skeeve

skeevy 的逆構詞，源自意大利語。

skeeves (third-person singular present)
skeeving (present participle)
skeeved (past participle)

使...厌恶，使...恶心

I asked her, one time, if it didn't maybe skeeve her to work for a crud like Duke.

1964，Lou Cameron，The Block Busters，頁 186:

"Those are not me — preppy jackets skeeve me! I hate those shoes."

2007，Alexander Theroux，Laura Warholic, Or, The Sexual Intellectual，頁 215:

At twenty-three, Eric wasn't that much older than my nineteen, but that didn't mean his pseudo-comeons didn't skeeve me out. There was something almost menacing about him.

2013，Alyssa Rose Ivy，Soar (The Empire Chronicles #1):

His mother is repulsed by his uncle; he has heard her whisper it in the kitchen, "I skeeves him, Charley." She is Italian.

You could put that needle in your arm? Man, I skeeve that like death.

Tony's reply: "How can I skeeve you, you're the mother of my children!" Non- Italians can easily figure out that Carmela is hurt because she thinks Tony finds her physically unappealing.

2007，George De Stefano，An Offer We Can't Refuse: The Mafia in the Mind of America，頁 173:

Indeed, when baby-voiced Teresa describes the bone-crunching finishes in her new home, a 12,000-square-foot French chateau simulacrum that’s “all granite, marble and onyx,” and avers her commitment to the brand-spanking new (“I just skeeve looking at other people’s houses,” she says.

2009年May28日，Penelope Green，“Jersey Girls, Nesting”, in New York Times:

I remember Phil telling O'Maurigan after the Schuyler reading he's afraid I won't ever write a book— not because I'm lazy, or don't have the self-esteem, but because I skeeve on stealing.

1993，James McCourt，Time Remaining, →ISBN，頁 67:

“Beecher,” Clementine whispers, “if this is skeeving you out, let's just skip the room and—” ¶ “I'm fine. No skeeving at all,” I tell her, knowing full well that Iris would've had me leave ten minutes ago.

2011，Brad Meltzer，The Inner Circle, chapter 3:


skeeve

skeevy 的逆構詞，源自意大利語。

He looked so fucking competent, for a skeeve with greasy blond hair pulled into a ponytail, a beaded headband, and callused bare feet.


sleighing

I heard magnificent accounts of the balls, parties, sleighings, and country frolics, which take place […]

我听到了关于舞会、聚会、坐雪橇和乡村嬉戏的精彩描述，这些活动 […]

1852，Sir Edward William Watkin，A Trip to the United States and Canada: In a Series of Letters [美国和加拿大之旅：一系列书信]，頁 26:


palm oil

“賄賂”義項中的“palm”指的是手掌。

同類詞：palm kernel oil (勿混淆)、olive oil

Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia.

自1980年代中期，印度尼西亚开始大规模砍伐其丰富的森林，转而种植利润丰厚的棕榈油以来，“雾霾”几乎每年都会在东南亚出现。

2013年June29日，“Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8842，頁 29:


house of ill fame

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-house of ill fame.ogg

開展色情服務的場所；妓院

Thirty men were arrested July 26 and charged with "open and gross lewdness" in an early-morning vice squad raid on the Quagmire bar basement. Police also arrested the bar's manager, Barcaly Churchill, and owner, Lloyd Swanson, charging them with a number of counts, including the keeping of a house of ill fame and the dissemination of obscene matter.

7月26日凌晨，扫黄队突袭了 Quagmire 酒吧地下室，逮捕了30名男子，并指控他们“公开猥亵”。警方还逮捕了酒吧经理 Barcaly Churchill 和老板 Lloyd Swanson，指控他们多项罪名，包括经营淫秽场所和传播淫秽内容。

1981年August8日，Larry Goldsmith，“Boston Police Arrest 30 Men in Bar Raid [波士顿警方在酒吧突袭中逮捕30名男子]”, in Gay Community News [同性恋社区新闻]，頁 1:


ill fame

Sea-poppies and ragwort were plants of ill-fame, too.

海罂粟和千里光也是名声不好的植物。

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 157:


Nehruvian

more Nehruvian (comparative)
most Nehruvian (superlative)

尼赫魯的；賈瓦哈拉爾·尼赫魯的 （自20世紀中後期）

‘India's villages are the colonies of the city,’ Singh often complained about Nehruvian India.

“印度的村庄是城市的殖民地”，辛格经常这样抱怨尼赫鲁统治下的印度。

Pakistan took a quite different route, pursuing a Western-oriented, free-market approach at a time when India was shackled by Nehruvian autarky, strict state controls and Soviet-style five-year plans.

巴基斯坦选择了一条截然不同的道路，在印度受到尼赫鲁式自给自足、严格的国家控制和苏联式五年计划的束缚时，巴基斯坦推行了西方导向的自由市场经济。

2023，Zareer Masani，“From Bengal to Bollywood [从孟加拉到宝莱坞]”, in Literary Review，期 520:


damme

And now, have at the Ministry, Damme!

1809，James Gillray，Pillars of the Constitution:


Wokepedia

Elon Musk has called on his followers to stop donating to Wikipedia which he derogatorily referred to as Wokepedia due to its significant budget allocation for diversity, equity and inclusion (DEI) initiatives, reported New York Post.

据《纽约邮报》报道，埃隆·马斯克呼吁他的追随者停止向维基百科捐款，因为维基百科为多样性、公平性和包容性 (DEI) 计划拨出了大量预算，他将维基百科贬称为“觉醒百科”。

2024年December27日，@VileGrim，“Wikipedia at Elon Musk's crosshairs, slams its $50 million DEI budget, calls it 'Wokepedia'”, in The Economic Times:

Wokepedia -- sorry, I mean Wikipedia -- showing more than ever they're a group of far-left political fanatics. They don't bother to hide their activism anymore. Such insecure self-serving nerds that they can't even report reality -- only their paranoid delusions.

觉醒百科——对不起，我说的是维基百科——比以往任何时候都更清楚地表明他们是一群极左政治狂热分子。他们不再费心隐藏自己的激进。这群如此没有安全感、自私自利的书呆子，甚至无法报道现实——只有他们的偏执妄想。


culturicide

/kʌlˈt͡ʃʊəɹɪˌsaɪd/

文化滅絕（对一种文化的系统性破坏）

If culturicide is to be prevented, certain means must be employed.

如果要防止文化灭绝，就必须采取某些手段。

1969，New Physician，卷 18, Reston, Va.: American Medical Student Association, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 617:

In effect, the textbooks commit what we term culturecide: the destruction of a culture, either by physical force or through symbolic means. The textbooks contribute to such destruction by distorting and omitting information […]

实际上，教科书犯下了我们所说的文化灭绝罪：通过武力或象征手段摧毁一种文化。教科书通过扭曲和省略信息助长了这种破坏 […]

1974，Education and Cultural Process: Toward an Anthropology of Education [教育与文化进程：走向教育人类学]，New York, N.Y., London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, →ISBN，頁 529:

Though culturecide is in and of itself not genocide, it does threaten the existence of a group if individual actions assume a quantitative mass whose collective impact can result in the demise of a group.

尽管文化灭绝本身并不是种族灭绝，但如果个人行为的数量达到一定程度，其集体影响可能导致一个群体的灭亡，那么它确实会威胁到一个群体的存在。

1998，State Crime [国家犯罪] (International Library of Criminology, Criminal Justice and Penology)，卷s I (Defining, Delineating, and Explaining State Crime), Aldershot, Hampshire: Dartmouth, →ISBN，頁 384:


ignorati

故意装无知的人；选择忽略不利事实或基于谎言公开发表言论的人

(title)

2011年October28日，Joseph Romm，“The New York Times joins the energy and climate ignorati”, in Grist Magazine:

First, we'll show you why you want to erase every piece of misinformation with which the wellness ignorati have indoctrinated you.

2013，Tom Emerick, Al Lewis，Cracking Health Costs: How to Cut Your Company's Health Costs and Provide Employees Better Care, →ISBN:

Amazon didn't patent the white cyc or the white background as the ignorati have claimed; they only patented a clever method to get the reflecting floor to blend seamlessly into the background, as-shot in-camera.

2014年June2日，Steve Schuler，“DIY Photo Light Box: Did Amazon Patent Photography Against A White Background”, in Science 2.0:

Carly has to appease the Ignorati (as I dub the right-wing base), so she touts a nonexistent fetus-harvesting video.

2015年September23日，Richard J. Rosendall，“Appeasing the Ignorati”, in Washington Blade:

The Islamic State group is doing well recruiting thousands from Europe and America, mainly young ignorati, with its pitch that they are defending Muslims against the crusaders bent on extermination of their religion.

伊斯兰国宣称他们致力于保护穆斯林免遭那些致力于消灭伊斯兰教的十字军的侵害，因此成功地从欧洲和美国招募了数千名成员，其中大部分是揣着明白装糊涂的小年轻。

2015年December14日，Mortimer B. Zuckerman，“To Defeat the Islamic State Group, Fight Smarter”, in U.S. News & World Report:


alluminate

借自拉丁語 allūminō (“照亮”)。

alluminates (third-person singular present)
alluminating (present participle)
alluminated (past participle)

This enables concrete comparisons to be made among teachers and among children who experienced similar and differenct classroom organization, effectively controlling for personal characteristics to alluminate structural effects .

1983，Elizabeth Lueder Karnes, John C Downs, Donald D. Black，Discipline in Our Schools: An Annotated Bibliography，頁 9:

The principal source of light used to alluminate the flow in the working section consisted of a 1000 watts lamp and a cooling system.

1992，Proceedings of the ... Congress of the International Council of the Aeronautical Sciences: volume 18 Issues 1-2:

I will celebrate our fallen queer soldiers, and shine the light upon twisted sisters and their butch brothers so it can alluminate the pathAlike Dioginese lantern) down the tricky slopes to the future.

2011，Red Jordan Arobateau，Passage --Vol. 1，頁 140:

In many conversions a single phrase seems to alluminate the whole Bible or a mere image to bring peace and assurance to the soul.

2017，Julian H. Franklin，Jean Bodin，頁 293:


illude

源自拉丁語 illūdō。

illudes (third-person singular present)
illuding (present participle)
illuded (past participle)

deceive

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

delude

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

dupe

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

fool

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

mislead

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

trick

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

欺騙，迷惑，置……於幻覺中

The fleshly children of Adam bee so politicke, subtil, craftie, and wise, in theyre kynde, that the electe should be illuded if it were possible:

1547，Catherine Parr，The Lamentation of a Sinner,:

Tis now but wicked vanity to thinke,
To color vitious deeds with good pretence,
Or with bought colors to illude mens sense.

1611，John Donne，An Anatomy of the World，London: Samuel Macham:

The lines and shapes of mountains (features strongly marked) are easily caught and retained: but these meteor-forms, this rich fluctuation of airy hues, offer such a profusion of variegated splendor, that they are continually illuding the eye with breaking into each other; and are lost, as it endeavours to retain them.

1786，William Gilpin，Observations, Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty, Made in the Year 1772，London: R. Blamire, Vol. 1, Section 6, p. 86:

His [Jonathan Swift’s] versatile pen was prolific […] of fiction erected of impossible materials, and yet so creating and peopling a world of fancy as to illude the reader into temporary belief in its truth.

他（乔纳森·斯威夫特）的笔法灵活多变 […] 创作了大量以不可能的素材构建的小说，并且营造出一个充满幻想的世界，使读者暂时相信它的真实性。

1873，Henry Coppée，章號 26, in English Literature, Considered as an Interpreter of English History，Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger，頁 269:

I had a sudden sense of mismatch, of profound incongruity—between what I imagined I felt and what I actually saw, between what I had thought and what I now found. I felt, for a dizzying, vertiginous moment, that I had been profoundly deceived, illuded, by my senses: an illusion—such an illusion—as I had never before known.

我突然有一种错位感，一种深刻的不协调感——在我想象的感受和我实际看到的之间，在我所想的和我现在发现的之间。在那一瞬间，我感到头晕目眩，我被我的感官深深地欺骗、迷惑了：一种幻觉——一种我从未经历过的幻觉。

1984，Oliver Sacks，章號 2, in A Leg to Stand On，New York: Summit Books，頁 69:


imaginator

源自拉丁語 imāginātus（imāginārī 的過去分詞）+ 英語 -or。對照中古英語 ymagynatourys (“阴谋家；密谋者”)。

Secondly, hee would teach, that hee was as hee ſeemed to bee, true very man, fleſh, bloud, and bone as wee truely are; which the Divell denyed in the Docitæ [read Docetæ] or Imaginators, who held nothing reall, what hee [Christ] was, what hee did, what hee ſuffered, but all onely ſeeming ſo and in appearance.

1642，Richard Montagu，The Acts and Monuments of the Church Before Christ Incarnate，London: […] Miles Flesher and Robert Young，頁 491:

Suppose, if it be possible, that such a proposition had been made, or that such a prophecy had been ventured, in May 1834, as that in the spring of 1835 a Whig cabinet should be formed without thinking of Lord Brougham, and that some minor office should have been tossed to him, as you throw a bone to a dog! Would not the imaginator of such a thing have been treated as a maniac or a fool?

1835 May，“The State and Prospects of Toryism in May, 1835”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country，卷 XI, London: James Fraser, […]，頁 612，列 2:

We may add, and our author has knowledge of the fact, that not even the Germans, those masterly delineators and imaginators of fairy-land, have shown greater or more exquisite insight into the lives and ways of elfs and fays than that which was shown by George Cruikshank.

我们可以补充一点，而且我们的作者也知道这样一个事实，即使是德国人，那些童话世界的大师级描绘者和想象者，对精灵和仙女的生活的描绘，其所展示的洞察力，也不比乔治·克鲁克香克更精湛。

1882年October7日，“The Life of George Cruikshank: in Two Epochs. By Blanchard Jerrold. […]”, in The Athenæum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama，期 2867, London: […] John C. Francis, […]，頁 471，列 1:

The musicological dancer and the historyteller inspired each other, sometimes in conspiracy also with Tessa the critical stage manager and Beni their imaginator of set and costumes.

1996，Jonathan Bayliss，Gloucestertide，Rockport, Mass.: Protean Press, →ISBN，頁 260:


circumfulgent

more circumfulgent (comparative)
most circumfulgent (superlative)

Turning from the first glance at the circumfulgent splendour, it dwindled into nothing as he looked again at the lady.

