high

高点，高潮，顶点 （尤指一天内的）最高气温

It was one of the highs of his career.

那是他生涯的几个亮点之一。

Inflation reached a ten-year high.

通胀率达到10年以来的高点。

South Korea has reached a new high in a kind of air pollution measured in fine dust.
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 （美国）音频： (檔案)

2019, VOA Learning English (public domain)

Today's high was 32 °C.

今天的最高气温是32°C。

They will have to reflect on a seventh successive defeat in a European final while Chelsea try to make sense of an eccentric season rife with controversy and bad feeling but once again one finishing on an exhilarating high.

2013, Daniel Taylor, Chelsea's Branislav Ivanovic climbs highest to sink Benfica (in The Guardian, 15 May 2013)http://www.guardian.co.uk/football/2013/may/15/benfica-chelsea-europa-league

That pill gave me a high for a few hours, before I had a comedown.

那个药让我兴奋了几个小时，然后就开始感到失落。

No sooner has a [synthetic] drug been blacklisted than chemists adjust their recipe and start churning out a subtly different one. These “legal highs” are sold for the few months it takes the authorities to identify and ban them, and then the cycle begins again.

2013年August10日, “A new prescription”, 出自 The Economist, 第 408 卷, 第 8848 期:

A large high is centred on the Azores.

亚速尔群岛聚集了一大片反气旋地区。

（抽到或发到的）最大的牌


high

源自中古英語 high、heigh、heih，源自古英語 hēah (“高的，高耸的，高级的，上层的，杰出的，高傲的，深邃的”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *hauh (“高”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *hauhaz (“高”)，源自原始印歐語 *kewk- (“升”)。
与低地蘇格蘭語 heich (“高的”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 hooch (“高的”)、西弗里斯蘭語 heech (“高的”)、荷蘭語 hoog (“高的”)、低地德語 hoog (“高的”)、德語 hoch (“高的”)、瑞典語 hög (“高的”)、挪威語 høy (“高的”)、冰島語 hár (“高的”)、立陶宛語 kaukas (“肿块，疮”)、俄語 ку́ча (kúča, “摞，沓”)同源。

The sun higheth.


high

源自中古英語 hiȝe、huȝe、huiȝe、huie、hige，源自古英語 hyġe (“想法，心理，心，倾向，意图，勇气，自豪”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *hugi，源自原始日耳曼語 *hugiz (“感受”)，词源不详。与北弗里斯蘭語 huwggje (“精神，感受”)、中古低地德語 höge、hoge (“想法，含义，心情，愉快”)、中古高地德語 hüge、huge、hoge (“心理，记忆”)、丹麥語 hu (“心理”)、瑞典語 håg (“倾向，意愿”)、冰島語 hugur (“心理”)同源。与Hugh有关。


alumnus

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 alumnus (“养子，养女，被养育者”)。


dawn

dawning 的逆構詞。可追溯至 原始日耳曼语 *dagaz （“天，日”）。

天亮，（一天或一个时期）开始


welcome

源自中古英語 welcome、wolcume、wulcume、wilcume，源自古英語 wilcuma （“受欢迎的宾客”，亦对比 wilcume (“欢迎！”, 叹词)），源自原始西日耳曼語 *willjakwemō，源自原始日耳曼語 *wiljakwemô (“期望的现身或宾客”)，可能源自*wiljakwemaną (“受欢迎”)，等价于will (“希望”) + come (“到达，来临，光临”)。该词下半部分的“宾客”一意不再为人所理解后，其中的wil-被替换为了wel-，可能是受到了副词well的影响。同源词包括低地蘇格蘭語 walcome、西弗里斯蘭語 wolkom、荷蘭語 welkom（早期形式willecome）、德語 willkommen、德國低地德語 willkamen、丹麥語 velkommen、書面挪威語 velkommen、新挪威語 velkomen、velkommen、瑞典語 välkommen、冰島語 velkominn、法羅語 vælkomin和古法語 wilecome（→中古法語 willecomme (“欢迎”)），源自日耳曼语族。
动词繼承自中古英語 welcomen、wolcumen、wilcumen，源自古英語 wellcumian、wylcumian、wilcumian (“欢迎”)。
类似构式亦出现于罗曼语族内，例如意大利語 benvenuto、西班牙語 bienvenido, 法語 bienvenu、加泰羅尼亞語 benvingut、葡萄牙語 bem-vindo和羅馬尼亞語 bun venit，意为“[希望您经历了]顺利的[旅途]到达[这里]”。它们并非派生自古典拉丁语词根（因为拉丁语中找不到类似的构式），而考虑到历史上日耳曼王国取代了西罗马帝国，其应该是从某日耳曼语族语言仿译进入了原始罗曼语（通俗拉丁语，见拉丁語 *bene venūtus；至于历史上类似的仿译，对比*perdōnō和compāniō）。

more welcome (comparative)
most welcome (superlative)

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

a welcome visitor

Refugees welcome to education!

When the glad soul is made Heaven's welcome guest.

1782, William Cowper, The Progress of Error

a welcome present;  welcome news

好礼（亦可能是“见面礼”）  好消息

You are welcome to the use of my library.

欢迎你随时使用我的图书馆。


welcome

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大


welcome

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

We entered the house and found a ready welcome.

我们进到房子里，发现大家已经准备好迎接我们了。

the warmest welcome at an inn

1735, William Shenstone, Written at an inn at Henley

The townspeople crossed freely from bank to bank, and it stayed that way until breakup in March or April or, in years when winter outstayed its welcome, maybe even May.

1992, Dana Stabenow, A Cold Day for Murder, →ISBN，第 42 頁:


welcome

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

標準英音，通用美式，加拿大

But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud,[…]。By the time we reached the house we were thanking our stars she had come. Mrs. Cooke came out from under the port-cochere to welcome her.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年）, Winston Churchill, 章號 5, 出自 The Celebrity: An Episode, 紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

We welcome suggestions for improvement.

CPS MerseyCheshire welcomes the jailing of Helen Dove who conned her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed. Kimberley McDonnell lost around £50,000 because of the fraudster.

2020年January29日, “Woman jailed for conning her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed”, 出自 CPS Mersey-Cheshire, London: Crown Prosecution Service, retrieved 2020-04-02:

Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Lu Kang welcomed cooperation with South Korea.
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milk

源自中古英語 milk、mylk、melk、mulc，源自古英語 meolc、meoluc (“奶”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *meluks，源自原始印歐語 *h₂melǵ-。
同源词
与西弗里斯蘭語 molke、荷蘭語 melk、下薩克森荷蘭語 melk、德語 Milch、德國低地德語 Melk、意第緒語 מילך (milkh)、丹麥語 mælk、書面挪威語 mjølk、melk、新挪威語 mjølk、瑞典語 mjölk、冰島語 mjólk、法羅語 mjólk、阿爾巴尼亞語 mjel (“挤奶”)、波蘭語 mleko、俄語 молоко́ (molokó)、威爾士語 blith、吐火羅語A malke、立陶宛語 malkas和拉脫維亞語 malks同源。也可能和古希臘語 μέλκιον (mélkion)同源。

m*lk

植物乳，（植物的）白色乳汁

mylk

植物乳，（植物的）白色乳汁

non-dairy milk

植物乳，（植物的）白色乳汁

plant milk

植物乳，（植物的）白色乳汁

Skyr is a product made of curdled milk.

[…] there's going to be that much less milk available to cover any other uses. Which means whether it's liquid milk or whether it's [milk that's been turned into] cheese or yogurt, the price gets pulled up right across the board.

2007 September 24, Chris Horseman (interviewee), Emily Harris (reporter), “Global Dairy Demand Drives Up Prices”, Morning Edition, National Public Radio

In the West it's' fairly normal to drink milk in various forms into adulthood.

2017, Adam Rutherford, A Brief History of Everyone Who Ever Lived, The Experiment, →ISBN，第 75 頁:

植物乳，（植物的）白色乳汁

Where it does fall down, however, is its nutritional value. While oats are largely a healthy grain to include in your diet, the milk is highly diluted with water, giving it little nutritional value.

2018年September16日, Alexandra Spring, “'Milk' mania: why most alternatives aren't great – but camel milk just might be”, 出自 The Guardian:

For environmentally minded consumers, the news is hard to swallow: almond milk is not healthy for the planet and the popular milk substitute is especially hard on bees.

2020年January29日, Annette McGivney, “Almonds are out. Dairy is a disaster. So what milk should we drink?”, 出自 The Guardian:

The guests at table three ordered three glasses of milk.

（加到茶、咖啡等的一份）奶

I take my tea with two milk(s) and two sugar.

我给我的茶配两份奶两份糖。

She just sat there drinking cup after cup of strong coffee, with two milks and two sugars.

2014, Don Eggspuehler, Teachings 源自Pop, Author House (ISBN 9781496907202), page 459:

Five minutes later, he returned with Justin's large coffee with two milk and two sweeteners and a black coffee for himself.

2015, Carolyn Arnold, City of Gold: (Mathew Connor Adventure Series Book 1), Hibbert & Stiles Publishing Inc. (ISBN 9781988353043)

Mrs. Dale huffed up to the counter and fired her battle-axe stare at the attendant. “One medium tea. ... Two double-doubles, and one with two milk and two sweeteners.”

2019, Maggie Blackbird, Redeemed: The Matawapit Family Series, #1, eXtasy Books (ISBN 9781487424558), page 349:

She placed on her desk a brown paper bag; it held her breakfast, cream cheese on a toasted bagel and coffee with two milks and one sugar.

2020, John Mitton, Tedmund and the Murdered Heiress, Page Publishing, Inc (ISBN 9781645846505)


milk

源自中古英語 milken，源自古英語 melcan，源自原始日耳曼語 *melkaną，最终源自原始印歐語 *h₂melǵ-，和上方名词相同的词干。对比荷蘭語和德語 melken、丹麥語 malke、挪威語 mjølke，以及拉丁語 mulgeō (“挤奶”)、古希臘語 ἀμέλγω (amélgō, “挤奶”)、阿爾巴尼亞語 mjel (“挤奶”)、俄語 молоко́ (molokó)、立陶宛語 mélžti、吐火羅語A mālk-。

masturbate

榨精，尤指仅为自己的快感给男性行手淫

The farmer milked his cows.

I haue giuen Sucke, and know / How tender 'tis to loue the Babe that milkes me[…]

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vii]，第 135 頁，第 2 列:

to milk wholesome milk from healthy cows

从...（任何生物）挤出（任何液体）

过度使用；压榨，榨取；趁机榨取

When the audience began laughing, the comedian milked the joke for more laughs.

观众开始笑时，喜剧演员想从笑话中强行获得更多笑声。

They [the lawyers] milk an unfortunate estate as regularly as a dairyman does his stock.

July 21, 1877, "The Block in the Courts" in The Spectator

If nothing else, José Mourinho can be grateful there was no mutiny. He still heard his name being sung and at the final whistle Old Trafford was not too unkind on the manager or his players. He milked it, too, marching over to the Stretford End to thank them for their generosity.

2018年August27日, Daniel Taylor, “Lucas Moura double for Spurs deepens gloom at Manchester United”, 出自 The Guardian (London):

（充电最后阶段时）冒出气泡

榨精，尤指仅为自己的快感给男性行手淫

Controlled milking can actually establish and consolidate a mistress’ dominance over her sub rather than diminish it.

:Template:rfquote-sense


our

:< 中古英語 oure < 古英語 ūre, ūser （“our”） < 原始日耳曼语 *unseraz （“我们的”） < 原始印欧语 *no-s-ero- （“我们的”）。 与西弗里斯兰语 us （“我们的”）、低地德语 uns （“我们的”）、荷兰语 onze （“我们的”）、德语 unser （“我们的”）、丹麦语 vor （“我们的”）同源。

（we 的所有格）我们的

（国王用语，代替 my）朕的，我的

（表示谈话双方已知的，或不便明说的）那件事，那个人


Sinkiang

源自官话 新疆 (Xīnjiāng)。

新疆（Xinjiang的另一种写法）


Cambodia

源自法语 Cambodge 和葡萄牙语 Camboja。派生自中古高棉语 Kambuja (现代高棉语 កម្ពុជា (kâmpŭchéa))。最初起源于梵语 काम्बोज (kāmboja, 印度教经文中提到的一个部落名)。

柬埔寨（东南亚国家）。正式名称:柬埔寨王国。


Pacific

源自拉丁語 pācificus (“带来和平的”)，麦哲伦在驶过合恩角得以平安地渡过太平洋，因此他如此命名这片海洋。

When our last plenary session was held in November of last year the Pacific was threatened with imminent outbreak of war. Since the subsequent beginning of the Japanese campaign of aggression in that ocean, China, in the company of her allies, has become the most important member of the forces fighting on the continent of East Asia.

1942 [1942年October22日], Kai-shek Chiang, “Endurance, conscientiousness”, 出自 All We Are and All We Have, New York: Chinese News Service, →OCLC，第 45 頁:

自治市名，位於美国密苏里州富兰克林县。


Pacific

蒸汽机车的4-6-2车轮配置


Morocco

早期拼写 Marocco，源自西班牙语 Marruecos 或葡萄牙语 Marrocos，中世纪拉丁语 Marrochium， 源自摩洛哥曾经的首都马拉喀什（Marrakech，英语 Marrakech的来源）。（对比波斯语和乌尔都语مراکش (marâkeš)，中东阿拉伯语مراكش (marraakush) ，土耳其语 Fas，源自Fas (“Fez”，非斯)，摩洛哥的另一个首都）Marrakech 是柏柏尔语 Murt n Akush (“神的土地”)的转写。

摩洛哥，西北非沿海国家。官方名称：摩洛哥王国


Czech Republic

/ˈtʃɛk ɹɪˈpʌblɪk/


angle

角度
正體： 角［電子計算機］


anarchism

/ˈænəɹˌkɪzəm/


Maldives

义为"马累群岛",源自其主岛马累岛,后接 -diva, -dive（"岛"）,可能和梵语 द्वीप (dvīpa) （"岛"）相关。

马尔代夫（南亚岛国）。正式名称:马尔代夫共和国。


Mongol

蒙古语 монгол (mongol)的罗马字转写。

（过时，今用法较粗鲁）（通常形式为mongol）唐氏综合征的患者。

属于（在十三世纪入侵欧洲的）中亚草原游牧民族的人。

美国加州蒙古人摩托车俱乐部的成员。


faubourg

By the time that I was quite clear of the city's unlovely faubourgs and purlieus I needed petrol: the Silver Ghost is a lovely car but its best friend would have to admit that its m.'s per g. are few.

1973, Kyril Bonfiglioli, Don't Point That Thing at Me., Penguin, 出版於 2001，第 81 頁:


fervent

:< 中古英語 < 古法語 < 拉丁語 fervens —— fervere （“煮沸，灼热”）的现在分词。

more fervent (comparative)
most fervent (superlative)


festival

:< 晚期拉丁語 fēstīvālis < 拉丁語 fēstīvus （“节日的”）。

more festival (comparative)
most festival (superlative)


festival

（音乐、戏剧、电影等的）会演，节


fiancé

借自法語 fiancé。

West said that she was proud of their relationship and is looking forward to meeting his fiancé.

2009, B. R. Laine, Tales from Suffolk County，第 107 頁:

He could not bear to think about the idea that his fiancé could die in their dream home where they had shared so many unforgettable moments together.

2018, Christina J. Easley -, Disaster Free Survivor Strikes Back: Storms of Love & Loss, →ISBN，第 163 頁:

Matt called his fiancé and told her to come to the office.

2018, T. K. Kohl, Quest of the Staff and the Sword, →ISBN，第 153 頁:


fiancée

借自法語 fiancée。


fibre

（人或动物身体组织及天然物质的）纤维


fin

* 正體: 翼片[電機工程]
* 简体: 鳍[动物学]
* 正體: 鰭[動物學]
* 正體: 散熱片[電子計算機]


firmament

The firmament (sense 1) or sky.
One version of the Ptolemaic system of celestial spheres, with the firmament (indicated in Latin as Firmamentu[m]; sense 3) shown as the eighth heaven
源自中古英語 firmament、furmament (“天空”)，源自古法語 firmament (“天空”)，或源自其词源拉丁語 firmāmentum (“支撑；天空”)，源自firmāre (“增强，强化”) + -mentum (表示手段、媒介，或某个动作的结果的后缀)。firmāre是firmō (“使...稳固，固化”)的现在主动不定式，源自firmus (“稳固的，稳定的”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *dʰer- (“支撑”)。
拉丁语词用于《圣经》的武加大译本中，用于翻译七十士译本（希腊语的《旧约圣经》）中的古希臘語 στερέωμα (steréōma, “框架，基础；天空”)一词，该希腊语词又用于翻译希伯來語 רָקִיעַ (rāqī́aʿ, “天穹”)，源自词根ר־ק־ע (r-q-`)，在古典叙利亚语中的相似词根ܪ-ܩ-ܥ (r-q-ʿ)（与“压紧”有关）派生出ܪܩܝܥܐ (rəqīʿā, “固实的，稳固的；天空，天穹”)。

Now to ye all, be firmaments to ſtars, / Be ſtars to Firmaments, and as you are / Splendent, ſo be fixed, not wandring, nor / Irregular, both keeping courſe together, [...]

1609, Everie VVoman in Her Humor, London: […] E[dward] A[llde] for Thomas Archer, […], →OCLC; reprinted as John S. Farmer 編, Every Woman in Her Humor (The Tudor Facsimile Texts), [Amersham, Buckinghamshire]: [John S. Farmer] […], 1913, →OCLC:

And God ſaid, Let there be a firmament in the midſt of the waters: and let it diuide the waters from the waters. And God made the firmament; and diuided the waters, which were under the firmament, from the waters, which were aboue the firmament: and it was ſo. And God called the firmament, Heauen: and the euening and the morning were the ſecond day.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 1:6–8:

[W]hat if all / Her ſtores were op'n'd, and this Firmament / Of Hell ſhould ſpout her Cataracts of Fire, [...]

1667, John Milton, “Book II”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，第 174–175 行s:

And far above the gentle moon sails on / Through the blue firmament. It is a scene / That gives that spot of earth the air of Heav'n!

1825 January, H. G. B., “The Bride of Parma”, 出自 The Edinburgh Magazine, and Literary Miscellany; […], 第 XVI 卷, Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Company, →OCLC，第 68 頁，第 2 列:

Some of his [Confucius's] philosophical principles are, [...] that the cause or principle of things must have had a co-existence with the things themselves; [...] and that the central point of influence，源自which this cause chiefly acts, is the blue firmament (tien), whence its emanations are spread over the universe; [...] the sun, moon, stars, and elements, are considered also as composing the firmament, or Teen, as the immediate agents of the Deity, and as the productive powers in creation.

1831, James Bell, “[Chinese Empire.] Chapter IV.”, 出自 A System of Geography, Popular and Scientific, […], 第 V 卷, Glasgow: Archibald Fullarton and Co. and Blackie and Son; […], →OCLC，第 34 頁:

On its far side, on the very horizon of the world, stood purple mountains, so tall and sharp that they bridged the firmaments.

2001 December, J. Robert King, “Who are We?”, 出自 Brian Thomsen 編, Lancelot du Lethe, New York, N.Y.: Tor Books, →ISBN，第 229 頁:

The feeling I dread the most is not fear but despair—the dim, oppressive sense that the more things change, the more they stay the same; that each of us with a frozen heart "like an old-stone savage armed" will continue to move in darkness, lifting boulders, patrolling the firmaments of divisive anger.

2002, Barbara Kingsolver, “Small Wonder”, 出自 Small Wonder: Essays, New York, N.Y.: HarperCollins, 出版於 2009, →ISBN:

[...] 'The Morning Star' and 'The Evening Star' have the same celestial object as Bedeutung, but present that object in different ways, perhaps in one case as the object that appears in such and such a place in the morning firmament and in the other as the object that appears in such and such a place in the evening firmament.

2013, Alexander Miller, “The Development of Theories of Meaning: From Frege to McDowell and Beyond”, 出自 Michael Beaney 編, The Oxford Handbook of the History of Analytic Philosophy, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, part II (The Development of Analytic Philosophy)，第 658 頁:

界，圈 （某个活动或利益的圈子）

the international fashion firmament

Europe dominated foreign policy concerns, followed by the Near East and China, where General George C[atlett] Marshall tried, in vain, to mediate a civil war. Japan glowed dimly in the foreign policy firmament.

1997, Michael Schaller, “Japan: From Enemy to Ally, 1945–50”, 出自 Altered States: The United States and Japan since the Occupation, New York, N.Y., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, →ISBN，第 7 頁:

By this time, Seaford was a town of 2,000 people, and, in the next decade, the poultry industry became a rising star in the firmament of economic growth as new housing and feeding techniques were introduced.

1999, Shannon Wiley, “Introduction”, 出自 Seaford, Delaware (Images of America), Charleston, S.C.: Arcadia Publishing, 出版於 2001, →ISBN，第 8 頁:

She [Anna Pavlova] provided articulate, well-thought-out and educational interviews and articles from her first appearances in which she would lay out her life story, the course of her training, the place of ballet in the European and Russian artistic firmaments.

2008, Adrienne L. McLean, “A Channel for Progress: Theatrical Dance, Popular Culture, and (The) American Ballet”, 出自 Dying Swans and Madmen: Ballet, the Body, and Narrative Cinema, New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, →ISBN，第 40 頁:

[B]etweene the ſphere of Saturne and the Firmament, there is ſuch an incredible and vaſt ſpace or diſtance (7000000. ſemidiameters of the earth, as Tycho [Brahe] calculates) void of ſtarres: [...]

1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Ayre Rectified. With a Digression of the Ayre.”, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed [by Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 3，第 254 頁:

The World Cœlestial. Containing 11 Sphæres or Heavens, ſay the Theologians and Aſtronomers. [...] Theſe are called the Primum Mobile, the Chriſtaline Heaven, the Firmament adorned with the Fixed Stars, and the Heavens of the Seven Planets.

1715, H[enry] Curson, “A Cosmographical Introduction to the Geographical Description of the World”, 出自 A New Description of the World. […], 2nd版, […] Benj[amin] Barker, […], →OCLC:

Praiſe ye the Lord。Praiſe God in his Sanctuarie: Praiſe him in the firmament of his power.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalm 150:1，第 1 列:

Pins tipt with Diamond Point, and head, / By which the Curls are faſtened, / In radiant Firmament ſet out, / And all over the Hood ſur-tout: [...]

1690, [Mary Evelyn], “A Voyage to Marryland; or, The Ladies Dressing-room”, 出自 [John Evelyn] 編, Mundus Muliebris: Or, The Ladies Dressing-room Unlock’d, and Her Toilette Spread. […], London: […] R[ichard] Bentley […], →OCLC; reprinted Saint Peter Port, Guernsey: The Toucan Press, 1978, →ISBN，第 7 頁:

Firmament. Diamonds, or other precious Stones heading the Pins which they stick into the Tour, and Hair, like Stars.

[1690, [Mary Evelyn], “The Fop-dictionary. […]”, 出自 [John Evelyn] 編, Mundus Muliebris: Or, The Ladies Dressing-room Unlock’d, and Her Toilette Spread. […], London: […] R[ichard] Bentley […], →OCLC; reprinted Saint Peter Port, Guernsey: The Toucan Press, 1978, →ISBN，第 18 頁:

Ten years ago, the Wall Street wirehouse brokerage firm seemed unassailable – part of the very firmament underpinning the entire investment industry from coast to coast.

2012年January25日, Josh Brown, “Perhaps I’ve Been a Bit too Harsh …”, 出自 Wealth Manager Blog, The Wall Street Journal，於2013-12-08歸檔自原頁面:


fisc

源自法語 fisc，源自拉丁語 fiscus (“篮子，钱袋，国库”)，参见fiscal。

When they had resolved to appropriate to the Fisc, a certain portion of the landed property of their conquered country, it was their business to render their bank a real fund of credit […].

1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France，第 340 頁:


fluorescent

more fluorescent (comparative)
most fluorescent (superlative)

/ˌflʊəˈɹɛsənt/

The fluorescent plants shimmered in the darkness.

发荧光的植物在黑暗中弱弱地发光。

The quality of fluorescent lighting technology has improved dramatically in recent years.

荧光技术的质量在近年来得到了很大的进展。

Her shirt was fluorescent orange.


fluorescent

/ˌflʊəˈɹɛsənt/

The fluorescents hummed day and night.


fossé

沟，坑道 （17-19世纪）

The Major then went with me and Euphemia (Victoria staying at the inn) and showed us what is called the Ditch, being the fossé and ruinous banks of the old castle […] 。

1792, James Boswell, in Danziger & Brady (eds.), Boswell: The Great Biographer (Journals 1789–1795), Yale 1989, p. 165:

I saw him tied up between two boards, by way of the coffin, which was to be provided by contract; and deposited in the fossé that surrounded our prison […]。

1792, Charlotte Smith, Desmond, Broadview, 出版於 2001，第 146 頁:


foulard

The Empress and the little Grand Duchess wore simple suits of foulard (or foulard silk, I don't know which is proper,) with a small blue spot in it […]

A lot of foulard tie bulged out and was rain-spotted above his crossed lapels.

1939, Raymond Chandler, The Big Sleep, Penguin, 出版於 2011，第 176 頁:

"Frammis on the Antispode": The doubletalk heading this paragraph takes the sting out of Mr. Ruark's comment, even if his gay colored foulard Sinatra bow tie didn't contradict his comment[.]

软绸缎服饰，软绸缎手巾 （自19世纪）


foule

more foule (comparative)
most foule (superlative)

The Patron of true Holinesse
 foule Errour doth defeate;
 Hypocrisie him to entrappe
 doth to his home entreate.

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book I, Canto I”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


francophone

/ˈfɹæŋkɒfəʊn/


francophone

/ˈfɹæŋkɒfəʊn/


fromage

(不常用) cheese (“奶酪”)之同義詞

It will be necessary to premise, that there is but little difference in the manner of making fromages; they only vary in the taste; so that, by recurring to this number, it will be impossible ever to commit a mistake.[…]Continue to whip it over ice, till you perceive that the isinglass is well melted and blended with the mixture; then put the fromage into a mould, round which you heap a large quantity of ice with salt.[…]N. B.—Fromages require but very little isinglass.[…]The author here closes the list of creams and fromages, although their number is immense.

1836, Louis Eustache Ude, “Fromages or Cheeses, or Iced Bavarian Cheeses”, 出自 The French Cook, a System of Fashionable and Economical Cookery, Adapted to the Use of English Families, 13th版, London: Ebers and Co., […]，第 366–369 頁s:

How cheerful and contented they were in the Bow over the meals which Mrs. Crichton viewed with such pity and contempt,—the bouilli, the salad, the fragrant coffee finely concocted, the home-made bread, the thick preserves, the fromage still of goats’ milk.

1860, [Henrietta Keddie], “Lady Somerville’s Maidens”, 出自 Norman Macleod 編, Good Words for 1860, London: Alexander Strahan and Co., […], part III，第 490 頁，第 2 列:

He went straight through the bill of fare, omitting nothing, not even the fromage, which disagreed with him generally,[…]

Soak an ounce of gelatine in half pint of cold water half an hour; press a quart of ripe strawberries through a flour sieve fine enough to prevent the seeds from going through; add a cup of pulverized sugar and a few drops of cochineal to give it color, and the gelatine dissolved in hot water or over the teakettle; set the pan containing the mixture in another pan containing chopped ice; stir until it begins to thicken, then beat in rapidly a pint of whipped cream; line a mould with lady fingers, then fill with the fromage.

1899, Mrs. B. F. Head, “Strawberry Fromage”, 出自 The New Century Cook Book: Compiled from Recipes Contributed by Ladies of Chicago and Other Cities and Towns, […]，第 249 頁:

MOUSE: I had just moved to California—for the cheese—when a casting agent spotted me and said I was perfect for the lead in Mouse Hunt. They offered me all the fromage I could eat, but I never dreamed I’d get the chance to work with my favorite funny human, Nathan Lane。

2001, Betty Jo Tucker, Confessions of a Movie Addict, Hats Off Books, →ISBN，第 39 頁:

At Artisanal, diners can linger in the fromage “cave,” a clean, fluorescent space filled with iridescent wheels of Flixer (from Switzerland), Harbourne Blue (from England), and Drunken Goat (from Spain).

“If you’re a turophile”, “paradise” awaits at Terrence Brennan’s Murray Hill bistro, where the “bountiful” retail counter is “the ultimate” “showcase” of “fragrant”, “scary-delicious” fromage in a 250-strong “worldwide assortment” that’s stocked on-site in carefully calibrated caves;[…]“Very popular” for its raw-milk and hormone-free cheeses created by a “dedicated” Colchester, CT, producer, this Greenmarket vendor’s “exceptional” artisanal fromages include “breathtakingly lovely cheddar”, “tangy blue”, “pungent, flavorful” washed-rind ‘hooligan’ and “earthy” ‘womanchego’, all dispensed by a “knowledgeable” crew;[…]play of “quaint” kitchen curios side-by-side with “fabulous” fromages, leading to “great finds” both edible and collectible;[…]Widely considered “the gold standard of cheese in NY”, this Village “wonderland” boasts an “astounding” assortment of “premium” “artisanal and seasonal” fromages “from all over the map”, with “congenial” “experts” on staff dispensing advice and taste tests;[…]“Many a new cheese lover will emerge” from this “boutique”-like Essex Street Market stall, which honors “the finest in American-made”, “small-farm” fromages with its 30-plus “artisanal” offerings (“expect the unusual here”) paired with “fresh-baked breads” from Sullivan Street Bakery;[…]Say “cheese” - this site carries the best of Northeastern-produced handcrafted foods, including 80-plus varieties of “delicious” farmstead fromages, some “undiscovered” gems among them,[…]

2008, Carol Diuguid 編, Zagat New York City Gourmet Shopping & Entertaining 2009, Zagat Survey, →ISBN:


fugue

* 借自法語 fugue，来自意大利語 fuga，自拉丁語 fuga (“迅速离开”)，源自fugiō (“to flee”)；对比古希臘語 φυγή (phugḗ)。


funeste

more funeste (comparative)
most funeste (superlative)

funest的另一種寫法


fusillade

借自法語 fusillade，源自fusiller (“射击”)，源自fusil (“枪械”)

But her husband was on his hands and knees groping wildly on the floor in search of the paw. If he could only find it before the thing outside got in. A perfect fusillade of knocks reverberated through the house, and he heard the scraping of a chair as his wife put it down in the passage against the door.


facial

一种专注于演员面部表情的早期无声电影。

（俚语）一个球员击打另一个球员的犯规动作。


facile

:< 中古法語 facile < 拉丁語 facilis （“容易的，简单的”） < facere （“做”）。

more facile (comparative)
most facile (superlative)


factice

硫化非饱和植物或动物油（用于橡胶中）

Although factice is, strictly speaking, not a plasticizer, being added to mixes for a whole range of reasons including the improvement of dimensional stability and rigidity of unsupported articles in hot air cures, the improvement of surface finish and electrical insulation, it does nevertheless act as a softener, improving filler dispersion and decreasing the energy requirements of mixing.

