genu

原始印歐語詞
 *ǵónu
借自 拉丁語 genu (“knee”).


brachial plexus

With the knuckles of my right hand I struck him in his brachial plexus.

2022, Percival Everett, Dr. No, Influx Press (2023)，頁號 142:


eminence

源自古法語 eminence，源自拉丁語 ēminēntia (“卓越，显赫”)。


fovea

源自拉丁語 fovea (“洞，坑”)。

foveas (plural)
foveae (plural)
foveæ (plural)


artery

晚期中古英語 arterie，借自古法語 artaire和拉丁語 artēria (“气管；动脉”)，源自古希臘語 ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (artēríā, “气管；动脉”)。

As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn’t entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.

2013 July–August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke”, 出自 American Scientist, 卷 101, 號 4, →DOI，頁號 292:


capillary

源自拉丁語 capillāris (“与毛发有关的”)，源自capillus (“头发”)，源自caput (“头”)。

/ˈkæpɪˌlɛɹi/

/ˈkæpɪˌlɛɹi/


jejunum

源自拉丁語 iēiūnum，iēiūnus的中性形。


hiatus

借自拉丁語 hiātus (“缺口，开口”)（16世纪中叶），源自hiō (“开着，打哈欠”)。

Hiatus aorticus is an opening in the diaphragm through which aorta and thoracic duct pass.


prostate

源自中古法語 prostate，源自中世紀拉丁語 prostata，源自古希臘語 προστάτης (prostátēs, “站在前面的人，守衛”)。

prostate gland

前列腺，攝護腺 （自1646年）

前列腺，攝護腺 （自1646年）


lobe

16世紀前葉從中古法語 lobe借入，源自新拉丁語 lobus，源自古希臘語 λοβός (lobós, “耳垂；肝葉；豆莢”)。

葉（尤指肝葉，腦葉，肺葉等）[自16世纪]

The yawning gap in neuroscientists’ understanding of their topic is in the intermediate scale of the brain’s anatomy. Science has a passable knowledge of how individual nerve cells, known as neurons, work. It also knows which visible lobes and ganglia of the brain do what. But how the neurons are organised in these lobes and ganglia remains obscure.

2013年August3日, “The machine of a new soul”, 出自 The Economist, 卷 408, 期 8847:


rectum

源自新拉丁語 rectum，拉丁語 rectum intestinum (字面意思是“直的腸子”)的截斷、rectum、rectus (“直”)的中性形。參見right。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-rectum.wav


portal

the portal vein


nasal

繼承自中古英語，派生自中世紀拉丁語 nāsālis，源自nāsus (“鼻子”) + -ālis (形容詞後綴)。nasalis的同源對似詞。

more nasal (comparative)
most nasal (superlative)

Reindeer are well suited to the taiga’s frigid winters. They can maintain a thermogradient between body core and the environment of up to 100 degrees, in part because of insulation provided by their fur, and in part because of counter-current vascular heat exchange systems in their legs and nasal passages.

馴鹿非常適合針葉林寒冷的冬天。 它們可以在身體核心和環境之間保持高達100度的溫度梯度，部分原因是它們的皮毛提供的隔絕性，部分原因是它們的腿和鼻通道中的逆流血管熱交換系統。

2013 March, Nancy Langston, “Mining the Boreal North”, 出自 American Scientist, 卷 101, 期 2，頁號 98:


abductor

外展肌 （17世紀早期）

the abductor oculi draws the eye outward.


Eustachian tube

以意大利科學家巴托羅梅奧·埃烏斯塔基奧（Bartolomeo Eustachi）命名。


abduct

派生自拉丁語 abductus，abduco (“帶走”)的完成被動分詞，源自 ab (“遠離”) + duco (“帶領”)。
* (生理學)： abduction 的逆構詞。

使外展 （17世紀早期）


decidua

來自拉丁語 dēciduus (“falling down or off”)，來自dēcidō (“墜落”)。


cloaca

借自拉丁語 cloāca (“下水道”)，來自cluō (“潔淨”)。

Across this shell [sc. of bone] small holes are eaten, by which the matter escapes, and which are called cloacae (Weidmann).

1846, Joseph François Malgaigne, 譯者 Frederick Brittan, Manual of Operative Surgery，頁號 172:


culminate

自1647年起可考，源自中世紀拉丁語 culminatus，culminare (“给...加冕”)的过去分词，源自拉丁語 culmen (“顶点”)，早期形式columen (“顶峰”)，源自原始意大利語 *kolamen，源自原始印歐語词根*kol-, *kelH- (“展现；顶”)，其亦派生出英語 hill和holm。


follicle

He could feel the follicles in his inner ear go crazy.

1996, Janette Turner Hospital, Oyster, Virago Press, paperback edition, p. 345,


frenulum

借自新拉丁語 frēnulum。


forefinger

/ˈfɔːˌfɪŋ.ɡə/

/ˈfɔɹˌfɪŋ.ɡɚ/

He touched me on the arm with his forefinger twice or thrice giving a ghastly nod each time:- […]


helix

來自拉丁語 helix，來自古希臘語 ἕλιξ (hélix, “盤繞或螺旋的東西”)。

helix piercing


lingam

古典借詞，源自梵語 लिङ्गम् (liṅgam, लिङ्ग (liṅga, “標誌，標記；陰莖”)的主格單數)。

當用於“陰莖”時，主要見於含有印度教、阿育吠陀、怛特羅、瑜珈的語境下，或譯自梵語的文章。

罕用和/或委婉；參見[[#使用說明]]

Once both partners have felt the connection it is up to the woman to give the signal that permission to enter has been granted. She may whisper her invitation to enter, use her hands to guide his lingam, or press against him, causing his lingam to open her.

2013, Anaiya Sophia, Sacred Sexual Union: The Alchemy of Love, Power, and Wisdom, Rochester: Inner Traditions, →ISBN, →OCLC, →ISBN:

He still enjoys a tumble with her now as much as when they were youngsters, his voice cracking and his lingam a sprout that seemed never to get soft.

2008, John Speed, Tiger Claws: A Novel of India, New York: St. Martin's Press, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁號 139, →ISBN:

When the sages saw the great god Siva so haggard and sad, they treated him with scorn and saluted him only with bent heads.
Sica:Template:SIC, tired and weary, asked only for "alms". Thus the god went about begging along the roads of Darauvanam.
As the women looked at him, they felt a pang in their heart. Their minds were perturbed and their hearts agitated by the sensations of love. They forsook the beds of the sages and followed Siva.
As the sages saw their wives following Siva, they pronounced a curse upon him;
"May his lingam fall to the ground."

1993, Hilton Hotema, Son of Perfection, Pomeroy, Washington: Health Research, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁號 50, →ISBN:

I gaze into the starry void, into Dominique’s eyes, into the blackness behind my own sealed eyelids as her lips envelop my lingam, and I feel a feedback channel opening between this creature of obsession and the dormant natural man.

2011, Norman Spinrad, The Void Captain's Tale, United Kingdom: Orion, →ISBN, →ISBN:


neurohumoral

神经介质的，神经体液的，神经（和）激素的


perineum

借自晚期拉丁語 perinaeum，源自古希臘語 περίναιον (perínaion, “肛門和陰囊之間的空間”)，源自古希臘語 περίνεος, περίνεοι (períneos, períneoi, “男性生殖器”)，源自早期古希臘語 περίς (perís, “陰莖”)，源自古希臘語 πηρίς (pērís, “陰囊”)。

He was attacked with complete retention of urine, after a debauch, and six weeks afterwards an abscess formed in the perineum, which eventually burst, leaving a fistulous opening, through which the urine continued to be discharged to the period of his admission into the Hospital.

在一次放蕩之後，他出現完全尿瀦留，六週後會陰部形成膿腫，膿腫最終破裂，留下一個瘻管口，尿液經由該口繼續排出，直到他入院期間。

1827, Guy's Hospital: Case of Fistula in Perineo, Successfully Treated: The Lancet, 卷 12，頁號 61:

The prostate is surrounded by venous plexi and the perineum has a rich blood supply.

前列腺周圍有靜脈叢，會陰部有豐富的血液供應。

2005, Brian J. Moran, “27: Using the perineal pressure applicator device”, 出自 Basic and Advanced Techniques in Prostate Brachytherapy，頁號 251:

The perineum is diamond shaped and stretches from the pubic symphysis to the coccyx.

會陰呈菱形，從恥骨部聯合延伸至尾骨。

2011, Ian Lyons, Biomedical Science: Lecture Notes，頁號 371:


punctate

源自拉丁語 punctum (“點”)。參見 point 和 punctuate。

more punctate (comparative)
most punctate (superlative)

Head and pronotum densely punctate and predominantly opaque, punctures on upper half of head mostly contiguous and without extensive shiny interspaces […]
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

Keys to the Nearctic species of Pseudomyrmex


hymen

來自法語 hymen，源自古希臘語 ὑμήν (humḗn, “皮，膜”)。


scrotum

非同化借詞，源自拉丁語 scrōtum。

The female labia majora are homologous to the male scrotum.

女性大陰唇與男性陰囊同源。


armpit

來自中古英語 armpitt、arme-pitt、armput，等同於arm + pit。
(令人不快的事物)：大概是指胳肢窩下的體味。


sartorius

來自拉丁語 sartor (“裁縫，縫補者”) + -ius。


nare

There is a Machiavelian plot, / Tho' ev'ry nare olfact it not;

1663, Hudibras, by Samuel Butler, part 1, canto 1


vastus

源自拉丁語 vastus (“巨大的”)。vast的同源對似詞。


trigeminal

來自拉丁語 trigeminus (“三重的，三種的”) + -al，等同於tri- + geminal。trigeminus的同源對似詞。


clitoral glans

clitoral glans (plural)
clitoral glandes (plural)


glans penis

直接取自拉丁語 glans penis (“陰莖頭”)，penis 在這裡為屬格用法。

glans penises (plural)
glans penes (plural)
glandes penium (plural)

The clitoral glans is homologous to the glans penis, so they look alike.

陰蒂頭和龜頭是同源的，所以它們外觀相似。


trapezium

最早記錄出現在1570年，古典借詞，源自晚期拉丁語 trapezium，源自古希臘語 τραπέζιον (trapézion, “不規則四邊形的”, 字面意思是“小桌子”)，τράπεζα (trápeza, “桌子”)的指小詞。trapeze的同源對似詞。


virginal membrane

因性交時這層膜容易被破壞，使人聯想成為處女獨有的特徵，故名。


basinasal

連接顱底點和鼻根或與其相關的


tablier

某些非洲女性被撐大的小陰唇


thyroid gland

源自新拉丁語 glandula thyreoidea，1656年由英國醫生托馬斯·華頓所造。


palatine uvula

palatine uvulas (plural)
palatine uvulae (plural)


vermiform appendix

vermiform appendices (plural)
vermiform appendixes (plural)


Fallopian tube

起於18世紀；源自Fallopius (意大利醫生及解剖學家加布里瓦·法羅皮奧之姓氏的拉丁化，他是最早描述該結構的人) + -an + tube（音譯自意大利語 tuba）。


salpinx

借自新拉丁語 salpinx。


myometrium

myo- + 晚期拉丁語 metrium (“子宮”)，源自古希臘語 μήτριον (mḗtrion, “母親的”)。


vas deferens

源自新拉丁語 vās dēferēns，源自vās (“管道”) + dēferēns (dēferō (“拿走”) 的現在主動分詞)。


punctum

Thus, from what has been stated, we see that neither the white puncta nor the minute white branchwork of lines were ever tubular.

1861, The Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Zoology, Botany, and Geology:


intrahepatic

/ˌɪntɹəhəˈpætɪk/


deltoid

源自拉丁語 deltoideus，源自古希臘語形容詞 δελτοειδής (deltoeidḗs)。參見δέλτα (délta)。


thenar

源自古希臘語 θέναρ (thénar)。


submaxillary

submaxillary saliva

submaxillary mucin


balano-

源自拉丁語 balanus，源自古希臘語 βάλανος (bálanos)。


sclera

借自古希臘語 σκληρός (sklērós, “硬的”)。

scleras (plural)
sclerae (plural)
scleræ (plural)

She'd been back a week and it was clear that college-level track was kicking her ass, the sclera in her normally wide manga-eyes were shot through with blood vessels.

2007, Junot Diaz, The Brief Wondrous Life of Oscar Wao:

Such pressures explain why humans are peculiar in having our rather small irises set against a white background—the sclera—in our eyes. Anyone watching us can infer where we are looking or whom we are looking at.

2016, Joseph Henrich, 章號 13, 出自 The Secret of Our Success […] , Princeton: Princeton University Press, →ISBN:


angulus

借自拉丁語 angulus (“角”)。angle的同源對似詞。


abductive

展肌的 （19世紀中葉）