worn out

more worn out (comparative)
most worn out (superlative)

That old tractor is worn out.

那個舊拖拉機已經破爛不堪了。

That concertina was a wonder in its way. The handles that was on it first was wore out long ago, and he'd made new ones of braided rope yarn. And the bellows was patched in more places than a cranberry picker's overalls.

1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, 章號 8, 出自 Mr. Pratt's Patients:

I was worn out after all that work.

幹完那項工作，我已經筋疲力盡。

That game was fun, but now I'm all worn out.

那個遊戲很好玩，但是現在我已經玩累了。


slur

來自中古英語 sloor (“稀泥”)。與中古低地德語 sluren (“走在泥裡”)同源。與方言挪威語 sløra (“草率，不上心”)、丹麥語 sløre (“搖晃，鬆垮”)有關；對比古諾爾斯語 slóðra (“慢吞吞地走”)。

a racial slur


slur

to slur syllables;  He slurs his speech when he is drunk.

音節發音不清楚；他喝醉的時候說話含糊不清

Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.

2014年April21日, “Subtle effects”, 出自 The Economist, 卷 411, 期 8884:


sharpen

源自中古英語 scharpenen、scharpnen，等同於sharp + -en。

削尖，磨鋒利； 加強，加重

to sharpen a pencil or a knife or a musical note

The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives.[…]who, if anyone, is policing their use. Such concerns were sharpened further by the continuing revelations about how the US National Security Agency (NSA) has been using algorithms to help it interpret the colossal amounts of data it has collected from its covert dragnet of international telecommunications.

2013年July26日, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 卷 189, 期 7，頁號 26:


turn over

Turn over the box and look at the bottom.

把盒子翻轉過來，看看它的底部。

They turned over the evidence to the authorities.

They can turn over about three hundred units per hour.

他們每小時能完成三百個單元。

The business turned over £1m last year.

去年這項生意產生了100萬英鎊的利潤。

The Giants didn't turn the ball over in their last four games.

在最後四場比賽中，巨人隊都沒有放棄控球。

I've turned over the whole place, but I still can't find my glasses.

我翻遍了整塊地方，都沒能找到我的眼鏡。

Thieves turned over the apartment while the owners were away on holiday.

趁著房主度假，竊賊們翻亂了整個公寓。


upside down

早期up so down的變體，源自中古英語 up-so-doun、upsedowne、upsadowne (“翻轉，顛倒”)，等同於up + so + down。

The Union flag was flying upside down, a sign of danger.

英國國旗上下顛倒地掛著，這是危險的信號。

For, suddenly, I saw you there / And through foggy London town / The sun was shining upside down!

1937, “A Foggy Day (In London Town)”, Ira Gershwin 作詞, George Gershwin 作曲:

The thief had turned the room upside down.


upside down

The pattern resembled an upside down letter W.

這個圖案像顛倒的字母W。

He's upside down on his mortgage.


aahing

the oohings and aahings of the crowd


surreal number

1974年由高德納在其小說 Surreal Numbers: How Two Ex-Students Turned on to Pure Mathematics and Found Total Happiness 中提出。此概念後來由英國數學家約翰·何頓·康威應用在對圍棋博弈論的研究中。最初康威只稱其為 numbers，但在1976年的 On Numbers and Games 中採用了高德納的用詞。

Conway's construction of surreal numbers relies on the use of transfinite induction.

康威對超現實數的建構基於超限歸納法的使用。

Conway's approach was to build numbers from scratch using a construction inspired by his game theory research; the resulting class of surreal numbers proved much larger than the class of real numbers.

ISBN 9780521312059

The class² of surreal numbers is defined inductively, together with an order relation on surreal numbers wich is also defined inductively:
#*:: • A surreal number X=(X_L,X_R) consists of two sets X_L and X_R of surreal numbers, such that no element from X_L is greater than any element from X_R.
#*:: • A surreal number Y=(Y_L,Y_R) is greater than another surreal number X=(X_L,X_R), X<Y, if and only if
#*::: − there is no x∈X_L such that Y<x, and
#*::: − there is no y∈Y_R such that y<X.

2012, Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg, Anton Setzer, A Finite Axiomatisation of Inductive-Inductive Definitions, Ulrich Berger, Hannes Diener, Peter Schuster, Monika Seisenberger (editors), Logic, Construction, Computation, Ontos Verlag, page 263,

Here we shall follow Conway's exposition rather closely. Let L and R be two sets of numbers. Assume that no member of L is greater than or equal to any member of R. Then L|R is a surreal number. All surreal numbers are constructed in this fashion.

2018, Steven G. Krantz, Essentials of Mathematical Thinking, Taylor & Francis (Chapman & Hall/CRC Press), page 247,


surreality

And when he goes to greet his mother the surreality of it all stares him in the face: in two years she's turned into a little old lady.

2008, Preeta Samarasan, Evening is the Whole Day, Fourth Estate，頁號 227:

The surreality of the crash scene dawned upon him only when he saw a holy figure in the smoke.

看起來超現實的；超現實的存在、事件或其他事實。

The surrealities of life are the paradoxes thereof.


abso-fucking-lutely

more abso-fucking-lutely (comparative)
most abso-fucking-lutely (superlative)

Are you ready? – Abso-fucking-lutely!


powder snow

Expert skiers love skiing on powder snow.

滑雪高手喜歡在細雪上滑雪。


double bass

Voice of a double bass, or simply, a double bass.


at a time

He manages to abstain from smoking for weeks at a time, but then gives in and starts again.

他每次會有幾個星期不抽煙，但之後又會復吸。

climb stairs two at a time

The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track.[…]Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年）, Winston Churchill, 章號 IV, 出自 The Celebrity: An Episode, 紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC，頁號s 58–59:


helluva

hell of a的合音，以書面形式寫出。

We had a helluva good time at the party.

我們在聚會上玩得很開心。


stringed

The violin is a stringed instrument but without frets.

小提琴是一種無品的弦樂器。


archipelagic

more archipelagic (comparative)
most archipelagic (superlative)

/ɑːkɪpəˈlædʒɪk/

Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state.

印度尼西亞是世界上最大的群島國家。


agnostic

由托馬斯·亨利·赫胥黎在1870年造出。源自古希臘語 ἄγνωστος (ágnōstos, “無知的，不知道的”)，或源自a- + Gnostic，派生自古希臘語 ἀ- (a-, “不”) + γιγνώσκω (gignṓskō, “知道”)。

more agnostic (comparative)
most agnostic (superlative)

In matters of the intellect do not pretend that conclusions are certain which are not demonstrated or demonstrable. That I take to be the agnostic faith, which if a man keep whole and undefiled, he shall not be ashamed to look the universe in the face, whatever the future may have in store for him.

His agnostic viewpoint is summarized in his book.

他的不可知論觀點在著作中得到總結。

She left the church when she became agnostic.

她開始懷疑神的存在後，便退出了教會。

無關的，不依賴的，中立的，獨立的

The socket communications layer is agnostic with regard to its underlying transport mechanism -- it is “transport-agnostic”.

套接字通信層與其底層的傳輸機制無關——它是“傳輸獨立”的。

對事情沒有堅定立場/意見的

I'm agnostic on whether ethanol is a green fuel.

我不清楚乙醇到底是不是綠色燃料。

He says he's agnostic concerning the Secretary's claims.

他說對於國務卿的聲明，他不知道如何評論。


avenger

an avenger of blood


scotch

源自中古英語 scocchen (“剪切”)，可能源自盎格魯-諾曼語 escocher (“砍，切”)，源自es- (程度加强前缀)（源自拉丁語 ex-）+ 古法語 coche (“切”)。与Scotch无关。

（防止轮子等物移动的）阻挡物

He was like the scotch in the smooth, happy machinery of the home. And he was always aware of this fall of silence on his entry, the shutting off of life, the unwelcome.

1913, D.H. Lawrence, Sons and Lovers, chapter 4

a scotch for a wheel or a log on inclined ground


scotch

The rain scotched his plans of going to the beach.

下雨让他去海滩的计划泡汤了。

The prime minister scotched rumors of his resignation.

首相否认了他要辞职的传言。

The workers stopped the rig on an incline and scotched the wheels.

The pantechnicon was running away. It had perceived the wrath to come and was fleeing. Its guardians had evidently left it imperfectly scotched or braked, and it had got loose.

1911, Arnold Bennett, The Card: A Story of Adventure in the Five Towns, London: Methuen Publishing, OCLC 492063506; republished Toronto, Ont.: William Briggs, 1910s, OCLC 225424669, page 69:


foreign body

The foreign body stuck inside the dog's stomach turned out to be a bottle cap.

卡在狗胃裡的異物原來是瓶蓋。


-ic

構成形容詞，表示“……的”、“與……有關的”、“受……影響的”、“……式的”。

Aaron → Aaronic


incent

在《美國當代英語語料庫》（COCA）中，不及 incentivize 常用。
對於個人行動上，比 incentivize 稍用得多。

刺激，激勵，鼓勵（人或組織）。

We need to incent people to innovate more.

我們需要鼓勵人們更多地創新。

We try to incent people to do it earlier, which levels the load.

2007年February24日, Damon Darlin, “At Intuit, What Comes After Taxes?”, 出自 New York Times:

incent investors to manage assets with a long-term perspective

2010年June24日, Al Gore and David Blood, “Toward Sustainable Capitalism”, 出自 Wall Street Journal:

給……（事物）以刺激，激勵。

We need to incent more innovation.

我們需要激勵出更多的創新。

DUNCAN: The more we can reward excellence, the more we can incent excellence, the more we can get our best teachers to work in those hard to staff schools

2009年January13日, Arne Duncan, “Duncan Lays Out Positions in Confirmation Hearing”, 出自 WBEZ Chicago Public Radio:


win over

If the truth doesn't win him over, perhaps charm will.

如果真相無法說服他，或許魅力可以。

Despite his ill-fated spell at Anfield, he received a warm reception from the same Liverpool fans he struggled to win over before being sacked midway through last season.

2012年April22日, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, 出自 BBC Sport:

For trains to play a major role in reducing carbon and other pollutants through modal shift, the railway will have to do more to win over the growing proportion of non-captive passengers who will have the choice of whether or not to use rail over other modes.

2021年July14日, Anthony Lambert, “Grand designs on superior interiors”, 出自 RAIL, 期 935，頁號 49:


supplicate

借自拉丁語 supplicat-，supplicō的分詞詞幹，源自sub- + plicō (“彎曲”)。

to supplicate blessings on Christian efforts to spread the gospel

為基督徒傳播福音的努力祈求祝福

to supplicate the Deity


allow for

The problem is that they didn't allow for the extra centimetre of overlap, so it didn't fit correctly.

问题是他们没有将重叠部分多出来的厘米计算在内，所以它不合适。


-ible

構成形容詞，表示“可……的”“能……的”。

access → accessible

構成名詞，表示“可……的事物”。

foible


-ation

繼承自中古英語 -acioun, -acion，派生自古法語 acion, -ation，派生自拉丁語 -ātiō，{m|la|-tiō}}的替代形式（同 -tion）。

accumulation

exhilaration


-ade

借自西班牙語 -ado，派生自拉丁語 -ata（-atum 的陰性形式）。

表示由特定水果製成的飲料。

lemonade, limeade, orangeade


-ability

議程自中古英語 -ablete, -iblete, -abilite, -ibilite，借自中古法語 -ableté, -ibleté, -abilité, -ibilité，派生自拉丁語 -abilitas, -ibilitas，源自 -abilis (“能夠”) 或 -ibilis (“能夠”) + -tas。等價於 -able + -ity。和 ability 沒有詞源上的關係。

構成名詞，表示「能力」、「可能性」、「傾向性」、「適宜性」。

adapt → adaptability

accept → acceptability


self-encrypting

a self-encrypting hard disk


touch up

Use a small brush to touch up the paint anywhere it is uneven.

用小刷子来小修一下油漆上不均匀的地方。

The creep was trying to touch up my girlfriend.

那个变态想猥亵我的女朋友。


abscessed

more abscessed (comparative)
most abscessed (superlative)

膿腫的、生膿瘡的 （首次記錄於19世紀中期）

The sore was abscessed and filled with pus.


viulu

Kuka maksaa viulut?


storyline

story + line
氣候科學義在2014年 IPCC 第三工作組第五次會議上提出。

That film had a wonderful storyline, but the poor acting let it down.

那部電影故事情節很棒，但是表演太差，拉低觀感。


take root

takes root
taking root
took root
taken root

Those tulip bulbs have taken root.

這些鬱金香的鱗莖已經生根了。

The new regulations have yet to take root.

You have of late stood out against your brother, and he hath ta'en you newly into his grace; where it is impossible you should take true root but by the fair weather that you make yourself: it is needful that you frame the season for your own harvest.

1599, Much Ado About Nothing, by William Shakespeare, Act 1 Scene 3


above-board

/əˈbʌvˌbɔɹd/

光明正大的，合法公正的 （首次記錄於16世紀晚期。）

Fair and aboveboard.

Nothing illegal about any of this to my knowledge. Indeed, this is the very above-board racket of running an independent political committee. Everyone does it. Left, right, center and none of the above. And anyway, why shouldn't a true pay-triot get paid?

2013年May15日, Stephen Lemons, “Joe Arpaio's Fave Pay-triot John Philip Sousa IV Fires Back, Makes Bank Off Peddling Joe”, 出自 Phoenix New Times，於2019-03-11歸檔自原頁面:

Over the weekend, Android owners were displeased to discover that Facebook had been scraping their text-message and phone-call metadata, in some cases for years, an operation hidden in the fine print of a user agreement clause until Ars Technica reported. Facebook was quick to defend the practice as entirely aboveboard—small comfort to those who are beginning to realize that, because Facebook is a free service, they and their data are by necessity the products.

2018年March26日, Maya Kosoff, “Zuckerberg hits users with the hard truth: You agreed to this”, 出自 Vanity Fair:


gain ground

比喻，暗示像軍事獲得版圖一樣。

gains ground
gaining ground
gained ground

No matter how hard I try, I don't seem to be gaining ground.

不管我怎樣努力嘗試，似乎都沒有進展。

Team Red has gained ground on Team Blue since October.

十月以來，紅隊一直要優於藍隊。


city hall

/ˈsɪtɪ ˌhɔːl/

The vice-mayor has an office on the third floor of city hall.

副市長的辦公室在市政廳三樓。

You can't fight city hall.


archduke

源自中古法語 archeduc（現代法語 archiduc），源自拉丁語 archidux。等同於arch- + duke。

World War I traditionally started with the assassination of Archduke Francis (Franz) Ferdinand.

傳統上以暗殺弗朗茨·斐迪南大公作為第一次世界大戰的開始。


thence

源自古英語 þanon + 副詞屬格詞尾-es，前者源自一原始日耳曼語詞根 *þan-。與威斯特伐利亞低地德語diëne同源。

I came thence.

Cross fix at 6000 feet, thence descend to 3000 feet and fly direct to MAP (missed approach point).

Prospero

From this we can find the characteristic roots b_1 and b_2 and thence proceed to the remaining steps of the solution process.

2005, Alpha Chiang and Kevin Wainwright, Fundamental Methods of Mathematical Economics (4th ed.), McGraw-Hill International, p. 605


run for it

runs for it
running for it
ran for it
run for it

Quick! We'd better run for it! Someone is coming.

快！有人来了，我们得赶紧溜！

`Run for it!' I shouted, setting the example by starting up the cave as hard as my legs would carry me.

1887, H. Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure:


epiphany

源自中古英語 epiphanie，源自古法語 epyphanie，源自晚期拉丁語 epiphania，源自古希臘語 ἐπιφάνεια (epipháneia, “展示，突现”)，源自ἐπιφαίνω (epiphaínō, “出现，展示”)，源自ἐπί (epí, “之上”) + φαίνω (phaínō, “发光；出现”)。英语中Epiphany（基督教用法）自14世纪起有使用，一般用法出现于17世纪。

theophany

（神仙，超人等）降临，下凡，登场，显现

It came to her in an epiphany what her life's work was to be.

她一下子想明白了她这一生要做什么。

Instead of examining institutions and classes, structures of economic production and social control, one had to think about “moments”—moments of love, hate, poetry, frustration, action, surrender, delight, humiliation, justice, cruelty, resignation, surprise, disgust, resentment, self-loathing, pity, fury, peace of mind—those tiny epiphanies, Lefebvre said, in which the absolute possibilities and temporal limits of anyone's existence were revealed.

1989, Greil Marcus, Lipstick Traces, Faber & Faber, 出版於 2009:

But after spending most of my pocket money to get those developed, I had an epiphany: I was never going to be a professional photographer. My pictures were god-awful. I put the camera away.

2013, Chris Hadfield, 章號 11, 出自 An Astronaut's Guide to Life on Earth, Pan Macmillan, →ISBN:


stage fright

I did some guest-speaking at the middle school last year, and I experienced some stage fright before and during my first presentation.

我去年在中学作为嘉宾发言了，我的第一次演讲前和那期间都有点怯场。


yay

yea (“對；真的”)的變體。

Yay! I have finally finished my work!


yay

yea (“對；真的”)的變體。

The tree was yay big.


out of the blue

略自out of the clear blue sky，将出乎意料的事比喻为天上突然掉下东西。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-out of the blue.ogg

After I hadn’t heard from her in six months, she called me out of the blue to meet for lunch.

我和她没联系6个月后，她突然叫我一起去吃午餐。

I really can't understand how something like this could simply pop up out of the blue

我实在没法理解为什么这种东西能突然出现。


shake off

shakes off
shaking off
shook off
shaken off

抖掉，甩掉（身上或物體上粘附的東西）

The archaeologists shook off the dust that had fallen from the roof, and promptly continued their work.

考古學家甩掉從棚頂落到身上的塵土，馬上又開始工作。

Some rumors that the governor had smoked pot as a teenager were flying around, but he has finally managed to shake them off.

州長十幾歲時吸過大麻的傳聞滿天飛，不過他最後擺脫了這些謠言。

The police are chasing us! Quick, turn into that side street! We've got to shake them off.

警察在追我們！快點轉進那條小巷！我們要甩開他們。

I just can't shake off this cold.


amazon

源自Amazon，源自中古英語，源自拉丁語，源自古希臘語 Ἀμαζών (Amazṓn)。

Although the evidence for real Amazons is thin, women athletes are often dubbed amazons.

雖然真正的亞馬遜女戰士（Amazons）應當是身體纖瘦的，但女性運動員也常被起這樣的綽號（amazons）。


Yorke

源自古英語的姓氏，York 的變體

Thom Yorke sings in the band Radiohead.

湯姆·約克在 Radiohead 樂隊唱歌。


cross the Rubicon

指公元前49年1月10日，尤里烏斯·愷撒破除將領不得帶兵渡過盧比孔河的禁忌，帶兵進軍羅馬與格奈烏斯·龐培展開內戰。蘇埃托尼烏斯將愷撒的這種行為形容成是“木已成舟”（the die is cast；iacta ālea est）使得該短語的使用普及開來。

crosses the Rubicon
crossing the Rubicon
crossed the Rubicon

He knew that by coming out to his family he would be crossing the Rubicon but he could not live a lie anymore.

他知道向家人出櫃就像破釜沉舟，但他不願再隱瞞下去了。

Will China cross the Rubicon by sending its military to Hong Kong?

中國會破釜沉舟，向香港派兵嗎？

2019年August16日, Bonnie Girard, Battle-Ready: The PLA’s Hong Kong Garrison, The Diplomat:


come into effect

comes into effect
coming into effect
came into effect
come into effect

The new rules will come into effect on the first of January.

新規定將於1月1日起生效。


take effect

takes effect
taking effect
took effect
taken effect

The medication won't begin to take effect for 3-4 hours.

藥物3-4小時後才會開始起效。


Smirnoff

派生自俄語 Смирно́в (Smirnóv).

一份 Smirnoff（斯米諾／思美洛／思美洛夫）品牌的伏特加

I soon regretted drinking three Smirnoffs on an empty stomach.

我很快就後悔空腹喝了三杯斯米諾。


Rome wasn't built in a day

羅馬不是一日建成的；慢工出細活

I know this project is a big undertaking, but you need to have patience and be hopeful. Remember that Rome wasn't built in a day.

我知道這項計劃浩大，但你要有耐心、有希望。記住，慢工出細活。


high noon

noontime

（人的一生/某項活動/時代的）鼎盛時期

noontide

（人的一生/某項活動/時代的）鼎盛時期

有關 high noon 和 twelve o'clock high 之間的區別，參見 twelve o'clock § 使用說明。

The same streets that are inviting and quiet at high noon may be intimidating at night.

正午安靜祥和的街道，到了晚上也可以變得令人生畏。


one o'clock

用於十二小時制和十二四小時制

The bar closes at one o'clock.

The next train comes at one o'clock.

下一趟列車下午一點到達。

一點鐘方向；中間稍微偏右（水平），或稍微偏上（垂直）的方向

We've got a bogey at one o'clock.

我們一點鐘方向有架敵機。


two o'clock

用於十二小時制和十二四小時制

The bar closes at two o'clock.

The next train comes at two o'clock.

下一趟列車下午兩點到達。

兩點鐘方向；中間稍微偏右（水平），或稍微偏上（垂直）的方向

We've got a bogey at two o'clock.

我們兩點鐘方向有架敵機。


twelve o'clock

英語中，twelve o'clock high 和 high noon 雖然詞形相似，但意思和衍生上都有不同。前者意思為“正前方；正上方”，後者意為“正午，太陽正在頭頂方向時”。

用於十二小時制和二十四小時制

The bar closes at twelve o'clock.

The next train comes at twelve o'clock.

下一趟列車中午十二點到達。

正前方（水平時鐘方向）或上方（垂直時鐘方向）

We've got a bogey at twelve o'clock .


put a sock in it

可能源自一种捂住电唱机音响的粗暴方法。

puts a sock in it
putting a sock in it
put a sock in it

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-put a sock in it.ogg

He went on and on until I finally told him to put a sock in it.

他滔滔不绝没完没了，一直到我叫他住嘴。


armed

arm (“武裝，配備武器”) + -ed

more armed (comparative)
most armed (superlative)

配備有……的；（特指）武裝的，攜帶武器的；使用武力的

nuclear-armed


armed

有著……（數字或描述）手臂的

the four-armed creature.

the strong-armed man.

His shoulders broad and strong, / Armed long and round.

1634, attributed to John Fletcher and William Shakespeare, The Two Noble Kinsmen


smithereens

不详，有下列几种理论，但是这些来源词的最早可考时间均晚于该英语词的：
* 源自愛爾蘭語 smidiríní、smiodairíní，源自smiodar (“碎片”) + -ín (指小后缀) + -í（-aí (构成某些名词的复数的后缀)的缩短形式）。
* 源自smithers (“碎片；原子”)插入后缀-een (在爱尔兰英语中构成指小词的名词后缀)。
* 源自爱尔兰英语（韦克斯福德）smaddereen，smattering (“少量某物；浅显的知识”)的一个变体。

The urn shattered into smithereens the moment it hit the ground.

骨灰罐碰到地上后碎成无数的小片。


pull a fast one

pulls a fast one
pulling a fast one
pulled a fast one

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-pull a fast one.ogg

This isn't worth anything like what you paid them. I think they pulled a fast one on you.

这才不值你给他们的那么多钱，我觉得你被他们骗了。

President Bush today made his most aggressive assault yet on Gov. Bill Clinton, asserting that the Democratic nominee would "pull a fast one on the American people" and raise taxes by hundreds of billions of dollars.

1992年August7日, Andrew Rosenthal, “The 1992 Campaign: Bush Says Rival Would ‘Pull a Fast One’ Over Taxes”, 出自 New York Times, retrieved 2017-11-03:

The man known as Chainsaw Al pulled a fast one last week, buying three companies when everyone assumed he would be selling his own.

1998年March16日, Daniel Kadlec, “Is That You, Al Dunlap?”, 出自 Time, retrieved 2017-11-03:

7. Claimants are pulling a fast one. No. Less than 1% of the welfare budget is lost to fraud.

2013年April2日, Ricky Tomlinson, “10 lies we're told about welfare”, 出自 The Guardian, retrieved 2017-11-03:

But then came Jan. 6, when I watched my Ivy League-educated senator, Ted Cruz, try to pull yet another fast one on the American people as he fought — not long before the certification process was disrupted by a mob of Trump supporters storming the Capitol and forcing their way into the Senate chamber — to challenge the election results.

2021年January11日, Mimi Swartz, “Never Forget What Ted Cruz Did”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


show the ropes

shows the ropes
showing the ropes
showed the ropes
shown the ropes

教给...基础，帮...熟悉基础

When I got there, Bill showed me the ropes

我刚来的时候，Bill帮我指点了基础。

Bill showed the ropes to the new guy.

Bill给新人指点了基础。

Mr. Danzinger sent other roomers for Fonville to show the ropes.


uncultivable

more uncultivable (comparative)
most uncultivable (superlative)

uncultivable wasteland

uncultivable bacteria


broad bean

The term 'bean' originally referred to the seed of the broad bean.

“bean”這個詞原先指的是蠶豆的種子。


at length

He went on at length about his supposed qualifications.

他说那个所谓的资格说了好久。

She led us through the tunnels for some time, until at length we reached a small door in the rock.

她领着我们在隧道里走了好久，然后我们终于到了一处石头里的小门前。

How long I slept I cannot tell, for I had nothing to guide me to the time, but woke at length, and found myself still in darkness.

1898, J. Meade Falkner, 章號 4, 出自 Moonfleet:


dead last

That high-school football team only scored 18 points all year! No wonder they were dead last in the league.

那个高中足球队全年才进了18分！怪不得他们在联赛里是吊车尾。

And compared with Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and 14 European countries, the United States ranks dead last, with the highest death rate for people under age 75 from conditions that could have been treated or prevented with timely medical care.

2008 October, Mark Jenkins, “Need surgery? Call a travel agent”, 出自 Men's Health, 卷 23, 期 8, →ISSN，頁號 152:


hell no

heck no

表示坚决的否定：才不。绝不，才怪

hecks no

表示坚决的否定：才不。绝不，才怪

表示坚决的否定：才不。绝不，才怪

- Will you mow the lawn? - Hell no!

——你能去修草坪吗？——才不！

No, no, hell''' no. The true answer is that there is no one answer; […]

2012年March3日, Jon Evans, “Pair Programming Considered Harmful?”, 出自 TechCrunch，於2017-07-15歸檔自原頁面:


squalid

squalider (comparative)
squalidest (superlative)

A squalid attempt to buy votes.


squirt

源自中古英語 squirten、squyrten，源頭不明；可能是擬聲詞。類似swirl。對比低地德語 swirtjen。

Hey squirt! Where you been?

Hurd returns with Mal, Mr. Eph, and Gumbo, the “town squirt” of twelve, and the boys′ activities come out.

1986, Alethea Helbig, Agnes Perkins, Cutlass Island, entry in Dictionary of American Children′s Fiction, 1960-1984: Recent Books of Recognized Merit, page 137,

How the child managed to converse and fold at the same time was a marvel, yet the shirt lay in a tidy rectangle by the time she came up for air.

2010, Karen Witemeyer, A Tailor-Made Bride, Bethany House Publishers, US, page 66,

Excuse me, I need to take a squirt.

不好意思，我要去撒泡尿。


squirt

The toothpaste squirted from the tube.

His servants would stab a child in the jugular vein, and let the blood squirt over him.

1865, Sabine Baring-Gould, The Book of Werewolves, 2008, Forgotten Books, page 121,


self-rule

Britain resumed direct control of North Ireland after just nine weeks of self-rule.

僅僅自治九個星期後，英國就恢復了對北愛爾蘭的直接統治。


self-government

The radical party agitated for the region to secede from the confederation and establish self-government.

激進黨鼓吹該地區脫離聯邦自治。


goose egg

鵝蛋和阿拉伯數字零（0）均為橢圓形。

I missed every question on the quiz and got a goose egg.

考試的每道題我都做錯了，拿了個零蛋。


aid and abet

aids and abets
aiding and abetting
aided and abetted

是...的共犯，伙同...作案

A bank employee was accused of aiding and abetting the gang of robbers.

一银行职员被判为劫犯的共犯。


toilet bowl

These days, toilet bowls are most often of porcelain; however, one can find some of stainless steel, and even of resin or polymers.

現在，馬桶的材質主要是陶瓷；不過，也有的馬桶是不鏽鋼材質，甚至是用樹脂或者高分子聚合物做的。


hold a candle

可能源自学徒帮师傅拿蜡烛来帮其照明的习俗，而意指连这种简单的活都做不好的人毫无价值。

holds a candle
holding a candle
held a candle

能与...相提并论，望其项背

The old computer just doesn't hold a candle to the latest models.

老电脑和最新型号比望尘莫及。


unlaid

未放下的，未放置的 未被驅魔的

an unlaid egg

unlaid paving stones

The table was still unlaid, despite Mum asking us the kids to lay it five times.

雖然媽媽已經五次叫我們佈置好餐具了，但這張桌子上還沒佈置好。

未放下的，未放置的 沒有發生性行為的

an unlaid egg

unlaid paving stones

雖然媽媽已經五次叫我們佈置好餐具了，但這張桌子上還沒佈置好。

I've been unlaid since my boyfriend left me 5 months ago, so I'm desperate for a shag!