1883，George MacDonald，The Princess and Curdie:


splendent

繼承自中古英語 splendaunt，源自古法語 splendiant（esplendiier 及 esplendent 的現在分詞），拉丁語 splendēns、splendentis（splendēre (“發光”) 的現在分詞）。

more splendent (comparative)
most splendent (superlative)

After the triumph followed the faire Parthenopeian Leria, with a lawrell crowne, accompanied with Melanthia, whose habites and voices represented the pride of Greece,[A] whereupon the great Macedon rested his head: She bare a splendent lampe, communicating the light thereof with hir companion, then the rest more excellent both in voice and song.

July 1st, Daun had crossed the Elbe (Daun let us say for brevity, though it is Daun and Karl, or even Karl and Daun, Karl being chief, and capable of saying so at times, though Daun is very splendent since Kolin),--crossed the Elbe above Brandeis; Nadasti, with precursor Pandours, now within an hour's march of Jung-Bunzlau;--and it was time to go.

1759，Thomas Carlyle，History of Friedrich II. of Prussia, Vol. XVIII. (of XXI.):

--And lo! toward me, next, Another of those splendent forms approach'd, That, by its outward bright'ning, testified The will it had to pleasure me.

1814，The Rev. H. F. Cary, M.A.，The Vision of Paradise, Complete:


cheffer

源自 chef (“刺傷或割傷”) + -er。

Grab the mic and I drop my cheffer

2020年October13日，Vlone975 where Vlone （作曲作詞）, “Ben n’ Jerry’s”:

.38 in my pouch, man do it with skills
Man do it with tekkers, swing my cheffer

2021年December9日，Bully B X Stewie X LR (Sin Squad), there Bully B （作曲作詞）, “Hello”，0:40–0:45:


beer parlor

Observational study of alcohol consumption in natural settings: The Vancouver beer parlor.

自然环境中酒精消费的观察性研究：温哥华啤酒馆。

1994，Clement Vonnie V，Research and Intervention: Preventing Substance Abuse in Higher Education:

You go to the beer parlor, you know everybody.

你去啤酒馆走一趟，就能认识所有人。

1998，Antonio Azuela, Emilio Duhau，Evictions and the Right to Housing:

At UBC Canada, the student center also houses an auditorium and a beer parlor for students called the Pit, as well as a bowling alley on the lower ground floor.

在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学，学生中心还设有一个礼堂和一个名为 Pit 的学生啤酒馆，以及位于地下层的保龄球馆。

2006，Ashok Malhotra，Fundamentals of Excellence in Technical and other Universities:


hirundine

源自拉丁語 hirundo (“燕子”)。

/hɪˈɹʌndʌɪn/

I have not met with these hirundine star-titles except in these two instances, and I think them both incorrect.

除了这两种情况外，我没见过这些燕子星的称号，而且我认为它们都是不正确的。

1899，R.H. Allen，Star Names and their Meaning，頁 44:


hirundine

源自拉丁語 hirundo (“燕子”)。

/hɪˈɹʌndʌɪn/

‘...and so, gentlemen, I believe I may confidently state that the hibernation of swallows, and of all other hirundines, is conclusively proved,’ said Mr Lamb, with a defiant glare at his audience.

“……因此，先生们，我相信我可以自信地说，燕子和所有其他燕科鸟类的冬眠已经有了确凿的证据，”兰姆先生用挑衅的目光瞪着他的听众说道。


attentively

繼承自中古英語 attentifly、attentifli，等價於 attentive + -ly。

more attentively (comparative)
most attentively (superlative)

仔細地，細心地；專心地，留意地

When Major saw that they had all made themselves comfortable and were waiting attentively, he cleared his throat and began

1945年August17日，George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair]，章號 1, in Animal Farm […]，London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:


Pissrael

Time for Pissrael to give up ITS weapons of mass destruction.

现在是以色列放弃大规模杀伤性武器的时候了。

2004年November8日，John Keller，“Re: ~ I'D LIKE TO SEE THE PUSSY U.S. SOLDIERS FIGHT AN ARMY! ~”, in alt.fan.howard-stern (Usenet):

I have as much right to hate Pissrael as you have to hate France. I have MORE RIGHT.

我有权憎恨以色列，就如同你有权憎恨法国一样。我的权利更大。

2006年July22日，slip_i...@yahoo.com，“Re: Pat Buchanan: No, This Is Not 'Our War'”, in alt.conspiracy (Usenet):

Actually Pissrael should be embargoed.

事实上，以色列应该被禁运。

2006年September9日，Gary Renzetti，“Re: Gaza: The new Warsaw Ghetto”, in soc.culture.israel (Usenet):


Toorkey

Lets^([sic]) see Armenia with your claimed 3% growth and Turkey with 6% growth
your numbers toorkey ;-) Lets^([sic]) see with your Numbers you are trying to
pass 20 so I'll give you that just to show you something :-) and
Toorkey Inflation was more then 75%. Now don't you see with your
twisted numbers we are still ahead growth vs infaltion^([sic])?. bye bye
toorkey ;-) Will post the numbers monday :-) bye bye toorkey ;-)

1999年February20日，kan...@carroll.com，“Turania...Turania...”, in alt.culture.armenian (Usenet):

For a more in depth view of what a fine job the military is doing in
Toorkey, read Amnesty.International.org. Great stuff!

要更深入地了解军队在土鸡
所做的出色工作，请阅读 Amnesty.International.org。非常棒的内容！

1999年March29日，Nick Krinis，“"WHO ARE WE THE TURKS" Your nemesis.”, in alt.news.cyprus (Usenet):

You're full of shit beanie. Go see dr. Colonik immediately... you're
due for an enema.
So Toorkey is kicking Liechtenstein's arse then if it's purchasing
power parity is - $825 million (1999 est.)

满嘴都是屁话的傻逼，麻烦你赶紧去看看肛肠科……你该灌肠了。
所以如果土鸡的购买力平价真有8.25亿美元（1999年估计），那么它早把列支敦士登给打趴下了。

2005年September27日，karapanomanolokopoulos，“Seanie the Turkish TROLL !”, in soc.culture.turkish (Usenet):

When Toorkey is a member of the club of civilized nations and member of
the EU in 3056 AD, they might get it eventually.

等到土雞在公元3056年進入文明國家之列、
成為歐盟一份子的時候，他們大概就能最終做到了。

2006年October13日，Nashton，“This is outrageous! So you believe in being politically correct Choro-nik?”, in alt.culture.armenian (Usenet):


Shitrael

Yeah and Shitrael wasnt ony any fucking map either until a group of land theives stole the and from underneath the feet of the locals. What goes around comes around.

是的，直到一群土地窃贼从当地人脚下偷走了以色列 ，以色列才有了地图。善有善报，恶有恶报。

2003年February3日，I wipe my ass with pictures of the whore golda meir，“World condolences”, in soc.culture.jewish (Usenet):

Margeret Hassan, was murdered in cold blood by the Zionazi agents. By the way she was not pitifull, she was brave and a martyr, killed by bastards scum from U Shit of A/England/Shitrael. The only pitiful sheister here is you, you fucked in the head Zioshit.

玛格丽特·哈桑被犹太复国主义分子残忍杀害。顺便说一句，她并不可怜，她很勇敢，是个烈士，被你们这些混蛋的英国/以色列人杀害。这里唯一可怜的骗子就是你，你这个没脑的臭锡安主义者。

2004年November23日，gutrench，“Margaret Hassan has been murdered”, in uk.religion.islam (Usenet):

what is wrong with that pic is it does not have any big holes left from the nuke that wiped out Shitrael. Oh well maybe next time.

这张照片的问题是，里头没有任何摧毁以色列的核弹所留下的大洞。哦，也许下次吧。

2010年March21日，Freddrick Smith，“Whats Wrong with This Picture?”, in talk.politics.mideast (Usenet):

Immagine Hitler had one the war / Immagine there's no Shitrael / Its Easy if you try / Or Pislam too / Immagine all the White people living alone in peace like they should... / No stupid holocrap to die for / Its easy if you try.

想象一下希特勒赢了二战 / 想象一下世上没有该死的以色列人 / 你试试这是件很简单的事 / 臭穆斯林也可以加上 / 想象一下所有白人自己一个圈过上应享的和平生活… / 没有什么让人没命的乱七八糟的大屠杀 / 你试试这是件很简单的事。

2011年December29日，Kreddible White，“German Proximity Fuse Re-post”, in rec.aviation.military (Usenet):

Bernie Schwarz, still being a hasbarat disseminator for Shitrael?

2012年March22日，Eunometic，“Last charge of the Churchill brigade”, in sci.military.naval (Usenet):


supercrescent

consume or diminish the supercrescent or overgrown Flesh

1732，George Smith，Institutiones Chirurgicæ: or, Principles of Surgery:


superscribe

詞源樹
拉丁語 super-
拉丁語 scrībō
拉丁語 superscrīboder.
英語 superscribe
源自拉丁語 superscrībo (“覆寫”)。

superscribes (third-person singular present)
superscribing (present participle)
superscribed (past participle)

That Friday, which began like any other, when my fate was brought up from the kitchen, superscribed to me, and put into my ignorant hand.

1992，Hilary Mantel，A Place of Greater Safety，Harper Perennial, 出版於 2007，頁 121:


superabundance

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superabundance.wav

We have not merely an abundance, but a superabundance of enemies at this time; they will need to stand in line to disagree with us.

此时，我们的敌人不只是很多，而是过多；他们需要排队来反对我们的意见。

Perhaps very young girls, who do not know what to do with a superabundance of affection, run up a kind of romantic liking for each other; but it never lasts—one good-looking young man would break up all the female friendships that ever were formed.

也许非常年轻的女孩，不知道如何处理过多的感情，会对彼此产生一种浪漫的爱慕；但这种爱慕不会持久——一个英俊的年轻男子会破坏所有女性之间的友谊。

1837，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，“Much Change in a Little Time”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […]，卷 I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁 74:

My friends, do you realize the meaning of VITAL POWER? Have you ever experienced that superabundance of health which breeds an intense satisfaction with life and all living things?

我的朋友们，你们了解活力的含义吗？你们是否体验过那种健康充沛的感觉，这种感觉滋生了对生活和所有生物的极大满足感？

1904，Bernarr Macfadden，“Preface”, in Building of Vital Power: Deep Breathing and a Complete System for Strengthening the Heart, Lungs, Stomach and All the Great Vital Organs，New York City: Physical Culture Publishing Company，頁 3:

Long silence not result of lack of interest. Lots of sickness, moving, superabundance of work, etc.

长时间的沉默不是因为缺乏兴趣，而是因为经常生病、搬家、工作过多等。

1977年December17日，“F and S in New Hampshire (personal advertisement)”, in Gay Community News，卷 5, 號 24，頁 14:


pass the hat

源自用帽子在一群人之间收钱的做法。

passes the hat (third-person singular present)
passing the hat (present participle)
passed the hat (past participle)

（尤指在一群人间）讨钱，要钱，请求捐赠

Then somebody sings out, "Take up a collection for him, take up a collection!" Well, a half a dozen made a jump to do it, but somebody sings out, "Let HIM pass the hat around!"

1885，Mark Twain，章號 20, in Huckleberry Finn:

The institutions are opening development offices, hiring professional fund raisers, investing in slick billion-dollar campaigns, and trotting out their presidents to pass the hat.

2008年December5日，Martha Ann Overland，“In Asia, American-Style Fund Raising Takes Off”, in Chronicle of Higher Education, retrieved 2008-12-11:


examiner

Younger [Customs] examiners, who, perhaps, have not yet acquired the intuition resulting from years of experience, seem partly responsible for the closer examination of incoming luggage. Not only is this closer scrutiny arousing feelings of resentment among passengers, but it is causing serious delays in the departure of boat trains, many of which have been reaching their destinations two or three hours late.

1951 November，“Delays to Boat Trains”, in Railway Magazine，頁 719:


supererogate

supererogates (third-person singular present)
supererogating (present participle)
supererogated (past participle)

/ˌs(j)uːpəɹˈɛɹəɡeɪt/

/ˌsupəɹˈɛɹəˌɡeɪt/

They who, in their obedience, attain to the greatest height which is possible in this life, are so far from being able to supererogate, and to do more than God requires, […]

The Westminster Confession of Faith, chapter XVI, article iv:

Were this all, therefore, or my task confined to such a relation, I should supererogate indeed in making this appearance.

1897，Stanley John Weyman，章號 I, in Shrewsbury:


chequee

cheki的另一種寫法。

At Constantinople, the cantaro, or quintal, contains 44 okes, or 100 rottoli; and the cantaro weighs about 123¾ lbs. avoirdupois, the oke 2lbs. 13 oz., and the rottolo 19⁴⁄₅ oz., and the chequee 11¼ oz. avoirdupois.

1819，Abraham Rees，The Cyclopaedia，卷 XXX, Rottolo:


chequeen

歷史上意大利和土耳其曾用過的一種金幣

he came to the Road of Antibo in Peamon, where he set Smith on shore with five hundred chicqueenes, and a little box God sent him worth neere as much more.

1630，John Smith，True Travels，Kupperman, 出版於 1988，頁 40:


revisit

繼承自中古英語 revisite，源自中古法語 revisiter 和拉丁語 revīsitāre。By surface analysis, re + visit。

revisits (third-person singular present)
revisiting (present participle)
revisited (past participle)

Thou, Kind Redeemer, toucht to ſee / So ſad a Sight, ſuch moving Miſery, / Didſt ſoon determine to diſpel / Theſe Shades of Death, and Gloom of Hell: / And ſo to reviſit with Thy Heav'nly Light / Loſt Man, bewilder'd in Infernal Night.

1703，[Richard Blackmore]，A Hymn to the Light of the World. With a Short Description of the Cartons of Raphael Urbin, in the Gallery at Hampton-Court，London: Printed for Jacob Tonson […], →OCLC，頁 8:

On November 21 the restored Highland "Jones Goods" 4-6-0, No. 103, revisited its old haunts when it worked a Stephenson Locomotive Society special from Glasgow (Buchanan Street) to Blair Atholl and back; [...].

1960 February，“Motive Power Miscellany: Scottish Region”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 122:


supereminent

源自中古法語 supereminent 及其來源晚期拉丁語 supereminens，為拉丁語 superēminēre 的形容詞用法；對應 super- + eminent。

more supereminent (comparative)
most supereminent (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-supereminent.wav

傑出的，卓越的；優越的 （自16世紀）

so far was beauty adored amongst them, that no man was thought fit to reign that was not in all parts complete and supereminent.

他们极其崇拜美貌，所以除非一个人在各方面都完美无缺、出类拔萃，否则就认为他不适合统治。

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition III, section 2, member 2, subsection ii:

But these two ideas: first, the supereminent claims of the State above the claims of any of the lesser groups included within it, the right of the State to crush out family affection and individual warfare in order to its own perpetuation,—as in the case of Brutus sentencing his own son, of Coriolanus, of the Horatii, etc.; and, secondly, the right of all who are willing to conform to the requirements of the State to be included within the domain of citizenship.

但是，有两个观念：第一，国家享有高于它其中任何较小群体的至高权利，国家有权压制家庭间的感情和个人间的冲突以维持其自身统治，就像布鲁图斯判处自己儿子死刑、科利奥兰纳斯判处赫拉斯兄弟死刑等等；第二，所有愿意遵守国家要求的人都有权成为公民。

1924，Felix Adler，The New Statesman 1924-03-08: Volume 22 Issue 568，New York Society for Ethical Culture，頁 633:


Jainism

Jainism is similar to other eastern religions in believing in reincarnation.

耆那教与其他东方宗教类似，相信轮回。

I know enough about Jainism to know that Jains are some of the most extreme vegetarians around.

我对耆那教有足够的了解，知道耆那教徒是周围最极端的素食主义者之一。

2020，Avni Doshi，Burnt Sugar，Hamish Hamilton，頁 55:


anodised

Metalwork is either silver or gold anodised aluminium, the latter being used experimentally in one of the six schemes.

1964 July，“XP64: New Standard Carriage Project”, in Modern Railways，頁 8:


anodized

more anodized (comparative)
most anodized (superlative)

經過陽極氧化（用于装饰或保护）的

This deluxe machine features anodized aluminum handles on all adjusting levers.

这款豪华机器的所有调节杆上都配有经阳极氧化的铝制手柄。

(Clango): What is it like having an inferior thought process?
(Maura): You know there are nicer ways to phrase that question, my anodized chum.

2000，Richard Stevens，Diesel Sweeties (webcomic):


examinee

Rimmer ducked his body low into his chair, so just his head remained above the table top, and peered past the backs of the examinees in front of him, waiting for the adjudicator to make his move.

1989，Grant Naylor，Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers:


visé

借自法語 visé，viser (“簽發簽證”) 的過去分詞。

A minister cannot make any direct charge for giving or viséing a passport (though his porter always takes care to ask for something), whereas the Russian consul always charges a dollar banco for every visé.

丹麦、挪威、瑞典和俄罗斯旅行者手册

1839，A Hand-book for Travellers in Denmark, Norway, Sweden and Russia [丹麦、挪威、瑞典和俄罗斯旅行者手册]，頁 117:


visé

借自法語 visé，viser (“簽發簽證”) 的過去分詞。

visés (third-person singular present)
viséing (present participle)
viséed (past participle)
viséd (past participle)

[…] unable to be abroad after ten at night, or to carry a gun, or to remove into another district without a written pass which must be visé on reaching a police-station.

晚上十点后不能出门，不能携带枪支，也不能在没有书面通行证的情况下进入另一个地区（到达警察局时必须持有书面通行证）。

1872，Janet Millett，An Australian Parsonage, Ch. XI:

Russian consuls everywhere have been instructed to visé passports of geologists presenting membership cards, which will also facilitate matters at the frontier.
已指示俄罗斯驻各地领事馆检查出示会员卡的地质学家的护照，这也将方便出入境事宜。

1897, Popular Science Monthly, Vol. 51, June, "World's Geologists at St. Petersburg":

Therefore, with my passport properly viséd and my papers all in order, I one night left Hull for Stockholm by the weekly Wilson service.

因此，在护照获签发、证件齐全的情况下，我在一天晚上乘坐威尔逊每周一班的航船离开赫尔前往斯德哥尔摩。

1905，William Le Queux，The Czar's Spy [沙皇的间谍], Ch. 10:


subjacent

源自拉丁語 subiaceō (“下面的，底下的”)。

more subjacent (comparative)
most subjacent (superlative)

In some places, however, quartz reefs, payably auriferous while in Silurian rock, have been followed down to subjacent granite, and have there been found to thin out and become unprofitable […]

1887，R. A. Murray，Victoria. Geology and Physical Geography，頁 126:

Since the times of the Spanish conquest of the Americas, however, there had always been a subjacent stream of travel literature which had queried the civilizing function of Western penetration of such societies.

然而，自从西班牙征服美洲以来，一直有一批游记文学质疑西方国家渗透到美洲社会所产生的文明作用。

2002，Colin Jones，The Great Nation，Penguin, 出版於 2003，頁s 194–5:


waw

繼承自中古英語 wawe、waȝe、waghe，繼承自古英語 wǣg (“运动、水、波浪、巨浪、洪水、大海”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *wāg，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *wēgaz (“波浪、风暴”)，源自原始印歐語 *weǵʰ- (“拖拉、携带”)。
同源詞包括北弗里斯蘭語 weage (“水，波浪”)、德語 Wag、Woge (“波浪”)、法語 vague (“波浪”)、瑞典語 våg (“波浪”)。

[…] nigh it drawes
 All passengers, that none from it can shift:
 For whiles they fly that Gulfes deuouring iawes,
 They on this rock are rent, and sunck in helplesse wawes.

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto XII”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


waw

繼承自中古英語 wawe、wowe、waugh、wough，繼承自古英語 wāh、wāg (“墙，隔板”)，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *waigaz (“墙”)，源自原始印歐語 *weyk- (“弯曲，扭曲”)。
同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 wauch、vauch、薩特弗里斯蘭語 Wooge (“室内墙壁、隔断”)。

She hath been at London to call a strea a straw, and a waw a wall.

1678，John Ray，A Collection of English Proverbs, section 75:

T'ootside waws was whitewesh't.

1886，Thomas Farrall，Betty Wilson's Cummerland Teals, section 41:


waw

借自阿拉伯語 وَاو (wāw)。wau 的同源對似詞。

vav (希伯來文的第六個字母)的另一種拼寫法

Rather, the waws of both fragments are demonstrably similar. What Cryer and Becking fail to note is that the style of waw used in Fragment B is also used in Fragment A.

2006，George Athas，The Tel Dan Inscription: A Reappraisal and a New Introduction，頁 147:


transmuter

使……變形、轉化、變化者

Hopeful transmuters of metals thus became associated with counterfeiters and forgers. Accordingly, during his tour of the Inferno, Dante meets two alchemists deep in the eighth circle of Hell[…]

2002，Lawrence Principe, Lloyd DeWitt，Transmutations，頁 8:


transgress

繼承自中古英語 transgressen，源自古法語 transgresser 和拉丁語 transgressus（transgredī 的過去分詞）。

transgresses (third-person singular present)
transgressing (present participle)
transgressed (past participle)

/tɹænzˈɡɹɛs/

超越，跨越（某些限制或界限）

They sometimes transgressed colonial boundaries, forming border communities with Native Americans and escaped black slaves.

他们有时会跨越殖民地边界，与美洲原住民和逃亡的黑奴建立边境社区。

For man will hearken to his glozing lies, / And easily transgress the sole command.

因为人类会听从他粉饰的谎言，/并很容易违背唯一的命令。

1667，John Milton，“Book 3”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:


transmigrant

遷居者，遷徙者，過境移民

The move-in area is one of the last, largely unsettled areas of Qinghai suitable for irrigated agriculture. The economic benefits touted by the WB for the project were largely undisputed. Crop yields near the move-in area were already three to four times higher than those in the move-out area, and the WB estimated that, in a few years, settlers would be able to triple or quadruple their incomes and have better health care and educational facilities than they had in eastern Qinghai.⁵¹⁸ While there were no schools for many settler group children in eastern Qinghai,⁵¹⁹ ten schools that would reflect the ethnic and language background of students were to be built for ethnic minority transmigrants.⁵²⁰ Because the settlers were to live in twenty-four compact villages in a small part of the county, they would have left the rest of it undisturbed.⁵²¹ Tibetans were to live in a separate area, near villages inhabited by fellow Buddhist ethnic Tu people.⁵²² The projected increase in economic activity in the county would likely provide some opportunities for those already living there. As pointed out by the Dalai Lama’s nephew, who lives in his uncle’s hometown in Ping’an County (part of the move-out area), those remaining in the move-out area would also benefit from an increase in available land there and from less strain on resources.⁵²³

2006 November，Barry Sautman，“Tibet and the (Mis-) Representation of Cultural Genocide”, in Cultural Genocide and Asian State Peripheries，Palgrave Macmillan, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁s 205–206:


explicature

话语中明确表达的事物 （自20世紀）

In relevance theory terms, he must construct a hypothesis about the explicit content of Ally's utterance;that is, he mustrely upon both the words she uses in this utterance and an inferencing process to construct an explicature.

2012，Jodie Clark，Language, Sex and Social Structure:

If the speaker was your flat-mate and you had a habit of borrowing her property without permission, she might be asking you if you'd 'borrowed' the book she owned (explicature) and the utterance might be taken as a demand for its return.

2013，Peter Grundy，Doing Pragmatics，頁 136:


big dick energy

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-big dick energy.wav

The Spice Girls had Big Dick Energy in abundance, years before Twitter coined the term.

辣妹合唱團早在推特創造這個詞之前就充滿了大屌能量。

2018，Lauren Bravo，章號 5, in What would the Spice Girls do?: How the Girl Power Generation Grew Up，Transworld Publishers, →ISBN:

I didn't really want Brunhild being associated with big dick energy. We were just a fledgling nation, so it’d be bad for our image.

我真的不希望布倫希爾德與大屌能量扯上關係。我們只是個新興國家，這會影響我們的形象。

2018，Patora Fuyuhara，In Another World With My Smartphone: Volume 11, →ISBN:

“Told you so.” My brother finished his drink and grabbed both their empty glasses. “He needs to quit worrying about upsetting people and use that big dick energy he’s got for his own good.”

「我早就說過了。」我兄弟喝完飲料，拿起兩個空杯。「他該別再擔心得罪人，好好運用他那份大屌能量為自己謀福。」

2019，Kristin Harte，Penance: A Vigilante Justice Novel，Kinship Press,, →ISBN:


small-dick energy

He’s currently working as a legal secretary and, other than believing he is severely underpaid, his main complaint seems to be that he works under a woman, and that having ‘secretary’ in his job title is somehow emasculating too. I’m getting serious small-dick energy from this one.

他現在是名法律祕書，除了認為自己薪水太低外，主要的抱怨是要在女上司手下工作，還覺得職稱中有「祕書」這詞某棟程度上不夠man。我從他身上感受到強烈的小屌能量。

2022年May4日，Portia MacIntosh，章號 10, in The Meet Cute Method，London: Boldwood Books Ltd, →ISBN:

Lucas looked around at the small-dick energy, taking in the colored stitching, the bright gauges, and the fire extinguisher bolted to the floor.

盧卡斯環顧四周，感受到滿滿的小屌能量——那些彩色縫線、鮮豔的儀表板，還有鎖在地板上的滅火器。

2022年August9日，Robert Pobi，Do No Harm (Lucas Page; 3)，New York, N.Y.: Minotaur Books, St. Martin’s Publishing Group, →ISBN:

Over the past week, he has been engaged in a Twitter standoff with the climate activist Greta Thunberg, attempting to troll her by telling her about his large collection of emission-heavy cars. Thunberg responded by implying Tate had “small-dick energy”.

過去一週，他一直在推特上與氣候活動家格蕾塔·通貝里對峙，打算透過炫耀自己那一大堆高排放量的車來嘲諷她。通貝里回應暗示泰特有「小屌能量」。

2022年December31日，Shaun Walker, Kari Paul, Dan Milmo，“Social media influencer Andrew Tate held after police raid in Romania”, in The Guardian，頁 8:

With enough small-dick energy to power Las Vegas, Putin insisted he take direct control of his armed forces, expecting capitulation from the home side would bring a swift end.

普丁帶著足以供應拉斯維加斯用電的小屌能量，堅持要親自指揮軍隊，期待主場很快就會投降。

2023 January，“2022: What the Hell Was That All About?”, in BN1，頁 38，列 1:

I know it’s hard not to take ghosting personally, but I promise you, if a guy ghosts it is one hundred percent about him not having the confidence to express himself. Because let’s face it—it’s not that hard to send a text saying, “Hey, it was nice getting to know you, but I’m just not feeling the vibe.” The fact that he cannot do that says all you need to know about how he handles anything that presents more difficulty than remembering his Hulu password. The petty side of me would call it small-dick energy.

我知道不被回應很難不往心裡去，但我保證，如果一個男的放你鴿子，那完全是因為他沒有信心表達自己。說實話，發條「嘿，很高興認識你，但我覺得沒有感覺」的簡訊並不難。他連這都做不到，就足以說明他面對任何比記住Hulu密碼更困難的事情時會是什麼德性。我比較刻薄的說法是，這就是小屌能量。

2023年May23日，Tinx [pseudonym; Christina Najjar]，“Beware, Hazards Ahead: Ghosting: Breadcrumbing, and Love Bombing”, in The Shift: Change Your Perspective, Not Yourself: A Guide to Dating, Self-Worth and Becoming the Main Character of Your Life，Simon & Schuster, →ISBN:


big-dick energy

Hannah was still Catholic enough to know that talking about cunnilingus in a church sanctuary was a ticket straight to hell, so she whispered, “It’s like someone drained all that big-dick energy he had going on.” […] Turned out, the big-dick energy was totally authentic.

漢娜還保有足夠的天主教徒身分，知道在教堂裡談論舔陰是直達地獄的車票，所以她小聲說：「感覺他身上那股大屌能量都被抽乾了。」[…] 結果證明，那股大屌能量是完全真實的。

2019，Andie J. Christopher，Not the Girl You Marry，New York, N.Y.: Jove, →ISBN，頁s 132 and 306:

At one point, she had designs on a career in finance; she’s brought the big-dick energy of Wall Street to a gymnasium in small-town Texas.

她曾一度想投身金融業；現在她把華爾街的大屌能量帶進了德州小鎮的體育館。

2020年January22日，Phoebe Luckhurst，“Smells like team spirit: Cheer your January blues away”, in Evening Standard，頁 23:

The other gentleman, who brushed off the clash and went back to enjoying himself, displayed big-dick energy and probably has a tripod in his pants. […] Whatever doors their clothes won’t open, their big-dick energy will.

另一位紳士顯示出大屌能量，他不在意這次衝突，繼續享受自己的時光，褲襠裡大概真的有個三腳架。[…] 不管他們的衣著打不開什麼門，他們的大屌能量總會替他們開路。

2020，Chloé Hilliard，F*ck Your Diet: And Other Things My Thighs Tell Me，Gallery Books, →ISBN，頁 234:

The hold it has over you when you owe someone money, or the joy you feel when you have enough cash to pay your bills and still have some left over to treat yourself to something. Money has got some serious big-dick energy.

欠錢時錢對你的控制力，或是當你有足夠的錢付完帳單還能留下一些以犒賞自己時的喜悅。錢真是有一股強大的大屌能量。

2020，Sarah Akwisombe，The Money Is Coming: Your Guide to Manifesting More Money，Piatkus, Little, Brown Book Group, →ISBN:

“Oh, Kelsey, no, no, no. This says that you’re Publisher of Millennial Print.” “Yeah. That is my job.” “Yes. And it is a great job, and I am in constant awe of your accomplishments, but this kind of overachieving only works if you’re trying to pick up women. All right? Men don’t want to deal with your big-dick energy.” “Oh, my God! Okay. I don’t have that energy, and you’re shouting.”

「噢，凱爾西，不不不。這說明你是千禧世代出版社的出版人。」「對啊，這就是我的工作。」「沒錯，這是份很棒的工作，我一直很佩服你的成就，但這種過度成就感只有在追女人時才管用。知道嗎？男人不想應付你的大屌能量。」「天啊！好啦，我沒有那種能量，而且你在大喊大叫。」

2021，Stacey Vanek Smith，Machiavelli for Women: Defend Your Worth, Grow Your Ambition, and Win the Workplace，Gallery Books, 出版於 2022, →ISBN，頁 124:

Ray, despite all of his faults, gave off big-dick energy and probably had an actual big dick.

雷儘管有諸多缺點，卻散發著大屌能量，而且可能真的有根大屌。

2021，Kim Davis，Ray’s Friend，JMS Books LLC, →ISBN:

Alex drank in his naked body. Sculpted. Toned. Everything about him was big. And the big-dick energy he exuded was well earned.

亞歷克斯打量著他赤裸的身體。雕塑般的身材。健美的線條。他的一切都很大。而他散發出的大屌能量確實名副其實。

2022，Cheris Hodges，Can’t Hide Love，Dafina Books, Kensington Publishing Corp., →ISBN:

“That name has some serious big-dick energy.”

「這名字真是帶著一股強大的大屌能量。」

2022，Cynthia St. Aubin，Secret Lives After Hours，Mills & Boon, →ISBN:


substituendum

For a given substituendum, there is usually only one clearcut choice for substitute.

1975，James Stanton Bare，“Methodological Considerations: The Pāṇinian Devices of Homogeneous Represenation and Āntaratamya”, in Phonetics and phonology in Pāṇini: the system of features implicit in the Aṣṭādhyāyī，頁 103:

The sixth (ṣaṣthī́) sUP triplet is used to indicate that the expression after which it is introduced is the substituendum (sthāné-yogā).

1989 [c. 450 公元前]，Pāṇini，譯者 Sumitra M. Katre, Aṣṭādhyāyī，頁 19:

In (6.16) and (6.17), the difference between substituens and substituendum is very pronounced[…]

2014年July15日，Sylvia Jaki，Phraseological Substitutions in Newspaper Headlines: “More Than Meats the Eye”，John Benjamins, →ISBN，頁 188:


ashwood

Easily as a sailor handling a blasphemy, the African reached behind him for the Viking ax (whose name, cut in runes along its ashwood haft, translated roughly as “Defiler of Your Mother”), but three little words preserved the cordial relations between the head and neck of the intruder, a wiry old party armed with a short sword, Persian by the look of him, with a knob of scar tissue where his right eye had been and a curious sneer.

2007年February4日，Michael Chabon，“‘Gentlemen of the Road’”, in New York Times:


Ottoman

借自中古法語 Ottoman，源自中世紀拉丁語 Ottomanus，源自鄂圖曼土耳其語 عثمان (osman)，源自阿拉伯語人名 عُثْمَان (ʕuṯmān)。Osman 是阿拉伯語男性人名 Uthman 的土耳其語化拼寫。

Nearly 250,000 Ottomans of various military ranks were taken captive by the Allied forces during World War I, which was referred to in Turkish variously as Büyük Harp, Cihan Harbi and Harb-i Umumi (or simply Seferberlik among the older generation of Turks) until World War II.

第一次世界大战期间，盟军俘虏了近25万名不同军衔的奥斯曼人，直到第二次世界大战之前，这群俘虏在土耳其语中被称作 Büyük Harp、Cihan Harbi 和 Harb-i Umumi（老一辈土耳其人亦简单称其为 Seferberlik）。

2002，Yücel Yanikdağ，“Marginal men: Ottoman prisoners of war in the Great War”, in The Turkish Studies Association Journal，卷 26, 期 2, →JSTOR，頁s 39–46:


Jah

So [...] he say a prayer of thanks because Jah know.

所以他祈祷感恩，因为神知道。

2022，Ayanna Lloyd Banwo，When We Were Birds，Hamish Hamilton，頁 13:


desaparecido

非同化借詞，源自西班牙語 desaparecido。

1976年至1983年阿根廷军事统治期间失踪的人员，据推测被政权成员杀害

And Timerman's memoir, Prisoner without a Name, Cell without a Number, was the book above all that clothed in living, hurting flesh the necessarily abstract idea of the desaparecido: the disappeared one or, to invest it with the more sinister and grisly past participle with which it came into the world, the one who has been “disappeared.”

2010，Christopher Hitchens，Hitch-22，Atlantic, 出版於 2011，頁 193:

The French missionaries aided the mothers of Argentina's desaparecidos by accompanying them to police stations and military barracks looking for news of their children, before being kidnapped themselves by Astiz.

法国传教士帮助了阿根廷“失踪者”的母亲，陪同她们到警察局和军营寻找孩子的消息，但随后他们自己也被阿斯蒂斯绑架。


involver

One could look at whether participants improved their skills and abilities, whether there was individual or community empowerment, or whether there was a change in the level of trust between the involvers and the participants.

2004，Charles Donald Spielberger，Encyclopedia of Applied Psychology，卷 1，頁 796:


blanqueamiento

使某地或某種族逐漸白人化，例如增加某个地区的白人人口或向某个群体推行白人文化规范

Indigenous cultural differences were erased within a Mexican identity defined by the mixed bloodline of Spanish and Indian mestizaje that praised the eventual blanqueamiento of the mestize race.

2022年October12日，José Rivers Alfaro，Something More Splendid Than Two，punctum books, →ISBN，頁 84:


homeowner

As a plumber, I feel bad for the homeowner and his neighbors.

作为一名水管工，我为房主和他的邻居感到难过。

He advised homeowners to get insurance before then so they can be grandfathered in as discretionary buyers of flood insurance in a nonflood zone. Even when the new maps take effect, these homeowners will pay lower flood premiums than they otherwise would.

他建議業主在洪泛區改劃前投保，好讓他們沿承自願購買非洪水區水險的保費優惠。

2009年September4日，Joseph Berger，“Flood Zone Remapping Hits Hard on Long Island”, in The New York Times，存檔自the original on 2011-08-30:

The homeowner theorized that the intruders saw that the house was up for sale and targeted it for their rager.

房主推测，入侵者看到这所房子正在出售，因此将其作为袭击目标。

2022年June22日，Selim Algar，“Incensed owner of $8M Florida mansion ransacked by teens wants them prosecuted”, in New York Post，New York, N.Y.: News Corp, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2022-07-03:

The taxability of forgiven debt is set to become a pressing issue as more homeowners fall behind on their mortgages and face foreclosure.

随着越来越多的房主拖欠抵押贷款并面临丧失抵押品赎回权，免除债务征税将成为一个紧迫的问题。

2007年August24日，“Foreclosure and Taxes”, in The New York Times:


cabresto

It is said that if a cabresto is laid round the sleeping traveller , the snake will not get within it.

据说如果在熟睡的旅行者周围铺一条缰绳，蛇就不会进入里面。


embread

embreads (third-person singular present)
embreading (present participle)
embreaded (past participle)

But now we must beleue that he cometh downe agayn at the wyll of the prestes, to be inpaned or inbreaded for their bellyes common welthe, lyke as he afore came downe, at the wyll of hys heuenlye father, to be incarnated or infleshed for our vnyuersall sowles helth.

1547，John Bale，The First Examinacion of Anne Askewe:

If christes bodye be in thee bred (as vndoubtedly it is) then it is enbreaded & his bloude enwyued, whych was alway taken for a great heresy, In respect wherof transubstantiacion nedes muste be graunted as ryght true and beleueable.

1548，Edmund Gest，A Treatise Againste the Preuee Masse:

I explain, in the simplest way possible, that "pan" means "bread," so "empanizada" must mean that the Callo is "embreaded."

1868，Charles Stephen Grueber，A Reply to the "Remarks" of the Rev. C. A. Heurtley:


geolocalize

geolocalizes (third-person singular present)
geolocalizing (present participle)
geolocalized (past participle)

将（某物）与相关地理位置联系起来

Everybody can geolocalize a picture on Google Earth and share this picture with other people on the Web.

每个人都可以对 Google 地球上的图片进行地理定位，并在网络上与其他人分享这张图片。

2009，Arthur Tatnall, Anthony Jones，Education and Technology for a Better World, →ISBN，頁 67:

Finally, it is possible to geolocalize the comment by drawing a geometry on a web map: a box shows the orthophoto of the Region published by SITR-IDT, together with proper draw tool boxes.

2012，Michele Campagna, Andrea De Montis, Federica Isola，Planning Support Tools, →ISBN，頁 853:

The process of tracking photographs is different because it is not only necessary to sign the taken photography by a mobile phone, but also geolocalize it.

2014，Juan M. Corchado, Javier Bajo Pérez, Jaroslaw Kozlak，Highlights of Practical Applications of Heterogeneous Multi-Agent Systems, →ISBN，頁 337:

In this direction, in a future where the Internet generates the idea of citizen journalism, we could tag and geolocalize our information while writing articles: in this way the process of visualizing invisible territories would be much more user-generated, automatic and ramified - much quicker and more reliable.

2015，Emanuela Bonini Lessing，Urban Safety and Security, →ISBN，頁 142:


jit

jits (third-person singular present)
jitting (present participle)
jitted (past participle)

if you call f(1.0) you get a newly jitted version that is specialized for Float64

2012年May23日，Stefan Karpinski，“Julia compiles the script every time?”, in Stack Overflow:


jit

缺乏经验、行事鲁莽的年轻人

When I jumped off the porch, I was wearing a tallis and the field was vicious
But none of this new to me, since a jit, I've been tryna preach unity

2024年July12日，“Hour Glass” (音軌號 1，開頭起0:44，), in BLP Kosher 作詞, Scarecrow:

Wusgood witchu jit?

And if they leave the cul-de-sac, then, jit I promise to rebel

如果他们离开死胡同，那么兄弟，我保证会反抗

2023年August4日，“Emo Jit” (音軌號 8，開頭起2:06，), in BLP Kosher 作詞, Bars Mitzva:


jit

jitney 的截斷形式。

En route home, I stop in a store to put a few dozen jits in a pinball machine. I am a slave of the flashing lights.
回家的路上，我在一家商店停下来，往弹球机里投了几十个硬币。我成了闪光灯的奴隶。

1942, Richard A. L. van Schwartz, "A Day in the Life of a Juvenile Fan", Boskonian (#1), page 2

"Well, what do you say, Vince? You'll let me take a jit, won't you? […] I'll give you the jit back with a nickel interest," coaxed Davey.

“好吧，文斯，你觉得怎么样？你会让我借一枚硬币，对吧？ […] 我会把这枚硬币连同五美分的利息还给你，”戴维哄骗道。


jit

可能是 jism 的異體，參見 jizz。

Even the heady aromatic smell made me shoot HARDER!! I angled my prick down to criss-cross her face with several lines of hot jit!

上頭的香味讓我射得更猛了！我把屌往下撥弄，在她的臉上來回射出幾道滾燙的精液。

2000年August4日，Micky Carlo，“Hot Smoke and Sassafras (part 3) by M. Carlo”, in alt.sex.stories (Usenet):


jit

可能是 jism 的異體，參見 jizz。

"I'm gonna cum right in your mouth, you slutty whore" he cursed at her, grinning. "I'm gonna jit your face so much you'll think someone melted a candle on it." Jess held her mouth open, her target awaiting.

“我要射到你嘴裡，你這淫蕩的婊子，”他笑著罵她。“我要射一大泡到你臉上，讓你以為我融化了根蠟燭在上面。”Jess 掰開她的嘴，她的目標正等待著。

1997年April4日，**_MOUSE_**，“Story : Author Unknown - The Conversion of Jessica (8 Parts, missing part 4 - TXT) - jess8 [01/01]”, in alt.sex.stories (Usenet):


kakorrhaphiophobia

源自古希臘語 κακορραφία (kakorrhaphía) + -phobia。

對挫敗的異常恐懼；失敗恐懼症

Kakorrhaphiophobia prevents me. And I'm not steatopygus.

失敗恐懼症讓我做不到。而且我也不是臀部肥大的人。

2001，“OFF TOPIC Killfile in OE. Was: (Re: Cross-posts (was: Re: Newsgroup FAQ here))”, in soc.singles (Usenet):

First autophobia, which inevitably leads to kakorrhaphiophobia, tropophobia and for the real hard cases phobophobia.

首先是自戀恐懼症，這不可避免地會導致失敗恐懼症、改變恐懼症，對於真正嚴重的病例還會出現恐懼症恐懼症。

2002，Jonathan Gabay，Reinvent Yourself: Tactics for Work, Life and Happiness - Yours:

Vance Engels, diagnosed with acute kakorrhaphiophobia and present, allegedly, due to his epistemophilic poetry, of which he hands out …

凡斯·恩格爾斯，被診斷患有急性失敗恐懼症，據稱是因為他那些充滿求知欲的詩作而來到這裡，他經常分發這些詩……

2005，Christopher WunderLee，The Loony: A Novella of Epic Proportions:


kakorrhaphiophobic

more kakorrhaphiophobic (comparative)
most kakorrhaphiophobic (superlative)

失敗恐懼症的；害怕失敗的

Congratulations on managing to use the phrase “preponderant criterion” in a chart (“On your marks”, November 9th). Was this the work of a kakorrhaphiophobic journalist set a challenge by his colleagues, or simply an example of glossolalia?

恭喜你們在圖表中成功使用了「preponderant criterion」（優勢標準）這個詞組（「預備開始」，11月9日）。這是一位有失敗恐懼症的記者接受同事挑戰的結果，或者單純是言語混亂的例子？

2013年November30日，Paul Davis，“Letters: Say it as simply as possible”, in The Economist，卷 409, 期 8864:


sss

蛇或其他爬行動物發出的嘶嘶聲

"Sss," said the snake.

2017，Brian Fox，The Hollow Rasping of an American Nightmare，頁 420:


praya

借自葡萄牙語 praya，praia (“海灘，海旁”) 的棄用形式。

Elsewhere on the Island, facilities for the transport of goods were limited to landing piers and prayas for junks and lighters.

岛上其他地方的货物运输设施仅限于供帆船和驳船使用的码头和海滨长廊。

1973，Tzu-nang Chiu，The Port of Hong Kong: A Survey of its Development，頁 24:


protectionistic

more protectionistic (comparative)
most protectionistic (superlative)

If you don't change the bureaucracy first, the existing protectionistic laws and the Board will derail any positive efforts between management and labor that fall outside the edges of what the NLRB might call the "field of battle."

如果不首先改变官僚体制，现有的保护主义法律和委员会将会破坏資方和劳方在国家劳动关系委员会所称的“战场”之外开展的任何积极努力。

1996，F. David Pierce，Shifting Safety and Health Paradigms，頁 58:


meido

源自日語 メイド (meido，“女傭，女僕”)，源自英語 maid。

身著程式化法式女僕裝的女性虛構角色

I was really struck by how many of the bishoujo cliches it managed to bring up. We already have the older sister, younger sister, childhood friend, and exotic transfer student. We have a genki girl, a ditzy girl, a hime-sama, and a meido.

令我印象深刻的是它囊括了多少美少女動漫的陳詞濫調。我們已經看到了姐姐、妹妹、青梅竹馬和外國轉學生。還有活潑女孩、冒失女孩、公主大人，以及女僕角色。

2006年October13日，Abraham Evangelista，“Re: Crescent Love - dull new anime”, in rec.arts.anime.misc (Usenet):

And then there’s Roberta, who seems like a typical meido (maid) character until she pulls out machine guns from her lacy uniform!

還有蘿貝塔，她看起來像是典型的女僕角色，直到她從蕾絲制服裡掏出機關槍為止！

2008年October12日，Kitty Sensei，“Playing pirate”, in Malaysia Star:

Although this is a manga about maids, don’t expect to see the submissive and fawning maids of the meido category. The protagonist here is a faithful, skilled and courteous maid from the old English society.
雖然這是一部關於女僕的漫畫，但別期待看到那種溫順諂媚的meido類型女僕。這裡的主角是一位來自古老英國社會的忠誠、能幹且彬彬有禮的女僕。

2008, Memedi, "Loyal helper", Malaysia Star, 9 November 2008:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:meido。

Actually, the two times I was there, it was really quite dull in terms of the people wandering around. The most excitement I saw was that one candidate for Prime Minister giving a van-top speech in front of Akihabara station. Oh, and a demonstration of some RC "Tokyo Drift" toy cars out on the street. No dancing in the streets, only a very few meido (some of questionable gender >__< ), and quite a few gaikokujin.

事實上，我去過那裡兩次，就路上閒逛的人而言相當無趣。我看到最刺激的就是一位首相候選人在秋葉原車站前的宣傳車上發表演說。哦，還有一些遙控「東京甩尾」玩具車在街上展示。街上沒有人跳舞，女僕很少（有些性別還很可疑>__<），但外國人不少。

2008年February9日，Captain Nerd [username]，“Re: "Alien Jones" - "Boss" coffee ads”, in rec.arts.anime.misc (Usenet):

These meido attract customers by role-playing the part of a maid, complete with French maid-inspired outfits that are long on fantasy elements and typically short on skirt length.

這些女僕扮演女僕角色來吸引顧客，穿著靈感來自法式女僕的服裝，充滿幻想元素，裙子通常都很短。

2009，John Graham-Cumming，The Geek Atlas: 128 Places Where Science and Technology Come Alive，O'Reilly Media, 出版於 2009, →ISBN，頁 104:

"I like having conversations with different meidos," he explains, "but Haruki is my favourite because she's friendliest to me."
[…]
Utena, a meido with pink hair and red plastic horns, recently celebrated her fourth year at Maidolce.

「我喜歡和不同的女僕聊天，」他解釋說，「但春樹是我最喜歡的，因為她對我最友善。」
 […]
有著粉紅色頭髮和紅色塑膠角的女僕Utena，最近在Maidolce慶祝了她工作的第四個年頭。

2012年April1日，Dave Tacon，“Dusting off a geek fetish for all things maid in Japan”, in Sydney Morning Herald:


supersedere

债权人自愿停止为债务人亲自执行债务的行为

Mr Sweepclean, secede paulisper, or, in your own language, grant us a supersedere of diligence for five minutes.

1816，Sir Walter Scott，The Antiquary，Oxford University Press, 出版於 2002，頁 406:


superseminate

superseminates (third-person singular present)
superseminating (present participle)
superseminated (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superseminate.wav

在已经播种的东西上再播种

Would to God that that Charity which is diffused in us by the spirit, would suffocate these superseminated tares of contentions...

1650 [1620]，Nicolas Caussin，譯者 Sir Thomas Hawkins, The Holy Court，3 (The Angel of Peace to All Christian Princes), William Bentley，頁 4:

While there is corruption in our nature,—narrowness in our faculties,—sleepiness in our eyes,—difficulty in our profession,—cunning in our enemies, δυσνόητα, 'hard things in the scriptures,'—and an envious man to superseminate; there will still be τί ἑτέρως φρονοῦντες, 'men that will be differently minded.'

1826 [1637]，Edward Reynolds，The Whole Works of the Right Rev. Edward Reynolds, Lord Bishop of Norwich，卷 IV, London: B. Holdsworth, Sermon II. The Peace of the Church，頁 295:

The field is first sown with good Corn, and then the Envious one comes after to super-seminate and sow his Tares of Idolatry, Superstition and Heresie, where true religion was sown before...

1690，Christopher Ness，“VII. Of Cain and Abel”, in A Compleat History and Mystery of the Old and New Testament，卷 I, London: T. Snowden，頁 67:

Dr. Lister, (according to his communicative and obliging Nature) has taught us how to raise such as our Gardiners cover with nasty Litter, during the Winter; by rather laying of Clean and Sweet Wheat-Straw upon the Beds, super-seminating and over-strowing them thick with the Powder of bruised Oyster-Shells, &c. to produce that most tender and delicious Sallet.

1699，John Evelyn，Acetaria : A Discourse of Sallets.，London: B. Tooke，頁s 134, 135:


give way

gives way (third-person singular present)
giving way (present participle)
gave way (past)
given way (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-give way.wav

After years of neglect, the rusty old bridge could give way at any time.

锈迹斑斑老桥年久失修，随时都可能会垮塌。

During the day conditions worsened quickly—for example, a 2-6-0 on the Uckfield line suddenly encountered flood water high enough to enter its ashpan and extinguish its fire—until lock gates up-river at Barcombe gave way and a tidal wave rolled down the valley meeting head-on a spring tide rolling up from the coast.

1961 January，“Talking of Trains: Flooding at Lewes”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 5:

'Cause I'm praying for rain
I'm praying for tidal waves
I wanna see the ground give way
I wanna watch it all go down


lecture theatre

Inside classrooms and lecture theatres, all signage is in English, as is the signage in the staff office blocks. There were only three exceptions to this complete predominance of English.

2019，Li Huang, James Lambert，“Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI，頁 5:


digital nomad

數字遊民，數位遊民，數碼遊民（以類似遊牧的方式靠遠程通信技術為生的人，常在遊走共享辦公空間、咖啡館和公共圖書館等地方遠程工作）

Their logic was as enviable as it was unattainable for everyone else: If you’re going to work from home indefinitely, why not make a new home in an exotic place? This tiny cohort gathered their MacBooks, passports and N95 masks and became digital nomads.

他們的邏輯既令人羨慕，又是其他人無法企及的：如果你要無限期地在家工作，為什麼不在異國他鄉建立一個新家呢？這一小群人收集了他們的 MacBook、護照和 N95 口罩，成為了數位遊民。

2020年November8日，Erin Griffith，“The Digital Nomads Did Not Prepare for This”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Spain plans to issue “digital nomad” visas giving Britons and other non-EU citizens the chance to work in the sun and enjoy a lower cost of living with tax breaks thrown in for good measure.

西班牙計劃發放「數位遊民」簽證，讓英國人和其他非歐盟公民有機會在陽光下工作，享受較低的生活成本，並享受稅收減免。

2022年September25日，Stephen Burgen，“Spain plans ‘digital nomad’ visa scheme to attract remote workers”, in The Guardian:


raw-boned

more raw-boned (comparative)
most raw-boned (superlative)

A young nurse, a big raw-boned country lass, plodder her way down to the building.

1994，Jim Ranie，Jargodin: The Moonlighter，Brisbane: Jim Ranie，頁 194:


in a cleft stick

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/EN-AU ck1 in a cleft stick.ogg

Such a solution only puts the humanist in a cleft stick by trading the problem of malnutrition for that of over-population.

1964 September 3, H. Fullerton, Letters: Survival of the wild, New Scientist, Volume 23, No. 407, page 579:

But considerations in drafting Sonia Gandhi apart, the Congress leadership is clearly caught in a cleft stick, with or without the services of Rajiv Gandhi′s widow.

1991，Attar Chand，Rajiv Gandhi: His Mind and Ideology，頁 214:


perilla

The smell of burnt flesh, which the perilla seeds couldn't wholly mask, pricked my nose.

紫苏籽无法完全掩盖烧焦了的肉味，弄得我的鼻子不舒服。

2015，Han Kang，譯者 Deborah Smith, The Vegetarian [素食主義者]，Granta, 出版於 2018，頁 42:


arrabbiata

借自意大利語，arrabbiato (“憤怒的”) 的陰性形式；參見 rabbia (“憤怒”)。

/ˌaɹəˈbjɑːtə/

/ˌɑɹəbiˈɑːtə/

We were just trying to keep our heads above water, maybe catch some of the tomatoes they were throwing so we could make some arrabbiata.


arn't

It arn’t often thet a fellow gits hanged twice in one night.

一個人一晚被絞死兩次的情況並不常見。

1882，James Jackson，Tom Terror, the Outlaw:


eth

字母發音前面加上 /ɛ/，可類比其他字母名稱，如 f, l, m。

字母 Ð / ð 的名稱

In Old English manuscripts thorn and eth did not have different phonetic values but were used positionally[.]

在古英語手稿中，þ 和 ð 音值相同，但它們分別用在不同的位置。

1985，Robert Burchfield，The English Language，Oxford: Oxford University Press，頁 175:


tss

When the woman held the sausage over the open fire, the drops of fat went tss-tsss on the coals and the flames turned a lovely blue colour.

当女人把香肠放到火上时，一滴滴的油脂落在煤炭上，发出嘶嘶声，火焰则变成了可爱的蓝色。

1964，Felix Vincent Lategan, Michael Wallendorf Smuts, Hymne Weiss，Afrikaans Short Stories，頁 173:

"Tss tss!" the girl hissed softly through her teeth. The monkey turned, leaped directly onto her shoulder, and gazed around […]

“嘶嘶！”女孩从牙缝中轻轻发出嘶嘶声。猴子转过身，直接跳到她的肩膀上，环顾四周 […]


appropriately

more appropriately (comparative)
most appropriately (superlative)

He closes the foreword by acknowledging that his proposals would have far-reaching impacts on railway staff, communities and industry - and passes the buck onto government to ensure that these consequences are managed appropriately.

他在序言的最后承认，他的建议将对铁路员工、社区和行业产生深远影响，并将责任推给政府，以确保能适当处理这些后果。

2023年March8日，Gareth Dennis，“The Reshaping of things to come...”, in RAIL，期 978，頁 44:


suitably

more suitably (comparative)
most suitably (superlative)

Mr. Campion appeared suitably impressed and she warmed to him. He was very easy to talk to with those long clown lines in his pale face, a natural goon, born rather too early she suspected.

1963，Margery Allingham，章號 5, in The China Governess: A Mystery，London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:


spokeswoman

Topps[…] has signed the Clique Girlz as commercial spokeswomen for Baby Bottle Pop, one of the Top 10 nonchocolate candy brands.

Topps […] 已签约 Clique Girlz 作为 Baby Bottle Pop 的商业代言人，Baby Bottle Pop 是十大非巧克力糖果品牌之一。

2009年January28日，Brooks Barnes，“Sweet Deal to Promote Tweeny-Bop Girl Group”, in The New York Times:

A Chiltern spokeswoman told RAIL: "We have an excellent safety record and are working with the Rail Accident Investigation Branch to understand the causes of this incident."

奇尔特恩铁路的一位发言人告诉铁道新闻社：“我们有非常出色的安全记录，目前我们正与铁路事故调查部门合作，了解此次事故的原因。”

2020年July1日，Richard Clinnick，“Network News: '165' runs through points and into path of LU service”, in Rail，頁 20:


supportive

more supportive (comparative)
most supportive (superlative)

I had a very supportive coach who helped me.

我有一位非常支持我的教练，他帮助了我。

But the most seismic change is the shift to being supportive of open access. In practice, most of the industry has collectively opposed this for the past 25 years. The Department for Transport has been particularly hostile, seeing it as little more than cherry-picking.

但最重大的变化是转向支持开放获取。实际上，过去25年来，大多数行业都集体反对这一做法。交通部尤其持敌对态度，认为这不过是挑三拣四罢了。

2023年February22日，Sir Michael Holden，“Comment: A farewell to micro-management”, in RAIL，期 977，頁 3:


unsupportive

more unsupportive (comparative)
most unsupportive (superlative)

When college campuses closed in March because of the pandemic, having to return home to an unsupportive space was not a safe option for some students.

今年3月，许多大学校园因疫情而关闭，对于一些学生来说，回到没有支持的环境并不是一个安全的选择。

2020年June29日，Misha Valencia，“The Challenges of the Pandemic for Queer Youth”, in The New York Times:


abled

As a disabled person, there are many days I can't leave the house looking how I want to look, and I also have tics that make me look distinctly odd to ableds.

作为一名残疾人，很多时候我都无法以自己想要的样子出门，而且我还会抽搐，这让我在健全人眼中看起来很奇怪。

2022，Laura Erickson-Schroth，Trans Bodies, Trans Selves，頁 87:


shorn

This is the Prieſt all ſhaven and ſhorn, that married the man all tattered and torn[.]


swept

Having survived the seemingly-random attacks through the day, and now under the cover of night, the Germans seem to have a clear run to safety. However, back when the route became clear thanks to the Enigma intercepts, Bomber Command had laid more mines in the swept channel. And now, along comes Gneisenau!

德军在白天躲过了看似随机的袭击，现在又在夜幕的掩护下，似乎已经可以顺利逃生。然而，当其路线由于密码机拦截而变得清晰时，轰炸机司令部在清理过的航道上埋下了更多的水雷。现在，格奈森瑙号来了！

2019年January9日，Drachinifel，片头起32:48, in The Channel Dash / Operation Cerberus - How to win through refuge in audacity，存檔自the original on 2022-07-24:


evolutionary

The evolutionary history of marine mammals includes land-dwelling ancestors.

海洋哺乳动物的进化史包括其在陆地的祖先。

It is likely that the long evolutionary trajectory of Mycoplasma went from a reductive autotroph to oxidative heterotroph to a cell-wall–defective degenerate parasite. This evolutionary trajectory assumes the simplicity to complexity route of biogenesis, a point of view that is not universally accepted.

支原体的漫长进化轨迹很可能是从还原性自养生物进化为氧化异养生物，再进化为细胞壁缺陷的退化寄生虫。这一进化轨迹假设了从简单到复杂的生物发生路径，但这一观点并未得到普遍接受。

2013年March18日，Harold J. Morowitz，“The Smallest Cell”, in American Scientist，卷 101, 期 2，存檔自the original on 2017-01-04，頁 83:

The basic elements of an evolutionary growth theory are discussed in Section II.

第二部分讨论了演化增长理论的基本要素。

1974 Dec.，Richard R. Nelson, Sidney G. Winter，“Neoclassical vs. Evolutionary Theories of Economic Growth: Critique and Prospectus”, in The Economic Journal，卷 84, 期 336, →DOI, →JSTOR，頁s 886–905:


broadly

more broadly (comparative)
most broadly (superlative)

broadly speaking

基本上，大體來說，概括地說

[W]hen he caught sight of her running towards him like that, he smiled broadly.

看见她这样向他跑来，他笑容满面。

1956 [1880]，Johanna Spyri，Heidi [海蒂]，根據Eileen Hall原著改編的翻譯作品，頁 16:

基本上，大體來說，概括地說

While companies are bravely talking about their efforts to redress the gender pay gap (large employers will be compelled to report details of how they pay their male and female staff in April), we know that women are, on average, much worse paid than men throughout the City. Broadly, power remains in men’s hands.

尽管各公司都在大胆谈论他们为缩小性别间工资差距所做的努力（大型雇主将被迫在4月份报告有关向男女员工支付工资的详细信息），但我们知道，在整个伦敦金融城，女性的平均工资远低于男性。总体而言，权力仍然掌握在男性手中。

2018年January25日，Amelia Gentleman，“Men-only clubs and menace: how the establishment maintains male power”, in the Guardian:


strictly

strictlier (comparative)
more strictly (comparative)
strictliest (superlative)
most strictly (superlative)

This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half.

这项工作完全是自愿的，但任何缺席的动物的口粮都会减少一半。

1945年August17日，George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair]，章號 6, in Animal Farm […]，London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:


somehow

有时加上 or other、or another 或 or the other 来表示不确定。

以某種（未知的）方式或原因；不知怎的

This problem has to be tackled somehow.

必须以某种方式解决这个问题。

We don't know how he's still alive after the accident, but somehow he is.

我们不知道事故发生后他为什么还活着，但他确实不知为何活了下来。

It’s not by accident Edward wrote “The Goat,” “The Zoo Story” or “Seascape,” with its two lizards, Sarah and Leslie. In fact, in all of his plays the animal is pretty prominent, somehow or other.
爱德华创作《山羊》、《动物园故事》或《海景》时，其中有两只蜥蜴，莎拉和莱斯利，这并非偶然。事实上，在他的所有戏剧中，动物都相当突出，不知何故。

December 1, 2016, Tom Donaghy writing in The New York Times, Tender Side of Edward Albee

Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations.

1910，Emerson Hough，章號 II, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise，Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

Have I not loathed to live again and said
It would have been far better to be dead,
 And yet somehow, I know not why,
Remained afraid to die!

我曾厌恶继续活下去，并说过“死了更好”，但不知为何，我仍旧害怕死亡！

Although youngest of the family, he has somehow or other got the entire management of all the others.

虽然他是家里最小的孩子，但他却以某种方式全面管理着其他所有人。


sufficiently

more sufficiently (comparative)
most sufficiently (superlative)

Once we had eaten and drunk sufficiently, we padded off to sleep.

吃饱喝足之后，我们就去睡觉了。

We wanted to build a tepee, but we couldn't find sufficiently long sticks.

我们想搭建一个帐篷，但找不到足够长的木棍。

Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke.[…]A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 2, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

I prefer to think that birds have a sufficiently developed sense of humour to enjoy the spectacle of a human being hunched beneath a bush kissing the back of their hand.

我更愿意认为鸟类具有足够发达的幽默感，能够欣赏人类弯腰伏在灌木丛下亲吻它们手背的景象。

1980，Bill Oddie，Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book，頁 112:

There are those who value a seat sufficiently highly that they prefer to make their daily journeys by the Western Region Vine Street line.

有些人非常看重座位，因此他们更喜欢每天乘坐西区 Vine Street 线。

1952 March，R. K. Kirkland，“The Railways of Uxbridge”, in Railway Magazine，頁 150:

Attempts by Waterloo signalmen to clear the points by power operation eventually exhausted point motor batteries, which are fed by trickle chargers, and a blown fuse accentuated the problem; thus, even when the points had been cleared of ice, no power was available to operate them until the batteries were sufficiently recharged.

滑铁卢信号员尝试通过电力操作清理道岔，但最终耗尽了由涓流充电器供电的道岔电机电池，而保险丝烧断使问题更加严重；因此，即使道岔上的冰已经清理干净，在电池充分充电之前，也没有电力可供操作。

1962 March，“The New Year Freeze-up on British Railways”, in Modern Railways，頁 159:


sporting

more sporting (comparative)
most sporting (superlative)

涉及男性不體面行為（尤指賭博、嫖妓等娛樂活動）的

New Yorkers coined the term “sporting culture” to identify the boisterous male culture then on display on the city's streets.

2015，Michael Pierson，“Stephen Spaulding's Fourth of July in New Orleans”, in Confederate Cities: The Urban South during the Civil War Era，University of Chicago Press，頁 137:


sporting

[…] the unprofitable plays, frivolous recreations, sportings, and gamings which are invented to pass away the precious time, and divert the mind from the witness of God […]

[…] 无益的戏剧、无聊的娱乐、体育运动和游戏，都是为了消磨宝贵的时间，分散人们对上帝见证的注意力而发明的 […]

c. 1675，Robert Barclay，An Apology for the True Christian Divinity:


long-time

Wellings has form here, having in 2015 written a pamphlet with long-time anti-rail campaigner Paul Withrington entitled Paving over the Tracks: a Better Use of Britain's Railways.

威林斯在这方面颇有建树，2015年他与长期反铁路活动家保罗·威斯灵顿共同撰写了一本小册子，题为《铺设轨道：更好地利用英国铁路》。

2020年December16日，Christian Wolmar，“Coverage of little-used stations does the railway no favours”, in Rail，頁 44:


longtime

more longtime (comparative)
most longtime (superlative)

My longtime friend, since birth actually, called and gently broke the bad news to me.

我的一位老友，应该说从出生就认识的朋友，打电话给我，温柔地告诉我这个坏消息。

longtime favorite

It was an outgrowth of Jobs's embrace of 60's counterculturalism -- he was a longtime, and rather irritating, vegetarian and lived in a commune.

这是乔布斯拥抱60年代反主流文化主义的产物——他是一个长期，而且多少有点恼人的素食主义者，他还住在公社里。

2000年October8日，James Poniewozik，“Operating System”, in The New York Times:

Criminal justice reform has become a national topic of discussion given recent police killings of Black men, and Jones points out that he's been a longtime activist on this issue, with his experience in Palo Alto and as an NAACP youth organizer. Also, he notes, as a Black man, "People like me are overpoliced, overarrested, overprosecuted."

鉴于最近发生的黑人被警察杀害的事件，刑事司法改革已成为全国讨论的话题，琼斯称，他长期以来一直是这一问题的积极分子，他在帕洛阿尔托已有这方面的经验，并且是全国有色人种协进会的青年组织者。他还指出，作为一名黑人，“像我这样的人受到过度监管、过度逮捕和过度起诉。”

2020年June22日，Trudy Ring，“Mondaire Jones Could Be the Nation's First Black Gay Congressman”, in The Advocate:


thankfully

繼承自中古英語 thankfully、thankefully、þonkfulliche，繼承自古英語 þancfullīċe，等價於 thankful + -ly。

more thankfully (comparative)
most thankfully (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-thankfully.wav

I immediately offered my assistance to the unhappy person, who thankfully accepted it, and, putting himself under my conduct, begged me to convey him to some tavern, where he might send for a surgeon […]

我立刻上前，表示愿意帮那位遇难者的忙。他深表感谢，就把自己托付给我，央求我把他扶到一家酒馆去，好派人请一位外科大夫 […]

1749，Henry Fielding，章號 XIII, in The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling [棄兒湯姆·瓊斯的歷史]，卷 III, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VIII:


supposedly

根據某些人的信念或主張；應該；據說；可能；按照推測

People from other planets have supposedly visited Earth in flying saucers.

据称，外星人类曾乘坐飞碟访问过地球。

According to your testimony, you were supposedly at home watching TV when the murder occurred.

根据您的证词，谋杀案发生时您正待在家里看电视。

France were supposedly a team in pieces, beaten by Tonga just a week ago and with coach Marc Lievremont publicly berating his players, but so clear-cut was their victory that much of the atmosphere had been sucked from the contest long before the end.

法国队一周前被汤加队击败，主教练马克·里夫雷蒙公开斥责队员，按理说这应该是支有点支离破碎的队伍，但这回他们的胜利太明显了，比赛还没结束，气氛就已经消失了。

2011，Tom Fordyce，Rugby World Cup 2011: England 12-19 France:

I haven't booked, so I don't have a clue as to whether the service will be busy or not. Supposedly, reservations are compulsory, but I want to find out what would happen if you just turn up.

2020年December2日，Paul Bigland，“My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail，頁 68:


tactical

As in the 1-0 win against Norway in Oslo, this was an England performance built on the foundations of solid defence and tactical discipline.

正如之前在奥斯陆以1-0战胜挪威队，这是英格兰队建立在稳固的防守和战术纪律基础上的表现。

2012年June2日，Phil McNulty，“England 1-0 Belgium”, in BBC Sport:


tactical

The repeat that we use here is called a tactical, or tactic combinator. The behavior of repeat t is to loop through running t, running t on all generated subgoals, running t on their generated subgoals, and so on. When t fails at any point in this search tree, that particular subgoal is left to be handled by later tactics.

2013，Adam Chlipala，Certified Programming with Dependent Types:


exclusively

繼承自中古英語 exclusyvely；等同於 exclusive + -ly。

more exclusively (comparative)
most exclusively (superlative)

These new shoes are made exclusively out of recycled cardboard.

这款新鞋完全由再生纸板制成。

Every photographer of experience has his own theories and methods of working, but for the last 14 years I have used a Leica exclusively, and have found it best adapted to the somewhat exacting demands of railway photography, which is by no means an easy branch of the art.

每位经验丰富的摄影师都有自己的工作理论和方法，但在过去的14年里，我一直使用徕卡相机，发现它最适合铁路摄影的严格要求，而这绝不是一门简单的艺术分支。

1952 February，H. C. Casserley，“Permanent Wayfarings”, in Railway Magazine，頁 78:

For instance, the little bush moa fed nearly exclusively on forest vegetation, whereas the heavy-footed moa was a grazer in open vegetation habitats.

例如，小灌木恐鸟几乎只以森林植被为食，而重足恐鸟则在开阔的植被栖息地吃草。


healthcare

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-healthcare.wav

There are many groups trying to claim healthcare marketing as part of their activity.

许多团体试图将医疗保健营销作为其活动的一部分。

1985，William J. Winston，“Mission and Future Applications of the Proceedings”, in Professional Practice in Health Care Marketing: Proceedings of the American College of Healthcare Marketing:

All in all, a terrific burden is being placed on employers, especially in healthcare, as legislation regulating safety in the workplace proliferates, and it appears that OSHA is beginning to take training and other violations seriously as well.

总而言之，随着针对工作场所安全规范的立法不断增多，雇主，特别是医疗保健领域的雇主承受着巨大的负担，而且美国职业安全与健康管理局似乎也开始严肃对待培训和其他违规行为。

1990，Scott Alan Stewart，Videodiscs in Healthcare: A Guide to the Industry:

Healthcare patients or consumers often need help in addressing these seven problems.

医疗保健患者或消费者往往需要帮助来解决这七个问题。

2011，Bruce S. Jansson，Improving Healthcare through Advocacy，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 3:


health care

I think free health care should also cover nearsightedness.

我认为免费医疗也应该涵盖近视治疗。

In 2009, the Obama Administration released guidelines on enhanced interrogation written in 2003 and 2004 by the CIA Office of Medical Services. ^((OMS).1-3(appendix F)) The OMS guidelines, even in redacted form, and opinions from the US Department of Justice's (DOJ’s) Office of Legal Counsel show that CIA physicians, psychologists, and other health care personnel had important roles in enhanced interrogation.

2009 年，奥巴马政府公布了中央情报局医疗服务办公室（OMS）于2003年和2004年制定的强化审讯指南。^((OMS).1-3(appendix F)) OMS指南（即便是删节版）和美国司法部（DOJ）法律顾问办公室的意见都表明，中央情报局的医生、心理学家和其他医疗保健人员在强化审讯中发挥了重要作用。

2010年August4日，Leonard S. Rubenstein, JD, Stephen N. Xenakis, MD，“The Ethics of Enhanced Interrogations and Torture: A Reappraisal of the Argument”, in JAMA，卷 304, 期 5, American Medical Association, →DOI，頁s 569–570:


flawed

more flawed (comparative)
most flawed (superlative)

Flawed diamonds are generally not used in jewellery.

有瑕疵的钻石一般不用于制作珠宝。

His design for a perpetual motion machine is flawed because water does not flow uphill.

他设计的永动机存在缺陷，因为水不会向上流动。

He presents Hitler’s rise as an element of the collapse of a republic confronting dilemmas of globalization with imperfect instruments and flawed leaders.

他认为希特勒的崛起是共和国崩溃的一个因素，因为该国面临着全球化困境，其手段不完善，领导人也有缺陷。

2018年June14日，Timothy Snyder，“How Did the Nazis Gain Power in Germany? [纳粹是如何在德国掌权的？]”, in The New York Times:

Yet he was correct on every point, meaning that the Plan was deeply flawed from the start.

然而，他的每一点都是正确的，这意味着该计划从一开始就存在严重缺陷。

2023年March8日，David Clough，“The long road that led to Beeching”, in RAIL，期 978，頁 42:


appealing

more appealing (comparative)
most appealing (superlative)

Her housecoat had fallen open. She was wearing only panties and bra, which did nothing to make her scrawny, wrinkled body appealing.

她的家居服敞开了，身上只穿着内裤和胸罩，这让她那骨瘦如柴、满是皱纹的身躯毫无吸引力。

1968，Carl Ruhen，The Key Club，Sydney: Scripts，頁 12:

Some of the most beautiful and thus appealing physical theories, including quantum electrodynamics and quantum gravity, have been dogged for decades by infinities that erupt when theorists try to prod their calculations into new domains. Getting rid of these nagging infinities has probably occupied far more effort than was spent in originating the theories.

一些最美丽、最吸引人的物理理论，包括量子电动力学和量子引力，几十年来一直受到无穷性的困扰，当理论家试图将他们的计算推向新的领域时，无穷性就会爆发。摆脱这些烦人的无穷性可能比创立这些理论所花费的努力要多得多。

2012年January18日，Michael Riordan，“Tackling Infinity”, in American Scientist，卷 100, 期 1，存檔自the original on 2013-04-30，頁 86:

Those were all landmark moments to cherish. Just as appealing was the manner in which Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain and Milner cut swathes down either flank, albeit through flustered full-backs who had looked poorly positioned and horribly jittery from the start.

这些都是值得珍藏的里程碑时刻。同样吸引人的是亚历克斯·奥克斯拉德-张伯伦和米尔纳从两翼切入的方式，尽管从一开始，边后卫就显得站位不佳，而且非常紧张。

2012年September7日，Dominic Fifield，“England start World Cup campaign with five-goal romp against Moldova”, in The Guardian:


appealing

The fair creature abandoned her position, and in the midst of her bitter tears and pathetic appealings, which my sense of duty alone enabled me to resist, I bore my prisoner off.

1866，Heros von Borcke，Memoirs of the Confederate War for independence:


overtrust

overtrusts (third-person singular present)
overtrusting (present participle)
overtrusted (past participle)

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɹʌst/

/ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌtɹʌst/

Some there are, that do so overtrust their leaders' eyes

有些人确实过于相信领导者的眼睛

1649，Joseph Hall，Resolutions and Decisions of Divers Practicall cases of Conscience:


overtrust

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɹʌst/

/ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌtɹʌst/

“As a society, with AI accelerating so quickly, we need to be concerned about the potential for overtrust,” says study author professor Colin Holbrook, a member of UC Merced’s Department of Cognitive and Information Sciences, in a statement.

加州大学默塞德分校认知与信息科学系教授、这项研究的作者科林·霍尔布鲁克在一份声明中表示：“随着人工智能发展如此迅速，我们需要对过度信任的可能性保持警惕。”

2025年February11日，StudyFinds Staff，When AI says ‘kill’: Humans overtrust machines in life-or-death decisions:


booch

After a night of worrying, nothing soothes the stomach like a tangy bottle of ginger booch.

经过一夜的忧虑之后，没有什么比一瓶浓烈的姜汁普茶更能舒缓胃部了。

想要给你的普茶加点儿酒？试着来做康普茶鸡尾酒吧。

2015年March1日，M. Carrie Allan，“Want hooch with your booch? Make a kombucha cocktail.”, in The Washington Post，存檔自the original on 2019-09-22:

And, of course, bottles make transporting the booch much easier than lugging around a gallon jar or a continuous brewer!

当然了，把普茶装进瓶子里带走，可比拖着一加仑的罐子或者一直开着的冲泡机要方便多了！

2016，Hannah Crum, Alex LaGory，The Big Book of Kombucha: Brewing, Flavoring, and Enjoying the Health Benefits of Fermented Tea，Storey Publishing, →ISBN，頁 131:

SeekNorth separates the alcohol content from the kombucha without affecting the probiotic or nutrient profile, making them one of the only virtually alcohol-free booch brands.

SeekNorth 将酒精成分与康普茶分离，而不会影响益生菌或营养成分，使其成为极少数几乎不含酒精的普茶品牌之一。

2019年November1日，Claudia Larsen，“The Booch Belt: Hudson Valley Kombucha Brewers”, in Chronogram，存檔自the original on 2019-11-05:


booch

The fellows left and were probably going to get some booch, but that was their business. Floyd was standing by his car wondering what was taking Susan so long, when a cab pulled up.

那些家伙离开了，可能要去吸点可卡因，但那是他们的事。弗洛伊德站在车边，想知道苏珊为什么这么久才回来，这时一辆出租车停了下来。

2011，Leroy Mathis，Die with a Little Dignity: A Harlem Tale for the New Renaissance，Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN，頁 204:

All of these hoes, I made off records I produced.

2018, Travis Scott, "Sicko Mode" (album: Astroworld):


influencer

deinfluencer

網路紅人，在社交媒體上有影響力的人

網路紅人，在社交媒體上有影響力的人

同類詞：creator

By now you have probably heard of influencers, that group of internet-famous people who have more than a million social media followers and can make big money by plugging various brands. And you may have even heard of microinfluencers, who do the same thing for a still sizable but somewhat smaller social media audience — from the tens to low hundreds of thousands.

到现在为止，你可能已经听说过网红，他们是一群拥有超过一百万社交媒体粉丝的网络名人，可以通过推广各种品牌赚大钱。你甚至可能听说过微网红，他们和前述者差不多，但体量较小——粉丝量从几万到几十万不等。

2018年November11日，Sapna Maheshwari，“Are You Ready for the Nanoinfluencers?”, in New York Times:

The idea of an influencer economy or streaming economy might have caused eyes to roll just a couple years ago, but the reality is that this segment of the economy is growing fast. More importantly, it is the part of the economy (and type of engagement) that is most appealing to the increasingly important millennial and Gen-Z cohorts.

几年前，网红经济或流媒体经济的概念可能让人大跌眼镜，但现实是，这一经济领域正在快速增长。更重要的是，它是对日益重要的千禧一代和Z世代群体最具吸引力的经济部门（和参与类型）。

2020年August4日，Sean Stein Smith，“Blockchain, TikTok, And The Influencer Economy - What Are The Connections?”, in Forbes:

Over the past year, mansions full of young influencers have proliferated across the United States (in Los Angeles, Dallas and Las Vegas) and around the world (France, the U.K., Mexico, Spain and Russia).

在过去的一年里，美国各地（洛杉矶、达拉斯和拉斯维加斯）和世界各地（法国、英国、墨西哥、西班牙和俄罗斯）涌现出许多年轻网红的豪宅。

2020年December11日，Taylor Lorenz，“The New Influencer Capital of America”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


diagnosticate

diagnosticates (third-person singular present)
diagnosticating (present participle)
diagnosticated (past participle)

Paracyesis and interstitial or cornuate fetation are purposely omitted, as such accidents can scarcely be diagnosticated […]

1895，American Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists，Transactions，卷 7，頁 98:


Biblical

more Biblical (comparative)
most Biblical (superlative)

biblical的大小寫替代形式。

Sepia Delft tiles surrounded the fireplace, their crudely drawn Biblical scenes in faded cyclamen blending with the pinkish pine, while above them, instead of a mantelshelf, there was an archway high enough to form a balcony with slender balusters and a tapestry-hung wall behind.

壁爐周圍是褐色的代爾夫特瓷磚，上面粗略描繪的聖經場景以褪色的仙客來紅與粉色松木相襯，而在瓷磚上方，取代了壁爐架的是一個拱門，高度足以形成一個欄桿細緻的陽台，背後掛著掛毯。

1963，Margery Allingham，章號 3, in The China Governess: A Mystery，London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:


enjoined

more enjoined (comparative)
most enjoined (superlative)

（權威機構）強制的；責令的；禁止的

For if there be any book in the Divine record, the publication of which is more enjoined than another, it is this.

1849，William Rogers，Jesus Comes and Comes Quickly，頁 101:

The former is no more enjoined by the Constitution than the latter , and the latter no more prohibited than the former.

1852，Martyn Paine, Mary Ann Paine，Memoir of Robert Troup Paine，頁 283:

But that the nonsensuous transcendental must necessarily be some non-existential spiritual merit, which is to be the emergent product of a certain course of enjoined actions, is not conceded whole sale without some specific reservation .

2000，Shyama Kumar Chattopadhyaya，The Philosophy of Sankar's Advaita Vedanta，頁 144:


respectant

源自法語，respecter 的現在分詞。

The sun is surmounted on either side by two white lions, respectant and sitting on an orange scroll inscribed UTMOST OF OUR ABILITY in gold letters.

太阳两侧各有两只白色狮子，面对面地坐在橙色卷轴上，卷轴上用金色字母刻着“尽我们所能”。


respector

Your petitioners would respectfully desire to impress upon the notice of your Honorable House the baneful effect of that permission upon the young and thoughtless; presenting, as it does, a powerful, and in very many instances, an irresistible inducement to drunkenness and riot, subversive of peace and order, most grievous and offensive to the respectors of that Holy Day.

1870年August16日，“Petition for Amendment of Licensed Victuallers Act”, in Proceedings of the Parliament of South Australia; with Copies of Documents Ordered to be Printed. 1870-71.，卷 III, Adelaide: […] W. C. Cox, […], 出版於 1871:

The reason of this is that in Russia every body smokes, and provision is made accordingly. Save the church, no place is here sacred from the weed. The papyros is no respector of domestic sanctities.

1882，“Notes and Queries”, in The American Practitioner: A Monthly Journal of Medicine and Surgery，卷 XXVI, Louisville, Ky.: John P. Morton and Company; Indianapolis, Ind.: Cathcart & Cleland，頁s 377–378:

Always remember the qualities of a student of this oracle, also, which are: You will always 1. Be a respector of the ancient traditions of your people. 2. Be devoted to the Gods and to all of the forms of their manifestation. 3. Be a respector of the priesthood as the mediation power between the Gods of the Universe and the people of the earth.

2007，Michael Bertiaux，The Voudon Gnostic Workbook，第expanded版, San Francisco, Calif., Newburyport, Mass.: Weiser Books, →ISBN，頁 156:


albeit

源自中古英語短語 al be it (that)，縮略自 althagh it be that (“儘管是那樣的情況”)，由 al (“完全地”) + be (been (“是；在”) 的第三人稱單數現在虛擬式) + it 組成。

albeit 歷史上也可以和 although 一樣引出獨立子句（如上方《威尼斯商人》中的用法），但過了早期現代英語的時代以後，已不再這麼用，如今基本只引出名詞短語、形容詞短語、副詞短語及從屬子句。

一個罕見的用法：若指的是“儘管（多個事物）”時，會用 albethey 來代替，這基於對 albeit 的重新分析。

The stranger had crossed a sacred line. He had mentioned the men’s mothers. Nothing could get him out of a beating now, even the fact that he was obviously a simpleton. Albeit a simpleton with a good vocabulary.

There’s an easy, albeit expensive, way to fix the national crisis in forensic crime labs.

有一种简单但昂贵的方法可以解决法医犯罪实验室的国家危机。

Up front, skipper and open-side Lewis Moody looked almost back to full fitness, while England's set-piece was barely troubled, albeit against a Romania side showing 11 changes from that beaten by Argentina earlier in the week.

前锋线上，队长兼边锋刘易斯·穆迪看上去已几乎完全恢复健康，英格兰队的定位球也几乎没有遇到麻烦，尽管与本周早些时候被阿根廷队击败的罗马尼亚队相比，这支球队进行了11次换人。

2011年September24日，Ben Dirs，“Rugby World Cup 2011: England 67 – 3 Romania [2011年橄榄球世界杯：英格兰 67-3 罗马尼亚]”, in BBC Sport:


allege

繼承自中古英語 alleggen，源自古法語 alegier，源自拉丁語 alleviāre (“減輕”)，源自 ad + levis (“輕的”)。alleviate 的同源對似詞。

alleges (third-person singular present)
alleging (present participle)
alleged (past participle)

and suffir never your soveraynté to be alledged with your subjects,

and suffer not your sovereignty to be diminished with your subjects,

a. 1472，Thomas Malory，“(please specify the chapter)”, in [Le Morte Darthur]，book V, [London: […] by William Caxton], 出版於 31 July 1485, →OCLC; 再版為 Le Morte Darthur […]，London: David Nutt, […], 1889, →OCLC:

Hart that is inly hurt, is greatly eased / With hope of thing, that may allegge his smart[…].

受伤的心因此感到特别安逸，那颗忧郁的心不再痛苦不已 […] 。

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book III, Canto II”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


machinima

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-machinima.wav

使用低端（实时）的三维引擎（常见于电子游戏）而非专业人士使用的高端、复杂的三位引擎渲染

Fiona's been off at some kind of anime camp in New Jersey – Quake movies and machinima workshops, Japanese staff who claim not to know a word of English beyond ‘awesome’ and ‘sucks’, which for a vast range of human endeavor, actually, is more than enough…

2013，Thomas Pynchon，Bleeding Edge，Vintage, 出版於 2014，頁 135:


Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire became involved in an extended period of conflict with the Roman Republic and Empire that lasted for three centuries, until the latter eventually prevailed.

安息帝國與羅馬共和國及帝國之間發生了長達三個世紀的衝突，最終羅馬帝國取得了勝利。

He not only seized former Seleucid Iran, but added Mesopotamia to the Parthian Empire.

他不僅佔領了先前位於古伊朗的塞琉古帝國，還將美索不達米亞併入安息帝國。

1993，Michael Pfrommer，Metalwork from the Hellenized East: Catalogue of the Collections，Getty Publications，頁 1:

Mithridates, who was one of Arsaces' successors, conquered Persia, Mesopotamia and Armenia, thereby founding the Parthian Empire.

米特里达梯是阿尔沙克的继承者之一，他征服了波斯、美索不达米亚和亚美尼亚，从而建立了安息帝国。

2005，Angelina Chavez Irapta, Cecilio D. Duka，Introduction to Asia: History, Culture, and Civilization，Rex Book Store，頁 39:

The plague contributed to the subsequent weakness of the Roman Empire and killed at least one emperor: Claudius Gothicus, who died in 270. The effect on the Parthian Empire is unrecorded but presumably was equally debilitating.

这场瘟疫加剧了罗马帝国的衰弱，并导致至少一位皇帝丧命：克劳狄乌斯·哥提库斯，他于270年去世。这场瘟疫对安息帝国的影响没有记载，但可能同样具有破坏性。

2014，Philip Matyszak，The Roman Empire，Oneworld Publications，頁 143:


misdeliver

misdelivers (third-person singular present)
misdelivering (present participle)
misdelivered (past participle)

錯誤投遞，錯誤傳送，錯誤運送

It was not unusual to misdeliver mail and to go back and try to retrieve it.

2009年July23日，Lesley Ciarula Taylor，“Police condemned for racial profiling of letter carrier”, in Toronto Star:


provine

源自法語 provingner，源自 provin (“一组、一层植物”)、古法語 provain，源自拉丁語 propago、propaginis，類似於 propagare (“繁殖”)。參見 propagate、prune。

provines (third-person singular present)
provining (present participle)
provined (past participle)

将葡萄的根茎或枝条埋入地下，以便繁殖

Do not provine, but fill up all places which have become vacant by two-year plants from the nursery

1872，John Louis William Thudichum, August Dupré，A Treatise on the Origin, Nature, and Varieties of Wine:


esprit de l'escalier

Yet, she had outflanked him, taken him unawares, and he had fired not one shot. Esprit de l'escalier—it was as he went upstairs that he saw how he might yet have snatched from her, if not the victory, the palm.

然而，她已經包抄了他，打了他個措手不及，而他連一槍都沒有發出。結果偏偏在上樓時——他才想到或許還有機會從她手中奪得，即便不是勝利，至少也能搶到桂冠。

1911年October26日，Max Beerbohm，章號 XVII, in Zuleika Dobson, or, An Oxford Love Story，第1st American版, New York, N.Y.: John Lane Company, 出版於 1912, →OCLC，頁 256:


shitton

fuckload

一大坨，一大堆（大量的）

一大坨，一大堆（大量的）

Most megahits cost a shitton to produce, but Pulp Fiction was only 12 million dollars, according to Rolling Stone.

根據《滾石》雜誌報道，大多數大片的製作成本都相當高，但《zh-hans:低俗小说; zh-hant:黑色追緝令》的製作成本僅為1200萬美元。

1994年October26日，daniel federman，“Re: PULP FICTION BOX OFFICE RESULTS?”, in rec.arts.movies (Usenet):

How do they expect that by preventing a shitton of rich honkies from going home will gain support for their cause?

他們怎麼能指望透過阻止一大批富有的白人回家就能獲得支持呢？

2000年July13日，jkeeton，“Current Events in St. Louis. *LONG*”, in alt.umr.student.babble (Usenet):

These workdays were long, and through vicious wine hangovers, exhaustion, dehydration, and ringing ears, I tried learning how to make Shitton of Meat Sandwiches. […] ¶ […] Sometimes, I got it right; other times, I'd forget to put on necessities like the cheese, and, on more than one occasion, the Shitton of Meat.

這些工作日很漫長，在嚴重的宿醉、疲憊、脫水和耳鳴之後，我嘗試學習如何製作一大堆肉三明治。

2005，Brian Costello，The Enchanters Vs. Sprawlburg Springs，Featherproof Books, →ISBN，頁 109:

No, I'm not poly. I have a shitton of friends who are however, and it's one of those 'alternative lifestyles' (if you want to call it that I suppose) that people rarely hear about.
不，我不是多性戀。但我有一大堆朋友是多性戀，這是人們很少聽說的「另類生活方式」之一（如果你想這麼稱呼的話）。

2005 October 14, "Aeire", commentary on the 2004 January 14 Queen of Wands:

A few billion years of local perturbations add up to a shitton more effect than can be mounted against the overall galaxy.
幾十億年的局部擾動累積起來的影響比對整個星系的影響要大得多。

2010 January 27, "eric gisse" (username), "Supermassive black hole rotation & host galaxy rotation", in sci.astro and other newsgroups, Usenet:


archeological

more archeological (comparative)
most archeological (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-archeological.wav

Rabbit is the most represented species at every archeological level, although some macromammal remains (ibex, red deer, wild boar, lynx, fox, and badger) have also been documented.

尽管也发掘出了一些大型哺乳动物的遗骸（如野山羊、马鹿、野猪、猞猁、狐狸和獾），但兔子是各个考古层面上最具代表性的物种。

2015年March12日，“Looking at the Camp: Paleolithic Depiction of a Hunter-Gatherer Campsite”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


Gulf of America

* (納霍德卡灣)： 部分仿譯自俄語 зали́в Америка (zalív Amerika)，源自 зали́в (zalív，“灣”) + 發現該地的俄羅斯護衛艦名 Америка (Amerika) that discovered the bay.
* (墨西哥灣)： 唐納·川普對該地的重新命名。

美國對墨西哥灣的官方稱呼，但未受國際廣泛認可

Lunday also wrote in the release that the agency would target the "maritime border between Texas and Mexico in the Gulf of America."

伦迪还在新闻稿中写道，该机构将瞄准“德克萨斯州和墨西哥在美国湾的海上边界”。

2025年January21日，Louis Casiano，“Coast Guard surging assets to Gulf of America, other waterways to support Trump’s executive orders”, in Fox News:

Google is complying with President Donald Trump’s executive action that renamed the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America. Soon, the name change will appear on Google Maps.

谷歌正在遵守唐纳德·特朗普总统的行政命令，将墨西哥湾更名为美国湾。很快，这一名称变化将出现在谷歌地图上。

2025年January28日，Jordan Valinsky，“Google Maps will change the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of America”, in CNN:


Rumsfeld

The truth, in this case, that Rumsfeld was so focused on the plan of attack in Iraq and securing Saddam's overthrow with a lean force, he had no time for any plan for the aftermath.

事实是，拉姆斯菲尔德太专注于进攻伊拉克的计划以及以精干的兵力推翻萨达姆，以至于他无暇制定任何善后计划。

2006年July6日，Roger Cohen，“Rumsfeld Is Correct - the Truth Will Get Out”, in The New York Times:


whilst

源自晚期中古英語 whilst、whilest、qwhilste (英格蘭北部)、quilest (西北米德蘭) [以及其他形式]，源自 whiles (“當……的時候，在……的期間；只要；因为，自从；直到”) + -t (贅餘後綴，可能是 -(e)s 和後面接上的 the 連起來所致，或受到最高級後綴 -est 的影響)。Whiles 派生自 whiles (“一段時間，一會兒”)（可能來自 otherwhiles 和 somewhiles 等副詞及連詞的後半部分），源自 while (“一段時間，一會兒”) + -s (構成方式、空間、時間副詞的後綴)；while 則繼承自古英語 hwīl (“一段時間，一會兒”)，最終繼承自原始日耳曼語 *hwīlō (“一段时间，一会儿；休息、中断、暂停的时间”)，繼承自原始印歐語 *kʷyeh₁- (“休息；平靜，寧靜”)。本詞可分析為 whiles + -t (加在以 -s 結尾詞後的贅餘後綴)。
同源詞
* 西弗里斯蘭語 wylst

Nay, I prethee put on this gown, & this beard, make him beleeue thou art ſir Topas the Curate, doe it quickly. Ile call ſir Toby the whilſt.

哦，我请你把这件袍子穿上，这把胡须套上，让他相信你是副牧师托巴斯师傅。快些，我就去叫托比老爷来。

c. 1601–1602 （写稿日期），威廉·莎士比亚，“Twelfe Night, or What You Will [第十二夜]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio（第一对开本）)，伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard和Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene ii]，頁 270，列 2:

What money have I bought with me? […] even but a small sum; something in hand the whilst.

我带来多少钱？不多不多，就是手头这一点。

1820，沃尔特·司各特，章號 X, in 艾凡赫，卷 I, 爱丁堡: […] Archibald Constable and Co.；伦敦：Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC，頁 209:


perceived

The perceived wisdom is that people do not go in large numbers to black-and-white movies anymore

人们普遍认为，现在人们不再大量去看黑白电影了

In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.

2013年June7日，Ed Pilkington，“‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 26，頁 6:


bloodvessel

But there can be very little doubt, I conceive, of a bloodvessel having burst in the head, which caused a gradual effusion of blood, and proved fatal; since in this case there was not time for inflammation causing fatal effusion to have taken place.

但我认为，头部血管破裂，导致血液逐渐流出，并最终致命，这一点毋庸置疑；因为在这种情况下，没有时间发生导致致命积液的炎症。

1837，Alexander Watson，A medico-legal treatise on homicide by external violence, etc，頁 54:


snowing

源自 snow (“下雪”)。

And sometimes hours of peace, I own, / Upon some fairer leaves have shown, / White as the snowings of that heaven / By which those hours of peace were given.

a. 1852，Thomas Moore，Written in a Common-Place Book:


fire engine

A fire aboard TfW 175007, working a Holyhead-Cardiff Central service on February 8, closed the A483 road while five fire engines from Wrexham, Deeside, and Cheshire attended the scene.

2月8日，运行在霍利希德-加的夫中央铁路的 TfW 175007 号列车发生火灾，导致A483公路关闭，来自雷克瑟姆、迪赛德和柴郡的五辆消防车赶赴现场。

2023年March22日，“Network News: Class 175s withdrawn for safety checks after fires”, in RAIL，期 979，頁 13:


diminished

more diminished (comparative)
most diminished (superlative)

The diminished Roman Empire never recovered from the sack of Rome.

衰落的罗马帝国再未从罗马被劫之后恢复过来。

Another well-known express to disappear on the same date was the Blue Comet of the Central of New Jersey, an all-coach luxury express which operated between New York and Atlantic City; in this case the reason is diminished patronage.

同一天停运的另一趟著名快车是新泽西中央铁路的蓝色彗星号，这是一条往返于纽约和大西洋城之间的全车厢豪华快车，此次被砍掉的原因是客流减少。

1942 May-June，“Notes and News: War and the American Railways”, in Railway Magazine，頁 184:


attributed

This attribute is used to declare in metadata that the attributed method or class requires SocketPermission of the declared form.

2003，Peter Drayton, Ben Albahari, Ted Neward，C# in a Nutshell，頁 536:


overdressed

more overdressed (comparative)
most overdressed (superlative)

Almost all babies get heat rash during hot weather. However, heat rash can occur even in cold weather if your child is overdressed either during the daytime or the nighttime.

几乎所有宝宝在炎热天气都会起痱子。但是，即使在寒冷天气，如果您的孩子在白天或晚上穿得过多，也会出现痱子。

1994，Ira J. Chasnoff，“Heat Rash”, in Your Child: A Medical Guide，頁 297:

穿得過分正式的，打扮得過分隆重的

Not, a thousand times not, that she should be overdressed. An overdressed Angel is a contradiction in terms. We associate not angelic attributes with the gorgeous attire and plenipotent jewellery of a Houndsditch Hebrewess. Just as the man who is got up in the loudest of loud costumes, and hangs out as a sort of Christmas tree, with incongruous braveries and charms and nicknacks pendent all over, we are apt to deem not a gentleman, but a gent.

1870 October，Perceval Picard，“House Angel in Trim Array”, in The New Monthly Magazine，卷 147, 號 598，頁 387:

"I was worried you might think I am overdressed," Sheinna replied in a small voice.

“我担心你会觉得我穿得太正式了，”谢伊娜小声回答道。

2012，Barbara Cartland，Love and the Clans (The Pink Collection; 89), →ISBN:


looking-glass

* (通往奇异世界的途径)： 出自路易斯·卡羅著作《愛麗絲鏡中奇遇》（Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There）。

/ˈlʊkɪŋ ˌɡlɑːs/

/ˈlʊkɪŋ ˌɡlæs/

It has been quite a week in politics. […] I know that some Republicans feel as if they've fallen through the looking glass.

这一周的政治形势相当严峻。 […] 我知道一些共和党人感觉自己好像已经跌入镜中世界了。

2016年July29日，Paul Krugman，“Who loves America?”, in The New York Times:


overbalancing

We could not afford the false steps, nor the little slips, nor the overbalancings so unimportant on level ground. Progress was slow and cautious.

我們不能走冤枉路，也不能滑倒，更不能在平地上隨便摔倒。前進的步伐緩慢而謹慎。


overfull

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-overfull.wav

比別人打出的葫蘆要大的葫蘆

[…] let's say the flop comes 9-9-8, with the open pair on top. One player has J-T-9-8 for the overfull—9s full of 8s for the nut full house—while another player has 8-8-7-6 for 8s full of 9s and the "underfull". The player with the underfull is both getting smashed and drawing dead.

2008，Jeff Hwang，Pot-Limit Omaha Poker: The Big Play Strategy，Kensington Publishing Corp., →ISBN，頁 5: