air mass

可能是仿譯自德語 Luftmasse。

After a 227-day drought ending with December temperatures above 90, a polar air mass collided with a wave of damp tropical air, condensed it in seven days of cloudburst.

The mercury has been soaring in the state since the weekend because of an air mass hovering over Queensland.

2013, Bridie Jabour, The Guardian, 31 Dec 2013:


anus

:(1658) < 拉丁语 anus < 原始印欧语 *ano-（环）。另见 anal、annular、annelid。


blow up

源自中古英語 blow up、blowe up，异化自早期形式中古英語 upblowen（→英語 upblow），等价于blow + up。对比西弗里斯蘭語 opblaze (“胀起，充气”)、荷蘭語 opblazen (“胀起，充气”)、德語 aufblähen以及aufblasen (“胀起，充气”)、瑞典語 blåsa upp (“胀起，充气”)、冰島語 blása upp (“胀起，充气”)、哥特語 𐌿𐍆𐌱𐌻𐌴𐍃𐌰𐌽 (ufblēsan, “胀起，充气”)。

See if you can blow the bubbles up the staircase.

看看你能不能把泡泡吹上楼梯。

Why do cars in movies always blow up when they fall off a cliff?

为什么电影里的汽车老是在飞下悬崖前就爆炸了。

In dense fog at about 10.25 p.m. on the night of October 25, two tank barges carrying petroleum [...] missed the entrance to the docks at Sharpness and were carried up the River Severn by the incoming tide. They collided with one of the piers of the Severn Bridge, carrying the Berkeley Road-Lydney branch of the Western Region, and as a result of the collision both tankers blew up.

1961 January, “Talking of Trains: The Severn Bridge disaster”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 3, 5 頁s:

使...爆炸，爆破，炸毁，炸残，炸死

We had to blow up the bridge before the enemy army arrived.

我们不得不在敌军到来前把桥炸毁。

More civilians than soldiers have been blown up by anti-personnel mines.

被杀伤地雷炸死的平民比士兵还多。

Temporary bridges are now common in Moravia and Slovakia as so many permanent structures were blown up during the last phase of the war.

1947 January and February, Gerald Druce (Jun.), “A Journey on the "Slovak Arrow"”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 16 頁:

"But we wanted to be more ambitious. We had established contacts with the Ukrainian railways, and they had all sorts of needs. Bridges blown up by the Russians, but also bridges blown up by themselves in tactical battlefield operations."

2023年May17日, Paul Clifton, “Building bridges to Ukraine...”, 出自 RAIL, 第 983 期，第 31 頁:

For the school science project, each student will blow up a balloon and then tie it closed.

学校的科学课题里，每名学生需要给一个气球充气然后把它绑紧。

Blow up the picture to get a better look at their faces.

把图片放大好看清他们的脸。

So I wish you luck, but don't come crying to me when it blows up in your face.

2002, Joan Barfoot, Critical injuries，第 118 頁:

This album is about to blow up; they’re being promoted on MTV.

这专辑要爆火了，MTV台在介绍它。

You know you blew up when the women rush your stands
And try to touch your hands like some screaming Usher fans […]

Dad blew up at me when I told him I was pregnant.

我告诉爸我怀孕了以后，他突然对我大发雷霆。

使...骄傲，使...沾沾自喜，使...得意忘形

to blow someone up with flattery

blown up with high conceits engendering pride

1667, John Milton, “Book 4”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

to blow up a contention

[…] did not choose to comply with her wishes. Upon which Mrs. Basset, in the language of the Old Bailey, nabbed the rust; insisted upon some liquor, would not quit the house without it, and began to blow up the hostess and blast the rose.

用大量短信或电话轰炸，用大量短信或电话骚扰

I am the man
 So I’m sitting in the VIP
with my mains
We twisted up some Crip
but I am ready to dip
to the telly with my relly
cuz these fuckin git up chicks keep blowin up my celly.

aːm ðə meɪ̯n
soʊ̯ aːm sɪtɪn ɪn ðə vɪp
wɪθ maː meɪ̯ns
wiː twɪstəd ʌp sʊm kɹɪp
bʌt aːm ɹɛdi tu dɪp
tʊ ðə tɛli wɪθ maː ɹɛli
kʌz ðiːz fʌkɪn gɪt ʌp t͡ʃɪks kiːp blowɪn ʌp maː sɛli

2007, “Fucc & Git Up”, 出自 DZ 作詞, Sleepless City Livin, 演出者 DZ ft. Gangsta Nutt，from 1:59:

Don't let them sabotage a possible good thing by blowing up your phone while you're in the middle of a hot date with nonsense like, “Jason keeps asking for a Popsicle before bed. Do you think it's okay that I give him one?”

2009, RM Johnson, Why Men Fear Marriage: The Surprising Truth Behind Why So Many Men Can't Commit, →ISBN:

Dad sure knew how to kill a mood. He had blown up my phone all day, ensuring that I didn't back out of our agreement.

2011, Jaime Reed, Living Violet, →ISBN，第 67 頁:

Not knowing the whereabouts of his daughter, Tavon blew up her phone without once getting a response.

2012, Chris Hicks, Ebony Chronicles of Elevation, 第 1 卷, →ISBN，第 181 頁:

He has never officially said that we are in a relationship, but he blows up my phone night and day, always wanting to know where I am.

2013, Michelle McKinney Hammond, The Real Deal on Love and Men, →ISBN:

“Danny Cipriani is blowing up my phone saying: ‘I’m going to sue you’,” she said, shortly before announcing her willingness to go to prison over the issue.

2014年September11日, Alexis Petridis, 引 Kelly Brook, “A freedom fighter for our time: Kelly Brook will not be silenced over Danny Cipriani”, 出自 The Guardian:

They're blowing up our phones, asking where we are / Just say we're almost there; we ain't even in the car

Halfway home, and my pager's still blowin' up

1992, Ice Cube （作曲作詞）, “It Was A Good Day”, 出自 The Predator:

（因排泄、放屁等）发出恶臭

Don't go in there...I really blew it up.

别进去，我刚拉完里面臭得不行。


buddy system

一起干活或出行 （一般前接use）

Use the buddy system so that you can look after each other on the trip.

找人一起走，这样旅途中可以相互照应。

buddy memory allocation (“伙伴内存分配系统”)之同義詞


starboard

源自中古英語 sterbord、stere-bourd、stere-burd，源自古英語 stēorbord，源自原始西日耳曼語 *steurubord，等价于steer + board (“船的一侧”)，指古时船只舵桨放在右侧（来方便右撇子船员），此时船只需要以左侧靠岸，否则会被右侧的舵桨挡住，这也是现在左侧被称为port的原因。

right

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

port

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

backboard

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

larboard

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

leeboard

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

left

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

（船舶、航空器等的）右侧，右舷

I see another vessel off the starboard side.

我从右舷看到了另一艘船。

We're on starboard tack, so the other boat has to give way.

我们现在右舷受风，所以另外那艘船得让路。


starboard

to starboard the helm


digital camera

The good thing about digital cameras and digital backs is that they allow you to change ISO in the middle of shooting. You can't do that with film.

數碼相機和數碼後背的好處在於它們允許你在拍攝過程中更改感光度。你不能用胶卷做到這一點。

2006, Michael Grecco, Lighting and the Dramatic Portrait, Amphoto Books, →ISBN，第 20 頁:


put out

putout的拼寫錯誤。


put out

more put out (comparative)
most put out (superlative)

生气的，发火的，被冒犯的

Gordon told GCN that when the bill was first reviewed in the House, it received a 70-49 vote, one vote short of the majority it needed to pass. Gordon said that gay and lesbian activists were "extremely put-out" over this narrow loss.

1991年May4日, Elizabeth Yukins, “Maryland Passes Gay Hate Crimes Bill”, 出自 Gay Community News，第 2 頁:

He was put out at the mere suggestion of misconduct.

别人一说他可能失职，他就生气了。


put out

You can't have a pair of scissors! You'll put your eye out!

不能给你剪刀！你会戳到自己的眼睛的。

Don’t forget to put out the dog.

放出去，拿走 解雇，开除

Don’t forget to put out the dog.

I don't mean to put you out. It's just vital that I get this done tonight.

我希望你别生气，只是今晚前我得把这个做好。

England stumbled into the World Cup quarter-finals and almost certainly put Scotland out after an error-ridden victory at Eden Park.

2011年October1日, Tom Fordyce, “Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, 出自 BBC Sport:

Along about Tuesday Uncle Cal put out for San Antone on the last wagonload of wool.

The factory puts out 4000 units each day.

工厂每天生产4000个产品。

This unit puts out 4000 BTUs.

这个产品产热4000 BTU。

Lift with your knees. Don’t put out your back.

用膝盖使力气，别把你的背闪了。

Yet she must dye, else shee'l betray more men:
Put out the Light, and then put out the Light:
If I quench thee, thou flaming Minister,
I can againe thy former light restore,
Should I repent me. But once put out thy Light,
Thou cunning'st Patterne of excelling Nature,
I know not where is that Promethaean heate
That can thy Light re-Lume.

约1603–1604年, 威廉·莎士比亚, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice [奥赛罗]”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (第一对开本), 伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

They worked for days to put out the brushfire.

She put out her cigarette.

'You talk funny,' I said to him. 'I mean, the other wardens say, "Put that light out", but you shout, "Put out the light".'
'Shakespeare,' the warden said in a deep voice.

2010, Terry Deary, Put out the Light, p. 10:

Put out those lights before the Germans see them.

把灯熄了，不然德国人会看到的。

Don't them laundry queens put out good enough to suit you?

Christ, maybe that blond was only a bitch after all. Maybe she put out even to the punks. Come to think of it, she looked a little hard-boiled.

1934, James T. Farrell, 章號 17, 出自 The Young Manhood of Studs Lonigan:

Aarfy […] tried to dissuade them from ever putting out for anyone but their husbands.

1961年November10日, Joseph Heller, Catch-22 […], New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC:

If she won't put out the men will accuse her of being bourgeois and uptight.

1975, David Lodge, Changing Places: A Tale of Two Campuses，第 232 頁:

I can't afford to waste a Saturday night here with some married bird who isn't putting out.

2003, Elizabeth M. Noble, Reading Group，第 205 頁:

This Grosso dated this woman a couple of times, and then, when she wouldn't put out for him, he beat her up and forced her.

2005, William Heffernan, A Time Gone By:


snoop

玩阴招，耍阴招，使诡计。


R.I.P.

拉丁語 requiescat in pace的簡寫。於英語中，多數譯為rest in peace，兩個全寫的意思都是安息，意指「願他／她安息」。此縮寫多見於歐洲的墓碑上。


cosplay

源自日語 コスプレ (kosupure)，為 コスチュームプレイ (kosuchūmu purei) 的略詞。和製英語，源自英語 costume play。

指穿著、打扮成喜好之動漫、布袋戲等作品人物甚至於歷史等人物之行為。角色扮演、角演。


cosplay

穿著、打扮成喜好之動漫、布袋戲等作品人物甚至於歷史等人物


CRL

certificate revocation list (“憑證吊銷列表”)之首字母縮略詞。


deprecated

more deprecated (comparative)
most deprecated (superlative)

曾經使用過，但現今已經不再使用的事物、標準等


deprecated

deprecate 的過去式和過去分詞


reverse Polish notation

Back in my day, we had reverse Polish notation calculators: You had to write "2 4 3 * +" instead of "2 + 4 * 3".

我那时候用的都是逆波兰表示法计算器：你得写“2 4 3 * +”而不是“2 + 4 * 3”。


sharp-cornered

more sharp-cornered (comparative)
most sharp-cornered (superlative)


synchronize

源自古希臘語 συγχρονίζω (sunkhronízō)。


AIG

American International Group (“美国国际集团”)之首字母縮略詞。


Auntie

(英國)(爱称) 英國廣播公司

(澳大利亞) 澳大利亞廣播公司


brick-and-mortar

Consolidating brick-and-mortar and online toy businesses may have been a good-faith strategy. What’s certain is that the deals helped generate $128 million in transaction fees for the owners.

2018年June13日, Bryce Covert, “The Demise of Toys 'R' Us Is a Warning”, 出自 The Atlantic, →ISSN:


amine

胺（含有氨基的有机化合物）


ammine

（作为配体的）氨，氨配体


ammonium nitrate

According to the Lebanese government, about 2,750 tons of ammonium nitrate fertilizer was stored in a warehouse on the Beirut waterfront and caught fire, later exploding.

2020年August5日, John Ismay, “What Is Ammonium Nitrate, Blamed in the Beirut Explosion?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


Ctrl

Press Ctrl-Alt-Del to restart the computer.


anamorphic

*扭曲的，变形的 图像
* 正體: 歪像[電子計算機]


camcorder

/ˈkæmˌkɔɹdɚ/


camcorder

/ˈkæmˌkɔɹdɚ/


camera ready

more camera ready (comparative)
most camera ready (superlative)

常用於將單獨的文檔編譯為單個作品的情況，例如將技術出版物編譯為會議講義。


cardinal number

# （计算机）基數
# （语法）基數


constance

* 正體： 常數［電子計算機］


DMCA

Digital Millennium Copyright Act (“數位千禧年著作權法”)之首字母縮略詞。


DMCA

以數位千禧年著作權法為依據發出通知，以便刪除侵權的材料

The record label DMCAed several Web sites that were hosting copyrighted song lyrics.

唱片公司向幾個刊載受版權保護歌詞的網站發送了侵權通知。


frame of reference

Anyone with an unsubverted or cleansed frame of reference likely couldn't bear seeing such mistreatment and violence.


frame relay

* 正體: 訊框中繼[電子計算機]
* 简体: 帧中继[电子计算机]


duodecillion

duo- + decillion；或來自拉丁語 duodecim (“十二”) + -illion。


extremely low frequency

極低頻率，超低頻，至低頻（3~30Hz的频率）


FWIW

Supposidly, SVR3 was developed on the 400 line, and ports to the 3B5/15 line are not due out until early next year. FWIW.

1986年August27日, Marc A. Ries, “Re: UNIX v.3 Query”, 出自 net.unix (Usenet), retrieved 2016-07-02, message-ID <1267@trwrb.UUCP>:

Anyway, the PD libraries for "strings" and "ndir" were the saving grace, once "job control" was conditionally compiled out. FWIW.

1986年November26日, Marc A. Ries, “Re: Berkely Unix ported to NCR Tower32”, 出自 comp.unix.wizards (Usenet), retrieved 2020-07-21, message-ID <1441@trwrb.UUCP>:

I spoke with a person that was a crew member of a P3-ORION out of Moffett. Although the Navy will not admit or deny the presence of nuclear depth-charges...he said that they routinely carry them during training...in case the training turns into the REAL thing while they are in the air. FWIW, --Bi// (For What It Is Worth)

1987年January6日, William Daul, “B-52's don't fly out of Moffett Naval Air Station”, 出自 mod.politics.arms-d (Usenet), retrieved 2016-07-02, message-ID <8701070354.AA12777@ucbvax.Berkeley.EDU>:


long time no see

不详。可考于美国1901年，作为美洲原住民的一个皮钦语英语用法出现。可能是仿譯自粵語 好耐冇見／好耐冇见，可对比no can do或chop-chop。若确实如此，则可能来自美国唐人街，或是香港等当时的英国远东殖民地。另可能来自美洲土著人，或者美洲原住民所使用的皮钦语英语，因其主要出现在美洲原住民的电影形象刻画上，对比汤头（20世纪30年代）这一角色的用词。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-long time no see.ogg

Dave! Long time no see! How’s Boston been treating you?

Dave！好久不见！在波士顿过得怎么样啊？

Good morning. Long time no see you.

1901, W. F. Drannan, Thirty-One Years on the Plains and in the Mountains:


karaoke

/ˈkæ.ɹəˌəʊ.ki/

/kɑːɹɑːˌokeɪ/

/kɑːɹɑːˌokɛ/


digital still camera

用於相機行業。still將這種類型的相機與用於錄製影片的相機區分開來。


LaTeX

一種基於 TeX 的排版系統，適用於生成高印刷品質的科技和數學、物理文件；常風格化作LaTeX。


Hayes

源自古英语 hæs (“灌木丛”)，中古英语 hay (“圈地”)。

海耶斯： 源自父名的姓氏。

海耶斯：
爱尔兰姓氏，Ó hAodha (“Aodh的后裔”)的英语化。


alas

来自中古英語 alas，来自古法語 a las（法语hélas），来自a (“啊”) + las，来自拉丁語 lassus (“厭倦”)。对比荷蘭語 helaas、北弗里斯蘭語 ielas、西弗里斯蘭語 eilaas。

I wanted to catch the last bus home, but alas, I was ten minutes late and had to take a taxi instead.

我想趕上末班車回家，可惜呀，我遲到了十分鐘，只好搭計程車了。


alas

来自雅庫特語 алаас (alaas)。

一種见于雅庫特的窪地，由永久凍土層沉降形成。


MST

/ˌɛm ˌɛs ˈtiː/


Maxwell

麦克斯韦，姓氏，源自苏格兰的Mackeswell。


meg

（同 mega-）百万-，兆-


ring in

John has just rung in sick. He won't be back til Monday, he says.

John刚打电话来，说他生病了，周一之前回不来。

We will ring in the New Year at a ski resort.

我们准备在一个滑雪场庆祝新年。


ring in

All the world was only the two Copleigh girls, Saumarez and I, ringed in with the lightning and the dark; and the guidance of this misguided world seemed to lie in my hands.

He was ringed in on all sides by a solid circle of gleaming red sparks that shone from the grass. Held back by their fear, the graveyard rats surrounded him, squealing their hate.


ROFL

/ɑɹˌoʊˌɛfˈɛl/

rolling on the floor, laughing之首字母縮略詞：笑死，笑得打滚


ROFL

/ɑɹˌoʊˌɛfˈɛl/

roll on the floor, laughing之首字母縮略詞：笑死，笑得打滚

IF YOU PLAYED Boiling Point and didn’t find yourself outwardly ROFLing at the absurd number of bugs the game was drowning in, then maybe you saw the potential Deep Shadows’ free-roaming Columbian RPG had hidden in its floating-puma infested jungles.

2007 October, Steve Hogarty, “White Gold”, 出自 PC Zone, 第 185 期，第 30 頁:

My REFs may be ROFLing⁷ while I’m definitely not. My RLFs will know the minute they see me or talk to me on the phone that I need cheering up.

2008, Rhiannon Bury, 引 Callie, “Remotely Embodied Friendships in Female Fan Communities”, 出自 Samantha Holland 編, Remote Relationships in a Small World, Peter Lang, →ISBN, section 3 (Making Contact)，第 195 and 197 頁s:

It ends innocently – “Friends ROFLed and everybody at the party cheered at us. It was a cool night!” – but taken out of context with some of the questions above, it’s no surprise that parents are spooked.

2014年February19日, Stuart Dredge, “Talking Angela app: here’s what she’s really saying to your kids”, 出自 Alan Rusbridger 編, 衛報, 倫敦: 衛報媒體集團, →ISSN, →OCLC，2014-02-19歸檔自原頁面:

I’d be ROFLing if it weren’t so sad, so pathetic.

2015, “Julie Patch”, 出自 Winesburg, Indiana: A Fork River Anthology, Indiana University Press, →ISBN，第 23 頁:


rub out

The teacher wanted to rub out the chalk marks on the blackboard.

老师想把黑板上的粉笔笔迹擦掉。

It was just a week to the day since Mr. Martin had decided to rub out Mrs. Ulgine Barrows.


Avogadro's number

*语源：以意大利化学家阿伏伽德罗的名字命名。
*含义：阿伏伽德罗常量


segue

借自意大利語 segue (“他/她/它跟随”) ，源自seguire (“跟随”)，源自拉丁語 sequor，原是乐谱中用来指示下一个动作或段落需要无缝衔接的词汇。与西班牙語 seguir同源。sue 的同源對似詞。与suit有关

transition

（流畅无缝地）转移到，衔接到（下一个状态）

（流畅无缝地）转移到，衔接到（下一个状态）

I can tell she’s going to segue from our conversation about school to the topic of marriage.

我察觉到她想快速地从我们关于学校的对话转移到婚姻话题上。

（流畅地从一个风格）转移到，切换到（另一个风格）

Beethoven’s symphonies effortlessly segue from one theme to the next.

贝多芬的交响乐轻松地从一个风格转移到了下一个。


semi

前缀semi-（来自拉丁语）用作名词。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-semi.wav

The twink got a semi just from that look.

2010, Mickey Erlach, Video Boys (page 158)


semiconductive

more semiconductive (comparative)
most semiconductive (superlative)


serendipity

源自Serendip (“锡兰，斯里兰卡”, Serendib的变体) + -ity。由英国的作家及政治家Horace Walpole在1754造出，基于波斯故事锡兰三王子。据Walpole在给朋友写的信，故事中的王子“总是因偶然和卓识发现新的东西，而这些东西并不是他们一开始所探求的。”

Murphy's law

机缘巧合 （一系列偶然最终带来好的结果）

perfect storm

机缘巧合 （一系列偶然最终带来好的结果）

机缘巧合 （一系列偶然最终带来好的结果）

The most random serendipity brought the two of us together, and now, we are happily married! If I was just 15 seconds slower, I'd have never met her!

1754, Horace Walpole, The Letters of Horace Walpole, vol. 2, Letter 90, To Sir Horace Mann, Arlington Street, Jan. 28, 1754. The Project Gutenberg Etext of The Letters of Horace Walpole, Volume 2

After I got here, in the first lockdown, my mum suddenly passed. It was the week of my final interview with the Mayor. It is serendipity that I am here when my dad really needs me.

2020年December2日, Andy Byford talks to Paul Clifton, “I enjoy really big challenges...”, 出自 Rail，第 54 頁:

Serendipity is when you find things you weren't looking for because finding what you are looking for is so damn difficult.


serviceable

源自中古英語 servisable，源自古法語 servisable，源自servise，就词形分析为service + -able。

more serviceable (comparative)
most serviceable (superlative)

可维修的 （与一次性的相对）

Maguire was always extravagantly priced at £80m but a player who is a solid and serviceable Premier League defender and has become one of England manager Gareth Southgate's most trusted squad members now looks hopelessly out of form.

2020年October14日, Phil McNulty, “England 0-1 Denmark: 'Harry Maguire looked devoid of confidence in Nations League loss'”, 出自 BBC Sport:


sheepdip

用于清洗羊毛的洗剂，洗羊消毒藥水。


shelves

shelve的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


sideways

And he was just taking byways and sideways, travelling in the peripheries of civilization, yeah?

2002, Joseph Brodsky, Cynthia L. Haven, Joseph Brodsky: Conversations，第 169 頁:

In time our way merged into a throng of cars flowing here and there on the highways and sideways of the north side of Los Angeles.

2006, David Haskell, Roundabout the USA，第 103 頁:

Expansion of economic activities resulted in the construction of a so—called fishbone pattern of roads and sideways.

2013, Pitou van Dijck, The Impact of the IIRSA Road Infrastructure Programme on Amazonia，第 81 頁:


sideways

more sideways (comparative)
most sideways (superlative)

Giving Mary a sideways glance, he said,[…]

他从侧面瞥了一眼Mary，说道： […]

He gave the ball a sideways kick.

There was a stack of papers in front of each seat at the table, but each stack was sideways.

桌旁每个座位前都有一摞纸，但每摞纸都是侧放着的。

Once we get out of this sideways economy, our figures will more accurately reflect what we're truly capable of.

He was constantly getting sideways with his boss till he got fired.

他在被开除前经常和老板起矛盾。


sideways

He builds houses sideways, with the front door on the side.

他把房子侧着建了。房子的前门在侧面。

A bishop moves only diagonally; a rook, only sideways, forward, and back.

象只能斜着走；车只能侧着，朝前或者朝后走。

He looked sideways at the new arrival, wondering who she was.

他侧脸看向新来的人，好奇她是谁。

The economy has been moving sideways for several months now.

经济好几个月了都不好不坏。

We realized the project could go sideways very quickly if we didn't get the sales and marketing people on our side.

我们意识到，如果不拉拢好市场营销那边的人，项目很快就会泡汤。

As we walked deeper into the darkness, we both knew this could go sideways in a heartbeat. We were sitting ducks. Birds on a wire. Canaries in a coalmine.

2011, D. P. Lyle, 章號 78, 出自 Hot Lights, Cold Steel, →ISBN，第 340 頁:

It feels like the probability of something going sideways here is higher.

2023年May20日, Tabby Kinder, George Hammond, 引 Ivan Matkovic, “So long, San Francisco”, 出自 FT Weekend, Life & Arts，第 1 頁:


Sirius

源自拉丁語 Sīrius，源自古希臘語 Σείριος (Seírios)，一般认为源自σείριος (seírios)。

天狼星 （大犬座的一个双星系统）

天狼星 （上述双星系统的最亮的、唯一肉眼可见的恒星）


snarf

He snarfed a whole bag of chips in a couple of minutes!

他几分钟时间就把一整袋薯片吃光了！

Freed from the usual inhibitions, we get home and I snarf down pasta salad right out of the Tupperware container […]

1999: Marya Hornbacker, Wasted: A Memoir of Anorexia and Bulimia, page 239

"I'm not going to sit there while you two watch me snarf a whole pie by myself."

2000: Nancy Woodruff, Someone Else's Child, page 40

The old 40-horse models used to snarf up more fuel than today's 90-horse models.

2003: Allen D. Berrien, Powerboat Care and Repair: How to Keep Your Outboard, Sterndrive, Or Gas-Inboard Boat Alive and Well, page 41

以不当手段拿走，擅自拿走 （但不指盗窃）

Either write-through or write-back policy caches may snarf the data that the bus master is writing to memory.

1995: Tom Shanley, Don Anderson, ISA System Architecture, page 296

...in addition, the embedding enables the designer to snarf features from the underlying language […]

1996: Harold Abelson, Gerald Jay Sussman, Julie Sussman, Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs, page 399

Other future applications of the semantic snarfing idea might include classrooms, where students might snarf interesting pieces of content from the instructor's presentation; […]

2001: Brad A. Myers, Choon Hong Peck, Jeffrey Nicols, Dave Kong, and Robert Miller, Interacting at a Distance Using Semantic Snarfing, in Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Ubiquitous Computing, pages 305-314.

I snarfed the whole database into my program.

我把整个数据库全加载到我的程序里了。


Sony

拉丁語 sonus (“声音”)和英語 sonny (“小男孩”)的组合。

Connie Chung, the pretty Chinese CBS correspondent, occupied the room next to mine at the Hyatt House and she was always back by midnight, reciting a final sixty-second radio spot into her Sony or absorbing one last press release before getting a good night’s sleep.

1980, Timothy Crouse, The Boys on the Bus, Ballantine Books, ISBN 0345270983, page 16

he mostly makes videos—virtually reinventing the diary form with his Sony 8 scrapbook.

1993, Martha Gever, Pratibha Parmar, and John Greyson, Queer Looks, Perspectives on Lesbian and Gay Film and Video, Routledge, ISBN 041590742X, page 76

My memoirs. At night I leave a Sony by my bed. Night is the best time for remembering.

1995, Victor J. Ramraj, Concert of Voices, An Anthology of World Writing in English, Broadview Press, ISBN 1551110253, page 297

The common threads that exist between the fisherman and his Sony and the project above. Robert Smithson's 'Incidents of mirror travel in the Yucatan' are important.

1999, Peter Cook, Archigram, Princeton Architectural Press, ISBN 1568981945, page 113

Bernstein always understood this symphony, and his Sony recording was for many years one of the best.

2002, Alexander J. Morin, Classical Music, The Listener's Companion, Backbeat Books, ISBN 0879306386, page 98

Gary’s roster currently has Tritt and two new Sony artists soon to be hugely famous, JEB and Christy Sutherland.

2003, Nadine Condon, Hot Hits, Cheap Demos, The Real-World Guide to Music Business Success, Backbeat Books, ISBN 0879307625, page 34

Most of the e-mails were blowback from the departure of our divisional vice president, Crawford, who’d just jumped ship to Sony.

2006, Joseph Finder, Killer Instinct, St. Martin's Press, ISBN 0312347472, page 5


state of the art

more state of the art (comparative)
most state of the art (superlative)


statute

源自中古英語 statut，源自古法語 statut，源自晚期拉丁語 statutum (“法令”)，拉丁語 statutus的中性单数，statuō (“设立，建立”)的过去式。


tabulate

源自table + -ate，对比晚期拉丁語 tabulātus (“有地板的”)，tabulō (“给...安装木板”)的完成时被动分词 + -ātus（最终源自原始印歐語 *-eh₂tos (从名词构成形容词的后缀，表示拥有某物或某种特质)。tabulō派生自tabula (“木板”)，其词源不详。可能源自原始印歐語 *teh₂-（*steh₂- (“站”)的变体） + *-dʰlom（*-trom (构成表示工具的名词的后缀)的变体）。

enroll

将...登记在官方记录内

Let it be required to Tabulate or lay down this Number 3496. Firſt, from among your Sets of Rods (or out of your Caſe) take four of them, of which let one of them have the Figure 3 at the top thereof, and lay it upon your Tabellet cloſe to the Edge thereof, […]

1700, William Leybourn, “Instrumental Arithmetick. The Third Part. Teaching, by a New Artifice (not heretofore Published, to My Knowledge, in any Language.) The Manner how to Set Down any Decimal Fraction Required: [...] by Certain Scales Contrived, Suitable to the Coins, Weights and Measures Now Used in England. And for the Extracting of the Square and Cube Roots. Also, by Nepair’s Bones [...]”, 出自 Arithmetick, Vulgar, Decimal, Instrumental, Algebraical. In Four Parts, 7th版, London: Printed by J. Matthews, for Awnsham and John Churchill, at the Black-Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, →OCLC, section II (By Nepair’s Bones), subsection IV (How to Apply to Lay Down any Numbers by the Rods), proposition I (Any Number being Given, how to Tabulate or Lay Down the Same by Rods)，第 265 頁:

It [the School Department] gives advice and instruction concerning their duties to thirteen thousand school directors and controllers, furnishes them blanks, receives and tabulates their reports, reviews their accounts, judges whether they have kept their schools open according to law, and, if so, pays them the State appropriation for their respecive districts.

1872 January, “[Official Department. Thirty-eighth annual report.] Report of the President of the Agricultural College”, 出自 J. P. Wickersham 編, The Pennsylvania School Journal: An Educational Magazine, 第 XX 卷, 第 7 期, Lancaster, Pa.: Wylie & Griest, Inquirer Printing House and Bindery, →OCLC，第 226 頁:

The inevitable deduction from the figures tabulated must be that the material prosperity of the people as a whole is making good progress.

1903年March25日, G[opal] K[rishna] Gokhale, 引 Edward FitzGerald Law, “Budget Speech, 1903”, 出自 Speeches of the Honourable Mr. G. K. Gokhale, […], Madras: G[anapathi] A[graharam] Natesan & Co., […], 出版於 [1908], →OCLC，第 62 頁:

In addition to the evident needs mentioned above there is also a desire to standardize and tabulate results. The same desire in other fields has given rise to intelligence tests, psychological examinations, etc.

1924 November, William Hulbert Barrow, “A General Athletic Ability Test”, 出自 James Huff McCurdy 編, American Physical Education Review, 第 XXIX 卷, 第 9 (number 201 overall) 期, [Springfield, Mass.]: [American Physical Education Association], →OCLC，第 506 頁，第 1 列:

[Herman] Hollerith, a statistician for the United States government, was faced with the task of tabulating the figures of the 1890 census at a time when such tabulating would take more than ten years if done by hand. […] Faced with this prospect, Hollerith conceived the idea of representing the census data as holes on punched cards and of building machines that would sort these cards according to the holes they contained and that would tabulate and otherwise analyze the data.

1974, Allan B. Ellis, “Common Conceptions about Computers”, 出自 The Use & Misuse of Computers in Education, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Book Company, →ISBN, part I (What is a Computer?)，第 15 頁:

Mr. [Edward Drinker] Cope has examined a collection from the territory of Arizona and in the Colorado district; it contained 44 species. […] He tabulates them according to their range into the neighbouring provinces, and points out that, herpetologically, the Sonoran and Lower Californian provinces are nearly as distinct from each other as the Sonoran is from the Central, […]

1867, Albert Günther, “Reptilia”, 出自 Albert C[harles] L[ewis] G[otthilf] Günther 編, The Record of Zoological Literature. 1866, 第 III 卷, London: John Van Voorst、Paternoster Row, →OCLC，第 121–122 頁s:

[John] Whethemstede's literary productions show his preference for encyclopedias in which he could tabulate under special headings the limits of his wide reading.

1941, R[oberto] Weiss, 章號 II, 出自 Humanism in England during the Fifteenth Century, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, →OCLC，第 35 頁:

You have to be an artist and a madman, […] in order to discern at once, by ineffable signs—the slightly feline outline of a cheekbone, the slenderness of a downy limb, and other indices which despair and shame and tears of tenderness forbid me to tabulate—the little deadly demon among the wholesome children; she stands unrecognized by them and unconscious herself of her fantastic power.

1955, Vladimir Nabokov, 章號 5, 出自 Lolita, Paris: Olympia Press, →OCLC; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Crest Giant, Fawcett World Library, 1959年December10日, →OCLC，第 19 頁:

将...登记在官方记录内

The order of Tabulating Summonds is now much alter'd, for no Summonds are Tabulated except Actions of Declarators, Improbations, Contraventions, and other Actions at the King's Advocats inſtance, […]

1687, George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, “King James the Fifth, Parl. 5. [Act 52.]”, 出自 Observations on the Acts of Parliament, [...], Edinburgh: Printed by the heir of Andrew Anderson, printer to His Most Sacred Majesty, and are to be sold by Thomas Brown, and other book-sellers, →OCLC，第 134 頁:


tabulate

℞. the three kindes of ſaunders, and Diarrhodon Abbatis, ana. ℈. j. the bone of the Hartes heart one in number, ſugar roſate tabulate, or white ſugar diſſolued in roſe water as much as ſufficeth, make an Electuarie, gild it with leaues of pure golde in weight ℥. ß.

1596, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], “Of Electuaries, and Conserues: of Lozenges, and Manus Christi”, 出自 The Method of Phisick, Containing the Cavses, Signes, and Cvres of Inward Diseases in Mans Body, from the Head to the Foote. Whereunto is Added, The Forme and Rule of Making Remedies and Medicines, which Our Physitions Commonly Vse at this Day, with the Proportion, Quantitie, and Names of Each Medicine, 3rd corrected and augmented版, book VII, Imprinted at London: By Richard Field, and are to be sold in Paules Church yard at the signe of the brasen Serpent, →OCLC，第 404–405 頁s:

A Bad ſtomacke is otherwhiles no ſmall cauſe of this ſwouning, for it procureth before the ſwouning come a heate ouer the whole bodie. As ſoone as this ſhall be perceiued, it is not amiſſe to vſe for it confected Balſam wood, but in the ſtead thereof take Tabulates of Xyloaloe, which are very requiſite for it.

1605, Christopher Wirtzung [i.e. Christof Wirsung], “Of the Hart, the Most Precious Part of Mans Body”, 出自 Jacob Mosan（譯者）, The General Practise of Physicke: Conteyning All Inward and Outward Parts of the Body, with All the Accidents and Infirmities that are Incident vnto Them, euen from the Crowne of the Head to the Sole of the Foote: [...] in the Germane Tongue, and now Translated into English, in Diuerse Places Corrected, and with Many Additions Illustrated and Augmented, [...], London: [Printed by Richard Field] Impensis [at the expense of] Georg[e] Bishop, →OCLC, § 1 (Of the Fainting of the Hart in Generall. [The Order of Life or Diet for This Faintnes of the Hart.])，第 259 頁:

For all faintness, hot agues, heavy fantasies and imaginations, a cordial was prepared in tabulates, which was called Manus Christi: the true receipt required one ounce of prepared pearls to twelve of fine sugar, boiled with rose water, violet water, cinnamon water, "or howsoever one would have them."

1834, [Robert Southey], “Quack and No Quack, being an Account of Dr. Green and His Man Kemp. Popular Medicine, Herbary, Theory of Signatures, William Dove, John Wesley, and Baxter.”, 出自 The Doctor, &c., 第 I 卷, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman, →OCLC，第 236 頁:


tabulate

Tabulata (“横板珊瑚亚纲”) + -ate。Tabulata派生自拉丁語 tabulāta，源自tabulātum (“铺设地面的”)，源自tabula (“木板”) + -tum（源自-tus，最终源自原始印歐語 *-tus (从动词词根构成动作名词的后缀)）。详见词源1。这一目名源自珊瑚的形状tabulae (“平板”)。

横板珊瑚亚纲的；有横隔板的 （指细胞内发达的水平分隔板）

[W]e find the Zoantharia, in section (1), divided into tabulate and non-tabulate corals. The specimen before us is evidently tabulate, and we therefore follow the reference to section (2), where we find the tabulate corals divided into those with and those without cœnenchyma.

1865, Samuel Haughton, “Lecture VIII”, 出自 Manual of Geology (Galbraith and Haughton’s Scientific Manuals, Experimental and Natural Science Series), London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green, →OCLC，第 192 頁:

On the Zoological Affinities of the Tabulate Corals; by Prof. A. E. Verrill。—The questions discussed in this paper were the position of the tabulate corals among Polyps, and the true value of the tabulate structure in classification. […] Prof. [Addison Emery] Verrill, therefore, concludes that the tabulate structure is of secondary importance as a character, in fixing their affinities, and that the Tabulata must be dismembered,—Halisites, Millepora, and their allies, being classed as Hydroids; and Pocillopora and Favosites with other extinct tabulated genera, as true Polyps.

1868 January, “American Association for the Advancement of Science”, 出自 David A. P. Watt 編, The Canadian Naturalist and Geologist: A Bi-monthly Journal of Natural Science, Conducted by a Committee of the Natural History Society of Montreal (Second Series), 第 III 卷, 第 4 期, Montreal, Que.: Dawson Brothers, Great St. James Street, →OCLC，第 294–295 頁s:

The large corallites are tabulate, with indistinctly differentiated walls, provided with obtusely triangular and irregular septa, and having their visceral cavities more or less freely connected with one another by lateral horizontal channels, which penetrate the interstitial tubular tissue.

1879, H[enry] Alleyne Nicholson, “Thecidæ and Helioporidæ”, 出自 On the Structure and Affinities of the “Tabulate Corals” of the Palæozoic Period: With Critical Descriptions of Illustrative Species, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC，第 236 頁:


tabulate

Both tabulates and rugosans evolved independently as part of the Ordovician Radiation; the tabulates appeared first in the Early Ordovician (~488 Mya), followed by rugosans about 20 My later.

2013, Walter M. Goldberg, “A Brief History of Reefs and Corals”, 出自 The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms, Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, section 13-2 (An Introduction to Paleozoic Corals)，第 272 頁，第 2 列:


tantamount

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 tant amount，源自amunter，源自tant (“如此”) amonter (“总计”)。

more tantamount (comparative)
most tantamount (superlative)

等同的，基本上是...的

It's tantamount to fraud.

In this view, disagreement and treason are tantamount.

这个观点下，不同意就相当于叛变。

[…] expecting the woman to take her attacker into physical custody is tantamount to preventing the arrest. If she could handle him, she probably would not need to call the police in the first place.

1981, Del Martin, Battered Wives，第 90 頁:

In Bosnia, as in Rwanda, however, passive neutrality was tantamount to complicity with the perpetrators of “ethnic cleansing” and mass murder.

2003年March3日, Philip Gourevitch, “The Optimist”, 出自 The New Yorker:

Russia has said that it considers the weapons and other increased military aid that Western governments are sending to Ukraine tantamount to war, and has implied that it might strike NATO convoys.

2022年March16日, Max Fisher, “As Russia Digs In, What’s the Risk of Nuclear War? ‘It’s Not Zero.’”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


tantamount

[…] and yet this will not tant’amount to an immediate Divine inſtitution for Deacons, and how can it then for Presbyters ?

a. 1657, Jeremy Taylor, “Of the Sacred Order and Offices of Episcopacy, By Divine Institution, Apostolical Tradition, and Catholick Practice”, 出自 Συμβολον Ἠθικο-Πολεμικον: or a Collection of Polemical and Moral Discourses, R. Royston，第 126 頁:


tantamount

价值或数量等同的事物 (定于用法合并进入了形容词内)

For end thereof, not despondency but madness : for when Cossey understood that Hobday had called his wife a tantamount, he waited for him outside, and gave him what he called a pair of clippers over the ear.

1977, Last Essays of Maurice Hewlett，第 42 頁:


Tivoli

蒂沃利，意大利拉齐奥古城。


transitive

* 来自拉丁语trānsitīvus，源自trānsitus，由trāns (“穿过”)和itus（源自eō，走）构成。


Universal Serial Bus

通用串列匯流排；通用串行总线


Xerox

xerox的大小寫替代形式


Xerox

xerox的大小寫替代形式


yes-no question

To make it clear for the jury, I will ask you a simple yes-no question. Did you enter the house on the night of the 15th?

为了让陪审团清楚，我会问你一个简单的是非问题。你15号晚上有进屋吗？


yocto-

10的−24次方（10⁻²⁴）


yotta-

10的24次方（10²⁴）


absorbing

/əbˈzɔː.bɪŋ/

/əbˈsɔː.bɪŋ/

/æbˈzɔɹ.bɪŋ/

/æbˈsɔɹ.bɪŋ/

/əbˈzɔɹ.bɪŋ/

/əbˈsɔɹ.bɪŋ/


gnome of Zürich

1956年由当时的影子内阁，前英国工党党魁哈罗德·威尔逊（Harold Wilson）创造，他用此词指责瑞士银行家在外汇市场投机，压低英镑汇率。
下面是威尔逊在英下院演讲的相关节选：
全世界的商人和金融家都已听到了这位大臣说的话了。他说，如果我们不能阻止加薪要求，这个国家要面对灾难。无论对错，这些人都相信大臣的话。在今年9月5日，职工大会上，人们无记名投票否决了停止增长工作的决议，这是一个时代的终结，所有的金融家，所有的苏黎世地精和其它金融中心，都已开始抛售英国货币。

苏黎世的大银行家，是一个贬损瑞士银行家的词组，因為瑞士银行家一般都会与极为秘密的政策联系起来。


aerospace

地球的大氣層與其附近的太空

與航空機、飛彈、衛星、太空載具相關的產業


aerospace

more aerospace (comparative)
most aerospace (superlative)


über

:源自德語 über。亦写作 uber。

超级的，特别（好、高）的，高级的，一等的


über

:源自德語 über。亦写作 uber。


spiel

借自德語 Spiel (“游戏”)和/或意第緒語 שפּיל (shpil)，两者均源自中古高地德語 spil，源自古高地德語 spil，源自原始西日耳曼語 *spil。与古英語 spilian (“玩”)同源。见speel。

（常指用于说服别人的）长篇大论

I'd love to be there with a real pretty spiel / But three little words can explain how I feel

1910, Irving Berlin （作曲作詞）, “Dear Mayme, I Love You”:

The spiel ran on; the sale was brief and brisk; / The bargains fell to bidders, one by one. / Hope flushed my cheekbones with a scarlet disk.

1939 May, Theodore Roethke, “The Auction”, 出自 Poetry Magazine:


spiel

For a second our eyes met and he gave me a contemptuous smile, then he spieled again.

1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Penguin Books (2014)，第 433 頁:


spiel

源自低地蘇格蘭語 spiel (“游戏；冰壶比赛”)，源自中古荷蘭語 或中古低地德語 spel。

The portion of ice set apart for a curling spiel was called the lead, rank, or rink (by which last name it is still described), and as it was then shorter than it is now — its ordinary length being 30 yards

1890, John Kerr, History of curling ... and fifty years of the Royal Caledonian curling club:

On the Dock and Greensands the classical discus, or quoit, has in season due its modicum of disciples, (b) When the Nith is frozen over its surface becomes the scene of many a curling spiel

1972, William M'Dowall, A. E. Truckell, History of the burgh of Dumfries:

A few organizational difficulties marred this spiel and the next, but thereafter most of the wrinkles were ironed out.

1989, Morris Kenneth Mott, John Allardyce, Curling Capital, Univ. of Manitoba Press, →ISBN，第 13 頁:


what's up

［口，非正式］（问候语）嘿、嗨、你好


how are you

［口，非正式／半正式］你好吗，您好吗


stark

源自中古英語 stark、starc，源自古英語 stearc、starc (“僵硬的；不屈的，固执的；强大的；猛烈的，凶猛的”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *stark，源自原始日耳曼語 *starkuz (“强大的”)，源自原始印歐語 *(s)terg- (“僵硬”)。
同源词包括薩特弗里斯蘭語 sterc (“强的”)、荷蘭語 sterk (“强的”)、低地德語 sterk (“强的”)、德語 stark (“强的”)、丹麥語 stærk (“强的”)、瑞典語 stark (“强的”)、挪威語 sterk (“强的”)、冰島語 sterkur (“强的”)。与starch有关。
短语stark naked实际上变换自中古英語 stert naked，源自stert (“尾巴”)，字面上等价于butt naked。

starker (comparative)
starkest (superlative)

猛烈的，凶猛的 （现在主要用于描述天气）

Of all the transitions brought about on the Earth’s surface by temperature change, the melting of ice into water is the starkest. It is binary. And for the land beneath, the air above and the life around, it changes everything.

2013年May11日, “The climate of Tibet: Pole-land”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8835 期，第 80 頁:

His heauie head, deuoide of carefull carke, / Whose sences all were straight benumbd and starke.

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book I, Canto I”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 44:

平凡的，枯燥的，简陋的，荒芜的

I picked my way forlornly through the stark, sharp rocks.

我艰难地跋涉过荒凉陡峭的岩石。

I screamed in stark terror.

A flower was growing, in stark contrast, out of the sidewalk.

Rhetoric is very good or stark naught; there's no medium in rhetoric.

1689 (first published posthumously), John Selden, Table-Talk


stark

He's gone stark, staring mad.

She was just standing there, stark naked.

“… That woman is stark mad, Lord Stranleigh. Her own father recognised it when he bereft her of all power in the great business he founded. …”

1913, Robert Barr, 章號 4, 出自 Lord Stranleigh Abroad:


stark

源自中古英語 starken，源自古英語 stearcian (“变硬，变僵硬”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *starkōną、*starkēną (“变硬，变僵硬”)，源自原始印歐語 *(s)terg- (“僵硬”)。与德語 erstarken (“固化，补强”)同源。


DDR

DDR RAM, DDR memory, DDR SDRAM、DDR2 SDRAM、DDR3 SDRAM

double data rate (“双倍数据速率”)之首字母縮略詞。

DDR内存，DDR记忆体


DDR

德意志民主共和国 (源自德語 DDR，略自Deutsche Demokratische Republik)


Dr.

［书面语］Doctor 医生、博士

［街道名］drive 路、大道


stets

stet的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


gern

[He] gaped like a gulfe, when he did gerne, / That whether man or monster one could scarse discerne

1596, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book V, Canto XII”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13:


Bundestag

/ˈbʊndəsˌtɑːɡ/


Thomas

托马斯，男子名。昵称：Tom


manche

借自法語 manche。maunch 的同源對似詞。

maunch的棄用形式：袖子


ab-

來自拉丁語介詞ab-。某些極其特殊的情況下是英語自身on和by的組合。少量源於德語。

aft（在船尾） -> abaft（在船尾）


be-

在…上；在…周围；与…接触。

用于名词或形容词的动词化。

（常含 -ed 词尾）被…装饰。


hast

［旧，文］（have的第二人称单数简单现在时形）有。　现在用词：have。


Nürnberg

Nuremberg的另一種寫法：纽伦堡（城市名，位於德国巴伐利亚）。


trinket

古英語 trenket (“一种刀”)，因此可能指的是一种作装饰的刀，可能源自trenchier (“切”)的一个古法語方言形式。对比trench。

（三角帆船之类上挂的）三角帆

That little trinket around her neck must have cost a bundle.

她脖子上的那个链子肯定花了她好多钱。

（不值钱的）玩意，小玩具

It's only a little trinket, but it reminds her of him.

这就是一件小玩具，但是能让我想起她。

There is no art about the Eiffel Tower. In no way can it be said to have contributed to the real beauty of the Exhibition. Men flocked to see it and ascended it as it was a novelty and of unique dimensions. It was the toy of the Exhibition. So long as we are children we are attracted by toys, and the Tower was a good demonstration of the fact that we are all children attracted by trinkets. That may be claimed to be the purpose served by the Eiffel Tower.

1927-29, M.K. Gandhi, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, translated 1940 by Mahadev Desai, Part I, Chapter xxiii:


trinket

On June 26 the party of sun and wind - weathered visitors from the heart of the Texas plains , dressed in their blankets and buckskins , befeathered and trinketed , arrived at the capital city's Globe Hotel and took up residence there

1991, Stan Hoig, Jesse Chisholm, Ambassador of the Plains:


Spur

（托特纳姆热刺足球俱乐部的）粉丝，球员，教练等


Ernst

借自德語 Ernst，德语的中世纪王室用名，源自古高地德語 ernust (“精力，打斗”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *ernustuz。earnest 的同源對似詞。


Hong Kong

香港，位於中國東南部的一個特別行政區。


Keller

* 作为德語姓氏，源自Keller (“仓库”).
* 作为英语姓氏，源自queller (“刽子手，杀手”)。
* 作为蘇格蘭蓋爾語姓氏，其为Keillor的另一种拼写，源自gu leòr (“大量的，足够的”)（可与galore比较）。


wert

［古］be 第二人称单数简单过去时虚拟式形（thou wert）


John

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-John.wav

约翰，男子名
參見：Sean 和 Joan


booty call

打完求做爱电话后的性行为


Barbara

/ˈbɑɹb(ə)ɹə/

/ˈbɑːb(ə)ɹə/

芭芭拉，女子名
參見：Barbie


Mutti

(姓氏)：有几个词源：
* 借自意大利語 Mutti，可能是姓氏Muti的变体。
* 借自旁遮普語 ਮੁੱਤੀ (muttī)，是Kamboh地区一个常见姓氏。
* 借自本巴語 Mutti, Muti，源自人名，来自本巴人。

姓氏 源自意大利语的欧洲人姓氏

姓氏 源自旁遮普语的南亚人姓氏

姓氏 源自別姆巴語的南美人姓氏


Blase

Blaise的较罕用变体，源自拉丁語 Blasius。


Bude

布德（英国康沃尔郡的一个城市）


Busch

德語姓氏，源自Busch (“树丛”)。


Dom

（天主教）冠于某些僧侣姓名之前的尊称

（男子名 Dominic 的亲称）


admonition

源自中古英語 amonicioun，源自古法語 amonicion，源自拉丁語 admonitio，admonere的词干。17世纪时-d-在英语中被恢复。

/ˌædməˈnɪʃən/

But modesty cannot be implanted by admonition only—the elders must set the example.

1892, Plato, 譯者 Benjamin Jowett, Laws (Plato):


adulation

/ˌædʒʊˈleɪʃən/

/ˌædjʊˈleɪʃən/

/ˌæd͡ʒəˈleɪʃən/

He was uncomfortable with the adulation from his fans.

他受不了粉丝的过分追捧。

Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年）, Winston Churchill, 章號 3, 出自 The Celebrity: An Episode, 紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:


ambivalence

源自德語 Ambivalenz (“同时存在的矛盾情感”)，源自拉丁語 ambo (“两者均”)和valentia (“强力”)，源自动词valere (“强，强大”)（参见valiant）。德语词由瑞士精神病学家尤金·布鲁勒在1910年造出，到了1929年，其义项在书面和一般语境中得到了拓展。

（对某事物、人等的）矛盾的感情，矛盾情绪

"I dearly loved my master, son," she said.
"You should have hated him," I said.
"He gave me several sons," she said, "and because I loved my sons I learned to love their father though I hated him too."
"I too have become acquainted with ambivalence, I said.

1952, Ralph Ellison, Invisible Man, Prologue:


apartheid

:< 南非語 apartheid（1929年首次作为南非政治语汇出现），字面意思为“分离”、“分开”，构自荷蘭語 apart （“分离”） + -heid（名物化后缀，与英语 -hood 同源）。

南非在1948-1990年间采取的种族隔离政策。

任何性质相同的种族隔离政策。


apéritif

/ɑːˌpɛɹɪˈtiːf/

/əˌpɛɹɪˈtiːf/

A waiter brought his aperitif, which was a small scotch and soda, and as he sipped it gratefully he sighed.
 ‘Civilized,’ he said to Mr. Campion. ‘Humanizing.’ […] ‘Cigars and summer days and women in big hats with swansdown face-powder, that's what it reminds me of.’

1963, Margery Allingham, 章號 5, 出自 The China Governess:


aquarelle

aquarelle
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：水彩画
* 正體中文：水彩畫


aquarium

借自拉丁語 aquārius (“與水有关的”) 的中性形式 aquārium；源自 aqua + -arium；是 ewer 的同源對似詞；另見 Aquarius。


armistice

源自晚期拉丁語 armistitium，源自拉丁語 arma (“武器”) + sistēre（源自sistō (“停止；不动”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *steh₂- (“站起”)） + -ium (构成抽象名词的后缀)。同源词包括法語 armistice、意大利語 armistizio、葡萄牙語 armistício、西班牙語 armisticio。

停火，休战 （自17世纪）

135. An armistice is the cessation of active hostilities for a period agreed upon between belligerents. It must be agreed upon in writing, and duly ratified by the highest authorities of the contending parties.
 136. If an armistice be declared, without conditions, it extends no further than to require a total cessation of hostilities, along the front of both belligerents.

1863年April24日, Francis Lieber, “Instructions for the Government of Armies of the United States in the Field [General Order No. 100]”, 出自 General Orders Affecting the Volunteer Force (Adjutant General’s Office; 1863), Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 出版於 1864, →OCLC, section VIII (Armistice—Capitulation)，第 83 頁:

It has also become routine to interrupt wars in more lasting fashion by imposing armistices. Again, unless directly followed by successful peace negotiations, armistices perpetuate the state of war indefinitely because they shield the weaker side from the consequences of refusing the concessions needed for peace. […] Armistices in themselves are not way stations to peace but rather frozen wars.

2002, Edward N[icolae] Luttwak, “The Coming Together of Opposites”, 出自 Strategy: The Logic of War and Peace, revised and enlarged版, Cambridge, Mass., London: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 出版於 2003 (2nd printing), →ISBN, part I (The Logic of Strategy)，第 59–60 頁s:

The Fifth Volume of this Collection makes its appearance at the moſt eventful period of the war—it includes, therefore, matter of the higheſt importance, and contains all the official documents reſpecting the late Negotiation—the war between this country and Spain, the progreſs of the French arms in Italy and Germany—the armiſtices and treaties concluded with the German and Italian powers— […]

1797, John Debrett, compiler, “Preface”, 出自 A Collection of State Papers, Relative to the War against France now Carrying on by Great Britain and the Several Other European Powers; […], 第 V 卷, London: Printed for J[ohn] Debrett, […], →OCLC:

The government of Great-Britain lost no time after the war was known, in making to our cabinet proposals for an armistice. Those proposals were like all propositions between equal states, perfectly reciprocal. They require of us to suspend hostilities only, in consideration of suspending hostilities on their part. They are silent as to impressments—and would any person inquire why? It may be answered, that impressments had never been presented to Great-Britain as in themselves the cause of war— […]

1813, [John Lowell Jr.], “No. IV. The Several Proposals for an Armistice Considered.”, 出自 Perpetual War, the Policy of Mr. Madison. […], Boston, Mass.: Printed by C[hester] Stebbins, →OCLC，第 17 頁:

Twice during the last quarter of a century the same railway vehicle has provided the scene of the signature of an armistice between Germany and France, and this famous vehicle is at present in Berlin, where it was placed on public exhibition in the Lustgarten on March 23.

1941 July, “The Armistice Coach”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 316 頁:

The day armistice was signed [chapter title] […] At five o'clock on the morning of 11 November 1918, a group of high-ranking German politicians and military officers entered a railway carriage in the Forest of Compiègne. They were met by delegates from the countries with which they had been at war. Three days earlier the French, British and Americans had prepared an armistice document which they demanded the Germans accept within three days. Inside the carriage the Germans signed the surrender document put before them. The document signalled that the war would stop in six hours' time, at the eleventh hour of the eleventh day of the eleventh month of 1918.

2003, John Malam, “The Day Armistice was Signed”, 出自 Mary-Jane Wilkins 編, 11 November 1918: The World War I Armistice (Dates with History), London: CherrytreeBooks, Evans Brothers, →ISBN，第 12–13 頁s:


armistice

Armistice (“1918年，协约国与德国签订的停战协定；(引申义) 第一次世界大战的结束”)的大小寫替代形式

The armistice of November 1918 could represent many things: the end of the war, the victory. But for the Carnard [the newspaper Le Canard enchaîné], first and foremost, it represented dissention among the French. […] After the armistice and the emergence of the first difficulties of the peace, many more both on the right and in the center argued that the armistice should have been signed in Berlin—in a word, the armistice of November 11 was premature.

2002, Allen Douglas, “Web of Memory”, 出自 War, Memory, and the Politics of Humor: The Canard Enchaîné and World War I, Berkeley, Los Angeles, Calif., London: University of California Press, →ISBN，第 151 頁:

Later he [British Prime Minister David Lloyd George] meets with the House of Commons and, after an opening prayer is said, reviews the armistice terms, then moves for adjournment.

2018, Richard J. Connors, The Road to the Armistice 1918, Pittsburgh, Pa.: Dorrance Publishing Co., →ISBN，第 66–67 頁s:


arsenal

arsenal
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：武库
* 正體中文：武庫


arsenal

arsenal
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：军火库
* 正體中文：軍火庫


artifice

The notion that consequence can be as easily managed as PR is the ultimate artifice and the ultimate delusion.

2021年November21日, Charles Hugh Smith, When Everything Is Artifice and PR, Collapse Beckons:

The heightened worlds of darkly comedic satire and soapy high-school romance make it easy enough to roll with unrealistic casting choices—and that goes for stage musicals, too, where some level of artifice is built into the format.

2021年September22日, Caroline Siede, “Dear Evan Hansen is a misfire on just about every level”, 出自 AV Club:


artifice

The Creator has so cunningly endowed our bodies that there is no labor to be done, no skill in artificing or fashioning the metals, that is beyond our reach.

1867, Egbert Pomroy Watson, The Modern Practice of American Machinists and Engineers […] :

Some of the greatest artists of their day either furnished designs or with their own hands artificed ornaments for domestic use,

Splints and slings, already described, are easily artificed out of small saplings or from stiff bark.

1922, Appalachian Mountain Club, The A.M.C. White Mountain Guide: A Guide to Trails in the Mountains:


assassin

源自法語 assassin或意大利語 assassino，源自阿拉伯語 أَسَاسِيِّين (ʔasāsiyyīn, “忠诚于（宗教）组织者”)和（据民间词源说法）阿拉伯語 حَشَّاشِين (ḥaššāšīn, “哈希什吸食者；贱民”)。


aster

:出自拉丁语 aster，出自古希腊语 ἀστήρ (astḗr, "星星")。

(植物学) 紫菀，翠菊。


atelier

借自法語 atelier，源自中古法語 astelier，源自astelle (“一小块木头；固定断骨”)（最终源自原始印歐語 *h₂eḱs- (“轴”)） + -ier (表示住所位置的后缀)。

工坊，工作室，画室，作坊

The Dukes de Claulne, father and ſon, had laboratories for clock and vvatch making as vvell as for machinery. Theſe ateliers, as the French name them, vvere as fine and complete for the choice of tools as it vvas poſſible to find in Europe; […]

1792年November4日, W. Blakey, “[Mr. Blakey on Pendulums]”, 出自 Sylvanus Urban [pseudonym] 編, The Gentleman’s Magazine: And Historical Chronicle, 第 LXII, part II 卷, 第 5 期, London: […] John Nichols, […]; [a]nd sold by Eliz[abeth] Newbery, […], 出版於 November 1792, →OCLC，第 1005 頁，第 1 列:

I paid a visit to the celebrated [Antonio] Canova in his vast and interesting atelier. He had been at Naples a short time before to form his own judgment of the situation intended for the equestrian statue of Napoleon, which we saw already almost finished in his atelier.

1839, Mathieu Dumas [i.e., Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas], 章號 VI, 出自 [anonymous]（譯者）, Memoirs of His Own Time; including the Revolution, the Empire, and the Restoration. […], 第 II 卷, London: Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC，第 272 頁:

At the meeting of the Society, February 6, it was stated that red glass was preferable to yellow for the windows of photographic ateliers.

1874年May8日, “Chemical News from Foreign Sources”, 出自 William Crookes 編, The Chemical News and Journal of Physical Science. […], 第 XXIX 卷, 第 754 期, London: Henry Gillman, […], →OCLC，第 207 頁，第 1 列:

Hats with transparent tulle and crêpe brims and hemp or leghorn crowns are succeeding the small martial styles of which this atelier made quite a feature earlier in the season.

1915 March, “Present Fad for Toques and Helmets Succeeded by Vogue for Second Empire Styles”, 出自 The Illustrated Milliner, manufacturers’版, 第 XVI 卷, 第 3 期, New York, N.Y.: The Illustrated Milliner Company, →OCLC，第 15 頁，第 1 列:

Education opportunities improved with the advent of the Second Empire in 1850 and more ateliers began to take women students. But the atelier system, in which master painters trained a number of students in their studio, was a male-dominated world to which women's access was still restricted, even though the number of ateliers taking women increased – not just because not all artists would teach women, but because the atelier was itself a gendered social space that was not suitable for women.

1996, Reina Lewis, “Professional Opportunities for Women in Art and Literature”, 出自 Race, Femininity and Representation, London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, 出版於 2003, →ISBN，第 59 頁:

The first thing Diane did when she arrived home was to hurry into the atelier. She removed the half-finished portrait on the easel and replaced it with a blank canvas. She began to sketch the face of the man who had tried to kill her, but her hands were trembling so hard that she had to stop.

2004, Sidney Sheldon, 章號 1, 出自 Are You Afraid of the Dark?, New York, N.Y.: William Morrow, →ISBN，第 11 頁:

During the time Theyskens was presenting his precollection, a rumor began circulating in Paris: Procter & Gamble, the American conglomerate that owns Rochas, had decided to close the fashion branch of the company. Soon enough, the story was confirmed. The beautiful gowns would never be shown or produced; the atelier would be shuttered. […] ["T]he French world of fashion is being destroyed little by little. The French factories and ateliers were once dedicated to the little nuances. That luxurious approach and that refinement disappeared in the 80's and 90's, and I fear it may be disappearing again."

2006年August6日, Lynn Hirschberg, 引 Olivier Theyskens, “Is there a place for Olivier Theyskens?”, 出自 The New York Times Magazine, New York, N.Y.: The New York Times Company, →ISSN, →OCLC，2017-02-02歸檔自原頁面:


averse

源自拉丁語 aversus，avertere (“背过身；避免”)的过去分词。

more averse (comparative)
most averse (superlative)

be averse to something / to do something

This is why the most eminent intellects have always been strongly averse to any kind of disturbance, interruption and distraction, and above everything to that violent interruption which is caused by noise; other people do not take any particular notice of this sort of thing.

2004, Arthur Schopenhauer, 章號 2, 出自 Essays of Schopenhauer:

“I assure you, cousin,” replied the old gentleman, “that the Baron, notwithstanding his unpleasant manner, is really one of the most excellent and kind-hearted men in the world. As I have already told you, he did not assume these manners until the time he became lord of the entail; previous to then he was a modest, gentle youth. Besides, he is not, after all, so bad as you make him out to be; and further, I should like to know why you are so averse to him.” As my uncle said these words he smiled mockingly, and the blood rushed hotly and furiously into my face.


averse

源自拉丁語 aversus，avertere (“背过身；避免”)的过去分词。

[…] and, in this panegyrick of the Teutonick blood, I have so prolixly insisted, not only to vindicate our own, as being a stream of the same, and to evince the nobility thereof, but withal to convince the folly of those wretches among us, who aversing ours do so much adhere unto, and dote upon descents from France and Normandy.

The inconveniences aversing from clandestine marriages are pointedly depicted in the last two lines, teaching lessons of morality to all romantic babies.

1859, The Yale Literary Magazine, 第 24 卷, 第 7 期，第 302 頁:


azote

借自法語 azote，源自古希臘語 ἀ- (a-, “无”) + ζωή (zōḗ, “生命”) + -τικός (-tikós, “形容词后缀”)。由法国化学家和生物学家安托万·拉瓦锡所造，他认为这空气中的这部分气体无法支持生命。

Azote is one of the most abundant elements in nature, and combined with calorique or heat, it forms azotic gas or phlogistic air, and composes two thirds of the atmosphere […].

氮是自然界中最丰富的元素之一，它与热源或热量结合形成氮气或燃素空气，占大气的三分之二 […] 。

1791, Erasmus Darwin, The Economy of Vegetation, J. Johnson，第 73 頁:

The proportion of azote gas to that of the oxigen obtained is as 64 to 36.

所得氮气与氧气的比例为64：36。

1801, Christopher Girtanner, “A Memoir, in which the Queſtion is examined, whether Azote be a ſimple or complex body?”, 出自 William Nicholson 編, Journal of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry and the Arts, 第 4 卷，第 170 頁:

Hence it is obvious that deutoxide of azote is a compound of one volume of azote and one volume of oxygen gas united together, without any alteration of volume, consequently its specific gravity is the mean of that of oxygen and azotic gases.It is composed, by weight, of azote 0.9722 or 1.75, oxygen 1.1111 or 2. If we reckon the atomic weight of azote 1.75, this gas is obviously a compound of one atom azote and two atoms oxygen.

1823, Chemistry, entry in Charles Maclaren (chief editor), Encyclopædia Britannica, 6th Edition, page 366,

Those who have adopted these opinions, represent the atom of azote by the number 1.75. We consider the 5 compounds of azote and oxygen, as composed of 1 atom azote, united with 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, atoms of oxygen.

1831, Thomas Thomson, A System of Chemistry of Inorganic Bodies, 第 1 卷，第 133 頁:


bahut

借自法語 bahut，之后的来源不详。


bêtise

无聊的事；鸡毛蒜皮的小事，琐事


stricken

［正式］（ ~ (with sth)）受煎熬的；患病的；遭受挫折的

［正式］遭受…的；受…之困的


boucan

源自法語 boucan，源自古圖皮語 mokaém, bokaém (“木头烤架”)。

（图皮人或其他加勒比地区人口使用的）木质烤架

同類詞：grill、barbecue

These savages were so fond of this cookery, and of such endurance, that an Indian returning from the chase, fatigued and hungry, would often wait patiently by the boucan, or as they called it, the barbecu, the best part of a day, until a fish […]

1877, Angus Bethune Reach, Leonard Lindsay: or, The Story of a Buccaneer，第 41 頁:

The process is thus described: "The bones being taken out, the flesh was cut into convenient pieces and salted, and the next day was taken to the boucan". […] 源自adopting the boucan of the Carribees, the hunters in Hispaniola, the Spaniards excepted, came to be called boucaniers,

1891, James Burney, History of the Buccaneers of America，第 49 頁:

“Put them on the platforms in the boucans,” ordered Bart, pointing to a row of the curing huts. “We surrendered,” protested the officer, his face white under the moon. “What manner of brutes are ye? Would you roast us alive?”

"You will find it very unpleasant in the boucans after the charcoal gets properly started and the ammonia comes from the burning bones and hides."

2005, J. Allan Dunn, The Golden Dolphin and Other Pirate Tales from the Pulps, Wildside Press LLC, →ISBN，第 212 頁:


brancher

向外延伸枝干的事物，向四周延展的事物

None of the brancher instructions have any effect whatsoever on any flags; instead, they are the instructions which look at the flags.

1983, Richard Mansfield, Machine Language for Beginners，第 69 頁:

This is pretty typical for a C-written brancher.

1999, Mickey Kawick, Real-time Strategy Game Programming Using DirectX 6.0，第 37 頁:


brancher

源自branch (名词) + -er。因为雏鸟联系飞翔的时候会抱紧枝干。


bricolage

/ˌbɹi.kəʊˈlɑːʒ/


capitalisation

English and French have different rules for the capitalisation of the names of the days of the week.

英语和法语在一周中每天的名字的大写化上规则不同。

The capitalisation of all nouns is a distinctive feature of German.

所有名词（首字母）大写是德语的一个显著特点。

… apparently indicating the degree to which his identification with black music predicates his capitalization on it …

1998, Phillip Brian Harper, Are We Not Men?, page 75:

I doubt if one of them was interested in any business the total capitalization of which exceeded a couple of hundred thousand dollars.


cartable

more cartable (comparative)
most cartable (superlative)

a device of cartable size

a cartable road


fuck

源自中古英語 *fukken，可能源自日耳曼語族：源自古英語 *fuccian或古諾爾斯語 *fukka，两者均源自原始日耳曼語 *fukkōną，源自原始印歐語 *pewǵ- (“击，打，刺”)。对比windfucker及其有争议的词源。
可能在772年时可考于一提到了一处地名Fuccerham的章程内，其可能意为“肏者之家”或“肏者之牧场”；1278年时出现于某记录中的“John le Fucker”可能不过为“Fulcher”的变体，类似“Fucher”、“Foker”等形式。在英语的所有发展阶段中，本词最早明确使用于与性有关的语境内可能是英国柴郡的一个1310年12月8日的法庭文件内，其提到了一个叫做“Roger Fuckebythenavel”的男子（可能是半开玩笑，或者暗指其有淫乱行为）。本词1598年首次出现在词典内。 低地蘇格蘭語 fuk/fuck可考记录出现较早，可能进一步佐证了其源自北日耳曼/斯堪的纳维亚的词源理论。进入16世纪后，本词开始被频繁使用，接替了jape和sard并广泛取代了swive。
大量基于民间词源理论的逆构词，比如fornication under consent of the king和for unlawful carnal knowledge，均不实。
义项10源自相关词义feck。

bugger

屌，肏 （用于表达强烈的不满、鄙视。）

eff

屌，肏 （用于表达强烈的不满、鄙视。）

to hell with

屌，肏 （用于表达强烈的不满、鄙视。）

screw

屌，肏 （用于表达强烈的不满、鄙视。）

mess

使用于动词短语：fuck with (“乱玩；戏耍，戏弄”)。

toy

使用于动词短语：fuck with (“乱玩；戏耍，戏弄”)。

Fighting for peace is like fucking for virginity.

为了和平而打仗就像为了贞洁而打炮。

Would you fuck me? I'd fuck me. I'd fuck me hard. I'd fuck me so hard.

1991, Ted Tally, The Silence of the Lambs (motion picture), 角色 Jame "Buffalo Bill" Gumb（Ted Levine）:

She wanted to fuck him more than she had ever wanted to fuck any man in her life.

2007, Lionel Shriver, The post-birthday world, →ISBN:

They're both New Yorkers coasting on their reputations, they've both had three marriages, neither of them can shut up when in front of a camera, and perhaps most importantly, they both want to fuck Ivanka, which-which is weird for Trump because Ivanka is in his family, and it's weird for Giuliani because she isn't.

2018年May6日, “Rudy Giuliani”, 出自 上周今夜秀, 第 5 季数, 第 10 集数, 約翰·奧利佛（演員）, 經由 HBO:

幹，肏，插入 （使用阴茎，假阴茎插入某人身上的孔、腔或乳沟等）

She shoved them up and together, pushing into me, forcing my foot to fuck her tits harder and harder while gasping as if I was shoving it deep into her body...

2006, Rachel Kramer Bussel, Glamour Girls: Femme/Femme Erotica:

Her pussy had never taken this much cock in her entire life. […] Xander took the hint and began fucking her mouth with his fingers, moving both hands to the same rhythm while his cock gained even more speed and started moving the couch back a few inches with every push. […]

2019年September25日, April Lust, Outlaw in Black: A Dark Contemporary Bad Boy Motorcycle Club Romance, E-Book Publishing World Inc.:

We decided to switch things around and have him fuck me tonight.

我们决定互换一下，让他今晚插我。

fuck me in the ass, really fuck my ass

A skinny, boyish-looking guy getting fucked by a huge muscle man.

瘦得像小孩的男人被大块头肌肉男插入

I'm afraid they're gonna fuck you on this one.

我觉得他们在这件事上会让你没有好果子吃。

I got fucked at the used car lot.

屌，肏 （用于表达强烈的不满、鄙视。）

Fuck those jerks, and fuck their stupid rules!

去他妈的这帮王八蛋，他们都是什么傻逼规则！

Fuck the fuckin' Diaz Brothers, I bury those cockroaches!

1983年December9日, Scarface, 角色 Tony Montana（Al Pacino）:

If he covered for a single motherfucker who's a kiddy-fucker, / fuck the motherfucker, he's as evil as the rapist.

I see you driving 'round town with the girl I love / and I'm like, "Fuck you!"

2010年August19日, “Fuck You”, 演出者 Cee Lo Green:

Goodman says he wants him to come in tomorrow and Moses is so afraid he's fucked up his chance again that he says yeah...

2001, Colson Whitehead, John Henry Days:

She knew something had fucked the plan when she grabbed the headset off the door.

2004, S. Andrew Swann, Hostile Takeover:

Here we are a mile out to sea and you've fucked the motor.

2002, Peter Hawes, Royce, Royce, the people's choice:

The symbols, all warnings of impending doom, might well have read: “You have fucked the engine, you arsehole.

使用于动词短语：fuck with (“乱玩；戏耍，戏弄”)。

They couldn't hear a single note Ted was playing and the sound guy kept yelling at them to stop fucking with the levels so he could make adjustments.

2006, Kilian Betlach, This Feels Like A Riot Looks:

He fucked the dirty cloth out the window.

She fucked her mobile at his head in anger.

她生气地把手机砸到他头上。

The sergeant fucked me upside down.

It's true. For 6 weeks in 1996, Chex Cereal fucked.

2022, “Snack Video Games”, 出自 Last Week Tonight with John Oliver:


fuck

No, but I've got a film of a couple of crocodiles having a fuck.

He could count on a good fuck with Lorene later on.

2001, Thomas Kelly, The Rackets, MysteriousPress.com (2012), ISBN 9781453247341, unnumbered page:

Are guys so intimidated by a girl who's totally blunt about the fact that she just wants a good fuck that they can't perform?

2012, Heather Rutman, The Girl's Guide to Depravity: How to Get Laid Without Getting Screwed, Running Press (2012), ISBN 9780762445356, unnumbered page:

性伴侣 （常指随便的关系）

Let me ask you something, Rocky, man to man. I think she's the fuck of the century, what do you think?

1999, Joe Eszterhas, Basic Instinct (motion picture), 角色 Nick Curran（Michael Douglas）:

In his mind, she was probably just another fuck, but in hers it had meant so much more than that.

2005, Jaid Black, Strictly Taboo, Berkley Sensations (2005), ISBN 9780425202456, unnumbered page:

If he's a lousy fuck, I can at least say I had a lousy fuck, and if he's a great fuck, well that's even better...

“He'd rather have his favorite fuck with him on the greatest adventure of his life than pay money to lie with ugly strangers. […]

2008, Nicole Galland, Crossed, Harper (2008), ISBN 9780060841805, page 32:

Finally he gets up his courage, crosses over to her and says in her ear, "Hello, Beautiful. Whaddya say to a little fuck?" She measures him coolly with her eyes. "Hello, little fuck."

1965, Gershon Legman, Rationale of the Dirty Joke: An Analysis of Sexual Humor:

She used to be a secretary but then she realized that she could run a business a hell of a lot better than those stupid fucks could.

I don't give a fuck.

Ryder: You know, it's hard to calculate how few fucks I give about Tann's opinion.

2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, 經由 PC, →OCLC，幕：Elaaden:


fuck

fark

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

feck

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

fook

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

frick

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

fsck

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

肏，屌 （喘气时半不自觉发出的声音。）

靠，妈的 （表达沮丧和不满。）

Oh, fuck! We left the back door unlocked.

Fuck! Why do you have to be so difficult all the time?

妈的！你一定要这么刁难人吗？

Oh, fuck! I forgot to pay that parking ticket and now they want me to appear in court!

我靠！我忘记付那张停车票，现在他们想告我！

靠，妈的 （表达惊喜。）

Fuck! That movie was good!


fuck

hell

用来加强“yes”或“no”的语气。

god

用来加强“yes”或“no”的语气。

shit

用来加强“yes”或“no”的语气。

heck

用来加强“yes”或“no”的语气。

the fucking you get isn't worth the fucking you get

用来加强“yes”或“no”的语气。

Do you censor your swearing? – Fuck no.

你会删减你的脏话吗？ — 删个卵。


fuck

用作表示多个常见疑问句的缩短形式。

特別用於非洲裔美國人白話

People complainin' "Monday again"... course it's Monday; fuck you thought came after Sunday? Sunday Jr.?

一帮人抱怨“又到星期一了”啥的...当然是星期一了，要不然周日下一天他妈的是啥？小周日？

Of course it's the mailman. Fuck you thought it was?

当然是送信的啊！要不然你他妈以为是谁？


chétif

more chétif (comparative)
most chétif (superlative)

It was hard to believe this gay, good-looking young chap, laughing and making mock of the very religion he was going into, was the chétif little boy who used to follow the big Horace everywhere and couldn't live without him.

1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York, 出版於 2007，第 130 頁:


chewing-gum

Two boys, one aged eight and the other twelve years, in Rome, Oneida county, N. Y., a few days ago, had a childish altercation about some chewing-gum and pop-corn, and, as they separated, threw at each other with sticks and other missiles, […]

1862年January4日, Jonesboro Weekly Gazette, 第 XII 卷, 第 49 期, Jonesboro, Ill., front page，第 6 列:

Then he wrenched off the top of a box, and commenced to cram chewing-gum into his mouth. Sticks of it; dozens of sticks.

1940年April27日, Max Stafford, “Speed on the Sands”, 出自 Illustrated Leicester Chronicle，第 18 頁，第 3 列:


chirurgie

===名词===
通常 〔可數〕/不可數
#〔古〕，外科，外科学，見： surgery


animadversion

源自法語 animadversion ← 拉丁語 animadversiō (“评价，批评”)，源自animadvertō (“注意”)，源自animus (“内心”) + advertō (“转向”)。

/ˌænɪmædˈvɜːʃən/

/ˌænɪmædˈvɝːʒən /

/ˌænɪmædˈvɝːʃən/


flare up

（疾病、损伤）复发，突然加剧


break out

（战争、纠纷）爆发，突然产生


aunt

標準英音，澳大利亞，新英格蘭，非洲裔美國人白話，美國其他一些地區

標準英音，澳大利亞，新英格蘭，非洲裔美國人白話，美國其他一些地區

北英格蘭，加拿大，通用美式

北英格蘭，加拿大，通用美式

姑母，姨母，伯母，婶母，舅母


anxious

令人焦虑的，流露出忧虑的


agitated

/ˈæd͡ʒɪteɪtɪd/


hang back

Ayala’s mix-up with Dean Whitehead left Cameron Jerome advancing from the flank, probably expecting at least one opponent would come across to block off the shot. It never happened. The next defender, Ben Gibson, hung back, mistakenly thinking Jerome would look for a team-mate, and the goalkeeper, Dimitrios Konstantopoulos, also seemed to be caught in two minds.

2015年May25日, Daniel Taylor, “Norwich reach Premier League after early blitz sees off Middlesbrough”, 出自 The Guardian (London):


connaisseur

借自法语connaisseur (“了解者；鉴赏家”)或将早期借词connoisseur更新为现代法语正写法的形式。

The gallery of Prince Valsavoja contains about 100 pictures several of which deserve the attention of the artist and connaisseur.

1847, L. Piale（发行者）, Guide to Naples and Sicily, Part I: Naples, page 42

They pass their Sundays agreeably, in complete repose: seated outside their doors, dressed in the best clothes, and displaying, with serene satisfaction, the many rings, pendants, and huge earrings of rare beauty, inherited for many past generations, and wich possess an individual character that the connaisseur at once recognises.

1890, James Knowles, ed, The Nineteenth Century: a monthly review (July–December 1890), page 579

The support of Mr. Albert Igoin, a Spinoza reader and connaisseur of long date, is particularly appreciated.

1994, Yirmiyahu Yovel, Gideon Segal, ed, Spinoza on Knowledge and the Human Mind: Papers Presented at the Second Jerusalem Conference, page xii

But it needed a connaisseur of Roman law, namely Wolfgang Ernst, Bonn/Cambridge, to remind me that justum facere is the common root of Recht-Fertigung and justification.

2004, Arthur Hartkamp and Carla Joustra, Kluwer Law International, Towards a European Civil Code: Third Fully Revised and Expanded Edition, a footnote on page 159


conque

conch的另一種拼寫法


red ink

财政赤字，来源于经济账目中用红笔表示损失。


tactful

圆通的，得体的，不得罪人的


arbitrarily

任意地，武断地，反复无常地

肆意地，专横地，独断独行地


apartment

（尤指在同一楼层的）公寓套房

（尤指巨屋、名宅的）房间


coqueluche

一种百日咳病人为了给头保暖而戴的兜帽

The coqueluchon or coqueluche was a kind of hood very generally worn at certain periods of the year, which seems to have given its name to the hooping-cough, because those who were attacked by that illness wore a coqueluche or monk's hood to keep their head warm.

1896, Alphonse Mariette, French and English idioms and proverbs: with critical and historical notes，第 104 頁:

[…] because the sick wore a coqueluche on their heads (as a part of the treatment prescribed) certainly owes its currency to Dr. Short, but he appears to have relied upon the authority of Schenkius […]

1922, Francis Graham Crookshank, Influenza，第 73 頁:


corvée

corvee的另一種寫法


smolder

〈不及〉（无明火地）阴燃，闷燃

〈不及〉〈引，书〉（感情）郁积，压在心头


smoulder

〈不及〉（无明火地）阴燃，闷燃

〈不及〉〈引，书〉（感情）郁积，压在心头


sultry

（女子或其外表）姿色迷人的；风情万种的；性感的


swelt

swelts
swelting
swelted
swolt
swelted
swolten

〈旧，方〉屈服于感情、高温等；晕倒，感到热得难受


subjugate

:< 拉丁语 subjugatus——subjugare（上轭，征服）的过去分词，构自 sub（在…之下）与 jugum（轭）。见 yoke。

〈多被动〉〈正式〉征服；制伏；使屈服；使服从


subjugation

/ˌsʌbdʒʊˈɡeɪʃən/

/ˌsʌbdʒəˈɡeɪʃən/


-ion

源自拉丁语后缀 -iō（属格 -iōnis）。添加至完成时被动分词后，构成相应行为的名词形。

表示动作或过程，或动作、过程的结果


-tion

:源自拉丁语后缀 -tiō，通过法语传入。

表示动作或动作的结果。常用在拉丁借词上。有时伴有概念的抽象化或专一化。


shit

:< 古英语 scite（粪）、scitte（腹泻） < 原始日耳曼语 *skit- < 原始印欧语 *skheid-（分，离）。 与中古低地德语 schite、中古荷兰语 schitte、荷兰语 schijt、德语 Scheiße、瑞典语 skit、挪威语 skitt 和冰岛语 skítur 同源。 另对比 shite。

〈不可数／粗／俗〉大便，粪便

〈可数／粗／俗／复／定〉（the shits）腹泻

〈不可数／粗／俗〉垃圾，无用之物

〈不可数／粗／俗／贬〉东西，事物

〈不可数／粗／俗／定〉（the shit）（某一类中）最好的事物

〈不可数／粗／俗〉胡说，瞎掰，胡诌

〈可数／粗／俗〉可鄙之人，令人不快的人

〈不可数／粗／俗〉（用于否定）任何事物，某个事物

〈不可数／粗／俗〉困境，问题

〈不可数／粗／俗〉可卡因


shit

more shit (comparative)
shitter (comparative)
most shit (superlative)
shittest (superlative)

〈俗〉可恶的，不友善的，不道德的


shit

:< 古英语 scītan < 原始日耳曼语 *skit- < 原始印欧语 *skheid-（分，割）。 与荷兰语 schijten、德语 scheißen 和瑞典语 skita 同源。

shits
shitting
shat
shitted
(美國) shit
shat
shitted
(美國) shit
shitten

〈及物／粗／俗〉从肛门排出

〈及物／粗／俗〉骗，想骗

〈及物／粗／俗，澳〉烦，给…添烦


shit

〈俗〉表示担心、失败、震惊等，多用于首次见到或突然想起某件事时。

〈俗〉表示不满意或惊奇。


separate

:< 拉丁语 separatus——separare 的被动完成分词 < sepire, saepire（围）。

（~ from sth/sb）单独的；独立的；分开的

〈多修饰名词〉不同的；不相关的


bona fide

源自拉丁語 bonā fidē (“以善意”)，bona fidēs (“善意”)的斜格。

Let thinking people, then, judge what must be the fate of a church, whose fundamental doctrines are disbelieved by men of sense and inquiry, whose articles are well known not to be subscribed bonâ fide by those who officiate in it […]。

1791, Joseph Priestley, Letters to Burke, section XII:


bona fide

Although he failed, the prime minister made a bona fide attempt to repair the nation's damaged economy.

This is a bona fide Roman coin.

What intrigues us is what will happen when the ersatzes for the ersatzes come along. Will characters start substituting for actors, bona fide dogs for barking ladies; will people start looking at people again instead of television and at nature instead of at documentaries?

1955年June30日, “Ersatzes for Ersatzes”, 出自 The Christian Science Monitor, 第 47 卷, 第 182 期:

Ulysses Everett McGill: I am the only daddy you got! I’m the damn pater familias!
Wharvey Gal: But you ain’t bona fide!

2000, Joel Coen, Ethan Coen, O Brother, Where Art Thou?:


penniclavine

狼尾草麥角鹼 {噴尼棒
麥角鹼}


pseudocarpaine

准番木瓜鹼；ψ-番木瓜鹼


ruine

Sin in its own nature tendeth to nothing, but the ruine and eternal destruction of a Soul […]

1678, John Collinges, Several Discourses Concerning the Actual Providence of God:


thalictricine

黃唐松草生鹼；黃唐松草
星鹼


sparkling

/ˈspɑɹkl̩ɪŋ/

/ˈspɑːkl̩ɪŋ/


saboteur

/ˌsæbəˈtɜː(ɹ)/

/ˌsæbəˈtʊə(ɹ)/


sabre

源自法語 sabre。
* 源自德語 Säbel。
** 最初源自匈牙利語 szablya ，意为“刀具”，及 szabni ，意为“切割”。
同源词有：
* 丹麥語： sabel
* 西班牙語： sable
* 葡萄牙語： sabre
* 俄語： сабля
* 塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語： сабља


saccharine

故作多情的，情感过分强烈而显夸张的


sachet

（置于衣物中的）小香囊，小香袋


satisfaction

满足，满意，欣慰，令人满意的事

（抗议、投诉等的）妥善处理；（债务的）清偿；（伤害的）赔偿


satisfied

satisfy的过去式和过去分词


scoff

cot–caught 合併，北方大城市元音移位

（英式/俗）贪婪地吃；狼吞虎咽


Jesus Christ

Jesus + Christ，源自中古英語 Jesu Crist、Jesus Crist，源自拉丁語 Iēsus Chrīstus。

Almighty God, give us the grace that we may cast away the works of darkness, and put upon us the armour of light, now in the time of this mortal life (in which thy son Jesus Christ came to visit us in great humility;)

1681, Church of England, The book of common prayer:


Jesus Christ

我靠，天啊 （表达惊讶的秽语）

Oh Jesus Christ. Don't be so dramatic, okay?

2013, Richard Linklater, Julie Delpy, Ethan Hawke, Before Midnight (motion picture), 角色 Jesse（Ethan Hawke）:


rabbit warren

rabbit warren
#野兔繁殖区（由地下交错相连的洞穴组成）
#有许多狭小通道的建筑；街道狭窄而密集的城区


rabble-rousing

煽动暴民的行动（或方法）


rag doll

rag doll
#碎布制玩偶；布洋娃娃


rain check

（比赛、演出等因雨取消时）可延期使用的票


rain check

take a rain check (on something)　（婉辞邀请）下次吧，以后再说


revealing

more revealing (comparative)
most revealing (superlative)

穿着暴露的，穿着过于性感的


open up

Some vacancies have opened up due to retirements.

因为有人退休所以出现了一些职位空缺。

Open up the door!

The executive pay gap is opening up again.

高管薪水差异又开始出现了。

Wilshire then opened up Everton's defence, but Van Persie lifted his finish over the onrushing Howard and also over the bar.

2011年February1日, Phil McNulty, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Everton”, 出自 BBC:

The corridor gradually opened up into a triangular room.

走道逐渐扩大成一个三角形的房间。

After three hours of questioning, he finally opened up.

盘问了三个小时后，他终于开口了。

As the convoy entered the pass, we opened up on them with everything we had.

运输队通过关卡时，我们将所有火力倾泻而下。

The sky has really opened up. I've never seen this much rain!

天真是裂开了一样。我从来没见过那么大的雨！

The pigeon is moving as before with unhurried haste. [...] But it must be all out. If it wasn't, then it would open up and get away from that shadow of death behind it.

1934, Henry G. Lamond, An Aviary on the Plains, Sydney: Angus and Robertson，第 211 頁:

cheat out (“不自然地过度面向观众”)之同義詞

In stage acting, we are frequently asked to cheat out to the audience by opening up our body positions so that we are something halfway between facing them and our partner.

2015, Robert Barton, Acting: Onstage and Off，第 184 頁:


attaboy

:"that's a boy!" 或 "that's the boy!"　的缩写。

（对男性特别是男孩表示鼓励或赞赏的用语）好啊！好样的！


come on to

come on to
#〈及物／俗〉 对某人产生好感，爱上…；吃豆腐，对…轻薄，调情；企图发生性关系。


outlead

在领导方面占优，更能领导


outperform

（效益、效果上）超过，胜过


aggrieved

（~ (at/by sth.)）愤愤不平的；感到受委屈的


aggrieved

aggrieve的过去式和过去分词


aggrieve

:< 中古英语 agreven < 古法语 agrever——a（拉丁语 ad） + grever（担负，伤害） < 拉丁语 gravare < 拉丁语 gravis（重）。 对比 grieve 和 aggravate。


trill

（人的）颤声，短促尖声；（鸟的）啼啭，唧唧啾啾


trill

（连续）发颤音，发短促的响声

（舌抵上腭）用颤音发声，发颤音


ô

O all you hoſt of heauen, ô earth, what els, / And ſhall I coupple hell, ô fie, hold, hold my hart

1604, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, Second Quarto, D3:


ajar

(门窗等)打开一半的，半开的，虚掩的。

不和谐的，不融洽的，复杂矛盾的。


halal

阿拉伯语 حَلَال (ḥalāl)


halal

阿拉伯语 حَلَال (ḥalāl)


nada

:< 西班牙語 nada （“没有什么”）。


AMD

British artificial intelligence company BenevolentAI has announced its partnership with charity group Action Against Age-related macular degeneration (AAA) to develop treatments for age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of blindness in adults in the UK.

2018, Scarlett Evans, "AI partnership to develop macular degeneration treatments" (16 March 2018), Drug Development Technology.


AMD

Advanced Micro Devices (“超威半导体”)之首字母縮略詞。


American Samoa

/əˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kən səˈməʊ.ə/


anti-

:< 古希臘語 ἀντί (anti)（“对着”）。

表示“反”、“反对”、“敌对”。

表示“反”、“相反”、“逆”。

表示“抗”、“对抗”、“抵消”。

表示与反粒子相关：“反”。


Balsam

借自德語 Balsam，其为卖香水的商人的职业姓氏。可能也是一个源自Balsham的地名姓氏，其位于剑桥郡。


Benjamin

源自晚期拉丁語 Benjamin，源自古希臘語 Βενιαμίν (Beniamín)，源自聖經希伯來語 בִּנְיָמִין (binyamīn, 字面意思是“右/南方之子或日之子”)。各个机构对于希伯来语的原意众说纷纭。斐洛、《撒马利亚五经》、《十二族长遗训》以及Midrash Leḳaḥ-Ṭob 认为 יָמִין 说的是“日”（日子）（出现于但以理书 12:13），使得名字的意思为“日之子”（即年老之子），创世纪 40:22中的一段Benjamin描述为雅各老年的一个儿子。Rashi在创世纪的评注中认为上述是可能的解释，但认为יָמִין 指代的是“右”即“南方”，说Benjamin为雅各在南方唯一的儿子。Jerome认为名字的意思为“右手之子”，而Gesenius推测这个表达意为“好运之子”。

雅各和拉结在《圣经》中所育的最小的儿子：便雅悯

And it came to pass, as her soul was in departing, (for she died) that she called his name Benoni: but his father called him Benjamin.
#*:: 她將近於死，靈魂要走的時候，就給她兒子起名叫便俄尼，他父親卻給他起名叫便雅憫。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 35:18:
:

What about the youngest child - the Benjamin - the child of its parents' mature strength and charity, always better treated than the unfortunate eldest children of their youthful ignorance and wilfulness?

1908, George Bernard Shaw, Getting Married:

源自希伯来语的男性人名，源自《圣经》：本杰明

"Well, who the hell ever thinks some boy with a name like Benjamin is going to kill someone?" I said. "It's like someone named Winnie the Pooh taking hostages!"

2007 Mark Schreiber, Starcrossed, Llewellyn Worldwide, ISBN 0738710016, page 53:

美国得克萨斯州诺克斯县的一个小城市：本杰明


Birmingham

/ˈbɜː.mɪŋˌhæm/


Bochum

波鴻（德國北萊茵-威斯特法倫州魯爾區城市）


Carex

Carex
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：苔草
* 正體中文：薹草


Casanova

/ˌkæsəˈnəʊvə/

/ˌkæzəˈnəʊvə/

贾科莫·卡萨诺瓦，意大利浪荡公子

猎艳圣手，风流汉，大众情人


Casio

Casio
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：卡西欧
* 正體中文：卡西歐


categories

/ˈkætəˌɡɔɹiz/


Chihuahua

源自墨西哥西班牙語 Chihuahua。狗种名源自州名。

/tʃɪˈwɑːwɑː/

奇瓦瓦（城市，州首府名，位於墨西哥奇瓦瓦）

奇瓦瓦（自治市名，位於墨西哥奇瓦瓦）

奇瓦瓦（州名，位於墨西哥）


Chihuahua

源自墨西哥西班牙語 Chihuahua。狗种名源自州名。

/tʃɪˈwɑːwɑː/


Chloe

借自古希臘語 χλόη (khlóē, “绿色新芽”)，女神得墨忒耳的别称。

源自古希腊语的女性人名，科洛、克洛伊、克洛艾、 或 克蘿伊

For it hath been declared unto me of you, my brethren, by them which are of the house of Chloe, that there are contentions among you.

因為革來氏家裡的人，曾對我提起弟兄們來，說你們中間有分爭。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Corinthians 1:11:

Of Chloe all the town has rung; / By ev'ry Size of Poets sung. / So beautiful a Nymph appears / But once in Twenty Thousand Years.

1731, Jonathan Swift, Strephon and Chloe:

Before he had met this one, Morgan had assumed that people called Chloe were either the neurotic brilliant daughters of Oxbridge dons or else silly screaming debutantes.

1981, William Boyd, A Good Man in Africa, H.Hamilton, →ISBN，第 24 頁:


Citibank

Citibank
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：花旗银行
* 正體中文：花旗銀行


Coca-Cola

Coca-Cola
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：可口可乐
* 正體中文：可口可樂


Corona

Corona
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：科罗纳
* 正體中文：科羅納


Cousin

源自中古英語 Cosyn，諾曼語的用词。源自盎格魯-諾曼語，源自古法語 cusin, cosin, cousin (“堂表兄弟”) （法語 cousin, cousine）。字面意思是「亲戚」。


Data Mining

〈阴〉 数据挖掘，数据掏金，数据库知识发现


deep house

深度浩室，浩室音樂的一種。


DV

digital video (“數碼攝像機”)之首字母縮略詞。

daily value (“每日推薦攝入量”)之首字母縮略詞。


DV

Deo volente (“若承天意，若一切順利”)之首字母縮略詞。


EBITDA

earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (“扣除利息、税、折旧和摊销之前的利润”)之首字母縮略詞。


Elvis

男子的名，大約是源自於姓Elwes。

艾維斯·普里斯萊（Elvis Presley, 1935-1977），一位美國的音樂家。


Elvis

艾維斯·普里斯萊（Elvis Presley）的模仿艺人。


exorbitant

源自晚期拉丁語 exorbitāns，exorbitō (“偏离道路”)的现在分词，源自ex (“出，离”) + orbita (“车辙”)，见orbit。对比法語 exorbitant。

more exorbitant (comparative)
most exorbitant (superlative)

/ɪɡˈzɔːbɪtənt/

/ɛɡˈzɔːbɪtənt/

It’s a nice car, but they are charging an exorbitant price for it.

这车不错，但是价格太贵了。

You also have to pay exorbitant interest if you have credit card debt.

如果你有信用卡欠款的话，你可能也要交高昂的利息。

But whatever might be the internal thoughts of Macedonian officers, they held their peace before Alexander [the Great], whose formidable character and exorbitant self-estimation would tolerate no criticism.

1856, George Grote, “Military Operations and Conquests of Alexander, after His Winter-quarters in Persis, down to His Death At Babylon”, 出自 History of Greece, 第 XII 卷, London: John Murray, […], part II，第 282 頁:

[M]any low-income people are "unbanked" (not served by a financial institution), and thus nearly eaten alive by exorbitant fees.

2015年January18日, Charles M[cRay] Blow, “How expensive is it to be poor [print version: International New York Times, 20 January 2015, page 7]”, 出自 The New York Times:


Kahn

用于犹太人之间，为Cohen的德语同化形式。


Schatz

* 在德語中和作为犹太人姓氏时，源自Schatz (“宝藏”)。
* 作为犹太人姓氏，源自一派生自希伯來語 שליח ציבור，“教会的使者”，的首字母缩略词，源自Hazzan。


fleischig

源自意第緒語 פֿליישיק (fleyshik, “含肉的”)。拼写受到了德語 fleischig (“多肉的”)的影响。fleshy 的同源對似詞。

用来处理肉的；被肉弄脏了的

最近吃过肉而不能吃含乳食品的


Knecht

德語和阿勒曼尼語姓氏，源自中古高地德語和中古低地德語 knecht (“熟练工，骑士的侍从”)。


Seattle

得名自西雅图酋长（Chief Seattle），源自盧紹錫德語 siʔaɫ，發音 [ˈsiʔaːɬ].

西雅圖（城市名，位於美國華盛頓）。


Gansu

甘肃省（中国西北部省份）。


Sehnsucht

借自德語 Sehnsucht，源自sehnen (“渴望”) + Sucht (“成瘾，入迷；紧张”).


sexy

sexier (comparative)
sexiest (superlative)

富有魅力的；迷人的；有吸引力的


Krug

德語及犹太姓氏，源自名词Krug的两个词源的义项。对比Krueger。

Director of the ALA's Office for Intellectual Freedom since 1967, Mrs. Krug was a national leader in several legal cases that rose to the Supreme Court.

2009年April14日, Patricia Sullivan, “Judith Krug”, 出自 The Washington Post:


Soviet Union

Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 的截斷形式。最早於1919年出現在美國的報紙上。

音頻（美國中大西洋地區）

蘇聯，Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (“蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟”)的缩略形式

Hence the famous February 9th 1946 speech at the Bolshoi Theatre, where Stalin announced that the Soviet Union was returning to its pre-war emphasis on industrialization, war-preparedness, and the inevitabibility of conflict between capitalism and Communism, and made explicit what was already obvious, that henceforth the Soviet Union would cooperate with the West only when it suited her.

因此，1946年2月9日，斯大林在莫斯科大剧院发表了著名的演讲，强调苏联正在恢复战前对工业化、战争准备，以及资本主义与共产主义之间的冲突，并明确了一个已经很明显的事实，即今后苏联'只有在适合自己的时候才会与西方合作。

2005, Tony Judt, “The Impossible Settlement [絕無可能的解決辦法]”, 出自 Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945, London: Vintage Books, 出版於 2010, →ISBN:

Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (“俄羅斯蘇維埃聯邦社會主義共和國”)之同義詞


Sprachraum

语言地区（讲一种语言的地区）

言语区、语言区（大脑皮层中与语言有关的区域）。


Gorbachev

Gorbachev
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：戈尔巴乔夫
* 正體中文：戈爾巴喬夫


Leopold

來自古法語 Leopold，源自古高地德語 liut (“人”) + bald (“勇敢”)。第一部分偶被民間詞源聯繫到拉丁語 leo (“獅子”)，如人名 Leo和Leonard。更多參見lede、bold。

利奧波德， 源自日耳曼語族的男性人名。19世纪使用，现在罕用。

Several kings of the Belgians were called Leopold.

有幾位比利時國王都叫做利奧波德。

地名： 郊區名，位於澳大利亞維多利亞大吉朗吉朗。

地名： 鎮區及非建制社區名，位於美國印第安納佩里。

地名： 非建制社區名，位於美國密蘇里波林格。

地名： 非建制社區名，位於美國西弗吉尼亞多德里奇。


Hainan

源自官话海南的拼音转写（Hǎinán）。

海南省（中国南部省份）。


Louvre

借自法語 Louvre，之后词源不详。可能源自古法蘭克語和日耳曼語族，或源自louveterie，又或源自拉丁語 Lupara。参见英语维基百科。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-Louvre.wav

卢浮宫，罗浮宫 （位于法国巴黎的一座著名博物馆）

God above, this man was as chiseled as the statues she'd spied in the Louvre.

2011, Tara Kingston, Claimed by the Spymaster，第 68 頁:

I don't care if your split, power or squat position looks like it should be in the Louvre, you won't jerk a thing.

2010, Don McCauley, Power Trip: A Guide to Weightlifting for Coaches, Athletes and Parents，第 130 頁:

I preferred the Dutch apple pie, and my waitress for those few years had legs that belonged in the Louvre.

2006, Ted Nelson Lundrigan, Bob White, A Bird in the Hand，第 85 頁:

IF YOU ARE a young Joe DiMaggio or Mickey Mantle with a swing that belongs in the Louvre, somebody might get the idea you could win a batting title, even if it was only your second year with the New York Yankees.

1985 February, Phil Elderkin, “Don Mattingly: A.L. Batting Champion, A Born Hitter”, 出自 Baseball Digest, 第 44 卷, 第 2 期，第 49 頁:

For purposes of illustrating a lecture on calisthenics, a stick figure is a better picture of a squatting man than something from the Louvre.

1960, Thomas Felix Staton, How to Instruct Successfully: Modern Teaching Methods in Adult Education，第 172 頁:

They are cries which show that every one has his own place, and should stay in it, — M. de Guise in the streets, and you in the Louvre. Go to the Louvre, Sire; go to the Louvre.

1889, Alexandre Dumas, Dame de Monsoreau: Volume 1，第 319 頁:


Luanda

卢安达/罗安达，安哥拉首都。


Lyssa

Alyssa的缩短形式。

It was mornings like this when Lyssa really appreciated the indoor arena.

2002, Karle Dickerson, Joanna Campbell, Hoofprints in the snow

Anaisse sank down to the carpet in order to look her in her eye. She smiled. "My name is Anaisse. Where is your mother, Lyssa?"

2005, Anya Bast, Seasons of Pleasure: Summer and Autumn:

Lyssa, that's what I want to find out. Will you think about it?


Madonna

来自意大利语madonna。


Heimweh

For the long trail stretched before us, for we heard the call, / Left the hearthstone and the homeland, felt the rover's thrall; / Wandered to the far horizon, sought the joy of life— / Now the wanderlust is waning, heimweh now is rife.

1908年December12日, Harry Davids, Tom Springer, “Christmas Sorrows”, 出自 Alfred Holman 編, The Argonaut, 第 LXIII 卷, 第 1655 期, San Francisco, Calif.: Argonaut Publishing Company, →OCLC，第 397 頁，第 1 列:


Taliban

源自普什圖語 طالبان (ṭālibān, “学生，探求者”)，طالب (ṭālib)的复数，源自阿拉伯語 طَالِب (ṭālib, “学生，探求者”)。


Taliban

We will deal with the Afghan Taliban through dialogue. And we will handle the Pakistani Taliban with bullets.

2005, Merajuddin Pathan, quoted in Scott Baldauf, “Taliban coming in from cold”, in The Christian Science Monitor, 2005 April 28:

Not everyone accepts the premise of a complete rupture between the two Talibans.

2008, Raza Khan, “Afghan, Pakistani Taliban diverge on goals”, in The Washington Times, 2009 November 18:

The Pakistani Taliban, an offspring of the Afghan Taliban, are led by veterans of the fighting in Afghanistan who come from the border regions.

2009, Carlotta Gall, “Pakistan and Afghan Taliban Close Ranks”, in The New York Times, 2009 March 27, page A1:


Massachusetts

州名源于同名部落。部落名源于部族居住地附近的Great Blue Hill。对比马萨诸塞语mishe, missi, mass- (“大的”), wadchu, -adchu (“山”), -et (“地方”)。

马萨诸塞州（又称麻萨诸塞州，麻省），美国下属的一个州，首府波士顿。


Mast

* 作为荷蘭語姓氏，源自名词mast。
* 作为荷蘭語姓氏，还可能源自名词mast (“秣”, 释义2)。
* 作为德語与阿勒曼尼語姓氏，源自名词Mast (“脂肪”)，其与上面的“秣”一词有关。


Mayo

梅奥 县名，位於爱尔兰。

梅奥 村名，位於爱尔兰梅奥。

梅奥 镇区名，位於北爱尔兰唐。

自治市名，位於加拿大魁北克帕皮诺 Regional County Municipality。

梅奥 村名，位於加拿大育空。

梅奥 村，郡名，位於美国佛罗里达拉斐特。

梅奥 未建制社区名，位於美国肯塔基默瑟县。

梅奥 普查规定居民点名，位於美国马里兰安妮阿伦德尔县。

梅奥 普查规定居民点名，位於美国南卡罗莱纳州斯帕坦堡县。


Mayo

镇名，位於科特迪瓦东南部。


Hitler

姓氏 Hitler 属 Hiedler 的一个变体，后者为住在Hiedl (“地下河”)（巴伐利亞語方言）附近的居民使用姓氏。早期理论认为该形式派生自Hüttler（亦作Huettler），或意为“住在棚屋里的人”，源自Hütte (“棚屋”)，或源自hüten (“照看”)。

阿道夫·希特勒，1933年到1945年在位的德国独裁者

The question makes no sense, unless the questioner is satisfied with such answers as: Death is evil, pain is evil, Hitler is evil.

1964, David Hugh Freeman, A Philosophical Study of Religion:

Similarly, the description we give of God’s knowledge concerning Hitler has to be different after Hitler’s death; it is manifest that there has been a change on Hitler’s side, and that this, in view of the logic of omniscience, makes a difference to what we can truly say about God’s knowledge; ...

1977, Peter Thomas Geach, Providence and Evil:

Mueller is even less convincing in his suggestion that World War II might never have happened if Hitler had never been born.

1994, Karen A. Rasler, William R. Thompson, The great powers and global struggle, 1490-1990:

People do evil things (Hitler, Stalin, Saddam Hussein).

2007, Richard Dawkins, The God Delusion:


Hitler

How does he support his position against the prima facie case in favor of the strongly counterintuitive claim that non-violence would necessarily defeat a Hitler?

1986, William Borman, Gandhi and Non-Violence:

“He was called a ‘little Hitler’ yesterday,” Stevens said. “A guy pointed at him in his car and then he said that we didn’t like brown people. I don’t understand that at all.”

2019年February18日, Tulsi Kamath, “Boy, 7, called ‘little Hitler’ for raising money for Wall, mom says”, 出自 KXAN:


Holland

Holland
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：荷兰
* 正體中文：荷蘭


Hollywood

Hollywood
==== 翻译 ====
翻譯
* 简体中文：好莱坞
* 正體中文：好萊塢


Toulouse

借自法語 Toulouse < 拉丁語 Tolōsa，可能源自高盧語。對照威爾士語 twl (tumulus)，愛爾蘭語 tulach < 原始印歐語 *tewh₂- (“肿胀，隆起”)。

圖盧茲，土魯斯（法國奥克西塔尼大和上加龍省的省会）。


Troy

源自拉丁语 Troia ← 古希腊语 Τροία (Troía)。

特洛伊，小亚细亚西北一古城，位于达达尼尔河附近，从青铜器时代起便是一座弗里吉亚城市，传说为特洛伊战争所在地，大约在公元前1200年被希腊军队侵占并毁灭，因特洛伊木马闻名。

城市名，在美国的多个州内都有。


Troy

源自古法语 Troyes。

男子名，源自姓氏，但一说源自古特洛伊城。


Moor

一支源自努米迪亚的柏柏尔人。

在8-15世纪期间，统治西班牙及北非的阿拉伯人或柏柏尔人。


Tunis

借自阿拉伯語 تُونِس (tūnis)。更遠的詞源不确定。但有可能来自：
* 詞根 (ens, “休息，躺下”)
* 与腓尼基語中的女神塔尼特（Tanit）有关。

突尼斯/突尼斯市（突尼斯的首都）


Innsbruck

源自Inn（因河） + Brücke (“橋梁”)。

因斯布魯克（首府名，位於奧地利西部蒂羅爾）.


Nanning

南宁（中国广西壮族自治区的首府）。


Nassau

拿骚(巴哈马首都,位于加勒比海)。


Nemesis

源自古希臘語 Νέμεσις (Némesis, “涅墨西斯，复仇女神”)。

同類詞：Invidia

小行星罚神星，位于主小行星带

涅墨西斯星，假定的太阳伴星


unheimlich

more unheimlich (comparative)
most unheimlich (superlative)

诡异的，离奇的 （自19世纪）

My point is that there is no grand single line, everything is in bits, & often absolutely dead, & always very unheimlich, almost macabre.

Werfner, damn him, keen-witted but unheimlich, is obsessed with railway lines

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage, 出版於 2007，第 272 頁:

The music rings throughout the hall, somewhat unheimlich, given that the place is so empty.

2009, Søren Kirkegaard, 譯者 MG Piety, Repetition, Oxford，第 33 頁:


NOx

/ɛn əʊ ˈɛks/

任意一种燃烧中产生的氮氧化物（nitrogen oxide）。


URL

/ˌjuːˌɑːɹˈɛl/

URL（Uniform Resoure Locator：统一资源定位器）是WWW页的地址，它从左到右由下述部分组成：


Pampa

美国得克萨斯州格雷县的一个城市：潘帕。


Panzer

panzer的大小寫替代形式


Peugeot

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-us-Peugeot from France pronunciation (Voice of America).ogg

同類詞：PSA、Citroën


wacker

wack 的比較級形式。


portfolio management

投资组合管理，作出投资组合及政策、达成投资目标、个人及机构资产分配及平衡风险与表现等重要决定。


Wallachia

对比罗马尼亚语 Valahia。和 Vlach相关。

瓦拉几亚，东欧一公国，现为罗马尼亚南部的一部分。

瓦拉几亚，历史地名，位于摩拉维亚东北部。


Wehrmacht

非同化借詞，源自德語 Wehrmacht。

（纳粹德国的）国防军，纳粹德军

同類詞：Waffen-SS、Schutzstaffel、Sturmabteilung

In the end the Allies battered the Wehrmacht back to the Reich and ended whatever chance the Germans had of escaping their fate.

1996, Robert Doughty, World War II: Total Warfare Around the Globe, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, →ISBN，第 106 頁:


progressive house

渐进浩室，一种比较注重旋律和乐曲编排的浩室乐。


Provence

===專有名詞===
通常
# 普罗旺斯省，位于法国南部


provolone

波罗伏洛干酪：一种坚硬的意大利浅色干酪，梨形，通常是熏制。


Punjab

源自旁遮普語 پنجاب (Panjāb)，源自波斯語 پنجاب (panj-âb, “五條河流[之地]”)，源自پنج (panj, “五”) + آب (âb, “水”)，指的是旁遮普地區的五條河流：杰赫勒姆河、奇納布河、拉維河、薩特萊杰河和比亞斯河。波斯語詞彙翻譯自梵語 पञ्चनद (pañcanada, “五條河流[之地]”)，源自पञ्च (pañca, “五”) + नद (nada, “水”)。

旁遮普（南亞地區名；印度邦名；巴基斯坦省名）


Putin

俄语Пу́тин (Pútin)的转写。

弗拉基米尔·普京


world music

世界音樂，將非西方地區的傳統音樂與現代流行元素結合在一起，面向西方觀衆的音樂類型。


Rick

源自男性人名Richard。

男性人名 Richard 的指小詞，也可能是Ricardo等名的：里克，瑞克


Rigveda

源自梵語 ऋग्वेद (ṛg-vedá, “赞颂的知识”)，源自ऋच् (ṛ́c, “赞歌”)和वेद (véda, “知识”)。


Röntgen

源自德語 Röntgen。

源自德语的德国姓氏：伦琴，著名人物有Wilhelm Röntgen。


Rus

罗斯人建立的中世纪斯拉夫国家。（尤指基辅罗斯）


-en

形成某些不规则动词的过去分词。日耳曼强变化动词的痕迹。

构成某些名词的复数形。日耳曼弱变化N-词干名词的痕迹。

从形容词或名词构成动词，表示变化。


alma

:源自阿拉伯語口语 عالمة (‘ālima)，最初为阴性形容词，含义为“知识渊博的”；源自阿拉伯语 علم (‘alima)（“知，知道”）。


colonia

缺少地方政府的服务及照管、大多数为贫穷成员组成的「墨西哥及美人社区」


contender

In April 2014, towards the end of Özil’s first season at Arsenal – which had been marked by highs and lows – Wenger predicted the German would be a contender for the player of the year awards in 2014‑15.

2016, David Hytner, Mesut Özil has Arsenal daring to dream of Premier League glory (in The Guardian, 1 January 2016)http://www.theguardian.com/football/blog/2016/jan/01/mesut-ozil-arsenal-premier-league-theo-walcott


estro

With spiro and estro from Vanuatu / What the hell do you think that'll do to you?

从瓦努阿图搞来的螺和补 / 你猜这他妈对你有什么好处？

2019, glass beach （作曲作詞）, “yoshi’s island”, 出自 the first glass beach album:


galleta

一种美国西南部和墨西哥北部的牧草（Hilaria）


grifo

[…] the smoking in cigarettes or pipes of marihuana or grifo. Its use is as demoralizing as the use of narcotics. Smoking grifo is quite prevalent along the Oregon Short Line Railroad; and Idaho has no law to cope with the use and spread […]

1972, United States. Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, Marihuana: a Signal of Misunderstanding，第 484 頁:

The operator was a man who liked to smoke grifo. Just my luck that day, my friend backpack happened to have a good supply of what I needed to sell to him.

2017, Marcelo Mendoza, Robert L. Barnes, El Gato Negro: Escaping Thirteen Deaths, 第 IV 卷，第 657 頁:


guapo

[…] It’s for the guapo,
can't waste time with the diamonds, I’m tryna git swallow

2020年October10日, “Toot That Sh!t Up”, Kai Bandz 作詞，0:47:


huso

一种大型的欧洲鲟鱼，栖息在黑海和里海；鲟属。

多瑙哲罗鱼，一种大型的鲑科鱼类。


jefe

借自西班牙語 jefe (“领导人，老板”)，源自古法語 chief，源自拉丁語 caput。chief、chef、caput、 和 head 的同源對似詞。

长官，头子 （有政治影响力的官员，包括警长等，常指拉丁裔或墨西哥裔）

Antonio Rivera Cabezas was chosen vice-jefe in March 1830.

1887, Hubert Howe Bancroft, History of Central America, History Company，第 153 頁:

before he stepped forward uttering the stereotyped greeting, the Texan had put him down as the jefe or head man....

1898, Southern Pacific Company Passenger Department, Sunset, Sunset Magazines Inc. (1912), pages 313-314

Hilario Saño, a suspect, resident here but much doubted by the jefe local, was put to the test

1900, United States War Department, Annual Reports of the War Department, U.S. Government Printing Office:

“They ain’t going to deliver the cattle across.... They’ve taken too much of a beating as it is. They’ve lost their big jefe and lots of men.”

1982 January, George Durham, Taming the Nueces Strip: The Story of McNelly's Rangers, University of Texas Press，第 120 頁:

When they were slacking off in the mine, for example, and a jefe arrived unexpectedly, they shouted loro (parrot) or fuego (fire) as warning signals.

1998 June, Thomas Miller Klubock, Contested communities: Class, Gender, and Politics in Chile's El Teniente Copper Mine, 1904-1948, Duke University Press，第 147 頁:

A jefe in this sense is a mentor, a person who is often a compadre of the migrant.... In any case, a jefe is not a loan shark

2004 December, Jeffrey Harris Cohen, The Culture of Migration in Southern Mexico, University of Texas Press:

A jefe in this sense refers to a true boss, the leader of the household, also known as Jose Rico.

2005 May, Monica Rico, EMails that Go Nowhere, Google Mail.


lego

乐高（一种儿童积木玩具）


Miami

迈阿密，美国佛罗里达州的城市


pasillo

借自西班牙語 pasillo (字面意思是“走廊”)。


rincón

（山坡南面的）草地，牧场

（山河，悬崖等的）小弯道


serenata

More’s the pity, for this work (technically a serenata) is a little gem, and Aulos polished it to a fine luster.

2007年January25日, James R. Oestreich, “The Shepherd, the Sea Nymph and the Big Rock, Abridged”, 出自 New York Times:


sinusitis

sinusitises (plural)
sinusitides (plural)


sonata

*来自意大利语sonata（sonare的阴性过去分词）；拉丁语sonāre


Tallin

Tallinn的另一種拼寫法


tubular

就词形分析为tubule + -ar。一般认为义项“很棒的”源自冲浪界行话，指“很棒的”浪是那些像管子一样将冲浪者围起来的浪。

more tubular (comparative)
most tubular (superlative)

tubular bell

管子的，和管子有关的，管子制成的

It was such a tubular party, Journal! But a few minutes later, I walked up to the Hermosa Beach Pier and left the girls with my things, thinking the totally bitchin' party would continue. But when I got back, they were all gone.

2007, Brian Laesch, The Verge of Psychosis: An Aspiring Actor's Journal:


mah-jong

mahjong的另一種拼寫法


maria

mare (“月海”) 的複數


chuchotage

/ʃu.ʃəʊˈtɑːʒ/

/ʃu.ʃoʊˈtɑʒ/

耳语同传，耳语传译，耳语口译


perfluoro-

用来描述所有氢原子被氟取代的化合物或基团。


Prof.

The Social at the College of Pharmacy—Profs. Cook and Van Derbeck Lecture.

1883年January10日, The Philadelphia Inquirer, 第 CVIII 卷, Philadelphia, Pa.，第 2 頁，第 4 列:

Profs Zeisler & Pardee / Surgery. / Prof. Morgan

1901, Quarterly Bulletin of Northwestern University Medical School，第 401 頁:

The Profs they lead a jolly life, jolly life, / They’re free from every care and strife, care and strife. / They make the studes, poor studes fall into line; / I wish the Profs’ soft snap were mine.

1920, “Sammy” and “Reck”, “The Profs: A Cornell Forester’s Song”, 出自 Cornell Forester:


utile

more utile (comparative)
most utile (superlative)


abolish

来自晚期中古英語 abolisshen，来自中古法語 abolir，aboliss-（引申词干），来自拉丁語 abolēre (“阻碍，减缓，〈引〉破壞，廢除”)，表始動詞abolēscere (“枯萎，消失，（古典）停止”)，可能来自ab (“自，離，遠離”) + *olēre (“增加，增長”)，后者只见于复合词。

Slavery was abolished in the nineteenth century.

奴隸制在19世紀被廢除。

2002, William Schabas, The abolition of the death penalty in international law, Cambridge University Press, title:


Aboriginal

:1650, 1698年始用于指欧洲国家殖民地地区的原住民。1820–29年始用于指澳洲原住民。源自 aborigine (1540–50) + -al，aborigine 则是由复数 aborigines 逆产生得到。aborigines 为拉丁语源，古典时曾指意大利和希腊的原住民，有“原住民”、“城市建立者”之意；可能源自 ab origine（自始）。


Aboriginal

（澳洲）土著的，原住民的