tant pis

Then deep melancholia struck her, the lace was left out of whatever fine lace should be kept in for moth protection, and the moths ate it up. Oh, well. Tant pis.

1975，Tennessee Williams，Memoirs，New Directions Publishing, 出版於 2006, →ISBN，頁 105:


smutty

smutties (third-person singular present)
smuttying (present participle)
smuttied (past participle)

[…] but went on smuttying her face and fingers at her little table, so littered with powder and blue and whitey-brown serpent cases that it looked like a Lilliputian arsenal.

1870年September1日，“Episodes in an Obscure Life”, in The Sunday Magazine，頁 713:


realisation

源自法語 réalisation，源自中古法語，等同於realise + -ation。

A widening of the M4 had long been mooted, and the Welsh Government had even earmarked most of the required £1.6bn funding for a new 14-mile, six-lane section around Newport. Then, in the face of opposition from environmentalists, came a realisation that similar road schemes across the world tend merely to encourage greater car use and therefore soon prove ineffective in solving the original problem.

2020年December2日，Christian Wolmar，“Wales offers us a glimpse of an integrated transport policy”, in Rail，頁 56:


provocateur

Gerard Mortier, an iconoclastic impresario and one of the opera world’s premier provocateurs, will become general manager and artistic director of the New York City Opera in 2009.

2007年February28日，Daniel J. Wakin，“City Opera Lures Director From Paris”, in New York Times:


affecting

more affecting (comparative)
most affecting (superlative)

The moment when Tyrion firmly grabs his friend’s arm just before Dany utters the cue for Drogon to burn the eunuch alive is affecting, because it conveys both how much Tyrion cares for his friend, and also how much this is costing him.

维斯特洛在《权力的游戏》倒数第二季面临灾难性的最后一战

2019年May12日，Alex McLevy，“Westeros faces a disastrous final battle on the penultimate Game of Thrones (newbies) [维斯特洛在《权力的游戏》倒数第二季面临灾难性的最后一战]”, in The A.V. Club:


bringing

Now, it seems intuitively obvious that these indirect bringings about are genuine actions[…]

1984，Michael J. Zimmerman，An essay on human action，頁 93:


hold up

holds up (third-person singular present)
holding up (present participle)
held up (past participle)

I've got to be to work now. Why are you holding me up?

我现在要去上班呢。你拦着我干嘛？

What is holding up traffic?

It worked to perfection. Ferrari's decision not to stop on the next lap simply made life easier, especially when Alonso was held up by Marussia's Charles Pic during that period - for which the Frenchman earned a drive-through penalty.

2012年May13日，Andrew Benson，“Williams's Pastor Maldonado takes landmark Spanish Grand Prix win”, in BBC Sport:

Hold up the table while I slide this underneath.

抬一下桌子，我把这个滑进去。

In order to accommodate the new platform 4 and the reversibly signalled slow line, a deep cutting had to be cut back and held up in places with a concrete retaining wall.

1962 June，David Walters，“The new station and layout at Coventry”, in Modern Railways，頁 405:


vanful

一辆客货车能容纳的人或物

For one thing, they are cheaper and more compact than older systems, which required a vanful of equipment and a dedicated tech nerd and cost thousands of dollars a week to rent.

2007年March25日，Jesse Green，“Theater’s Alive With the Sound of Laptops”, in New York Times:


Kazakhstani

more Kazakhstani (comparative)
most Kazakhstani (superlative)

Unlike Ali G Indahouse, Baron Cohen’s failed attempt to bring his most famous character into an entirely fictional universe, Borat found the comic tension in placing his Kazakhstani buffoon in delicate social situations, like a rodeo where he supports the “War Of Terror” a bit too zealously.

2012年May15日，Scott Tobias，“Film: Reviews: The Dictator”, in The Onion AV Club:


Panamanian

Now when Ruthie says come see her / In her honky-tonk lagoon / Where I can watch her waltz for free / 'Neath her Panamanian moon

1966，Bob Dylan （作曲作詞）, “Stuck Inside of Mobile with the Memphis Blues Again”, in Blonde on Blonde:


vires

The → United Kingdom, in particular, argued that the adoption of universally applicable rules for determining the law applicable to non-contractual obligations was not necessary for the proper functioning of the Internal Market and that some territorial restriction on the situations to which the Regulation’s rules would apply was appropriate. Although that position was apparently supported by a legal opinion given by the Council’s legal service (Opinion of the Council Legal Service on the proposal for a Regulation on the law applicable to non-contractual obligations (“ROME II”) of 2 March 2004, 7015/04), the Commission, with the support of the vast majority of Member States, fiercely resisted limits of this kind. Its wish ultimately prevailed, and a challenge to the vires of the Regulation now appears a remote prospect given the broadening of EU competence in the area of justice by the Lisbon Treaty (see now art 81 TFEU).

2017，Andrew Dickinson，“Rome II Regulation (non-contractual obligations”, in Encyclopedia of Private International Law，卷 2, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing, →ISBN，頁 1563:


au fait

more au fait (comparative)
most au fait (superlative)

Are you au fait with the rules of the game?

The Chevalier was, as usual, au fait at all the anecdotes of the court, which had been exceedingly gay, owing to the visit of Madame de Savoie and her daughter, the Princess Marguerite.

骑士像往常一样，对宫廷的所有轶事了如指掌，由于萨瓦夫人和她的女儿玛格丽特公主的来访，宫廷的气氛非常热烈。

1834，Letitia Elizabeth Landon，Francesca Carrara，卷 2，頁 175:

Now there is father; he is au fait in all these matters; has a theory for every case of whooping-cough, – and a mission school.

现在有了父亲；他对所有这些事情都很熟悉；有一套适用于所有百日咳病例的理论，还有一所传教学校。

1871，Elizabeth Stuart Phelps，“The Silent Partner”, in Popular American Literature of the 19th Century, →ISBN，頁 857:

In that case, it would help to have a benevolent deity who is au fait with those complexities — but that there is such a deity is a feature of Stoic theology.

1999，R.J. Hankinson，The Cambridge History of Hellenistic Philosophy, →ISBN，頁 535:

This may sound needless to the professional who is au fait with the history and direction of the investigation.

对于熟悉调查历史和方向的专业人士来说，这可能听起来没有必要。

2003，D R J Laming，Understanding Human Motivation: What Makes People Tick?, →ISBN，頁 4:


koken

借自日語 後見(こうけん) (kōken)。

穿黑衣、負責佈置舞臺的工作人員

McAllister uses the Japanese device of the koken for changing scenes, distributing props, and creating furniture.

1988年July8日，Diana Spinrad，“Tango; Chicago Young Playwrights Festival”, in Chicago Reader:


dite

dites (third-person singular present)
diting (present participle)
dited (past participle)

His hideous club aloft he dites.

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto VIII”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 18:


habitué

借自法語 habitué，habituer (“使習慣於”)的過去分詞，源自晚期拉丁語 habituare (“習慣於”)，源自habitus。

/həˈbɪt͡ʃuˌeɪ/

A month ago the new smoking ban turned thousands of bar-room habitués into reluctant exiles from their usual corner seat.

一个月前新实施的禁烟令，使得数以千计的酒吧常客不情愿地离开他们常去的角落座位。

Indeed, many guests even became habitués in order to blaze a trail with reckless abandon seven days a week.

2011年September28日，Greg Simmons，“The most rock'n'roll hotel in the world? Los Angeles' Chateau Marmont”, in The Guardian:


Godzilla

源自日語 ゴジラ (Gojira)，由ゴリラ (gorira，“大猩猩”)和鯨 (kujira)构成的混成词，为同名电影而造。

What other television show would feature a gorgeously designed sequence where a horrifically mutated Pierre and Marie Curie, their bodies swollen to Godzilla-like proportions from prolonged exposure to the radiation that would eventually kill them, destroy an Asian city with their bare hands like vengeance-crazed monster-Gods?

2012年May20日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Marge Gets A Job” (season 4, episode 7; originally aired 11/05/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club:


Godzilla

a Godzilla of a tower building

Aren't we supposed to be a big, terrifying country, a Godzilla of capitalism wrecking the globe?

2009，P. J. O'Rourke，Peace Kills，Atlantic Books, →ISBN:


hardiment

But full of fire and greedy hardiment, / The youthfull knight could not for ought be staide […]

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto I”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


dirigiste

借自法語 dirigiste，源自diriger (“帶領，引導；領導，指導”)，源自拉丁語 dirigere，dīrigō (“帶領，引導，指導”)的現在主動不定式。

more dirigiste (comparative)
most dirigiste (superlative)

（經濟等方面）受中央統制管理的

The repeated crises in dirigiste systems are in essence crises of information since the abolition of the market leaves the central planner bereft of that economic knowledge which is required for harmony.

統制經濟體制中反覆出現的危機實質上是信息的危機，因為市場的廢除使中央計劃者失去了和諧所需的經濟知識。

1982，Norman Barry，“The Tradition of Spontaneous Order [自發性秩序的傳統]”, in Literature of Liberty，卷 5, 期 2，頁 10:

Certainly, popular demands and the force of circumstances have already pushed the Biden administration towards a dirigiste programme of government-led recovery that has no real precedent since the 1960s.

2022，Jeremy Gilbert，Alex Williams，“Strange Times”, in Hegemony Now，London: Verso, →ISBN, part III:


landrush

土地抢购潮 （美国历史上的事件，一些曾受限的土地开放供人购买建房子，人们可以按先到先得前去注册）

It never knew a boom and was relatively untouched by the great landrush of the 1850's.

The landrush to all intents and purposes made the cowboy defunct.

（对有限资源的）争抢，哄抢

In the event that an applicant obtains the domain name in question through the Landrush process described below, the service will be activated...

2001，United States Congress，ICANN, New GTLDS, and the Protection of Intellectual Property:


ailing

When you're well enough off so's you don't have to fret about anything but your heft or your diseases you begin to get queer, I suppose. And the queerer the cure for those ailings the bigger the attraction. A place like the Right Livers' Rest was bound to draw freaks, same as molasses draws flies.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 5, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:


ailing

more ailing (comparative)
most ailing (superlative)

体弱多病的，身体差的，不健康的

She cared for her ailing brother day in, day out.

她夜以继日地照顾她那体弱多病的弟弟。

Based on the successful Class 59 but with a much more modern engine, what was to become the Class 66 was designed to replace much of the company's elderly and ailing locomotive fleet.

2021年February24日，“Fleet News: Class 66 history”, in RAIL，期 925，頁 27:


semblant

But vnder simple shew and semblant plaine / Lurckt false Duessa secretly vnseene […]

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto I”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


sapeur

Since the 1920s, the sapeurs of the Congo have been making sartorial statements on the streets of Brazzaville and Kinshasa.

2020年July27日，Trey Kay，“Congolese dandies: Meet the stylish men and women of Brazzaville”, in The Guardian，London: The Guardian Media Group, retrieved 2020-10-01:


terrasse

terrasses (third-person singular present)
terrassing (present participle)
terrassed (past participle)

However, to bring the heads of the league the sooner to a capitulation, it was resolved upon in his council, to attack all the suburbs at once, which he executed on the night of the twenty seventh of July , with great success , having carried them in less than an hour , and bloated up all the doors , before which his men erected their lodgings , after terrassing the houses that were next the ditch.

1785，Hardouin de Péréfixe de Beaumont，The Life of Henry the Fourth of France，頁 144:

Gottwald lists three elements which may have made it possible for an Israelite tribal society to emerge in the Palestinian mountainous areas around 1200: the introduction of iron tools; the new technique of lining cisterns; and the new method of cultivation, which entailed terrassing the mountain slopes in order to control the use of the available rainfall.


alacrity

1500年至1510年间源自拉丁語 alacritās，源自alacer (“敏捷的”) + -itas (名词化后缀)。

Besides, a wealthy man, well at ease, may pray to God quietly and merrily with alacrity and great quietness of mind, whereas he who lieth groaning in his grief cannot endure to pray nor can he hardly think upon anything but his pain.

1553 (posth.), Thomas More, A Dialogue of Comfort against Tribulation, Book I, Chapter 19:

"I'll get into the clothes this minute, if they're here," said Sam, with great alacrity.

1837，Charles Dickens，章號 12, in The Pickwick Papers:

You have an overgrown alacrity

1920, Edward Arlington Robinson, The Three Taverns, "Tasker Norcross":

This evening, however, he was struck by the beaming alacrity of the aide-de-camp's greeting.

1922，Edith Wharton，章號 24, in The Glimpses of the Moon:

Yet this government never of itself furthered any enterprise, but by the alacrity with which it got out of its way.

1849, Henry David Thoreau, "On the Duty of Civil Disobedience":

Not just that, but if the inlet of a turbopump impeller runs dry, it would overspeed with blinding alacrity.


googology

According to googology, Prince Charles is the anti-christ. Look it up.

谷歌搜索結果說查爾斯王儲是反基督。你查下看看。

2001年August23日，Edvins Augusts，“Pete Phoenix, are you English?”, in alt.astrology (Usenet):

Scroll down to 'googology 101' and 'googology 201', searching and advanced searching.

2003年May21日，Chakolate，“Dr. Phil and Menopause”, in alt.support.menopause (Usenet):

and now for some comparative googology […]

2006年May29日，kurt wismer，“Re: Rootkit?”, in alt.comp.virus (Usenet):


toilsome

more toilsome (comparative)
most toilsome (superlative)

‘And you, Sir knight,’ / (Said she) ‘that taken have this toylesome paine / For wretched woman […]!’

1596，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book V, Canto X”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

The whole of the interior of South Africa is, of course, one vast plateau at a considerable elevation, and all the main lines coming up from the coast have some toilsome climbing.

1940 July，“Notes and News: Timetables in South Africa”, in Railway Magazine，頁 422:


galvanise

galvanises (third-person singular present)
galvanising (present participle)
galvanised (past participle)

"We have completely rejuvenated the project. Everyone is galvanised. We will get it open - and open means open. [...]."

2020年December2日，Andy Byford talks to Paul Clifton，“I enjoy really big challenges...”, in Rail，頁 53:


kak

借自南非語 kak (“屎”)，源自荷蘭語 kak (“屎”)。

‘You a cop? You with the guy inside?’ the shoppie says, bending his knees to talk to me confidentially. ‘Cos it was legitimate, okay? Bitch started pulling down the merchandise, falling around. Dronkie. She's been in here before, causing kak. Stealing shit. And how long is your friend gonna be in there anyway?’

2008，Lauren Beukes，Moxyland，Jacana Media, →ISBN，頁s 102–103:


ferm

Out of her fleshly ferme fled to the place of paine..

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book III, Canto V”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


in flagrante delicto

借自中世紀拉丁語 in flagrante delicto (字面意思是“当犯罪正在燃烧时”)，源自in + flāgrō (“燃烧”) + dēlictō，dēlictum (“犯罪，不当行为”)的变格形式。

亦作缩略形式in flagrante，其尤用于与性交有关时，如“to be caught in flagrante”.

当场，以现行犯 （在某人犯罪时当场）

He would be caught in flagrante delicto, and, with a heavy sentence hovering over him, he would probably be induced to name his accomplice.

1908，Baroness Orczy，章號 V, in The Old Man in the Corner:

当场 （在某人正在性交时当场）

We've already established that you were one of Miss Scarlet's clients. That's why you were so desperate to get your hands on those negatives. Photographs of you and Yvette in flagrante delicto, remember?

1985，Jonathan Lynn，Clue，spoken by Colonel Mustard (Martin Mull):

I would add to that the fact that, if we are happy to be caught in flagrante delicto in a picturesque setting, there would be something almost humiliating about being caught somewhere as ugly as that.

2002，Adriana Hunter，The Sexual Life of Catherine M.，根據Catherine MilletLa Vie Sexuelle de Catherine M.改編的翻譯作品，頁 146:

When his housemates, two men and a woman, found them in flagrante delicto, one reported, “She said she didn’t want us to think of her as ‘that girl.’ ”

2015年February8日，Naomi Schaefer Riley，“Columbia mattress rape case is not justice — it’s shaming without proof”, in New York Post:


bril

布里爾，心理物理學上的明度單位，相當於 tfrac 1 10⁷π坎德拉每平方米

In the experiments, the brightness in brils was measured as a function of luminance for various adaptation levels of the eye.

1993，Course notes - Volume 22，Association for Computing Machinery's Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics, →OCLC，頁s 7-7:

Here, Q is brightness (or perceived luminance), measured in brils.

2005，Erik Reinhard, Greg Ward, Sumanta Pattanaik，High Dynamic Range Imaging, →ISBN:

Tumblin's model aims to match a perceived quality known as brightness, measured in brils, so that the real world brightness and display brightness can be equated.

2012，Julie Dorsey, Philipp Slusallek，Rendering Techniques ’97, →ISBN:

many of the old units-such as the nox, phot, glim, skot, and scot (identical), as well as the bril and brill (different)—are so antiquated as to be of interest only to the historian.

2014，William Ross McCluney，Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Second Edition，頁 360:


evasion

源自中古法語 évasion，源自晚期拉丁語 evasionem（evasio 的賓格）。

In these hunting scenes, as many critics have noted, the reversals, negotiations, lurkings, and evasions between hunter and prey mirror and frame the bedroom strategies of the Lady and Gawain.

2011，Christine Chism，Alliterative Revivals，頁 99:

He complained to LNER but was told: "We have had an increase in fare evasion on certain services which has led to our locking toilet facilities where (people) usually hide to avoid payment. Although Aberdeen is a gated station, customers often purchase the cheapest ticket available and board our services."

2020年January2日，Barry Doe，“ScotRail suspending seat reservations is hardly a "recipe for disaster"”, in Rail，頁 62:


like hell

You'd better run like hell!

He had an innate honesty and humility, a work ethic that elevated him above most others in England. He knew what he wanted and worked like hell to try to make it happen.

2018年May4日，Tom English，“Steven Gerrard: A 'seriously clever or recklessly stupid' Rangers appointment”, in BBC Sport:


digne

源自中古英語 digne，源自古法語 digne，源自拉丁語 dignus。

more digne (comparative)
most digne (superlative)

值得的，應得的；榮耀的；合宜的

Deeds they shall do so digne memorious glory, / song shall not suit nor Hist'ory hold the story.

1880，Richard Francis Burton，Os Lusíadas，卷 II，頁 387:


ponent

借自意大利語 ponente (“西方”)，最终源自拉丁語 ponent-、ponens，ponere (“放，置”) 的現在分詞。

Forth rush the Levant and the Ponent winds, Eurus and Zephyr

1667，John Milton，“Book 10”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

There was an ambiguity surpassing conjecture in her eyes, and the wind rose up around us in that half barbaric Russian garden with its alien Diana blackened by snows and fierce ponent winds


kick in

kicks in (third-person singular present)
kicking in (present participle)
kicked in (past participle)

People expect women [when they give birth] to have this instinct that kicks in.

2013，Richard Linklater, Julie Delpy and Ethan Hawke，Before Midnight (motion picture), Julie Delpy (actor):

Once the wet kicks in up north, you can be stranded for months waiting for swollen rivers to subside to a crossable depth.]

2005，Sean Dooley，The Big Twitch，Sydney: Allen and Unwin，頁 289:

You have to push the switch hard to get the heater to kick in.

你要用力推开关，才能把暖气打开。

I took my medication an hour ago, and it hasn't kicked in yet.

我一小时前服的药，现在还没见效。


old hat

不详。《牛津英语词典》认为与德語 alter Hut (名词，字面意思是“旧帽子”)有关。

more old hat (comparative)
most old hat (superlative)

banal

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

commonplace

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

cliché

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

démodé

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

passé

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

unchic

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

司空见惯的，老生常谈的；陈腐的，老一套的 （自20世纪）

Coward is such an old hand at this kind of thing that he makes it seem old hat.

1946年November11日，“New Plays in Manhattan”, in Time:

In fact, monorails are rather old hat.

1964 July，“The mythology of monorails”, in Modern Railways，頁 1:

It is old hat for a sex scandal to bring down a politician.

1987年May8日，Elaine Sciolino，“Washington Talk: The Hart Story Grips the Capital”, in New York Times:

Based on the size of the crowd, perhaps the queen is old hat.

2007年May4日，Fredrick Kunkle, Paul Duggan，“Straining for a Glimpse of Royalty”, in Washington Post:

The only real knock against “Mortshall” is that “Rick and Morty get sick of each other and split up for a while” feels kind of old hat at this point—the comic premise of the show requires their relationship to be toxic (because a lot of the humor comes from seeing Rick be a shit and seeing Morty try haplessly to deal with Rick being a shit), and they can only try and sell the illusion that anything is going to change so many times before it starts to get stale.

2021年September6日，Zack Handlen，“Rick And Morty ends its fifth season looking for an escape hatch”, in AV Club:


old hat

Upon which she very pertly reply'd, She had done that not with a Design to affront but to convince me of the Value she had for my Present; for that if the Pedantick Blockhead should come, he should only have a little bit of Old-Hat to stay his Stomach, till he got to some Harlot of his own Puritanical Flock […]

1723，Charles Walker，Memoirs of Sally Salisbury, letter XI:

'Tis a Nest, a Niche, an Old Hat, an Omnibus, an Oyster, a Palace o' Pleasure.


goss

gossip 的截斷形式。

The hottest goss in celeb-land today is that Angelina Jolie is jealous of her fella's relationship with his ex-wife.

To give myself a break from the energy sapping, demoralising patrolling of this uninviting habitat, and to get away from any more creepy visions, I decided to drive into Mount Isa, ostensibly to be within phone range so I could contact Bob Forsyth and find out any local goss from him.

2005，Sean Dooley，The Big Twitch，Sydney: Allen and Unwin，頁 285:


futter

由理查德·弗朗西斯·伯顿根據法語 foutre所造，源自拉丁語 futuo, futuere。

futters (third-person singular present)
futtering (present participle)
futtered (past participle)

Sir John Fastolf called out cheerfully over Miranda’s shoulder to his departing guests, remarking on the sweetness of the night air now that the storm of yesterday night had cleared it, and the day’s rain momentarily had ceased. And all the while he futtered Miranda’s anal canal from behind, and frigged her clitoris.

When Doge is not feeding or futtering, depend on it, he is hunting.

1969，Avram Davidson，The Phoenix and the Mirror:


soupçon

Add a soupçon of red pepper.

coffee with a soupçon of cognac

No one is so depraved that a soupçon of goodness cannot be found in them.

世上可没有恶到身上连一点点善都不存有的人。

Henrietta, her niece, looked much prettier than she really was; she had good dark eyes, to which a soupçon of rouge, put on with such skill that few suspected it, gave all possible brightness.

1842，Letitia Elizabeth Landon，Lady Anne Granard，卷 1，頁 21:


the fuck

可能是仿the hell，其为in the hell的缩短形式，用于如“What in the hell, ...”等词中。

他妈的 （用于疑问代词后表示愤怒、沮丧、怀疑等强烈的情感。）

"Look at this!" she says, mock-appalled at the scene. "Seriously, what the fuck is this about?"
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

Poland is depressing and there's vampires in Romania. Spain is far too hot and where the fuck is Lithuania?

2016年June19日，“Brexit” (片头起00:14:33), in Last Week Tonight with John Oliver，HBO, 經由 HBO:

他妈的 （用于构成动词短语的动词后，表达激进的强调情绪。）

Shut the fuck up.

“Get the fuck out of my house!” Sinclair bellowed, his face red, eyes bulging.

2004，Pun Plamondon，Lost from the Ottawa，頁 84:

Ponytail tells fat boy, Drive the fuck off, get us out of here. He keeps the window down, still death-staring, You mine, motherfucker, wait and see, at Mickie.

2007，Ron Liebman，Death by Rodrigo，New York: Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，頁 134:

（用于强调表达某事不是事实。）

‘You're not a self-respecting person.’


tenter

經由古法語，可能源自拉丁語 tentorium。

tenters (third-person singular present)
tentering (present participle)
tentered (past participle)

Woollen cloth will tenter, linen scarcely.

1631，Francis [Bacon]，“(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […]，第3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:


to hell with

（表示对某人或物的强烈不满）

To hell with you!

"I don't want an elephant's soul, or any soul at all!" he said. For a few moments he sat despondently. Suddenly he jumped to his feet, with his eyes blazing and all the signs of intense cerebral excitement. "To hell with you and your souls!" he shouted. "Why do you plague me about souls? Haven't I got enough to worry, and pain, to distract me already, without thinking of souls?"

1897，Bram Stoker，Dracula，New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:

Yes, it would be dangerous to get too carried away but right here, right now, to hell with anyone who insists it is time for restraint.

2018年July3日，Daniel Taylor，“England knock Colombia out of World Cup in last-16 penalty shootout”, in The Guardian:


ollie

源自“Ollie”，佛罗里达滑板手Alan Gelfand的诨名。

ollies (third-person singular present)
ollying (present participle)
ollieing (present participle)
ollied (past participle)

He used the tilted side as a ramp, grabbed some air, fakied down, and ollied back onto level ground.

1992，Troy Bannon，Mean Street, →ISBN，頁 41:


fess up

fesses up (third-person singular present)
fessing up (present participle)
fessed up (past participle)

"‛Fess up," she persisted. "Have you boys been quarreling again?"

1918，Rex Ellingwood Beach，章號 26, in The Winds of Chance:

And you know, one of the things that I hope is that the American people will find when we make a mistake, we're willing to 'fess up to it and change.

2008年December18日，Barack Obama，President-elect press conference:

“I spent a lot of time trying to figure out what was happening in the financial industry, and I came to the conclusion that people weren’t fessing up,” he said.

2009年February26日，Roy Furchgott，“You’ve Sold Your Stocks. Now What?”, in New York Times:


badunkadunk

Within this conception of love, Socrates still finds a place for sex without making the badunkadunk the central focus.

2005，Tommie Shelby，“Ain't (Just) 'bout da Booty”, in Hip-Hop and Philosophy: Rhyme 2 Reason, →ISBN，頁 21:

This all being said, big is beautiful — I recognize that every time I pass a mirror and rejoice at the sight of my own plentiful badunkadunk.

2006年April26日，Amelia Robinson，“A plan to make civility worth the weight”, in Dayton Daily News，頁 D7:

From a small and tight butt to a badunkadunk, just about every type of booty will attract guys.

2006年October13日，“Guy test-drive: one man mouths off about the August issue.”, in Cosmopolitan:


foot-and-mouth disease

So Joe starts telling the citizen about the foot and mouth disease and the cattle traders and taking action in the matter and the citizen sending them all to the rightabout and Bloom coming out with his sheepdip for the scab and a hoose drench for coughing calves and the guaranteed remedy for timber tongue.

1922 February，James Joyce，“[Episode 12: The Cyclops]”, in Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey]，頁s 301–302:


obstruent

Lehmann (1998:77) and Steever (1998: 14, 16) considered āytam an allophone of Tamil /y/ before obstruents, but there is no real evidence for this assumption.

2003，Bhadiraju Krishnamurti，The Dravidian Languages，Cambridge University Press, →ISBN:

同類詞：continuant


archon

源自古希臘語 ἄρχων (árkhōn)，ἄρχω (árkhō，“统治”)的现在分词的名词用法。

Hated by the archons of Athens for his fearless condemnation of municipal graft, he was hypocritically arraigned on a charge of corrupting Athenian youth.

But neither the midwife’s lore nor the caudlectures saved him from the archons of Sinn Fein and their noggin of hemlock.

Their claim to totality is like the cry of the archon Ialdabaoth that he was the Lord of the Universe and that there was nothing beyond him.

1981，William Irwin Thompson，The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture，London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co.，頁 83:


body count

In addition to racking up what looks like a substantial offscreen body count, the movie at one point offers an eight-second introduction for a sleazy used-car salesman character for the sole purpose of justifying Tripp and Creech laying waste to his inventory.

2017年January12日，Jesse Hassenger，“A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:


biomedical

The research problem was biomedical in nature but the research approach adopted was multidisciplinary, with biomedical, psychological and anthropological aspects. Despite joint efforts, our biomedical colleagues felt that [...]

2006，Mwenda Ntarangwi, David Mills, Mustafa H. M. Babiker (editors)，African anthropologies: history, critique, and practice，頁 253:

Alzheimer's disease and related dementias have come to be defined as biomedical in nature.

2007，Athena McLean，The person in dementia: a study in nursing home care in the US，頁 28:

Clearly, some research undertaken by children's nurses is biomedical in nature although a significant amount of contemporary research is qualitative focusing on children's experiences and evaluating services.

2011，Gosia M. Brykczyńska, Joan Simons，Ethical and Philosophical Aspects of Nursing Children and Young People，頁 208:


catch up

catches up (third-person singular present)
catching up (present participle)
caught up (past participle)

Rose was three seconds behind, but managed to catch up with the race leader and eventually won.

Rose本来落后3秒钟，但之后成功赶上了领跑人，最后夺冠。

I'll go ahead and you can catch me up later.

我先走了，你之后再赶上我吧。

But you run / And you run to catch up with the sun / But it's sinking

1973年March1日，Roger Waters （作曲作詞）, “Time”, in The Dark Side of the Moon，演出者 Pink Floyd:

最终达到，最终遇到 （不可避免的事情）

The episode begins with a lifetime of junk food, beer and no exercise catching up with Homer in the form of painful heart contractions.

2012年June17日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Homer’s Triple Bypass” (season 4, episode 11; originally aired 12/17/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club:


dance floor

I bet that you look good on the dancefloor / I don't know if you're looking for romance or / I don't know what you're looking for

2005，“I Bet You Look Good on the Dancefloor”, in Whatever People Say I Am, That's What I'm Not，演出者 Arctic Monkeys:


tamer

Only Enid could dare him at such a time, and even she felt occasionally that sinking of the heart which the bravest of tamers may experience as he unbars the gate of the cage.

1926，Sir Arthur Conan Doyle，The Land of Mist:


smitten

源自中古英語 smiten，源自古英語 smiten、ġesmiten，源自原始日耳曼語 *smitanaz，原始日耳曼語 *smītaną (“投掷”)的过去分词，等价于smite + -en (過去分詞後綴)。

more smitten (comparative)
most smitten (superlative)

被打的；被杀害的等，参见 smite
狂热的

[A] smited man is a man struck; a smitten man is a man affected by the act of smiting: […]

1850，Matthew Stewart，Remarks on the Subject of Language, with Some Observations in the Form of Notes, Illustrative of the Information which Language may Afford of the History and Opinions of Mankind，London: Printed by Richard and John Edward-Taylor, Red Lion Court, Fleet Street, for, and at the expense of the author, →OCLC，頁 30:

There was a tense silence over the throng as the old man stood and looked at the figure at his feet. There were shadows on the earl's face, and his hands shook, for the smitten man was his son.

1903，Warwick Deeping，“Book I. The Way to Winchester”, in Uther and Igraine，New York, N.Y.: The Outlook Company, 出版於 1904, →OCLC，頁 22:

The Bible shows the way of God with man and the way of man with God. It contains both the complaint of God against the wicked and the shriek of the smitten man, demanding justice of God.

1997，Abraham Joshua Herschel，Between God and Man: An Interpretation of Judaism: 源自the Writings of Abraham Joshua Herschel，New York, N.Y.: Free Press Paperbacks, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，頁 250:

[W]hen the alternate designation is introduced, turning the character from “man” or “brother” to “his smiter,” this balance is disturbed, and suddenly we have a smiter and a smitten person, not two people in a fight with each other.

2010，Assnat Bartor，“Point of View”, in Reading Law as Narrative: A Study in the Casuistic Laws of the Pentateuch (Ancient Israel and its Literature; 5)，Atlanta, Ga.: Society of Biblical Literature, →ISBN，頁 175:

In the argument, which followed between Job and his comforters, the poor, smitten man regained some of his faith and uttered many noble words concerning the wisdom of God. Finally, God revealed to Job the whole truth of the matter.

2010，Constance B. Nealey，The Teaching/Learning Process: Undergirded by Biblical Teachings: Teaching the Bible Way，[Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN，頁 50:

There is not, I am persuaded, an individual of the many Nature-smitten enthusiasts who yearly visit the wild glens of Kincardineshire, that would not walk barefoot a hundred miles to kneel at the tomb of him who founded the beautifully-situated village of Balrangle.

1869，Joseph Grant，“The Grocer's Daughter”, in Tales of the Glens with Ballads and Songs，第new版, Stonehaven, Aberdeenshire: Published by John Taylor, →OCLC，頁 9:

One of the side benefits of such has been making the acquaintances of similarly smitten enthusiasts, and inevitably they are keen to share both plants and experiences.

1980，Arboretum Bulletin，Seattle, Wash.: [University of Washington], →OCLC，頁 26:

Welcome to the world of the Hobie Cat addict, that 100,000-strong armada of hopelessly smitten enthusiasts who insist that nothing in life quite measures up to the unrestrained joy of breezing along on a twin-hulled Hobie.

1981，Time，卷 118, New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN，頁 147:

被打的；被杀害的等，参见 smite
坠入爱河的

At the end of the long procession came a smitten woman. […] I think of the women who have fastened the tendrils of their heart's affection round unworthy men, and have married them, hoping, trusting and believing that their love and influence would be powerful enough to win the men to sobriety and virtue. Alas! how mistaken they have been!

1912, Thomas Holmes, “Marriage in the Underworld”, in London's Underworld (The Making of the Modern Law), London: J. M. Dent & Sons; New York, N.Y.: E. P. Dutton, OCLC 60735063; republished as London; New York, N.Y.: Anthem Press, 2006, ISBN 978-1-84331-219-2, page 118:

In “The Soldier Maid,” a woman falls in love with the cross-dressed woman, thinking she is a man. The smitten woman, then, perceives herself in heterosexual mode – though the person to whom she is attracted is actually female.

1997，Pauline Greenhill，“‘The Handsome Cabin Boy’: Cross-Dressing Ballads, Sexualities, and Gendered Meanings”, in Undisciplined Women: Tradition and Culture in Canada，Montreal, Que., Kingston, Ont.: McGill-Queen's University Press, →ISBN，頁 119:

“I’m a man, Violet,” he reminded her as they walked out to his car after making their goodbyes to their host. “I know a smitten man when I see one. Kemp’s got it bad.”

2005，Diana Palmer，Boss Man，New York, N.Y.: Harlequin, →ISBN:

Isabella had complained to her father on several occasions over his actions. Father had responded by stating that it was natural for a healthy man to pay attention to a beautiful woman. The curt thank you and show of disinterest was no distraction to the smitten man.

2012，Joseph Hale，Memoirs of the Browning Man，Houston, Tex.: Strategic Book Publishing and Rights Co., →ISBN，頁 49:


chip away

chips away (third-person singular present)
chipping away (present participle)
chipped away (past participle)

一点点地削减，一点点地削弱 （常带at）

Iraneus contrasts the unity and integrity of these writings with the distorted, contextless citations of the Gnostics. He describes the code of textual harassment that allows these heretics to chip away at the Scriptures, […]

1991，Jan Gorak，The Making of the Modern Canon: Genesis and Crisis of a Literary Idea，頁 24:

Matthew Towers, senior industry analyst at Frost & Sullivan, thinks the PowerPC will gradually build market share over the next several years. “They'll ‘chip’ away at Intel, but slowly,” he says.

1995年June15日，John Edwards，引 Matthew Towers, “How the Chips Fall”, in CIO，卷 8, 號 17, CXO Media, Inc., →ISSN，頁 76:

Antismoking groups continue their efforts to chip away at the public support for smoking as well as at the favorable treatment of tobacco products.

1997，Robert L. Heath，Strategic Issues Management: Organizations and Public Policy Challenges，SAGE Publications, →ISBN，頁 77:


alight

源自中古英語 alighten (“（从某处）下来；下（车，马）；到达，停在；着陆；掉落；攻击；（雷，闪电）打，击；跳上（马背等）；（段位，官阶）下降；使...（的段位，官阶）下降；出现，涌现；减轻；（基督教，指基督，天使，圣灵，奇迹等）下凡，降临；下（地狱）；（某事）降临到，发生到”) [以及其他形式]，融合自：
* 古英語 ālīhtan (“下（车马）”)，源自ā- (“离，出，走”，前缀) + līhtan、līehtan (“降临；使...变轻，减轻”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *h₁lengʷʰ- (“轻”)；和
* 古英語 ġelīhtan (“下（车马）；使...变轻，使...变简单；减轻”)，源自ġe- (程度增强前缀，接于动词表示完成，完满) + līhtan、līehtan（见上）。
英语中，作a- (表示“离，出，走”的前缀) + light (“使...简单，使...变轻；拿走；从...卸货；（古旧）降落，着陆；下（车马）”)分析。
同源词
* 中古低地德語 erlichten (“使...变轻”)
* 古高地德語 gilīhten (“使...变轻”)（中古高地德語 gelīhten）、古高地德語 irlīhten (“减轻”)（中古高地德語 erlīhten，现代德語 erleichten）

alights (third-person singular present)
alighting (present participle)
alighted (past participle)
alit (past participle)

alighten

使...变轻 （质量，程度等）；减轻，缓解

alighten

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

light

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

disembark

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

debark

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

get off

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

get out

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

unlight

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

（常与from或off连用）下 （车，马等）； 完成旅途，停下

He alighted from his horse.

Passengers are alighting from the carriage.

Dashing back to my compartment, I grabbed my impedimenta—what my companion thought of the maniac who alighted at a station only half-way to the first booked stop I don't know!—got out, hurried under the subway, and was into my 10.45 comfortably before its departure.

1939 June，“Pertinent Paragraphs: A Surprise at Didcot”, in The Railway Magazine，Westminster, London: IPC Transport Press, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 452:

That, combined with the fact that I alight with only four or five other passengers, is a sad reminder of how most people continue to choose to travel to this far-flung corner of the UK.

2021年November3日，Paul Stephen，“As Far North as You Can Go … to Thurso”, in Rail，期 943, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 49:

A flying bird alights upon a tree.

Snow alights on a roof.

His fearefull freends vveare out the vvofull night, / Ne dare to vveepe, nor ſeeme to vnderſtand / The heauie hap, vvhich on them is alight, / Affraid, leaſt to themſelues the like miſhappen might.

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto III”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 20，頁 38:

Then from his loftie ſtand on that high Tree / Down he alights among the ſportful Herd / Of thoſe fourfooted kindes, himſelf now one, […]

1667，John Milton，“Book IV”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，行s 395–397:

In 1851 the Great Northern Railway had reached London and began operating into a terminus at Maiden Lane, just north of the New Road [later renamed Euston Road]. In 1854 they moved up to the New Road itself, with the opening of King's Cross station, east of Euston. The railways were alighting on the New Road like birds perching on a branch (the Midland Railway would open St Pancras, between Euston and King's Cross in 1868), and [Charles] Pearson took note.

2012，Andrew Martin，“The World of Charles Pearson”, in Underground Overground: A Passenger’s History of the Tube，第paperback版, London: Profile Books, 出版於 2013, →ISBN，頁 25:


alight

动词可能另派生自其他词：
* 源自中古英語 alighten (“点燃；开始燃烧；变明亮；激起，唤起；（比喻义）启迪，启发”) [以及其他形式]，源自古英語 ālīhtan、ālȳhtan (“点亮”)（可能仿拉丁語 illūmināre，illūminō (“照亮”)的现在主动不定式），源自ā- (表示“离，出，走”的前缀) + līhtan、līehtan (“闪亮，照耀；照亮”)（最终源自原始印歐語 *lewk- (“看；闪；亮”)）；和
* 源自中古英語 onlighten (“使...发光；（比喻义）启迪，启发”) [以及其他形式]，源自古英語 onlīhtan，inlīhtan (“照亮；使...发光；发光；（比喻义）使...醍醐灌顶，启发”)的一个变体，源自原始日耳曼語 *inliuhtijaną (“照亮”)，源自*in (“进”) + *liuhtijaną (“照亮”)（最终源自原始印歐語 *lewk-，见上）；和
* alight (形容词)的晚期用法。
英语中，作a- (表示“离，出，走”的前缀) + light (“点（火）；点燃；燃起来；照亮；照路”)分析。
形容词和副词派生自晚期中古英語 alight (形容词) [以及其他形式]，源自古英語 ālīht、ālȳht，古英語 ālīhtan、ālȳhtan (动词，见上)的过去分词形式；但随后亦被解读为a- (表示“到，上，于”的前缀，用来表示条件、状态或方式) + light (“明亮的，清晰的”)。
同源词
* 德語 erleuchten (“照亮”)

The burning embers and the dry wind quickly set the whole neighbourhood alight.

燃着的灰烬和干燥的风很快将附近的所有房子点燃了。

The sticks were damp and wouldn’t catch alight.

With a heavy load of 650 tons for Arras and Lille we started very quietly, with about a third of a glass of water, and the fire barely alight. This frightened me, but I had reckoned without the 4-6-4's American mechanical stoker.

1961 February，Balmore [pseudonym]，“Driving and Firing Modern French Steam Locomotives – Part One”, in Trains Illustrated，London: Ian Allan Publishing, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 110:


dead of night

常作“in the dead of night”，但有时亦作“at dead of night”（类似“at midnight”）。

I was feeling just as I had felt in the old Malvern House epoch when I used to sneak down to [the schoolmaster]'s study at dead of night in quest of the biscuits he kept there in a tin on his desk, and there came back to me the memory of the occasion when, not letting a twig snap beneath my feet, I had entered his sanctum in pyjamas and a dressing-gown, to find him seated in his chair, tucking into the biscuits himself.

1960，P. G. Wodehouse，Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VII:

Blackbird singing in the dead of night / Take these broken wings and learn to fly

1968，“Blackbird”, in Paul McCartney 作詞, The Beatles，演出者 The Beatles:


move on

moves on (third-person singular present)
moving on (present participle)
moved on (past participle)

After spending the night resting in an abandoned church, the group decided to move on in their quest.

在废弃教堂休息了一晚上后，这队人决定继续远征。

Moving on again, I catch another GWR Class 802 bound for Oxford via the Cotswold Line.

2020年December2日，Paul Bigland，“My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail，頁 67:


unbeknownst

He went home early, unbeknownst to his mother.

他在不让母亲知道的情况下提早回了家。

Theon’s redemption scene convincingly threatens to kill him right there on the beaches of Dragonstone, dying for a good cause unbeknownst to anyone but the rapscallions who watched him die, but at last it swerves into something genuinely heroic.

2017年August27日，Brandon Nowalk，“Game Of Thrones slows down for the longest, and best, episode of the season (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:


quid pro quo

借自拉丁語 quid prō quō (字面意思是“[将]某物[当成]某物”)。

quae pro quibus (plural)
quid pro quibus (plural)
quid pro quos (plural)

The misunderstanding of the word or the quid pro quo is the unintentional pun, and is related to it exactly as folly is to wit.

1844，Arthur Schopenhauer，譯者 Richard Burdon Haldane, The World as Will and Representation, 2nd edition, first book，翻譯作品 原題 語言：德語, section 13:

“Is it simply a wild fantasy, or a mistake on the part of the old man — some impossible quid pro quo?”

1912，Fyodor Dostoevsky，譯者 Constance Garnett, The Brothers Karamazov，翻譯作品 原題 語言：俄語, part II, book V, chapter 5:

His argument was formulated, not without reason, as a paradox, a quid pro quo of opposing concepts: form is declared to be content, thus its own opposite.

1982，Carl Dahlhaus，Esthetics of Music，頁 52:

a knave Apothecary that administers the Physick, and makes the medicine, may doe infinite harme, by his old obsolete doses, adulterine druggs, bad mixtures, quid pro quo, etc.

1621-51，Robert Burton，Anatomy of Melancholy:

Nicholas [Praepositus] was also the author of a "Quid pro Quo", that is an alphabetically arranged catalogue of equivalent drugs, capable of replacing each other, when for any reason one or the other drug was wanting

1889，Johann Hermann Baas, Henry Ebenezer Handerson，Outlines of the History of Medicine and the Medical Profession，頁 263:

Was it not Claudius Galenus (130-200 A. D.), the great Roman physician-pharmacist, who was about the very first to prepare a lengthy list of drugs, quid pro quo, a list which remained in use until about the sixteenth century?

1917，Otto Raubenheimer，“History of Substitutes and Substitution”, in Druggists Circular，卷 61，頁 188:

To him I offered a quid pro quo; and meant to give nothing without getting a full equivalent.

1819，The Parliamentary History of England from the Earliest Period to the Year 1803，卷 35，頁 1129:

Whie Demanding Great sacrifices from the workforce, Germany's rulers had proved unable by autumn 1916 to offer a quid pro quo in the form of a military victory, more democracy, or even a modest redistribution of income.

2001，Authority and Upheaval in Leipzig, 1910-1920，頁 148:

Britain, which said its crew was in Iraqi waters when seized, insists it never offered a quid pro quo, either, instead relying on quiet diplomacy.

2007，Associated Press，“Iran to release 15 British sailors”, in China Daily:

the US recently supported the European candidate for the IMF and may receive a quid pro quo

2012年March24日，Steve Denning，“The World Bank Is Broken: Can The New President Fix It?”, in Forbes:

McLaren did not want Mercedes to buy Brawn so when the German company insisted, they demanded a quid pro quo that, as far as McLaren are concerned, contains all the positives of a Mercedes involvement but none of the negatives.

2009年November16日，Andrew Benson，“What Mercedes buy-out of Brawn could mean”, in BBC Sport:

People don't like to talk about it, but inherent to every relationship there's a quid pro quo— something that's exchanged in return for something else. The quid pro quo can be obvious, such as I give you a salary and in return I expect you to do a good job, or more subtly, I give you a recommendation and in turn expect you'll help me get my expense check processed faster. It's an unspoken system of bartering that goes on in relationships. Women aren't very good at capitalizing on the quid pro quo. Instead, they give away favors and expect little or nothing in return.

2014，Lois P. Frankel，Nice Girls Don't Get the Corner Office:

交换，交易 （通常不指金钱交易）
等价交换，合理公平的交易

More importantly, the Chrysler bailout produced a quid pro quo wherein Congress agreed to pass bank deregulation legislation if banks agreed to convert substantial amounts of Chrysler's debt to equity.

1997，Davita Silfen Glasberg, Daniel L. Skidmore，Corporate Welfare Policy and the Welfare State，頁 138:

The apparent exception at the Temple of Neith at Sais is likely due to an agreement, a quid pro quo, made with Udjahorresnet, not to a failure to enact the command immediately.

2004，Lisbeth S. Fried，The Priest and the Great King: Temple-palace Relations in the Persian Empire，頁 74:

The requisite intent is proved by showing a quid pro quo—an expectation of a favorable official act in return for the bribe.

2006，John Cibinic, Jr., Ralph C. Nash, James F. Nagle，Administration of Government Contracts，頁 84:

I call it quid pro quo while other authors have described it as “the art of reciprocity.”

2011年December14日，Susan T. Spencer，“Business Networking That Works ... It's Called Quid Pro Quo”, in Forbes:

Neither the envelope nor the entry form indicated whether a donation was enclosed. Because there was no obligation to pay to enter the sweepstakes, payments voluntarily sent were fully deductible. No quid pro quo occurred.

2012，Jody Blazek，Tax Planning and Compliance for Tax-Exempt Organizations:

All are based on the concept of quid pro quo, or “this for that” – the exchange of one thing for another. […] In McDonnell, the government alleged a quid pro quo sale of “official action” – payments (the quid) made to McDonnell, the former governor of Virginia, in return for a promise or undertaking by McDonnell to perform an official action (the quo). The Court’s decision focused on the quo side of the equation – a side that does not often receive much scrutiny – analyzing the contours of whether the actions taken by McDonnell constituted illegal “official actions.”

2016年July13日，Robert Anello，“SCOTUS Quid Pro Quo Analysis in McDonnell May Broadly Affect Bribery & Insider Trading Prosecutions”, in Forbes:

Council says the mayor and a former councilman may have engaged in a "quid pro quo." / […] / Council says, according to a handwritten note, Fey offered to support a pay raise for Mayor Ellis if Ellis would support a raise or a job appointment for Fey's wife, Gina.

2019年March4日，“Phillipsburg council calls for new investigation of alleged quid pro quo”, in 69 News:

All I'm asking for is a little quid pro quo. You know—you scratch my back, I'll scratch yours.

Mr. P. did not consider that branch, strictly and technically speaking, public revenue; at least it did not arise from taxation, because those persons who had paid this money had received a full equivalent for the same; there was a quid pro quo on both sides; and this was not taxation, it was a sale; the parties therefore from whom this money was derived had not been taxed.

1837，United States. Congress，The Congressional Globe，頁 1977:

What we should do, however, is insist that there be a quid pro quo — an equal exchange.

1988，Industrial R&D and U.S. Technological Leadership:

Most of those cases were about witness immunity deals (was there a quid pro quo?) or the meaning of quid pro quo in the classic “equality of exchange” sense.

2014，Zephyr Teachout，Corruption in America，頁 239:

US-Myanmar relations in the past few years have been largely based on a quid pro quo or tit for tat strategy. Some analysts also call it action for action or give and take strategy.

2013年May21日，Nehginpao Kipgen，“Quid Pro Quo Diplomacy in US-Myanmar Relations”, in Foreign Policy Journal:

职场性骚扰 （指职场中，某人要求另一人让其性骚扰为条件来换取其他东西）

A quid pro quo complaint typically is lodged by an employee who has been denied opportunities because he or she refused a perpetrator's sexual advances or by an employee who has been denied opportunities because another employee obtained those opportunities by submitting to a perpetrator's sexual advances.

2008，Ronald W. Scott，Promoting Legal and Ethical Awareness，頁 140:

As for a legal remedy to the problem of harassment, the Court found that a proper, well-advertised grievance procedure could be used in a defense where sexual comments and horseplay created a “hostile environment,” but not in the quid pro quo cases that feminist Catharine MacKinnon had dubbed "put out or get out."

2009，Frank Dobbin，Inventing Equal Opportunity:

American courts have recognized two forms of sexual harassment. In the first, quid pro quo cases, the violation occurs when an employer or supervisor conditions an employment benefit on the employee's providing sexual favors.

2018，Walter B. Connolly, Jr., Michael J. Connolly, Joshua Feinstein，A Practical Guide to Equal Employment Opportunity，頁 161:


girolle

The dominance of the squeaky-clean white button has given way to a far wider range: brown chestnuts and flat-capped portobellos, and pearly-white oysters, which really do look a bit like the oyster shells they’re named after, carotene-orange girolles, flavour-bomb dried shiitake and porcini, or delicate enoki, with their long, skinny legs and tiny caps, which are often sold in packages with buna and shiro shimejis and labelled “exotic”.

2015年November14日，Yotam Ottolenghi，“Shroom for manoeuvre: Yotam Ottolenghi’s mushroom recipes”, in The Guardian:


slather

未知，自19世纪起可考，意为“滑动”。

Then there came a reg'lar terror of a sou'wester same as you don't get one summer in a thousand, and blowed the shanty flat and ripped about half of the weir poles out of the sand. We spent consider'ble money getting 'em reset, and then a swordfish got into the pound and tore the nets all to slathers, right in the middle of the squiteague season.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 1, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

In her eyes the manse people were quite fabulously rich, and no doubt those girls had slathers of shoes and stockings.

1919, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Rainbow Valley, ch. 24,


teef

teefs (third-person singular present)
teefing (present participle)
teefed (past participle)

You s'posed to be my homie an' you teefed my story


wussy

wussier (comparative)
wussiest (superlative)

There was enough food for a soccer team and we were going to grill it. Our meatfest included no girly utensils, no wussy plates. Just our hands, mouths, and incisors.

2013，L. A. Campbell，Cartboy and the Time Capsule，頁 112:


convenience store

Ah, that's nice. They have many convenience stores there for you to stand in front of.

1996，Eric Bogosian，SubUrbia (motion picture), spoken by Nazeer Choudhury (Ajay Naidu):


what the actual fuck

这他妈的什么啊 （表达惊讶、震惊、不相信的情感）

'What the... fuck?' Aaron's shoulders drop, he shakes his head. 'What the actual fuck? You couldn't make it up!'

2017，Cara Delevingne，Mirror, Mirror: A Twisty Coming-of-Age Novel about Friendship and Betrayal from Cara Delevingne，Hachette UK, →ISBN，頁 273:

What the actual fuck, Erin? What the actual, stupid, fuck are you doing? Lying low is not a thing.

2018，Catherine Steadman，Something in the Water: The Gripping Reese Witherspoon Book Club Pick!，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 150:

What the fuck? What the actual fuck, man.

2020，Clint Dyer，Death of England: Delroy，Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN，頁 15:


on the money

exactly

位置准确地，不偏不倚地，正中地，准确地，正确地

on the dot

位置准确地，不偏不倚地，正中地，准确地，正确地

on the mark

位置准确地，不偏不倚地，正中地，准确地，正确地

位置准确地，不偏不倚地，正中地，准确地，正确地

Did you have the wrong kind? I've never had the wrong kind. Ever. My worst one was right on the money.

1979，Woody Allen，Manhattan，spoken by Isaac Davis (Woody Allen):

Two of the A-4s landed on the money. The third was not so lucky.

1987年July13日，Maj. Michael B. Perini，“In Good Hands with Gold 11”, in Air Force Magazine，卷 70, 號 7, retrieved 2014-05-10:

For years, Gore had been dismissed, even ridiculed, for his traveling Power Point extravaganza warning about climate change. […] Today, few would disagree that Al was pretty much on the money.

2008年October10日，Richard Friebe，“How Nobel Winners Spend Their Prize Money: Al Gore”, in Time，存檔自the original on 2014-03-06:

I always felt that Bob Dylan was on the money when he sang: "When you got nothing, you got nothing to lose."

2011年August19日，The Secret Footballer，“For new boys there's nothing like the big time”, in The Guardian (UK), retrieved retrieved 10 May 2014:

Its mileage claims were right on the money: I averaged a little over 33 m.p.g. over a weekend of combined city-highway driving in the 2012 SL.

2013年February1日，Robert Peele，“The Mouse That Roars”, in New York Times, retrieved 2014-05-10:


purportedly

In addition, none of the purportedly more common terms of these pairs appear to be especially frequent in modern Indian English.

2014，James Lambert，“Diachronic stability in Indian English lexis”, in World Englishes，頁 120:


uchronia

源自法語 uchronie，仿utopia，由古希臘語 οὐ (ou，“不”) + χρόνος (khrónos，“时间”) + -ia构成。

架空历史 （指文学作品等）

Mercier's resort to uchronia, on the other hand, initiates a new paradigm for utopian literature not only by setting action in a specific future chronologically connected to our past and present but even more crucially by characterizing that future as one belonging to progress and thus linked causally if not immediately to the reader's time.

1987，Paul K. Alkon，Origins of Futuristic Fiction，頁 127:

For Portelli, uchronia comprises 'that amazing scene in which the author imagines what would have happened if a certain historical event had not taken place'.

2007，Andy Wood，The 1549 Rebellions and the Making of Early Modern England，頁 211:

This uchronia actually exerted some influence in its time, converting many readers to socialism because they wanted to live in the world of Bellamy's vision.

2011，Lealand B Yeager，Is the Market a Test of Truth and Beauty?，頁 389:


uchronic

more uchronic (comparative)
most uchronic (superlative)

架空历史的 （文学作品等）

Uchronic visions were part of Icelandic collective representations of the world, and as such they deeply influenced the response of the society to its own history.

1992，Kirsten Hastrup，Other Histories，頁 113:

Then there was the context: the British countryside may have largely been reduced to a monocultural desert of agribusiness, but our uchronic vision of it persists: we expect to find Rosie with some sharp cider under the haystack, not a roseate energy drink.

2014, Will Self, The Guardian, 15 Jun 2014:


trecento

十四世紀（1300s）；尤指該時期的意大利藝術風格

This seems simplistic, as […] his oeuvre is as obsessed with death as a museum full of trecento paintings.

2007年February6日，Martha Schwendener，“Believers and Doubters, Inspired by the Word”, in New York Times:


dod

源自中古英語 dodden。

dods (third-person singular present)
dodding (present participle)
dodded (past participle)

切斷，剪斷（如從綿羊尾巴剪去羊毛，或割斷牛的角）

Angus-shire dodded cattle

1845，The New Statistical Account of Scotland: Perth:

Messrs. Toogood and Son’s Bronze Championship Medal for best dodded sheep of any pure breed.

1906，The Flock Book of Wensleydale Blue-faced Sheep，頁 57:


sext

sex + text 組成的混成詞。動詞則是逆構自早期的 sexting，源自名詞。

sexts (third-person singular present)
sexting (present participle)
sexted (past participle)

Rebecca Loos claimed she was 'sexted' by Beckham

2007 October 19, Cameron Millar, "Text Mad Brits Top League for Saucy Messages" in the Daily Star, p. 21 (caption):

[…] trying to get into the swing of things by texting my husband (I was a little tipsy, I will admit): "How do you sext someone?" hoping to engage in the latest trend. All I got was, "What!" in reply.

2009 March 1, Wendyl Nissen, "Sexts Suk... Go 4 a Real D8" in the New Zealand Herald, p. 35:

The next day, Greg sexted me a few pictures of his package.

2010 October 16, Victoria Gehman, "Sex Suspended, Celibacy Supreme" in the Albany Student Press:

We would talk on the phone for hours and then text and sext the rest of the day.

2013, Olukemi Lawani, First Steps to Flight, p. 3:

Sexting sonnets / Under the tables


middle school

These authors argue that lists based on university-level reading material cannot be directly imported into contexts such as middle school since the lexical profiles of subjects and their vocabulary demands are different.

2018，Clarence Green，James Lambert，“Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes，卷 35, →DOI，頁 107:


secondary school

tertiary education, tertiary-level education

中學：為年齡在11-16或18歲之間學生提供教育的公立學校

One of the key roles played by the Whitby line is the transport of children from rural spots along the branch to secondary school in the coastal town.

2019 October，James Abbott，“Esk Valley revival”, in Modern Railways，頁 77:


-ass

可能是-assed的简化或变体。

加拿大、美國，俚語，粗俗

That's a big-ass wrench you've got there.

Wilson: He's right. They endorse Royce, fine, 'the hell else they gonna do? But what they say and don't say from the pulpit the Sunday before the primary we still got a dog in that fight.
Carcetti: I do this right, they respect it.
Wilson: An' if they don't, at least they get to see a beggin’-ass white man on his knees. Always a feel-good moment for the folks.

2006 Oct. 1, Dennis Lehane, "Refugees", The Wire, 00:32:06:

I recognize that the council has made a decision, but given that it's a stupid-ass decision, I've elected to ignore it.

2012，Joss Whedon，The Avengers，Marvel Studios:

You've got to work with me
Now, I don't wanna see any fake-ass workers
I need real builders

2018，“Work It”, in Working Class Woman，演出者 Marie Davidson:


raison d'être

raisons d'être (plural)
raison d'être (plural)
raison d'êtres (plural)

/ˌɹeɪzɒ̃ ˈdɛtɹə/

/ˌɹɛzɒ̃ ˈdɛtɹə/

作为外来短语，其常用斜体印刷。但是如Chicago Manual of Style和《经济学人》等风格指南认为，英语读者已经熟悉的单词短语不应该使用斜体。

Surfing became his raison d’être.

These raison d'etre and this evolution are not merely the achievement of men's conscious activity but are the unintentional results of their social activity.

1966, Maurice Godelier, Rationality and irrationality in economics, London, published by Francois Maspero, pg. 317 (quoted in Michael W. Coy, "Tugen Monopoly: Capitalism and Conflict in the Mountains of Kenya," Anthropology & Humanism Quarterly, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1988, pg. 41, Full article - .pdf):

It [Sacramento] is a town in which defense industry and its absentee owners are suddenly the most important facts; a town which has never had more people or more money, but has lost its raison d'être.

1968，Joan Didion，“Notes from a Native Daughter”, in Slouching Towards Bethlehem:

One after another, styles supplant one another. The most enduring twentieth-century school, Abstract Expressionism, held sway for at most twenty years，源自1940 to 1960, then to be followed by a wild succession- "Pop" lasting perhaps five years, "Op" managing to grip the public's attention for two or three years, then the emergence, approximately enough, of 'Kinetic Art' whose very raison d’être is transience.

1970, Alvin Toffler, Future Shock, Bantam Books, pg. 174:

National development plans and programs are in particular under harsh discussions and criticism including these raison d'etre in some countries, for these plans and programs have supported construction of rather inefficient infrastructure in less-development area.

2003, Seta Fumihiko, Kim Chang-Gi, Lai Shen-Chiang and Onishi Takashi, Abstract for "A Study on the Transition of National Development Strategies in Korea, Taiwan and Japan, Characterized by Developmentalism" (「開発主義に特徴付けられた 日本・台湾・韓国の国土開発戦略の変遷についての一考察」), full paper is pp. 52-61 of "Proceedings", International Symposium on City Planning 2003, The City Planning Institute of Japan, Sapporo, Japan, Abstract:

With hindsight knowledge, it is interesting to note that these three raison d’etre and their ramifications were situated in a broader context of contestations over the whole enterprise of knowledge production and consumption.

2007, Chambi Chachage, "Bringing African Studies Back to Africa: Beyond the ‘African-Africanist’ Divides," paper prepared for the 2nd AEGIS Conference on African Studies (ECAS) at the African Studies Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands, 11-14th July, 2007 (Abstract, Full paper - .doc):

Of course, closure of the West station took away the hotel's raison d'être. In May 2012, the local newspaper reported that this historic hotel, by then rated the town's worst (exemplified by its final review: "Please avoid at all costs"), was to be converted into 31 first-time-buyer one-bedroom flats.

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Bournemouth (circa 1880)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 60:


afoot

"The dogs were no sooner let loose, than the hare was afoot.

1886，Peter Christen Asbjørnsen，譯者 H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales，頁 77:

There's funny bussiness afoot.

In San Francisco and in New Jersey, to quote two other examples, plans are afoot to subsidise new commuter line construction or existing operations out of toll revenue from state highways or bridges.

1959 October，“Talking of Trains: Paying for the commuters”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 458:


afoot

(表语) 站着的，发生着的

Sunny moves through these final days quickly, easily, buoyed by routine even though change is afoot in all directions.

2011, Maile Chapman, Your Presence Is Requested at Suvanto: A Novel

Now there are plans afoot to introduce a couple of extra trains to the timetable in December, with the long-term goal of a doubling of the service to eight trains a day.

2019 October，James Abbott，“Esk Valley revival”, in Modern Railways，頁 76:


biggy

比较大的东西，比较占地方的东西

The wardrobe is the biggy – we'd better move that first.

衣柜比较大，我们最好先搬衣柜。

There were four sizes of marbles and we called them boulders, biggies, regulars, and teenies.

2006，Carol Benson，The Old Lonesome，頁 84:


no biggie

It's no biggie. It should only take five minutes to make a new one.

不要紧，做一个新的应该只要五分钟。

My teeth are, like, too small / But no biggie / It's so awesome

1982，Frank Zappa, Moon Zappa （作曲作詞）, “Valley Girl”, in Ship Arriving Too Late to Save a Drowning Witch:


stagnate

stagnates (third-person singular present)
stagnating (present participle)
stagnated (past participle)

停止运动，停止进步 停止发展，阻滞

Ready-witted tenderness […] never stagnates in vain lamentations while there is any room for hope.

Listening to what others say, especially to what they teach, prevents our minds stagnating, thus promoting mental growth into old age.

2003，Ernest Verity，Get Wisdom, →ISBN，頁 434:


epic fail

The second sentence is saying ‘Gina greedily anticipates even more than the monthly doubling of her bank balance’ — more than is modifying expects. Not the same meaning at all. Sorry computer, epic fail!

2013，Wendy M. Anderson，Geraldine Woods，Lesley J. Ward，English Grammar Essentials For Dummies，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 30:

“What, you thought you could flee to Canada and hide from your epic fail? […]

2014，Lauren Morrill，Being Sloane Jacobs，Delacorte Press, →ISBN，頁 95:

So yeah, epic fail on my part when I didn't recognize one of Kubrick's most iconic works, 2001: A Space Odyssey.

2014，Leah Raeder，Unteachable，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 29:

I was happy with my new, more sophisticated haircut but the rest of my efforts were pretty much epic fail.

2014，Sheila Agnew，Central Park Showdown，The O'Brien Press, →ISBN:

I'm tied to a chair. Epic fail.

2016，Kristen Reidel，“Bodies Of Water”, in 12 Monkeys，季数 2, 集数 5 (television production), spoken by Jennifer Goines (Emily Hampshire):


toodle-oo

In one of the country gardens two gaily-dressed young coster girls are sitting and chatting with the cottager and his wife. They sit among the flowers and look for all the world like young London lasses who have come to the village to astonish the country folks with their town finery. When they rise and bid the old folks good-bye, and coming through the little wicket stand for a moment at the wooden palings to say “Toodle-oo” in the cheeriest of Cockney accents, we are at first astonished. For a moment my colleague and I had imagined we were in a rural hamlet and in the heart of green England.

1904 September，George R. Sims，“Off The Track in London V.--Round Hackney Wick”, in The Strand Magazine，London: George Newnes, Ltd.，存檔自the original on 2016-08-22，頁 329:

"In that case," said Archie, relieved, "cheerio, good luck, pip-pip, toodle-oo, and good-bye-ee! I'll be shifting!"

1921，P. G. Wodehouse，Indiscretions of Archie, ch. XIII. Rallying Round Percy:


tongue-in-cheek

该短语暗指了将自己的舌头伸出搭到自己脸上的面部表情。首个书面引文见于1828年，但是已经不清楚它指的是字面意思还是现在的意思。较晚出现的Richard Barham的引文中的这个词的意思则很清楚。

more tongue-in-cheek (comparative)
most tongue-in-cheek (superlative)

不是认真的，开玩笑的，随便说说的

He gave a tongue-in-cheek explanation of why the sky was blue, offering a theory about some primordial discount on light blue paint.

他开玩笑解释为什么天空是蓝的，说什么开天辟地时天蓝色染料在打折。

It was in this era, too, that author and Scotland the Brave songwriter Cliff Hanley penned The Glasgow Underground, a tongue-in-cheek love letter to the Subway in song.

2021年December29日，Conrad Landin，“Glasgow Subway: a city institution”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 45:


hoover up

hoovers up (third-person singular present)
hoovering up (present participle)
hoovered up (past participle)

[…] a deputy governor of China’s central bank pointed out that China no longer hoovers up dollar reserves with its past abandon.

2012, The Economist, 20th Oct 2012 The rise of the yuan: Turning from green to red

Essentially, the problem dates back to pre-privatisation, cost-driven British Rail practices which featured an unholy pact between management and unions, whereby management was able to employ fewer drivers and limited pension cost liabilities, while drivers were able to hoover up lots of lucrative Sunday overtime.

2022年November16日，Nigel Harris，“Endless news... little context”, in RAIL，期 970，頁 3:


smidgen

可能基于smiddum、smeddum (“细粉末”)的变体，受到了低地蘇格蘭語 smitch (“污渍；小点，污点；一点，一丝”)的影响。另，源自*smitching，smitch的指小形式。对比诺森布里亚方言英语smiddum (“铅矿的细小颗粒”)。 低地蘇格蘭語 smitch（亦作smutch），可能派生自英语方言词smit、smite (“一点，一丝”)、古英語 smytta、smitta (“污渍、斑点、污点”)，与古英語 smītan (“涂抹，弄脏”)有关；或者可能源自*smuddian, *smyddan, *smydecian, *smydegian (“弄脏，玷污”)，可能与中古低地德語 smudde (“肮脏的”)、smudden (“弄脏，玷污”)、中古高地德語 smotzen (“肮脏”)有关。若如此，则与smudge同源。
其他词源理论认为smidgeon与蘇格蘭蓋爾語 smidin (“小音节”)有关，但考虑到这样所必需的语义变迁，可能性极低。

一些烹饪书、厨房量具生产商曾试图针对菜谱具体定义smidgen的量。此类定义一般落在一茶匙的¹⁄₂₅和¹⁄₄₈之间。可能最常用的是¹⁄₃₂。其他对微量的量词包括tad、dash、pinch和drop。一般普遍认为这类词中最大的是tad，而smidge大于drop而小于pinch。

Would you like some more cake? —I'll have a smidgen.

你还要再吃蛋糕么？——再来一点点就行。

Move it a smidgen to the right.

I could listen to forty million men like this candidate expound his views and it wouldn't alter me one smidgen in the belief that Carson Dwight has acted only as a true Christian would.

1907，Will N. Harben，章號 XXXVII, in Mam' Linda:

"You did! Aw right, you go right in and tell 'em the truth, all of it, every last smidgen."

1921，William Patterson White，章號 XVIII, in The Heart of the Range:


hit it off

hits it off (third-person singular present)
hitting it off (present participle)
hit it off (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Back ache-hit it off.wav

喜欢上 （尤指初次见面时）

I really hit it off with Jack, and hired him without needing an interview.

我很中意Jack，没有面试就直接把他录用了。

Those two are really hitting it off. I wouldn't be surprised if they started dating soon.

那两位很喜欢对方，我觉得他们要开始确立关系了。

“My profile said ‘Australian tennis player’ so I think Savannah had visions of me at Wimbledon,” he laughs. “In reality, I was paying for the opportunity to play at an academy.” Even so, they soon hit it off.

2023年February6日，Lizzie Cernik，“How we met: ‘He sent 40 Valentine’s cards with all the different things he loved about me’”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


butt heads

源自带角动物用角互相顶撞来争斗的习惯。

butts heads (third-person singular present)
butting heads (present participle)
butted heads (past participle)

They always seem to butt heads when they end up talking about politics.

他们聊到政治的时候似乎老是吵起来。

"Eventually, I just pieced it together, figuring your butting heads could probably be explained by a break up. Years of anime shipping trained me for this."

2018年November21日，Jocelyn Samara D.，Rain (webcomic), Comic 1101 - Rose:

For long spells, City butted their heads against Chelsea’s well-organised lines and the upshot was the end of their push to complete a treble.

2021年May29日，David Hytner，“Chelsea win Champions League after Kai Havertz stuns Manchester City”, in The Guardian:


trudge

16世纪中叶。原可能是指“用雪鞋走路”的习语。可能源自斯堪的纳维亚语言。对比冰島語 þrúga (“雪鞋”)、挪威語 truga (“雪鞋”)和瑞典语方言词trudja (“雪鞋”)。

The morning after the landslip, with rain still pouring down, it was an unpleasant trudge through deep mud to get there.

2020年September9日，Paul Clifton，“Heavy rainfall causes landslip in Hampshire: At the scene...”, in Rail，頁 10:


all the more

all the more亦可用来强调与理所当然或设想的事物相反，如：

You might think that my boss' rudeness to me would make me respect her/him more; actually, it just makes me hate her/him all the more.
你可能会觉得我老板对我粗鲁无礼会让我更尊敬他/她，事实上，我越发地讨厌他/她了。

Lytle’s progress as a boxer is all the more remarkable when taking into account his unique circumstances.

考虑到他的特殊情况，Lytle在拳击手上的进步更加值得肯定。

I had to work all the harder with two people off sick.

两个人请了病假，我得干更多的活。

If your crush likes football, that's all the more reason for coming with us to the game tomorrow night!

你喜欢的人喜欢足球的话，你就更应该明晚跟我们去看比赛！

Stripped of all bravado, Cersei breaks, and shows the very scared, vulnerable woman who has kept her emotions at bay. “I don’t want to die,” she whimpers, “Not like this.” It’s all the more moving for coming from a character who built her identity on steely resolve and contempt for such hoary conceits as fear.

2019年May12日，Alex McLevy，“Westeros faces a disastrous final battle on the penultimate Game of Thrones (newbies)”, in The A.V. Club:


fall foul

falls foul (third-person singular present)
falling foul (present participle)
fell foul (past)
fallen foul (past participle)

冲撞，攻击 （+ on、of或upon）

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:

He was, literally speaking, drunk; which circumstance, together with his natural impetuosity, could produce no other effect than his running immediately up to his daughter, upon whom he fell foul with his tongue in the most inveterate manner [...]

1749，Henry Fielding，The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling [棄兒湯姆·瓊斯的歷史]，卷 (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC, book v:

Sky News fell foul of its own woolly reporting on Tuesday, when it reported "human remains" had been found on Saddleworth Moor. Ever keen to spin a good yarn, they immediately linked the story to moors murderers Ian Brady and Myra Hindley - only for the police to emerge seven hours later and announce that, after very careful inspection, they could confirm the carcass was not human …

2008, The Guardian, Media Monkey, 4 Aug 2008:

If Chelsea were to fall foul of profit and sustainability, they would be expected to cite unforeseen circumstances, much as some clubs have claimed Covid writedowns: their books would have been sound but for the pandemic.

March 11 2022，David Hytner，“Chelsea are in crisis but there is no will to leave club on their knees”, in The Guardian:


bat an eyelid

源自bat (“震颤”)，约1900年。

bats an eyelid (third-person singular present)
batting an eyelid (present participle)
batted an eyelid (past participle)

flinch

关心，注意，有反应，理睬

关心，注意，有反应，理睬

When laptop computers first came out they were something of a novelty. These days, nobody bats an eyelid.

笔记本电脑刚问世的时候很新奇，现在大家都见怪不怪了。

[…]he got the drop on Cox, the only time I had seen or heard of its being done — had his pistol out and stuck in Cox's face before Cox could bat an eyelid.

1914，Edgar Beecher Bronson，The Vanguard，頁 155:

If you were to walk into a salon in America after a few 10–12 hour days of sweaty, dusty travel with no shower, you'd probably be politely asked to leave and not return until you've cleaned up. But here in a land whose resources and infrastructure cannot sustain such frivolity, the barber doesn't even bat an eyelid.

2006，Pete Takeda，An Eye at the Top of the World，頁 116:

Dublin's not a bad place to be gay. Most people wouldn't bat an eyelid at public displays of affection between same-sex couples[…]

2007，Fionn Davenport，Dublin Encounter，頁 153:


take stock

takes stock (third-person singular present)
taking stock (present participle)
took stock (past)
taken stock (past participle)

At the outset of any inquiry it is proper to take stock of the results obtained by previous explorers of the same field.

1882, Leslie Stephen, The Science of Ethics

In 2009, he underwent heart surgery for an aortic valve replacement at the Cleveland Clinic in Ohio, an event that Mr. Williams said caused him to take stock of his life.

2014 August 11, Dave Itzkoff, "Robin Williams, Oscar-Winning Comedian, Dies at 63 in Suspected Suicide," New York Times

[…]and the pillar of smoke which had recently begun to dissipate, as many of the fires amidships had been smothered by the onrushing water, was replaced by a vast mushroom cloud of steam, smoke, flame, and debris as the magazines detonated. In the pall of this apocalyptic destruction, the U.S. fleet takes stock.

2021年May5日，Drachinifel，片头起42:53, in Battle of Samar - What if TF34 was there?，存檔自the original on 2022-08-19:


ascribe

源自中古英語 ascriben，源自古法語 ascrivre (“题写；归功；归咎”)，源自拉丁語 āscrībere (“以书面声明”)，等价于a- + scribe。

ascribes (third-person singular present)
ascribing (present participle)
ascribed (past participle)

将...归为...所著，将...归为...所创作

It is arguable as to whether we can truly ascribe this play to Shakespeare.

能否真的说这出戏剧是莎士比亚写的还有待商榷。

[…]and two enormous Scottish poems, the Buik of Alexander, which has been improbably ascribed to Barbour, and Sir Gilbert Hay's Buik of Alexander the Conquerour; one nearly complete Prose Life of Alexander and fragments of four others; a stanzaic translation of the Fuerres de Gadres which survives only in a fragment, the Romance of Cassamus, and three separate translations of the Secreta Secretorum.

2012，William Matthews，The Tragedy of Arthur，University of California Press，頁 68:

A survey of the literature reveals that many who have commented on the signaling of animals ascribe to the view that all of their communicative signals are manifestations of emotion or affect.

1997，James A. Russell & José Miguel Fernández-Dols，The Psychology of Facial Expression, →ISBN，頁 133:

If we take a holistic view of human beings, we ascribe to the idea that humans are multidimensional and that they are greater than the sum of their parts – for example, their physical, psychological and spiritual aspects.

2010，Beverley Joan Taylor，Reflective Practice for Healthcare Professionals: A Practical Guide, →ISBN:

There are plenty of people who ascribe to the idea that, if they only have a short time on this earth, they want to be “used up” when it's their time to go.

2012，Joan Friedlander，Business from Bed, →ISBN:

And the truth is, I don't ascribe to the belief that God is more successful at drawing women to him than men.

2012，Mike Nappa，The Jesus Survey: What Christian Teens Really Believe and Why, →ISBN:


the long and short

The speech went on for hours, but the long and short of it is that not much has changed since last year.

演讲持续了几个小时，但是它的主题较去年没有多大变化。

Shepard: What's your relationship with Cerberus?
Zaeed: Easy. Cerberus is paying me a lot of money to help you on your mission. That's the long and short.

2010，BioWare，Mass Effect 2 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, 經由 PC, →OCLC，幕：Omega:


in droves

Viewers are switching off news and current affairs programmes in droves with shows such as Panorama, Tonight with Trevor McDonald and even Watchdog failing to connect with audiences, a new report claims.

2002年October31日，Owen Gibson，“TV audiences desert news in droves”, in The Guardian:

The difference to 2020 has been marked. People have returned to the railway in their droves, far faster than the pessimists predicted - especially this year, now that international travel restrictions have been lifted, bringing back foreign tourism.

2022年November30日，Paul Bigland，“Destination Oban: a Sunday in Scotland”, in RAIL，期 971，頁 79:


dilly-dally

dilly-dallies (third-person singular present)
dilly-dallying (present participle)
dilly-dallied (past participle)

No one can accuse the filmmakers of dillydallying; no sooner have the opening credits ended than we’re watching, via a mirrored ceiling, a couple writhing naked in coital ecstasy.

2022年March20日，Jason Bailey，“‘Basic Instinct’ at 30: A Time Capsule That Can Still Offend”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


do in

does in (third-person singular present)
doing in (present participle)
did in (past)
done in (past participle)

By the eighth mile, I was sure that finishing the 10-mile hike would do me in.

走了8英里以后，我觉得走完10英里的远足我就累死了。

We very nearly did in an entire keg of beer that weekend.

那个周末我们差点就干掉那一整桶啤酒了

Slasher fans rejoiced—for a couple years anyway, until the boom swiftly faded, done in by the same causes that fell so many other eruptions of a style or genre, of any medium: The host of imitators are never as good as what inspired the affection in the first place.

2017年October27日，Alex McLevy，“Making a Killing: The Brief Life and Bloody Death of the Post-Scream Slasher Revival”, in The A.V. Club，存檔自the original on 2018-03-05:


rubbernecker

源自rubberneck (动词) + -er (表示做此动作的人或物，构成施动者名词)。

/ˈrʌbəˌnɛkə/

/ˈrʌbɚˌnɛkɚ/

The minor accident caused a traffic jam as rubberneckers slowed down to get a good view of the battered cars.

那起小事故因为一群围观的人放慢脚步来看撞坏的车，引起了堵车。

Gentlemen will leave their pocket flasks with the captain, and will limit themselves to two bunches of cigarettes each. Rubber neckers will be executed without trial. Glasses will be needed to protect the eyes from the dust, and you MUST "Keep off the grass."

1898，The Michigan School Moderator，卷 18, Grand Rapids, Mich.: Michigan School Moderator, →OCLC，頁 30，列 3:

I suppose that fellow was a rubber-necker, and got killed peeping over the trenches.

1899，Stephen Bonsal，“Under the Mango-tree”, in The Fight for Santiago: The Story of the Soldier in the Cuban Campaign, from Tampa to the Surrender，New York, N.Y.: Doubleday & McClure Co., →OCLC，頁 283:

He is a great "rubber-necker." What he don't see aint worth looking at.

1899年March25日，“A Bobbin Boy’s Essay on His Boss”, in Fibre and Fabric: A Record of American Textile Industries in the Cotton and Woolen Trade，卷 XXIX, 期 734, Boston, Mass.: Jos. M. Wade, →OCLC，頁 63，列 2:

We are taught the importance of hygiene of the mouth, of the body, and of the hair, but little concerning the nose, which is the "rubber-necker" which is expected to discover any laxity of cleanliness of other parts of the body or the air around us.

1899年November3日，W. Cheatham，“Hygiene of the Nose”, in The American Practitioner and News，卷 XXVIII, 期 12, Louisville, Ky.: John P. Morton & Company, 出版於 15 December 1899, →OCLC，頁 441:

"The train's whistle was blowin' the whole time and, Lord, it sounded like a bomb had went off when they hit," said Patty Fay McNair, a waitress at the Torch, to a rubbernecker who'd asked if she'd seen what happened.

1991，Barry Gifford，“Consuelo’s Kiss”, in Sailor’s Holiday: The Wild Life of Sailor and Lula，New York, N.Y.: Random House, →ISBN; quoted in The Rooster Trapped in the Reptile Room: A Barry Gifford Reader，New York, N.Y., Toronto, Ont.: Seven Stories Press, 2003, →ISBN，頁 256:

A huge crowd of Muscovites had gathered around the distant approaches to the building, beyond the cordon of military and police. [...] Stray bullets flew in their direction, too, and several people were wounded. Some were even killed. Nevertheless the crowd of rubberneckers kept growing.

2000，Roy Medvedev，“Privatization, Government Crisis, and Elections (1993)”, in George Shriver（譯者）, Post-Soviet Russia: A Journey through the Yeltsin Era，New York, N.Y.: Columbia University Press, →ISBN, part 1 (Myths and Realities of Capitalism in Russia)，頁 125:

[...] Snake River breaching [...] will attract tourists, fly-rodders, kayakers, birders, botanists, Lewis and Clark buffs, and rubberneckers from all over the globe to ogle the mothballed dam remnants, study the returning plants, birds, and wildlife, [...]

2001，David James Duncan，“A Prayer for the Salmon’s Second Coming”, in My Story as Told by Water […]，第1st paperback版, San Francisco, Calif.: Sierra Club Books, →ISBN，頁 212:

[...] Shane kept looking into the open box with the morbid curiosity of a freeway rubbernecker passing a fatal accident. All of his mid-nineties career pileups were collected there.

2001 January，Stephen J[oseph] Cannell，“The Tin Collectors”, in Vertical Coffin; The Tin Collectors，New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Griffin, 出版於 January 2004, →ISBN，頁 156:

'A rubbernecker checking out where you lived.' / 'Why would anybody do that?' / 'I guess it kind of makes you a celebrity.'

2014，Christopher Fowler，Bryant & May: The Bleeding Heart，London: Bantam Books, 出版於 2015, →ISBN，頁 133:

The new season is unrelentingly bleak – gone is [Margaret] Atwood's astute social commentary, turning the audience into rubberneckers peering at the carnage.

2018年June16日，Fiona Sturges，“Cattleprods! Severed tongues! Torture porn! Why I’ve stopped watching the Handmaid’s Tale”, in The Guardian，London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2020-02-05:


unfazed

more unfazed (comparative)
most unfazed (superlative)

不害怕的，不犹豫的，不动摇的，不惧的，无畏的

Say, but isn't Annie Watson a dandy witness? She testified as straight as a book. And she stood a hot cross-examination unphased.

1885年November9日，“They Talk About It”, in St. Paul Daily Globe，St. Paul, MN，頁 5:

The Johnnie O'Briens and the Barney O'Rourkes were there, too, apparently unfazed by the magnificence of the surroundings.

1889年March11日，“Social and Personal”, in Washington Critic，Washington, DC，頁 2:

Stu couldn't believe I was so unfazed by the whole incident, though inwardly I resolved that I wouldn't let this bastard have the last laugh.

2005，Sean Dooley，The Big Twitch，Sydney: Allen and Unwin，頁 131:

After stumbling and landing on her face, the toddler picked herself up and continued unfazed.

跌倒摔到脸上以后，幼童爬起来，没有迟疑继续走。

The tall man throughout was "unphased" -- the dewy and least compact one surrendered!

1855年December13日，T. B. Thorpe，“Remembrances of the Mississippi”, in Harper's New Monthly Magazine，卷 xii, 期 lxvii, New York, NY，頁 35:

Being a lad of a little upwards of a century, and maintaining, as all widowers do, that I was unfazed by time ...

1874，Moses Adams，What I Did With My Fifty Millions，Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co.，頁 106:

He next, while the flame continued to heat the chimney to the utmost, dashed upon it a dipper of water, and still the chimney was unfazed

1876年January18日，“Local News”, in State Journal，Jefferson City, MO，頁 3:


bite the dust

bites the dust (third-person singular present)
biting the dust (present participle)
bit the dust (past)
bitten the dust (past participle)

Ulysses killed Demoptolemus, Telemachus Euryades, Eumæus Elatus, while the stockman killed Pisander. These all bit the dust, and as the others drew back into a corner Ulysses and his men rushed forward and regained their spears by drawing them from the bodies of the dead

1900, Samuel Butler, transl. The Odyssey, Book XXII., page 293

Three more warriors bit the dust...

1877, Frances Fuller Victor, Eleven years in the Rocky Mountains and a life on the frontier, Chapter IX, p. 156

Tons of engine sheds would bite the dust with the end of steam, and many would be demolished with their time in the spotlight over. We're lucky that the one at Didcot survived into preservation.

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Didcot (1932)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 61:

London calling, now don't look to us / Phony Beatlemania has bitten the dust

My old backpack finally bit the dust the other day.

前几天我的旧背包终于坏了。


all the while

the while

与此同时 （常指较长的时间）

通常用来暗示这一时间段背后隐瞒的事。

与此同时 （常指较长的时间）

The good fortune which attended him throughout life may have been partly owing to this cause as well as to his undoubted valour, for though he never lost a battle, nothing is more astounding than his imprudence and the easy confidence with which he trusted Somerset, Warwick, Montague, and others, all the while they were betraying him.

1889，Leslie Stephen，Dictionary of National Biography，頁 82:

Sulla, encamped near Scipio, and amusing him with caresses under pretence of an approaching peace, was all the while corrupting his troops.

And all with that vital piece of evidence burning a hole in his pocket the while!

1986，Michael Dibdin，A Rich Full Death，頁 60:

All the while, my intention was to amuse her, and divert her out of her hellish thoughts, and show to her the wide world of which she could now be a part.


I'll be damned

I'll be hanged

表示自己不会允许某事发生的情绪激动的发言。

表示自己不会允许某事发生的情绪激动的发言。

I'll be damned if I'm having a thief like him stay in my house.

我绝对不会允许他那样的贼住在我家里。

My mechanisms / Of defense are down / And my resistance / Is out on the town / I was alarmed by your attack / This isn't a boxing match / But I'll be damned if I ever let you win

2011，Lenka and Ben H. Allen （作曲作詞）, “Roll with the Punches”, in Two，演出者 Lenka:


quake in one's shoes

quakes in one's shoes (third-person singular present)
quaking in one's shoes (present participle)
quaked in one's shoes (past participle)

“I was quaking in my shoes working with that guy, because I’m such a fan. He’s incredible at this sound we were making — the best in the business,” he said in a statement.

2020年September1日，Josh Martin，“Soul Coughing’s Mike Doughty returns with new project Ghost Vroom, shares new single ‘Rona Pallona’”, in NME:


shake in one's shoes

shakes in one's shoes (third-person singular present)
shaking in one's shoes (present participle)
shook in one's shoes (past)
shaken in one's shoes (past participle)

“I’d be shaking in my shoes to ride in the Preakness,” said Desormeaux, who finished dead last in his first Preakness in 1988. “Now, not only have I won it twice [in 1998 on Real Quiet and in 2008 on Big Brown], I’ve lived life. I’ll be as cool as a cucumber in the saddle” with Exaggerator on Saturday.

2016年May17日，Don Markus，“For Kent Desormeaux, Preakness is a welcome Maryland homecoming”, in The Washington Post:


call it quits

calls it quits (third-person singular present)
calling it quits (present participle)
called it quits (past participle)

call it even

表示扯平，表示欠的已经还清

One afternoon, after twenty minutes of desperate efforts to annihilate each other according to set rules that did not permit kicking, striking below the belt, nor hitting when one was down, Cheese-Face, panting for breath and reeling, offered to call it quits.

The West's longest-serving foreign minister called it quits last week.

1992 May 11, "A One-Two Punch Rattles Germany," Time:


mince words

minces words (third-person singular present)
mincing words (present participle)
minced words (past participle)

通常用否定，即“直截了当”，“不拐弯抹角”，“心直口快”。

"I ask you, William, could I suppose that the Emperor of Austria was a damned traitor—a traitor, and nothing more? I don’t mince words—a double-faced infernal traitor and schemer."

1847 January – 1848 July，William Makepeace Thackeray，章號 20, in Vanity Fair. A Novel without a Hero，London: Bradbury and Evans, […], 出版於 1848, →OCLC:

The detective did not mince words. "It's plain that you're a boob," he said.

1920, Upton Sinclair, 100%: The Story of a Patriot, ch. 2:

We remember, too, those admirable reports issued to every passenger during the final stages of the Kent Coast electrification, which did not mince words about the disruption of normal working, but which often turned the situations into an instructive illustration of the complexity of modern railway working.

1962 August，“Let's have plain speaking”, in Modern Railways，頁 73:

They all sought the President's views on the world situation in general and the Asian situation in particular. Without mincing words he would comment on his favorite theme, namely, the insidious scheme of the international Communists to conquer the free world.

1983，James C. H. Shen，“Rejoining the Government”, in The U.S. & Free China: How the U.S. Sold Out Its Ally，Washington, D.C.: Acropolis Books Ltd., →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 28:

The coroner did not mince words, in charging the jury with their duty: "The bridge had been utterly neglected from the time that it was built and there had been no proper inspection of it... [...]."

2022年July27日，Dr Joseph Brennan，“Bridge disasters that spanned an Empire”, in RAIL，期 962，頁 58:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:mince words。


then and there

When this conversation was repeated in detail within the hearing of the young woman in question, and undoubtedly for his benefit, Mr. Trevor threw shame to the winds and scandalized the Misses Brewster then and there by proclaiming his father to have been a country storekeeper.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 5, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

'Well, I soon saw to that, I told him to bolt it then and there[.]'

1934，Agatha Christie，章號 4, in Murder on the Orient Express，London: HarperCollins, 出版於 2017，頁 99:


thusly

thus + -ly，可追溯回19世纪，可能是教育水平高的写作家为了嘲讽假装斯文但没文化的人而造的词，主要是嘲讽认为thus并非副词的错误观念。

虽然thusly已经渗透到了大众使用中，但一些人可能会认为这是错误用词。其可以使用thus、this way等词代替。其起源于美国东部，且相比英式英语，在美式英语中更加常见，其“常用来取乐或表达讽刺反语”（“often used for amusement or to make an ironic point”）

Ar, tell me it is not so thusly as this thusness wouldst seem!

1865，Hingston (ed.)，Artemus Ward (His Travels) Among the Mormons:

His course can only be akkounted for thusly:

1866, Petroleum V. Nasby, Life of Androo Johnson

He had an attack of catarrh not long ago, and it happened, as J. Billings would say, "thusly:"

Stories never lose anything in the recital, and consequently this one grew thusly.

1893，Isabel Burton，The Life of Captain Sir Richard F. Burton KCMG, FRGS，卷 II:

The history of the Universe has been summed up thusly: "Hydrogen is a light, odorless gas, which, given enough time, turns into people."

1995 December, John P. Wiley Jr, quoting Edward R. Harrison, Smithsonian Magazine:

Going thusly, unwillingly at the bell,

1996，Charles Harding，High Rise Dwelling:


rain or shine

无论如何；不管下不下雨，不管天气怎么样

同類詞：come what may、hell or high water、no matter what

The game will be held on Saturday rain or shine.

不管天气怎么样，比赛都会在周六举行。

He always showed up right on time, rain or shine.

无论如何他都总是按时到。

This very morning we begin rebuilding the windmill, and we will build all through the winter, rain or shine.

1945年August17日，George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair]，章號 6, in Animal Farm […]，London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:


traipse

多半借自法語 trépasser (“穿过”)。

traipses (third-person singular present)
traipsing (present participle)
traipsed (past participle)

四处走 （尤指很努力地或者徒劳地走）

After traipsing about in the fog they found the grave sure enough.

疲惫地走，费力地走 （一段路程）

She only got handy the Union-house on Sunday morning 'a b'lieve, and 'tis supposed here and there that she had traipsed every step of the way from Melchester.

1874，Thomas Hardy，Far From the Madding Crowd:


traipse

多半借自法語 trépasser (“穿过”)。

it was an easy traipse down the rocky slope


touched in the head

more touched in the head (comparative)
most touched in the head (superlative)

I believe he's more touched in the head than I am.

1990，Reinaldo Arenas，The Palace of the White Skunks，頁 136:

Who could say, perhaps Nastasya was even more touched in the head now, and if she used to make up stories about the old man crying and bleeding when she was here, maybe she had moved on to death over there?

1991 [1979], Valentin Rasputin, Antonina W. Bouis (translator), Farewell to Matyora, page 199:

It is broad daylight and if she can not simply guide the car along the highway then this bitch was more touched in the head that^([sic]) I thought.

2003，Tracee A. Hanna，A Little Bit of Sinning，頁 163:


me three

将me too诙谐性地解读为me two的双关语。还可以后接me four、me five等。

我也是 （用来在某人说“me too”以后表示同意，还可以后接me four、me five等。）

“...Come if you can—he’d like that a lot.” / “Me, too.” / “Me, three.” She gave a girlish giggle and unlocked her door.

1982, Richard Kluger, Un-American Activities, Doubleday Publishing, page 524

“I hate saying good-bye,” Lulu said sadly. / “Me too,” Pam said. / “Me three,” Anna said.

1995，Jeanne Betancourt，Give Me Back My Pony，Scholastic Paperbacks,, →ISBN，頁 16:

Perhaps a first worker complained about an aspect of their work environment, and others chimed in—Me too, me three!

2006, Michelle Murphy, Sick Building Syndrome and the Problem of Uncertainty: Environmental Politics, Technoscience, and Women Workers, Duke University Press, ISBN 0822336715, page 1


squidgy

squidgier (comparative)
squidgiest (superlative)

He was one of those dangerous people who are soft, squidgy and cowlike provided they have what they want. And because he had always had what he wanted, and had seemed easily pleased with it, it had never occurred to anybody that he was anything other than soft, squidgy and cowlike.

1987，Douglas Adams，Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency，Simon & Schuster，頁 102:

It consists of two layers of ground cashew nuts, mixed with breadcrumbs, onions, nutmeg and vegetable stock, and separated by a vibrant green herb stuffing, the main ingredient of which is also bread. Although surprisingly moist, thanks to the stock (indeed, the contrast between the crisp exterior and the squidgy middle is horribly moreish), the combination of parsley, garlic and breadcrumbs reminds me of a very fancy loaf of garlic bread – and all but overpowers the sweet flavour of the cashews.

2011年December15日，Felicity Cloake，“How to cook the perfect nut roast”, in Guardian:


drive home

drives home (third-person singular present)
driving home (present participle)
drove home (past)
driven home (past participle)

强行、用力将...放入某处

He grunted as he drove each nail home.

1969，James Plunkett，Strumpet City，頁 396:

Karli shook himself, drove home the last nail with a flat stone, straightened up.

1996，Harry Harrison，One King's Way，頁 186:

Just as Ione began to slow, she struck Ione's sword aside and drove her own blade home.

2004，Judith Tarr，Queen of the Amazons，頁 293:

用有力的示范强调，让...深入人心，让...入木三分

The urgent need for vaccines was driven home by the expected postponement on Monday of Britain’s plan to reopen, caused by the spread of a variant known as Delta among the unvaccinated population.

2021年June14日，Mark Landler，“Boris Johnson’s ‘Global Britain’ Makes Shaky Start at G7 Summit”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


nigga

源自nigger，源自无r音的英语方言。

一些非洲裔曾尝试为这个词辩白（特别是本变体形式nigga及其变体niggah），但是惹起了争议，一些人认为由于其历史阴暗，加之现在仍有贬义使用，这个词不能够被辩白。 详见nigger。

本词的部分变体已经使用良久，包括niggah和nigguh，它们的复数仅用-s后缀（如niggahs等），但现在还常（非正式地）使用视觉方言词尾-z（niggahz）。近来，nikka和nikkah 等拼写也开始出现于非正式对话和嘻哈中。有时候，尤其是20世纪中叶的书面记录中，nigguh常作nigger的南部白人发音的视觉方言形式，而nigga(h)则是代表非洲裔美国人发音的视觉拼写形式。

在无r音英语变体（如多数英国英语口音）中，本词无法与nigger区分开来。

但在非洲裔美國人白話中无冒犯意

As soon as I walked into the class and saw that sea of white faces, I felt alone, so I sat next to the only other nigga there.

我走进教室，看到茫茫一片白人脸，感到很孤独，所以我坐到了除了我唯一另一个黑人旁。

"I mean, if you're not interested, it ain't nothing but a thang, baby girl. Just let a nigga know."

2010，Chunichi，The Return of a Gangster's Girl，頁 26:

男人 （与女性做对比时使用）

但在非洲裔美國人白話中无冒犯意

Niggas on my dick more than my bitches.

2003，“If I Can't”, in Curtis Jackson 作詞, Dr. Dre and Mike Elizondo 作曲, Get Rich or Die Tryin'，演出者 50 Cent, New York City: Shady Records:

I read somewhere I'm homophobic. Shit, go through the hood. There's mad niggas on my dick.

2005，“Ryder Music”, in Curtis Jackson 作詞, Tony Cottrell 作曲, The Massacre，演出者 50 Cent, New York City: Shady Records:


for what it's worth

本词可用来暗示听话人、读者可以说出他们相反的意见，以此凸显自己的谦逊，表示自己说的可能有用，也可能没用，或者可能与对方观点相悖。

依我之见，我是觉得，但是吧 （用来谦虚地表示自己说的话不一定有用，有关，但是还是（为了它“可能具有的有限的价值”）说出来，汉语中没有很准确的等价词）

Take my advice for what it’s worth—don’t marry Garth: marry some old fool.

“Well,” said he, “I have a suggestion to make, for what it’s worth.”

1908, Armand Both, The Half-smart Set, Frederick A. Stokes Company, page 276:

There were seven of us from America, and, for what it’s worth, I thought it was a fairly impressive group.

1999，Bruce Northam，Brad Olsen，In Search of Adventure: A Wild Travel Anthology, →ISBN，頁 21:

For what it’s worth, the same holds true for fish bowls: overfill and you’ll suffocate the guppies.

2005，Jennifer Rosen，Waiter, There’s A Horse In My Wine, →ISBN，頁 253:


full of oneself

more full of oneself (comparative)
most full of oneself (superlative)

自满的，自以为是的，得意洋洋的

I thought it not amiss to write him a line to let him know the regard you had for him, for as I know him to be vastly vain and full of himself I thought this might be a spur to his zeale.

1897，Andrew Lang，章號 8, in Pickle the Spy: