French

繼承自中古英語 Frenche、Frensch、Frensc、Frenshe、Frenk、Franche，來自古英語 Frenċisċ (“法語”)，來自原始西日耳曼語 *Frankisk (“法蘭克”)，等同於Frank + -ish (對照Frankish)。與西佛蘭德語 Fransch (“法語”)、荷蘭語 Frans (“法語”)、中古低地德語 vranksch、frenkisch、vrenkesch、vrenksch (“法語”)、中古高地德語 frenkisch、frensch （“法蘭克的，法蘭西的”；> 德語 fränkisch (“法蘭克尼亞”)）、丹麥語 fransk (“法語”)、瑞典語 fransk、fransysk (“法語”)、冰島語 franska (“法語”)同源。
用作粗俗語言的義項，其通常指早期19世紀上層階級實際使用的法語表達 (但通常輕微無禮)，後來被下層階級用作罵人的話，因為他們認為聽者不會熟悉這些用語。
用來指苦艾酒的義項，是French vermouth的簡稱。

more French (comparative)
most French (superlative)

French defence, French defense, French Defence

French lilac (Syringa vulgaris & Galega officinalis)

同類詞：straight

French active

French girl

用於構成性病的名稱或指代

French disease

French crown

French pox


syndrome

古典借詞，源自新拉丁語 syndrome，源自古希臘語 συνδρομή (sundromḗ，“症状同时发生；人群聚集”)，源自 σύνδρομος (súndromos，“一起奔跑”)，源自 συν- (sun-，“一起，一同，帶著”) + δρόμος (drómos，“奔跑；路線”)。

porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome

sudden unexplained nocturnal death syndrome

Yemenite deaf-blind hypopigmentation syndrome

Down syndrome; acquired immune deficiency syndrome; restless-leg syndrome; battered-wife syndrome

唐氏綜合徵；获得性免疫缺陷綜合徵；不寧腿症候群；受虐婦女綜合徵

A “zone of rarity” emerges when symptoms cluster neatly into syndromes and interforms are uncommon, although not altogether absent. Fuzzy boundaries and interforms are a special problem for PTSD […]

2004，Gerald Rosen，Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Issues and Controversies，頁 127:

Bats host many high-profile viruses that can infect humans, including severe acute respiratory syndrome and Ebola. A recent study explored the ecological variables that may contribute to bats’ propensity to harbor such zoonotic diseases by comparing them with another order of common reservoir hosts: rodents.

蝙蝠携带多种可感染人类的知名病毒，包括严重急性呼吸道综合征和埃博拉病毒。最近的一项研究通过将蝙蝠与另一类常见宿主——啮齿动物进行比较，探索了可能导致蝙蝠携带此类人畜共患疾病的生态变量。

2013 May-June，Katie L. Burke，“In the News”, in American Scientist，卷 101, 期 3，頁 193:

任何一组被视为识别特定类型、状况等的特征（一般是負面的）

not-in-my-backyard syndrome; tip-of-the-tongue syndrome

邻避綜合徵；話在嘴邊綜合徵

My roommate, Tony, and I were sitting in our living room on a Saturday afternoon trying to decide what to do that night. You know the syndrome: Saturday night when everyone is supposed to do something exciting and have a great time. If you don't, you're likely to wake up on Sunday morning feeling weird and lonely.

周六下午，我和室友托尼坐在客厅里，想着晚上该做什么。你知道人是有这种综合征的：周六晚上每个人都应该做一些令人兴奋的事情，玩得开心。如果你不这样做，你很可能会在周日早上醒来时感到奇怪和孤独。

1980年August9日，John D'Emilio，“There's No Place Like Home”, in Gay Community News，頁 8:

Fledgling superstar Jimmy Carson couldn't bear another day in Edmonton living in the void created by the departure of Wayne Gretzky, whose brokenhearted fans never accepted his replacement. It was very difficult for me to play in Edmonton in the whole Gretzky syndrome," Carson said Thurs day after a six-player trade ...

初出茅庐的超级明星吉米·卡森无法忍受在埃德蒙顿再过一天，因为韦恩·格雷茨基的离开而留下了空白，伤心欲绝的球迷从未接受他的替代者。在格雷茨基综合征的笼罩下，我很难在埃德蒙顿打球，”卡森在六人交易后的周四表示……

1989年November3日，“Jimmy Carson Comes Home; He's a Redwing”, in The Argus-Press (Owesso, Michigan)^([news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1988&dat=19891103&id...sjid...pg...]):

Speaking of medicine, rationalizers seem to enjoy latching on health excuses. Syndromes are a fertile field. Let's say you're accused of being unable to accept responsibility or otherwise behaving like an adult. That's not your fault, you counter—you suffer from Peter Pan Syndrome. Can't get around to cleaning up your room or office cubicle? Of course not—you suffer from tertiary Bag Lady Syndrome.

说到医学，人辩解的时候似乎喜欢用健康问题作为借口。综合征是一块肥沃的沃土。假设有人指责你无法承担责任，或者行为举止不像成年人。你反驳说这不是你的错——你患有彼得潘综合征。没时间打扫房间或办公室隔间？当然不是——你患有第三级流浪女综合征。

2012，Steven D. Price，Excuses for All Occasions: Alibis Apologies and Cop-Outs That Can Get You Out of (or Into) Trouble:


analysis

comparative analysis


baffle

不详。可能与法語 bafouer (“藐视”)或已弃用的法語 befer (“嘲笑”)有关，经由苏格兰语bauchle (“羞辱”)。

（声音、光、液体等的）反射板，挡板

sound baffle

Tanker trucks use baffles to keep the liquids inside from sloshing around.


contamination

sample contamination


decay

civic and moral decay

systemic decay

I fancied at first the stuff was paraffin wax, and smashed the jar accordingly. But the odor of camphor was unmistakable. It struck me as singularly odd, that among the universal decay, this volatile substance had chanced to survive, perhaps through many thousand years.

1895，H. G. Wells，章號 X, in The Time Machine:


emotional

more emotional (comparative)
most emotional (superlative)

/ɪˈməʊʃənəl/

/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/

emotional crisis

emotional lift

emotional decision

emotional speech

She’s an emotional person.

她是個容易受到情緒影響的人。

emotional greeting


tumor

繼承自中古英語 tumour，源自古法語 tumour，源自拉丁語 tumor (“腫脹”)，源自 tumeō (“腫脹，膨脹”，動詞)，源自原始意大利語 *tumēō，源自原始印歐語 *tewh₂- (“腫脹”)。與英語 thumb 有關。

tumor 是美國標準拼寫、加拿大替用拼寫之一；tumour 則是其他地方的標準拼寫。

a benign tumor

a malignant tumor

brain tumor

identify tumor

pancreatic tumor

remove a tumor

take a tumor

stomach tumor


astute

拉丁語 astūtus，源自astus (“精明，技艺”)。

astuter (comparative)
astutest (superlative)

astute analysis

astute observation

astute remark

The best headteachers are like submarine captains – cool-headed, astute decision-makers – who trust their colleagues and surroundings to indicate where their ship is headed.

23 September 2014，A teacher，“Choosing a primary school: a teacher's guide for parents”, in The Guardian:


mode

來自古法語 mode m，來自拉丁語 modus (“方法，方式；節奏，旋律”)。modus 的同源對似詞。

方式，辦法 一個系統的狀態，由該系統的一個本徵函數所代表 與信號或振動相關的狀態

What was the mode of entry?

An effectual and inexpensive mode of Protecting Wall-Trees from Spring-Frosts.

保护墙树免受春季霜冻的一种有效且廉价的方法。

1855，Journal of the Royal Horticultural Society，卷 9，頁 205:

common-mode

differential-mode

normal mode of vibration

方式，辦法 一個系統的狀態，由該系統的一個本徵函數所代表 電磁場的波型

What was the mode of entry?

保护墙树免受春季霜冻的一种有效且廉价的方法。

longitudinal mode

transverse mode


wait

源自中古英語 waiten，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 waiter、waitier（对比法語 guetter←古法語 gaitier、guaitier)，源自古法蘭克語 *wahtwēn (“看守，守卫”)，派生自古法蘭克語 *wahtu (“看守”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *wahtwō (“看守”)，源自原始印歐語 *weǵ- (“鲜，快乐”)。同源词有古高地德語 wahtēn (“看守，守卫”)、德國低地德語 wachten (“等”)、荷蘭語 wachten (“等”)、法語 guetter (“守候”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 wachtje (“等”)、西弗里斯蘭語 wachtsje (“等”)、北弗里斯蘭語 wachtjen (“待命”)。详见watch。
很大程度上取代了本土词古英語 bīdan。

waits (third-person singular present)
waiting (present participle)
waited (past participle)

await

等待；期待 （现在多用wait for）

等待；期待 （现在多用wait for）

to wait one’s turn

The Court had assembled, to wait events, in the huge antechamber known as the Œil de Boeuf.

1992，Hilary Mantel，A Place of Greater Safety，Harper Perennial, 出版於 2007，頁 30:


Herculean

more Herculean (comparative)
most Herculean (superlative)

/ˌhɜːɹkjəˈliːən/

a Herculean labour

He replied in a dry manner, that I would find it a Herculean task to chastise everybody who should laugh at my expense;

1748，Tobias George Smollett，The Adventures of Roderick Random:

The guys at Volkswagen have a Herculean task.

2006, Jeremy Clarkson, Top Gear (TV show), commenting on the Bugatti Veyron automobile

There are thousands of known isotopes, and to have a functional and easily maintainable exhibit for all of these would require a Herculean effort.


commentator

ethnopolitical commentator


dependency

engineered dependency


dissent

ethnopolitical dissent

A system that suppresses dissent is fault-intolerant, ignorant and fragile.

2013年June28日，Charles Hugh Smith，Why Centralization Leads to Collapse:


divided

繼承自中古英語 divided、devided、devidid，中古英語 dividen (“分開，分隔”) 的過去分詞，等價於 divide + -ed。

more divided (comparative)
most divided (superlative)

divided opinions

divided nation


drudge

源自中古英語 druggen，可能与古英語 drēogan (“做；受苦”)有关。

drudge work


vehicular

vehicular homicide

Ernest had a fear of vehicular travel, and ended up walking everywhere.

歐內斯特害怕乘車出行，所以到處都是步行。

兩個沒有共同母語和共同文化的群體之間使用的；作為媒介的

vehicular language

English is used as a vehicular language in many business settings.

英語在許多商業場合被用作媒介語言。

Latin was a vehicular language for natural philosophers and others from the late Renaissance to the late 18th century.

從文藝復興晚期到 18 世紀晚期，拉丁語是自然哲學家和其他人的媒介語言。


grossly

grossly misjudged

grossly inflamed

A draft deal to cut global fossil fuel production is “grossly insufficient” and “incoherent” and will not stop the world from facing dangerous climate breakdown, according to delegates at the UN’s Cop28 summit.

2023年December11日，Fiona Harvey，Patrick Greenfield，Nina Lakhani，Adam Morton，Damian Carrington，“Cop28 draft climate deal criticised as ‘grossly insufficient’ and ‘incoherent’”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


gruel

源自中古英語 gruel、gruwel、greuel、growel (“用扁豆等制成的谷物粗粉”)，源自古法語 gruel (“谷物粗粉”→ 法語 gruau)，源自中世紀拉丁語 grutellum，中世紀拉丁語 grutum (“面粉；谷物粗粉”)的指小词，源自某日耳曼語族语言，多半是古英語 grūt (“面粉；谷物粗粉”)或可能是古法蘭克語 *grūt，两者均源自原始日耳曼語 *grūtiz (“砂砾”)。对比荷蘭語 gruit、中古低地德語 grūt、中古高地德語 grūz、德語 Grütze (“谷物”)。亦与英語 groats、grit有关。

thin gruel


headless

繼承自中古英語 heedles、hevedles，來自古英語 hēafodlēas (“無頭”)，等同head + -less。與荷蘭語 hoofdloos (“無頭”)、丹麥語 hovedløs (“無頭”)、瑞典語 huvudlös (“無頭”)、冰島語 höfuðlaus (“無頭”)等同源。

unheaded

站點的前端與其後面的平台完全分離的

無頭的 天生沒有或不需要頭的

headless invertebrates

站點的前端與其後面的平台完全分離的

a headless nail;   a headless set screw


harbinger

/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/

/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/

harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring

When the darkest days come, they are the harbinger of a new dawn.


insolent

原始印歐語詞
 *swé
源自中古英語，源自古法語，源自拉丁語 īnsolēns (“不寻常的，讨厌的，无节制的，过量的，过分的，自大的，无礼的”)，源自in- (否定前缀) + solēns，solere (“为人所习惯”)的过去分词。

more insolent (comparative)
most insolent (superlative)

insolent behaviour

insolent child

insolent remark


legislative

more legislative (comparative)
most legislative (superlative)

a legislative act


politically

more politically (comparative)
most politically (superlative)

tackle a matter politically

politically insensitive

a politically-charged speech

Although politically he claims to be a Democrat, his actions are more Republican.

尽管在政治上他自称是民主党人，但他的行动更像共和党人。

Nevertheless intellectually, ideologically and politically he identified with industrialists whom he, just like Smith, saw as the usherers of progress.

然而，从思想、意识形态和政治角度来说，他认同工业家，就像史密斯一样，他视工业家为进步的引领者。

2002，Yanis Varoufakis，Foundations of Economics: A Beginner's Companion，頁 25:


passenger

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒə/

unscheduled passenger


reciprocating

reciprocating behavior


cruising speed

to reach cruising speed


ammoniac

繼承自中古英語 ammoniak，源自中世紀拉丁語 ammōniacum。

more ammoniac (comparative)
most ammoniac (superlative)

an ammoniac salt; ammoniacal gas


Chrysler

來自1925年由Walter Chrysler創立並以其名字命名的汽車公司。姓氏源自德語 Kreißler。

一個由克萊斯勒集團（1925–1998）及其後繼公司（最近的是斯泰兰蒂斯）擁有的汽車品牌。

a Chrysler dealership


amnesia

來自修改後的拉丁語 amnesia，來自古希臘語 ἀμνησία (amnēsía，“遺忘”)，為μιμνήσκω (mimnḗskō，“提醒，記得”)的名詞派生詞，並加上否定前綴。

amm

一種強效的以苴麻為主的大麻品種

ammie

一種強效的以苴麻為主的大麻品種

a state of cultural amnesia


calcular

a calcular deposit


sunbathed

起自1890年代或更早；將陽光想象成能浸潤某些東西的液體。

陽光明媚的；被陽光所照耀的

sunbathed landscape


Euro-American

Euroamerican trade with China


luxation

lens luxation

The fore-arm, in this luxation, is in a state of half-flexion

前臂在这种脱位状态下处于半屈曲状态

1818，Samuel Cooper，A Dictionary of Practical Surgery:

a laterally bowed distal femur might allow medial patellar luxation. As this repeatedly luxates, the medial trochlear ridge may become worn down, thereby increasing the frequency of luxation.

股骨远端横向弯曲可能会导致髌骨内侧脱位。当反复脱位时，内侧滑车脊可能会磨损，从而增加脱位的频率。

2000，Hamish Denny, Steve Butterworth，A Guide to Canine and Feline Orthopaedic Surgery:


parasocial

one-sided

单方面的，一厢情愿的； 准社会的 （尤其指代名人和他们的观众或粉丝之间的关系）

单方面的，一厢情愿的； 准社会的 （尤其指代名人和他们的观众或粉丝之间的关系）

a parasocial relationship

Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl coined the term parasocial interaction in 1956 to describe the imaginary interactions between the audience and TV variety show hosts, noting the “seeming face-to-face relationship” that viewers developed […]

[2006，Encyclopedia of Children, Adolescents, and the Media，SAGE Publications, →ISBN:

In the past, parasocial relationships occurred predominantly with television or film celebrities, but now these […] celebrities openly share their opinions and activities through various social media outlets such as Twitter and Facebook.

2016，Molly Marshall，AQA Psychology Student Guide 3: Issues and debates in psychology，Hachette UK, →ISBN:

And yet for every creator for whom parasocial relationships are an unintended byproduct of their work, there are many more – influencers, YouTubers, vloggers – who actively cultivate that faux-intimacy with their followers, softening them up so that they might more easily ply their wares, be that waist trainers or make-up brushes.

2022年February13日，Otegha Uwagba，“Too close for comfort: the pitfalls of parasocial relationships”, in The Guardian:

With the advent of AI chatbots, the ethics of parasocial relationships just keep getting murkier. Introducing: CarynAI, a voice-based chatbot that was trained to mimic a human influencer to become your artificial girlfriend.

2023年May11日，Maggie Harrison，“Influencer Creates AI Version of Herself That You Can Rent as a Girlfriend”, in Futurism:


inox

inox steel


drop-dead

最终地，不能更改地，定死地

drop-dead date

The intruding investor (VC #2) makes an offer at a pre-money valuation of $15 million, subject to due diligence, and the expiration of the "drop dead" date, meaning the date in the initial investor's term sheet when exclusivity expires.

2003，Joseph W. Bartlett, Ross Barrett, Michael Butler，Advanced Private Equity Term Sheets and Series A Documents:

As the drop-dead date approaches, my mind becomes more focused.

2010，Richard L. Daft，The Executive and the Elephant，頁 96:

If the assets [of a steel mill] were not sold by a fixed date, […]the “drop-dead” provision of the settlement agreement would take effect. Under that provision, the mills would be closed, the stay would be lifted, and the secured creditors would take possession. Probably neither the debtor nor the secured creditors believed that a sale could be completed before the drop-dead date.

2019，Lynn M. LoPucki, Elizabeth Warren, Robert M. Lawless，Secured Transactions: A Systems Approach，頁 107:


alimental

alimental sap

alimental produce


all-night

同類詞：all-day

an all-night party

The former G.E.R. all-night service between Liverpool Street and Chingford, at hourly intervals, is revived.

1961 January，“The North-East London electrification of the Great Eastern Line”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 20:


stat

借自拉丁語 statim (“立即”)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stat.wav

stat dose


thrown

繼承自中古英語 throwen，繼承自古英語 þrāwen、ġeþrāwen，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þrēanaz，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þrēaną。thran 的同源對似詞。
字面上等同於 throw + -n。

a thrown weapon


rizz

约2021年5月由YouTube和Twitch主播凯·塞纳特（或他的一个朋友）造出，然后在TikTok上走红。本词在2023年进一步走红，并当选牛津大学出版社的2023年年度单词。塞纳特指出这个词不是略自charisma。

negative rizz, L rizz

负数魅力（指让异性讨厌）

Wow, that guy has no rizz whatsoever.

You got her number? W rizz!

Bruh, that girl has better rizz than I do.

Baby Gronk shared that he would be focusing not on grade school or a paper route but ... his love for video games. To be fair, the purported "rizz king" of the pre-pubescent sports world is probably not the one who actually said any of the above.

2023年June26日，Lauren Mechling，“Baby Gronk, internet stardom and the Sports Dad nightmare writ large”, in 衛報，倫敦: 衛報媒體集團, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2023-07-22:

By now we all know how stilted and off-kilter ChatGPT sounds: blind confidence and a lack of shame can get you far in life, but could it really have more 'rizz' than even the most stilted and awkward human?

2024年January8日，James Greig，“Can AI finally help me to get some rizz? An investigation”, in Dazed，London: Dazed Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2024-01-08:


black market

起於1930年代左右，可能仿譯自德語 Schwarzmarkt，該詞在1910年代就已出現。對照Schwärzer (“走私者”，18世紀)。

從事黑市交易的人；黑市行業

associational black market


peil

借自荷蘭語 peil (“水位”)。

Tokyo Peil (TP); Yedogawa Peil (YP); Osaka Peil (OP)

東京水位；江戶川水位；大阪水位


augmented

more augmented (comparative)
most augmented (superlative)

增加的，增強的 通过用户界面与數字技术的集成来辅助和改进的

同類詞：virtual

augmented reality

augmented surgery


spastic

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 spasticus，來自古希臘語 σπαστικός (spastikós，“抽搐”)。By surface analysis, spasm + -tic。比較法語 spastique；參見 spasm。

more spastic (comparative)
most spastic (superlative)

spastic colon

spastic paralysis


attenuated

more attenuated (comparative)
most attenuated (superlative)

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的 感染力减弱的；不再能自我複製的

attenuated power

She had become spiritualized in mind, even as she had grown attenuated in person.

尽管她本人已经变得虚弱，但她的内心却变得精神化了。

1835，William Gilmore Simms，The Partisan，Harper, Chapter XI，頁 140:

To conclude otherwise requires accepting an attenuated fiction that commingling funds in an account, even if done decades earlier, means the account today still contains funds attributable to the sale of expropriated property.

2025, Sonia Sotomayor (writing for a unanimous Supreme Court of the United States), Opinion of the Court in Republic of Hungary et al. v. Simon et al., № 23—867, 2025-02-21

同類詞：nonlive、killed

近義詞：nonreplicating

the live attenuated type of vaccines


exercises

opening exercises

graduation exercises


bucket list

源自 bucket + list。
*義項1：可能暗指一个概念性的桶，里面放着以后要处理的任务。
*義項2：來自 kick the bucket (“死亡，去世”)，bucket 可能指横梁，猪被宰杀后，被倒挂在上面（可能源自古法語 buquet (“天平；投石机”)）。1999年由美國及英國的編劇賈斯汀·查克漢造出，当时他写了一个草稿，叫“贾斯汀死前要做的事情清单”（“Justin’s List of Things to Do before I Kick the Bucket”），后来缩短成“Justin’s Bucket List”。清单上的第一项是让好莱坞的一家大电影公司制作一个剧本。几年后，他突然想到“bucket list”这个概念可以作为一部电影的基础，于是他写了一个剧本，讲述两个濒死的男人在生命的最后一刻互相完成他们自己的遗愿清单的故事，这部剧本后来成为了电影《遗愿清单》 (2007)。也正是这部电影让这个用法流行起来。

遗愿清单，平生梦想单，一个人在死之前想要做的所有事情的清单 （自20世紀末）
在一定期限之前或一定时间内要完成的事情清单

同類詞：dream list、wish list

I have so many things on my bucket list yet to do.

在我的遗愿清单上，还有许多事情沒做过。

Q: What projects are you working on now and in the near future? [Rob Reiner] I'm hoping by the end of October to be shooting a film I've been working on called "The Bucket List," starring Jack Nicholson and Morgan Freeman. […] They find out they are terminal. They know they don't have much longer to live. It's about working out the issues you need to work out before you die. […] Q: Do you have your own "bucket list"? [Reiner] You know, I don't. I've gone on with my life always trying to do positive things and make things better and the world better. […] I want to see my kids do well, but that's not a "bucket list"

问：你现在和近期在做什么项目？[ 罗伯·莱纳 ] 我希望在十月底之前拍好一部我一直在拍摄的电影，名为《遗愿清单》，由杰克·尼科尔森和摩根·弗里曼主演。 […] 他们发现自己已经到了生命的尽头。他们知道他们活不了多久了。这是关于在死前解决你需要解决的问题。 […] 问：你有自己的“遗愿清单”吗？[莱纳] 你知道，我没有。我的生活一直都在努力做积极的事情，让事情变得更好，让世界变得更好。 […] 我希望看到我的孩子过得好，但这不是“遗愿清单”

2006年September2日，Peterson Gonzaga，“Reiner gets animated in ‘Everybody’s Hero’”, in Herald News，West Paterson, N.J.: Gannett, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 D4，列s 3–4:

I'm a helicopter pilot, not a writer. Still, it's been a dream of mine to someday write a book. It's ranked near the top on my list of things I want to do someday, my "bucket list," if you will.

我是一名直升机飞行员，不是作家。不过，写一本书一直是我的梦想。在我想做的事中——你也可以说是我的“遗愿清单”——写书排在很靠前的位置。

2009年August10日，Robert Deeter，章號 8, in Bullseye: Journal of a Black Hawk Pilot，Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN，頁 102:

"They told me hiking down into the canyon was on their bucket list." / She nodded. "I hear that all the time. People all over the world have the Grand Canyon on their bucket list." / Jake frowned. "I don't have a bucket list."

“他们告诉我，徒步下到大峡谷是他们一生必做之事。”/ 她点点头。“我听过很多遍了。世界上许多人都把大峡谷列入了他们的遗愿清单。”/ 杰克皱起眉头。“我没有什么遗愿清单。”

2010，Annalisa Daughety，章號 23, in Love is Grand (A Walk in the Park; 3)，Uhrichsville, Oh.: Barbour Publishing, →ISBN，頁 168:

The beauty of bucket lists is that just as they represent us and our dreams, like us they also grow and change. You will be surprised once you have begun the bucket list journey at how opportunities spring up around you. New ideas beg to be added to your list. Even the act of completing a bucket list goal can be the source of further exploration.

遗愿清单的美妙之处在于，它们不仅代表着我们和我们的梦想，而且像我们一样，也在成长和变化。一旦你开始遗愿清单之旅，你会惊讶地发现身边有无数的机会。新的想法迫不及待地想加入到你的清单中。即使是完成遗愿清单中的目标，也可能成为进一步探索的源泉。

2014，Lara Krupika，“How to Use this Book”, in Bucket List Living for Moms: Becoming a More Adventurous Parent，Cork, County Cork: BookBaby, →ISBN:

a winter bucket list


antivenom

源自 anti- + venom，antivenin和antivenene 的同源對似詞。

用于治疗蛇、蜘蛛等有毒动物的生物毒素的解毒剂；抗蛇毒血清

broad-spectrum antivenom

Most deaths and serious consequences from snakebites are entirely preventable by existing means, including making antivenom much more widely available.

大多数因蛇咬伤而导致的死亡和严重后果完全可以通过现有手段预防，包括更广泛地提供抗蛇毒血清。

2008，“Poisonings”, in World Report on Child Injury Prevention，WHO Press, →ISBN，頁 129:

So how much venom do you actually need to make antivenom?
About 15.
15 snakes to make one vial of antivenom?
Yep.
那么，制作抗蛇毒血清到底需要多少毒液呢？
大约15条蛇。
15条蛇才能制作一瓶抗蛇毒血清？
没错。

2022, Derek Muller, "How Horses Save Humans from Snake Bites", Veritasium, 00:03:12 ff.:


intergenerational

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-intergenerational.wav

intergenerational justice

In nearly 300 pages, the book delves into the history of white supremacy and racist systems that have led to intergenerational Black fatigue.

本书近300页，深入探讨了累及多代黑人的白人至上主义和种族主义制度的历史。

2021年May19日，Donna M. Owens，“Microaggressions and straight-up racism are exhausting Black people”, in Racial Reckoning，NBC News, retrieved 2025-05-05:


parish-pump

由 parish (“教區”) + pump (“水泵”)，即 parish pump 的定語形式，暗指教區水泵作為教區居民會面交談的場所。

/ˈpæɹɪʃ ˌpʌmp/

/ˈpæɹɪʃ ˌpʌmp/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-parish-pump.wav

僅具區域利益或意義的；小地方主義的，目光偏狹的

parish pump politics

parish-pump squabbles

Never avoid bars or smoke-rooms, because in the former case you miss the chance of marrying a flirt, and in the latter of having your mind improved by local parish-pump politics, and your head broken by a fool in his cups.

永遠不要避開酒吧或吸煙室，因為在前一種情況下，你錯過了與一個輕浮女子結婚的機會，而在後一種情況下，你錯過了通過地方教區水泵式政治來提高自己思想的機會，以及被一個醉漢打破頭的機會。

[1875?]，Thomas Bardel Brindley，章號 I, in Hints, Humorous and Satirical, to All the World and His Wife. […] [給全世界及其妻子的幽默諷刺提示]，第3rd版, 倫敦: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. […], →OCLC, paragraph 7，頁 6:

I now turn to the question of political progress. Ten days or so ago I was criticized in a newspaper for saying that I would confine political progress to the parish-pump level. […] I believe it right to ensure that truly responsible local government at the rural community and Municipal Council levels is firmly established and as quickly as possible.

現在我轉向政治進步的問題。大約十天前，我因為說我會將政治進步限制在地方基層水準而在報紙上受到批評。 […] 我認為確保在農村社區和市政委員會層面建立真正負責任的地方政府並盡快實施是正確的。

1952 March 19 (date delivered)，Victor Purcell，引 Gerald Templer, “The Case for the Governments [政府的立場]”, in Malaya: Communist or Free? [馬來亞：共產主義還是自由？]，Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 出版於 1954, →OCLC，頁 189:

This study […] pays serious attention to so called parish-pump conflicts in the belief that they performed a fundamental role in shaping opinion in the countryside. The vitality of parish pump alignments had a temporal dimension, too, for it seems that the querulousness of the rural community expressed a developing perception of equilibrium and well-being.

這項研究 […] 認真關注所謂的地方瑣事衝突，相信它們在塑造鄉村輿論方面發揮了基礎性作用。地方小事派別的活力也有時間維度，因為鄉村社區的好爭吵似乎表達了對均勢和福祉不斷發展的認識。

1985，P[eter] M[ichael] Jones，“Introduction”, in Politics and Rural Society: The Southern Massif Central c. 1750–1880 [政治與鄉村社會：南部中央高原約1750-1880年]，Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN，頁 5:

The idea of "parish-pump politics" is well known. Instead of engaging in problem solving at the community level, local politicians often think only of their own, local community, even if it is much more reasonable to cooperate with neighbouring communities and to pursue common regional interests.

「狹隘地方政治」的觀念是眾所周知的。當地政治家們常常只考慮自己的地方社區，而不是在社區層面參與解決問題，即使與鄰近社區合作並追求共同的區域利益更為合理。

2016，Michael Böcher, Max Krott，“Case Studies [案例研究]”, in Science Makes the World Go Round: Successful Scientific Knowledge Transfer for the Environment [科學讓世界運轉：成功的環境科學知識轉移]，[Cham, Zug, Switzerland]: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN，頁 62:


apprehended

more apprehended (comparative)
most apprehended (superlative)

an apprehended criminal

an apprehended concept


auto-generated

自動生成的（多指由程式）

auto-generated subtitles