See референдум on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "保加利亞語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "保加利亞語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "保加利亞語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "保加利亞語",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-bg-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "哈薩克語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "哈薩克語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "哈薩克語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自俄語的哈薩克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的哈薩克語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自俄語的哈薩克語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 рефере́ндум (referéndum)，源自拉丁語 referendum。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "哈薩克語",
"lang_code": "kk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-kk-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪfʲɪˈrʲendʊm]"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吉爾吉斯語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吉爾吉斯語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "吉爾吉斯語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自俄語的吉爾吉斯語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的吉爾吉斯語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自俄語的吉爾吉斯語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 рефере́ндум (referéndum)，源自拉丁語 referendum。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "رەفەرەندۇم",
"raw_tags": [
"阿拉伯字母拼寫"
]
}
],
"lang": "吉爾吉斯語",
"lang_code": "ky",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-ky-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪfʲɪˈrʲendʊm]"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "馬其頓語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "馬其頓語",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-mk-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語無生名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "俄語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "雅庫特語",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "referendum",
"word": "референдум"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндума",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有使用例的俄語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"roman": "ustróitʹ (provestí) referéndum",
"text": "устро́ить (провести́) рефере́ндум",
"translation": "举行公民投票"
}
],
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-ru-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ru-референдум.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/Ru-референдум.ogg/Ru-референдум.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ru-референдум.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referèndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-sh-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/referěndum/"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語無生名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "烏克蘭語陽性名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндуму",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндуми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "烏克蘭語",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-uk-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有8個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自俄語的雅庫特語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自俄語的雅庫特語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "雅庫特語 政治",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "雅庫特語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "雅庫特語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 референдум (referendum)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "雅庫特語",
"lang_code": "sah",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
],
"id": "zh-референдум-sah-noun-FRG7wkJh"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"俄語 政治",
"俄語名詞",
"俄語無生名詞",
"俄語詞元",
"俄語陽性名詞",
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "雅庫特語",
"lang_code": "sah",
"roman": "referendum",
"word": "референдум"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндума",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумов",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "俄語",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有使用例的俄語詞"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
20,
30
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
33
]
],
"roman": "ustróitʹ (provestí) referéndum",
"text": "устро́ить (провести́) рефере́ндум",
"translation": "举行公民投票"
}
],
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "Ru-референдум.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/bf/Ru-референдум.ogg/Ru-референдум.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ru-референдум.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"保加利亞語 政治",
"保加利亞語名詞",
"保加利亞語詞元",
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "保加利亞語",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"吉爾吉斯語 政治",
"吉爾吉斯語名詞",
"吉爾吉斯語詞元",
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自俄語的吉爾吉斯語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的吉爾吉斯語詞",
"源自俄語的吉爾吉斯語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 рефере́ндум (referéndum)，源自拉丁語 referendum。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "رەفەرەندۇم",
"raw_tags": [
"阿拉伯字母拼寫"
]
}
],
"lang": "吉爾吉斯語",
"lang_code": "ky",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪfʲɪˈrʲendʊm]"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"哈薩克語 政治",
"哈薩克語名詞",
"哈薩克語詞元",
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自俄語的哈薩克語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的哈薩克語詞",
"源自俄語的哈薩克語借詞"
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 рефере́ндум (referéndum)，源自拉丁語 referendum。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "哈薩克語",
"lang_code": "kk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[rʲɪfʲɪˈrʲendʊm]"
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語 政治",
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語名詞",
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語詞元",
"塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語陽性名詞",
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referèndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/referěndum/"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"烏克蘭語 政治",
"烏克蘭語名詞",
"烏克蘭語無生名詞",
"烏克蘭語詞元",
"烏克蘭語陽性名詞"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referéndum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндуму",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндуми",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "рефере́ндумів",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "烏克蘭語",
"lang_code": "uk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/03/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav/LL-Q8798_(ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q8798 (ukr)-Tohaomg-референдум.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"派生自俄語的雅庫特語詞",
"源自俄語的雅庫特語借詞",
"雅庫特語 政治",
"雅庫特語名詞",
"雅庫特語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "借自俄語 референдум (referendum)。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "雅庫特語",
"lang_code": "sah",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"word": "референдум"
}
{
"categories": [
"有8個詞條的頁面",
"有詞條的頁面",
"馬其頓語 政治",
"馬其頓語名詞",
"馬其頓語詞元",
"馬其頓語陽性名詞"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "referendum",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "馬其頓語",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"公民投票，公投"
]
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "референдум"
}
Download raw JSONL data for референдум meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-07-19 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-07-01 using wiktextract (45c4a21 and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.