1999, M.J. Loadman, Analysis of Rubber and Rubber-like Polymers，第 56 頁:


gay

gayer (comparative)
gayest (superlative)


ganglion

/ˈɡæŋɡli.ən/


garage

/ˈɡæɹɑː(d)ʒ/

英國，澳大利亞，新西蘭，南非，印度

/ɡəˈɹɑː(d)ʒ/


gâteau

gateau的另一種寫法


Gibraltar

源自西班牙語 Gibraltar，源自阿拉伯語 جَبَل طَارِق (jabal ṭāriq, “塔里克山”)，以於公元711年帶領奧瑪亞征服西班牙的將軍塔里克·伊本·齊亞德命名。取代了拉丁語 Mons Calpe (“卡爾佩山”)與Columnae Herculis，后者源自古希臘語 Ἡράκλειαι στῆλαι (Hērákleiai stêlai, “海格力斯之柱”)

/d͡ʒɪˈbɹɔːltə(ɹ)/

/d͡ʒɪˈbɹɒltə(ɹ)/


glacier

借自法語 glacier，源自法蘭克-普羅旺斯語 glacier，派生自glace + -ier，派生自通俗拉丁語 *glacia，源自*glacies (“冰”)，源自原始印歐語 *gel- (“使变冷；使冰冻”)。

They warned that the effects of glacier melting on water resources are becoming “increasingly serious” for China.

他們警告稱，冰川融化對中國水資源的影響正“日益嚴重”。


trans

【trans-】：转移、变换；


palabra

借自西班牙語 palabra (“词语”)。parable 的同源對似詞。

:Template:rfquote-sense


dress

可数名词，连衣裙。例：Amy and Mary looked very pretty in their dresses.


gorge

將喉嚨塞滿食物；大量、貪心地吃。[接 on]

They gorged themselves on chocolate and cake.


graduation

/ˌɡɹædʒuˈeɪʃən/


gratis

借自拉丁语gratis。


gratis

借自拉丁语gratis。


clave

cleave 的過去式和過去分詞

Sir Launcelot put his shield afore him, and put the stroke away of the one giant, and with his sword he clave his head asunder.

1868, Thomas Malory, 章號 11, 出自 Le Morte D'Arthur:

Suddenly a peal of thunder, resonant even above the din of the swinish revelry, clave the very roof and laid a hush of feat upon the boisterous company.


clave

来自西班牙語 clave，自拉丁語 clāvis (“key”)。clef 的同源對似詞。


typhoon

有英语文献在至晚16世纪50年代将typhon、tiphon记载为希腊语词，意为“旋风”，指的是古希臘語 τυφῶν (tuphôn)、τυφώς (tuphṓs, “旋风”)（后者自埃斯库罗斯起可考）、Τυφῶν (Tuphôn, “堤丰，风之父”)。（法語 typhon (“旋风”)自1504年起可考。)）
然而，其作为英语词首次用来指代“旋风”、“风暴”可追溯到1588年，作Touffon，特指“太平洋的大型风暴”。该词义在16世纪中叶首次出现于欧洲，为葡萄牙語 tufão（至晚1560年起可考），由此进入英语。葡萄牙水手们多半从阿拉伯語 طُوفَان (ṭūfān)学来该词（对比波斯語 طوفان (tufân)、印地語 तूफ़ान (tūfān)），且部分该词的英语词形（如tufan）似乎直接派生自该阿拉伯语词。
有说法认为阿拉伯语词源自漢語族 大風／大风（官話 dàfēng、粵語 daai6 fung1 /taːi̯²² fʊŋ⁵⁵/、客家語 thai-fûng /tʰai̯⁵⁵ fuŋ²⁴/），一些诸如tyfoong, tyfung的英语词形源自汉语或受到了其影响。然而，阿拉伯语词可能是完全的纯闪米特语族词，源自原生词干ط و ف (ṭ-w-f)，指旋转的风，或者可能其派生自希腊语。（部分文献甚至认为其源自希腊语，经由阿拉伯语进入汉语，再回借回阿拉伯语，再回到欧洲。）该词多年来受到了希腊语词的影响。

tufan

阿拉伯语、波斯语或印地/乌尔都语由来


étude

etude的另一種拼寫法


rock

岩石。所有組成部分地殼的礦物聚集體。它可以是組織鬆散的砂、黏土或泥，也可以是實體堅固的花崗岩、石灰岩或煤。 (來源：CED)


piano

pianoforte的缩短形式，源自意大利語 pianoforte，源自piano (“柔的”) + forte (“强的”)。与以大键琴为代表的早期键盘乐器不同，钢琴能够按音符发出范围很宽的响度，故名。llano、plain、 和 plane 的同源對似詞。

The piano in his house takes up a lot of space.

他房子里的钢琴很占地方。

She has been taking lessons for many years and now plays piano very well.

她上了很多年的课，现在钢琴弹得非常好。

同類詞：cembalo、clavichord、fortepiano、harpsichord、organ、synthesizer、synth


piano

Anyhow I pianoed to my own ear, and had no thought at that time for an audience.

1967, Harry F. Chaplin, A McCrae Miscellany，第 41 頁:

Who comforted me with Madeleines and lime tea, with whipped cream in my cocoa in far off Ann Arbor while others selfishly fiddled, bassooned, pianoed only for their own ugly self-advancement!

1978, Bertha Harris, Confessions of Cherubino，第 96 頁:

John Ashbery, Kenneth Koch, Arnold Weinstein, and others came to the house, taping their poems as I pianoed and zithered and drummed away.

2008, John Gruen, Callas Kissed Me...Lenny Too!，第 138 頁:

We guitared and drummed and head banged and pianoed.

像弹钢琴一样快速上下移动手指

He just stared at her, leaned back in his chair and pianoed his fingers along the tablecloth.

2013, Ann Blair Kloman, A Diamond to Die For，第 29 頁:

“Jean, it ain't right how you separated those two,” he said, and pianoed the little coffin with his fingers, tapping out his grievance.

2017, Kim Michele Richardson, The Sisters of Glass Ferry:

The superintendent pianoed his fingers on the surface of a nearby desk.

Holly pianoed her fingers over her throat.

Other buildings will also be erected and pianoed by the same architect.

1889, The Engineering Record, Building Record and Sanitary Engineer，第 128 頁:

A tabernacle has been built, burnt, rebuilt, electric lighted, organed, pianoed, and frequently filled — all during the last two years.

1892, The Japan Daily Mail - Volume 18，第 772 頁:


piano

源自意大利語 piano。

轻奏地，轻柔地（活页乐谱中略作“p.”）（自17世纪）


piano

源自意大利語 piano。

more piano (comparative)
most piano (superlative)

‘Tradecraft, Chris,’ Enderby put in, who liked his bit of jargon, and Martindale, still piano, shot him a glance of admiration.

1977, John Le Carré, The Honourable Schoolboy, Folio Society 2010, page 160:


piano

源自意大利語 piano。

“You know, Mrs. Wrigglechops,” pianoed Miss Drucilla , even more meekly and mildly than before, "the ace is either one or eleven."

1839, Rosina Doyle Bulwer afterwards Bulwer Lytton (Baroness Lytton.), Cheveley; Or, The Man of Honour，第 385 頁:

His tone pianoed on intimacy.

2000, David R. Beasley, Aspects of Love: Three novellas，第 83 頁:

A day pianoed, swelled acutest, pianoed.

2009, David Lau, Virgil and the Mountain Cat，第 61 頁:


cerise

借自法語 cerise（19世纪中叶），其本身源自通俗拉丁語 ceresia，源自拉丁語 cerasium。cherry的同源异形词。

樱桃：

His bold patterns in vivid colours predated the arrival in Paris of the Ballets Russes, though his later designs reflect the canary yellows, bright blues, jades, cerises […]


cerise

more cerise (comparative)
most cerise (superlative)


Brunei

源自馬來語 Brunei，最终可能来自梵語 वरुण (váruṇa)，指代Borneo（婆羅洲，可能与Brunei同源）。

文萊，汶萊（國家名，位於東南亞；首都： Bandar Seri Begawan）。


China

[ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə]


China

:源自梵文 (150) चीन (cīna)（中国人）与／或 中古波斯语 ṣīn（瓷、中国人）。印度史诗《摩诃婆罗多》和文学作品《摩奴法论》中已有该词。
:一般认为，上述两者是从中文的“秦”字（指秦朝或秦国）而来，不过构拟的“秦”字上古汉语发音似乎不能支持这一理论。
:亦有一說為「長安」地名之西方音譯。

[ˈt͡ʃ(ʰ)aɪ̯nə]


E

电视剧集（episode）数的简写


Esperanto

/ˌɛspəˈɹæntəʊ/

/ˌɛspəˈɹæntoʊ/


Girl

源自漢語 女宿 (Nǚxiù)。


Vieux

借自法語 Vieux，该姓氏常见于海地。


abstract

more abstract (comparative)
abstracter (comparative)
most abstract (superlative)
abstractest (superlative)


adaptation

/ˌædæpˈteɪʃən/


meningitis

源自古希臘語 μῆνῐγξ (mênĭnx) + -itis，等价于meninge + -itis。


agitation

来自法語 agitation，来自拉丁語 agitātiō (“運動，激動”)。

/æ.d͡ʒɪˈteɪ.ʃən/


anorexic

more anorexic (comparative)
most anorexic (superlative)

/ænəˈɹɛksɪk/


anorexic

/ænəˈɹɛksɪk/


anterior commissure

前连合
* 简体: 前连合[动物学]
* 正體: 前連合[動物學]


asynchronism

协调障碍
* 正體: 異步（性）[電機工程]


Axis

第二次世界大战中的轴心国家


blurring

模糊
* [简体]:(图像)模糊，混淆，斑点增多[通信]
* [正體]:(信號)模糊[通訊]
* 正體: ［信號］模糊[通訊工程]
* 正體: 模糊[電子計算機]


Bielschowsky's-Jansky disease

晚期婴儿型家族性黑蒙性痴呆


Bassen-Kornzweig syndrome

棘状红细胞－β－脂蛋白缺乏症


craniotomy

#颅骨切开术
#开颅手术


conjugate

:< 拉丁语 coniugare（联合），构自 con-（共同）与 jugum（轭）。

〈语法〉（动词）变位；（根据数、人称、时态等）列举动词的变化形式

〈语法〉（动词）（表示数、人称、时态等）有词形变化形式


conjugate

（两个以上部分组成的）联合体


chronic progressive inflammatory polyneuropathy

慢性进行性炎症性多发性神经病


choroid plexus

脉络丛
* 简体: 脉络丛[动物学]
* 正體: 脈絡叢[動物學]


third ventricle

第三脑室
* 简体: 第三脑室[动物学]
* 正體: 第三腦室[動物學]


chloramphenicol

源自chlor- + am(ide) + phen- + ni(tro)- + (gly)col。

/ˌklɔɹˌæmˈfɛn.ɪˌkɔl/


cerebral peduncle

大脑脚
* 简体: 大脑脚[动物学]
* 正體: 大腦腳[動物學]


cerebral hemisphere

大脑半球
* 简体: 大脑半球[动物学]
* 正體: 大腦半球[動物學]


hemorrhage

源自拉丁語 haemorrhagia，源自古希臘語 αἱμορραγία (haimorrhagía, “大量出血”)，源自αἱμορραγής (haimorrhagḗs, “大量出血”)，源自αἷμα (haîma, “血”) + -ραγία (-ragía)，源自ῥηγνύναι (rhēgnúnai, “喷出”)。

/ˈhɛm(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

We got news that he died of a hemorrhage.

我们得知了他失血过多而死的消息。

the fiscal hemorrhage that has resulted from financial globalization

由金融全球化导致的大量财政损失


hemorrhage

/ˈhɛm(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

He's hemorrhaging!

The company hemorrhaged money until eventually it went bankrupt.

公司损失了大量的钱，最终破产。


cerebral cortex

大脑皮质
* 简体: 大脑皮层[动物学]
* 正體: 大腦皮層[動物學]


cerebellar cortex

小脑皮质
* 简体: 小脑皮层[动物学]
* 正體: 小腦皮層[動物學]


drowsy

源自drowse + -y，然而，drowsy的书面记录（1520年）早于drowse（1570年）。对比古英語 drūsian (“下垂，变得无精打采”)。

drowsier (comparative)
drowsiest (superlative)

I was feeling drowsy and so decided to make a cup of coffee to try to wake myself up.

我感觉好困，便想去冲杯咖啡让自己精神点。

让人困倦的，让人镇静的，催眠的

It was a warm, drowsy summer afternoon.

那是夏天一个温暖，让人打瞌睡的下午

drowsy medicine

The narrative throughout holds the reader; it Is not a drowsy book.


dementia

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-dementia.wav

Similar studies of rats have employed four different intracranial resorbable, slow sustained release systems— […]. Such a slow-release device containing angiogenic factors could be placed on the pia mater covering the cerebral cortex and tested in persons with senile dementia in long term studies.

2013 May-June, Charles T. Ambrose, “Alzheimer’s Disease”, 出自 American Scientist, 第 101 卷, 第 3 期，第 200 頁:


Dejerine-Sottas syndrome

肥大性间质性多发性神经病


decussation of superior cerebellar peduncle


exacerbated

exacerbate 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


evoked potential

诱发电位
* [简体]:诱发电位[电子电机工程]
* [正體]:誘發電位[電子電機工程]


eminence

源自古法語 eminence，源自拉丁語 ēminēntia (“卓越，显赫”)。

From the summit of an eminence I had already had a distant view of Osbaldistone Hall, a large and antiquated edifice, peeping out from a Druidical grove of huge oaks [...].

We stopped for a moment at the golf course to chat with members of the Consular staff, and then drove on to the Consulate, which was set upon an eminence, above evidences of landscape-gardening; a sweep of lawns, with coarse, whitened grass; flower-beds in which larkspur and nasturtiums fought against desperate odds.

有關本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:eminence。

eminence：


electroneurography

神经电图
* [简体]:神经电描记术[电子电机工程]
* [正體]:神經電描記術[電子電機工程]


frontal lobe

额叶
* 简体: 额叶[动物学]
* 正體: 額葉[動物學]


fovea

源自拉丁語 fovea (“洞，坑”)。

foveas (plural)
foveae (plural)
foveæ (plural)


fourth ventricle

第四脑室
* 简体: 第四脑室[动物学]
* 正體: 第四腦室[動物學]


fibers from locus coerulus to cerebellum


familial progressive spinal muscular atrophy


Fabry's disease

酰基鞘氨醇已三糖苷脂沉积症


globoid cell leukodystrophy

类球状细胞白质营养不良症


broma

源自古希臘語 βρῶμα (brôma, “食物”)。

(我們能否查找並添加Dunglison引用過本詞的語句？)


rumour

rumor的另一種拼寫法


rumour

rumor的另一種拼寫法


glaucoma

借自古希臘語 γλαύκωμα (glaúkōma, “晶状体黯淡”)，派生自γλαυκός (glaukós, “蓝绿”)。

/ɡlɔːˈkəʊmə/

/ɡlɔːˈkoʊmə/

Professor Rosas, in his last work on Diseases of the Eye (Lehre von den Augenkrankheiten, Wien, 1834, p. 326), distinguishes three kinds of glaucoma, viz. glaucoma of the hyaloid, glaucoma of the retina, and glaucoma of the choroid. He makes no mention of lenticular glaucoma, which is much more common than any of the three which he particularizes. Indeed, vitreous, retinal, and choroidal glaucomata, are, to say the least of them, rare diseases.

1838, William Mackenzie, “Remarks on Lenticular Glaucoma”, 出自 The London Medical Gazette; Being a Weekly Journal of Medicine and the Collateral Sciences, 第 II 卷, London: […] Longman, Orme, Brown, Green, & Longmans, […]，第 105 頁，第 2 列:

Nearly all of the so-called noncongestive glaucomata are of Types 1, 2, and 3.

几乎所有所谓的非充血性青光眼都是1型、2型和3型。

1948 June, Edward J. Curran, “Advances in the Treatment of Glaucoma: The Joseph Schneider Foundation Eye Presentation”, 出自 Postgraduate Medicine, 第 III 卷, 第 VI 期，第 409 頁，第 2 列:

The term primary glaucoma designates that group of glaucomata, the cause of which is not yet known, in contrast to secondary glaucoma, which is due to some obvious cause.

原发性青光眼是指病因尚不清楚的一类青光眼，与由某些明确原因引起的继发性青光眼相对。

1952, The West Indian Medical Journal，第 180 頁:

The development of latent glaucomata is usually slow and chronic, following the rhythm of primary glaucomata.

隐匿性青光眼的发展通常是缓慢而慢性的，遵循原发性青光眼的节律。

1960, Premier Congrès de la Société Européenne d’Ophtalmologie，第 28 頁:

Unfortunately, most of the older data are of limited value because the distinction between the various forms of glaucoma was often difficult and thus unreliable and because glaucomata are diseases of advanced age.

不幸的是，大多数旧数据的价值有限，因为各种形式的青光眼之间通常很难区分，因此不可靠，而且青光眼是老年病。

1962, Werner Kalow, “[Human Hereditary Defects With Altered Drug Response] Angle-Closure Glaucoma”, 出自 Pharmacogenetics: Heredity and the Response to Drugs, Philadelphia, Pa., London: W. B. Saunders Company, →LCCN，第 193 頁，第 2 列:

Oh, I got the glaucoma, real bad.

2013年January15日, Dave Andron, “Where's Waldo?”, 出自 Justified [火線警探], 第 4 季数, 第 2 集数:


gag

塞口物, 口枷, 隨口科白, 打諢, 箝制言論, 討論終結


hypothermia

新拉丁語，源自古希臘語 ὑπο- (hupo-, “在...之下，低于”) + θέρμη (thérmē, “热量”) + -ία (-ía, 阴性后缀)

/ˌhaɪpəʊˈθɜː(ɹ)mi.ə/

Hypothermia is the systemic cold injury.


hypothalamus

下丘脑，下視丘
* 简体: 丘脑下部[动物学]
* 正體: 下視丘[動物學]


hoarse

源自中古英語 hors、hos，源自古英語 hās、*hārs，源自原始日耳曼語 *haisaz、*haisraz，与 古諾爾斯語 háss（北诺尔斯）heiss（东诺尔斯）（→冰島語 hás、新挪威語 hås、書面挪威語 hes以及瑞典語 hes）同源。

hoarser (comparative)
hoarsest (superlative)

I am old and my voice is hoarse […]

1945年August17日, George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair], 章號 1, 出自 Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:


hoarse

"[...] Madame! Is—that—your—horse?!"
"Ain't no horse!" she hoarses. "Thassa thuruly bred Great Dane!" The thuruly bred Great Dane's balls shine like big , bald onions as he squeezes to deposit 4 1⁄2 pounds of vitamin - enriched apcray near the lamp-post.

1980, Leo Rosten, King Silky!, HarperCollins Children's Books:

"See anything, mum?" she hoarsed. “No—I think it's lower down. Go back to bed, Jane. I'm sure there's nothing to worry about. Someone's forgotten something, that's all.” She wanted to get rid of Jane without knowing exactly.

2022年August1日, J. Jefferson Farjeon, Back to Victoria, DigiCat:

"Helene," he croaked, reaching out his arms—his voice tensed with the infinity of his desire. "Back," she iced. And then, "Why have you come here?" she hoarsed. "What business have you here?"

2022年September16日, Stephen Leacock, Further Foolishness, DigiCat:


hoarse

The 15. 3 mo. 1668 - An act maid in a Towne Meting to provent hoarses and meares from doinge damage, as foloeth. All such hoarses and meares, as comonly kepes about the towne, or in the towne stretes, or comonly doth goe in to the towne neck, […]

1668, act, quoted in 1912, Sandwich and Bourne, Colony and Town Records, page 20:

[…] we got in to Town after Dark on the 18th I staid in Town Mr. Newnon's hoarse got Lame and him & I swapt'd hoarses and Drank whiskey on the 19th he Started home I staid in Town Expecting some intillegence from Mr.Taylor on the 20th we made a Party and went to the Paths and Run every turkey in […]

(我們可以確定引用的日期嗎？), quoted in 1934, The North Carolina Historical Review (and also in 1981, Doris Cline Ward, Charles D. Biddix, The Heritage of Old Buncombe County):


heredopathia atactica polyneuritiformis

多神经炎型遗传性共济失调


milestone

里程碑，竖立在道路旁的标志物，用以标识已经过的路程。

人生、国家等的重大事件。


clench

源自中古英語 clenchen，源自古英語 clenċan (“紧握”)，古英語 clenġan (“附着；残留”)的变体，源自原始日耳曼語 *klangijaną，*klinganą (“黏着”)的宾格。与英語 cling有关。

He clenched his fist in anger.


insidious

源自中古法語 insidieux，源自拉丁語 īnsidiōsus (“狡猾的，欺诈的，骗人的”)，源自īnsidiae (“埋伏，伏击，诡计，奸计”) + -ōsus，源自īnsideō (“坐在..里或上”)，源自in (“里，上”) + sedeō (“坐”)。

more insidious (comparative)
most insidious (superlative)

暗中造成伤害的，潜伏的，有害且隐匿的

Strong and vigorous man as he looks, Livingstone has been for years the victim of a secret and insidious disease.

1847, George Lippard, The Quaker City: or, The monks of Monk-Hall:

At some point in time they may become the source of an insidious cancer.

1997, Matthew Wood, The book of herbal wisdom: using plants as medicine:

The nurse always must be alert to signs of slow leak or insidious infiltration.

2007, Sharon Weinstein, Ada Lawrence Plumer, Principles and practice of intravenous therapy:

The impact on rural communities of rail closures was acute, but I would argue that the worst outcome it created was the long-term diminishment of suburban capacity outside London, which has had a far more insidious effect on rail usage nationally.

2023年March8日, Gareth Dennis, “The Reshaping of things to come...”, 出自 RAIL, 第 978 期，第 49 頁:

Gashford slid his cold insidious palm into his master's grasp, and so, hand in hand, and followed still by Barnaby and by his mother too, they mingled with the concourse.

1841 February–November, Charles Dickens, “Barnaby Rudge”, 出自 Master Humphrey’s Clock, 第 III 卷, London: Chapman & Hall, […], →OCLC, chapter 48，第 215 頁:

All these facts clearly appear to me now to establish that the sanctioned scheme was a part of a bigger and […] more insidious scheme which was to hoodwink the creditors and to firmly establish and consolidate the position […]

1948, D.V. Chitaley (editor or publisher), All India Reporter, volume 3, page 341:

The atmosphere of this insidious city comes out to meet him the moment he touches the European shore; for in London he meets Maria Gostrey just over from France.

1969, Dorothy Brewster, John Angus Burrell, Dead reckonings in fiction:

They all sought the President's views on the world situation in general and the Asian situation in particular. Without mincing words he would comment on his favorite theme, namely, the insidious scheme of the international Communists to conquer the free world.

1983, James C. H. Shen, “Rejoining the Government”, 出自 Robert Myers 編, The U.S. & Free China: How the U.S. Sold Out Its Ally, Washington, D.C.: Acropolis Books Ltd., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，第 28 頁:

This seemed to her the worst defilement into which this insidious city had cheated her and in her agitation, she nearly ran into the latrine, […]

2005, Anita Desai, Voices in the City, page 189:

This is the insidious way sports entrap you: you follow a player, which commits you to his team. You begin to acquire scraps of utterly useless information about teammates, managers, owners, trainers, agents, lawyers.

2007, Joseph Epstein, Narcissus Leaves the Pool，第 171 頁:

Hansel and Gretel were lured by the witch’s insidious gingerbread house.

But with whom do you contract that alliance? With the natural enemy of France — that insidious house of Austria — which detests our country from feeling, system, and necessity.

1858, Phineas Camp Headley, The life of the Empress Josephine: first wife of Napoleon:

‘Believe me,’ he shouted, ‘these insidious folk talk dangerous nonsense. I hear they are spouting out their ridiculous platitudes not five miles from this park in which we are standing…’

1912, Ralph Straus, The prison without a wall:

The battle was lost due to the actions of insidious defectors.

因为有背叛者，所以这场战斗输了。


impinge

正體: 投碰[電機工程]

正體: 撞擊[電子計算機]


nostalgia

源自新拉丁語 nostalgia，造自古希臘語 νόστος (nóstos, “回家”) + ἄλγος (álgos, “痛苦”)。古希臘語 *νοσταλγία (*nostalgía)一词并不可考。对比意大利語 nostalgia、西班牙語 nostalgia、葡萄牙語 nostalgia、saudade和法語 nostalgie。

I can't have been the only person, last week, to feel a rush of nostalgia upon learning that Thames Water had removed a bus-sized, 15-tonne lump of food fat ("mixed with wet wipes") from the sewers under London. The fatberg was an August news story redolent of the old-fashioned silly season.

2013年August16日, Oliver Burkeman, “This is the cutest article”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 第 189 卷, 第 10 期，第 20 頁:


Kuf disease

青少年型家族性黑蒙性白痴


sum

來自中古英語 summe，來自古法語 summe，來自拉丁語 summa，summus (“高的”)陰性。

quarter

棄用義；舊時稱量玉米的單位

The sum of 3 and 4 is 7.

Take yee the ſumme of all the Congregation of the children of Iſrael,[…]

你要按以色列全會眾的家室、宗族，人名的數目，計算所有的男丁。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Numbers 1:2，第 1–2 列s:

（學生練習的）算術，計算

We're learning about division, and the sums are tricky.

我們正在學除法，計算有點難。

a tidy sum

the sum of forty pounds

[…]With a great ſumme obteined I this freedome.

[…] 我用許多銀子才入了羅馬的民籍。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 22:28，第 1 列:

This is the sum of all the evidence in the case.

這就是這起案件所有證據的總結。

This is the sum and substance of his objections.

這是他反對意見的總結和主旨。

Thus I have told thee all my State, and brought / My Storie to the ſum of earthly bliſs[…]

我已把我的情况原原本本地对你讲完，讲到我的故事登上尘世幸福的绝顶上面 […]

1667, John Milton, “Book VII”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，第 1158–1159 行s:

舊時稱量玉米的單位，等同於quarter（約113克）

The sum is also used for the quarter, and the strike for the bushel.

1882, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, Volume 4, page 207:


sum

when you say that stability and change are, it's because you're summing them up together as embraced by it, and taking note of the communion each of them has with being.

2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 250b.


sum

源自哈薩克語 сом (som)、吉爾吉斯語 сом (som)、維吾爾語 سوم (som)和烏茲別克語 soʻm，上述詞語全有“純”的意思，來源於由純金鑄成的歷史貨幣的省略。

蘇姆，吉爾吉斯斯坦和烏茲別克斯坦的基本貨幣單位。


sum

some的視覺方言拼法。

some的視覺方言拼法。


sum

some的視覺方言拼法。

some的視覺方言拼法。


sum

some的視覺方言拼法。


desolate

源自中古英語 desolate，源自拉丁語 dēsōlātus，dēsōlāre (“离开，使...孤独，蹂躏，使...人迹罕至”)的过去分词，源自sōlus (“独自的”)。

more desolate (comparative)
most desolate (superlative)

a desolate isle; a desolate wilderness; a desolate house

I will make Jerusalem […] a den of dragons, and I will make the cities of Judah desolate, without an inhabitant.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 9:11:

And the silvery marish flowers that throng / The desolate creeks and pools among.

1830, Alfred Lord Tennyson, The Dying Swan:

desolate altars

He was left desolate by the early death of his wife.

他妻子的早死让他失去了希望。


desolate

使...荒芜，使...人迹罕至

If you consider well of the People of the West-Indies, it is very probable, that they are a newer or younger People, than the People of the old World. And it is much more likely, that the destruction that hath heretofore been there, was not by Earthquakes, […] but rather, it was Desolated by a particular Deluge: For Earthquakes are seldom in those Parts.

1625, Francis Bacon, “Of Vicissitude of Things” in Essays, London: H. Herringman et al., 1691, p. 204,

O Righteous Themis, if the Pow’rs above

1717, John Dryden (translator), Ovid’s Metamorphoses, Dublin: G. Risk et al., 1727, Volume I, Book I, p. 16,

York was so desolated just before the survey that it is not easy to estimate its ordinary population […]

1891, Charles Creighton, A History of Epidemics in Britain, Cambridge University Press, Chapter 1, p. 23,

摧毁，蹂躏，使...荒芜

Then Moath pointed where a cloud

1801, Robert Southey, Thalaba the Destroyer, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees & Orme, 2nd edition, 1809, Volume I, Book 3, p. 118,

But in Utopia there will be wide stretches of cheerless or unhealthy or toilsome or dangerous land with never a household; there will be regions of mining and smelting, black with the smoke of furnaces and gashed and desolated by mines, with a sort of weird inhospitable grandeur of industrial desolation, and the men will come thither and work for a spell and return to civilisation again, washing and changing their attire in the swift gliding train.

1905, H. G. Wells, A Modern Utopia, Chapter 2, § 3,

It is not to be supposed that when Cush left Armenia, he left it desolate, and that a rich and long settled country was abandoned altogether; for it would be an absurd way of founding an universal empire, to desolate one country in order to people another.

1828, Algernon Herbert, Nimrod: A Discourse on Certain Passages of History and Fable:

This completion of the Temple and attack upon Christians is the event that marks the apostasy that causes desolation, the detestable act that causes God to desolate (abandon) and destroy the Temple for the last time.

2007, James B. Jordan, The Handwriting on the Wall: A Commentary on the Book of Daniel, →ISBN:

Combining widowed, separated, and divorced elders into a single group ("desolated"), the data indicated that desolated elders were slightly more lonely than either married or never-married older people (although this trend was not statistically significant at the conventional .05 level).

2013, Tracey A. Revenson, “Debunking the Myth of Lonelines in Late Life”, 出自 Redefining Social Problems, →ISBN，第 126 頁:

It is not altogether uncommon to hear a reader whose heart has been desolated by the poignancy of a narrative complain that the writer is unemotional.

1914, Arnold Bennett, The Author’s Craft, London: Hodder & Stoughton, Part II, p. 44,

Kumalo stood shocked at the frightening and desolating words.

1948, Alan Paton, Cry, the Beloved Country, New York: Scribner, Chapter 36, p. 271,


guru

:< 印地語 गुरू (guru) / 烏爾都語 گرو (guru) < 梵語 गुरु (gurú)（“尊敬的，可敬的”），梵语词最初含义为“重的”；与英语 grieve 同源。

（印度教或锡克教的）宗教导师，领袖


abject

繼承自中古英語 abiect (“被拋棄的，可憐的”)，派生自拉丁語 abiectus，{{m|la|abiciō||扔掉，拋棄，拒絕} 的過去分詞，源自 ab- (“遠離”) + iaciō (“拋、丟”)。

abjecter (comparative)
more abject (comparative)
abjectest (superlative)
most abject (superlative)

悲惨绝望的，凄惨的，惨败的


abject

卑鄙的人，悲惨的人，凄惨的人


abject

繼承自中古英語 abjecten，派生自形容詞形式。


mainboard

主板
* 正體: 主機板[電子計算機]


floppy disk

软盘
* 简体: 软磁盘，软盘[信息科技]
* 正體: 軟磁碟，磁片[計算機]
* 正體: 磁碟片[自由軟體]
* 简体: 软盘[自由软体]
* 正體: 軟磁碟，磁片[電子計算機]


CD-R

光盘刻录机
* 正體: 可錄式光碟[電子計算機]


double click

双击
* 正體: 快按兩次[自由軟體]
* 简体: 双击[自由软体]
* 正體: 快按兩次[電子計算機]


right click

右击
* 正體: 按滑鼠右鍵[自由軟體]
* 简体: 点击鼠标右键[自由软体]
* 正體: 右按鍵[電子計算機]


service pack

服务补丁
* 正體: 服務軟體組[電子計算機]


short cut

快捷方式
* 正體: 捷徑[電子計算機]


debug

（美国，计算机科学义）音频

It ranged from the pre-design development of essential components, through the stage of type test and flight test and "debugging" right through to later development of the engine to higher powers and efficiency.

1945, The Journal of the Royal Aeronautical Society, 第 49 卷，第 183 頁:

It debugs all program errors, including those that are hardware initiated.

1970, Behavior Research Methods and Instrumentation, 第 2 卷，第 36 頁:

Additionally, it's up to you to remember to remove this cron entry when you've debugged the firewall.

2015, Steve Suehring, Linux Firewalls: Enhancing Security with nftables and Beyond，第 140 頁:

从...移除窃听装置等隐藏监控设备

Typical fees: $75 to check a particular telephone, $125 to debug one room, $500 to debug a suite of offices— all plus expenses and transportation.

1969, John Millar Carroll, The Third Listener: Personal Electronic Espionage，第 30 頁:

It conducts background investigations of new CIA employees and CIA contractors, administers polygraph tests to employees and agents, debugs offices at Langley and overseas stations, patrols the buildings and grounds, protects the director and other key CIA officials, and investigates security problems.

2012, Ronald Kessler, Inside the CIA，第 172 頁:

It is good to acquire information about how to perform the debugging operation and the type of tools that will be used，源自which you may already have an idea of the technical and instrumental skills, having acquired a plenty of technical information after reading this chapter.

2013, F. Garzia, Handbook of Communications Security，第 620 頁:

从...除虫，尤指除虱子

Mr. Moses started out his garden this year with only two toads. As they were differently marked, they soon became known as "Henry" and "Frank." Henry was strong in the pursuit of "ants." Every morning he is seen perched on his favorite hill "anting" for breakfast. Frank's occupation is that of debugging the roses and beating up the paths for miscellaneous insects.

1905年June15日, A. J. R., “With the Long Bow”, 出自 The Minneapolis Journal, Minneapolis, Minn., retrieved 2017-02-15，第 14 頁:

You can debug yourself at home with various over-the- counter medications.

1999, Stephen E. Goldstone, The Ins and Outs of Gay Sex: A Medical Handbook for Men，第 59 頁:

If you find nits, it's time for some serious debugging.

2011, Jay Heinrichs, Home Remedies from a Country Doctor:

Before we moved into our new quarters we, and our belongings, had to be deloused and debugged.

2013, Peter Jackson, Sacrifice, Captivity and Escape: The Remarkable Memoirs of a Japanese POW，第 165 頁:


debug

（美国，计算机科学义）音频

It may appear odd in the example that the no debug all command was entered before and after the debug was done. The first command is unnecessary, but getting into this habit can save you!

2009, Dale Liu, Cisco CCNA/CCENT Exam 640-802, 640-822, 640-816 Preparation Kit:

What should be the next steps following a test failure during debug?

2019, James K. Peckol, Embedded Systems: A Contemporary Design Tool (page 539)


computer language

计算机语言
* 正體: 計算機語言[電機工程]
* 正體: 電腦語言；計算機語言；機器語言[電子計算機]


template

templet变换而来，可能源自法語 templet，temple (“织布工的担架”)的指小词，其原形为tempe的变换形式，源自拉丁語 tempora (“寺庙”)。第二个音节的变换是因为与plate的类比。与法羅語 tamba (“伸展，放松”)、冰島語 þamb (“大肚子”)同源。

:Template:rfex

模板（为其他分子合成提供图案的大分子）

Classically, the functional product of coding genes is a protein whose synthesis is directed by an mRNA-template.

2002, S. Lottin et al., “Thioredoxin post-transcriptional regulation by H19 provides a new function to mRNA-like non-coding RNA”, 出自 Nature, 第 21 卷, 第 10 期:

“C++ Templates”，tutorialspoint，2016年


template

Only that part of the floor timber that bears on the planking and keel need be templated; […]

1994, Howard I. Chapelle, Boatbuilding, →ISBN，第 368 頁:

Metal phosphates that are templated by transition-metal complexes are rare.

2003, Yu Wang et al., “Synthesis and characterization of a new layered gallium phosphate templated by cobalt complex”, 出自 Journal of Solid State Chemistry, 第 170 卷, 第 1 期, →DOI:


print preview

打印预览
* 正體: 預覽列印[自由軟體]
* 简体: 打印预览[自由软体]
* 正體: 列印預視[電子計算機]


full screen

全屏
* 简体: 全屏幕[信息科技]
* 正體: 全螢幕[計算機]
* 正體: 全螢幕[自由軟體]
* 简体: 全屏幕[自由软体]
* 正體: 全螢幕[電子計算機]


tool bar

工具条
* 正體: 工具帶[電子計算機]


status bar

状态条
* 正體: 狀態列[自由軟體]
* 简体: 状态栏[自由软体]
* 正體: 狀態帶[電子計算機]


homepage

主页
* 正體: 首頁[自由軟體]
* 简体: 首页[自由软体]


hyperlink

超级链接
* 正體: 超鏈接[自由軟體]
* 简体: 超链接[自由软体]


search engine

搜索引擎
* 简体: 搜索机，搜索引擎[信息科技]
* 正體: 搜尋引擎[計算機]
* 正體: 搜尋引擎[電子計算機]


able

:< 古法语 habile < 拉丁语 habilis < 拉丁语 habeō。

abler (comparative)
ablest (superlative)


able

使能够，使可能，使有能力


process

:< 古法語 proces （“旅程”） < 拉丁語 processus——procedo 的过去分词。

（为达到某一目标的）过程，进程

（事物发展，尤指自然变化的）过程，步骤，流程

做事方法；工艺流程；工序


proxy server

代理服务器
* 正體: 代理伺服器[自由軟體]
* 简体: 代理服务器[自由软体]
* 简体: 代理服务器[信息科技]
* 正體: 代理伺服器[計算機]
* 正體: 代理伺服器[電子計算機]


network security

网络安全
藏锋者网络安全：专注网络安全、信息安全的专业站点。
* 正體: 網路安全[電子計算機]


network operating system

网络操作系统
* 简体: 网络操作系统[信息科技]
* 正體: 網路作業系統[計算機]


network layer

网络层
* [简体]:网络层[电子电机工程]
* [正體]:網路層[電子電機工程]
* 简体: 网络层[信息科技]
* 正體: 網路層[計算機]
* 正體: 網路層[電子計算機]


MPR

多协议路由器
* 正體: MPR 標準[電子計算機]


multilink

多链接
* 正體: 多鏈路；多重連接[電子計算機]


logic bomb

逻辑炸弹
* 简体: 逻辑炸弹[信息科技]
* 正體: 邏輯炸彈[計算機]
* 正體: 邏輯炸彈[電子計算機]


logoff

退出
* 正體: 註銷[電子計算機]


authorization

授权
* 正體: 授權[電子計算機]


checksum

核對和；核對值；核對總和
校验和
* [简体]:检查和[通信]
* [正體]:檢查總和[通訊]
* 正體: 檢查總和[通訊工程]
* 正體: 總和檢查碼[自由軟體]
* 简体: 检验（查）和[自由软体]
* 正體: 核對和[電子計算機]


data link

数据链路
* [简体]:数据连线，数据链路，资料连结[通信]
* [正體]:資料連線，資料連結，資料連[通訊]
* 正體: 資料錄；數據鏈[電機工程]
* 正體: 數據鏈路，資料連結，數據連線[通訊工程]


disk mirroring

磁盘镜像
* 正體: 磁碟鏡射[電子計算機]


distributed file system

分布式文件系统
* 正體: 分散式檔案系統[電子計算機]


enterprise network

企业网
* 简体: 企业网[信息科技]
* 正體: 企業網路[計算機]
* 正體: 企業網路[電子計算機]


environment variable

环境变量
* 正體: 環境變數[電子計算機]


fax modem

传真猫
* 正體: 傳真數據機[電子計算機]


fax

源自中古英語 fax，源自古英語 feax (“毛发”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *fahs，源自原始日耳曼語 *fahsą (“毛发”)，源自原始印歐語 *poḱsom (“毛发”, 字面意思是“被梳的东西；被修剪的东西；被拔的东西”)，源自原始印歐語 *peḱ- (“梳；剪；拔”)。同源词有荷蘭語 vas (“头发”)、德語 Fachs (“头发”)、挪威語 faks (“鬃毛”)、冰島語 fax (“鬃毛”)、梵語 पक्ष्मन् (pákṣman, “睫毛，头发”)。


fax

facsimile 的截斷形式，首次可考于1979年。

OK, now take it down the hall to the fax.

好，拿去走廊那边的传真机。

You can send it via email or fax. You can use an online fax service where you upload a PDF and then send it to a fax number.

你可以用邮件或者传真发过去。你可以用那种上传PDF文档然后发送到传真号码的网上传真服务。


fax

facsimile 的截斷形式，首次可考于1979年。

faxes
faxxes
faxing
faxxing
faxed
faxxed

Hands trembling with excitement and impatience, I faxxed my credit history to Jerry Raskin, the real estate agent listed, and received an appointment to view the place.

1990, Isaac Asimov’s Science Fiction Magazine, 第 14 卷，第 82 頁:

Plaintiff contented that in a game show in London, England, in January of 1988, Mr. Steinberg entered into an oral agreement with Atari representatives to become the exclusive distributor of Atari Games’ products; that the proposed agreement was dictated at this meeting; and that within two days Mr. Steinberg sent defendant a faxxed confirmation of this oral arrangement reached at the London trade show.

1991, Jury Verdicts Weekly, 第 35 卷，第 10 頁:

SENATOR BAUCUS, IT IS THE THIRD STATEMENT, YOUR CHALLENGE, THAT HAS LED TO THE MOST FRUSTRATION FOR THE PEOPLE I AM REPRESENTING TODAY. WE TOOK YOU AT YOUR WORD AND HAVE RALLIED AND CONVOYED TO MAKE YOU AWARE OF US, TELEPHONED, WRITTEN LETTERS, FAXXED YOU, AND SPOKE WITH YOU PERSONALLY TO LET YOU KNOW HOW WE FEEL.

1992, Montana National Forest Management Act of 1991: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Public Lands, National Parks and Forests of the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, United States Senate, One Hundred Second Congress, First Session on S. 1696; October 22, 1991, Washington: United States Government Publishing Office, →ISBN，第 140–141 頁s:

A few of the corporations involved have frankly acknowledged the roadblock: their own fear of the POW/MIA movement. Some companies scheduled for a trade mission to Vietnam dropped out after receiving a faxxed message from the National P.O.W. Strike Force summed up by its leader: “We will go out of our way to destroy your company because you want to do business with filthy Communists who are holding American prisoners.”

1993, H. Bruce Franklin, M.I.A., or, Mythmaking in America, revised and expanded paperback版, New Brunswick, New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, →ISBN，第 194 頁:

Thanks to Franz Amador and Tony Barrett for helpful discussions. We gratefully acknowledge Oren Etzioni’s emergency faxxing service. This research was funded in part by National Science Foundation Grant IRI-8957302, Office of Naval Research Grant 90-J-1904, and a grant from the Xerox corporation.

1993, Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence, Proceedings of the Eleventh National Conference on Artificial Intelligence, →ISBN，第 737 頁，第 1 列:

His logistic: to dress in the skin of the worker, / the technician, the programmer, / infiltrating himself in their milieu, / their offices, their plants, & their boards, / a bug in their systems, / crossing up the controls and the panels, / the wiring, the wave lengths, / the faxxing of messages, the spy-satellites / & their receptors, / changing their conceptions, their charts.

1994, Olga Elena Mattei, “Part One: Poetry [§] The Angel of the Millennium (Accident at the Nuclear Plant)”, 出自 Roberta Fernández 編, In Other Words: Literature by Latinas of the United States, Houston, Texas: Arte Público Press, →ISBN，第 139 頁:

He already has the copy of the other fingerprints that Leo faxxed to him for comparison.

1995, Lucha Corpi, Cactus Blood: A Mystery Novel, Houston, Texas: Arte Público Press, →ISBN，第 151 頁:

On May 12, 1995, Julie Hirshen (GAO) faxxed a draft portion of the GAO Cooperative Threat Reduction report dealing with MPCA.

1995年May17日, Ken Luongo, “Comments on GAO Report on CTR Program Concerning MPCA (note to Ken Sanders)”, 出自 Weapons of Mass Destruction: Reducing the Threat 源自the Former Soviet Union: An Update (United States General Accounting Office, Report to Congressional Requesters), 出版於 June 1995, “Background”，第 76 頁:

[162] / Faxxing from Israel / 03-695-0132 / [163] / Calling from abroad / 972-3-695-6868 / Faxxing from abroad / 972-3-695-0132

1996, Middle East Peace Process: Hearing Before the Committee on International Relations House of Representatives, One Hundred Fourth Congress, First Session; September 20, 1995, Washington: United States Government Publishing Office, →ISBN，第 25 頁:

Please advise how one faxxes from the Pilot Pro. Faxxing would greatly enhance my use of the Pilot. / Thanks!

1997年May18日, Mike Story, “Confirmed....Pilot Modem Has FAX capability!!”, 出自 alt.comp.sys.palmtops.pilot (Usenet):

Please have Georgia Dixon of Sen Craig’s office have a current copy of the Canadian Endangered Species list faxxed to her from Ottawa, Canada.

1999, Appendix E: Response to Public Comments: Final Environmental Impact Statement For Open Road and Open Motorized Trail Analysis (Motorized Road and Trail Travel Plan):


fax

facts替换为-x而得来。部分英语方言中facts和fax的发音一致。

trufax

facts的非標準形式。

facts的非標準形式。


fax

facts替换为-x而得来。部分英语方言中facts和fax的发音一致。

fax, no printer

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。

trufax

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。

tru dat

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。

true dat

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。

true that

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。

facts (“对的，确实”)的另一種寫法。


file attribute

文件属
* 简体: 文件属性[信息科技]
* 正體: 檔案屬性[計算機]
* 正體: 檔案屬性[電子計算機]


file system

文件系统
* 简体: 文件系统[信息科技]
* 正體: 檔案系統[計算機]
* 正體: 檔案系統[自由軟體]
* 简体: 文件系统[自由软体]
* 正體: 檔案系統[電子計算機]


group identifier

组标识符
* 正體: 群識別符[電子計算機]


situation

法语 situation 〈 中世纪拉丁语 situatio （处境） 〈 situare （放置） 〈 拉丁语 situs （地点，位置）


air force

空军
* 正體: 空軍[電子計算機]


album

借自拉丁語 album (“空白的白色書寫板”)，来自albus (“白色的”)。


ammunition

:源自法语 amunition < munition。 词首的 a- 可能是由于将 la munition（定冠形）误写为 l'amunition 而引入的。

（辩论中可攻击对方的）信息，事实，炮弹


asylum

來自拉丁語 asylum，來自古希臘語 ἄσυλον (ásulon)。


candidate

适合的对象；适合的人或物


chase

借自盎格鲁-诺曼语 chacer → 古法语 chacier → 拉丁语 captiāre, captiō → captō, capiō。义同catch。


coast

源自中古英語 coste (“肋骨；身体的一边；建筑物的一边；立体图形的面；海岸；海湾；海洋；凹；界限；土地；国家；地区；地方，地点；天的分区；方位；方向；用来表示方向的地点”) [以及其他形式]，源自古法語 coste (“肋；侧；海岸”)（现代法語 côte (“肋骨；海岸；山丘”)），源自拉丁語 costa (“肋骨；边”)，源自原始印歐語 *kost-。

The rocky coast of Maine has few beaches.

缅因州到处都是石头的岸边少有沙滩。

边，面，边缘 （15-18世纪）

And the Coaſt towards which the lines KL and VX are drawn, may be call’d the Coaſt of unuſual Refraction.

1730, Isaac Newton, Opticks, 4th ed., London: […] William Innys […], page 331:

地区，区划 （14-17世纪）

P. Crescentius, in his lib. 1 de agric. cap. 5, is very copious in this subject, how a house should be wholesomely sited, in a good coast, good air, wind, etc.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], 章號 II, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition ii, section 3:

空中的区域 （14-17世纪）

the learned Merlin, well could tell, / Vnder what coast of heauen the man did dwell […]

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book III, Canto III”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


coast

源自中古英語 costeien (“在一个边界上移动；沿着...走；陪同；穿越，穿过；邻接于”) [以及其他形式]，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 [具體何詞?]、古法語 costoier (“靠在，与...邻接”) […]（现代法語 côtoyer (“划过，经过；擦肩”)），源自拉丁語 costicāre，源自拉丁語 costa (“肋骨；边”)，还见词源 1。

（指车等不依靠引擎动力）滑行

When I ran out of gas, fortunately I managed to coast into a nearby gas station.

我没油了，还好我想办法把车推到了附近的一家加油站。

We steamed easily across the first part of the Tay Bridge, and then after passing over the long spans in mid-stream we coasted smoothly down the 1 in 114 gradient, and around the sweeping curve through Esplanade Station.

1947 January and February, O. S. Nock, “"The Aberdonian" in Wartime”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 7 頁:

Avanti West Coast has introduced the use of coasting with its Pendolino fleet, in an effort to keep disruption during overhead line equipment failures to a minimum. [...] The Class 390s coasted for three miles without power between Harrow & Wealdstone and Wembley Central, running under damaged OLE.

2020年September23日, “Network News: AWC employs coasting to minimise disruption”, 出自 Rail，第 26 頁:

不出力，不费力，不花心思

Yet the truth is that City would probably have been coasting by that point if the referee, Michael Oliver, had not turned down three separate penalties, at least two of which could be accurately described as certainties.

November 2 2014, Daniel Taylor, "Sergio Agüero strike wins derby for Manchester City against 10-man United," guardian.co.uk


crash

:< 中古英语 crasschen（碎裂）。更古的词源未知。可能为拟声词。

（倒下、破碎等突然的）碰撞声，破裂声，碎裂声

（机器或系统，尤指计算机或计算机系统的）崩溃


crash

:< 中古英语 crasschen（碎裂）。更古的词源未知。可能为拟声词。

碰撞；撞击；（飞机）坠落，坠毁

（价格、业务、股票等）（突然）贬值，倒闭，失败；暴跌

入睡；（在不常睡觉的地方）睡觉


crash

:< 中古英语 crasschen（碎裂）。更古的词源未知。可能为拟声词。


diet

源自中古英語 diet、dyet、diete，源自古法語 diete，源自中世紀拉丁語 dieta (“养生；集会”)，源自拉丁語 diaeta，源自古希臘語 δίαιτα (díaita)。

The diet of the giant panda consists mainly of bamboo.

大熊猫的日常食物大多是竹子。

It is common policy to order no more diet than will be used within one month.

2013, Martin D Buckland, Lynda Hall, Alan Mowlem, A Guide to Laboratory Animal Technology，第 56 頁:

日常消费，日常消耗，日常使用

He's been reading a steady diet of nonfiction for the last several years.

这几年他都一直在读纪实文学。

Last week the aging video game retailer emerged as the hottest stock on Wall Street, a story just unexpected and absurd enough to fill the new Trump-shaped void in our nation’s media diet.

2021年February3日, Farhad Manjoo, “Can We Please Stop Talking About Stocks, Please?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


diet

lite

简化版的，精简的，迷你的

健康的，低脂、低盐、低糖的

diet soda

Many grocery chains offer premium-priced lean or diet hamburger; but the fat content is usually at least 10 percent, sometimes 15 percent or more.

1982, Consumer Guide, Dieter's Complete Guide to Calories, Carbohydrates, Sodiums, Fats & Cholesterol，第 18 頁:

The difference in weight (mass) of the regular and the diet drink of the same brand roughly equals to the amount of sugar in the regular drink.

1998, Andy Sae, Chemical Magic from the Grocery Store:

Diet Light (Pizarro 724; snacks S2-7; 9:30am-10pm)
This perennially busy place serves not-very-diet, but yummy nonetheless, ice cream (S2 to S5) and whopping servings of mixed fruit (S3) – with ice cream.

2010, Lonely Planet Peru, →ISBN，第 347 頁:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:diet。

简化版的，精简的，迷你的

You folks reduce it to the bible only as being authoritative, impoverishing the faith. "Christianity Lite", diet Christianity for those who can't handle the Whole Meal.


diet

源自中古英語 dieten、dyeten、diȝeten，源自古法語 dïeter以及中世紀拉丁語 diētāre。

When all signs of effusion, dulness, pain, œgophony, and cough had disappeared he was dieted, stimulated, and tonicked.

1887, Medical Press and Circular, 第 94 卷，第 461 頁:

As illustrating the belief that the Baptism by Blood was accompanied by a real regeneration of the devotee, Frazer quotes an ancient writer who says that for some time after the ceremony the fiction of a new birth was kept up by dieting the devotee on milk, like a new-born babe.

1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co., 出版於 1921，第 45 頁:

I've been dieting for six months, and have lost some weight.

我已经节食了六个月，并减轻了一些体重。

Let him[…]diet in such places, where there is good company of the nation, where he travelleth.

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Travel”, 出自 The Essayes […], 3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

But partly led to diet my revenge […]。

约1603–1604年, 威廉·莎士比亚, “The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice [奥赛罗]”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (第一对开本), 伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, (请用大写罗马数字指定剧本幕号，并用小写罗马数字指定剧本场号):


diet

源自中古英語 diet、dyet，源自古法語 diete，源自中世紀拉丁語 diēta、diaeta (“集会；审判；一天的路途”)，源自古希臘語 δῐ́αιτα (dĭ́aita, “生活方式；生活空间；决定，判断”)，受到了拉丁語 diēs (“一天”)的影响。

They were given representation of some important diet committees.

The National Diet of Japan

“Coronavirus: School exam timetable could be put back next year”，BBC News website，BBC，3333-06-14, 取回于3333-06-23

a diet of worship


drown

源自中古英語 drownen、drounen、drunen (“溺死”)，其词源不详。
《牛津英语词典》提出一个不可考的古英语形式*drūnian。 Harper 2001指出古英语druncnian、ġedruncnian（→中古英語 drunknen、dronknen (“溺死”)），它们“可能受到了古諾爾斯語 drukkna的影响”（对比冰島語 drukkna、丹麥語 drukne (“溺死”)）。Funk & Wagnalls认为词源不详。有理论指出（如ODS）其可能直接借自古諾爾斯語 drukkna，但《牛津词典》认为在“发音和各种原因上解释不通”，除非引入不可考变体古諾爾斯語 *drunkna的可能性。

[d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaʊn]

When I was a baby, I nearly drowned in the bathtub.

我很小的时候差点在浴缸里淹死。

The car thief fought with an officer and tried to drown a police dog before being shot while escaping.

汽车窃贼和一名警官斗殴以后，试图将一只警犬溺死，然后在逃跑时被枪打中。

We are drowning in information but starving for wisdom.

我们淹没在信息的海洋中，却仍希求智慧。

Penny Guy: Bloody hell, Rog, whadda you want? / Roger O'Neill: To drown in your arms and hide in yer eyes, darlin'.

He drowns his sorrows in buckets of chocolate ice cream.

他靠大桶巧克力冰淇淋来消愁。

Though most men being in sensuall pleasures drownd, / It seemes their Soules but in the Senses are.

1599, John Davies, Nosce Teipsum, London: John Standish，第 19 頁:

Unluckily that worthy Officer having, in a literal Sense, taken his Fill of Liquor, had been some Time retired to his Bolster, where he was snoaring so loud, that it was not easy to convey a Noise in at his Ears capable of drowning that which issued from his Nostrils.

1749, Henry Fielding, 章號 XIV, 出自 The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling [棄兒湯姆·瓊斯的歷史], 第 II 卷, London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book VII，第 71–72 頁s:

使...淹没（于其他物品中）

The answers intelligence services seek are often drowned in the flood of information they can now gather.


flee

源自古英語 flēon，源自原始日耳曼語 *fleuhaną，源自原始印歐語 *plewk-、*plew- (“飞；流；跑”)。
同源词包括荷蘭語 vlieden、德語 fliehen、冰島語 flýja、瑞典語 fly、哥特語 𐌸𐌻𐌹𐌿𐌷𐌰𐌽 (þliuhan)。英语内与fly有关，还与flow有较远的关系。

The prisoner tried to flee, but was caught by the guards.

囚犯企图逃跑，但是被看守抓住了。

The wicked flee when no man pursueth: but the righteous are bolde as a lyon.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Proverbs 28:1:

As they turned into Hertford Street they startled a robin from the poet's head on a barren fountain, and he fled away with a cameo note.

1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./4/2”, 出自 “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:

When, however, the plant spirits were not strong enough in themselves, then the family called in the Medicine Man. He appeared, a "monster of so frightful mien", with noise making apparatus which produced such a terrifying din that even the hardiest demon was likely to flee.

1940, Rosetta E. Clarkson, Green Enchantments: The Magic Spell of Gardens, The Macmillan Company，第 254 頁:

Many people fled the country as war loomed.

战争将至，很多人都逃出了国外。

Thousands of people moved northward trying to flee the drought.

几千人为了逃离干旱而北迁。

The Government, having lit the fuse, is not going to be allowed to flee the explosion.

1962 October, “Talking of Trains: Passed to you, Mr. Macmillan”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 220 頁:

Ethereal products flee once freely exposed to air.

乙醚制品暴露在空气中后会挥发。


halt

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-halt.wav


kidnap

kidnaps
kidnapping
kidnaping
kidnapped
kidnaped

Hello, ladies. How’s the Big Apple?
Rotten, Jerry. Clover’s been kidnapped.
Oh dear. That’s the second time this month.

2002年September6日, Michelle and Robert Lamoreaux, “Model Citizens”, 出自 Totally Spies!, 第 1 季数, 第 9 集数, 角色 Alexandra “Alex”（Jess Harnell as Jerry and Katie Leigh）, Marathon Media, 經由 Teletoon:


labour

源自中古英語 labouren ← 古法語 laborer ← 拉丁語 laborare (“(intransitive) to labor, strive, exert oneself, suffer, be in distress, (transitive) to work out, elaborate”) ← labor (“labor, toil, work, exertion”)；参见robur (“力量”)。


liberal

:< 古法語 liberal < 拉丁語 liberalis < liber （“自由的”）。

more liberal (comparative)
most liberal (superlative)

宽宏大度的；心胸宽阔的；开明的

（政治经济上）自由的，开明的；支持（社会、政治或宗教）变革的

（旧时）英国自由党的；（英国以外国家）自由党的

慷慨的；大方的；大量给予的

不完全准确的；不精确的；不严格的


liberal

理解且尊重他人意见的人；宽容的人；开明的人

支持（社会、政治或宗教）变革的人

（旧时）英国自由党成员；（英国以外国家的）自由党成员


moral

源自拉丁文有关风俗、习惯的的意思

a. (无比较级、最高级) (可做善恶标准之) 道德 (上) 的,伦理的

(无比较级、最高级)能辨别善恶的

a. 合乎道德的,品行端正的; (在性方面) 纯洁的,贞节的,检点的

(无比较级、最高级) (非基于法律或一般习惯而) 基于道义的,基于良心的; 诉诸心灵 [精神,意志] 的,心灵上的,精神上

可确信的,可认为确实的,事实上的


moral

源自拉丁文有关风俗、习惯的的意思

(C) (寓言等之) 寓意,教训; 寓言剧


nowhere

源自中古英語 nowher，再自古英語 nōhwēr、nāhwǣr，即 nā- + hwǣr，相當於現代英語的 no + where。

Nowhere did the rules say anything about popcorn.

規定中沒有任何地方提到爆米花。

We sat in traffic, going nowhere.

我們坐在車陣中，無處可去。


nowhere

They went on a cruise to nowhere.

他們乘船而行，到了不知哪里。


opinion

:源自中古英語 opinion, opinioun，源自盎格魯-諾曼語、中古法語 opinion，源自拉丁語 opinio，源自 opinari，opinor （“認為”）的不定式。


oust

The protesters became so noisy that they were finally ousted from the meeting.

抗議者因為太嘈吵，最後被逐出會議。

The CEO was ousted by the board of directors.


patient

源自中古英語 pacient，源自中古法語 patient，源自古法語 pacient，源自拉丁語 patiens，patior (“受苦；忍耐”)的现在分词，源自原始印歐語 *peh₁- (“恨；伤”)。

patienter (comparative)
more patient (comparative)
patientest (superlative)
most patient (superlative)

Be patient: your friends will arrive in a few hours.

耐心点，你朋友过几个小时就来了。

Asari Cultural VI: Due to our lifespan-sometimes reaching 1,000 years of age-we are patient in our decisions, and prefer long-term solutions over short-term gains.

2017, BioWare, Mass Effect: Andromeda (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC，PC，幕：Nexus:

耐心的，坚持的，持之以恒的

patient endeavour

a patient wait

patient analysis

Whatever I have done […] is due to […] patient thought.

c. 1692, Sir Isaac Newton, letter to Dr. Richard Bentley

“Her personal life and her art were very intertwined: You can’t really separate them,” explains Sophia Jansson. “She mirrored her own a reality onto a fictional reality.” And this is perhaps the nub of the Moomin’s enduring appeal: a combination of adventuresome spirit and philosophy, all of which Jansson derived from close and patient observation, of human relationships and of the natural world alike.

December 15, 2016, Hettie Judah in the New York Times, Beloved Children’s-Book Characters, in Their Own Immersive World

In contrast, the Westminster Gazette in 1912 was much more positive about railway staff, praising the "...army of porters hustling and bustling hither and thither with barrows groaning under the weight of bags and baggage and... the ever-patient and long-suffering guards, courteously giving information and advice to the querulous passengers... to the porter the Christmas season means a continuous round of heavy labour, extremely tiring to both nerves and temper, and this fact the public too often seem either to forget or ignore."

2022年December14日, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, 出自 RAIL, 第 972 期，第 35 頁:

To this outward structure was joined that strength of constitution, patient of severest toil and hardship; insomuch that for the most part of his life, in the fiercest extremity of cold, he took no other advantage of a fire, than at the greatest distance that he could, to look upon it.

1661, John Fell, “Doctor Henry Hammond”, 出自 Christopher Wordsworth 編, Ecclesiastical Biography, 第 5 卷, 出版於 1810，第 380 頁:


patient

患者，接受治疗的人或动物

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic[…]real kidneys[…]。But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.

2013年June1日, “A better waterworks”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8838 期，第 5 (Technology Quarterly) 頁:

受动者 （接受动作的语法对象）

The subject of a passive verb is usually a patient.

被动动词的主语通常为受动者。

The number of a first or second person participant is generally marked for both agent and patient in all aspects.

1982, Paul J. Hopper, Tense-aspect: Between Semantics & Pragmatics, →ISBN:

Since we have argued that the absolutive argument in Dyirbal is the grammatical subject of its clause, we must conclude that in the antipassive construction the agent replaces the patient as grammatical subject.

2004, Paul Kroeger, Analyzing Syntax: A Lexical-Functional Approach, →ISBN，第 292 頁:

Malice is a passion so impetuous and precipitate, that it often involves the agent and the patient.

c. 1658, Dr. Henry More, Government of the Tongue:

For it seems clear that the subject of change is the changed, i.e. the patient -- on one proviso. the proviso is that there be an agent or changer.

1988, Sarah Waterlow, Sarah Broadie, Nature, Change, and Agency in Aristotle's Physics, →ISBN，第 159 頁:

How does a person change from a patient to an agent in shaping and living a course of life?

1994, Larry Cochran, Joan Laub, Becoming an Agent: Patterns and Dynamics for Shaping Your Life, →ISBN:

According to the tradition, when an agent acts on a patient, the change is located in the patient. If the patient reacts on the agent, then the agent is a patient in the new relation.

1999, Lloyd P. Gerson, Aristotle: Logic and metaphysics, →ISBN，第 127 頁:

The starting point is that all events involve an agent and a patient. Agents and patients are modelled as (material or non-material) objects, and can therefore be represented as points in conceptual spaces.

2010, Mohua Banerjee, Anil Seth, Logic and Its Applications: Fourth Indian Conference, ICLA 2011, →ISBN，第 7 頁:


propose

提议，建议；推荐；打算;求婚
參見：proposal


curious

more curious (comparative)
most curious (superlative)


valley

山谷。周圍為高地的低窪陸地；一種緩和的地表傾斜或下降，尤其是指細長且相對而言面積較大者。通常位於兩座山或兩條山脈之間，而且時常有流出的溪流。山谷通常受溪流侵蝕而發展，但也可能因斷層而形成。 (來源： BJGEO)


unite

借自拉丁語 ūnītus，ūniō的完成被動分詞。

将不同的东西合并为一个东西的过程


urgent

more urgent (comparative)
most urgent (superlative)

紧急的，急迫的，迫切的，急切的


telescope

源自拉丁語 tēlescopium, 源自古希臘語 τηλεσκόπος (tēleskópos, “远望”), 源自τῆλε (têle, “從遠處”) + σκοπέω (skopéō, “我注视”)。
1611年由希腊数学家乔瓦尼·德米西亚尼在意大利猞猁之眼国家科学院的宴会上为伽利略的一件仪器所创造。Telescopium 的同源對似詞。


starve

源自中古英語 sterven，源自古英語 steorfan (“死”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *sterbaną (“僵硬；死”)，源自原始印歐語 *(s)terp- (“弱，麻”)，或原始印歐語 *sterbʰ- (“僵硬”)，源自*ster- (“僵”)，或者上述词的异文合并。同源词包括低地蘇格蘭語 sterve (“死，消失”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 stjerwa (“死”)、西弗里斯蘭語 stjerre (“死”)、荷蘭語 sterven (“死”)、德國低地德語 starven (“死”)、德語 sterben (“死”)、冰島語 stirfinn (“脾气差的；刚愎的”)、阿爾巴尼亞語 shterp (“贫瘠的；贫瘠的土地”)。

starves
starving
starved
starved
starven

famish

（尤指通过断粮）摧毁，使...屈服；使...饿死

while the grass grows, the steed starves

During the Cultural Revolution I was exiled to Xincai County in Henan Province. There, 36 percent of the people starved to death in the early 1960s.

1990, Chen Yizi (陳一諮)（被引）, Children of the Dragon: The Story of Tiananmen Square, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，第 48 頁:

"When all of you starve to death, Shasta, don't come crying to me, that's all."

2007, Lisa Wingate, A Thousand Voices，第 76 頁:

Hey, ma, I'm starving! What's for dinner?

喂，老妈，我要饿死了！晚饭吃啥？

（尤指通过断粮）摧毁，使...屈服；使...饿死

剥夺 （粮食或必需物品）

The uncaring parents starved the child of love.

冷漠的父母剥夺了孩子应得的爱。

The patient's brain was starved of oxygen.

（因缺乏某物而）恶化，情况变差

I was half starved waiting out in that wind.

我在那风里等人，被冻了个半死。

Wheniver he wor starved, he used to get th' seck o' coils ov his back, an' walk raand th' haase till he gat warm agean.

1869 February, John Hartley, The original illuminated clock almanack:

One i' th' morning an' me starv'd to th' death wi' waitin' up.

1886, A Queer Supper, John Heywood, section 8:

Sometimes he remarks, “ ’Tis these dreadful frostis that spiles everything. ’Tis enough to sterve anybody.”

1898, J. Arthur Gibbs, “When the May-Fly is Up”, 出自 A Cotswold village; or, Country Life & Pursuits in Gloucestershire, London: John Murray, →OCLC，第 164 頁:

死亡；（晚期用法中指）慢慢死去

Seuen moneths he ſo her kept in bitter ſmart, / Becauſe his ſinfull luſt ſhe would not ſerue, / Vntill ſuch time as noble Britomart / Releaſed her, that elſe was like to ſterue / Through cruell knife that her deare heart did kerue.

1596, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book IV, Canto I”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, 第II部分 (卷 IV–VI), London: […] [Richard Field] for William Ponsonby, →OCLC, stanza 4，第 6 頁:


suffer

源自中古英語 suffren，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 suffrir，源自拉丁語 sufferō (“献上，支撑，承受，遭受”)，源自sub- (“下”) + ferō (“撑着”)，源自原始印歐語 *bʰer- (“负，持”)。取代了原生词古英語 þrōwian。

Many artists suffer before becoming famous.

很多艺术家在成名前都吃过很多苦。

At least he didn't suffer when he died in the car crash.

至少他死在交通事故里之前没有痛苦。

If you keep partying like this, your school-work will suffer.

你老是天天去聚会的话，你成绩会变差的。

Our correspondent found that timekeeping had suffered following the substitution of Class 5 4-6-0s on these workings.

1961 October, “Motive Power Miscellany: Scottish Region”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 638 頁:

I've been suffering your insults for years.

我忍受你的侮辱已经很多年了。

We hope you never have to suffer the same pain.

我们希望你不用吃一样的苦。

Investors face a quandary. Cash offers a return of virtually zero in many developed countries; government-bond yields may have risen in recent weeks but they are still unattractive. Equities have suffered two big bear markets since 2000 and are wobbling again. It is hardly surprising that pension funds, insurers and endowments are searching for new sources of return.

2013年July6日, “The rise of smart beta”, 出自 The Economist, 第 408 卷, 第 8843 期，第 68 頁:

Thou shalt not suffer a witch to liue.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 22:18:

But Iesus said, Suffer little children, and forbid them not to come vnto me: for of such is þe kingdome of heauen.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 19:14:

"Employ" includes to suffer or permit to work.

1938, The U.S. Fair Labor Standards Act, 29 U.S.C. § 203:

[…] it shall be unlawful for any person to cause, allow, permit or suffer any vehicle to be parked […] beyond the period of time established by the duration of the parking meter […]

1978, Section 31-36 of the Code of Montgomery County, Maryland:


recognize

/ˈɹɛkəɡnaɪz/


doctor

:< 中古英語 doctor、doctour（“专家、权威”） < 盎格魯-諾曼語 doctour < 拉丁語 doctor （“教师”） < doceō （“教授”）。 取代了中古英语固有词 lerare（“教师”）（ < 中古英语 leren（“教授”） < 古英语 lǣran、lēran（“教授、指导”））。 对比古英语 lārēow（“教师、大师”）。


doctor

改变有生命物体的生长速度或行为


box out

抢篮板球挡人
* 正體: 盒狀放射[自由軟體]
* 简体: 盒状放射[自由软体]


crossover

交叉运球过人
* 简体: 交叉(点)，交迭点[电子电机工程]
* 正體: 交叉(點)，交疊點[電子電機工程]


fall in

投进
* 正體: 進入同步[電子計算機]


finger roll

低手上篮时手指拨球的动作


flagrant foul

没有必要或动作过大的犯规


free agent

自由人
* 正體: 免費代理者[電子計算機]


lockout

因劳资纠纷而停赛
* 简体: 封锁[信息科技]
* 正體: 封鎖[計算機]
* 正體: 封鎖[電子計算機]


matchup

攻防上各个位置的对应关系


net

净得的、纯的、总的、最后的


teamwork

全队合作；合作；协办；配合


wide open

开阔
* 正體: 廣角（鏡頭）[電子計算機]


adventure

源自中古英語 aventure, aunter, anter，借自古法語 aventure，源自晚期拉丁語 adventurus ← 拉丁語 advenire, adventum (“到达”)，羅曼語族表示“发生，遭遇”（见advene）。

/ədˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/

/ædˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/

/ədˈvɛnt͡ʃə/

遭遇困难；危险，打击性的事业；在遭遇危险下面对未知事件进行的赌注行为，需要胆量的任务；大胆的举措。

伟大的举措；瞩目的事件。

有风险的商业或投机性事业；冒险。


adventure

源自中古英語 aventuren, auntren ← 古法語 aventurer ← aventure。

/ədˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/

/ædˈvɛnt͡ʃɚ/

/ədˈvɛnt͡ʃə/


ono

（or nearest offer 的缩写）（用于小广告中，表示某物可减价出售）或接近买方出价，可还价


blond

:源自中古法语 blond（阳）／blonde（阴） < 古法语 blond、blont， 为日耳曼语源，源自法兰克语 *blund（介于金与浅棕的颜色） < 原始日耳曼语 *blund-（混杂的、刺眼的） < 原始印欧语 *bhlendh-（变浊、变盲）。 对比古英语 blondenfeax（灰发的）、古英语 blandan（混合）。 见英语 blend。
:也可能源自法兰克语 *blund < 原始日耳曼语 *blundaz（金发的） < 原始印欧语 *bhlndh-, *bhlendh-（金发的、红头发的）。 与梵语 bradhná（红色的、淡红的、黄色的）同源。


blond

（人的毛发）金黄色的、亚麻色的、金色的


most

:< 古英语 mǣst，为日耳曼词汇。 与荷兰语 meest、德语 meist、瑞典语 mest 同源。

Most people like chocolate.　多数人喜欢巧克力。


most

（前加定冠词，构成一些形容词和副词的最高级形。一般限于两个或两个以上音节的形容词或副词。否则用 -est/-st 的方法构成最高级。）最…


brat

:词源不明。根据线上英语词源字典，"brat" 一词源自古英语俚语，意为“乞丐之子”。最初为英格兰北部、中部和西部方言词，意为“临时或破烂的衣裳”。 可能即古英语 bratt（“披风，斗篷”）。bratt 源于凯尔特语言，对比古爱尔兰语 bratt（“斗篷，衣服”）。


abandon

:< 古法语 abandoner——à + bandon（管辖，控制） < 中古拉丁语 bannum（宣告）< （日耳曼语源）—— 法兰克语 *ban < 原始日耳曼语 *bannan（宣告，命令）（对比现代英语 ban） < 原始印欧语 *bha-（说）。 法语借词替换了中古英语固有词 forleten（放弃）（ < 古英语 forlǣtan, anforlǣtan）与中古英语词 forleven（抛弃）（ < 古英语 forlǣfan）。

（~ sb. (to sth.)）（不顾责任、义务等）离弃，遗弃，抛弃

The baby had been abandoned by its mother.

People often simply abandon their pets when they go abroad.

人们出国时常常丢下宠物不管，一走了之。

The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.

研究表明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。

Snow forced many drivers to abandon their vehicles.

大雪迫使许多驾驶者弃车步行。

They had to abandon their lands and property to the invading forces.

他们不得不放弃土地和财产，让侵略军占领。

He gave the order to abandon ship ( to leave the ship because it was sinking).

他下令弃船（因船快要沉没）。

停止（支持或帮助）；放弃（信念）

The country abandoned its political leaders after the war.

战后该国人民不再拥护他们的政治领袖。

By 1930 he had abandoned his Marxist principles.

1930年时他已放弃了马克思主义信念。

They had to abandon the match because of rain.

因为下雨，他们只好中止比赛。

I have abandoned hope of any reconciliation.

我已对任何和解都不再抱希望。

（~ oneself to sth.） 陷入，沉湎于（某种情感）

He abandoned himself to despair.


dom

（dominator 的简称）（性施受虐狂的）男支配者，男控制者


dom

（dominate 的简称）占领，支配


museum

源自拉丁语 mūsēum (“图书馆，书房”) ← 古希腊语 Μουσεῖον (Mouseîon, “缪斯（Μοῦσα (Moûsa)）的神殿”)。


pizza

:< (1935) 意大利語 pizza，词源不明，可能源自中古希臘語 πίττα (pitta)（“蛋糕，馅饼”） < 古希臘語 πίσσα (pissa)（“焦油，柏油”）、雅典语 πίττα (pitta) < πεπτός (peptos)（“烧熟的”）。


radio

:< 拉丁語 radius （“光线”）。

无线电广播，无线电广播节目

无线电，无线电传送，无线电通讯


radio

:< 拉丁語 radius （“光线”）。


Handel

源自德語的姓氏：（尤指格奥尔格·弗里德里希·亨德尔（1685年–1759年），一位英籍德（神圣罗马帝国）裔巴洛克风格作曲家.

Handel's masterpiece, Messiah, is one of the incontrovertible masterpieces of the Western canon, a work whose place in the musical life of the nation looks, with the benefit of hindsight, to have been assured since its first performance in 1742.

2014年April17日, Tom Service, “Handel's Messiah: the sound of our better selves”, 出自 The Guardian:


parasol

源自法语 parasol，意大利语 parasole，para- (“保护，防护”) + sole (“太阳”)。

（在热带主题鸡尾酒中用作装饰的）微型纸伞。

建筑物的顶部（的遮蔽物），用以避雨或遮阳。


yolk

来自中古英語 yolke，yelke，ȝolke，ȝelke，来自古英語 ġeolca，ġeoloca，ġioleca (“黃色部分，蛋黃”)，来自ġeolu (“黃色”)。

To make meringue, you have to separate the white from the yolk.

要做蛋白酥皮，你必須把蛋白和蛋黃分開。


zero

源自法語 zéro，源自意大利語 zero，源自中世紀拉丁語 zephirum，源自 阿拉伯語 صِفْر (ṣifr, “什么都没有, 暗号”)。


zero

One thousand has three zeroes.

The temperature outside is ten degrees below zero.

He knows zero about coronavirus.


zero

She showed zero respect.


cable television

有线电视
* [简体]:电缆电视，有线电视[通信]
* [正體]:有線電視[通訊]
* 正體: 有線電視，纜線電視[通訊工程]


cajole

借自法語 cajoler，可能是中古法語 cageoler (“松鸦鸣叫”)（源自gajole，geai (“松鸦”)的方言指小词） + 古法語 gaioler (“诱至笼中”)的混成词，后者源自中世紀拉丁語 gabiola，源自晚期拉丁語 caveola（其衍生出英語 caveola），拉丁語 cavea (“笼子，畜栏”)的指小词。详见cage、cave、cavum和cavus。

Then he cajoled with his brother, and persuaded him what service he had done him.

1722, Daniel Defoe, Moll Flanders, ch. 12:

If you are cajoled by the cunning arguments of a trumpeter of heresy, or the praises of a puritanic old woman, is not that womanish?

1820, Sir Walter Scott, The Abbot, ch. 27:

He had tried bullying, and without success. He would try cajoling and temptation.

1894, Horatio Alger, Only An Irish Boy, ch. 19:

[W]ith eloquent arts he had cajoled a young girl into a secret marriage.

1898, Gilbert Parker, The Battle Of The Strong, ch. 37:

Schulman, general manager of the "G. F. C.," had been sending out messengers to hunt for him, and finally had got him in his office, arguing and pleading, cajoling and denouncing him by turns.

For weeks, the White House, the Pentagon and Senate Democrats have been working overtime to cajole, convince and placate Republicans.

2010 August 4, Michael Scherer, "NonSTARTer? Obama's Troubled Nuclear Treaty," Time:

But the wife was visibly unimpressed by Ms. Baskin’s half-furnished home (they had just moved in) and thrown-together spaghetti dinner. “It was basically clear that his wife had been cajoled into attending,” said Ms. Baskin, 33. “She settled on to our rickety Ikea kitchen chairs like she was lowering herself into a coal mine.”

2012年July13日, Alex Williams, “Why Is It Hard to Make Friends Over 30?”, 出自 New York Times:


calamity

源自中古法語 calamité，源自拉丁語 calamitās (“损失；灾难”)。

Yet, at that moment, she felt as if the acquisition of these gems were a calamity. Their possession involved separation from her uncle，源自every relic of home affections, and from all that yet lingered with her of her childhood.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “Age and Youth”, 出自 Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], 第 I 卷, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，第 15 頁:

They were behind twice, first in the 11th minute when James Morrison scored a goal that was a personal calamity for Hart, and then four minutes into the second half when Kenny Miller eluded Gary Cahill to score with a splendid left-foot drive.

2013年August14日, Daniel Taylor, The Guardian:


calendar

源自中古英語 kalender，源自古法語 calendier，源自拉丁語 calendarium (“账簿”)，源自kalendae (“一个月的第一天”)，源自calō (“严肃发表，召集”)，源自原始印歐語 *kelh₁-。

The three principal calendars are the Gregorian, Jewish, and Islamic calendars.

三个主要历法为公历、犹太历和伊斯兰历。

Write his birthday on the calendar hanging on the wall.

把他的生日记到挂在墙上的那个日历上。

The club has a busy calendar this year.

a calendar of bills presented in a legislative assembly; a calendar of causes arranged for trial in court

在立法大会上展示的（要讨论的）法案列表；法庭审判时列出的事由清单

Shepherds of People, had need know the Kalenders of Tempeſts in State; which are commonly greateſt, when Things grow to Equality; As naturall Tempeſts are greateſt about the Æquinoctia.

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Seditions and Troubles. XV.”, 出自 The Essayes […], 3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC，第 76 頁:

The story struck the depressingly familiar note with which true stories ring in the tried ears of experienced policemen.[…]The second note, the high alarum, not so familiar and always important since it indicates the paramount sin in Man's private calendar, took most of them by surprise although they had been well prepared.

1963, Margery Allingham, “Eye Witness”, 出自 The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC，第 249 頁:


calendar

The judge agreed to calendar a hearing for pretrial motions for the week of May 15, but did not agree to calendar the trial itself on a specific date.

法官同意在5月15日那一周安排一场审前动议听证会，但是没有同意给判决安排确切日期。


characteristic

源自古希臘語 χαρακτηριστικός (kharaktēristikós)，χαρακτηρίζω (kharaktērízō, “按特征标记”)，χαρακτήρ（kharaktḗr, “记号，符号”）。

more characteristic (comparative)
most characteristic (superlative)

/ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/

/ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/

（事物或人）特有的，独特的，特性的


characteristic

/ˌkæɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/

/ˌkɛɹəktəˈɹɪstɪk/

attribute

distinguishing feature of a person or thing

（人或事物的）显著特征。

灯塔的导航灯的特征（如颜色、闪烁、图案的不同）。

为了得到该场的零点，必须增加场的单位的最小次数。如果该最小自然数不存在，则（该整数）为零。


aberrant

借自拉丁語 aberrāns，aberrō 的現在主動分詞，源自 ab (“from”) + errō (“漫遊；徘徊”)。另見 aberr。

more aberrant (comparative)
most aberrant (superlative)


abortion

借自拉丁語 abortiōnem，源自aborior。等價於abort + -ion。此詞取代了中古英語 abort (“abortion”)，前者和後者同樣源自同一個拉丁語詞彙。


abrade

派生自拉丁語 abrādō (“刮掉”)，源自ab (“從；遠離”) + rādō (“刮”)。首次記錄於1677年。


abrade

abraid的已棄用拼寫


abstinence

繼承自中古英語 abstinence，派生自古法語 abstinence，派生自拉丁語 abstinentia，源自abstinēns，abstineō (“我保留”) 的現在分詞。等價於 abstain + -ence。


absurd

首见于1557年。来自中古法語 absurde，来自拉丁語 absurdus (“不協調的，不和諧的”)，来自ab (“遠離，出”) + surdus (“沉默的，耳聾的，沉悶的”)。对比surd。

absurder (comparative)
more absurd (comparative)
absurdest (superlative)
most absurd (superlative)


accent

繼承自中古英語 accent，派生自中古法語 accent，派生自古法語 acent，派生自拉丁語 accentus，accinō (“對…唱歌；一起唱歌”)的過去分詞。accent在古英語時代就已借入，逐漸消失之後在中古英語時期又重新借入。


accent

派生自中古法語 accenter，派生自古法語 accenter，派生自拉丁語 accentō，源自accentus。


accessory

首见于1550年代。来自中古英語 accessorie，来自中世紀拉丁語 accessōrius，来自拉丁語 accessor (“幫手，下屬”)，来自accessus。对比access，来自同一词根。

more accessory (comparative)
most accessory (superlative)

副的，附屬的，輔助的，次要的


acknowledge

[əkˈnɑːlədʒ]

[ɨkˈnɑːlɨdʒ]

[əɡˈnɑːlədʒ]

[ɨɡˈnɑːlɨdʒ]


acquaint

来自中古英語 aqueinten，acointen，来自古法語 acointier，来自晚期拉丁語 accognitāre，来自拉丁語 ad + cognitus，cognoscere (“知道”)的過去分詞，来自con- + noscere (“知道”)。见quaint、know。

I think you should acquaint him with the realities of the situation.

我認為你應該讓他了解實際情況。


acquaint

熟悉的；认识的；了解的；有知识的


admonish

源自中古英語 admonesten、admonissen，源自古法語 amonester（现代法语admonester），源自一不可考的晚期拉丁語或通俗拉丁語词*admonestrāre，源自拉丁語 admoneō (“提醒，警告”)，源自ad + moneō (“警告，忠告”)。见premonition。

reprimand

告诫，训诫；（不严重地）呵责

chide

告诫，训诫；（不严重地）呵责

告诫，训诫；（不严重地）呵责

Better is a poore and a wise child, then an old and foolish king who will no more be admonished.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ecclesiastes 4:13:

And further, by these, my sonne, be admonished: of making many bookes there is no end, and much studie is a wearinesse of the flesh.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Ecclesiastes 12:12:

[…] But then things take a turn, the men starting to keel over as Walder seems to admonish them for leaving certain threads hanging. […]

2017年July16日, Brandon Nowalk, “Chickens and dragons come home to roost on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, 出自 The Onion AV Club:


agitate

:< 拉丁語 agitatus——agitare 的过去分词 < agere （“移动”）。 对比法语 agiter、英语 act、agent。

（尤指为法律、社会状况的改变而）激烈争论，鼓动，煽动


ambulant

走动的；适宜于下床活动的


analogue

类似物，相似体
* 正體： 類比［電子計算機］


anemia

贫血症
參見：anemic


anesthetic

/ˌænəsˈθɛtɪk/


antiviral

抗病毒的
* 正體： 防毒的［電子計算機］


antivirus

抗病毒素
* 简体: 防病毒[信息科技]
* 正體: 防毒[計算機]
* 正體: 防毒[電子計算機]


appraisal

She hated that silent appraisal, watching someone compare her to a version that she might have been.

2020, Brit Bennett, The Vanishing Half, Dialogue Books，第 47 頁:


appreciative

有眼力..的，有欣赏力的; 感激的


arduous

源自拉丁語 arduus (“高耸的，险峻的，难以企及的，困难的，费事的”)，与愛爾蘭語 ard (“高的”)有关。

more arduous (comparative)
most arduous (superlative)

/ˈɑːd͡ʒuːəs/

/ˈɑːɹd͡ʒuəs/

The movement towards a peaceful settlement has been a long and arduous political struggle.

这个和平解决争端的努力是一场费时费力的政治斗争。

Chelsea survived and can now turn their attentions to the Champions League final against Bayern Munich in Germany later this month as they face an increasingly arduous task to finish in the Premier League's top four.

2012年May5日, Phil McNulty, “Chelsea 2-1 Liverpool”, 出自 BBC Sport:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:arduous。

Where flames the arduous Spirit of Isidore.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1805-1814, Dante, Henry Francis Cary (translator), The Divine Comedy

（因陡峭，险峻等）难以越过的

Beyond the river, an arduous slope rises 3286 feet in 13 miles.

1974, Sue Bowder, The American biking atlas & touring guide，第 77 頁:

Mike looked up from the arduous mountain trail. They'd been climbing for five hours and he was beginning to feel irritable.

1999, Scott Ciencin, Mike Fredericks, Dinoverse:

Survivor reaches as many as 28 million viewers who watch contestants win a new Pontiac or guzzle Mountain Dew after scaling an arduous cliff.

2006, Jack W. Plunkett, Plunkett's Entertainment & Media Industry Almanac 2006:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:arduous。


armament

军队, 武装力量; 军械; 武器, 备战


artery

晚期中古英語 arterie，借自古法語 artaire和拉丁語 artēria (“气管；动脉”)，源自古希臘語 ᾰ̓ρτηρῐ́ᾱ (ărtērĭ́ā, “气管；动脉”)。

As we age, the major arteries of our bodies frequently become thickened with plaque, a fatty material with an oatmeal-like consistency that builds up along the inner lining of blood vessels. The reason plaque forms isn’t entirely known, but it seems to be related to high levels of cholesterol inducing an inflammatory response, which can also attract and trap more cellular debris over time.

2013 July–August, Stephen P. Lownie, David M. Pelz, “Stents to Prevent Stroke”, 出自 American Scientist, 第 101 卷, 第 4 號, →DOI，第 292 頁:

The 98-mile Edinburgh-Carlisle 'Waverley Route' provided over a century of service as an Anglo-Scottish artery, prior to its closure by British Rail, and its loss provoked anger in the Scottish Borders.

2020年May6日, Graeme Pickering, “Borders Railway: time for the next step”, 出自 Rail，第 52 頁:


articulate

more articulate (comparative)
most articulate (superlative)

（尤指話語、發音）清晰的，清楚的；音節分明的；能說會道的，口齒伶俐的


articulate

清晰地發音，字正腔圓地說話

解釋，說明白，清楚地表達

以關節相連，以活節相連，掛鉤，鉸鏈接合


asthma

借自古希臘語 ἆσθμα (âsthma, “费力呼吸，哮喘”)。

"He kind of spat," said Piggy. "My auntie wouldn't let me blow on account of my asthma. He said you blew from down here." Piggy laid a hand on his jutting abdomen.

1954, William Golding, Lord of the Flies:

Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.

2013年June29日, “A punch in the gut”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8842 期，第 72–3 頁s:


attenuate

* 来自拉丁語 attenuāre，at-（= ad-） + tenuāre（变细）。


audiometer

听度计，听力计
* 正體: 測聽計[電機工程]


auditorium

借自拉丁語 audītōrium，源自audītōrius (“和听有关的”)。等价于auditory + -ium。


baffle

不详。可能与法語 bafouer (“藐视”)或已弃用的法語 befer (“嘲笑”)有关，经由苏格兰语bauchle (“羞辱”)。

hoodwink

欺骗 （16-18世纪）

deceive

欺骗 （16-18世纪）

使...困惑，使...不解，迷惑 （自17世纪）

I am baffled by the contradictions and omissions in the instructions.

指示里的自相矛盾和疏漏让我一头雾水。

无谓地挣扎 （19世纪）

A ship baffles with the winds.

制止，阻止，挫败 （自17世纪）

the art that baffles time's tyrannic claim

1798, William Cowper, On the Receipt of My Mother's Picture:

It may have been the failure of Christianity to emancipate itself from expiatory theories of moral responsibility, guilt, innocence, reward, punishment, and the rest of it, that baffled its intention of changing the world.

1898, George Bernard Shaw, Caesar and Cleopatra:

So they had to search the world again for a sphinx. And still there was none. But they were not men that it is easy to baffle, and at last they found a sphinx in a desert at evening watching a ruined temple whose gods she had eaten hundreds of years ago when her hunger was on her.

1915, Edward Plunkett, Lord Dunsany, Fifty-One Tales:

当众羞辱 （尤指骑士） （16-17世纪）

He by the heeles him hung upon a tree, / And baffuld so, that all which passed by / The picture of his punishment might see […].

1596, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book VI, Canto VII”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

欺骗 （16-18世纪）

pretences to baffle with his goodness

a. 1678 (date written), Isaac Barrow, “(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). The Duty of Prayer”, 出自 The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […], 第 (please specify |volume=I to VII) 卷, London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], 出版於 1830–1831, →OCLC:


baffle

（声音、光、液体等的）反射板，挡板

sound baffle
声障板

Tanker trucks use baffles to keep the liquids inside from sloshing around.


biostatistics

生物统计学
* 正體: 生物統計學[電子計算機]