begrave

源自中古英語 begraven，源自古英語 begrafan (“掩埋”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *bigrabaną (“翻，掩埋”)，等同於be- + grave。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 begreeuwe (“掩埋”)、西弗里斯蘭語 begrave (“掩埋”)、荷蘭語 begraven (“掩埋”)、德語 begraben (“掩埋”)、丹麥語 begrave (“掩埋”)、瑞典語 begrava (“掩埋”)、哥特語 𐌱𐌹𐌲𐍂𐌰𐌱𐌰𐌽 (bigraban，“翻”)同源。

begraves (third-person singular present)
begraving (present participle)
begraved (past)
begrove (past)
begraved (past participle)
begraven (past participle)


ferm

He let his land to ferm.

Out of her fleshly ferme fled to the place of paine..

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book III, Canto V”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


intime

源自拉丁語 intimus (“最深處的”)，可能經由法語 intime。对比intimate (形容詞)。

more intime (comparative)
most intime (superlative)

As to the composition or dissolution of mixed bodies, which is the chief work of elements, and requires an intime application of the agents, water hath the principality and excess over earth.

a. 1665, Sir Kenelm Digby, Of bodies and of mans soul to discover the immortality


helder

源自古諾爾斯語 heldr。與丹麥語 heller同源。


digne

源自中古英語 digne，源自古法語 digne，源自拉丁語 dignus。

more digne (comparative)
most digne (superlative)

值得的，應得的；榮耀的；合宜的

Deeds they shall do so digne memorious glory, / song shall not suit nor Hist'ory hold the story.

1880，Richard Francis Burton，Os Lusíadas，卷 II，頁 387:


recense

recenses (third-person singular present)
recensing (present participle)
recensed (past participle)

Pope Sixtus and Clemens at a vast expense had an assembly of learned divines, to recense and adjust the Latin Vulgate

教皇西斯笃和克莱孟花费巨资召集神学大家开会，对拉丁文武加大译本进行修改和调整。

1716，Richard Bentley，章號 189, in The Correspondence of Richard Bentley, D.D.，頁 506:


suant

源自中古英語 suant，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 suant，源自古法語 suiant、sivant，sivre (“跟隨”) 的現在分詞，源自拉丁語 sequor。

more suant (comparative)
most suant (superlative)


suant

Peter and his wife did not get on very "suant" together.

彼得和他老婆的生活過得不是很“順利”。

1899，Sabine Baring-Gould，Book of the West，頁 252:


outrance

源自古法語 oltrance（現代 outrance (“過度，過分”))，源自outrer (“越過，超過”)，源自oltre、outre、utre，源自晚期拉丁語 ultra-。对比outrage。

But if the shield was touched with the sharp end of the lance, the combat was understood to be at “outrance”, that is, the knights were to fight with sharp weapons, as in actual battle.


goss

He now states, as one of the miseries of being tall, his frequent collision with the shop blinds projecting over the footway, which endanger his head—or what is of more consequence to him, his hat. Some malicious people, on seeing him in full chase up Regent-street after his goss. (a la Pickwick) compared his activity to a snail in full gallop, while others remarked on his affinity to a spider after a fly.

1838, Actors by Daylight (volume 1, page 143)


futter

由理查德·弗朗西斯·伯顿根據法語 foutre所造，源自拉丁語 futuo, futuere。

futters (third-person singular present)
futtering (present participle)
futtered (past participle)

Sir John Fastolf called out cheerfully over Miranda’s shoulder to his departing guests, remarking on the sweetness of the night air now that the storm of yesterday night had cleared it, and the day’s rain momentarily had ceased. And all the while he futtered Miranda’s anal canal from behind, and frigged her clitoris.

When Doge is not feeding or futtering, depend on it, he is hunting.

1969，Avram Davidson，The Phoenix and the Mirror:


skilder

skilders (third-person singular present)
skildering (present participle)
skildered (past participle)


fasel

源自中古英語 faselen。

fasels (third-person singular present)
faseling (present participle)
faselling (present participle)
faseled (past participle)
faselled (past participle)

So must this needs also, especially in this latter knowing age of the world; and by reason also of that seeming neere similitude which hypocrisie holds unto the truth and power of grace, (which hath fazled and entangled this controversie) the objections and difficulties which a beleever meets with in beating out a right judgement of his estate, are greater then in any controversie the world ever knew.

1636, Thomas Goodwin, A childe of Light Walking in Darknesse:


destituent

源自拉丁語 destituens (“abandoning”), present participle of destituo (“I forsake, I abandon”)。

more destituent (comparative)
most destituent (superlative)

a destituent condition


retrait

源自中古法語 retrait。

圖畫、圖片或其他視覺表現形式

She is the mighty Queene of Faerie, / Whose faire retrait I in my shield do beare […]

仙后她強大有力量，/ 圖像畫在我盾牌上

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto IX”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


retrait

源自中古法語 retrait。


tentation

源自古法語 tentation，源自拉丁語 tentatio，temptatio 的變體。參見 temptation。

通過反覆]試驗或實驗来調整或操作的一種模式


tore

源自中古英語 tor、tore、toor，源自古諾爾斯語 tor- (“困難的；錯誤的；不好的”，前綴)，源自原始日耳曼語 *tuz- (“困難的；錯誤的；不好的”)，源自原始印歐語 *dus- (“不好的；困難的”)。與古高地德語 zur- (前綴)、哥特語 𐍄𐌿𐌶- (tuz-，“困難的”，前綴)、古希臘語 δυσ- (dus-，“不好的；困難的”，前綴)同源。參見dys-。

more tore (comparative)
most tore (superlative)

強大的，堅固的；大量的，巨大的


alight

源自中古英語 alighten (“（从某处）下来；下（车，马）；到达，停在；着陆；掉落；攻击；（雷，闪电）打，击；跳上（马背等）；（段位，官阶）下降；使...（的段位，官阶）下降；出现，涌现；减轻；（基督教，指基督，天使，圣灵，奇迹等）下凡，降临；下（地狱）；（某事）降临到，发生到”) [以及其他形式]，融合自：
* 古英語 ālīhtan (“下（车马）”)，源自ā- (“离，出，走”，前缀) + līhtan、līehtan (“降临；使...变轻，减轻”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *h₁lengʷʰ- (“轻”)；和
* 古英語 ġelīhtan (“下（车马）；使...变轻，使...变简单；减轻”)，源自ġe- (程度增强前缀，接于动词表示完成，完满) + līhtan、līehtan（见上）。
英语中，作a- (表示“离，出，走”的前缀) + light (“使...简单，使...变轻；拿走；从...卸货；（古旧）降落，着陆；下（车马）”)分析。
同源词
* 中古低地德語 erlichten (“使...变轻”)
* 古高地德語 gilīhten (“使...变轻”)（中古高地德語 gelīhten）、古高地德語 irlīhten (“减轻”)（中古高地德語 erlīhten，现代德語 erleichten）

alights (third-person singular present)
alighting (present participle)
alighted (past participle)
alit (past participle)

alighten

使...变轻 （质量，程度等）；减轻，缓解

alighten

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

light

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

disembark

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

debark

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

get off

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

get out

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

unlight

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

使...变轻 （质量，程度等）；减轻，缓解


supplant

源自古法語 supplanter，源自拉丁語 supplantō (“绊倒”)，源自sub (“下”) + planta (“脚底”)。

supplants (third-person singular present)
supplanting (present participle)
supplanted (past participle)


tongue-in-cheek

该短语暗指了将自己的舌头伸出搭到自己脸上的面部表情。首个书面引文见于1828年，但是已经不清楚它指的是字面意思还是现在的意思。较晚出现的Richard Barham的引文中的这个词的意思则很清楚。


traipse

多半借自法語 trépasser (“穿过”)。

traipses (third-person singular present)
traipsing (present participle)
traipsed (past participle)

邋遢地走，难看地走；走过泥土


trice

源自中古英語 trīcen、trice、trise (“拉或推；掳走；偷窃”)，源自中古荷蘭語 trīsen (“升起”)（现代荷蘭語 trijsen）或中古低地德語 trissen (“拉斜杠帆”)。之后词源不详。同源词包括丹麥語 trisse、tridse (“用滑轮拖”)、低地德語 trissen、tryssen、drisen、drysen、德語 trissen、triezen (“烦扰，折磨”)。

trices (third-person singular present)
tricing (present participle)
triced (past participle)

The tent is made of light, close, unbleached duck, […] A window, six inches square, is fitted at the upper end with a flap to trice up or haul down.

1875 August，Clements R[obert] Markham，“Arctic Ice-travels”, in The Popular Science Monthly，卷 VII, New York, N.Y.: D. Appleton and Company, […], →OCLC，頁 479:


trice

源自中古英語 trīce、tryys、tryyst，源自中古荷蘭語 trīse、trijs（现代荷蘭語 trijs (“滑轮，绞盘”)）或中古低地德語 trīsse、trītse (“起重用的绳子，索具”)；可能与[[#词源 1]]的动词trice和古英語 tryndel (“滚筒，滚轮”)（详见trend、trindle）有关。英语词与丹麥語 tridse、trisse (“滑轮”)、低地德語 trissel (“眩晕”)、德語 trieze (“吊车；滑轮”)、挪威語 triss (“滑轮”)、瑞典語 trissa (“滑轮”)同源。


flesh and blood

等量混合的白兰地和波特酒


instaure

instaures (third-person singular present)
instauring (present participle)
instaured (past participle)


big house

作俚语时总是后接于“the”。


honey bucket

A wood stove had been fashioned from a fifty-five gallon drum, matching the design of the honey bucket in the outhouse, the fish smoker on the riverbank and, its barrell sliced diagonally and mounted on a nose wheel, the wheelbarrow in the garden.

1995，Dana Stabenow，Play with Fire, →ISBN，頁 106:


sunder

源自中古英語 sunder，源自古英語 sundor- (“不同的”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *sundraz (“分离的”)，源自原始印歐語 *snter-、*seni-、*senu-、*san- (“离；独自”)。同源词有古撒克遜語 sundar (“特别的”)、荷蘭語 zonder (“没有，不带”)、德語 sonder- (“特别的”)、德語 sondern (“分离”)、古諾爾斯語 sundr (“分离”)、丹麥語 sønder (“分开”)、拉丁語 sine (“没有，不带，无”)。

more sunder (comparative)
most sunder (superlative)


convertite

对比意大利語 convertito，convertire (“轉變”) 的過去分詞。


skulk

源自中古英語 skulke, skulken，源自北日耳曼語支，对比丹麥語 skulke (“逃避，偷懒”)、瑞典語 skolka (“偷懒”)。

“I shall do my duty, Mr. Jackson,” replied Newton, “and fear no consequences.”
“Indeed! you saw how I settled a skulk just now;—beware of his fate!”

1832，Frederick Marryat，章號 16, in Newton Forster; or, The Merchant Service，卷 1, London: James Cochrane，頁 238:

Toward evening there was something to be done on deck, and the carpenter who belonged to the watch was missing. “Where’s that skulk, Chips?” shouted Jermin down the forecastle scuttle.

1847，Herman Melville，章號 4, in Omoo，New York: Harper，頁 32:

If you should ever need help, my son, let this be your rule—‘never ask it from the man who deserted his country in her hour of need.’ The soldier’s child will find no mercy from a skulk, depend on it.

1872，Sallie F. Chapin，章號 7, in Fitz-Hugh St. Clair, the South Carolina Rebel Boy，Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger，頁 75:

An exempt, a skulk, or one upon whom rested the faintest suspicion of evading duty or shrinking in the critical hour of impending battle, was the special object of his wrath.

1906，Henry E. Shepherd，Life of Robert Edward Lee，New York: Neale, Part 3, p. 62:


transpire

借自中古法語 transpirer，源自中世紀拉丁語 transpirare (“通过...呼吸”)，源自拉丁語 trans (“穿过”) spirare (“呼吸”)。“为人所知”一意也出现于法语内，但是“发生”没有。可能后者是在英语内基于前者衍生出来的。

transpires (third-person singular present)
transpiring (present participle)
transpired (past participle)

sweat

出汗，排汗 （17-19世纪）

perspire

出汗，排汗 （17-19世纪）

come to light

为人所知，公开，透露出来 （自18世纪）

词义“发生”可能产生于对“为人所知”一意的误解，后者又是原意“散发出”的一个比喻义。一些评论家认为这样的用法是错误做作的，不应使用。但是，这个用法可追溯回18世纪，且自19世纪以来即已普及。

出汗，排汗 （17-19世纪）


come off

comes off (third-person singular present)
coming off (present participle)
came off (past)
come off (past participle)


adure

借自拉丁語 adūrō。

adures (third-person singular present)
aduring (present participle)
adured (past participle)

Such a degree of heat, which doth neither melt nor scorch, doth mellow, and not adure.

1631，Francis [Bacon]，“(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […]，第3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:


seethe

动词派生自中古英語 sethen、seeth (“沸腾；煮沸；...”) [以及其他形式]，源自古英語 sēoþan (“沸腾；煮沸；...”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *seuþaną (“沸腾,煮沸”)，源自原始印歐語 *h₂sewt-、*h₂sew-、*h₂sut- (“四处移动；沸”)。
名词派生自动词。
同源词
* 阿爾巴尼亞語 zjej (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 丹麥語 syde (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 荷蘭語 zieden (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 德語 sieden (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 哥特語 𐍃𐌰𐌿𐌸𐍃 (sauþs，“祭品”)
* 冰島語 sjóða (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 低地德語 seden (“煮沸”)
* 書面挪威語 syde (“t煮沸，沸腾”)
* 新挪威語 sjoda、syda (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 低地蘇格蘭語 seth、seith (“煮沸”)
* 瑞典語 sjuda (“煮沸，沸腾”)
* 西弗里斯蘭語 siede (“沸腾”)

seethes (third-person singular present)
seething (present participle)
seethed (past participle)

bubble

（像沸腾一般）冒泡，翻滚

将...煮沸，炖煮；保持...煮沸

So many dead bodies were quartered, that the executioner stood ankle deep in blood. He was assisted by a poor man whose loyalty was suspected, and who was compelled to ransom his own life by seething the remains of his friends in pitch.

1849，Thomas Babington Macaulay，章號 V, in The History of England from the Accession of James II，卷 I, London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC，頁 634:

When he had cooked or seethed the Peace-offering, the priest took the sodden shoulder of the ram and one unleavened cake out of the basket and one unleavened wafer and put them upon the hands of the Nazirite and waved them.

1933，“Nazir (‘The Nazirite-vow’)”, in Herbert Danby（譯者）, The Mishnah […]，London; New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, 3rd division (Nashim (‘Women’)), paragraph 6.9，頁 289:

Seethe some of that in Gar Vindisc's good water and bring it to us. Bread, too, as long as you don't make it from shellbacks.

2010，James Enge，Travellers’ Rest，Amherst, N.Y.: Pyr Books, →ISBN:

Elixation is the ſeething of meat in the ſtomack, by the ſaid naturall heat, as meat is boyled in a pot; […]

1638，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，“Of the Soule and Her Faculties”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy. […]，第5th版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed [by Robert Young, Miles Flesher, and Leonard Lichfield and William Turner] for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 1, member 2, subsection 5，頁 20:


vaticine

And thus (according to this vaticine) twise it was left, but the third time it shall be kept.

1587，Raphael Holinshed，Holinshed's Chronicles of England, Scotland and Ireland，卷 3，存檔自the original on 2011-06-08:


rivalize

rivalizes (third-person singular present)
rivalizing (present participle)
rivalized (past participle)


aboutes

abouts的另一種寫法


aboutes

abouts的另一種寫法


naufrage

the opinion , not to relieve any case after judginent , would be a guilty opinion ; guilty of the ruin , and naufrage , and perishing of infinite subjects

May 7 1617, Francis Bacon, speech on taking his place in Chancery


rangement

general abstract ideas, common measures and receptacles formed by the mind, for the better lodgment, rangement, and adjustment of our other ideas

1734，Daniel Waterland，A Dissertation upon the Argument A Priori for Proving the Existence of a First Cause in a letter to Mr. Law:


tide over

tides over (third-person singular present)
tiding over (present participle)
tided over (past participle)

In responding, J. P. Knight, the Traffic Manager, emphasised the company's desire to meet the wants of Brighton in every way and to develop traffic, while the question of a reduction in fares would be considered as soon as they had tided over their most pressing difficulties.

1952 December，R. C. Riley，“By Rail to Kemp Town”, in Railway Magazine，頁 832:

I will therefore suggest a way to tide over this difficulty.

2001，Swami Parmeshwaranand，Encyclopaedic Dictionary of Puranas:


tiff

源自中古英語 tiffen、古法語 tiffer、tifer (“打扮”，→法語 attifer)，源自古法蘭克語 *tipfōn、*tippōn (“装饰”)，可能与原始日耳曼語 *tuppaz (“尖，端”)有关。对比荷蘭語 tippen (“剪发梢”)、古諾爾斯語 tippa (“尖端”)、英語 tip (名词)、中古高地德語 zipfen (“蹦跳”)。

tiffs (third-person singular present)
tiffing (present participle)
tiffed (past participle)

Is the Miss under a force when she culls among her trinkets with curious toil to tiff herself out in the most engaging manner

1768-1777，Abraham Tucker，The Light of Nature Pursued: