stick in someone's craw

sticks in someone's craw
sticking in someone's craw
stuck in someone's craw

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-stick in someone's craw.ogg

使某人郁郁寡欢，使某人不爽

It really sticks in my craw that he never even asked me.

I will just cite you two of the matters referred to by Mr. Glavis in his letter to the President, and, from what I learn, seems to stick in the craw of Mr. Bowman.

1910, United States. Congress. Joint committee to investigate Interior dept. and Forestry service., Compilation of Letters, Telegrams, Reports and Other Documents Offered in Evidence:

There was a pennant chase that year that would stick in his craw and the craw of every Phillies fan forever.

2005, Robert Gordon, Tom Burgoyne, Movin on Up:


strike it rich

strikes it rich
striking it rich
struck it rich


VHS

Vertical Helical Scan的首字母缩略词，后被更改为Video Home System (“家用录像系统”)。

VHS录像带 （最初由日本公司JVC研制的视频录像带）

同類詞：Betamax、VCC、Video 2000

The curt take on VHS is that it is a dead format, a quaint and sham way to watch a movie. Regardless, to date, there are quantities of VHS titles not available on DVD, and that may never be.

2009, Jacques Boyreau, Portable Grindhouse: The Lost Art of the VHS Box，第 5 頁:

There is, it turns out, much demand for these old VHS tapes, price tags notwithstanding, and despite post-2006 advancements in technology.

2021年February20日, Hannah Selinger, “Who Is Still Buying VHS Tapes?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


for a song

[T]he contents of aircraft that once commanded prices up to $148m are now being sold off for a song after being torn apart in Gloucestershire's aviation charnel house.

2009年December11日, “Jet Cemetery: Where Airplanes Go to Die”, 出自 Businessweek:

In his senior year, he had run across an old '66 Chevy Super Sport headed for the junkyard, bought it for a song, and overhauled it with his dad's help, turning it into the big red muscle car it was back in its day.

2011, Kat Martin, A Song for My Mother, Vanguard Press,, →ISBN，第 200 頁:

He bought it for a song in 1984 compared with what his fellow financiers were spending on tonier Park and Fifth Avenues.

2013年August16日, Robin Finn, “A Former Madoff Penthouse Goes Back on the Market”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


pop in

同類詞：stop off

She's popped in a couple of times on her way back from the fields to see if there's any news of the littl'un.

2009, Ann Neve, Footsteps in the Sea, Troubador Publishing Ltd, →ISBN，第 217 頁:


wayfare

源自中古英語 weyfaren，原为分词形式weyfarand，源自古英語 weġfarende (“旅行中的”)，等价于way + faring。同源词包括丹麥語 vejfarende (“旅行中的”)、瑞典語 vägfarande、德語 wegfahren (“驶离”)、冰島語 vegfarandi (“旅行中的”)。还见way、fare。

What frightens and disgusts me is those fearful letters from those who have been long dead, to those who linger on their wayfare through this valley of tears.

1827年May13日, Sir Walter Scott, The Journal of Sir Walter Scott:


wayfare

wayfares
wayfaring
wayfore
wayfared
wayfaren
wayfared


DEFCON

（美国武装部队的）戒备状态，战备等级

DEFCON 4


DefCon

DEFCON的另一種寫法


ad nauseam

非同化借詞，源自拉丁語 ad nauseam，源自ad (“到”) + nauseam (“晕船，恶心”)，nausea的宾格。

A drunk person was repeating the same old story ad nauseam.

一个醉鬼一直在讲同一个故事，大家都听烦了。

The Feelings album flew off the shelves, and Albert became a pop sensation - until, thanks to airplay ad nauseam, radio listeners grew weary of his sentiments.

1990, Wayne Jancik, The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN，第 325 頁:


ad nauseam

The Feelings album flew off the shelves, and Albert became a pop sensation—until, thanks to airplay ad nauseam, radio listeners grew weary of his sentiments.


ad nauseum

源自ad nauseam，受到了常见拉丁语词尾-um的影响。

If Miss McFlimsey has neat ankles, she can wear short dresses: if she has clumsy ones she can wear a trail; if she is inclined to be (pardon the word) “scrawny,” she can indulge in expensive skirts and protuberant “panniers;” if inclined to embonpoint, she can discard these and “gore” her robes; if her neck and arms are exquisitely moulded, she can undrape their dazzling charms; if bone predominates over plumpitude, she can cover them from the gaze of flying eyes; if she has a disease of the spine, she need not sport “the Grecian bend;” if she is unfortunately healthy, she can call in the aid of that modern deformity—and so on, ad infinitum and ad nauseum.

1869年January10日, “The Dress Question”, 出自 Daily Missouri Republican, 第 XLVII 卷, 第 9 期, St. Louis, Mo.，第 [2] 頁，第 3 列:


set straight

sets straight
setting straight
set straight

I'd like to set straight some misconceptions about recent events.

我想纠正一下最近的误解。

He misspoke, but I quietly set him straight.

他说错话了，然后我纠正了他。

Your bedroom is a mess. Set things straight before you go out tonight.

你的卧室乱成一团。你今晚出门之前整理一下。


antiquated

more antiquated (comparative)
most antiquated (superlative)

Coming to the third proposition, von Hertling says, with justice, that the doctrine of the balance of power is a more or less antiquated doctrine.

1918, Arthur Balfour, Response to Woodrow Wilsons Speech of 11 February 1918:

A root-and-branch reform of our antiquated passenger fares system is urgently needed if the rail industry is to fill the £2 billion annual black hole in its finances caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

2022年November16日, Howard Johnston, “Network News: Haines: fares reform essential to reclaim lost revenue”, 出自 RAIL, 第 970 期，第 20 頁:


antiquate

源自拉丁語 antīquātus，antīquāre的过去分词。
英语词antique + -ate。


kerfuffle

可能源自低地蘇格蘭語 curfuffle，等价于ker- + fuffle，或与愛爾蘭語 cíor thuathail (“困惑”)有关。类似现代威爾士語 cythrwfl (“麻烦，动乱”)

brouhaha

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

donnybrook

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

fracas

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

hubbub

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

hullabaloo

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

mess

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

racket

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

混乱，吵闹，骚动 [自19世纪]

You know all this kerfuffle about Jordan and Peter Andre, and how you don’t know if they’re really splitting up or it’s just an act[…]

2009年May22日, Stuart Heritage, “Jon & Kate Latest: People You Don’t Know Do Crap You Don’t Care About”, 出自 (請指定書籍名或刊物名):

There's been a bit of a kerfuffle the past couple days over something Sarah Palin said about Paul Revere.

2011年June6日, Mark Memmott, “Sarah Palin's Had Her Say; Now Let's Hear From Paul Revere”, 出自 The Two-Way, National Public Radio:

The debate seemed innocuous—a minor kerfuffle, but nothing that couldn’t be resolved and moved on from.

2023年May28日, Nadia Asparouhova, “Remembering GitHub's Office, a Monument to Tech Culture”, 出自 Wired, →ISSN:


titillate

源自拉丁語 tītillātus，源自tītillō, tītillāre (“使...发痒”)。

The dancer titillated her audience with gyrations and suggestive movements.


let sleeping dogs lie

lets sleeping dogs lie
letting sleeping dogs lie
let sleeping dogs lie

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-let sleeping dogs lie.ogg

Eventually, they decided it would be best to let sleeping dogs lie and not discuss the matter any further.

最后，他们决定多一事不如少一事，不再谈论这个话题。

But, leaving novelists alone, on the whole we find in real life that if speech is silvern, silence is essentially golden, and that more harm is done by saying too much than by saying too little; above all, that infinite mischief arises by not letting sleeping dogs lie.

1868年August29日, “Sleeping Dogs”, 出自 The Saturday Review of Politics, Literature, Science, and Art, 第 26 卷, 第 670 號，第 287 頁:

Sometimes you just had to let stuff go. Endlessly rehashing old hurts just made things worse. It was far better, I'd learned, to let sleeping dogs lie.

2016, Helene Becker, Let Sleeping Dogs Lie, Orca Book Publishers, →ISBN，第 217 頁:

Crystal might have said that those perfect lips were zipped, but the kidnappers had no way of knowing that. Should he let sleeping dogs lie?

2019, Kate Atkinson, Big Sky, →ISBN，第 261 頁:


forlorner

forlorn 的比較級形式。


forlornest

forlorn的最高級形式。


schtickle

借自意第緒語 שטיקל (shtikl)。

有關本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:schtickle。


faint of heart

more faint of heart (comparative)
most faint of heart (superlative)


sound asleep

When Frere had come down, an hour before, the prisoners were all snugly between their blankets. They were not so now; though, at the first clink of the bolts, they would be back again in their old positions, to all appearances sound asleep.

1874, Marcus Clarke, 章號 V, 出自 For the Term of His Natural Life:


mangy

mangier (comparative)
mangiest (superlative)

感染兽疥癣的；好似长满兽疥癣的

We stayed in a really mangy hotel in New York.

我们住在了纽约的一个破烂酒店。

Specter Knight: 'YOUR QUEST TO BECOME KING OF CARDS HAS NOT... GONE UNNOTICED.' / King Knight: 'AH, WORD HAS REACHED THE SLUMS, HAS IT? AM I TO TRAVEL WITH AN ENTOURAGE OF MANGY BEGGARS, NOW?'

2019 December 10, Yacht Club Games, Shovel Knight: King of Cards，Nintendo 3DS，關卡/區域：Spectral Ravine:


sleight

源自中古英語 sleighte、sleyght、sleythe，源自古諾爾斯語 slœgð (“狡猾的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *slōgiþō，源自*slōgiz (“狡猾的”)（→英語 sly）。slöjd 的同源對似詞/sloyd。

妙招；灵巧的表演，灵巧的手艺

If men have so many sleights to compass their matters, how can the compasser himself hold his fingers?

1866, Henry Smith, Thomas Fuller, The Sermons of Mr. Henry Smith，第 37 頁:


death throe

死前发出的声音或作出的动作

Uncle Roger, in his death throes, made a sound and reached outward.

Roger叔叔临死前喊了一声，手向外伸了一下。

机器损坏前最后的动作或制作的最后物品

As part of its death throes, the printer made a grinding sound and then never worked again.

这台打印机坏之前发出了一阵摩擦声，然后就再也用不了了。


quickwitted

more quickwitted (comparative)
most quickwitted (superlative)

She was far too quick-witted to miss the implications of what he was saying.

机敏的她没有错过他话里的意思。


cotton on

“That is what most people in the country have thought about the Tory party for decades. […] Tory MPs largely do not care about these poorer people. They don’t care about the NHS. And the public has kind of cottoned on to that.”

2019年July30日, Rowena Mason, “Dominic Cummings said Tory MPs do not care about poor people or NHS”, 出自 The Guardian:

In the late aughts, a number of entrepreneurs cottoned on to the idea of reducing emissions by producing fake meat that carnivores could love.

2023年July9日, Annie Lowrey, “Open Your Mind to Unicorn Meat”, 出自 The Atlantic:


cut one's losses

cuts one's losses
cutting one's losses
cut one's losses

But our culture has reinforced the belief that a good marriage just happens, and if it doesn't, you should simply cut your losses and move on to the next partner. After all, that's what we see in the movies.

2007, Catherine Weber, A Woman's Guide to Overcoming Depression, Baker Books, →ISBN，第 47 頁:

I mentioned already in this chapter that you need to cut your losses before they drag you down. No matter how much it hurts and no matter how much you believe that you are right, you need to close out a losing position and move on.

2011, Ann C. Logue, Day Trading For Dummies, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，第 43 頁:

Sometimes when things are not going as you expected, it's better to cut your losses and move on than to hang on and deal with the stress, financial drain, emotional drag, and loss of time.

2017, Meera Lester, Rituals for Life: Find Meaning in Your Everyday Moments, Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，第 174 頁:


Old Man Winter

冬天老人 （英语中对冬天的拟人称呼）

It is interesting how we personalize or humanize certain forces which we cannot control like "Mother Nature" and "Old Man Winter".

2002, Robert H. Claxton, Claxton on Williams and Duedall, Florida Hurricanes and Tropical Storms, 1871-2001:

[…] the media like to humanize the weather, to suggest that we’re in some kind of grim battle with Old Man Winter when it’s cold or snowy […]

2001, Sara Foss, The Daily Gazette: Speaking of the weather:

They also have humanized time and weather, with such references as "Father Time" and "Old Man Winter", "Mother Earth" and "Hurricane Floyd".

2003, Scotland Miles, Don't Take Me To Your Leader, →ISBN，第 28–29 頁s:


fend off

They tried citronella to fend off the mosquitos, to no avail.

他们想用香茅来驱蚊，但是没有效果。

防止...撞击过重 （船等）


soppy

soppier (comparative)
soppiest (superlative)

Yarmouth […] looked rather spongy and soppy, I thought, as I carried my eye over the great dull waste that lay across the river; and I could not help wondering, if the world were really as round as my geography book said, how any part of it came to be so flat.

1849 May – 1850 November, Charles Dickens, The Personal History of David Copperfield, London: Bradbury & Evans, […], 出版於 1850, →OCLC:

'Goodness me!' said I to myself, 'whatever will become of sister's white satin shoes, if she has to walk about on soppy grass after such rain as this?'

1865, Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell, Wives and Daughters, Chapter I:

"[…] It's unfortunate, if I happen to look like what pleased some soppy old Greek sculptor, but I assure you that if it weren't for my face I'd be a quiet nun in the convent without"—then she broke into a run and her raised voice floated back to him as he followed—"my precious babies, which I must go back and see."

1920, F. Scott Fitzgerald, 章號 4, 出自 This Side of Paradise, 第 1 卷:


man of the cloth

clergyman

（男性的）牧师；神职人员

（男性的）牧师；神职人员


rock the boat

rocks the boat
rocking the boat
rocked the boat

Just when I'm asking myself if it's worth it to rock the boat and wondering if I should compromise, something will happen to keep me going. Like one year I got an award from a women's group for, "exposing the jockocratic values of society.

1984, Jim Bouton, Ball Four Plus Ball，第 410 頁:

I'd just jump in and fix it, but that's not my job, and I don't want to rock the boat.

我可以插手把它修好，但是这不是我的活，我可不想乱了规矩。


come apart

comes apart
coming apart
came apart
come apart

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见come、apart。

The jigsaw puzzle will come apart if you try to pick it up.

这个七巧板拿起来的会就会全散开。

My old clothes are all coming apart.


far cry

指的是在苏格兰宗族之间互送的使者和传话人。

Life in the big city was a far cry from his upbringing on a quiet, small farm.

大城市里的生活与他在安静的小农场有天壤之别。

The perineometer of Kagele was unheard of and the hormonology of today is a far cry from the rather crude and relatively weak hormones available in the early and mid-thirties.

1951 July, Richard D. Reekie, “Critical Analysis of Recent Advances in Gynecology”, 出自 Northwest Medicine, 第 50 卷, 第 7 期, Portland, Ore.: Northwest Medical Publishing Association，第 508 頁:

Brienne intervenes in the story of Jaime Lannister, adding to his legend with the exploits she believes paint the picture of him that deserves to live on. Her words are a far cry from those Jaime used to describe himself at their last encounter, instead recounting his deeds and ending with the simple, “He died protecting his queen,” a sentence that belies the complicated mix of nobility and tragedy entwined in his actions.

2019年May19日, Alex McLevy, “The final Game Of Thrones brings a pensive but simple meditation about stories (newbies)”, 出自 The A.V. Club:

It's a far cry from a previous trip on a Class 150, where the set wheezed and vibrated so much as it staggered up Dainton Bank that I thought it was going to shake itself to bits!

2020年December2日, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, 出自 Rail，第 65 頁:


far cry

指的是在苏格兰宗族之间互送的使者和传话人。

a far cry taller


draw a blank

draws a blank
drawing a blank
drew a blank
drawn a blank

I should know that person's name, but I'm drawing a blank.

我应该知道那个人的名字，但是我想不起来了。

"Oh," she replied, "when I came to think of it, I saw, that you were right. I thought, 'twas quite likely it [the lottery ticket] would draw a blank.[…]"

1856, Lucius Manlius Sargent, Dealings with the Dead, 第 2 卷，第 472 頁:

When she brainstormed about what else she would do, where else she would go, her mind drew a blank.

2022, Ling Ma, “Office Hours”, 出自 Bliss Montage, New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, →ISBN:


tough crowd

Plautus, Terence and the other Roman comic writers had to write for a tough crowd.

2000, Andrew Horton, Laughing out loud: writing the comedy-centered screenplay，第 51 頁:


have it in one

has it in one
having it in one
had it in one

Do you have it in you to show any respect, politeness, patience, or, God forbid, an ounce of forbearance?

MAC: Who’s the father, Juno? JUNO: Um… it’s Paulie Bleeker. MAC: Paulie Bleeker? I didn’t think he had it in him.


Adam and Eve

Cain and Abel were the sons of Adam and Eve.

該隱與亞伯是亞當與夏娃的兒子。

Well, I spied me a girl and before she could leave / I said “Let’s go and play Adam and Eve”

1963, Bob Dylan （作曲作詞）, “Talkin' World War III Blues”, 出自 The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan:

In his own unique way, he was a radical—him and that sister of his, Lucida. Radicals with inbuilt longevity—a regular Adam and Eve who would add healthy genes to Earth's decaying gene pool.

2004, Paul Collins, The Earthborn，第 71 頁:


Adam and Eve

Adam and Eves
Adam and Eving
Adam and Eved

Would you Adam and Eve it: I’ve only gone an’ lost me wallet, ain’t I?


only a mother could love

源自母亲本能地爱自己的后代的说法。

非常难看的，非常恶心的，非常讨厌的

There was an interesting face beneath the spots, I thought as I looked at him, but at the moment at which fate rang our doorbell it was still a face only a mother could love, which was a problem for the boy on our doorstep.

Mark was someone only a mother could love—but I did feel sorry for his mother.

2009, Tyler R. Tichelaar, The Only Thing That Lasts，第 164 頁:

Sometimes, when he does something that only a mother could love, I get scared.

It was a wreath only a mother could love.

2016, Amy Newmark, Chicken Soup for the Soul:

It was a song that only a mother could love.

2019, Ian Brennan, Silenced by Sound: The Music Meritocracy Myth:

The resulting animal, it was said, was one only a mother could love.


war chest

[…]the holdings of the state (the war chest plus other cash balances)[…]

2003, Hew Strachan, The First World War, Oxford University Press:


pull punches

源自拳击用语，20世纪20年代。

pulls punches
pulling punches
pulled punches

hold back

行事谨慎克制；（尤指）小心说话避免惹麻烦

Traditionally on Okinawa (if 'traditionally' is the right word to use), protectors had been worn during sparring practise because the trainees believed that, to be effective, one should not train to pull punches.

2017, Mark D Bishop, Zen Odyssey, An Okinawan Karate & Martial Arts Journey, Lulu.com, →ISBN，第 228 頁:

行事谨慎克制；（尤指）小心说话避免惹麻烦

I did not pull any punches when I told them my thoughts.

我告诉他们我的想法时没有留情。

The key here is not to pull punches. Tell it to 'em straight. Don't point fingers. But don't avoid painful truths.

2005, Nick Morgan, Give Your Speech, Change the World: How To Move Your Audience to Action, Harvard Business Review Press, →ISBN，第 78 頁:

Father Charles Owen Rice was not one to pull punches, particularly when it came to confronting what he viewed as hypocritical behavior among Catholics.

2010, Kenneth J. Heineman, Catholic New Deal: Religion and Reform in Depression Pittsburgh, Penn State Press, →ISBN，第 75 頁:

This arresting autobiographical novel pulls no punches; rather, it lands them on the reader as frequently as fists descend on its subject.

2017年February1日, Neil Bartlett, “The End of Eddy by Édouard Louis review – a childhood in hell”, 出自 The Guardian, →ISSN:

A few weeks ago, Ursula von der Leyen, president of the European Commission, released an open letter that pulled no punches.

2021年February10日, Thomas L. Friedman, “Cyberspace Plus Trump Almost Killed Our Democracy. Can Europe Save Us?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


fair and square

more fair and square (comparative)
most fair and square (superlative)

We won the game fair and square.

我们光明正大地赢了那场比赛。

He said they give licenses now to steal — steal folks'es senses away, and then they would steal every thing else, and murder, and tear round into every kind of wickedness. But he didn't ask that. He wanted things done fair and square: he jest wanted to steal horses. He was goin' West, and he thought he could do a good business, and lay up something. If he had a license, he shouldn't be afraid of bein' shot up, or shot.

1885, Marietta Holley, Sweet Cicely; or, Josiah Allen as a politician，第 177 頁:

They had crawled in and staked the land and stood ready to shoot those of us who came in, fair and square, in the Run.

For the "Most Accurate Assessment of an International Situation" the unanimous winner is the Republican U.S. Senate hopeful from California, S.E. Hayakawa. He said, "Of course we should keep the Panama Canal, we stole it fair and square."

1976年October28日, Charlie Waters, 引 S. I. Hayakawa, “First biennial Harold Stassen Awards”, 出自 The Prescott Courier:


fair and square

It was a fair and square deal. We won. And we won in the Senate. And it's in the bill. And I didn't think we could beat them, but we did.

1995, Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States，第 1436 頁:


mean-spirited

more mean-spirited (comparative)
most mean-spirited (superlative)

狭隘的，小心眼的；心怀不轨的

My old acquaintances would sneer at me as a mean-spirited cur, whose best exploit was to get in jail.

1877, Edward Payson Roe, 章號 15, 出自 A Knight Of The Nineteenth Century:


all bark and no bite

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-all bark and no bite.ogg

光说不做的，雷声大雨点小的，光说不练的


when push comes to shove

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-when push comes to shove.ogg

危急情况下，万不得已的时候

He is not a particularly talented builder, but when push comes to shove, he can usually get the job done.

他不是特别有天赋的建筑工，但是紧急情况下他还是能完成工作。

"We've demonstrated that when push comes to shove, we can be really fast, we can be agile, we can do things more slickly.

2020年May20日, Andrew Haines talks to Stefanie Foster, “Repurpose rail for the 2020s”, 出自 Rail，第 35 頁:


drop like flies

drops like flies
dropping like flies
dropped like flies

Seymour: Audrey, quick! We've got to do an emergency [flower] arrangement.

1986, Little Shop of Horrors (1986 film)

Hit 'em with a left, a left, and a right / Got 'em dropping like flies with the stars in their eyes

2017, Stray From The Path （作曲作詞）, “Good Night Alt-Right”:


people person

people persons (plural)
people people (plural)


people-person

people-persons (plural)
people-people (plural)


face the music

起源不明。首次出现于19世纪。可能源自戏剧行业或军队：“music”可能指真实的音乐，即演员在面对可能有敌意的观众时聆听到的乐池中的音乐，或指退伍仪式中军乐团所演奏的音乐；“音乐”也可能是一种黑色幽默，是对战场上噪音的委婉的表达。

faces the music
facing the music
faced the music

接受或面对不愉快的结果；自食其果


munges

munge 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


adure

借自拉丁語 adūrō。

Such a degree of heat, which doth neither melt nor scorch, doth mellow, and not adure.

1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, 出自 Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:


emplaces

emplace 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dialogues

dialogue 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


divinizes

divinize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


divinize

As to the tendency to divinise these totems, this arises no doubt partly out of question (2).

1920, Edward Carpenter, Pagan and Christian Creeds, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.，第 57 頁:


diverges

diverge 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


slush fund

原指水手贩卖slush (“一种油脂混合物”)得到的钱。

He is said to have used his party’s slush fund to buy votes in the election.

据称，他用自己政党的非法资金来在选举中买票。

7: CERN bestows slush fund on the LHC. Take all pennies from the CERN space.

2008年September28日, Illiad [pen name; J. D. Frazer], “The Large Hadron Collider Game”, 出自 Userfriendly.org，於2019-05-07歸檔自原頁面:

To do this, [the Lord Mayor] has at his disposal a multibillion-pound slush fund for use in lobbying the UK government and governments around the world to bring in laws that are friendly to banks and multinational companies.

2017, Jason Hickel, “The Tax Evaders”, 出自 The Divide […] , London: William Heinemann, →ISBN:

未抵押资金；（某种用途的或用途被改变的）资金

A slush fund is a sum of money that is set aside as a reserve. In accounting, a slush fund is a general ledger account of commingled funds that does not have a designated purpose. In more sinister cases, a slush fund may be used as a "black fund," which is unaccounted for and kept off the books.

2021年June28日, Daniel Liberto, “Slush Fund”, 出自 Investopedia:


off the books

His company was fined for paying staff off the books.

他的公司因给员工发工资不报税而被罚款。


off-the-books

off the books的另一種拼寫法 （仅前接于名词）


landwhale

There is nothing else to hit on here except fat girls so the landwhales just assume that since they have no problem getting dates that it's all right to be fat.

1985, John J. Burke IV, "One male's opinion" [letter to the editor], The Pointer (University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point), Volume 29, Number 13, 21 November 1985, page 28:

That's less lazy people getting Social Security, or taking jobs that us normal-sized people need. Eat yourself to death, landwhales!

2006 October, “Hearsay”, 出自 Skinnie Magazine，第 24 頁:

The Captain guy was talking now. Sounded official. Trim build. Looked in good shape for someone in his fifties. 源自what he could scope out. Interesting. Not all Americans were landwhales by thirty.

2014, Brock Barrack, Touch Wood, iUniverse, 出版於 2010, →ISBN:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:landwhale。

That jerk did such a bad job parking his landwhale that it's taking up four parking spaces!

"It's getting close to Timmy's bedtime, so we won't stay long. I suppose you heard us arrive. We'll be staying outside tonight in that land whale we drove up in."

2012, Linda Townsley, The Dream Singer, WestBow Press, 出版於 2012, →ISBN:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:landwhale。


down bad

Walter was down bad after his wife had left him.

Walter的妻子离开他以后，他难过不已。

He was down bad over that disrespectful girl.

他喜欢上了那个没礼貌的女孩。


hospitalizes

hospitalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


horrorize

Ely's method was to enlarge himself by praising up his cousin and to pleasure himself by horrorizing the men with true faithful portrayals of pirates caught and hanged, […]

1945, Robert Hardy Andrews, Burning Gold，第 108 頁:

Their ruthless divinities portrayed them as an uncivilized people with extremely low morality by letting these small gods terrorize and horrorize the common people with uncommon sense and vicious brutality.

1997, Raji Dabit, War & Peace: Between Israel & Its Neighbors，第 2 頁:


horrorizes

horrorize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


hydrolyses

hydrolyse 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


humidifies

humidify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


doozy

不详。可能源自daisy (“雏菊”)或意大利女演员Eleonora Duse（埃莱奥诺拉·杜斯）之名。常有说法错误地称其源自汽车公司Duesenberg，但该词出现比这一公司成立早十多年。另可能源自波蘭語 duży，于20世纪00年代左右由波兰移民潮引入美国。(這個詞源⁽⁺⁾能找到來源嗎？)

lulu

麻烦的，棘手的； 厉害的

麻烦的，棘手的； 厉害的

Most of the test was easy, but the last question was a doozy.

那场考试大部分题都简单，但是最后一题挺难的。

Like the em unit, the rem unit is based on declared font size. The difference — and it’s a doozy — is that whereas em is calculated using the font size of the element to which it’s applied, rem is always calculated using the root element.

2017, Eric A Meyer, Estelle Weyl, CSS: The Definitive Guide: Visual Presentation for the Web, Kindle版, O'Reilly Media，第 126 頁:


doozy

doozier (comparative)
dooziest (superlative)

厉害的，很好的，牛屄的 （1903）

As soon as the races were billed he began to evolve Schemes — one Doozy scheme followed the other...

1903, Alfred Leon Kleberg, Slang Fables from Afar，第 83 頁:

The hydra wasn't the doozy? How could it not be the doozy? What could be doozier than that?

2011, “Feeling Pinkie Keen”, 出自 My Little Pony: Friendship is Magic:

花哨的，俗艳的 （1911）

Who was that doozy fellow I saw you with?

1917, Elsie Warnock, “Terms of approbation and eulogy in American dialect speech”, 出自 Dialect Notes, 第 IV 卷，第 21 頁:

Sweetie, do let me show you the dooziest little afternoon frock that Poiret designed for me in Paris.

1920, Jane Barrett, “English review”, 出自 High School Life, 第 21 卷，第 531 頁:


horrifies

horrify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


incombers

incomber 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


incombered

incomber 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


incombering

incomber 的現在時分詞和動名詞


incubes

incube 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


modernizes

modernize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


moline

借自盎格魯-諾曼語 molin (“磨坊”)，源自晚期拉丁語 molinum (“磨坊”)，源自molere (“磨，碾”)。

放置在主轴上支撑磨盘上部的十字铁


monitorize

The microsystem, interfaced to the instrumentation system, monitorizes computed values on digital display and analogic plotter.

1982, G. Niemeyer, Techniques in Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision，第 55 頁:

Two mini peak flow meters commonly used to monitorize the peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) are compared to assess their agreement, precision and, with respect to a standard pneumotachygraph, accuracy.

1989, R Pistelli, “Comparison of The Performance of Two Mini Peak Flow Meters”, 出自 Respiration, 第 56 卷，第 103 頁:


monitorizes

monitorize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


monologues

monologue 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


monopolizes

monopolize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


seethe

动词派生自中古英語 sethen、seeth (“沸腾；煮沸；...”) [以及其他形式]，源自古英語 sēoþan (“沸腾；煮沸；...”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *seuþaną (“沸腾,煮沸”)，源自原始印歐語 *h₂sewt-、*h₂sew-、*h₂sut- (“四处移动；沸”)。
名词派生自动词。
同源词
* 阿爾巴尼亞語 zjej (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 丹麥語 syde (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 荷蘭語 zieden (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 德語 sieden (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 哥特語 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (sauþs, “祭品”)
* 冰島語 sjóða (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 低地德語 seden (“煮沸”)
* 書面挪威語 syde (“t煮沸，沸腾”)
* 新挪威語 sjoda、syda (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 低地蘇格蘭語 seth、seith (“煮沸”)
* 瑞典語 sjuda (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 西弗里斯蘭語 siede (“沸腾”)

bubble

（像沸腾一般）冒泡，翻滚

Deep Hell! that seethest in thy simmering pit; / Thy thousand throned horrors shall not vie, / Or ever compass it!

1887, Madison J[ulius] Cawein, “Aspiration”, 出自 Blooms of the Berry, Lewisville, Ky.: John P. Morton and Company, […], →OCLC，第 17 頁:

（像沸腾一般）冒泡，翻滚

Shock Box was the skankiest bar in Hasted, complete with a cheesy jukebox, cheap pints, and a sweaty club in the basement that seethed every weekend with a superhorny boarding-school crowd.

2011 February, Kate Kingsley, 章號 30, 出自 Kiss & Break Up (Young, Loaded, and Fabulous), New York, N.Y.: Simon Pulse, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，第 201 頁:

（指某地）骚乱，群情激奋

将...煮过头； （以喝酒）使...迟钝 （身体，心智等）

Floriſhing vvits and men of good parts, good faſhion, good vvorth, baſely proſtitute themſelues to euery rogues company, to take Tobacco, and drinke, to ſing ſcurrile ſongs. […] They drovvn their vvits, ſeeth their braines in ale, […]

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Mirth and Merry Company Remedies”, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 2, section 2, member 6, subsection 4，第 380 頁:

将...煮沸，炖煮；保持...煮沸

So many dead bodies were quartered, that the executioner stood ankle deep in blood. He was assisted by a poor man whose loyalty was suspected, and who was compelled to ransom his own life by seething the remains of his friends in pitch.

1849, Thomas Babington Macaulay, 章號 V, 出自 The History of England from the Accession of James II, 第 I 卷, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC，第 634 頁:

When he had cooked or seethed the Peace-offering, the priest took the sodden shoulder of the ram and one unleavened cake out of the basket and one unleavened wafer and put them upon the hands of the Nazirite and waved them.

1933, “Nazir (‘The Nazirite-vow’)”, 出自 Herbert Danby（譯者）, The Mishnah […], London; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, 3rd division (Nashim (‘Women’)), paragraph 6.9，第 289 頁:

Seethe some of that in Gar Vindisc's good water and bring it to us. Bread, too, as long as you don't make it from shellbacks.

2010, James Enge, Travellers’ Rest, Amherst, N.Y.: Pyr Books, →ISBN:

Elixation is the ſeething of meat in the ſtomack, by the ſaid naturall heat, as meat is boyled in a pot; […]

1638, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Of the Soule and Her Faculties”, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy. […], 5th版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed [by Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 1, member 2, subsection 5，第 20 頁:


seethe

沸腾；滚烫；热闹，沸沸扬扬


gobble up

（很快地）消耗，用掉，吞噬

supper gobbled up in haste

1728, Jonathan Swift, The Journal of a Modern Lady:

The city grew over the years by gobbling up land around its limits.

那座城市近年来通过吸收其周围地土地不断扩建。


preppy

preppier (comparative)
more preppy (comparative)
preppiest (superlative)
most preppy (superlative)

posh

预科学校的 （比如服装方面）

预科学校的 （比如服装方面）

I'll pick you up after the party. Let's see, there'll be all that deep preppy conversation, preppy dancing, piles of preppy fun. Party starts at nine, I'll pick you up at nine fifteen.

1983, Alan Eisenstock, Larry Mintz, High School U.S.A. (motion picture), 角色 Jay-Jay Manners（Michael J. Fox）:

So, Jam, who did your wardrobe, Tad the preppie sailboat captain?

1999, Carl V. Dupré, Detroit Rock City (motion picture), 角色 Trip（James DeBello）:


preppy

预科生 （自20世纪中叶）

同類詞：(英国) prepper


boonies

boondocks 的截斷形式 + -ies，形似单数为*boony (“偏远地”)的一哥复数形式。原由越南战争中的美军士兵所造，用于指越南的农村地带，与西贡（现胡志明市）相对。

偏远地，穷乡僻壤，鸟不拉屎的地方


imbibes

imbibe 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


considerin

considerin in her mind ... iffen the pleasure o gatherin some pokeberries an drawin dark purple picthures on a flat rock wi em would be worth the trouble...

2014, Lewis Carroll, Byron W. Sewell, Victoria J. Sewell, Alice's Adventures in an Appalachian Wonderland, Evertype,, →ISBN，第 5 頁:


aberrate

源自拉丁語 aberrātus，aberrō (“游荡，偏离”)的过去分词，ab (“出，离”) + errō (“偏离”)。

偏离，走偏，畸变 （18世纪中叶）

[…] the surfaces of the concave lens may be so proportioned as to aberrate exactly equal to the convex lens, near the axis […]

1765, Peter Dollond, letter to James Short dated 7 February, 1765, in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Volume 55, London, 1766, p. 55,

Such, indeed, were the primitive regulations of the greater number of monastic institutions; but the abominable and luxurious indulgences into which they afterwards aberrated, the page of history amply unfolds.

1812, John Brady, Clavis Calendaria, 第 I 卷, London，第 229 頁:

[…] the barriers, which to them limit the view, and give to it, together with the contraction, all the distinctness and definite outline of limitation, are, in nine cases out of ten, the product of their own defective and aberrating vision, and not real barriers at all.

1839, Thomas De Quincey, “Lake Reminiscences: No. V, Southey, Wordsworth, and Coleridge” originally published in Tait’s Magazine, August 1839, in David Masson (editor), The Collected Writings of Thomas De Quincey, London: A. & C. Black, 1896, Volume 2, Chapter 5, pp. 340-341,

[…] after all the Governor of a Southern state has got to try to act like he regrets having to aberrate from being a gentleman—

1951, William Faulkner, Requiem for a Nun, New York: Vintage, 出版於 1975, act 2, scene 2，第 173–174 頁s:

使...偏离，使...变形，使...畸变 （19世纪末叶）

He saw them through no aberrating mist of tenderness or expediency—but with the single directness of the man of action.

1893, Bret Harte, Sally Dows, Chapter 6, in Sally Dows and Other Stories, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, p. 104,

He and Phœbe had had a senseless quarrel […] and she had left. It was an aberrated fulfillment of her old jesting threat that if he did not behave himself she would leave him.

1918, Theodore Dreiser, “The Lost Phœbe”, 出自 Free and Other Stories, New York: Boni and Liveright，第 122 頁:

Don’t imagine that there was any sudden and complete renunciation such as overcomes the luckless and often temporarily aberrated victim of a highly emotionalized revival meeting; this would have been, at best, but temporary.

1934, Archibald Belaney, 章號 1, 出自 Pilgrims of the Wild, London: Lovat Dickson & Thompson, 出版於 1935:

[…] sexually aberrated individuals can be treated most successfully via the method of psycho-analytic psychotherapy.

1950, Louis S. London, Sexual Deviations, cited in reviews in Time, 17 April, 1950 (“Medicine: The Abnormal”) and Journal of the Indiana State Medical Association, Volume 43, August, 1950, p. 802,

As these monographs and as these occasional exhibition catalogues on some handful of Canadian Impressionists started to appear, once again, I was surprised (to say it with the utmost respect) that they were aberrated, there was no timeline, there was no continuity.

2014年December5日, James Adams, “Group of who? A new book paints the fullest picture yet of Canada’s vision of Impressionism”, 出自 The Globe and Mail:


aberrator

Plexiglass aberrators
In this experiment we wanted to test the ability of the system to compensate for high order aberrations. We placed a plexiglass sheet halfway between the transmitter and the receiver.

1999, Gordon D. Love, Adaptive Optics For Industry And Medicine - Proceedings:


refinances

refinance 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


medise

medize在非牛津英式的标准拼写


medises

medise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


insurge

Thus before July, 1855, Spain was again convulsed, and Catalonia insurged under Cabecilla Marsal, the Carlist chief.

1856, The Dublin University Magazine: A Literary and Political Journal，第 295 頁:

Well then, the insurgents who insurged against the other insurgents of 4th September said very wisely, that they were just as good as the other side; and certainly they had equal right with them.

1866, Belgravia, Belgravia, a London magazine, conducted by M.E. Braddon，第 334 頁:

They have been trying to do enough insurging to satisfy the insurgents in their district, but they will not do any more. They have done just enough to show their political interest in the question with which they are confronted[…]

Will the Insurgents, who did the work of the big importers in undermining our Tariff dam, now find as much to flatter them in the importing press as they did when insurging for a general smashing of schedule K and […]
Senator Cummins of Iowa was the original Insurgent and an early and ardent advocate of fake reciprocity. […] Naturally that Iowa idea became marvelously popular in Iowa, and the sons of the soil rose up and insurged mightily.

The Old Guard was on Taft's side, not other way around, as the insurgents complained. […] In opposing the President, there was no political downside for the Senate insurgents. […] Instead, the insurgents insurged.

2007年January9日, Michael L. Bromley, William Howard Taft and the First Motoring Presidency, 1909_1913, McFarland, →ISBN，第 243 頁:

Shocking as this may sound, I had recognized Insurgents before. They were our brothers, after all. They had rebelled and insurged, then gone out to the mucky marshes to plan our complete destruction and the devastation of our Regent.

2018年December9日, Katherine Hurlin, The Insurgents: Plotting to Overthrow the Regent, Lulu.com, →ISBN，第 10 頁:


backsie

A mimsy, a clapsy, I roll my hands, touch backsie, My right hand, my left hand, High as the sky, low as the sea, I touch my knee, and my heel, and my toe, And over we go.

1985, Dorothy Einon, Play with a purpose:

No backsie no matter what.

1986, Alice Bach, The Meat in the Sandwich，第 136 頁:

Frances is the loser when she agrees to no "backsies" or refunds as she buys Thelma's plastic tea dishes with money saved for a china set.

1987, Carolyn W. Field, Jaqueline Shachter Weiss, Values in selected children's books of fiction and fantasy:

Talk about times when you had a backsie or gave something back to someone.

1999, Mary Bolte, A Guide for Using Bedtime for Frances in the Classroom，第 48 頁:

Not one to gloat, Thorn did sound amused Monday when asked if he had broken the news to the Mavericks' owner, Mark Cuban: no backsies.

2008年March25日, Harvey Araton, “For President, Knicks Could Look Nearby”, 出自 New York Times:

Then you will be in trouble because it will kill you to have it taken out again but it will betray your deepest inner truth to tell them No Backsies.

2011, Jenna Katerin Moran, Nobilis: The Essentials, Volume 1，第 11 頁:

Whenever one of us would say something nasty, she'd ask if we wanted a backsie, which meant we could take it back before anyone heard it.

2012, Kate Hoffmann, The Mighty Quinns: Ronan: The Mighty Quinns: Marcus，第 83 頁:

"Hm. I guess I did agree to go along with whatever her conditions were..." "We smooched on it. No backsies."

2013年May6日, Dan Shive, El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Monday, May 6, 2013:

Remind them that there are no "backsies" online—what is posted can't be taken back.

2015, Susan Morris Shaffer, Linda Perlman Gordon, How to Connect with Your iTeen: A Parenting Road Map，第 226 頁:

And then you play Backsies again if you're playing that way.

In the eastern part of this country BACKSIES is played by some people after each game, and you're not through with a game until you've played it.

1961, Patricia Evans, Rimbles: A Book of Children's Classic Games, Rhymes, Songs, and Sayings:

When a player gets through sixies, he then starts on a backsie of the regular game.

1970, Marta Weigle, Follow my fancy: the book of jacks and jack games，第 12 頁:

同類詞：frontsie

To her, the ethical thicket consists of "frontsies and backsies," a phenomenon she noticed in kindergarten.

1988, William L. Rivers, Cleve Mathews, Ethics for the media，第 45 頁:

One of his favorites is "No frontsies, no backsies," so there was really no point in trying to butt in.

2003, Ann M. Martin, The Baby-sitter's Club，第 200 頁:

Backsies meant you let a kid cut behind you. A complex moral microcosm presented itself in the world of frontsies and backsies, with a wide range of available moral responses.

2019, Robert K. Bolger, Robert C. Coburn, Religious Language, Meaning, and Use: The God Who is Not There:


takesies-backsies

backsie (“反悔”)之同義詞。

“If I win, I get to decide who you go out with next. And it can be anybody, you can't dispute or refuse, no takesies backsies.”
“Takesies backsies? What are you, twelve?” I said. “And what about if I win?”

2017, Sarah Dessen, Once and for All, New York, NY: Viking, →ISBN，第 164 頁:


bewile

源自中古英語 biwilen、biwiȝelien (“欺骗”)，源自古英語 *bewīlian、*bewiġlian。等价于be- + wile。beguile 的同源對似詞。

He was utterly bewitched and bewiled by her beauty, and upon the following day an opportunity to prove his devotion occurred.

Whomever else I might bewile, I loved him well, sorry.

To that sweet thief which sourly robs from me, which though it alter not love's sole effect, yet doth it steal sweet hours from love's delight. I may not evermore acknowledge thee, lest my bewiled guilt should do thee shame.


BLT

bacon, lettuce and tomato (“培根、生菜和西红柿”)之首字母縮略詞：使用上述原料制成的三明治

I wish I could make everyone a BLT. That would be the end of the golden arches, I'm sure of it. There are times when the BLT just tastes right, primal and true, the best thing you could ever eat.

2010, Michele A. Jordan, The BLT Cookbook, Harper Collins, →ISBN，第 5–6 頁s:


come of age

comes of age
coming of age
came of age
come of age

Eager to find a better life, you joined the Alliance military when you came of age. You volunteered for an expedition to Akuze: a lush world on the outskirts of Alliance space that had suddenly dropped out of contact.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect, Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC，PC，幕：Profile Codex entry:


familiarizes

familiarize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


fertilizes

fertilize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


excretes

excrete 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


excretin

人類糞便中存在的少量非氮晶體


STI

STD

sexually transmitted infection (“性传播感染”)之首字母縮略詞 （亦作S.T.I.）

sexually transmitted illness (“性病”)之首字母縮略詞。


Mme

Madame (“女士”)之縮寫。

With them were the two royal children, Mmes Tantes (the elderly daughters of Louis XV), Mme Elisabeth, the Comic de Provence and his wife.

1922, Paul Gruyer, A Week at Versailles: The Town, the Palace, the Park, the Trianon Palaces，第 71 頁:

In The Bernadinis’ Terrace, gracefully translated by Joanna Kilmartin, Mme Laure Bernardini and her companion, Mme Thérèse, are very old: ‘immobilised, like ships that have run aground, they exist minimally.’

1975年August7日, Listener and BBC Television Review，第 190 頁，第 1 列:

After the latter’s death, Meyerson remained Mme Bernard-Lazare’s trusted friend.

1978, Nelly Wilson, Bernard-Lazare: Antisemitism and the Problems of Jewish Identity in Late Nineteenth-Century France, Cambridge University Press, 出版於 2010, →ISBN，第 318 頁:

Mr. Parker added more wood to the fire and then he and Mme Dubois went in, leaving Miss Merrie behind with her wide-brimmed sun hat. Mme DuBois and Mr. Parker were the first to return and soon had their heads together checking the food hamper and cooler.

2014, George J. Pappas, Where the Tides Meet: A Romance of the Gaspé, FriesenPress, →ISBN，第 162 頁:


sancoche

特立尼達和多巴哥的一種燉菜


amphitheatre

源自拉丁語 amphitheatrum，源自古希臘語 ἀμφιθέατρον (amphithéatron)。

/ˈæmfɪˌθiːətə/

/ˈæmfɪˌθɪətə/

/ˈæmfiˌθiːətə/

Ancient Roman amphitheatres were mostly oval or circular in plan, with seating tiers that surrounded the central performance area, like a modern open-air stadium.

古罗马圆形剧场的平面大多呈椭圆形或圆形，座位层围绕着中央表演区，就像现代的露天体育场一样。

We had previously visited the building prepared for the assemblage, which was a vast pentagonal semicircular amphitheatre of painted wood and canvas work, ...

1816, John Cam Hobhouse Baron Broughton, The Substance of Some Letters，第 192 頁:

The dry quarry in Shrewsbury [was] in use from at least 1445-6 [...until] 1568-9 (and perhaps beyond)[. ...] Location of this as the site of a semicircular amphitheatre [used in the 1400s and 1500s] is confirmed by the evidence, published in total for the first time in the present volume.

1994, J. A. B. Somerset, Shropshire, University of Toronto Press, →ISBN，第 388 頁:

The difference between the approach to Baylen from the west and from the east, is that on the former side the traveller reaches the town through a semicircular amphitheatre of upland, while by the latter he comes up a V-shaped valley ...

1902, Charles Oman, A History of the Peninsular War，第 188 頁:

Brecon or Aberhonddu, a typical Welsh town of 5,350 inhabitants, stands in a grand amphitheatre of hills and mountains at the confluence of the rivers Usk, Honddu, and Tarell.

1939 September, A. F. N. Barnsdale, “The Neath & Brecon Railway”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 188 頁:


vaticine

And thus (according to this vaticine) twise it was left, but the third time it shall be kept.

1587, Raphael Holinshed, Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland, 第 3 卷，於2011-06-08歸檔自原頁面:


exorcizes

exorcize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


protagonizes

protagonize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


protagonize

Our project should be to protagonize ourselves, and yet, that project presents certain problems.

2018, Jennifer Markides, Laura Forsythe, Looking Back and Living Forward: Indigenous Research Rising Up，第 41 頁:

Self-protagonizing does not mean putting self first, nor maximizing self-gain. Rather, it expresses a certain sense of freedom […]

2020, Randal Joy Thompson, Proleptic Leadership on the Commons，第 75 頁:

For the sake of convenience, the name “Ernesto [Guevara]” will refer to the young medical student who protagonizes The Motorcycle Diaries (henceforth, Motorcycle Diaries).

2019年October14日, María Soledad Paz-Mackay, Omar Rodriguez, Politics of Children in Latin American Cinema, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN, →OCLC，第 177 頁:


impermeabilizes

impermeabilize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


reexamines

reexamine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deplores

deplore 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


interferes

interfere 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


recases

recase 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


recapitalises

recapitalise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


recentres

recentre 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


rediffuses

rediffuse 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


RNG

QRNG

renewable natural gas (“可再生天然气”)之首字母縮略詞。

random number generator (“随机数生成器”)之首字母縮略詞。

随机要素；随机系统中的运气

The combat in this game is way too RNG-based.

这游戏战斗的随机性太强了。

Jeez, I'm having terrible RNG today.


observes

observe 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


observator

源自中古法語 observateur，源自拉丁語 observator，源自 observare 的分詞詞幹。

/ɒbˈzɜːvətə/


asphyxies

asphyxy 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


ditopic

分子两端（两侧）可以配位的


join the club

welcome to the club

大家都一样 （表达同感）

大家都一样 （表达同感）

You're getting poor response times? Join the club!

你也是迟迟没有得到回音？谁不是啊！


skill issue

在约2020年普及开来。

—Dude, they nerfed my main and now I can't win any games! —Sounds like a skill issue lol

-兄弟，他们把我经常玩的角色削了，现在我把把都输！-听起来像是因为你菜啊，哈哈。

Perhaps regarded as one of her funniest lines, she can taunt the enemy after eliminating them by saying, "Wow, cringe," in a fittingly condescending tone. Some other voice lines include, "It's a skill issue," "Enjoy that killcam," "Now they're just feeding," and "Outplayed."

2022年October21日, Joanna Koziol, “D.Va Is Overwatch 2's Most Toxic Character”, 出自 Screen Rant，2022-11-04歸檔自原頁面:

Those players who have ever taken to TikTok to complain about bugs and gameplay issues in a game will often be met with the reply "Skill Issue."

[2022年November11日, Rebecca Smith, “What Does 'Skill Issue' Mean on TikTok and in Gaming?”, 出自 GameRevolution，2022-11-28歸檔自原頁面:

Well, after playing it myself, I have to say that it is a lot of fun to play as long as you can manage to stay alive long enough to enjoy it! Let me be the first to say, this is a 'skill issue' of course, but ultimately, I just thought my zombies would be stronger.

2022年December27日, Dean Clark, “THE UNLIVING First Impression: Feeling Weak Behind My Forces”, 出自 GameTyrant，2022-12-27歸檔自原頁面:

The game's Reddit forum is swamped with posts about how difficult it is to win a match. Some users may state that this is a 'skill issue.' However, seeing so many players complain about their skill mismatch and inability to win a single match is somewhat concerning.

2023年January2日, Matthew Wilkins, “Is Fortnite Chapter 4 Season 1 the sweatiest season ever?”, 出自 Sportskeeda，2023-01-04歸檔自原頁面:


break wind

breaks wind
breaking wind
broke wind
broken wind

One of the kids on the school bus broke wind.


soigne

soigné的另一種拼寫法


recolonises

recolonise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


competes

compete 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


rivalizes

rivalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


concentres

concentre 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


inflames

inflame 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


calumnies

calumny 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


exudes

exude 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


antitrust

The regulators used antitrust laws to block the merger, believing it would eliminate competition.

监管机构用反垄断法阻止了收购案，认为这样会阻碍市场竞争。

If the takeover is approved, Comcast would control 20 of the top 25 cable markets, […]. Antitrust officials will need to consider Comcast’s status as a monopsony (a buyer with disproportionate power), when it comes to negotiations with programmers, whose channels it pays to carry.

2014年March15日, “Turn it off”, 出自 The Economist, 第 410 卷, 第 8878 期:


pro hac vice

仅限此开庭中的，仅限此诉讼中的


pro hac vice

仅限此开庭中；仅限此诉讼中


decores

decore 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


conté

Conté的大小寫替代形式。


acquiesces

acquiesce 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


recommences

recommence 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


admissions

The department, section, administrative team, etc., that process admissions for an institution, hospital, etc.; the place where such a department is located.


optimises

optimise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


indisposes

indispose 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


aboutes

abouts的另一種寫法


aboutes

abouts的另一種寫法


nationalises

nationalise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


naufrage

the opinion , not to relieve any case after judginent , would be a guilty opinion ; guilty of the ruin , and naufrage , and perishing of infinite subjects

May 7 1617, Francis Bacon, speech on taking his place in Chancery


pied-à-terre

（尤指城市里的）临时住处，落脚处

同類詞：dacha

But the pied-à-terre at the embassy provides little privacy and has none of the grandeur for the formal events that an American ambassador posted to the United States’ closest Middle East ally is expected to host.

2021年December1日, Lara Jakes, Michael Crowley, “In Israel, the New U.S. Ambassador’s Home Lacks a Certain View”, 出自 The New York Times, retrieved 2021-12-01:


adjures

adjure 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


incurves

incurve 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


afrancesado

借自葡萄牙語或西班牙語 afrancesado (“親法者”)。

afrancesados (plural)
afrancesadoes (plural)

半島戰爭期間支持法國的伊比利亞人


temporises

temporise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


imprimes

imprime 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


revend

源自古法語 revendre，源自拉丁語 revēndere，源自re- (“再；回”) + vēndere (“賣”)。等同於 re- + vend。

resell之同義詞：再賣，轉賣

return之同義詞：賣回給原來售出的人


vends

vend 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


catalogues

catalogue 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


balances

balance 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


incloses

inclose 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


abjures

abjure 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


abomines

abomine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


abomine

abominate之同義詞 （見於16世紀初至18世紀初）


acetan

木質醋酸菌中发现的一种细胞外聚合物


adorant

more adorant (comparative)
most adorant (superlative)


adulterant

With regard to the presence of opium in ale, it appears to form a very deleterious adulterant;

关于麦芽酒中鸦片的存在，它似乎形成了一种非常有害的掺假物；

1817年May1日, “Collectanea Dietetica”, 出自 The Monthly Magazine, 第 43 卷, 第 297 期，第 320 頁:

Potato-flour is the waste of potato after the starch and alcohol have been extracted; it has no more food value than so much wood, and as its use as a food adulterant is a penal offence in Europe, thousands of tons of it are shipped to America every year.

马铃薯粉是用马铃薯提取淀粉和酒精后的废物；它的食用价值并不比木材高，而且由于在欧洲将其用作食品掺杂剂是一种刑事犯罪，因此每年有数千吨的马铃薯粉被运往美国。

1906, Upton Sinclair, 章號 11, 出自 The Jungle, New York: Grosset & Dunlap，第 139 頁:

Once upon a time not so long ago, most of those chemical additives would have been deemed “adulterants” by the Food and Drug Administration。But after an all-out campaign of lobbying by the baking industry in the 1950s, the FDA liberalized its “standard of identity” for bread, permitting bakeries to add dozens of new additives to what had previously been a simple two- or three-ingredient food.

曾经，这些化学添加剂大部分都会被食品药品监督管理局视为“掺假品” 。但经过20世纪50年代烘焙行业的全面游说活动后，FDA放宽了面包的“身份标准”，允许面包店在以前只有简单的两种或三种成分的产品中添加数十种新添加剂。

2013, Michael Pollan, Cooked: A Natural History of Transformation, Part 3, p. 268:


incandesces

incandesce 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


alternan

The glucan produced by the enzyme alternansucrase.


ambles

amble 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


almagra

借自西班牙語 almagra（更常寫作 almagre），源自阿拉伯語 الْمُغْرَة (al-muḡra, “紅色的土或黏土”)。


extermines

extermine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


debilitant

致人虛弱的物質；過度興奮的補救藥物


mitigant

源自拉丁語 mitigans，mītigō 的現在主動分詞。參見 mitigate。

more mitigant (comparative)
most mitigant (superlative)


idealizes

idealize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


posturing

With his "hatred of what was theatrical" (1:124) he is put off by the posturings and attitudinizings of the chief actors.

1990, Clyde de L. Ryals, A World of Possibilities: Romantic Irony in Victorian Literature:


posturing

posture 的現在時分詞和動名詞


go Chapter 11

goes Chapter 11
going Chapter 11
went Chapter 11
gone Chapter 11


go chapter 11

goes chapter 11
going chapter 11
went chapter 11
gone chapter 11

“No, actually they went chapter 11 so I wanted to get your opinion on how I should bill for this. Wilson told me they are willing to reimburse us and give us a small fee. We are on the way to the Waffle House; can I buy you some breakfast?”

2018年July18日, Leslie Jackson, The Rapacious Creditor (Rapatious Creditor), 第 1 卷, Leslie w. Jackson，第 123 頁:


restringes

restringe 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


analize

Cheating babe analized and boobs jizzed

2006年August14日, freepic...@hushmail.com, “Nice boobs hentai sex, Slave with ball gag gets waterbondage, Beautiful blonde babe gets rough double penetrated and cummed, Sexy blond babe takes hard ass fucking for the first time”, 出自 alt.sex.movies (Usenet):

Sweet teen analized hard doggystyle and facialized

2006年September27日, cha...@hushmail.com, “Hardcore indian sex, Brittney skye facial cum, Monica sweetheart enjoys slurping”, 出自 alt.sex.nfs (Usenet):


analizes

analize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


climatizes

climatize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


democratizes

democratize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deflagrant

more deflagrant (comparative)
most deflagrant (superlative)

Gunpowder is a deflagrant (ie rapidly-burning) mixture of a solid fuel such as charcoal with a solid oxidising agent - the only one available up to the late 18th century was saltpetre.

2003, Allan M. Williams, The Knight and the Blast Furnace:


buy the dip

buys the dip
buying the dip
bought the dip

抄底 （金融资产的市值降低时买入）

Many traders are told to “buy the dip and sell the pullback” but not exactly when to execute this. It has been left up to the trader to enter when he or she feels the time is right.

2009, Ken Wood, Trade the Patterns: The Revolutionary Way of Trading the CCI, Traders Press, →ISBN，第 31 頁:

During upward-sloping cycles in the Investment Rate, a long bias with proper diversification should result in positive portfolio returns, without drawn-out setbacks, if investors are willing to buy the dips, especially the big ones, at all times.

2009, Thomas H. Kee, Buy and Hold Is Dead: How to Make Money and Control Risk in Any Market, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，第 35 頁:


buy the dips

buys the dips
buying the dips
bought the dips


get to grips with

gets to grips with
getting to grips with
got to grips with
got to grips with
gotten to grips with

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get to grips with.ogg

与...打斗，与...战斗

Estonia were struggling to get to grips with the game while Ireland were showing a composure and guile that demonstrated their experience in play-off ties.

2011年November11日, Rory Houston, “Estonia 0-4 Republic of Ireland”, 出自 RTE Sport:


expulses

expulse 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


inhales

inhale 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


explanes

explane 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


galvanises

galvanise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


galvanizes

galvanize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


importunes

importune 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


conjectures

conjecture 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


habitan

The paper offered by the Yankee speculator in exchange for colts, or cows, or grain, or butter, might please in New England or New York, but the habitan preferred silver dollars or gold doubloons, and would sell for nothing else.

1862, The Bankers' magazine: Volume 22，第 347 頁:

[…] not an habitan from Hamtramck to l'Anse Creuse had closed an eye the livelong night for the baying of the Huntsman's Hound […]

1901, Henrietta Channing Dana Skinner, Heart and soul:


wise guy

无礼或轻率的人；开玩笑或恶作剧的人

知识渊博或成功的体育博彩玩家


how so

缩约自“how is that so?”，且亦继承中古英語 how-so、hou-so、hu se (“无论如何”)，等价于how + so。对比西弗里斯蘭語 hoesa (“为什么”)、荷蘭語 hoezo (“为什么”)、德國低地德語 woso (“为什么”)、德語 wieso (“为什么”)、瑞典語 hurså (“为什么”)。

怎么说？何出此言？为什么这样说？

The city of Melbourne has much more culture than Sydney. ― How so?

墨尔本的文化比悉尼的要丰富得多。―怎么说？

I'm feeling really depressed. ― How so?

我感觉好难过。―怎么了？


how so

But how so thys money was lent or gyded, at thys daye the cheste remayneth in the chamber of London, wythout money or pledges for the same.

1809, The Literary Panorama, and National Register，第 1179 頁:

But we have groaned over this experience, an O ! dear ! with every breath, and wished ourselves out of it, someway, somehow, no matter what way or how so we were rid of it.

1897, Ursula Newell Gestefeld, How We Master Our Fate，第 62 頁:

Of every wit somewhat he can Out-take that him lacketh rule, His own estate to guide and rule; How so it stood of his speaking, He was not wise in his doing;

2014, Gesta Romanorum, →ISBN，第 clxxxiii 頁:

Yet how so ere I love, I must be wife.

1598, Robert Greene, The Scottish Historie of James the Fourth:

That picture wasn't much to look at, being so old and all, but Mrs. Oaks made like it looked so nice; or, that's what she said as she stared at it, looking back and forth at the picture and me like it wasn't so. Only, she just didn't know how so it wasn't. It wasn't me at all.

2013, Earlene Jernigan-Carter, When Life Just Happens: A Book of Short Stories, →ISBN，第 70 頁:

My reflection in you warbled, because you see only hints, of what I see to beacon of me. Who am I who is reflecting from you? How so do I identify my soul in you?

2014, Eve Chilicas, Supernatural: Sci-Fi Poetry, →ISBN，第 24 頁:

The king shall joy in thy strength, O Lord ; and in thy salvation how so shall he rejoice!

How so we love thee! Even UNIVAC and IBM Could never count the way.

2012, H. Bundy Shaw, Play On Words: Poems, Lyrics, and Other Writings of H. Bundy Shaw, →ISBN:

I wished my voice would carry him through eternity, keeping us in a moment that nothing could part, oh, and how so I wanted to follow his lead, and how so to death I was determined not to concede, and how so, how so many wonderful things;

2014, Daniel C. Joneikies, Vampyre's Pyre, →ISBN，第 105 頁:


actualizes

actualize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


espies

espy 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


espie

Fortie yeeres olde was I when Moſes the ſeruant of the Lord ſent me from Kadeſh Barnea, to eſpie out the land, and I brought him worde againe, as it was in mine heart.

耶和華的僕人摩西，從加低斯巴尼亞打發我窺探這地，那時我正四十歲；我按著心意回報他。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Joshua 14:7，第 2 列:

O inhabitant of Aroer, ſtand by the way, and eſpie; aſke him that fleeth, and her that eſcapeth, and ſay, VVhat is done?

住亞羅珥的啊，要站在道旁觀望；問逃避的男人，和逃脫的女人，說，是甚麼事呢？

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 48:19，第 2 列:


popularizes

popularize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


vulgarizes

vulgarize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


coming out of someone's ears

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-coming out of one's ears.ogg

If you plant sixteen tomato plants, you will have tomatoes coming out of your ears by July!

种十六株西红柿，七月份长出来的西红柿多到可以把你埋了。

There will be tomatoes coming out of your ears.

西红柿会多到可以把你埋了。

You'll get tomatoes coming out of your ears.

西红柿会多到可以把你埋了。


notifies

notify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


proclames

proclame 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


criminalize

The Nixon campaign in 1968[…] had two enemies: the antiwar left and black people. […] [B]y getting the public to associate the hippies with marijuana and blacks with heroin, and then criminalizing both heavily, we could disrupt those communities.

2016年April1日, Dan Baum, 引 John Ehrlichman, “Legalize It All”, 出自 Harper's Magazine:


criminalizes

criminalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


impedes

impede 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


magnetizes

magnetize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


manuscribes

manuscribe 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


marginalizes

marginalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


marginalize

The practice of only analysing Indian English in terms of how it differs from a notional standard English that resides in the Englishes of the varieties of the Inner Circle is one of the key ways in which Indian English is marginalised.

2012, James Lambert, “Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, 出自 World Englishes，第 305 頁:

Ideally, we would like to integrate out the parameters #92;theta, i.e. marginalize in order to obtain a prediction. Since this is again hard to realize analytically, one usually approximates the integral via sampling from the posterior.

2021, Nils Thuerey, Philipp Holl, Maximilian Mueller, Patrick Schnell, Felix Trost, Kiwon Um, 章號 25, 出自 Physics-based Deep Learning，第 245 頁:


SLAM

simultaneous localization and mapping (“同时定位与地图构建”)之首字母縮略詞。

supersonic low altitude missile (“超音速低空导弹”) 之首字母縮略詞。


shakedown

shake down 的動詞派生詞。以前曾有将稻草摇下来做简易临时床铺的方法。

What is this, a shakedown?

Four Thai police officers charged with murder in connection with the deadly shakedown of a suspected drug dealer in custody were arrested Wednesday after a video clip of the incident shared on social media caused a public furor.

2021年August25日, Tassanee Vejpongsa, “Four Thai Police Charged in Drug Suspect’s Death After Video Surfaces”, 出自 Bloomberg, Bloomberg, retrieved 2021-08-25:

All sorts of gossip floated about; one story told was that a selector, and not the youngest of that staid and sober party, was found putting his boots into his shakedown at night, and lying outside the entrance of his tent, giving careful directions to some one to call him in time for the morning mail.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia，第 79 頁:

"There's nowhere for me to lie down, sir," he answered, and there was in his voice a humbleness which was very distressing. -- "Don't you know anyone in the house who'll give you a shakedown?" -- "No, sir."

1915, W. Somerset Maugham, Of Human Bondage:

‘You two,’ he says, ‘you're not going back tonight. […] I can make you shake-downs on the veranda and we'll have a bite to eat.’

1974, Thea Astley, A Kindness Cup, Text Classics, 出版於 2018，第 107 頁:


shakedown

shake down 的動詞派生詞。以前曾有将稻草摇下来做简易临时床铺的方法。


waxing poetic

wax poetic 的現在時分詞和動名詞


masculinize

Returning to the sculptor described earlier, we know why that young woman suffered. She was housebound and bedbound, her face was changed by steroids, she was masculinized by her treatment, one breast was scarred, and she had almost no hair.

1982年March18日, Eric J. Cassel[l], “The Nature of Suffering and the Goals of Medicine”, 出自 The New England Journal of Medicine, 第 306 卷, 第 11 期, →DOI，第 642 頁:

Impersonality always masculinizes a woman.


masculinizes

masculinize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


maximizes

maximize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


medicines

medicine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


menaces

menace 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


memorizes

memorize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


nail it

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见nail、it。


hit the nail on the head

hits the nail on the head
hitting the nail on the head
hit the nail on the head

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-hit the nail on the head.ogg

指出问题的关键；得出正确的答案；一语中的

He hit the nail on the head when he said the problem was the thermostat.

他指出问题在恒温器，简直一语中的。


metabolizes

metabolize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


militarizes

militarize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


mimetizes

mimetize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


mineralizes

mineralize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


minimizes

minimize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


mythifies

mythify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


digitalizes

digitalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dynamises

dynamise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


luxes

lux 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


polydisperse

more polydisperse (comparative)
most polydisperse (superlative)

nonuniform (“composed of macromolecular species of differing molar masses”)之同義詞


old hand

My tax advisor is an old hand at dealing with auditors.

我的税务顾问很擅长对付审计。

The media, needless to say, are very pro-Bloomberg. He’s an old hand at stroking reporters and television executives, and few of them have raised the fact that it was Rudy who inherited a lawless city with crime out of control and over eight years, via his ‘broken windows’ theory, turned Gotham into the safest big city on the planet.

2020年March2日, Taki Theodoracopulos, “What makes Bloomie run?”, 出自 The Spectator (US edition):


sustenance

源自中古英語 sustenaunce，源自古法語 sustenance，源自sustenir + 后缀-ance，源自通俗拉丁語 *sustenire，源自拉丁語 sustinere。亦对比晚期拉丁語 sustinentia。

维持物，支持物；养分，养料

More than a mere source of Promethean sustenance to thwart the cold and cook one's meat, wood was quite simply mankind's first industrial and manufacturing fuel.

2006, Edwin Black, 章號 2, 出自 Internal Combustion:


sacralises

sacralise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dribbles

dribble 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


enshittification

源自en- (“使”) + shittification (“变垃圾”)。由加拿大英国的记者 and 科幻作家科利·多克托罗在2022造出，用于形容各个在线平台的现象。

/ɪnˌʃɪtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

/ɛnˌʃɪtɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

变差，恶化；垃圾化，粪坑化 （指在线网络平台因追求利益而质量下降的现象，通常体现在广告等赞助内容中）

Ultimately, it doesn't matter if Amazon's enshittification is because [Jeff] Bezos was a cynic or because he sold out. Once Amazon could make more money by screwing its customers, that screw-job became a fait accompli.

2022年November28日, Cory Doctorow, “How monopoly enshittified Amazon”, 出自 Pluralistic，2023-03-26歸檔自原頁面:

Both switching costs and network effects tend to lead to enshittification because platform providers see early adopters as an investment in future profits.

2023年March3日, Tim Harford, “The enshittification of apps is real. But is it bad?”, 出自 Financial Times, London: The Financial Times Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC，於2023-03-05歸檔自原頁面:

But it's not just users who are effectively incarcerated by enshittification. The advertisers and vendors who are the real customers of tech platforms are also prisoners.

2023年March11日, John Naughton, “Users, advertisers – we are all trapped in the 'enshittification' of the internet”, 出自 The Observer, London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，2023-04-19歸檔自原頁面:

Musk perceived instantly that he had one of the perfect conditions for enshittification. Twitter had a multi-million-strong user base, who had built up relationships and reputations among themselves over years.

2023年November25日, Jane Cassidy, “Matheson might just be the latest victim of ongoing ‘platform decay’”, 出自 The National, Glasgow，第 20 頁:

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aquaplanes

aquaplane的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


aquaplane

原始印歐語詞
 *h₂ékʷeh₂
A woman riding an aquaplane in 1919.
1919年，一名女性在玩滑水板。
Two vehicles aquaplaning on a wet road.
兩輛車在潮濕的路面上發生水漂。
名詞派生自 aqua- (表示“水”的前綴) + plane (“平面”)（最終源自原始印歐語 *pleh₂- (“平坦的”)）。
動詞派生自名詞，可分析作 aqua- + plane (“滑翔；劃過水面”)。

滑水板（一種供人站在上面休閒娛樂的板子，由摩托艇拉著，在水面上移動）


aquaplane

同類詞：water ski

She waved her arm—a significant and imperative signal—but she realised, almost as she did it, that there was scant chance of any one aquaplaning at thirty or forty kilometres an hour looking to the right or to the left.

1933, E[dward] Phillips Oppenheim, 章號 1, 出自 Crooks in the Sunshine, Toronto, Ont.: McClelland & Stewart, →OCLC:

So much water. They were held up by it, the tyres skating over a film of rain. Aquaplaning. Flying his sister’s fancy car through the wet air. Touching nothing.

2015, Anne Enright, “Shannon Airport”, 出自 The Green Road, New York, N.Y., London: W[illiam] W[arder] Norton & Company, →ISBN, part 2，第 203 頁:


deputes

depute 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


à bas

借自法語 à bas (字面意思是“向下方”)。

打倒！ （首次可考于1897年）

And ever as any black cockade may emerge, rises the many-voiced growl and bark: À bas, Down!

1837, Thomas Carlyle, The French Revolution: A History […], 第 (please specify |volume=I to III) 卷, London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):


depones

depone 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deponed

depone 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


depilant

depilitant

製皮革流程中用於脫毛的藥劑

製皮革流程中用於脫毛的藥劑


labialises

labialise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


balize

源自法語 balise；對比西班牙語 balisa。

作为海上灯塔或地标而竖起的杆子或框架


customizes

customize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


churrascaria

There are no sword-toting tarted-up gauchos to trouble you, and in all Al Primo Canto offers the churrascaria experience in a significantly more civilized manner than other spots for a lower price.

2007年September21日, “What Else is New”, 出自 Chicago Reader:

Brazilian churrascaria just blocks from its competitor Fogo de Chão.

2005年March25日, Laura Levy Shatkin, Mike Sula, “Late-Night Comfort Food, Creative Japanese, and Home-Style Lebanese”, 出自 Chicago Reader:


creosotes

creosote 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


perfumes

perfume 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


square away

I have almost squared away the last of the paperwork from that job.

我快完成那个工作的文书任务了。

Accordingly, when the wheel was relieved at eight o'clock, the order was given to keep her due north, and all hands were turned up to square away the yards and make sail.

1969, Richard Henry Dana, Two Years Before the Mast: Twenty-four Years After:


enlumines

enlumine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


nasalizes

nasalize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


divorces

divorce 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


distends

distend 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


nasalises

nasalise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


live off

When I was a student, I lived off baked potatoes.

我上学的时候靠烤土豆度日。

I live off nothing in this world / Except the thick grey air that chains itself / Swirls all around and engrains itself

1985, “World Without Warning”, 出自 Pressure Points, 演出者 Anne Clark:


fly off the handle

flies off the handle
flying off the handle
flew off the handle
flown off the handle

My dad flew off the handle when he saw the F grade on my report card.

我爸看到我成绩单上的F以后大发雷霆。


Indian giver

送人东西后又想讨回来的人

Mark me, he'll never take those bonds.... He gave them to you and he's not an Indian giver."

1920, Peter B. Kyne, 章號 41, 出自 Kindred of the Dust:

He was labeled an "Indian giver"—someone who gives a gift only to ask for it back.

2001, Jon Ippolito, “Whatever Happened to the Gift Economy?”, 出自 Leonardo, 第 34 卷, 第 2 期，第 159 頁:


Indian giving

源自Meriwether Lewis和William Clarke对美洲原住民贸易方式的误解，他们认为部落使用珠子与其他人换狗时，之后又会想把狗和原主人交换。

送别人东西以后又想讨回来，或想让别人回礼


surmise

源自古法語 surmis，surmetre、surmettre (“指责”)的过去分词，源自sur- (“上”) + metre (“放置”)。

surmises of jealousy or of envy

This opinion, however, is merely a surmise, which may or may not be the case.

但是这个观点只是猜测，可能对也可能不对。

But ſurely no Man whatſoever ought in Justice or good Manners to be charged with Principles he actually diſowns, unleſs his Practices do openly and without the leaſt Room for Doubt, contradict his Profeſſion: Not upon ſmall Surmiſes, or becauſe he has the Miſfortune to have Ill Men ſometimes agree with him in a few general Sentiments.

1721, anonymous [Jonathan Swift], “The Sentiments of a Church of England-man with Respect to Religion and Government. Written in the Year, 1708”, 出自 Miscellanies in Prose and Verse, 4th版, Dublin: Printed by S. Fairbrother, book-seller, and are to be sold at his shop in Skinner-Row, over against the Tholsel, →OCLC，第 61 頁:

The meeting had been devoid of incident. No word had been said to give me anything to think about, and any surmises I might make were unwarranted. I was intrigued.

1919, W[illiam] Somerset Maugham, 章號 32, 出自 The Moon and Sixpence: A Novel (Heinemann's Colonial Library of Popular Fiction), London: William Heinemann, →OCLC:

In short, the chances of the Princes Street terminal's survival seem unsure, though at the moment these views are no more than surmise.

1962 April, “Talking of Trains: The future of Princes Street”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 227 頁:

My Thought, whoſe Murther yet is but fantaſticall, / Shakes ſo my ſingle ſtate of Man, / That Function is ſmother'd in ſurmiſe, / And nothing is, but what is not.

c.''' 1606?, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, act I, scene iii，第 133 頁:


surmise

If, as I surmise, you see the ladies this evening, you might mention my intended visit.

如果你今晚碰到那些女士——我认为你也会碰到——麻烦跟她们说我想要拜访。


follow suit

follows suit
following suit
followed suit

If you are not sure of the proper etiquette, watch what others do and follow suit.

如果你不知道礼仪的条条框框，你就看别人怎么做，然后照做就行。

After World War II it took time to clear up the arrears of track maintenance on both lines and it was not until 1953 that the L.M.R. restored any two-hour schedules, the W.R. following suit a year later.

1960 February, R. C. Riley, “The London-Birmingham services - Past, Present and Future”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 98 頁:

The wise man built his words upon the rocks / But I'm not bound to follow suit

1984, “So. Central Rain”, 出自 Reckoning, 演出者 R.E.M.:

I had a natural African American impulse to let this worldlywise middle-aged black woman's maternalism wash over me. And as a post-civil rights African American, I assumed that it was a white audience's job to follow suit.

2014年May28日, John McWhorter, “Saint Maya”, 出自 The New Republic, →ISSN:

But unless there is a Damascene conversion in the Treasury, the chances of the UK Government following suit currently look slim.

2022年May4日, Anthony Lambert, “A revolution in ticketing”, 出自 RAIL, 第 956 期，第 33 頁:


level to the ground

levels to the ground
levelling to the ground
leveling to the ground
levelled to the ground
leveled to the ground

They leveled the building to the ground.


marginalises

marginalise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


it never rains but it pours

最早可考于18世纪。现代形式的书面记载最早可见于1772年。

misfortunes never come singly

屋漏偏逢连夜雨，祸不单行

屋漏偏逢连夜雨，祸不单行


juramentado

胡拉門塔多，菲律賓歷史上摩洛人男性劍士、刺客的統稱，他們會試圖襲擊並殺死那些入侵本國國土的敵國警察和士兵，同時亦希望自己因此犧牲


larp

LARP (“临场角色扮演”)的大小寫替代形式


larp

LARP (“临场角色扮演”)的大小寫替代形式


LARP

live-action roleplaying (“臨場動態角色扮演遊戲”) 之首字母縮略詞。


LARP

“Which is why I'm thinking LARPer,” Griffith argued. “Goths interact with non-Goths more in LARPing than anywhere else. And there are non-Goth look people that hang with the Goths.”

When you think about it it really is crazy that the true sovereign of the world's imperial hegemon is basically an academic seminar in which a couple of legal scholars larp as historians all day.

2022年June30日, Anton Jäger (@AntonJaegermm), Twitter:

Harper Spiller (Aubrey Plaza): I don't know what my problem is. I just feel like— I feel like we're LARPing as rich people.
Ethan Spiller (Will Sharpe): We're not LARPing. How— how are we LARPing?

2022年November6日, Mike White, “Italian Dream”, 出自 Mike White 導演, The White Lotus, 第 2 季数, 第 2 集数, 經由 HBO:


parasocial

one-sided

单方面的，一厢情愿的； 准社会的 （尤其指代名人和他们的观众或粉丝之间的关系）

单方面的，一厢情愿的； 准社会的 （尤其指代名人和他们的观众或粉丝之间的关系）

a parasocial relationship

Donald Horton and R. Richard Wohl coined the term parasocial interaction in 1956 to describe the imaginary interactions between the audience and TV variety show hosts, noting the “seeming face-to-face relationship” that viewers developed […]

[2006, Jeffrey Jensen Arnett 編, Encyclopedia of Children, Adolescents, and the Media, SAGE Publications, →ISBN:

In the past, parasocial relationships occurred predominantly with television or film celebrities, but now these […] celebrities openly share their opinions and activities through various social media outlets such as Twitter and Facebook.

2016, Molly Marshall, AQA Psychology Student Guide 3: Issues and debates in psychology, Hachette UK, →ISBN:

And yet for every creator for whom parasocial relationships are an unintended byproduct of their work, there are many more – influencers, YouTubers, vloggers – who actively cultivate that faux-intimacy with their followers, softening them up so that they might more easily ply their wares, be that waist trainers or make-up brushes.

2022年February13日, Otegha Uwagba, “Too close for comfort: the pitfalls of parasocial relationships”, 出自 The Guardian:

With the advent of AI chatbots, the ethics of parasocial relationships just keep getting murkier. Introducing: CarynAI, a voice-based chatbot that was trained to mimic a human influencer to become your artificial girlfriend.

2023年May11日, Maggie Harrison, “Influencer Creates AI Version of Herself That You Can Rent as a Girlfriend”, 出自 Futurism:


rangement

general abstract ideas, common measures and receptacles formed by the mind, for the better lodgment, rangement, and adjustment of our other ideas

1734, Daniel Waterland, A Dissertation upon the Argument A Priori for Proving the Existence of a First Cause in a letter to Mr. Law:


run by

run past

给...（by后的宾语）大致讲解；让...（by后的宾语）大致知道

给...（by后的宾语）大致讲解；让...（by后的宾语）大致知道

Let me run that idea by the board before we spend too much time on it.

我先给董事会简单讲讲这个想法（听听董事会意见），我们再花时间弄。

I would like to hear your opinion on this. Have you got a few minutes, so I can run some ideas by you?

我想问问你在这件事上的想法。能占用你几分钟时间，我把这些主意的大概讲给你吗？

Can you just run those numbers by me again, please? To make sure I've got them clear.

你能再过一遍这些数字吗？看看我有没有什么错误。

Run that by me again.

Can you run by the store for milk?

你能去商店帮我买牛奶吗？

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见run、by。


button up

Button up your shirt cuff. It has come undone

扣好自己衣物的扣子；保暖

Button up well. It's freezing outside today.

穿暖和点，今天外面很冷。

It's time to button up the meeting.

He needs to button up.

封锁 （军事载具或者设施等）

Once buttoned up, NORAD's operation center can survive for more than 30 days without aid from the outside world.

We fired at the tanks and caused them to "button up" and then we started shooting the infantry.

1997, “Statement of S/Sgt. Alfred Sueflow, Company E, 253rd Infantry”, 出自 Battle Between the Jagst and Kocher Rivers, 4-12 April 1945，第 136 頁:

He turned a key. NORAD buttoned up. The outside lights, flashing for half an hour now in warning of a simulated attack, stopped. Whoever was inside would stay inside. Whoever was outside would not be able to get in […]

2000, Bonnie Ramthun, Ground Zero，第 6 頁:


LOHAS

lifestyles of health and sustainability (“健康可持续的生活方式”)之首字母縮略詞：乐活


wincest

wince 的(古舊第二人稱單數現在時) 第二人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式

Poor is thy love who wincest at the smart
Thou know'st to wring from out dear looks and words
Given to another, making them sharp swords
Wherewith to prick and goad thy hungry heart.

1868, George Auster, “Jealousy”, 出自 Abel Holt, and other poems, A. W. Bennett:


wincest

乱伦；（尤指兄妹间的）骨科

Oh I see, so if they were over the age of 18 you wouldn't be having "wincest" with them as you put it, huh?

2009年October22日, Onideus Mad Hatter [username], “Re: Tomba's pedo website ...ripe for hacking”, 出自 alt.support.boy-lovers (Usenet):

5. Powerpuff Girls wincest (It's basically an act of hot sex between family members, which makes it WINcest according to www.urbandictionary.com).

2009年October27日, Ashleigh Johnson, “Playboy steals the Internet's idea”, 出自 The Daily Titan, 第 85 卷, 第 27 期, California State University, Fullerton，第 6 頁:


tergiversation

源自拉丁語 tergiversātiō，源自tergiversārī (“转身；回避，避开”) + -tiō (构成抽象名词的后缀)。等价于tergiversate + -ion。

/tɝd͡ʒɪvɚˈseɪʃən/

/tɜːd͡ʒɪvəˈseɪʃən/

They make their outward impudence their mask, as foxes, the better we may not see where they truly tend, nor their true black tergiversation beneath.

Anyone who desires an hour's amusement may be advised to look up the tergiversations of eminent craniologists in their attempts to prove from brain measurements that women are stupider than men.

1931, Bertrand Russell, The Scientific Outlook:


home wrecker

homebreaker

使人出轨而破坏他人家庭或婚约的人，小三

使人出轨而破坏他人家庭或婚约的人，小三

Knots Landing surged even higher in the ratings once Donna Mills was added as the neighborhood home wrecker Abby.

2016, David Bianculli, The Platinum Age of Television […] , Anchor, →ISBN，第 140 頁:


homewrecker

Amber later branded Kim a 'homewrecker'.

2017, Eve Buckland, “Amber Rose Claims ex Kanye West has 'BULLIED her for 10 years' Since Their Acrimonious Split as she Brands Star a 'Narcissist' and Slams him for 'Slut-shaming Her'”, 出自 Mail Online:

“Everyone is talking about how LIZ UY is a slut, a homewrecker, calling her names which is NOT OKAY,” wrote one netizen (@bashafierce) today.

2018, Cody Cepeda, “Liz Uy Introduces Baby Xavi to the World; Netizens Speculate if she’s ‘Third Party’ in a Marriage”, 出自 The Philippine Daily Inquirer:

My mother is no longer alive, but I still hear her voice: “Homewrecker.”

2019, Mira T. Lee, “From ‘Homewrecker’ to Caretaker”, 出自 The New York Times:

“Let’s not glorify mistresses. I love Liz Uy’s creativity, but being an elite doesn’t give her a VIP ticket to destroy another woman’s family. Put the most expensive ring on her finger but she cannot deny the fact that she was a homewrecker,” one user said.

2020, Catalina Ricci S. Madarang, “Liz Uy’s Engagement to Long-time Partner Raymond Racaza Opens up Old Wounds Online”, 出自 Interaksyon:


soggy

soggier (comparative)
soggiest (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-soggy.wav

"Although we ended up soaked, the feeling of what we achieved and the calories we burned more than made up for soggy hair and clothes. [...]."

2020年November18日, “Stop & Examine”, 出自 Rail，第 71 頁:


screensaver

屏幕保护程序，屏保，荧幕保护程式

I configured my screensaver to appear after only two minutes, because I enjoyed watching it so much.

我调了设置让屏保2分钟后就出来，因为我特别喜欢看。

But she changed her screensaver, which was a photo of Julian eating scrambled eggs—he was smiling, holding his fork away from himself, as if he were waving the eggs at her—and replaced it with a photo of Olivia, looking up from her desk […]

2008, Joshua Henkin, Matrimony, Vintage, →ISBN，第 163 頁:

If he wanted praise, or sympathy, or the chance to talk over a sensitive subject, he turned to me. A friend told me that she sat down at her computer one day to discover that her husband had changed her screensaver to read: “Be nice to Lloyd.

2012, Gretchen Rubin, Happier at Home: Kiss More, Jump More, Abandon Self-Control, and My Other Experiments in Everyday Life, Harmony, →ISBN:

You can tell a lot about a person by the desk they keep. Her real name was Mary Stachowicz but we decided to call her Jenny Talia. It's funnier for us. She uses bulldog clips, which I think is a bit lesbiany, but I guess it's right for the character. Her screensaver is a picture of Cher, not the actual Cher, but her mother in fancy dress.

While we waited for Zac to be taken into surgery, I thought of all of his suffering up to this point […] It brought to mind the screensaver that Zac, a few months earlier, had changed his Ipod to.

2015, Carol Ann Bartz, 章號 36, 出自 The Believer: An Inspirational Story of Zachary David Bartz (The Boy Who Never Gave Up), →ISBN:

When I arrived at the lab this morning he was back sitting in front of his computer, a million miles away, leaning forward on his elbows and staring into the depths of space. He has changed his screensaver again. The Orion nebula has been replaced with some other astronomical scape, far bleaker in its appearance but more realistic. It looks like the outermost edge of the universe.

2016, Austin Duffy, This Living and Immortal Thing, Granta Books, →ISBN:

I tiptoed over to Trent's nightstand and took his phone into the bathroom. I sat on the edge of the bathtub as I entered his code. When I saw that he'd changed his screensaver from our wedding picture to a picture of Diamond, my blood began to boil. I couldn't believe that he'd done that.

2016, Tamia Gore-Felton, Bangles and Broken Hearts 3: Return of the Bangles, Lulu.com, →ISBN，第 97 頁:

She sat at the desk and opened the drawers, then looked up at the computer screen and gave a snort.
 “Sally has Alex's picture as her screensaver. Ha, you'd think she'd be worried he'd see it. […]”

2016, Candy J Starr, The Trouble With Rock Stars: Jackson's Story:


dork

美国20世纪60年代，可能源自dick (“鸡巴”)在学生用语中的委婉形式，特别是在美国中西部。本词从未用于特指鲸鱼的阴茎，而只是指广义的阴茎。
另一词源理论认为其源自方言挪威語 dorg (“一摞；蠢人”)。

傻子，呆子 （指愚蠢，不善交际，跟不上时代，或者有小众爱好的人） （自20世纪起）

I entitled the piece "Dorky", dork being slang for a person who does not belong to popular groups, usually an outsider, an odd person, sometimes inept, other times cranky.

1962, Alain Robbe-Grillet, Last year at Marienbad，第 167 頁:

I didn’t have any clothes and I had short hair and looked like a dork. Girls wouldn’t go out with me.

1967, Don Moser and Jerry Cohen, The Pied Piper of Tucson:

As a matter of fact, this slob was full of information today. He told me why we Jews have different dorks.

1962, Jerome Weidman, The Sound of Bow Bells，第 362 頁:

"You’re dead, Trashmouth," Vince “Boogers” Taliendo told him, pulling his jock up over a dork roughly the size and shape of an anemic peanut.

"There's that dork whose wife cut off his dork." And when people ask him for an autograph he writes, "Best of luck to Betsy. Signed, the guy whose wife cut off his penis."

2005, Mike Judge, Reading Sucks: The Collected Works of Beavis and Butthead:


dork

不確定，可能源自低地蘇格蘭語。见dirk。

dirk (“长匕首”)的另一種寫法


EPS

Encapsulated PostScript之首字母縮略詞：一种带有矢量图形的图像文件格式


snappy

snappier (comparative)
snappiest (superlative)

a snappy response

Make it snappy!

You're snappy this morning; did you not sleep well?

你今早心情好差，是不是没睡好？

Here he is, looking snappy in his brand-new suit.

他来了，穿着新西装打扮得很时髦。

The niftiest, snappiest slacks you ever saw!

1933, Stella Blum, Everyday Fashion of the Thirties as pictured in Sears Catalogs, 出版於 1986，第 56 頁:

snappy weather; snappy pace; snappy rejoinder

The day was cool and snappy for August, and the Rise all green with a lavish nature. Now we plunged into a deep shade with the boughs lacing each other overhead, and crossed dainty, rustic bridges over the cold trout-streams, the boards giving back the clatter of our horses' feet:[…]。

1897年 12月（標示為1898年）, Winston Churchill, 章號 8, 出自 The Celebrity: An Episode, 紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

a snappy dog

These spring-loaded seats are a bit harder and very snappy when you get off them.

2023年April19日, Pip Dunn, “Jack of all trades... and master of most”, 出自 RAIL, 第 981 期，第 56 頁:

a snappy motto


no holds barred

a no holds barred match

a no holds barred debating style that quickly transformed into cheap shots and bickering

There isn’t much reason to be optimistic about thoughtful dialogue in this general election. Both sides are girded for a negative, no-holds-barred slugfest.

2016年May8日, Albert R. Hunt, “Trump and Clinton Campaigns Gear Up for a Slugfest”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:

Among them was Ryan Ferchaud, 37, a tourist from Memphis who mostly faulted groups of college students for what she said was their no-holds-barred attitude regarding the mayhem.

2021年March22日, Neil Vigdor, Michael Majchrowicz, Azi Paybarah, “Miami Beach, Overwhelmed by Spring Break, Extends Emergency Curfew”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:

“But the Russian doctrine of mass firing and no holds barred was visible in Chechnya, and there is the potential that Russia will get its act together tactically, and that will result in mass fire against population centers.”

2022年February28日, Steven Erlanger, 引 Douglas Lute, “After a Fumbled Start, Russian Forces Hit Harder in Ukraine”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


beat to

略自beat to the punch。(這個詞源⁽⁺⁾能找到來源嗎？)

抢在...前面，被...抢先

I wanted to gather up all the pinecones, but you beat me to it!

我本来想捡所有的松果的，但是被你抢先了！


go by

I like to sit and watch the world go by. The rest of the day went by quickly.

我喜欢坐着看周围的人行色匆匆。 那天剩下的时间很快就过去了。

His full name is Ernest Tinkleton, but he goes by Ernie.

I'm only going by what my teacher said.

a good rule to go by

If his reputation is anything to go by, he's the best in this field.

如果他的名声是真的的话，他是这个领域里最好的。

The uncared-for external appearance of the tanks is nothing to go by, for the glass-lined tanks are kept in perfect condition.

1959 March, R. C. Riley, “Home with the Milk”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 155 頁:

Or perhaps we will sink back into our culture of complacent exceptionalism and await the next plague that will surely arrive. To go by recent history, that moment will come sooner than we think.

2020年April9日, Richard Horton, “Coronavirus is the greatest global science policy failure in a generation”, 出自 The Guardian:


green with envy

嫉妒得不得了的，嫉妒得表现出来的，眼红的


social butterfly

指蝴蝶在花间飞来飞去的习性。


David-and-Goliath

源自《圣经》中关于大卫王的故事。

The “Axanar” case has sparked considerable controversy within the “Star Trek” fan community, with some championing the film as a David-and-Goliath battle for creative freedom and others sharply criticizing the film’s creators for overstepping their bounds and threatening the entire world of fan films.

2016, Josh Rottenberg, “CBS and Paramount Pictures announce new guidelines on 'Star Trek' fan films”, 出自 Los Angeles Times:


well versed

better versed (comparative)
best versed (superlative)

versed的强调形式：造诣很深的


grunt work

She has not only participated in the left as a star, even though she came into the role quite young. When Holly was between entertainment jobs, she volunteered for grunt work in anti-war organizations.

1990年December9日, Maida Tilchen, “Closer To Near”, 出自 Gay Community News, 第 18 卷, 第 21 號，第 14 頁:

He plans to hire somebody to do the grunt work of digging the trenches for the pipes.

他打算雇人来干挖管道沟这种体力活。


have it out for

has it out for
having it out for
had it out for


pawn off

LeMaster was dealt to the even-lowlier Pittsburgh Pirates for a minor league pitcher. The Indians were so anxious to pawn him off on the Pirates that the club even paid Johnnie a $100,000 "assignment fee" to go to Pittsburgh.

1987, Bruce Nash, Allan Zullo, The Baseball Hall of Shame 3, Pocket Books, →ISBN，第 42 頁:


get one's claws into

gets one's claws into
getting one's claws into
got one's claws into
got one's claws into
gotten one's claws into

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get one's claws into.ogg

Once that bank gets its claws into you, it doesn't let go easily.

一旦你上了那家银行的勾，你就没那么容易跑掉了。


get one's hooks into

gets one's hooks into
getting one's hooks into
got one's hooks into
got one's hooks into
gotten one's hooks into


drop-dead

My date was drop-dead gorgeous!

我对象非常漂亮/帅气！（一般用于像这样搭配gorgeous）

最终地，不能更改地，定死地

drop-dead date

The intruding investor (VC #2) makes an offer at a pre-money valuation of $15 million, subject to due diligence, and the expiration of the "drop dead" date, meaning the date in the initial investor's term sheet when exclusivity expires.

2003, Joseph W. Bartlett, Ross Barrett, Michael Butler, Advanced Private Equity Term Sheets and Series A Documents:

As the drop-dead date approaches, my mind becomes more focused.

2010, Richard L. Daft, The Executive and the Elephant，第 96 頁:

If the assets [of a steel mill] were not sold by a fixed date, […]the “drop-dead” provision of the settlement agreement would take effect. Under that provision, the mills would be closed, the stay would be lifted, and the secured creditors would take possession. Probably neither the debtor nor the secured creditors believed that a sale could be completed before the drop-dead date.

2019, Lynn M. LoPucki, Elizabeth Warren, Robert M. Lawless, Secured Transactions: A Systems Approach，第 107 頁:


brown bag

源自常用于装自制便当的棕色纸袋。

Did you attend the brown bag Tuesday on healthy exercise habits?

So what student would choose to work in Washington for zero compensation, with benefits listed as "brown-bags," "farewell reception" and "athletic and service opportunities"?

1994年November6日, William Goss, “Interning For Pleasure And Profit”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


brown bag

源自常用于装自制便当的棕色纸袋。

带便当（而非在外面购买或使用学校或工作地的食堂）

（在公共场合从纸袋中拿酒出来偷偷地）喝酒


butterface

everything looks good but her face、great body but her face等短语的缩约形式，受到了butter (“黄油”)（可能还暗示了“平平无奇”或者“多油”等意思）和buttface的影响。参见这些词条。对比summerteeth。

I can’t even look at her, she’s such a butterface.

她真是不忍直视，活脱脱一个背影杀手。

Her face wasn't quite as pretty as he had hoped — Earl, the other mechanic back at his father's place called this kind of girl a Butterface...

2010, Laura Lippman, I'd Know You Anywhere, New York: HarperCollins, →ISBN，第 76 頁:

I can’t even look at her, she’s got such a butterface.

她真是不忍直视，她（明明身材很好却）脸太难看了。

Her friend had a hot figure and a butterface — great body, but her face — and they were talking about Greyhound's most recent dating fiasco.

2004, Amy Sohn, “The need to know and the fear of knowing”, 出自 My Old Man, New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，第 106 頁:


butter face

“She's a butter face,”
Harold looked at her for a minute and then back to Mr. Fink. “A butter face?” Repeated Harold not knowing what Mr. Fink meant.

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见butter、face。


summerteeth

...some of her teeth等表达的缩约形式，受到了summer的影响。对比butterface。

She's a lovely girl but she's got summerteeth—some are still there, but some ain't.

她是個挺可愛的小女孩，但是牙齒沒長齊——有的還在，有的掉了。

Always be careful handling your oars or you'll end up with a case of summerteeth.

划桨的时候小心点，不然你牙齿就不保了。

I glance over and see Mia smiling. "At least it's not some creepy old dude with a bald head and missing teeth."
Shaking my head, I chuckle. "I can't say if he's a toothless wonder or if he has summer teeth. I'm just saying it's a male."


scare the living daylights out of

scares the living daylights out of
scaring the living daylights out of
scared the living daylights out of

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-scare the living daylights out of.ogg


scare the daylights out of

scares the daylights out of
scaring the daylights out of
scared the daylights out of


put through the wringer

puts through the wringer
putting through the wringer
put through the wringer

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-put through the wringer.ogg

让...吃苦头；让...不好受

They really put each candidate through the wringer before choosing one to hire.

Psychiatrists say that for many people who have been put through the wringer over the past decade, the climate extremes are one crisis too many.

2023年September16日, Jason Horowitz, “How Do We Feel About Global Warming? It’s Called Eco-Anxiety.”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


talk the talk

talks the talk
talking the talk
talked the talk

说好听话，说大话，说漂亮话；说该说的话，说表达决心的话

When it comes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, he talks the talk, but it remains to be seen if he walks the walk.

关于减排温室气体，他说的是头头是道，但是他会不会付诸实际行动还是个未知数。

Some leaders only talk the talk but aren't prepared to take any risks.

一些领导人只会说漂亮话，但是从来不愿意冒风险。

Byford talks the talk, and he does it well.

2020年December2日, Andy Byford talks to Paul Clifton, “I enjoy really big challenges...”, 出自 Rail，第 55 頁:


walk the walk

walks the walk
walking the walk
walked the walk

When it comes to reducing greenhouse gas emissions, he talks the talk, but it remains to be seen if he can walk the walk.

关于减排温室气体，他说的是头头是道，但是他会不会付诸实际行动还是个未知数。

"The SNP like to talk the talk about net zero targets, but they can't walk the walk. We need a fares freeze for everyone if we want to get serious about greening the economy and a public railway run in the public interest."

2023年June28日, Conrad Landin, “Network News: Scottish 4.8% rail fares rise labelled 'bad news'”, 出自 RAIL, 第 986 期，第 18 頁:


quick on the uptake

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-quick on the uptake.ogg

quick-witted

理解快的，脑子灵的，聪明的

slow on the uptake

理解快的，脑子灵的，聪明的

slow-witted

理解快的，脑子灵的，聪明的

理解快的，脑子灵的，聪明的


live down

to live down slander

He has never been able to live down his electoral defeat.

他从一直没能选举失败的阴影中走出来。

I'll never live down this mistake.

我这辈子都走不出这个错误的阴影了。


scruffy

scruffier (comparative)
scruffiest (superlative)

A scruffy little dog came scampering down the road.

一条脏脏的小狗在路上跳来跳去。

scruffy clothes

scruffy man

scruffy outfit

"So you wanna be a rock 'n roll star?!" screams the centerspread of a scruffy rag produced by the Boston activist group Rock Against Sexism (R.A.S.) Amid a jumbled collage picturing shaggy-headed, bare-chested, "fuckin' awesome" white guy rockers, photo captions tell us how to succeed at rock 'n roll.

1987年December13日, Elizabeth Pincus, “Rock Against Sexism”, 出自 Gay Community News, 第 15 卷, 第 22 號，第 16 頁:


scruffy

认为称为neats的研究者所推崇的同构系统无法解决AI问题的人工智能研究者


salacious

more salacious (comparative)
most salacious (superlative)


Sangharama

借自梵語 संघाराम (Saṃghārāma)。

伽蓝 大乘佛教和藏传佛教中的一位菩萨，于汉地多为关羽形象

伽蓝 僧伽居住之所，即为寺庙


assail

源自中古英語 assailen，源自古法語 assaillir, assalir，源自晚期拉丁語 assalīre，源自拉丁語 ad (“向”) + salīre (“跳”)。见assault。

攻击，袭击 （亦比喻义）；困扰

Muggers assailed them as they entered an alley.

他们进小巷以后被强盗袭击了。

Our ears were assailed by her joyous efforts on her new saxophone.

她津津乐道地讲她的萨克斯怎么样怎么样，说得我们都烦了。

With greedy force he gan the fort assayle,
Whereof he weend possesse soone to bee,
And win rich spoile of ransackt chastitee.

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book I, Canto VI”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC，第 76-77 頁s:

“[…] for the next six months or so those children will assail her in public with demands for an improper story!”

1897, Saki, “The Story-teller”, 出自 Beasts and Super-beasts, London: John Lane, 出版於 1914，第 238 頁:

We got married immediately after I finished my work […] which should have been the happiest day of my life. […] ¶ But, it was not my happiest day. I was assailed by doubts.

1942, Zora Neale Hurston, 章號 14, 出自 Dust Tracks on a Road, New York: Arno Press and The New York Times, 出版於 1969，第 258 頁:

He did not like being in crowds, foul smells galore assailing his nostrils.

2007, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, Wizard of the Crow, Nairobo: East African Educational Publishers, Book 2, Chapter 3, p. 64,


go belly-up

源自鱼死亡时肚子朝上飘浮的现象。

goes belly-up
going belly-up
went belly-up
gone belly-up

沦落，落魄，失败；破产，关门大吉

I was sorry to hear that my favorite little restaurant went belly-up.

我听说我最爱去的饭店关门了以后感觉很难过。


probie

试用期的人，见习的人；菜鸟，新手

A probie never complains. A probie keeps his mouth shut, his eyes open. A probie is never idle. A probie is always learning or drilling or cleaning. That's why you're still called a probie: for one year after you leave training school.

1997. Steve Delson. "The Fire Inside: Firefighters Talk About Their Lives", Page 41


press someone's buttons

presses someone's buttons
pressing someone's buttons
pressed someone's buttons

But I'm pretty persuasive, and I've learned how elected officials think. I know how to press their buttons.