See реформа on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
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"name": "哈薩克語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "哈薩克語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有5個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自俄語的哈薩克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的哈薩克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自法語的哈薩克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自俄語的哈薩克語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "reformalau",
"word": "реформалау"
},
{
"roman": "reformalauşy",
"word": "реформалаушы"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自俄語 рефо́рма (refórma)，來自法語 réforme，來自拉丁語 reformo。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "哈薩克語",
"lang_code": "kk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
],
"id": "zh-реформа-kk-noun-GjZSlSOw"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪˈformə]"
}
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有5個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "標題行有紅鏈的馬其頓語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "реформски",
"tags": [
"relational",
"adjective"
]
}
],
"lang": "馬其頓語",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
],
"id": "zh-реформа-mk-noun-GjZSlSOw"
}
],
"sounds": [
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}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語無生名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有5個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "refórma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рмы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рмы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рм",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"related": [
{
"roman": "reformátor",
"word": "реформа́тор"
},
{
"roman": "reformacija",
"word": "реформация"
},
{
"roman": "reformírovatʹ",
"word": "реформи́ровать"
},
{
"roman": "doreformennyj",
"word": "дореформенный"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
],
"id": "zh-реформа-ru-noun-GjZSlSOw"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ru-реформа.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/41/Ru-реформа.ogg/Ru-реформа.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ru-реформа.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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}
],
"tags": [
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"inanimate"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有5個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "rèfōrma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
],
"id": "zh-реформа-sh-noun-GjZSlSOw"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有5個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語無生名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語陰性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "refórma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рми",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рм",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "烏克蘭語",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
],
"id": "zh-реформа-uk-noun-GjZSlSOw"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Uk-реформа.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/Uk-реформа.ogg/Uk-реформа.ogg.mp3",
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"raw_tags": [
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],
"tags": [
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"inanimate"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
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"俄語無生名詞",
"俄語詞元",
"俄語陰性名詞",
"有5個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "refórma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рмы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рмы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рм",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"related": [
{
"roman": "reformátor",
"word": "реформа́тор"
},
{
"roman": "reformacija",
"word": "реформация"
},
{
"roman": "reformírovatʹ",
"word": "реформи́ровать"
},
{
"roman": "doreformennyj",
"word": "дореформенный"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ru-реформа.ogg",
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"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ru-реформа.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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],
"tags": [
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"inanimate"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
"哈薩克語名詞",
"哈薩克語詞元",
"有5個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自俄語的哈薩克語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的哈薩克語詞",
"派生自法語的哈薩克語詞",
"源自俄語的哈薩克語借詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "reformalau",
"word": "реформалау"
},
{
"roman": "reformalauşy",
"word": "реформалаушы"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自俄語 рефо́рма (refórma)，來自法語 réforme，來自拉丁語 reformo。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "哈薩克語",
"lang_code": "kk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪˈformə]"
}
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語名詞",
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語詞元",
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語陰性名詞",
"有5個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "rèfōrma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
"有5個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"烏克蘭語名詞",
"烏克蘭語無生名詞",
"烏克蘭語詞元",
"烏克蘭語陰性名詞"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "refórma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рми",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефо́рм",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "烏克蘭語",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Uk-реформа.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/30/Uk-реформа.ogg/Uk-реформа.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Uk-реформа.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
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]
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
{
"categories": [
"有5個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"標題行有紅鏈的馬其頓語名詞",
"馬其頓語名詞",
"馬其頓語詞元",
"馬其頓語陰性名詞"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "reforma",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "реформски",
"tags": [
"relational",
"adjective"
]
}
],
"lang": "馬其頓語",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"改革"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
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}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "реформа"
}
Download raw JSONL data for реформа meaning in All languages combined (4.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-19 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.