wonky

源自英语方言词 wanky，变换自中古英語 wankel (“不稳的，摇摇晃晃的”)，源自古英語 wancol (“不稳定的”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *wankul (“摇曳的，摇晃的，不稳的”)。

wonkier (comparative)
wonkiest (superlative)

rickety

虚弱的，不稳的，摇摇欲坠的

buggy

断断续续出现错误（bug）的

broken

断断续续出现错误（bug）的

虚弱的，不稳的，摇摇欲坠的

It seemed likely that he would need First Aid when those wonky steps yielded, at length, to the well-known law of gravitation.

1932, Frank Richards, The Magnet: The Terror of the Form:


fortnight

繼承自中古英語 fourtenight、fourten night，繼承自古英語 fēowertīene niht (“十四夜、十四天”)，等價於 fourteen + night。對照 sennight。

[ˈfɔ˞ʔ.nɐɪ̯t̚]

[ˈfɔəʔ.nɐjʔ]

On being kicked the girl fell desperately in love with Henri, and for a fortnight they lived together and spent a thousand francs of Henri's money.

1933年January9日, George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair], 章號 1, 出自 Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:

The “lame duck” Johnson Administration, in its final fortnight in office, grappled last week with a diplomatic hot potato in the form of the latest Soviet proposal for a “just and lasting” Middle East peace settlement.

1969年January12日, Benjamin Welles, “A Hot Potato for Nixon”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


cordial

繼承自中古英語 cordial，源自古法語 cordial，源自中世紀拉丁語 cordiālis (“心的”)，源自cor (“心”)。

/ˈkɔɹ.d͡ʒəl/

squash

（一种需要加水饮用的）甜果汁饮料

high juice

（一种需要加水饮用的）甜果汁饮料

（一种需要加水饮用的）甜果汁饮料


cheque

I was not carrying cash, so I wrote a cheque for the amount.

我没有带现金，所以我写了一张支票。

They do not, however, all deal with the same banker, and when A gives a cheque to B, B usually pays it not into the same but into some other bank.

然而，他们并不都与同一家银行打交道，当 A 给 B 一张支票时，B 通常不是将支票存入同一家银行，而是存入另一家银行。

1848, John Stuart Mill, Principles of Political Economy [政治經濟學原理], 出版於 1920，頁號 62:

Sometimes abbreviations are used (which would be explained on the statement) and only the last three figures of the cheque number may be given. ‘Sundries’ are cash or cheques paid into the account.
有时会使用缩写（会在声明中解释），并且只能提供支票号码的最后三位数字。“杂项”是指存入账户的现金或支票。

1999, Sam Seunarine, Office Procedures for the Caribbean, 2nd edition, reprinted 2001, page 126,

You can avoid dealing with paper cheques — written or printed — by paying your bills online.

您可以通过在线支付账单来避免处理纸质支票——无论是手写的还是印刷的。

2007, Eric Tyson, Tony Martin, Personal Finance for Canadians for Dummies:

The daily cheque clearings began around 1770 when bank clerks met at the Five Bells (a tavern in Lombard Street in the City of London) to exchange all their cheques in one place and settle the balances in cash.
每日支票结算始于1770年左右，当时银行职员在 Five Bells（伦敦金融城倫巴底街的一家小酒馆）会面，在一个地方兑换所有支票并以现金结算余额。

2009, R. Rajesh, T. Sivagnanasithi, Banking Theory Law & Practice, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi, page 206,


legend

源自中古英語 legende，源自古法語 legende，源自中世紀拉丁語 legenda (“传说，故事，尤指圣人的故事”)，源自拉丁語 legenda (“应该一读的东西”)，源自lego (“阅读”)。

inscription

（钱币、勋章或纹章盾牌上的）刻字，铭文

人物： 传奇 救星，恩人

Michael Jordan stands as a legend in basketball.

迈克尔·乔丹在篮球界是一个传奇。

I've lost my pen! —Here mate, borrow mine. —You legend.

我找不到我的笔了！ —拿去，借我的吧。—你真是救了我一命。


daft

源自中古英語 dafte、defte (“温柔的；礼貌的；谦逊的；尴尬的；无聊的；粗野的”)，源自古英語 dæfte (“乐于助人的；温柔的”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *daftī (“合适的”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *dʰh₂ebʰ- (“适”)。与古英語 dafnian、dafenian (“合适的”)、俄語 до́брый (dóbryj, “好的”)有关。
对比silly，其原指“很好的；无辜的；可怜的；弱小的”，但现在指“愚蠢的”。
与daff (“笨蛋；愚蠢的”)（过去式daffed）无关，但可能受到了其影响。

dafter (comparative)
daftest (superlative)

a daft idea

Thou art the daftest fuill that ever I saw. / Trows thou, man, be the law to get remeid / Of men of kirk? Na, nocht till thou be deid.

You are the daftest fool that ever I saw. / Trust you, man, by the law to get a remedy / 源自men of the church? No, not till you are dead.

1602, David Lyndesay [i.e., David Lyndsay], Ane Satyre of the Thrie Estaits, in Commendation of Vertew and Vitvperation of Vyce (語言：低地蘇格蘭語), Edinburgh: Printed be Robert Charteris, →OCLC; 再版為 Ane Satyre of the Thrie Estaits, in Commendation of Vertew and Vitvperation of Vyce (Early English Text Society, Original Series; no. 37), [London]: [Published for the Early English Text Society, by N[icholas] Trübner & Co.], [1869], →OCLC，頁號 451，行號s 2008–2010:

In case you haven't heard of them [the Taipings], I must tell you that they were another of those incredible phenomena that made China the topsy-turvey mess it was, like some fantastic land from Gulliver, where everything was upside down and out of kilter. Talk about moonbeams from cucumbers; the Taipings were even dafter than that.

1985, George MacDonald Fraser, 章號 1, 出自 Flashman and the Dragon: 源自the Flashman Papers, 1860, London: Collins Harvill, →ISBN; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Plume, 1987, →ISBN:

You haven't exactly been playing the master tactician through all this, but that seems the daftest course you could possibly have taken.

1990, Iain Pears, The Raphael Affair, London: Gollancz, →ISBN; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Harper, 2014, →ISBN，頁號 22:

The boy gathered himself up, shook his shaggy head, and, said, in a piteous tone: 'Davie's daft!' 'Davie's daft!' He then kicked the poor idiot till his cries attracted the attention of the guests, some of whom immediately came to the spot: […]

1843 April, “The Vale of Glencoe: A Tale of Scotland”, 出自 The Knickerbocker, or New-York Monthly Magazine, 卷 XXI, 期 4, New York, N.Y.: Published by John Allen, […], →OCLC，頁號 339:

‘It’s a lee [lie],’ says the man; ‘she’s either drunk or daft.’ / ‘Me drunk, you ill-tongued vagabond!’ says my Auntie Kirsty, who couldna bear such a reproach on her good name, ‘I’m a’ but blackfasting this day from either meat or drink; you had better no meddle wi’ my character.’

1876, S[arah] R. Whitehead, “On the Wrong Coach”, 出自 Daft Davie and Other Sketches of Scottish Life and Character, London: Hodder and Stoughton, […], →OCLC，頁號 220:


cheerio

/ˈtʃɪəɹ.i.əʊ/

/ˈt͡ʃɪəɹ.i.oʊ/

在北美很少使用。儘管其他人可能可以理解，但這個詞可能被視作幽默用法，且可能被用來模仿英式英語使用者。

"In that case," said Archie, relieved, "cheerio, good luck, pip-pip, toodle-oo, and good-bye-ee! I'll be shifting!"

「這樣的話，」阿奇鬆了口氣，「再見，祝你好運，再見，再見，再見！我要走了！」

1921, P. G. Wodehouse, Indiscretions of Archie, ch. XIII. Rallying Round Percy:

But we all knew it wasn't the final end of the HST. This wasn't "goodbye", more like a "cheerio", see you someplace soon.

但我們都知道這並不是 HST 的最終結束。 這不是「goodbye」，更像是「cheerio」很快就會在某個地方見到你。

2019年October23日, Pip Dunn, “The next king of Scotland”, 出自 Rail，頁號 50:


cheerio

/ˈtʃɪəɹ.i.əʊ/

/ˈt͡ʃɪəɹ.i.oʊ/

一種小香腸，在聚會上經常搭配番茄醬一起食用

The man who has gone around the cocktail circuit pounding cheerios to the end of time did not come in here and open his mouth once on the Bill.

1978, New Zealand. Parliament. House of Representatives, Parliamentary Debates，頁號 4230:


centred

centered的英國、愛爾蘭、加拿大、澳大利亞、新西蘭和南非拼寫法


cadet

借自法語 cadet，源自加斯科涅语 capdet，源自晚期拉丁語 capitellum (“小头”)。1634年起在英语内可考。
caddy、caudillo和capitellum的同源對似詞。


glowworm

繼承自中古英語 glouworm；等同於glow + worm。
對照德語 Glühwurm。


feed

繼承自中古英語 fede、fed，源自詞源1。

One proposed going to Hungerford-market to do a feed on decayed shrimps or other offal laying about the market; another proposed going to Covent-garden to do a 'tightener' of rotten oranges, to which I was humorously invited; […]

184?, Henry Mayhew, London Labour and the London Poor

"There won't be any more blessed concerts for a million years or so; there won't be any Royal Academy of Arts, and no nice little feeds at restaurants."

1898, H.G. Wells, The War of the Worlds, London: William Heinemann，頁號 257:


banger

源自bang + -er。香肠这么称呼的原因是因为它们水很多，但表皮不透水，因此如果在烹饪前不戳破的话很容易爆炸。

bangers and mash


biro

源自 BIC 公司生產的 BIRO 品牌鋼筆，該品牌以鋼筆的發明者比羅·拉斯洛（Bíró László József）命名。

Massimo's finger was poised above red on his multi-coloured biro like a kangaroo frozen in headlights.

2007, Karen Foxlee, The Anatomy of Wings, page 250,


manoeuvre

源自中古法語 manœuvre (“操作”)，manouvrer (“操作，調動”) ← 古法語 manovre (“體力勞動”) ← 中世紀拉丁語 manopera, manuopera (“手上工作”)，manu (“用手”) + operari (“工作”)，可能源自古法蘭克語 *handwerc (“手上工作”)。對比古英語 handweorc, 古英語 handġeweorc, 德語 Handwerk。

maneuver的英國、加拿大、愛爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭拼寫法


manoeuvre

maneuver的英國、加拿大、愛爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞和新西蘭拼寫法


sprog

起於20世紀40年代，原為軍隊俚語，可能源自舊詞sprag (“活潑的年輕男子”)，源頭不明。

To test this hypothesis further, he and his mate Fifer persuaded 16 women, heavy with child, to read a story called The Cat in the Hat to their unborn sprogs, twice a day, during the last few weeks of their pregnancies.

1984 September 13, Donald Gould, Forum: Suck it and see, page 54,

Kids will love the climbing wall and NZ′s highest vertical slide. If the sprogs get bored with reality, movie make-believe (p232) is right next door.

2010, Brett Atkinson, Sarah Bennett, Scott Kennedy, New Zealand′s South Island, Lonely Planet, page 220,


pom

在澳大利亞，最早出現於1912年。源自pomegranate〈俚〉原義“石榴”，此處表示“移民”，指澳大利亞的毒辣太陽能把英國移民的皮膚曬得像石榴一般紅。

I could see more than mere humour in car stickers that read ‘Grow your own Dope: Plant a Pom’ ... ‘Keep Australia Beautiful: Shoot a Pom’.

1987, Linda Christmas, The Ribbon and the Ragged Square: An Australian Journey, page 27,

The prize for being Australia′s original pom goes to the enterprising pirate William Dampier, who made the first investigations ashore about 40 years after Tasman and nearly 100 years before Cook.

1989, Tony Wheeler, Australia: A Travel Survival Kit, Lonely Planet, page 10,

At one stage a group called British People Against Racial Discrimination complained to the Advertising Standards Board in Australia about an advert for Tooheys beer that claimed it was ‘cold enough to scare a Pom’.

2008, Lawrence Booth, Cricket, Lovely Cricket?, page 214,


puku

He groaned loud with his mouth open. Then he wet himself. And then he rolled over on to his puku.

2011, Anahera Gildea, Anita Tipene, Ann French, Huia Short Stories 9: Contemporary Maori Fiction (volume 9)


Caesarean section

可能音變自拉丁語短語 a caesō mātris uterō (“[出生]自母親子宮的切口”)，可能是凱撒名字的由來。參見Caesar、caedō，以及英語維基百科條目Caesarean section § Etymology。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EN-AU ck1 Caesarean section.ogg


scull

參見skull。動詞義可能派生自丹麥語/挪威語/瑞典語 skål。

In 1954, Bob Hawke made the Guinness Book of Records for sculling 2.5 pints of beer in 11 seconds.

2005, Jane Egginton, Working and Living Australia, The Sunday Times, Cadogan Guides, UK, page 59,

That way you get your opponent so gassed up from sculling beer that all he can think about is trying to burp without spewing.

2005, Stefan Laszczuk, The Goddamn Bus of Happiness, page 75,

For a livelier scene, head here on Friday or Saturday night, when mass beer-sculling (chugging) and yodeling are accompanied by a brass band and costumed waitresses ferrying foaming beer steins about the atmospheric, cellarlike space.

2006, Marc Llewellyn, Lee Mylne, Frommer′s Australia from $60 a Day, 14th Edition, page 133,

After a three-day Torquay-to-Sydney road trip with his hosts, Noll rejoined his American temmates, unshaven and stinking of alcohol, the Team USA badge ripped from his warm-up jacket and replaced by an Aussie-made patch of Disney character Gladstone Gander sculling a frothy mug of beer.

2010, Matt Warshaw, The History of Surfing, page 136,

I sipped it. It was thick and sweet and yuck. It went somewhere and did something I couldn't pinpoint. I sculled the rest.


dogman

吊車司機的助手，主要幫忙扣緊貨物和指揮操作員。

Accordingly, during 1972 the union embarked upon a concerted campaign to enforce the use of two dogmen on each crane.

1998, Meredith Burgmann, Verity Burgmann, Green Bans, Red Union: Environmental Activism and the New South Wales Builders Labourers′ Federation, page 108,

The usual crane crew required for operation of the site was one crane driver and two dogmen, but the BLF insisted that the builder keep a relief crane driver and a relief dogman permanently on site.

2005, Henry Pollack, The Accidental Developer: The Fascinating Rise to the Top of Mirvac Founder Henry Pollack, page 243,

The only work I had done as a dogman was to use a crane on the back of a truck ‘slinging loads’ and work the crane and truck myself.

2010, Raymond D. Clements, Aussie Rogue, page 59,


public transport

The Airports National Policy Statement objectives require the proportion of journeys made to the airport by passengers to be at least 50% by public transport by 2030 and 55% by 2040.

2019 October, John Glover, “Heathrow rail expansion”, 出自 Modern Railways，頁號 71:


trapezium

最早記錄出現在1570年，古典借詞，源自晚期拉丁語 trapezium，源自古希臘語 τραπέζιον (trapézion, “不規則四邊形的”, 字面意思是“小桌子”)，τράπεζα (trápeza, “桌子”)的指小詞。trapeze的同源對似詞。


cuts

‘I′ll give you something to keep you awake, McFadyen!’ Ape shouted.

1995, Bill Marsh, Ape, Old Yanconian Daze, page 110,

He reckons that about 80% of the boys in the school regularly received the cuts from Mr Saunders so he didn′t feel as if he was being unduly picked on.

他估計，學校裡大概有80%的男生都經常受到桑德斯先生的體罰，所以他並不覺得自己是被故意挑中的。

2001, Lyall Ford, Poorhouse to Paradise: The Adventures of a Pioneering Family in a North Queensland Country Town，頁號 55:

My greatest happiness is that Sebastian is having a good time at school and has never been given the cuts.

我最開心的事情就是，塞巴斯蒂安在學校過得好，沒被老師體罰。

2008, Gaynor McGrath, Lemniscate，頁號 250:


points

switch

能切換鐵道線路的可移動鐵軌

能切換鐵道線路的可移動鐵軌


savoury

savourier (comparative)
savouriest (superlative)

savory的另一種寫法


savoury

savory的另一種寫法


builder's bum

當褲子穿得太低或彎腰時露出的臀部頂端


innit

用来代替任何否定的附加疑问句，无论人称、性数、或动词是什么。

You like listening to pop music, innit?

你喜欢听流行音乐，对吧？

You were dissing my girl, innit?

I like pop music innit


the jig is up

jig曾指“活泼的舞蹈”，在伊丽莎白时代，还曾经是指“恶作剧”的俚语。该词即派生自这个弃用俚语词。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-the jig is up.ogg

（当自己说时）我们被打了个措手不及，我们完蛋了，我们穿帮了；（当对他人说时）你们已经被拆穿了，你们完蛋了

We knew then the jig was up, and it was no grin matter for us.

When I first told 'em how the jig was up with us, that the British were going to have the land, without any fighting about it, I never see fellows so mad before in my life, unless it was Major Eaton at Washington when he sot out to flog Mr. Ingham.

1833, Seba Smith (as Jack Downing), The life and writings of Major Jack Downing, of Downingville, away down East in the State of Maine, Lilly; Wait; Colman & Holden，頁號 176:

After I had returned home in the spring of 1893 from Washington, where I saw so many gray-haired men who had held high elective office begging for the crumbs from Cleveland's table, I gave my wife an account of what I observed, and told her that when the jig was up for me I would hasten back to Missouri to begin the practice of law once more and be a man among men.

1920, Champ Clark, My Quarter Century of American Politics, Harper & brothers，頁號 96:

The universe works in strange ways: just when you think the jig is up, you get a second chance.

2007, Mary Newport, in Jerry Newport and Mary Newport, Mozart and the Whale: An Asperger's Love Story, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁號 248:


aggro

源自aggravation 的截斷形式 + -o (指小后缀)，受到了aggressive的影响。

more aggro (comparative)
most aggro (superlative)

“The Chuckster say you two be finding aggro idiot who kilt Long,” said Dude.
I thought I understood but looked at Charles for help.
“Aggro means pissed off.” translated Charles. He still hadn't cracked a smile. Tardiness made Charles aggro.

2011, Bill Noel., The Marsh: A Folly Beach Mystery，頁號 70:


demeanour

demeanor的英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭和加拿大拼寫法

By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.

1922, Ben Travers, 章號 4, 出自 A Cuckoo in the Nest:


bit on the side

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EN-AU ck1 bit on the side.ogg

I'm married to Paula, but Jackie, my bit on the side, is far more fun.

我妻子是Paula，但是我的小三Jackie可比她有意思多了。


give way sign

指示道路使用者給其他使用者讓路的路標