "于阗、大食、拂菻等国贡奉，般次踵至，有司惮于供赉，抑留边方，限二岁一进。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"拜占庭"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"古國名，即隋唐時期的東羅馬帝國"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fat¹ lam⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄈㄨˊ ㄌㄧㄣˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Fúlǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Wade–Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "Fu²-lin³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "Fú-lǐn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "Fwuliin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "Фулинь (Fulinʹ)"
},
{
"ipa": "/fu³⁵ lin²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fat¹ lam⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "fāt làhm"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "fat⁷ lam⁴"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "fed¹ lem⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/fɐt̚⁵ lɐm²¹/",
"raw_tags": [
"標準粵語",
"廣州–香港話"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中古漢語"
],
"zh_pron": "phjut limX"
}
],
"word": "拂菻"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 拂菻 meaning in All languages combined (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-08 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.