我和男朋友五個月前分手之後就沒做過了，所以現在我好饑渴！

未放下的，未放置的 （屍體）未準備好埋葬的

an unlaid egg

unlaid paving stones

雖然媽媽已經五次叫我們佈置好餐具了，但這張桌子上還沒佈置好。

未放下的，未放置的 未用平行線標記的

an unlaid egg

unlaid paving stones

雖然媽媽已經五次叫我們佈置好餐具了，但這張桌子上還沒佈置好。


beat around the bush

beats around the bush
beating around the bush
beaten around the bush

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-beat around the bush.ogg

Just stop beating around the bush and tell me what the problem is!

别拐弯抹角了，和我明说问题是什么！


have a ball

The kids had a ball playing in the fountain.

孩子们在喷泉中开心地嬉戏。

Are you hanging up a stocking on your wall? / It's the time that every Santa has a ball / Does he ride a red-nosed reindeer? / Does a ton up on his sleigh / Do the fairies keep him sober for a day?

1973, “Merry Xmas Everybody”, 演出者 Slade:

In my dreams I have a plan / If I got me a wealthy man / I wouldn't have to work at all, I'd fool around and have a ball

When the party was nice, the party was jumpin' / And everybody havin' a ball

1998, “Who Let the Dogs Out”, 演出者 Baha Men:

“Well, after they retired down here, they must have had a ball ordering anything and everything.”

2002, H.H. Fuller, It's a Wrap, Writers Club Press，頁號 72:

I hope you had a ball in effacing lives!

2006, Chrigel Glanzmann （作曲作詞）, “Your Gaulish War”, 出自 Spirit, 演出者 Eluveitie:

Yesterday was Thursday, Thursday / Today i-is Friday, Friday / We-we-we so excited / We so excited / We gonna have a ball today

2011, “Friday”, 演出者 Rebecca Black ft. Patrice Wilson:


thermonuclear

China detonated her first thermonuclear in June 1967.

1967年6月，中國第一顆氫彈爆炸成功。


luridness

The luridness of the author's descriptions turned off the critics.

作者描述之誇張使批評家們感到失望。


argh

模仿哭聲。大概從18世紀開始使用。

Argh! Itʼs already 7:15! Weʼre never gonna make it!

啊！已經七點十五分了！我們來不及了！


vaccinated

more vaccinated (comparative)
most vaccinated (superlative)

已接種疫苗的，已獲得疫苗保護效果的

I'll come and see you again once I'm fully vaccinated.

等我接種完疫苗了，我就會過來見你。


sign language

當地使用的手語，或被誤認為世界通用的手語。

I'm taking night classes to learn sign language.

There are some unique properties found in sign language compared to spoken language.

與口語相比，手語具有一些獨特的性質。


subvert

源自中古英語 subverten，源自古法語 subvertir，源自拉丁語 subvertō (“推翻”, 字面意思是“翻轉”)。

A dictator stays in power only as long as he manages to subvert the will of his people.

獨裁者只有使人民的意志背叛才能繼續掌權。


assent

源自中古英語 assent (名詞)。assenten (動詞)，源自古法語 assent (名詞)、assentir (動詞)。

I will give this act my assent.

A number of other mergers of U.S. railroads are mooted, but the I.C.C. [Interstate Commerce Commission] has made it clear that its assent to the N.& W.-Virginian proposal, which was unopposed by competitors or stockholders, should not be taken as an indication that others will swiftly pass its scrutiny.

1960 January, “Talking of Trains: N.& W.-Virginian merger”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，頁號 9:

He lowered his head in assent.

2014, Ian McEwan, The Children Act, Penguin Random House (2018)，頁號 128:


skinned

more skinned (comparative)
most skinned (superlative)

皮膚（或類似的外表層）損傷的；被剝除的

My skinned knuckles hurt until the scrape healed.

我的指關節擦破了皮，傷好之前一直疼痛。


warped

more warped (comparative)
most warped (superlative)

a warped sense of humour


cremation

借自拉丁語 cremātiō, cremātiōnis；等同於cremate + -ion。

/kɹɪˈmeɪʃən/

Cremation removes a significant amount of "closure" from the process of death.


in lieu of

部分仿譯自法語 au lieu de。

“鑑於”義就詞源上而言是不正確的，字面上就是in place of (“代替”)的意思。

They gave him a cash award, in lieu of the promised prize package.

他們給了他現金獎勵，而不是承諾的獎品。

In lieu of recent events, more caution is needed.

有鑑於最近發生的事件，我們需要更加謹慎。


instead of

來自中古英語 in stede of、in stude of，等價於in + stead + of。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 insteede、ansteede、西弗里斯蘭語 ynstee、德語 anstatt (von)、丹麥語 i stedet同源。

He walked to school instead of taking the car.

他走路去學校而不是坐車。

And he shall be thy spokesman unto the people: and he shall be, even he shall be to thee instead of a mouth, and thou shalt be to him instead of God.
#*:: 他要替你對百姓說話，你要以他當做口，他要以你當做神。


skyrocket

Athletes' use of herbal supplements has skyrocketed in the past two decades. At the top of the list of popular herbs are echinacea and ginseng, whereas garlic, St. John's wort, soybean, ephedra and others are also surging in popularity or have been historically prevalent.

2013年March3日, David S. Senchina, “Athletics and Herbal Supplements”, 出自 American Scientist, 卷 101, 期 2，頁號 134:

The shortage caused prices to skyrocket.


come out of the closet

comes out of the closet
coming out of the closet
came out of the closet
come out of the closet

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-come out of the closet.ogg

出櫃；公開自己過去保密的性取向、少數信仰或偏好

She finally came out of the closet to her religious family regarding her atheism.

她終於向她信教的家人們坦白自己無神論者的身份。

Now, we're coming out / Out of our closets / Out on the streets / Yeah, we're coming out

1972, Lou Reed （作曲作詞）, “Make Up”, 出自 Transformer:


dirty joke

The old woman left the concert because she was disgusted with the comedian's dirty jokes.

因為對台上喜劇演員講的葷段子反感，老太太離開了音樂會。


odontocete

Sperm whales and dolphins are odontocetes.


gooder

源自 good + -er (“比較級形容詞後綴”)。

另見具有平行結構的 oner，one 的名詞化形式，義思是「傑出的人或事務」。

You're a gooder, for taking care of your mom.

你照顧你媽媽，是個好人。


Standard English

Students with a pronounced Midland South dialect are required to take a course teaching them to speak and write in Standard English.

有米德蘭南部口音的學生需要參加課程來學習讀寫標準英語。

A debate rages on whether or not the singular they constitutes Standard English usage.

圍繞標準英語中是否接納“they”這個詞的單數用法，爆發了一場爭論。


Venusian

the Venusian landscape

a Venusian invasion


shoehorn

/ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n/

把……（強行）塞進，插入，擠入

I shoehorned his dozen burgeoning bags into the backseat of my tiny car, and off we went.

我把他那一堆脹鼓鼓的行李塞進我小車的後座，然後我們就出發了。

His staff want to shoehorn an extra stop into his already packed campaigning schedule.

他的工作人員想在已經排得滿滿的行程表中再多塞進一站。

A member of Mr Monti’s government admitted that, barring a hung parliament, it was impossible for the moment to see how Mr Monti could be shoehorned into politics after next spring.

2012, The Economist, Oct 13th 2012 issue, Italian politics: Who will be Italy’s next prime minister?

強行將某事與另一（不相干的）事物相關聯（尤其在其為謬誤時）

People claiming to be psychic may shoehorn an event into fulfillment of some vague past prediction.

聲稱自己是靈媒的人，可能會強行把某事與其過去作出的模糊預測相關聯。

After the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, fundamentalist Christian evangelists Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson shoehorned the events to their agenda. They claimed that "liberal civil liberties groups, feminists, homosexuals and abortion rights supporters bear partial responsibility...because their actions have turned [my] god's anger against America."

在2001年9月11日世貿中心和五角大樓遭受恐怖襲擊後，基督教原教旨主義福音派人士 Jerry Falwell 和 Pat Robertson 把這件事也提上了自己的議程。他們宣稱“自由派公民團體、女性主義者、同性戀和墮胎權利支持者應當承擔部分責任……因為他們的行動引起[我的]上帝對美國產生了憤怒。”

2015年April5日, Robert Todd Carroll, “Shoehorning”, 出自 The Skeptic's Dictionary:


源自斜線（/），用於表示暫停。其現代形式最早由阿尔杜斯·马努提乌斯使用。

分隔同一列表中的不同事物。

She sells dogs, cats, and birds.

分隔修飾同一名詞的不同形容詞。

The dull, incessant droning.

分隔引語與表示引用方式的動詞（說、寫等）。

Mr. Kershner says, "You should know how to use a comma."

科什納先生說道：「你應該學會如何使用逗號。」

Feb. 14, 1987, was the target date.

目標日期是1987年2月14日。

分隔地理位置中不同大小的區域。

Austin, Texas

John Smith, PhD

The cat was white; the dog, brown.

這隻貓是白色的；而那隻狗，棕色的。（此處的逗號代表了省略的 was）

在針對某人、地方或事物講話時，用於獨立標誌所指的名詞或代詞。

I hope, John, that you will read this.

我希望，約翰，你會讀到這段文字


源自斜線（/），用於表示暫停。其現代形式最早由阿尔杜斯·马努提乌斯使用。

部分語言中的千位分隔符。 用於印度數字命名系統。

I have 1,258 flags.

我有一千二百五十八面旗幟。


exclave

Alaska and Kaliningrad are both examples of exclaves.

阿拉斯加和加里寧格勒都是外飛地的例子。


for want of

for want of a better word

少了钉子，失了蹄铁。

a. 1640, For Want of a Nail:
#*: For want of a nail the shoe was lost.
#*: For want of a shoe the horse was lost.
#*: For want of a horse the rider was lost.
#*: For want of a rider the battle was lost.
#*: For want of a battle the kingdom was lost.
#*: And all for the want of a horseshoe nail.


by default

If we don't do something, they'll win by default.

要是我們不採取什麼措施，他們就默認勝利了。

No one could think of a better name, so we chose "Strawman" by default.

沒有人能想出一個更好的名字，所以我們默認選了“稻草人”這個名字。

If he wins an election, it will only be by default.

如果他贏得了選舉，那只可能是默認當選。


counterrevolution

The military leaders behind the original coup were executed in the aftermath of the counterrevolution.

最初政變背後指揮的軍方領導人，在反革命後被處決。


antigovernment

more antigovernment (comparative)
most antigovernment (superlative)

反政府的；反對現任政府的

Antigovernment protesters marched in the capital.

反政府示威者在首都舉行遊行。

反對一切政府形態的；無政府主義的

They have an antigovernment philosophy.


secularism

/ˈsɛkjʊləˌɹɪzəm/

state secularism


give back

gives back
giving back
gave back
given back

Give me back my book!

We organize this Thanksgiving dinner at the old-age home to give back to the community.

為回饋社區，我們在老人院舉辦這次的感恩節晚餐。


lollygag

He likes to do his car up with blacked-out windows, and all that lollygag.

他就喜欢给他的车整什么全黑车窗之类的乱七八糟的东西。


by far

Paris is by far the largest city in France.

巴黎是法國當之無愧的第一大城市。


ballot box

The people will decide at the ballot box.

人民將會通過投票作出決定。


I'll say

- Jack's put on a bit of weight recently.
- I'll say!

——傑克最近胖了點兒。
——確實！


age limit

The bar's age limit was 21, so we could not get in.

酒吧的年齡限制是21歲，所以我們進不去。


shoe size

What's your shoe size?


derby

源自葉森德比大賽（Epsom Derby），以第十二代德比伯爵爱德华·史密斯-斯坦利命名。

a donkey derby


pain in the butt

使人感到不快、討厭的人或事物

The customers love it, but the employees think the new system is a pain in the butt.

顧客們是喜歡，但員工們覺得新系統很煩人。


starry-eyed

more starry-eyed (comparative)
most starry-eyed (superlative)

天真的，空想的，過分樂觀的

He was so starry-eyed when he started, but reality ground him down, and he became both more realistic and more practical.

剛開始時他很天真，但現實擊垮了他，他也因此變得更加實際。


glans penis

直接取自拉丁語 glans penis (“陰莖頭”)，penis 在這裡為屬格用法。

glans penises (plural)
glans penes (plural)
glandes penium (plural)

The clitoral glans is homologous to the glans penis, so they look alike.

陰蒂頭和龜頭是同源的，所以它們外觀相似。


tirelessly

more tirelessly (comparative)
most tirelessly (superlative)

The volunteers worked tirelessly to improve the content.

志願者們為改善內容而孜孜不倦地工作。


spank

The ship was really spanking along.


serendipitous

more serendipitous (comparative)
most serendipitous (superlative)

causeless

僥倖得到的，意外發現的，機緣湊巧的

unintentional

僥倖得到的，意外發現的，機緣湊巧的

accidental

僥倖得到的，意外發現的，機緣湊巧的

lucky

僥倖得到的，意外發現的，機緣湊巧的

The weather was serendipitous for our vacation.


pilate

more pilate (comparative)
most pilate (superlative)

pilate pollen


prime minister

This is a list of all prime ministers since Churchill.

這是一份丘吉爾之後的首相列表。

Yesterday we had a visit from the Prime Minister / prime minister.


Molotov

借自俄語 Мо́лотов (Mólotov)。

轉寫俄語姓氏 Молотов (Molotov, “莫洛托夫”)

Vyacheslav Mikhailovich Molotov was a Soviet politician and diplomat.

維亞切斯拉夫·莫洛托夫是蘇聯政治人物及外交家。


tip-off

The broken window and overturned plant pots were a tip-off that something was wrong.

碎裂的窗戶和翻倒的花盆，都表明出了事兒。

The police received a tip-off about a recent bank robbery.

警方收到了對最近一起銀行盜竊案的舉報。


spitting image

可能變自spitten image（指就像從某人嘴裡吐出來一樣）。

/ˈspɪtɪŋ ˈɪmɪdʒ/

You're the spitting image of my brother.

你簡直就是我兄弟的翻版。


all-nighter

That party was an all-nighter.


some day

未來不定指的一天；將來某日。

The baby will likely be born some day in December.

寶寶可能會在十二月某日出生。


sooner or later

He’ll turn up sooner or later.


one day

one of these days

未來不定指的時間；日後，以後；有朝一日

someday

未來不定指的時間；日後，以後；有朝一日

once

過去不定指的時間；之前某日，有一天

未來不定指的時間；日後，以後；有朝一日

One day I shall upgrade my software, but not just yet.

之後我要升級我的軟件，但是不是現在。

過去不定指的時間；之前某日，有一天

One day I was playing with a girl from my class.

有一天，我正和同班的女生玩。

One day I was out in the barn and he drifted in. I was currying the horse and he set down on the wheelbarrow and begun to ask questions.

1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, 章號 11, 出自 Mr. Pratt's Patients:

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见one、day。

You can stay one day or two.


let up

The rain shows no sign of letting up.


at last

Now that the dog has stopped barking, perhaps we can at last get some rest.

既然那條狗不吠了，大概我們終於能休息一會兒了。

After three hundred years had passed, at last the vampire's soul was free.

三百年過後，吸血鬼的靈魂終於得以重獲自由。

No matter how early I came down, I would find him on the veranda, smoking cigarettes, or[…]. And at last I began to realize in my harassed soul that all elusion was futile, and to take such holidays as I could get, when he was off with a girl, in a spirit of thankfulness.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年）, Winston Churchill, 章號 IV, 出自 The Celebrity: An Episode, 紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC，頁號 46:

She was so mad she wouldn't speak to me for quite a spell, but at last I coaxed her into going up to Miss Emmeline's room and fetching down a tintype of the missing Deacon man.

1913, Joseph C. Lincoln, 章號 6, 出自 Mr. Pratt's Patients:

After all their troubles, at last they lived happily ever after.

在經歷一波三折後，他們最終幸福快樂地生活下去。

After exhausting all possibilities, Holmes was at last satisfied the problem was unsolvable.

在用盡一切可能性後，福爾摩斯最終確信這個問題是無法解決的。


exhilarate

源自拉丁語 exhilarāre (“使...高兴，使...欢快”)，源自ex- (“出，离”)（源自原始印歐語 *h₁eǵʰs (“外”)） + hilarāre，hilarō (“鼓舞，使...高兴”)的现在时不定式，源自hilaris (“愉快的，轻松的，活泼的”)（源自古希臘語 ἱλαρός (hilarós, “高兴的，愉快的”)，源自ἵλαος (hílaos, “亲切的，吉祥的”)，源自原始印歐語 *sōlh₂- (“宽慰，宽容”)）。

/ɪɡˈzɪləɹeɪt/

/ɪɡˈzɪləˌɹeɪt/

振奋，鼓舞，使...开心

Good news exhilarates the mind; wine exhilarates the drinker.

For the Philiſtian preſcribeth Cures of the minde in Phrenſies, and melancholy Paſsions; and pretendeth alſo to exhibite Medicines to exhilarate the minde, to confirme the courage, to clarifie the wits, to corroborate the memorie, and the like; but the ſcruples and ſuperſtitions of Diet, and other Regiment of the body in the ſect of the Pythagoreans, in the Hereſy of the Manicheas, and in the Lawe of Mahumes doe exceede; […]

1605, Francis Bacon, The Tvvoo Bookes of Francis Bacon. Of the Proficience and Aduancement of Learning, Diuine and Humane. To the King, book II, London: Printed [by Thomas Purfoot and Thomas Creede] for Henrie Tomes, and are to be sould at his shop at Graies Inne Gate in Holborne, →OCLC，頁號 37, recto:

Any and ſundry are the meanes, which Philoſophers and Phyſicians haue preſcribed to exhilarate a ſorrowfull heart, to diuert thoſe fixed and intent cares and meditations, which in this malady ſo much offend; but in my judgement none ſo preſent, none ſo powerfull, none ſo [a]ppoſite as a cup of ſtrong drinke, mirth, muſicke, and merry company.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Musicke a Remedy”, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 6, subsection 3，頁號 276:

I slept soundly, and without feeling the least uneasiness, and am a great deal better this morning; neither do I find that the henbane has affected my head, which，源自the great effect it had on me,—exhilarating me to the most extraordinary degree, and yet keeping me sleepy,—I feared it would.

1838年November1日, Charles Dickens, “XV. Mrs. Charles Dickens.”, 出自 Life, Letters, and Speeches of Charles Dickens with Biographical Sketches of the Principal Illustrators of Dickens’s Works: Illustrated with Engravings on Steel: In Two Volumes, 卷 I, Boston, Mass., New York, N.Y.: Houghton Mifflin Company; The Riverside Press Cambridge [Mass.], 出版於 1894, →OCLC，頁號 118:

It is now for us to say, that with very considerable powers of fancy, and a deep feeling of enthusiasm, he [James G. Small] has described the scenes of his romantic rambles, and recorded the historical or traditional events for which he cherishes such a warm veneration, in song that by turns exhilarates, captivates, and melts; and that will especially arouse Scotland's associations.

1843 June, “Art. XI. The Highlands, The Scottish Martyrs, and Other Poems. By the Rev. James G. Small. Edin. Whyte & Co.”, 出自 The Monthly Review (New and Improved Series), 卷 II, 期 II, London: G. Henderson, 2, Old Bailey, Ludgate-Hill, →OCLC，頁號 235:

Returning to their desks at the beginning of April 1966, exhilarated by the size of the Labour majority, Ministers found that there had been no improvement in the economic outlook while they had been away; indeed it had grown worse.

1978, Michael Stewart, “The Light that Failed: April 1966 – June 1970”, 出自 Politics & Economic Policy in the UK since 1964: The Jekyll & Hyde Years, Oxford: Pergamon Press, →ISBN，頁號 64:


throw up

throws up
throwing up
threw up
thrown up

The baby threw up all over my shirt.

婴儿呕到我整件衬衫上了。

That cat is always throwing up hairballs.

抛出，产出（新的或意外的东西）

This system has thrown up a few problems.

The car wheels threw up a shower of stones.


throw up

We had to scrub the seats for throw up when we left the dog in the car.

我们把狗留在车里的时候都得清洗座位上的呕吐物。


southerly

more southerly (comparative)
most southerly (superlative)

a southerly voyage

Warm, moist air was brought by southerly winds


stopped

源自stop + -ed。部分形容詞義項來自動詞；有的也來自名詞stop。

more stopped (comparative)
most stopped (superlative)

沒有行駛，但沒有正確泊車的

We were stopped for more than three hours!

我們已經停在這三個多小時了！

They passed a stopped car on the side of the road, but realized there was nothing they could do to help.

他們路過街邊一輛停下的車，但意識到對此也無能為力。

A stopped clock is right twice a day.

就算是停了的時鐘，每天也會有兩次顯示正確的時間。


catch on

He didn't have to explain; I caught on right away.

他本来就不用解释，我一下就明白了。

It's a crummy idea, and I certainly hope it does not catch on.

这个想法一点都不好，我希望不要每个人都这样想。

At first, many people didn't like that kind of music, but after a while it caught on.

一开始很多人不喜欢那种音乐，但后面它就流行起来了。


Twitter

源自twitter (“發出一連串啼叫聲”)。

I've lost the password to my Twitter.

我忘記我推特賬號的密碼了。


nucleic

Nucleic acids are found in the nuclei of cells.


for fuck's sake

For fuck’s sake, mate! Stop shooting at me!

我靠，兄弟！別朝我開槍了！


pictures

We go to the pictures every Saturday night.

我們每週六晚都會去電影院。


movies

We are going to the movies for our anniversary.

為了慶祝結婚紀念日，我們要去電影院。


prisoner of war

As a prisoner of war, he was interrogated by his enemy captors.

作為戰俘，他被敵方的捕獲者訊問。


temptress

Marilyn Monroe, the iconic temptress of the 20th century.

玛丽莲·梦露是20世纪的标志性性感女星。


full name

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见full、name。：全稱

The full name of the United Kingdom is "the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland".

英國的全稱是“大不列顛及北愛爾蘭聯合王國”。


middle name

I go by David but it's my middle name; my full name is William David Mason.

大家叫我 David，不過那是我的中間名；我的全名叫 William David Mason。

用以描述某人的行為、特征等

Think twice about playing for cash because "Poker" is her middle name.

I won't tell anyone. "Discretion" is my middle name.

我不會告訴別人的。“謹慎”是我的個性。


née

源自法語 née (“出生的”, 陰性單數)。

音頻 (美國)，讀作/neɪ/

Mrs Smith, née Jones

Irene Norton, née Adler.
#*:: 艾琳·諾頓，舊姓艾德勒。

1891, A Scandal in Bohemia, Arthur Conan Doyle

Since the name change, Butch (née Frances) seems more tough and self-assured.

改名之後，布奇（舊名弗朗西斯）似乎變得更加堅強自信。


payphone

I only had ten cents in my pocket, so I couldn't use the payphone to call a cab.

我口袋裡只有一毛錢，所以打不了公用電話叫計程車。

You called me from a payphone / They still got payphones / It costs a dollar a minute / To tell me you're getting sober

2020, “Kyoto”, 出自 Punisher, 演出者 Phoebe Bridgers:


tern

原始印歐語詞
 *tréyes
名詞義項派生自晚期中古英語 terne (“骰子點數為三”)，源自古法語 terne (“三個人，三人一組”)（現代法語 terne），源自拉丁語 ternās，ternī (“每次三個”)的陰性賓格複數，源自ter (“三次”)（源自原始印歐語 *tréyes (“三”)）+ -ī（源自-us (形容詞後綴)）。
形容詞義項可能來自名詞，也可能直接來自拉丁語 ternī (“每次三個”)。

tern flowers; tern leaves

a tern schooner


change one's mind

changes one's mind
changing one's mind
changed one's mind

She started up the stairs, changed her mind, and turned to go back down.

她開始上樓，又改了主意，轉身下樓。

So don’t necessarily assume that something has changed if I appear to have changed my mind, sometimes my mind is all that’s changed.

2006 Baggs, Amanda, Changes in Self-Awareness Over Time, Disclaimer on Assumptions, [http://] ballastexistenz.autistics.org/?page_id=294 May 2006:


murderously

more murderously (comparative)
most murderously (superlative)

They decided to stop arguing over which spelling was correct after she began glaring murderously at each person who participated.

她開始惡狠狠地看著每個人，因此他們決定停止爭論哪個拼寫是正確的。


sleep with

My daughter has to sleep with her teddy bear or she gets scared.

我女兒一定要和她的泰迪熊一起睡覺，不然她就會感覺害怕。


sad to say

可悲的是；不幸的是；遺憾的是

Sad to say, I can’t remember anything else about him. Only that voice, whispering in my ear.

遺憾的是，我不記得關於他的其他事情了。只有那個聲音，在我耳邊低語。


ill-gotten gains

dirty money

從非正當手段獲得的錢財或資產

從非正當手段獲得的錢財或資產

Ill-gotten gains never prosper.

不義之財絕不會令你發達。

Was it her fault if she did not possess those sycophantic arts which her hypocritical nephew, Pitt Crawley, practised? She wished him all the happiness which he merited out of his ill-gotten gains.

1847 January – 1848 July, William Makepeace Thackeray, 章號 XXXIX, 出自 Vanity Fair. A Novel without a Hero, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], 出版於 1848, →OCLC:

Secondly, the highly reprehensible course pursued by the Free Church of Scotland, in soliciting, receiving, and retaining money in its sustentation fund for supporting the gospel in Scotland, which was evidently the ill-gotten gain of slaveholders and slave-traders.

1855, Frederick Douglass, “Life as a Freeman”, 出自 My Bondage and My Freedom, New York: Miller, Orton and Mulligan，頁號 380:

By the bright bow of Heaven, I will have their ill-gotten gains from them, even though I hang for it as high as e'er a forest tree in Sherwood!

1883, Howard Pyle, “Robin Hood and Will Scarlet”, 出自 The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood of Great Renown, in Nottinghamshire, New York, N.Y.: […] Charles Scribner’s Sons […], →OCLC:

The exclusion from his clubs would mean ruin to Moran, who lived by his ill-gotten card gains.

1903, Arthur Conan Doyle, “The Adventure of the Empty House”, 出自 The Return of Sherlock Holmes:

How, exactly, does a lawyer come to legally give away ill-gotten gains on behalf of an international company that does not want to be named and surely does not want to face prosecution for what one division did?

2015年February6日, Paul Sullivan, “Finding the ‘Right’ Way to Dispose of Ill-Gotten Gains”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


hot air

The balloon was equipped with a burner to create hot air for lift.

气球配备了一个产生热空气的加热器来产生升力。


play with fire

plays with fire
playing with fire
played with fire

I'm telling you, if you sign that paper, you're playing with fire.

我跟你講，你要是真簽了那份文件，你就是在引火燒身。


pray tell

源自pray (“礼貌询问”) + tell (“解释”)。

Pray tell us, how will they fare while you are away?

But how, pray tell, do you "notice" something that happens when you're asleep?

但你能解释一下你睡着的时候是怎么“注意到”有事发生的吗？


lemme

源自 let me 的縮略。

Lemme go!

Hey, lemme see that bag. What’s in there?

嘿，讓我看看那個包。 裡面有什麼？


show-off

Quit being such a show-off, before someone gets hurt.

別在那賣弄了，小心傷到人。


show off

shows off
showing off
showed off
shown off

將某事物最好的部分展示出來

Grocery stores show off their produce by placing the most attractive specimens in front.

雜貨店把最好的樣品放在前面展示。

She loves to show off her driving prowess.

She loves to show off when she gets behind the wheel of a car.

If you've just acquired a Google Glass headset for £1,000, don't show it off at the movies. UK cinemas are to ban the headsets over fears that the gadgets can be used to make pirate copies of Hollywood blockbusters.

如果您剛買了一副Google眼鏡耳機，不要戴到電影院炫耀。因為擔心其能夠盜攝好萊塢大片，英國電影院將禁止這種耳機入場。

2014年June29日, Adam Sherwin, “UK cinemas ban Google glasses over piracy risk”, 出自 The Independent:


stupendousness

The stupendousness of the parade was a source of civic pride.

壯觀的遊行場面是公民自豪感的源泉。


quotes

Put his statement in quotes.


allied

more allied (comparative)
most allied (superlative)

bacteriology and allied subjects


scales

The butcher put the sausages on the scales.


my goodness

My goodness, what a loud noise!


successfully

more successfully (comparative)
most successfully (superlative)

He successfully climbed the mountain.

They successfully completed their project together.

他們一起成功完成了項目。


dogs

雙腳，來自押韻俚語 dog's meat （自20世紀早期）

My dogs are tired. Let's get a taxi.

我的腳好累啊。還是搭計程車吧。

I lost money at the dogs last night.


aromatic

晚期中古英語詞彙，源自中古法語和古法語 aromatique，源自晚期拉丁語 aromaticus，源自古希臘語 ἄρωμα (árōma, “調味的，芳香的，芬芳的”)。

more aromatic (comparative)
most aromatic (superlative)

aromatic herbs

aromatic taste


box office

最早可考於1786年，，可能是指boxes、box seats (“分隔開的座位”)的銷售。“總銷售額”之義最早出現於1904年。
民間有說法認為來自英格蘭文藝復興劇院，劇院工作人員用棍子叉著一個盒子，經過觀眾座位來收集入場券。但這個詞最早可考來源出現時，劇院已經關閉一百多年了（1642年關閉），因此這種說法很不可能成立。

His performance last night was pure box office.


stupendous

最早可靠於1547年，源自晚期拉丁語 stupendus (“驚人的”)，源自動詞stupeō (“震驚的”)。stupend的同源對似詞，與stupor、stupid有關。

more stupendous (comparative)
most stupendous (superlative)

One cannot appreciate how stupendous the Matterhorn is without seeing it.

沒有親眼看過馬特洪峰的人，就無法欣賞到她的壯麗。

The renovator created a stupendous new look for our house.

我們的房子被修補得煥然一新。


amaze

源自中古英語 *amasen (“使迷惑、困惑”)，源自古英語 āmasian (“使迷惑，使驚奇”)，源自ā- (完成時前綴) + *masian (“使困惑”)，等同於a- + maze。

使感到驚奇、驚訝 （自16世紀）

He was amazed when he found that the girl was a robot.

他得知女孩是機器人的時候，吃了一驚。

And all the people were amazed, and said, Is not this the son of David?

眾人都驚奇，說，這不是大衛的子孫麼。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 12:23:

Spain has long fallen from amazing Europe with her wit, to amusing them with the greatness of her Catholic credulity.

1759, Oliver Goldsmith, The Present State of Polite Learning


for sake of

She stayed home for sake of her sick friend.

為了（照顧）生病的朋友，她留在家中。


in all

There were twenty-one in all.


pipe dream

源自抽鸦片烟时出现的幻觉。

I think that his plan to become a professional athlete is a pipe dream and that he should stay in school.

我觉得他要成为专业田径选手的目标就是做梦，他应该待在学校里。

Only a year ago it would have needed a "super-Micawber" to be optimistic that the railways would once again pay their way. But it was no longer a pipe dream that B.R. could make a profit, the way to do it was now clear.

1962 December, “Dr. Beeching previews the plan for British Railways”, 出自 Modern Railways，頁號 376:


without a hitch

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见without、hitch。

The truck he'd bought was without a hitch.


willies

自1896年起有记载的“紧张的咒语”一意可能来自woollies，“紧张，窘迫”一意的方言词，可能指代的是穿着羊毛（wool）衣物时身上的瘙痒感。

Staying in the haunted house gave me the willies.

待在鬼屋里让我心里毛毛的。

I get the willies when I see closed doors. Even at work, where I am doing so well now, the sight of a closed door is sometimes enough to make me dread that something horrible is happening behind it, something that is going to affect me adversely.

1974, Joseph Heller, Something happened，頁號 3:


birthday suit

源自出生时一丝不挂的说法。

出生时穿的衣服，即一丝不挂

George embarrassed his aunt by answering the door in his birthday suit.

George一丝不挂地去应门，让他的阿姨尴尬不已。

Nature, the universal tailor, provides for every other animal a birthday suit of clothes which is to outlast his life; but man, though so peculiarly sensitive to the assaults of the elements, is ushered into this nether sphere without any covering, in order that he may be compelled to exert his faculties, and become his own tailor, and thereby his own civilizer.

1842, H., “Short Rides in an Author's Omnibus”, 出自 Thomas Hood 編, The New Monthly Magazine and Humorist，頁號 267:

At last I'm down to the nitty-gritty, my original birthday suit. Where do I put my hands? I need pockets.

1998, Paul Vaughn, “Confessions of a Naked Writer”, 出自 Orange Coast，頁號 185:

The terms naturalistic and naturalism suffer from the fact that they have a range of meanings, covering a variety of things from the Romantic submission to nature or the collecting of butterflies to the practice of bathing on the beach clad only in one's birthday suit.

2000, Denis Charles Phillips, The Expanded Social Scientist's Bestiary: A Guide to Fabled Threats to, and Defenses of, Naturalistic Social Science，頁號 85:

A person suddenly caught naked by the collapse of a building wall is treated quite differently than a person who intentionally “streaks” a public gathering in his or her birthday suit.

2001, Tom Slattery, Immodest Proposals: Through the Pornographic Looking Glass，頁號 181:


little old

微小的，微不足道的，不大的，无所谓的；无害的

How about a little old game of pool?

You brought the best little old news you'll ever tote. Secretario, if you never promulgate worse news than that, you'll boost your circulation a thousand a day.

1909, Rowland Thomas, The Little Gods, p. 280:

They found afterward to their regret that he was the finest little old poker player that ever struck the village and he carried away a suitcase of yellow-backed bills.

1915, Roy K. Moulton, "On the Spur of the Moment: Appearances", in The Day (New London), 14 August 1915, p. 9:

[Pogo:] I'm takin' care of this li'l' ol' backward child.

1949, Walt Kelly, Pogo (comic strip), 16 May 1949:

We Texans have always bragged about having the best little old this and the best little old that.

1976, Richard West, "The Best of Texas", in Texas Monthly, Vol. 4, No. 7, p. 103:

Well, you nice people, I'm going to let you in on a secret and show you why this kitchen knife is the best little ole product you can get.

1992, Henry I. Christ, Building Power in Reading, p. 131:

Christine Roberts Presley: Elvis was the best little ol' thing. He was so polite.

1995, Rose Clayton (ed.), Elvis Up Close: In the Words of Those Who Knew Him Best, p. 13:

While still marveling over the magnificent overtime victory his team had over St. John's Sunday, Duke Coach Mike Krzyzewski turned immediately to worrying about what was ahead. […] Duke plays a little old game against North Carolina tonight.

1999, New York Times, "College Basketball: Men's Roundup; Jarvis Keeps His Focus on Tough Road Ahead":

Last time I seen you, you was a little old girl / I had a crush now we grown and we still so thorough

2010, J. Cole, Friday Night Lights (mixtape), "You Got It" lyrics:

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见little、old。

A little old lady got on the bus.

一个个头很小的老太婆上了巴士。

This joke is getting a little old.


snazzy

未知，但可能是snappy + jazzy組成的混成詞，或源自愛爾蘭語 snas (“娴熟；好看的外貌”)。

snazzier (comparative)
snazziest (superlative)

dapper

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

elegant

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

pizazzy

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

smart

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

cool

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

cool

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

nifty

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

smart

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

inelegant

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

scruffy

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

sloppy

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

crappy

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

duff

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

lame

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

naff

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

rubbishy

聪明的；娴熟的；很好的，很棒的

时髦的，时尚的；优雅的；俗艳的

One particularly snazzy outfit consisted of vertically striped pants paired with a horizontally striped and sequined top.

2000, Alev Aktar, "TAILOR MADE GOES: Fashion week closes with Calvin, Donna and Vera," New York Daily News, 23 Sep. (retrieved 8 Jan. 2009):

a snazzy dresser


octadecagon

A regular octadecagon cannot be constructed using a compass and straightedge.

無法用圓規和直尺畫出正十八邊形。


sharp-eyed

more sharp-eyed (comparative)
most sharp-eyed (superlative)

The sharp-eyed detective noticed things the ordinary patrolman missed.

眼尖的偵探觀察到了一般巡警所沒有看見的事物。


uniliteral

uniliteral phonograms


let the cat out of the bag

（1700年代中期）與pig in a poke相對，如果一个不诚实的商人试图把猫当作猪来卖，而猫出来了或者被人从袋子里拿出来了，那么这个商人的秘密就被泄露了。

lets the cat out of the bag
letting the cat out of the bag
let the cat out of the bag

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-let the cat out of the bag.ogg

露餡；洩露秘密；使秘密爲人所知（多指不經意地）

It was going to be a surprise party until someone let the cat out of the bag.

要不是有人洩露了秘密的話，这本來會是一个惊喜派对的。

He proved himself as decent, decorous, and conscientious as Peter was rampant, boisterous, and — This last epithet I choose to suppress, because it would let the cat out of the bag.

他爲人正派、端莊、真誠，而彼得卻是跋扈、暴烈和——這最後的形容詞，姑且從略，因爲寫出來會露餡的。

1849, Currer Bell [筆名; Charlotte Brontë], Shirley. A Tale. […], 卷 III, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC:


ethnopolitical

How can ethnopolitical violence be hindered or mitigated?


ethnoreligious

The Jews are an ethnoreligious group.

猶太人是一個民族宗教群體。

I will do this no matter how brutal the ethnoreligious persecution could become.

不管種族宗教迫害有多麼殘酷，我都會這樣做。


cough up

He was coughing up blood.

He was coughing up a lung.

（比喻）他肺都要咳出来了。

不情愿地交出
（指钱） （不情愿地）给，支付

Do you think he'll be able to cough up the three grand by Tuesday?

你觉得他周二前能交出三千美元吗？

"[…] Usually businessmen. Married, middle-aged guys who'll cough up fifty bucks to smoke my pole."

2006, K. M. Soehnlein, You Can Say You Knew Me When，頁號 240:


iceless

an iceless refrigerator


ethnolect

AAVE is an ethnolect of African Americans.

非裔美國人白話是非裔美國人族群方言。


sprinkles

He had a double ice cream cone, with sprinkles.

他要了份帶巧克力米的雙重甜筒。


kill two birds with one stone

kills two birds with one stone
killing two birds with one stone
killed two birds with one stone

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-kill two birds with one stone.ogg

Biking to work kills two birds with one stone. It saves money travelling and will help to lose weight.

騎自行車上班真是一舉兩得。又能省錢，又能減肥。


maternity leave

My wife is on a two year maternity leave while she takes care of her newborn baby.

我的妻子在小孩出生時，請了兩年的產假。


forty-five

The robber brandished a forty-five at the cashier to make her empty the till for him.

劫匪在收銀台揮舞著一把.45口徑的手槍，讓收銀員把錢全都交出來。


thirty-fifth

The answer appears on the thirty-fifth page of the book.

She finished thirty-fifth in the race.

她以第三十五名完成比賽。


thirty-fifth

A thirty-fifth of 700 is 20.

700的三十五分之一是20。


thirty-fourth

The answer appears on the thirty-fourth page of the book.

She finished thirty-fourth in the race.

她以第三十四名完成比賽。


thirty-fourth

A thirty-fourth of 680 is 20.

680的三十四分之一是20。


thirty-ninth

The answer appears on the thirty-ninth page of the book.

She finished thirty-ninth in the race.

她以第三十九名完成比賽。


thirty-ninth

A thirty-ninth of 780 is 20.

780的三十九分之一是20。


forty-fifth

The answer appears on the forty-fifth page of the book.

She finished forty-fifth in the race.

她以第四十五名完成比賽。


forty-fifth

A forty-fifth of 900 is 20.

900的四十五分之一是20。


thirty-eighth

The answer appears on the thirty-eighth page of the book.

She finished thirty-eighth in the race.

她以第三十八名完成比賽。


thirty-eighth

A thirty-eighth of 760 is 20.

760的三十八分之一是20。


thirty-sixth

The answer appears on the thirty-sixth page of the book.

She finished thirty-sixth in the race.

她以第三十六名完成比賽。


thirty-sixth

A thirty-sixth of 720 is 20.

720的三十六分之一是20。


thirty-seventh

The answer appears on the thirty-seventh page of the book.

She finished thirty-seventh in the race.

她以第三十七名完成比賽。


thirty-seventh

A thirty-seventh of 740 is 20.

740的三十七分之一是20。


thirty-second

The answer appears on the thirty-second page of the book.

She finished thirty-second in the race.

她以第三十二名完成比賽。


thirty-second

A thirty-second of 640 is 20.

640的三十二分之一是20。


thirty-third

The answer appears on the thirty-third page of the book.

She finished thirty-third in the race.

她以第三十三名完成比賽。


thirty-third

A thirty-third of 660 is 20.

660的三十三分之一是20。


fifty-third

The answer appears on the fifty-third page of the book.

She finished fifty-third in the race.

她以第五十三名完成比賽。


fifty-third

A fifty-third of 1060 is 20.

1060的五十三分之一是20。


forty-third

The answer appears on the forty-third page of the book.

She finished forty-third in the race.

她以第四十三名完成比賽。


forty-third

A forty-third of 860 is 20.

860的四十三分之一是20。


forty-seventh

The answer appears on the forty-seventh page of the book.

She finished forty-seventh in the race.

她以第四十七名完成比賽。


forty-seventh

A forty-seventh of 940 is 20.

940的四十七分之一是20。


forty-fourth

The answer appears on the forty-fourth page of the book.

She finished forty-fourth in the race.

她以第四十四名完成比賽。


forty-fourth

A forty-fourth of 880 is 20.

880的四十四分之一是20。


forty-second

The answer appears on the forty-second page of the book.

She finished forty-second in the race.

她以第四十二名完成比賽。


forty-second

A forty-second of 840 is 20.

840的四十二分之一是20。


forty-sixth

The answer appears on the forty-sixth page of the book.

She finished forty-sixth in the race.

她以第四十六名完成比賽。


forty-sixth

A forty-sixth of 920 is 20.

920的四十六分之一是20。


forty-eighth

The answer appears on the forty-eighth page of the book.

She finished forty-eighth in the race.

她以第四十八名完成比賽。


forty-eighth

A forty-eighth of 960 is 20.

960的四十八分之一是20。


fifty-eighth

The answer appears on the fifty-eighth page of the book.

She finished fifty-eighth in the race.

她以第五十八名完成比賽。


fifty-eighth

A fifty-eighth of 1160 is 20.

1160的五十八分之一是20。


paternity leave

My husband is on a 3-month paternity leave while he looks after our newborn baby and I'm working abroad.

我在國外工作的時候，我丈夫休了三個月產假，在家照顧寶寶。


fifty-sixth

The answer appears on the fifty-sixth page of the book.

She finished fifty-sixth in the race.

她以第五十六名完成比賽。


fifty-sixth

A fifty-sixth of 1120 is 20.

1120的五十六分之一是20。


fifty-fifth

The answer appears on the fifty-fifth page of the book.

She finished fifty-fifth in the race.

她以第五十五名完成比賽。


fifty-fifth

A fifty-fifth of 1100 is 20.

1100的五十五分之一是20。


sixty-third

The answer appears on the sixty-third page of the book.

She finished sixty-third in the race.

她以第六十三名完成比賽。


sixty-third

A sixty-third of 1260 is 20.

1260的六十三分之一是20。


sixty-first

The answer appears on the sixty-first page of the book.

She finished sixty-first in the race.

她以第六十一名完成比賽。


sixty-first

A sixty-first of 1220 is 20.

1220的六十一分之一是20。


seventy-second

The answer appears on the seventy-second page of the book.

She finished seventy-second in the race.

她以第七十二名完成比賽。


seventy-second

A seventy-second of 1440 is 20.

1440的七十二分之一是20。


fifty-fourth

The answer appears on the fifty-fourth page of the book.

She finished fifty-fourth in the race.

她以第五十四名完成比賽。


fifty-fourth

A fifty-fourth of 1080 is 20.

1080的五十四分之一是20。


fifty-second

The answer appears on the fifty-second page of the book.

She finished fifty-second in the race.

她以第五十二名完成比賽。


fifty-second

A fifty-second of 1040 is 20.

1040的五十二分之一是20。


fifty-seventh

The answer appears on the fifty-seventh page of the book.

She finished fifty-seventh in the race.

她以第五十七名完成比賽。


fifty-seventh

A fifty-seventh of 1140 is 20.

1140的五十七分之一是20。


strings

It looks like a good offer, but there are strings attached.

這看起來是個不錯的提議，但有附加條件。


sixty-fourth

The answer appears on the sixty-fourth page of the book.

She finished sixty-fourth in the race.

她以第六十四名完成比賽。


sixty-fourth

A sixty-fourth of 1280 is 20.

1280的六十四分之一是20。


forty-first

The answer appears on the forty-first page of the book.

She finished forty-first in the race.

她以第四十一名完成比賽。


forty-first

A forty-first of 820 is 20.

820的四十一分之一是20。


seventy-first

The answer appears on the seventy-first page of the book.

She finished seventy-first in the race.

她以第七十一名完成比賽。


seventy-first

A seventy-first of 1420 is 20.

1420的七十一分之一是20。


sixty-seventh

The answer appears on the sixty-seventh page of the book.

She finished sixty-seventh in the race.

她以第六十七名完成比賽。


sixty-seventh

A sixty-seventh of 1340 is 20.

1340的六十七分之一是20。


seventy-third

The answer appears on the seventy-third page of the book.

She finished seventy-third in the race.

她以第七十三名完成比賽。


seventy-third

A seventy-third of 1460 is 20.

1460的七十三分之一是20。


sixty-second

The answer appears on the sixty-second page of the book.

She finished sixty-second in the race.

她以第六十二名完成比賽。


sixty-second

A sixty-second of 1240 is 20.

1240的六十二分之一是20。


sixty-ninth

The answer appears on the sixty-ninth page of the book.

She finished sixty-ninth in the race.

她以第六十九名完成比賽。


sixty-ninth

A sixty-ninth of 1380 is 20.

1380的六十九分之一是20。


seventy-fourth

The answer appears on the seventy-fourth page of the book.

She finished seventy-fourth in the race.

她以第七十四名完成比賽。


seventy-fourth

A seventy-fourth of 1480 is 20.

1480的七十四分之一是20。


eighty-sixth

The answer appears on the eighty-sixth page of the book.

She finished eighty-sixth in the race.

她以第八十六名完成比賽。


eighty-sixth

A eighty-sixth of 1720 is 20.

1720的八十六分之一是20。


fifty-first

The answer appears on the fifty-first page of the book.

She finished fifty-first in the race.

她以第五十一名完成比賽。


fifty-first

A fifty-first of 1020 is 20.

1020的五十一分之一是20。


eighty-fourth

The answer appears on the eighty-fourth page of the book.

She finished eighty-fourth in the race.

她以第八十四名完成比賽。


eighty-fourth

A eighty-fourth of 1680 is 20.

1680的八十四分之一是20。


ninety-first

The answer appears on the ninety-first page of the book.

She finished ninety-first in the race.

她以第九十一名完成比賽。


ninety-first

A ninety-first of 1820 is 20.

1820的九十一分之一是20。


seventy-fifth

The answer appears on the seventy-fifth page of the book.

She finished seventy-fifth in the race.

她以第七十五名完成比賽。


seventy-fifth

A seventy-fifth of 1500 is 20.

1500的七十五分之一是20。


parental leave

Both my husband and I are on a 3-month parental leave while we look after our newborn baby.


eighty-third

The answer appears on the eighty-third page of the book.

She finished eighty-third in the race.

她以第八十三名完成比賽。


eighty-third

A eighty-third of 1660 is 20.

1660的八十三分之一是20。


ninety-second

The answer appears on the ninety-second page of the book.

She finished ninety-second in the race.

她以第九十二名完成比賽。


ninety-second

A ninety-second of 1840 is 20.

1840的九十二分之一是20。


seventy-seventh

The answer appears on the seventy-seventh page of the book.

She finished seventy-seventh in the race.

她以第七十七名完成比賽。


seventy-seventh

A seventy-seventh of 1540 is 20.

1540的七十七分之一是20。


seventy-sixth

The answer appears on the seventy-sixth page of the book.

She finished seventy-sixth in the race.

她以第七十六名完成比賽。


seventy-sixth

A seventy-sixth of 1520 is 20.

1520的七十六分之一是20。


ninety-eighth

The answer appears on the ninety-eighth page of the book.

She finished ninety-eighth in the race.

她以第九十八名完成比賽。


ninety-eighth

A ninety-eighth of 1960 is 20.

1960的九十八分之一是20。


ninety-ninth

The answer appears on the ninety-ninth page of the book.

She finished ninety-ninth in the race.

她以第九十九名完成比賽。


ninety-ninth

A ninety-ninth of 1980 is 20.

1980的九十九分之一是20。


ninety-fourth

The answer appears on the ninety-fourth page of the book.

She finished ninety-fourth in the race.

她以第九十四名完成比賽。


ninety-fourth

A ninety-fourth of 1880 is 20.

1880的九十四分之一是20。


sixty-eighth

The answer appears on the sixty-eighth page of the book.

She finished sixty-eighth in the race.

她以第六十八名完成比賽。


sixty-eighth

A sixty-eighth of 1360 is 20.

1360的六十八分之一是20。


eighty-second

The answer appears on the eighty-second page of the book.

She finished eighty-second in the race.

她以第八十二名完成比賽。


eighty-second

A eighty-second of 1640 is 20.

1640的八十二分之一是20。


sixty-fifth

The answer appears on the sixty-fifth page of the book.

She finished sixty-fifth in the race.

她以第六十五名完成比賽。


sixty-fifth

A sixty-fifth of 1300 is 20.

1300的六十五分之一是20。


eighty-eighth

The answer appears on the eighty-eighth page of the book.

She finished eighty-eighth in the race.

她以第八十八名完成比賽。


eighty-eighth

A eighty-eighth of 1760 is 20.

1760的八十八分之一是20。


seventy-eighth

The answer appears on the seventy-eighth page of the book.

She finished seventy-eighth in the race.

她以第七十八名完成比賽。


seventy-eighth

A seventy-eighth of 1560 is 20.

1560的七十八分之一是20。


ninety-sixth

The answer appears on the ninety-sixth page of the book.

She finished ninety-sixth in the race.

她以第九十六名完成比賽。


ninety-sixth

A ninety-sixth of 1920 is 20.

1920的九十六分之一是20。


ninety-fifth

The answer appears on the ninety-fifth page of the book.

She finished ninety-fifth in the race.

她以第九十五名完成比賽。


ninety-fifth

A ninety-fifth of 1900 is 20.

1900的九十五分之一是20。


ninety-seventh

The answer appears on the ninety-seventh page of the book.

She finished ninety-seventh in the race.

她以第九十七名完成比賽。


ninety-seventh

A ninety-seventh of 1940 is 20.

1940的九十七分之一是20。


eighty-first

The answer appears on the eighty-first page of the book.

She finished eighty-first in the race.

她以第八十一名完成比賽。


eighty-first

A eighty-first of 1620 is 20.

1620的八十一分之一是20。


seventy-ninth

The answer appears on the seventy-ninth page of the book.

She finished seventy-ninth in the race.

她以第七十九名完成比賽。


seventy-ninth

A seventy-ninth of 1580 is 20.

1580的七十九分之一是20。


ninety-third

The answer appears on the ninety-third page of the book.

She finished ninety-third in the race.

她以第九十三名完成比賽。


ninety-third

A ninety-third of 1860 is 20.

1860的九十三分之一是20。


未知。《牛津英語詞典》認為是nix的押韻俚語。
其他的說法包括：
# 來自紐約市的戴爾莫尼科餐廳菜單第#86號，腰牛排（Delmonico steak），19世紀時經常很快就售罄。
# 來自禁酒令時期紐約的熱門地下酒館Chumley’s。Chumley’s 隱藏在西村的住宅當中，有兩個門口：一個經過裝潢的主入口，在巴羅街（Barrow Street）；還有一個隱蔽的後門，在貝德福德街86號（86 Bedford Street）。當守門人在大門口看見警察接近的時候，就會大喊“86 it!”，通知顧客把酒藏好，從後門快速離開。

86 the ham and eggs for table two!

86 the lobster bisque – we won’t have the lobster delivery until tomorrow.

不做龍蝦濃湯——明天龍蝦才送到。

We finally had to 86 that old printer after it jammed one too many times.

那台舊打印機出太多故障，我們終於不得不把它扔掉了。

The restaurant 86ed us because we didn't fit the dress code.

那家餐館不歡迎我們，因為我們著裝不符合他們的規定。

(Ben Sanderson, speaking to a bartender) -- "Please, serve me today, and I'll never come in here again. If I do, you can 86 me."

He stole from me and snitched on me, so I 86ed him.

他偷了我東西，所以我把他幹掉了。

RONALD:”They tried to ghost your girl Isabel right here”. WES CHANDLER(played by Ron Perlman):”Tried to ‘ghost’ her?” RONALD:”Merk. 86. Put her down in the dirt. You feel me?”

2017年September28日, Josh Corbin, 片头起37:03, 出自 Start Up, 季数 2, 集数 6, 角色 Ronald Dacey（Edi Gathegi）:


forty-ninth

The answer appears on the forty-ninth page of the book.

She finished forty-ninth in the race.

她以第四十九名完成比賽。


forty-ninth

A forty-ninth of 980 is 20.

980的四十九分之一是20。


eighty-ninth

The answer appears on the eighty-ninth page of the book.

She finished eighty-ninth in the race.

她以第八十九名完成比賽。


eighty-ninth

A eighty-ninth of 1780 is 20.

1780的八十九分之一是20。


sixty-sixth

The answer appears on the sixty-sixth page of the book.

She finished sixty-sixth in the race.

她以第六十六名完成比賽。

Though in his sixty-sixth year, I have never heard him express any dissatisfaction at the occasional hardships which we have had to encounter.

虽然他今年六十六岁了，但我从未听到他对我们偶尔遇到的困难表示过任何不满。

1912, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle, The Lost World [失落的世界]:


sixty-sixth

A sixty-sixth of 1320 is 20.

1320的六十六分之一是20。


eighty-six

未知。《牛津英語詞典》認為是nix (“取消，拒絕”)的押韻俚語。也有可能是1920年代的某些數字代碼。參見英語維基百科條目86 (term)。

Eighty-six the ham and eggs for table two!

Eighty-six the lobster bisque - we won't have the lobster delivery until tomorrow.

不做龍蝦濃湯——明天龍蝦才送到。

"Yes, I'd like the tomato soup." / "I'm sorry sir, that's been eighty-sixed - would you like a salad instead?"

“是的，我要點番茄湯。”——“先生，不好意思，這道菜不做——給您換沙拉如何？”

Ryan and his friends got too rowdy at the bar, so they were eighty-sixed.

瑞安和他的朋友因為太吵，被酒吧趕出去了。

We finally had to eighty-six that old printer after it jammed one too many times.

那台舊打印機出太多故障，我們終於不得不把它扔掉了。

...Apple eighty-sixed all of its paid moderators...


thirty-first

The answer appears on the thirty-first page of the book.

She finished thirty-first in the race.

她以第三十一名完成比賽。


thirty-first

A thirty-first of 620 is 20.

620的三十一分之一是20。


fifty-ninth

The answer appears on the fifty-ninth page of the book.

She finished fifty-ninth in the race.

她以第五十九名完成比賽。


fifty-ninth

A fifty-ninth of 1180 is 20.

1180的五十九分之一是20。


zeroth

/ˈzɪɹ(ˌ)oʊθ/

The zeroth order polynomial approximation is constant.

A and C are in equilibrium following the Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics.

根據熱力學第零定律，A和C處於平衡狀態。


eighty-seventh

The answer appears on the eighty-seventh page of the book.

She finished eighty-seventh in the race.

她以第八十七名完成比賽。


eighty-seventh

A eighty-seventh of 1740 is 20.

1740的八十七分之一是20。


eighty-fifth

The answer appears on the eighty-fifth page of the book.

She finished eighty-fifth in the race.

她以第八十五名完成比賽。


eighty-fifth

A eighty-fifth of 1700 is 20.

1700的八十五分之一是20。


air-condition

In hot, muggy climates, some people air-condition their garage.

在炎熱潮悶的氣候中，有些人會給車庫開上空調。


totalled

more totalled (comparative)
most totalled (superlative)

Several totalled cars were being picked over for usable parts.

幾輛損壞的汽車被挑選出來，從中拆解出可用的部分。


cooled

通過某種方式而被冷卻的（常用於複合詞）

a water-cooled engine


rest in peace

rests in peace
resting in peace
rested in peace

May the souls of the recently departed rest in peace.


deadass

可能是dead + -ass的组合（对比“a stupid-ass town”），dead的一个粗俗强调形式。

a deadass town


deadass

he deadass kissed her


sheets

When I looked out, all I could see were sheets of rain.

我向外面望去，只看見密密麻麻的雨。


moves

Check out the guy on the dancefloor, he's got seriously good moves.

看看舞池裡的那個人，他跳得真棒。


evils

Don't go giving me evils!


gemstone

源自中古英語 gimstone，早期ȝimston、ȝimstan的變體（由於中古英語gemme），源自古英語 ġimstān, ġymstān (“寶石，珠寶”)，等同於gem + stone。對比冰島語 gimsteinn (“寶石，珠寶”)。

imitation gemstone

heat treated gemstone


euthanize

John decided to euthanize his dying dog.

約翰決定對他垂死的狗實施安樂死。

A terminally ill minor has become the first child to be euthanized in Belgium since age restrictions were lifted in the country two years ago.

2016, Chandrika Narayan, First child dies by euthanasia in Belgium, CNN:


servitude

源自中古法語 servitude，源自拉丁語 servitūs，源自拉丁語 servus (“奴隶”)。

to place in the servitude of somebody

In spite of the importance of this route it remained until a few years ago very insecure. Overhung almost its entire length by the inaccessible fastnesses of Lololand, the passing caravans dared journey only with convoy, and even then were frequently overwhelmed by raiders from the hills, who carried off both trader and goods into the mountains, the former to lifelong servitude.

1913, Elizabeth Kimball Kendall, A Wayfarer in China

The Enlightment worldview, which considered the order of "Nature" as a basis and, at the same time, the subject of explorations of scientific natural sciences, has, at the same time, considered this order as a criterion of the artistically-aesthetic qualities of art. From an "ideological" point of view, it liberated art from its feudal religious and courtly servitude.

1986, Theories of Ideology and Ideology of Theories, Rodopi, →ISBN, →ISSN，頁號 57:


world language

English, French and Spanish are often considered world languages.

英語、法語和西班牙語通常被認為是世界語言。


scoot

不详。可能源自古諾爾斯語 skjóta (“射击”)或可能与中古英語 scottlynge (“快速动脚，蹦蹦跳跳”, 字面意思是“碎步走”)有关，参见scuddle、scuttle。

They scooted over to the window.

The dog was scooting all over our new carpet.

狗狗正用牠的前爪到處擦咱們的新地毯。

If you ever see your dog scooting its hind end along the floor, chances are that anal sac irritation or impaction exists.

1990, Chris C. Pinney, Guide to Home Pet Grooming，頁號 44:

What if my cat is biting its tail, scooting or rubbing its bottom on the ground?

1997, J. M. Evans and Kay White, Catopedia:

The old wives tale is that a dog that scoots on its rear has worms, but that's rarely the case. Dogs that scoot, lick, or chew underneath their tails usually have anal gland issues.

2008, Sandy Blackburn, The Everything Dog Grooming Book: All You Need to Help Your Pet Look and Feel Great!，頁號 62:

挪开 （指比如在多人座位上让开给其他人空出位置）

Do you mind scooting a bit to the left?


lose one's temper

loses one's temper
losing one's temper
lost one's temper

When my dad found out I had failed the exams, he completely lost his temper.

當我爸得知我考試不及格時，氣得火冒三丈。


last night

He said he didn't get any sleep last night and I know he hadn't gotten much the previous night.

他說他昨晚沒睡，我知道他前一晚上確實睡得不多。

Last night was wonderful. Can I see you again?

昨晚真是太愉快了。我還能見到你嗎？


last night

We partied last night.


metachemical

more metachemical (comparative)
most metachemical (superlative)

元化學的；原子結構化學的

metachemical metamorphism

The greater part of this is in comparative thermal equilibrium, and so we should not expect metachemical change to occur.

1910, Knowledge and Illustrated Scientific News - Volume 33，頁號 xxii:

Alfred Nordmann, in Chapter 19, draws on the work of Emile Meyerson and Gaston Bachelard — two philosophers with some genuine chemical knowledge — to articulate a more general, a richer, and a metachemical notion of substance.

2011, Davis Baird, Eric Scerri, Lee McIntyre, Philosophy of Chemistry: Synthesis of a New Discipline, →ISBN，頁號 15:

This is by no means reducing chemistry to a sub-division of physics, and even less making it a defenceless victim of Don Quixote-like pseudomathematical and metachemical theorists; a fundamental knowledge of natural history is still an essential condition for any further progress in an understanding of chemical bonding.

2012, C.K. Jorgensen, Inorganic Complexes, →ISBN:


open fire

In warfare, whoever opens fire first has a greater chance of victory.

在戰場上，誰先開火，誰就更有可能勝利。


open fire

We roasted chestnuts over an open fire.


over my dead body

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-over my dead body.ogg

"Can I get a new sports car?" "Over my dead body!"

“我能買輛新跑車嗎？”“除非我死了！”


smooch

可能是smack的一个方言变体。亦对比低地德語 smok (“吻”)。

They smooched in the doorway.


middle tilde

The symbol ᵮ is a letter f with a middle tilde.

符號 ᵮ 是帶有中波浪號的字母 f。


give up the ghost

字面意思為死亡時從體内釋出靈魂。來自中古英語 "gaf up þe gost"，"ʒave up þe gost"，来自古英語短語如"hēo āġeaf hire gāst"（字面意思為她放棄了她的靈魂），"þæt iċ gāst mīnne āġifan mōte"（字面意思為我必須放棄我的靈魂）等。对比德語 den Geist aufgeben和荷蘭語 de geest geven。

gives up the ghost
giving up the ghost
gave up the ghost
given up the ghost

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-give up the ghost.ogg

My old computer finally gave up the ghost the other day.

前幾天我的舊電腦終於壞了。


IRL

His IRL girlfriend.


uninitiated

His jargon-filled talk was gibberish to the uninitiated, but clear and concise to practitioners.

他的谈话充满了专业术语，对门外汉来说听着莫名其妙，但对从业者来说清晰而简练。

Even in the midst of the full swing of fancy, swayed to and fro by the many currants of thought that arise out of a single word, snatches of the verse from which the flight was taken will suddenly appear on the surface like a refrain or a keynote, showing that in reality there is a connexion, though hidden to the uninitiated.

1863, Sir William Smith 編, A Dictionary of the Bible: Comprising its Antiquities, Biography, Geography and Natural History, Volume III. Red Sea-Zuzims, Little, Brown, and Co, Versions, Ancient (Targum)，頁號s 1653-1654:

To the uninitiated, the belief not merely in the influence of the dead, but in their actual presence during secret rites is, or has until lately been, very real, and in so far as the uninitiated are brought into relation with the societies will possess a religious character.

1914, William Halse Rivers Rivers, The History of Melanesian Society, 卷 2, Part 1, Adegi Graphics, 出版於 2001, →ISBN, Chapter XXXIII. Religion and Magic，頁號 411:

A quick guide for the uninitiated

1962年January3日, “Tape recorders: A quick guide for the uninitiated”, 出自 Herbet L. Brown Jr 編, Changing Times: The Kiplinger Magazine, 卷 16, 期 1, Kiplinger Washington Editors, →ISSN，頁號 13:

Although the priests are the initiated, they remain ignorant and incapable of instructing the uninitiated in the proper method of painting the temples.

2008, David E. Johnson, Anthropology's Wake: Attending to the End of Culture, Fordham University Press, →ISBN, Ex-Cited Dialogue，頁號 107:


IE

IE linguistics


ibn

源自阿拉伯語 اِبْن (ibn, “兒子”)。

Ali ibn Amr


penny pincher

Over the years, he developed a reputation as a penny pincher who wouldn't spend money for anything.

多年來，他成了別人口中不願為任何事物花錢的吝嗇鬼。


chew out

His dad chewed him out after seeing his poor grades.

他爸看到他那可怜的成绩之后把他骂了一顿。


suck up

The dry soil sucked up water like a sponge.

Jimmy sucked up to the English teacher hoping he would get an A.

Jimmy巴结英语老师，想拿个A。


beat to the punch

beats to the punch
beating to the punch
beat to the punch
beaten to the punch
beat to the punch

抢在...前面，抢先...一步（做了某事）

I was planning to take care of the problem for him, but he beat me to the punch and did it himself.

我本来打算帮他处理那个问题，但他抢在我前面自己处理了。


give in

The roof gave in under the weight of the snow.

积雪的重量让屋顶坍塌了。

I finally gave in and let him stay up to watch TV.

我最后终于放弃了，只得让他熬夜看电视。

OK, I don't know the answer. I give in.

好吧，我不知道答案。我认输。

Try not to give in to temptation.


smug

可能源自中古低地德語 smuk (“轻柔的，纤弱的，修长的”)，但是英语词形内的 g 难以解释。源自一低地德語词，该词亦派生出北弗里斯蘭語 smok、丹麥語 smuk 和瑞典語 smukk（现已弃用或方言）。最终应派生自原始日耳曼語 *smeuganą。
对比中古高地德語 gesmuc (“饰品”) 和 smücken (“给...穿衣，打扮”)，两者最终源自 smiegen (“按入，插入；坐落于”)，因而有同源词德語 schmiegen、Schmuck 和 schmücken。但是德语形容词 schmuck 借自低地德語。详见 smock。

smugger (comparative)
smuggest (superlative)

Kate looked extremely smug this morning.

a smug look on her face


psychoactive

more psychoactive (comparative)
most psychoactive (superlative)

LSD and DMT are psychoactive drugs.

摇头丸和DMT是影响精神的药物。


psychoactive

影响精神的药物，精神药物

LSD and DMT are psychoactives.

摇头丸和DMT是精神药物。


on a shoestring

The first year after we bought the house, we lived on a shoestring, but we survived.

買完房子的第一年，我們只能勒緊褲腰帶過日子，不過也算是撐過來了。


shoestring

Your shoestring is untied.

He did all that on a shoestring budget.

他花很少的錢就全部完成了。

shoestring French fries


anatomical

源自拉丁語 anatomicus。與法語 anatomique同源。等同於anatomy + -ical。

The two species have some anatomical similarities.

這兩個物種在解剖學上有相似性。


finger ring

Signets and seal rings are functional, emblematic finger rings.

圖章及印章戒指是功能性、象徵性的戒指。


round the clock

He had his team work round the clock to get the project finished in time.

為了按時完成計劃，他讓團隊夜以繼日工作。


round the clock

They are protected by round-the-clock guards.

他們一天二十四小時都有保鏢保護。


around the clock

They worked around the clock to finish the project on time.

他們夜以繼日工作以按時完成計劃。


around the clock

The around-the-clock workers tried to finish the project.

夜以繼日工作的工人們盡力完成計劃。


saved

A penny saved is a penny earned.

省下一分錢就是賺到一分錢。


must not

無現在分詞，無一般過去時

Pedestrians must not cross the road until the light goes green.

行人不得在綠燈亮起前橫穿馬路。


sliced

sliced bread


whipped

more whipped (comparative)
most whipped (superlative)

He knew he was whipped when he turned down a football game so they could shop for linens.

他推掉足球比賽去陪老婆買床單的時候，意識到自己成了妻管嚴。


founding

the founding of the republic

Do foundings of transnational organizations appear to spur foundings of national organizations, or vice versa?

2005, Donatella Della Porta, Sidney G. Tarrow, Transnational Protest and Global Activism


founding

The founding fathers of our country.


reaping

sowings and reapings


encircling

She felt safe in her mother's encircling arms.

在母親的臂彎下，她感到無比安全。


contracting

the contractings of his muscles


witnessing

false witnessings


stocked

a well-stocked fridge


reigning

The reigning world heavyweight champion said he'd defend his title once more and then retire even if he won.

这位卫冕世界重量级冠军表示，即使他赢了，他也会再次捍卫自己的冠军头衔，然后退役。


sensed

Humans are five-sensed beings, having touch, taste, sight, hearing, and smell.

人類是有五種感覺的生物，這五感分別是觸覺、味覺、視覺、聽覺和嗅覺。


pennies

It costs only pennies per day.


heats

Everyone suffered during the heats of July.

七月三伏天，人人都難受。

The heats of the spring, says M. Berthe, (which I need not observe are considerable at Seville,) were at this time beginning to be felt.

伯莎女士說，春天的炎熱（我無需指出在塞维利亚已經相当炎热）這時就開始能感受得到。

1830, Usher Parsons, On the comparative influence of Vegetable and Animal Decomposition as a cause of Fever.:

During the heats of summer the mortar is injured by a too rapid desiccation.

在炎热的夏季，砂浆会因干燥过快而受损。

1871, Robert Scott Burn, Masonry, Bricklaying and Plastering, 出版於 2015，頁號 156:

Day after day succeeds of most delicious, dreamy softness; not enervating like the heats of summer, but exhilarating to soul and body.

日复一日延續著那最宜人、梦幻般的柔软；不像夏天的酷热那样令人疲倦，而是使灵魂和身体感到振奋。

1901, Albert Matthews, The Term Indian Summer，頁號 34:


pissing

表示對所提及之事物的厭惡或惱怒。

I can't get this pissing computer to work.


transcribed

a transcribed drama series


spending

源自中古英語 spendyng、spendynge，源自古英語 spendung，等同於spend + -ing。與德語 Spendung (“貢獻，捐獻”)同源。

excessive spendings


singles

a singles bar


behaved

（行為）以某種形式或態度表現的

a rudely-behaved child


bombed

more bombed (comparative)
most bombed (superlative)

Dan's brother bought us a bottle of whisky and we got bombed.

丹的兄弟给我们带了瓶威士忌，我们都喝醉了。


meets

The taste of an eggplant could be described as pepper meets tomato.

茄子的味道可以說是胡椒和番茄的混合。

The concept of the movie was Fantastic Voyage meets The Devil Wears Prada.

這部電影的概念就像是《神奇旅程》和《穿普拉達的女王》的結合。


combed

more combed (comparative)
most combed (superlative)

combed hair


combed

combed lizards


regards

Give my regards to your brother when you next see him.

你下次見到你兄弟的時候，代我向他問好。


winters

They ski winters in the Laurentians.

他們冬季在洛朗蒂德山脈滑雪。


the other day

I was in San Francisco just the other day.


stalked

a stalked barnacle

a stalked crinoid


hunted

more hunted (comparative)
most hunted (superlative)

惴惴不安的，緊張得好像被追捕似的

He looked up with a hunted expression.

他帶著一副惴惴不安的表情抬起頭。


shelled

shelled peas


pots

We’re going to make pots of money selling my invention!

我們要靠賣我的發明賺大錢！


båda

源自古瑞典語 buþa、bodha，源自古諾爾斯語 boða、原始日耳曼語 *budōną。

det här bådar inte gott


under no circumstances

Under no circumstances should I be responsible for your reckless driving of my vehicle.

我無論如何都不會為你魯莽駕駛我的車輛而負責。


hold up

Hold up a minute. I want to check something.

等会儿，我想看一样东西。

I've got to be to work now. Why are you holding me up?

我现在要去上班呢。你拦着我干嘛？

What is holding up traffic?

It worked to perfection. Ferrari's decision not to stop on the next lap simply made life easier, especially when Alonso was held up by Marussia's Charles Pic during that period - for which the Frenchman earned a drive-through penalty.

2012年May13日, Andrew Benson, “Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, 出自 BBC Sport:

Hold up the table while I slide this underneath.

抬一下桌子，我把这个滑进去。

In order to accommodate the new platform 4 and the reversibly signalled slow line, a deep cutting had to be cut back and held up in places with a concrete retaining wall.

1962 June, David Walters, “The new station and layout at Coventry”, 出自 Modern Railways，頁號 405:

hold up to scrutiny

hold up to heavy use

完成 (某协定的自己那部分)

I don't think he's holding up his end of the bargain.

我觉得他完不成那他部分约定。

The guy tried to hold up a bank.

经久不衰 （指艺术作品等）

Bride of Frankenstein is an old film, but it holds up.

《科学怪人的新娘》是一部老电影，但还是经久不衰。


Costa Rican

哥斯達黎加/哥斯大黎加的

He has a home in the Costa Rican hills.

他的家在哥斯達黎加的山丘上。

His dialect was distinctly Costa Rican.

他說話有一口明顯的哥斯達黎加口音。


unlocked

locked

不受任何特定運營商的約束的

不受鎖保護的，沒有鎖上的

an unlocked door

an unlocked computer file

不受任何特定運營商的約束的

an unlocked iPhone


zonk out

After a full day of playing, you'd think that kid would finally zonk out.

那小孩玩了一整天后，还以为他/她终于会昏睡过去了。


sure-fire

sure + fire，原用于指枪械的开火性能。

more sure-fire (comparative)
most sure-fire (superlative)

That hat should be a sure-fire way to spot him in a crowd.

用那个帽子绝对能在人群里认出他来。


offer one's condolences

offers one's condolences
offering one's condolences
offered one's condolences

The president offered his condolences to the mother of the dead soldier.

總統向死難士兵的母親致以哀悼。


sweet tooth

He eats a healthy diet most of the time, but has a sweet tooth when it comes to candy.

他大部分時間飲食都很健康，但只要有糖他就愛不釋手。


marauding

more marauding (comparative)
most marauding (superlative)

a marauding band

A marauding stoat entered the rabbit warren and killed fifteen bunnies.

一只凶残的短尾鼬闯进兔子窝，杀了15只兔子。

The marauding lion jumped the fence and killed the goat.

凶残的狮子跳过围栏，把那只山羊杀死了。


ageist

more ageist (comparative)
most ageist (superlative)

Upon hearing that his employer would soon require yearly physical examinations and vision screening, my father exclaimed that the policy was ageist.

听说雇主很快就会要求每年进行身体检查和视力检查，我父亲惊呼说这项政策是年龄歧视。

Even though she had succeeded in the phone interview, when the ageist employer learned that the candidate was only 18 years old, she became hesitant.

尽管电话面试成功了，但得知应聘者只有18岁时，这位年龄歧视的雇主还是犹豫了。


ageist

He didn’t like to think of himself as an ageist, but he had to admit that he hadn’t considered the needs of some of the more elderly participants.

他不乐于认为自己有年龄歧视，但他不得不承认，他没有考虑到一些年龄较大的参与者的需求。


au fait

more au fait (comparative)
most au fait (superlative)

Are you au fait with the rules of the game?

The Chevalier was, as usual, au fait at all the anecdotes of the court, which had been exceedingly gay, owing to the visit of Madame de Savoie and her daughter, the Princess Marguerite.

骑士像往常一样，对宫廷的所有轶事了如指掌，由于萨瓦夫人和她的女儿玛格丽特公主的来访，宫廷的气氛非常热烈。

1834, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Francesca Carrara, 卷 2，頁號 175:

Now there is father; he is au fait in all these matters; has a theory for every case of whooping-cough, – and a mission school.

现在有了父亲；他对所有这些事情都很熟悉；有一套适用于所有百日咳病例的理论，还有一所传教学校。

1871, Elizabeth Stuart Phelps, “The Silent Partner”, 出自 Popular American Literature of the 19th Century, →ISBN，頁號 857:

In that case, it would help to have a benevolent deity who is au fait with those complexities — but that there is such a deity is a feature of Stoic theology.

1999, R.J. Hankinson, The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy, →ISBN，頁號 535:

This may sound needless to the professional who is au fait with the history and direction of the investigation.

对于熟悉调查历史和方向的专业人士来说，这可能听起来没有必要。

2003, D R J Laming, Understanding Human Motivation: What Makes People Tick?, →ISBN，頁號 4:


scare off

A quick growl scared off the mouse.

一声急促的咆哮吓跑了老鼠。

The hefty price tag scared off any potential buyers.

高昂的价格吓跑了所有潜在的买家。


braking

the acceleratings and brakings of a vehicle


Godzilla

源自日語 ゴジラ (Gojira)，由ゴリラ (gorira, “大猩猩”)和鯨 (kujira)构成的混成词，为同名电影而造。

a Godzilla of a tower building

Aren't we supposed to be a big, terrifying country, a Godzilla of capitalism wrecking the globe?

2009, P. J. O'Rourke, Peace Kills, Atlantic Books, →ISBN:


habitué

借自法語 habitué，habituer (“使習慣於”)的過去分詞，源自晚期拉丁語 habituare (“習慣於”)，源自habitus。

/həˈbɪt͡ʃuˌeɪ/

A month ago the new smoking ban turned thousands of bar-room habitués into reluctant exiles from their usual corner seat.

一个月前新实施的禁烟令，使得数以千计的酒吧常客不情愿地离开他们常去的角落座位。

Indeed, many guests even became habitués in order to blaze a trail with reckless abandon seven days a week.

2011年September28日, Greg Simmons, “The most rock'n'roll hotel in the world? Los Angeles' Chateau Marmont”, 出自 The Guardian:


ailing

more ailing (comparative)
most ailing (superlative)

体弱多病的，身体差的，不健康的

She cared for her ailing brother day in, day out.

她夜以继日地照顾她那体弱多病的弟弟。

Based on the successful Class 59 but with a much more modern engine, what was to become the Class 66 was designed to replace much of the company's elderly and ailing locomotive fleet.

2021年February24日, “Fleet News: Class 66 history”, 出自 RAIL, 期 925，頁號 27:


haul ass

趕緊，趕快移動（尤指離開）

It's the cops! Haul ass!

trucks hauling ass on the interstate, trying to make up time

卡車在州際公路上飛馳，試圖彌補浪費掉的時間


washing-up liquid

I have to use a special washing-up liquid, because I have sensitive skin.

我必須用特製的洗潔精，因為我皮膚敏感。


pareil

Among writers he was a man without pareil.

在作家當中，他是無與倫比的。


ghostwriter

Ghostwriters, typically the faceless forces behind many books by famous non-writers, are now becoming more visible, with celebrities openly teaming up with high-profile professionals.

本身不是作家的名人，他们出版的许多书籍背后，都有一股不露面的力量帮忙添光加彩——代笔作家。随着现在名人公开与高知名度的专业人士合作，代笔作家正逐渐揭开他们的神秘面纱。

2021年April13日, Cady Lang, “How Celebrity Memoirs Got So Good [名人回忆录是怎样变得如此精彩的]”, 出自 Time:

Smith was listed as the author of his autobiography, but a ghostwriter did most of the work.

史密斯被列为自传的作者，但大部分工作都是由他人代笔的。


read like a book

reads like a book
reading like a book
read like a book

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-read like a book.ogg

（通過肢體語言或其他行為）清楚了解某人的想法、動機

I love playing poker against Maria because I can read her like a book.

我喜歡和瑪利亞打牌，因為我很清楚她出牌的思路。


cream of the crop

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-cream of the crop.ogg

They hoped to hire only the cream of the crop for the new project team.

他們希望只為新項目團隊聘請最優秀的人才。


crème de la crème

借自法語 crème de la crème (字面意思是“奶油中的奶油”)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-crème de la crème.ogg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-uk-creme de la creme.ogg

To be an astronaut you must be the crème de la crème.

要成為宇航員，你必須得是精英中的精英。


sculpturally

The artist expressed his ideas sculpturally.

這名藝術家通過雕塑來表達他的想法。


sculptural

more sculptural (comparative)
most sculptural (superlative)

His sculptural work never gained the acclaim his paintings did.

他的雕塑作品從未獲得過其畫作那樣的讚譽。


sculpt

源自法語 sculpter，源自拉丁語 sculpō (“雕刻，雕塑”)。

They sculpted a statue out of clay.

What do you do?
-I used to box, but now I sculpt.

您是做什麼工作的？
——我以前打拳擊，不過現在（改行）做雕塑了。

Landforms sculpted by the wind.


anarcho-syndicalist

An anarcho-syndicalist commune


sterilizer

The hospital was in trouble when the sterilizer broke; they almost had to shut down the operating room.

滅菌器壞了，醫院遇上了麻煩；他們幾乎不得不關閉手術室。


OS

We've got an OS of the Cuckmere area.

我們拿到了一幅測量局的卡克米爾河流域地圖。


aluminise

They would aluminise the glass in order to provide electrical conductivity.

他们会将玻璃镀铝以提供导电性。


shedding

the sheddings of blood under the Old Testament


Madame

對說法語女性及（習慣上）部分特定女性個人的稱呼，等同於 Mrs. 或 Ms.。

The Queen welcomed President and Madame De Gaulle.

女王對戴高樂總統伉儷表示歡迎。

Soong Mei-ling is often known as Madame Chiang Kai-Shek.

宋美齡通常被稱為蔣介石夫人。


go bust

goes bust
going bust
went bust
gone bust

Several thousand companies go bust in the UK each year.

英國每年有數千家公司破產。


ferm

He let his land to ferm.


atomically

an atomically powered locomotive


teambuilding

The Accounts department climbed a mountain together as a teambuilding exercise.

会计部门一起爬山作为团队建设活动。


stumbling block

可能起於聖經欽定本羅馬書 14:13 或哥林多前書 8:9，仿譯自通用希臘語 πρόσκομμα (próskomma)。

Idioms are a common stumbling block for learners of a language.

俗語是語言學習者路上常見的絆腳石。


diable

源自法語 (à la) diable，源自diable (“惡魔”)，源自古法語。devil, diablo, and diabolus的同源對似詞。

sauce diable


his ass

人称代词；第三人称，（至少包括）主语/宾语/反身，单数

His ass is always late.

Tell him to get his ass over here, or I'll dock his ass an hour's pay.

告诉他快点过来，不然就扣他妈的一小时工钱。


like hell

You'd better run like hell!

He had an innate honesty and humility, a work ethic that elevated him above most others in England. He knew what he wanted and worked like hell to try to make it happen.

2018年May4日, Tom English, “Steven Gerrard: A 'seriously clever or recklessly stupid' Rangers appointment”, 出自 BBC Sport:

Me do the washing up? Like hell I will!

You look like hell!

It stank like hell down there!


trousse

a surgeon's trousse


dynamic random access memory

DRAM is typically slower but much less expensive than SRAM, and is therefore often used as the main memory in a computer system.

動態隨機存取記憶體一般比靜態隨機存取記憶體要慢，但是便宜得多，因此常用作電腦系統中的主記憶體。


kick in

Upon hearing residents in the burning house, the passerby kicked in the front door and yelled to those inside.

听到起火的房子里有居民，路人踢开了前门，朝里面的人大喊。

People expect women [when they give birth] to have this instinct that kicks in.

2013, Richard Linklater, Julie Delpy and Ethan Hawke, Before Midnight (motion picture), Julie Delpy（演員）:

Once the wet kicks in up north, you can be stranded for months waiting for swollen rivers to subside to a crossable depth.]

2005, Sean Dooley, The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin，頁號 289:

You have to push the switch hard to get the heater to kick in.

你要用力推开关，才能把暖气打开。

I took my medication an hour ago, and it hasn't kicked in yet.

我一小时前服的药，现在还没见效。

贡献，交 （到某个筹款活动）

For the year-end party, we're asking each employee to kick in twenty dollars.

我们要求每个员工给年末聚会交20美元。

This is a worthy charity, so everyone should kick in.

这个慈善活动很有意义，每个人都应该捐点钱。


goss

gossip 的截斷形式。

The hottest goss in celeb-land today is that Angelina Jolie is jealous of her fella's relationship with his ex-wife.

To give myself a break from the energy sapping, demoralising patrolling of this uninviting habitat, and to get away from any more creepy visions, I decided to drive into Mount Isa, ostensibly to be within phone range so I could contact Bob Forsyth and find out any local goss from him.

2005, Sean Dooley, The Big Twitch, Sydney: Allen and Unwin，頁號 285:


subatomic

The electron microscope is able to resolve detail at the subatomic level.

电子显微镜能够在亚原子水平上分辨细节。


stubbornness

What is stubbornness? It is not only refusing to believe a crucial message, but also shunning or at least looking down on those, who stated or believed it in the first place.
Perhaps only when it's found too late for regrets will that person understand.

什麼是頑固不化？不僅僅是拒絕相信關鍵信息，而且還迴避，或至少看不起那些聲明或相信它的人。
也許只有這種人發現後悔已經來不及的時候，他們才會明白。


protégé

借自法語 protégé，protéger (“保護”)的過去分詞。

/ˈpɹoʊ.təˌʒeɪ/

His status as a protégé of the great artist had many benefits, but was ultimately a burden.

身為大藝術家的門生，固然有許多好處，但終究還是一種沉重的負擔。

While Yau was in China, he visited Xi-Ping Zhu, a protégé of his who was now chairman of the mathematics department at Sun Yat-sen University.
丘成桐在中國的時候，他去見了自己的學生，現在已是中山大學數學系主任的朱熹平。

Manifold Destiny by Sylvia Nasar and David Gruber, The New Yorker


effing and blinding

effing 來自“f'ing”，fucking 的委婉形式；blinding 則與 blimey（“God blind me”）有關。

Much effing and blinding could be heard from the fans when they discovered that their team had lost.

粉絲們發現隊伍失利後，都不禁破口大罵。


eff and blind

effs and blinds
effing and blinding
effed and blinded

I can't stand the way he's always effing and blinding.

他整天口吐芬芳，我忍不了。


absent-mindedness

心不在焉 （最早見於19世紀晚期）

I don't mean to make mistakes; it's just absent-mindedness.

我不是故意要犯錯的；只是心不在焉。

For six years they had taken care of him and loved him—watched over his outgoings and his incomings and forgiven all his absent-mindednesses.

六年裡，他們一直照顧他、愛護他——望著他走、他去、他來、他往，原諒他所有的心不在焉。


soupçon

Add a soupçon of red pepper.

coffee with a soupçon of cognac

No one is so depraved that a soupçon of goodness cannot be found in them.

世上可没有恶到身上连一点点善都不存有的人。

Henrietta, her niece, looked much prettier than she really was; she had good dark eyes, to which a soupçon of rouge, put on with such skill that few suspected it, gave all possible brightness.

1842, Letitia Elizabeth Landon, Lady Anne Granard, 卷 1，頁號 21:


destituent

源自拉丁語 destituens (“abandoning”), present participle of destituo (“I forsake, I abandon”)。

more destituent (comparative)
most destituent (superlative)

a destituent condition


twin prime

5 and 7, and 191 and 193, are pairs of twin primes.

5和7，191和193，都是一對孿生素數。


the fuck

可能是仿the hell，其为in the hell的缩短形式，用于如“What in the hell, ...”等词中。

他妈的 （用于构成动词短语的动词后，表达激进的强调情绪。）

Shut the fuck up.

“Get the fuck out of my house!” Sinclair bellowed, his face red, eyes bulging.

2004, Pun Plamondon, Lost from the Ottawa，頁號 84:

Ponytail tells fat boy, Drive the fuck off, get us out of here. He keeps the window down, still death-staring, You mine, motherfucker, wait and see, at Mickie.

2007, Ron Liebman, Death by Rodrigo, New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，頁號 134:

（用于构成常见疑问短语的缩短形式。）

The fuck was that?

The fuck you think you are?!

The fuck?