wear one's heart on one's sleeve

wears one's heart on one's sleeve (third-person singular present)
wearing one's heart on one's sleeve (present participle)
wore one's heart on one's sleeve (past)
worn one's heart on one's sleeve (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-wear one's heart on one's sleeve.ogg

Iago: For when my outward action doth demonstrate
The native act and figure of my heart
In compliment extern, 'tis not long after
But I will wear my heart upon my sleeve
For daws to peck at: I am not what I am.

约1603–1604年，威廉·莎士比亚，“The Tragedie of Othello, the Moore of Venice [奥赛罗]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (第一对开本)，伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act 1, scene 1]，行 64:

There was something very direct and childlike in Virginie Poucette. She could not pretend; she wore her heart on her sleeve.

1915，Gilbert Parker，章號 18, in The Money Master:

I'm not being smart or trying to be cold on my part / And I'm not gonna wear my heart on my sleeve / But you know people get all emotional

1978，Lou Reed （作曲作詞）, “Street Hassle”, in Street Hassle:

I feel so close to you right now, it's a force field / I wear my heart on my sleeve, like a big deal

2011，“Feel So Close”, 演出者 Calvin Harris:


open book

好懂的事物，易懂的事物，一目了然的事物

There is one, with a dark and thoughtful eye,
Who is to all others a mystery;
But his soul is to me an open book,
And I read his mood in his slightest look; ...

1860，Abby Maria Hemenway，“The Priest and The Maiden”, in Poets and Poetry of Vermont:

This is the secret of Hegel, and the key to his hieroglyphics, and, if consistently used to interpret the sayings of his logic, it becomes an open book.

1898，John Wesley Powell，Truth and Error or the Science of Intellection:

On the surface of the ground or through the swaying branches of the trees the spoor of man or beast was an open book to the ape-man, but even his acute senses were baffled by the spoorless trail of the airship.

1921，Edgar Rice Burroughs，Tarzan the Untamed:

But I have never argued – and never will – that our most sensitive national security matters should be an open book.

2009, May 21, Barack Obama, speech, Protecting Our Security and Our Values

直白的人，坦率的人，很容易看透的人，胸无城府的人

He is an open book. Everyone can see that he removes nothing, conceals nothing, reserves nothing for himself.

1986，Adrienne von Speyr, Hans Urs von Balthasar，The Christian State of Life:

Chapter 3: Are You an Open Book? How Much Do I Need to Disclose?

1997，Matthew J. DeLuca，Best Answers to the 201 Most Frequently Asked Interview Questions:

Emile's most striking characteristic is that he hides nothing. He is an open book, acting the same in private as in public — "Emile is worse at disguising his feelings than any man in the world."

2002，Linda Lange，Feminist Interpretations of Jean-Jacques Rousseau:


turn in one's grave

turns in one's grave (third-person singular present)
turning in one's grave (present participle)
turned in one's grave (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-turn in one's grave.ogg

死不瞑目，棺材板都压不住

Beethoven is probably turning in his grave at the way that rock group mangled his Ninth Symphony.

贝多芬看到那个摇滚乐队这样糟蹋他的《第九交响乐》的话，他估计都得从坟里爬出来。

The new scientific discovery about the gravitation particle could make Isaac Newton turn in his grave.

关于引力粒子的新科学发现可以让牛顿从坟墓里爬出来。

Brought forth wind that made critics rave / While Verdi turned round in his grave

1937，Rodgers and Hart （作曲作詞）, “Johnny One Note”:

If he ever finds out who's hijacked his name / He'll cut out his heart and turn in his grave

1989，The The （作曲作詞）, “Armageddon Days Are Here (Again)”, in Mind Bomb:


troupe

1825年可考，借自法語 troupe，参见该词条。troop 的同源對似詞，可能也是thorp和dorp 的同源對似詞。

Meanwhile, the bills on the main stages skewed towards mainstream pop, with mixed results. Lorde’s Friday evening Other stage appearance was one of the weekend’s highlights. The staging and choreography were fantastic – a giant glass tank on a hydraulic platform, in and around which a troupe of dancers acted out the highs and lows of a teenage party

2017年June26日，Alexis Petridis，“Glastonbury 2017 verdict: Radiohead, Foo Fighters, Lorde, Stormzy and more”, in the Guardian:


demeanour

demeanor的英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭和加拿大拼寫法

By some paradoxical evolution rancour and intolerance have been established in the vanguard of primitive Christianity. Mrs. Spoker, in common with many of the stricter disciples of righteousness, was as inclement in demeanour as she was cadaverous in aspect.

1922，Ben Travers，章號 4, in A Cuckoo in the Nest:


honey bucket

A wood stove had been fashioned from a fifty-five gallon drum, matching the design of the honey bucket in the outhouse, the fish smoker on the riverbank and, its barrell sliced diagonally and mounted on a nose wheel, the wheelbarrow in the garden.

1995，Dana Stabenow，Play with Fire, →ISBN，頁 106:


smack-dab

正正地，不偏不倚地；（尤指）在正中

I tossed the water balloon and it landed smack-dab on the top of his head.

我把水气球丢了出去，正中他的脑门。

Things build and build, and it becomes clearer and clearer that a battle is about to take place. In “Stormborn,” a bang above deck is all the warning we get, and suddenly the Yara Greyjoy fleet is smack dab in the middle of Euron’s Iron Fleet, and the party begins.

2017年July23日，Brandon Nowalk，“The great game begins with a bang on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:


wipe the floor with someone

wipes the floor with someone (third-person singular present)
wiping the floor with someone (present participle)
wiped the floor with someone (past participle)

横扫某人，彻底击败某人，使某人一败涂地

"Courage? Blast it all, lad, if I were twenty years younger I'd wipe the floor with you now."

1936，F.J. Thwaites，章號 I, in The Redemption，Sydney: H. John Edwards，頁 6:


sunder

源自中古英語 sundren (“分离，分开”)，源自古英語 sundrian (“分离，分开”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *sundrōną (“分离”)，源自原始印歐語 *sen(e)- (“没有，不带，分离”)。同源词有低地蘇格蘭語 sinder、sunder (“分离，分割”)、荷蘭語 zonderen (“隔离，隔开”)、德語 sondern (“分离”)、瑞典語 söndra (“分割”)。详见sundry。

sunders (third-person singular present)
sundering (present participle)
sundered (past participle)

In Taran's hand the sundered bone had turned into gray dust, which he cast aside.

Two souls, the shores wave-mocked of sundering seas: —

1881 Dante Gabriel Rossetti, Severed Selves, lines 8-9

… Carlo finally saw Everything, before it sunders into things; he saw Knowledge before it sunders into knowing; he saw Integrity before it sunders in integrals; he saw Unity before it sunders into units.

2003，Dean Barton，Searching for the Evergreen Man，Llumina Press, →ISBN，頁 69:

Where a fair opportunity offers, and the grass is perfectly dry, the hipples are sundered; that is, broken out into beds in the usual manner, turned, and again got up into cocklets, of such size as the state of dryness requires.

1788，William Marshall，The Rural Economy of Yorkshire:

Except under abnormal conditions, protection can be afforded to a field by cutting a strip half a chain in width all round the field, with a reaper and binder for preference, when the crop is in the best condition for hay, and then ploughing or sunder-cutting the stubble.

1941，The Queensland Agricultural and Pastoral Handbook，頁 82:

The trees and shrubs all around us began to show the signs of death; dried branches, leafless gray and molding wood. The ground here was as hard as stone, the dirt and dust dry as bone sundered in the desert scorch.

2010，Stony Stern，Run Past The Hunter，頁 143:

The world, a good deal of it, sundered, scorched.

2013，Thomas Glave，Among the Bloodpeople: Politics and Flesh，頁 165:


sunder

He would not stay for me to stand and gaze.
I shook his hand and tore my heart in sunder
And went with half my life about my ways.

1939，Alfred Edward Housman，Additional Poems, VII, lines 2-4:


steer clear

steers clear (third-person singular present)
steering clear (present participle)
steered clear (past participle)

I always told Sir John to steer clear of too much journalizing.

1835，James Fenimore Cooper，The Monikins, Introduction:

Foreign youth steer clear of the gymnasium; its rules are too severe.

1880，Mark Twain，章號 4, in A Tramp Abroad:

"You steer clear of that rascally teacher and young Merwell," advised Dave's father. "They are a bad lot."
"I'll steer clear if I can," answered Dave.

1914，Edward Stratemeyer，章號 10, in Dave Porter in the Gold Fields:

But unless you are also philosophical and like to listen to a lot of dialogue—or, worse yet, read reams of subtitles—I think you'd be wise to steer clear.

1964年January28日，Bosley Crowther，“Movie Review: The Seventh Juror (1962)”, in New York Times, retrieved 2014-01-15:

If you think you can steer clear of government surveillance by staying off-line, think again.

2013，“Surveillance State: Three Ways You're Being Watched”, in BloombergBusinessweek Videos, retrieved 2014-01-15:


doom and gloom

rainbows and unicorns

悲观的人或物，绝望的人或物

sunshine and rainbows

悲观的人或物，绝望的人或物

悲观的人或物，绝望的人或物

The economic forecast contained the usual doom and gloom.

经济前景预计还是一如既往的悲观。

His sister was all doom and gloom after she lost the part.

他妹妹丢掉那个角色以后就一直很悲观。

Doom and gloom abounded among copyright scholars, including many who shared Mr. Gates's basic premise—that software should be covered by property rights.


crepuscule

Van watched them with the same pleasurable awe he had experienced as a child, when, lost in the purple crepuscule of an Italian hotel garden, in an alley of cypresses, he supposed they were golden ghouls or the passing fancies of the garden.

1969，Vladimir Nabokov，Ada or Ardor，Penguin, 出版於 2011，頁 54:


swan song

仿譯自德語 Schwanenlied（源自Schwan + Lied）或Schwanengesang，源自疣鼻天鹅不会叫，但会在死前歌唱的说法。

绝唱 （隐退前最后的表演或成就）

Yet, on the whole, our good Saint-Pierre is musical, poetical though most morbid: we will call his Book the swan-song of old dying France.

1837，Thomas Carlyle，章號 VIII, in The French Revolution: A History […]，卷 I (The Bastille), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, book II (The Paper Age):

"A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court"[…]—a pretentious volume which Mark Twain really considered his last. "It's my swan-song, my retirement from literature permanently," he wrote Howells, though certainly he was young, fifty-four, to have reached this conclusion.

1916，Albert Bigelow Paine，The Boys' Life of Mark Twain:

[…]McCartney III could mark the end of his recording career. For a musician as continually prolific as McCartney (this is his 18th solo record), that seems unlikely. But if it is indeed a swan song, McCartney III will stand as a proper coda for the singer-songwriter we’ve been listening to for fifty-odd years: sentimental yet strong, a bit wistful, but as always, looking ahead.

2020年November9日，Gwen Ihnat，“With McCartney III, Paul McCartney offers lessons from a legendary life”, in The A.V. Club:

Merkel’s political and scientific sides slug it out in swan song presser [title]

2021年July22日，Philip Oltermann，“Merkel’s political and scientific sides slug it out in swan song presser”, in The Guardian:

[S]pielberg was keen to stress that The Fabelmans is not a full stop: “It is not because I decided to retire, and this is my swan song, don’t believe that.”

2022年October22日，Wendy Ide，引 Steven Spielberg, “‘It’s a way to bring my mum and dad back’: Steven Spielberg on the new wave of cine-memoirs”, in The Guardian:


truant

源自中古英語 truant、truand、trewande、trowant（平行于中古荷蘭語 trouwant、trawant、truwant），源自古法語 truand、truant (“流浪汉，乞丐；乞丐一样的”)，源自凱爾特語族，可能源自高盧語 *trugan，或源自布列塔尼語 truan (“悲惨的”)，源自原始凱爾特語 *térh₁-tro-m，最终源自原始印歐語 *terh₁-。
同源词有蘇格蘭蓋爾語 truaghan、愛爾蘭語 trogha (“贫困的”)、trogán、布列塔尼語 truc (“乞丐”)、威爾士語 tru。

旷工的；无所事事的，懒散的

While truant Jove, in infant pride, / Play'd barefoot on Olympus' side.

1772，John Trumbull，The Owl and the Sparrow，頁 149:

Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes.[…]She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.

1910，Emerson Hough，章號 I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise，Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:


truant

truants (third-person singular present)
truanting (present participle)
truanted (past participle)

Tis double vvrong , to truant vvith your bed

c. 1594，William Shakespeare，“The Comedie of Errors”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio)，London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

By this means they lost their time and truanted on the fundamental grounds of saving knowledge.


put the kibosh on

puts the kibosh on (third-person singular present)
putting the kibosh on (present participle)
put the kibosh on (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-put the kibosh on.ogg

Someone really needs to go put the kibosh on that noisy party.

那个聚会真的吵死了，得找人让他们停下来。

For Belgium put the kibosh on the Kaiser; / Europe took the stick and made him sore; / On his throne it hurts to sit, / And when John Bull starts to hit, / He will never sit upon it any more.

1914，Mark Sheridan （作曲作詞）, “Belgium Put the Kibosh on the Kaiser”:

I'm not sure how it became a trope to call second albums "sophomore." But if Olivia Rodrigo's debut, Sour, hadn't become one of the biggest releases of 2021, winning her a Grammy for best new artist and putting the kibosh on her post–high school plans, the 20-year-old might be a literal sophomore now.

2023年September8日，Carl Wilson，“The Olivia Rodrigo–Taylor Swift "Beef" Is Really About Something Deeper”, in Slate，存檔自the original on 2023-09-09:


shoot the breeze

shoots the breeze (third-person singular present)
shooting the breeze (present participle)
shot the breeze (past participle)

We were just standing around shooting the breeze.

Oh, I've just been upstairs with your boss, shooting the breeze… shooting his fish.

1989，Lethal Weapon 2 (motion picture), spoken by Martin Riggs (Mel Gibson):

Listen, I came here to do some business, not shoot the breeze. If you want to expound your personal philosophies, write another book.

1999，The Ninth Gate (motion picture), spoken by Dean Corso (Johnny Depp):


bupkis

借自意第緒語 באָבקעס (bobkes)，באָבקע (bobke，“羊的粪便”)的复数形式，源自באָב (bob，“豆”) + ־קע (-ke)，仿译自波蘭語 bobek (“椭圆形粪便”)，最终源自原始斯拉夫語 *bobъ (“豆，蚕豆”)。

We searched for hours and found bupkis.

我们找了几个小时，啥也没找到。

But we did nothing, absolutely bupkis that day / And I say, what the hell am I doing drinking in L.A. at 26?

1997，“Drinking in L.A.”, 演出者 Bran Van 3000:

She answered her own question. “Without the connection to other people,” she said, “you have bupkis.”

2022年April20日，John Leland，引 Robin Solod, “How Loneliness Is Damaging Our Health”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


sideswipe

侧面撞击，擦撞 （如车辆在转弯时不小心撞到来车侧面）

As he turns left from Central into Jackson he nearly sideswipes a milk truck idling yards out from the kerb.


sideswipe

sideswipes (third-person singular present)
sideswiping (present participle)
sideswiped (past participle)

In her haste, she sideswiped the 4x4 truck that was ahead of her as well as two other cars. “Help!” she yelled as she sped through the orange construction cones. “They're going to kill me!”

2012，Curtis L. Alcutt，Fatal Intentions，頁 175:


plumbata

一种中世纪和古代使用的飞镖

The plumbata was an ancient Roman version of the lawn dart—a weighted projectile with a sharp point that was lobbed underhanded toward its target. And like the lawn dart, the plumbata killed its share of people. […] A typical Roman legionary could carry up to four plumbata inside his shield, […]

2013，John O'Bryan，A History of Weapons: Crossbows, Caltrops, Catapults & Lots of Other Things that Can Seriously Mess You Up，Chronicle Books, →ISBN，頁 68:

"These plumbata make marching difficult," he complained to Claudius, who was marching beside him.

2016，Rexford Walker，Strike of Venus, →ISBN:


giddyup

giddyups (third-person singular present)
giddyuping (present participle)
giddyupping (present participle)
giddyuped (past participle)
giddyupped (past participle)

Not expecting any traffic, he giddyuped them onto the main road.

2011，Janet Dailey，Foxfire Light, →ISBN，頁 30:

But she just kept bopping up and down and telling me to giddyup, so that I had to turn and make my way properly on the stairs for fear of her pulling us both over.

2012，Celine Kiernan，Into the Grey, →ISBN:

“Yeah, been partying since I was fourteen, never thought I'd wind-up in a place like this,” I sat there for a moment in quiet reflection, “been high most of my life . . . on one thing or another . . . guess it's time I giddyuped and got going on this clean up my act thing, I've hit the break point . . . gotta' do something . . . do something or it's going to kill me."

2012，Thaddeus Deluca，At Bully Hills: Confessions of an American Oxycontin Addict, →ISBN，頁 32:


to wit

The directors of the company, to wit, Fred Smith and Albert Jones, inform us that…

The defendant is charged with possession of a controlled substance, to wit, cocaine…

被告人被控持有管制药物——可卡因...

Thus, I had so long suffered in this quest,
Heard failure prophesied so oft, been writ
So many times among "The Band"─to wit,
The knights who to the Dark Tower's search addressed
Their steps - that just to fail as they, seemed best,
And all the doubt was now—should I be fit?

1855，Robert Browning，Childe Roland to the Dark Tower Came, section VII:

Though the animation code above demonstrates how a thread could be included as part of an object while still making that object be serializable, there is a major problem with it if we recall how Java creates objects. To wit, when we create an object with the new keyword, the object’s constructor is called only when a new instance of a class is created.

July 2000, Todd Greanier, Discover the secrets of the Java Serialization API


schmancy

schmancier (comparative)
schmanciest (superlative)

But thanks to the charmless chunk of schmancy condos now going up on Brooklyn’s Fourth Avenue (the Champs Élysées of auto parts stores), the rooftop sunsets we savored in summers past were, it turns out, our last.

2007年August10日，Lynn Harris，“On the Roof, a Weaning From Weeding”, in New York Times:


stop short

stops short (third-person singular present)
stopping short (present participle)
stopped short (past participle)

hold back

停下 （使某物停在某个点）

停下 （使某物停在某个点）

Turning back, then, toward the basement staircase, she began to grope her way through blinding darkness, but had taken only a few uncertain steps when, of a sudden, she stopped short and for a little stood like a stricken thing, quite motionless save that she quaked to her very marrow in the grasp of a great and enervating fear.

1914，Louis Joseph Vance，章號 III, in Nobody，New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, 出版於 1915, →OCLC:

He stopped short of saying the story was true but accused the palace of lying when they "squashed" it.

2022年December15日，Jack Royston，“Prince Harry throws more accusations at Prince William than ever before”, in Newsweek:

停下 （而没能到某个点）

Thirteen people were injured in August 1957 when this Bristol freighter skidded on the runway at Southend Airport when landing with a flight from Calais. It ploughed through the boundary fence, but thankfully stopped short of the railway and the 1,500V overhead wires. A tripwire was installed on this section of Shenfield-Southend line to warn train drivers of instances such as this.

2020年December30日，Tim Dunn，“The railway's mechanical marvels”, in Rail，頁 58, photo caption:


make a pass

makes a pass (third-person singular present)
making a pass (present participle)
made a pass (past participle)

He clumsily made a pass at the prom queen, and she responded with a scowl.

Men seldom make passes / At girls who wear glasses.

1926，Dorothy Parker，“News Item”, in Enough Rope，頁 85:

You know, all those nights we stayed up talking…How come you never made a pass at me?

1985，Joel Schumacher, Carl Kurlander，St. Elmo's Fire (motion picture), spoken by Julianna "Jules" Van Patten (Demi Moore):


turpitude

借自中古法語 turpitude，源自拉丁語 turpitūdō (“卑鄙”)，源自turpis (“下流的”)。

卑鄙，无耻，下流；邪恶，恶毒

As for the moral turpitude that man unveiled to me, even with tears of penitence, I cannot, even in memory, dwell on it without a start of horror.

1886，Robert Louis Stevenson，The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde:


wait for

waits for (third-person singular present)
waiting for (present participle)
waited for (past participle)

Wait for the light to change before you cross the street.

过马路前要等信号灯变颜色。

What are you waiting for?

And now we're waiting for the very same people to establish GBR, drive through urgently needed fares reform, and come up with imaginative and effective train operating contracts...

2022年January12日，Nigel Harris，“Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL，期 948，頁 3:


all over the place

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-all over the place.ogg

at random

乱七八糟，前后矛盾；胡乱，随意；前言不搭后语

They started firing all over the place.

In Genoa there are stray cats all over the place.

I've been looking for you all over the place.

I couldn't believe it. “This is insane! You don't know what you're getting into, Dad. We can't have lots of people swarming all over the place. You're supposed to be getting rest.”

2004，Ruth Ozeki，All Over Creation，Penguin, →ISBN，頁 267:


call the shots

calls the shots (third-person singular present)
calling the shots (present participle)
called the shots (past participle)

In today's health care system, insurance companies call the shots. They pick whom they cover and how they cover them. They can cut off your benefits when you need your coverage the most. They are in charge.

1994年January25日，Bill Clinton，William Jefferson Clinton's Second State of the Union Address:

Myanmar's Shan state, which borders both China and Thailand, is the wild wild east. And in many parts of the state, it's well-armed ethnic militias, not Myanmar's military, who call the shots.

2019年July4日，Michael Sullivan，“In Myanmar, Methamphetamine, Synthetic Drug Production Soars”, in NPR.org:

The conventional wisdom in Washington is that Iran’s elections are insignificant. Regardless of who wins, the argument goes, in the end, it’s the supreme leader who calls the shots.

2021年June22日，Ali Vaez, Dina Esfandiary，“The Hard-Liners Won in Iran. That’s Not All Bad News.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


push someone's buttons

pushes someone's buttons (third-person singular present)
pushing someone's buttons (present participle)
pushed someone's buttons (past participle)

尤其用于仅影响这个人而非其他人的动作。

惹怒某人，惹恼某人； 激起某人性欲； 引诱某人作出激烈反应

You really knew how to push my buttons.

I end up cleaning up after her, which I’ve repeatedly told her makes me upset. She’s a smart, talented kid. So why does she keep pushing my buttons?

2019年April10日，Cheryl Maguire，“How to Stop Thinking Your Teen Is ‘Pushing Your Buttons’”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


dressed to kill

She's a scented magazine/Looking sharp and living clean/Living well and dressed to kill/But she looks like hell to me

2000，Tré Cool （作曲作詞）, “Fashion Victim”, in Warning，演出者 Green day:

During the 1980s, its vivid streetlife became a symbol of the “consumer socialism” that distinguished Hungary from other Eastern Bloc states, but Budapesters today are rather less enamoured of Váci: dressed-to-kill babes and their sugar daddies would rather pose in malls, and teenagers can find McDonald's anywhere, leaving Váci utterly dependent on tourists for its livelihood and bustle.

2002，Charles Hebbert, Dan Richardson，The Rough Guide to Budapest，第2nd版, London: Rough Guides, →ISBN，頁 73:


mustachioed

The Greek stocks and fever were at their highest, when a cargo from Missolonghi of turbaned and mustachioed gentry arrived, and cast anchor in the river.

1831，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XIV, in Romance and Reality. […]，卷 I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC，頁 137:

One of the intruders, a mustachioed bug-eyed man with unkempt long hair, looked over the woman and asked for money and jewelry.

1988，Jay Robert Nash，Murder among the rich and famous, →ISBN:

I noticed a short, well built man with cropped dark hair who wore a mustachioed goatee; I watched him as he stepped off the elevator.

2012，Thaddeus Deluca，At Bully Hills: Confessions of an American Oxycontin Addict, →ISBN，頁 219:

With a trembling hand, the mustachioed man opens the breast pocket of his uniform, takes out his I.D., and hands it over.

2012，Fr. Henryk Maria Malak，Shavelings in Death Camps, →ISBN:


JFK

常在以这位总统命名的公共建筑物的非正式名称中作定语。

各种以该词俗称的建筑物、设施、船舶、桥梁、高速公路等，尤指

约翰·肯尼迪国际机场（John F. Kennedy Airport），位于纽约。

I flew into JFK, then took a cab to my hotel in Manhattan

我飞到JFK机场，然后坐出租到我在曼哈顿的宾馆。

Fortunately, most of these were former French colonies, and through a combination of quiet diplomacy and well-placed French nationals in the various air-traffic-control centers, the 300-mile-long stream of American aircraft flew the width of Africa as uneventfully as a red-eye flight from LAX to JFK.

1994，Tom Clancy，Armored Cav: A Guided Tour of an Armored Cavalry Regiment，New York: Berkley Books, →ISBN，頁 281:


JFK

JFKs (third-person singular present)
JFKing (present participle)
JFKed (past participle)

杀掉，暗杀 （尤指因政治原因）

I am not saying choosing McCain would necesarrily lead to Kerry getting JFKed but Democratic presidential runners need to be aware of the problem.

2004年April5日，JonZ，“Poll Picks McCain as Kerry's Vice President”, in alt.politics.bush (Usenet):

The way he is decimating the CIA will more likely get him JFKed.

2009年November14日，Eddie Haskell，“Obama resists Pentagon pressure on Afghanistan quagmire - will he be JFKed?”, in alt.fan.rush-limbaugh (Usenet):

If Obama tried to do the right thing he'd be JFKed. If Obama tried to live up to his promises, if he opposed the neocons and military-industrial complex ...

2010年June20日，Johnny Asia，“If Obama tried to do the right thing he'd be JFKed”, in alt.politics (Usenet):

This may seem a little presumptious, but I feel that this group is pretty much JFKed out.

1991年April19日，Steve Feinstein，“JFK Survey”, in sci.skeptic (Usenet):

I'm going to give 'nobody' the benifit of the doubt , seeing by his own admission that he's been JFKing it for just a couple of months now .

2009年November14日，cdddraftsman，“More indications of the investigative”, in alt.assassination.jfk (Usenet):

The point is that the JFK world is a very polarized world, and it does not reflect the general population. In a word, JFKing can screw-up a person's head. Look at the ridiculous assertion of Robert Harris from the other day where he said that he took Ruby's shooting of Oswald as a clear sign that Oswald was guilty.

2016年August14日，Ralph Cinque，“There are two kinds of people: JFKers and non-JFKers”, in alt.assassination.jfk (Usenet):

有与约翰·肯尼迪类似的政治观点

(from the standard code-word remark "I'm a JFK liberal") Examples: "He's useless...he JFKed a long time ago",

2003年November10日，zepp，“The Wingnut Dictionary”, in talk.politics.misc (Usenet):

JFKing is symbiotically related to the "Even Some Liberals Agree" gambit, since JFKers quickly establish their roles as the reliable house liberals who provide neocons with all their even-some-liberals-agree examples.

2004年October6日，Alex，“OT / Right Wingnut Debate Dictionary”, in alt.true-crime (Usenet):

He could've JFKed all the overweight babes he wanted to and that's that.

2010年May20日，Bill Bonde，“evangelical Repulican quits over sex scandal”, in alt.activism.death-penalty (Usenet):


get a load of

gets a load of (third-person singular present)
getting a load of (present participle)
got a load of (past)
got a load of
gotten a load of

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-get a load of.ogg

常暗示这个事物很惊人或杰出，比如Wow, get a load of this! (“天啊，瞧瞧这个！”)

One night Bernette happened to get a load of Peggy doing a rumba with Jackie.

Get a load of the "eyesome femininity" at the International Casino, as the Times put it.

2004年June13日，David W. Dunlap，“The Crossroads of the Crossroads”, in New York Times，頁 CY3:


water under the bridge

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-water under the bridge.ogg

water over the dam

过去的事 （过去的无可挽回，只能接受、原谅的事）

过去的事 （过去的无可挽回，只能接受、原谅的事）

They agreed that their old disputes were water under the bridge and decided to make a fresh start.

他们同意忘了以前的争吵，重新开始。

Ilsa: It's been a long time.
Sam: Yes, ma'am. A lot of water under the bridge.

1942，Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein, Howard Koch，Casablanca:

Lot of water under the bridge; lot of other stuff, too / Don’t get up, gentlemen, I’m only passing through

2000，Bob Dylan （作曲作詞）, “Things Have Changed”:


Man Upstairs

A rhapsodic inquiry greets us from the TV screen and the radio: "Have you talked to the Man Upstairs?" God is a friendly neighbor who dwells in the apartment just above. Call on him any time, especially if you are feeling a little blue.

1972，Harold Edward Fey，The Christian Century Reader:

"Oh, you know, the Man upstairs has been good to this person." I kept on pressing for an explanation. Finally I was told, "Oh, you know, the Man upstairs—He's the One who answers prayer."

2000，Lee Roberson，Diamonds in the Rough:

God can't be found in unsanctified imaginations or in the caricatures of pop culture. He is not The Man Upstairs. He does not "help those who help themselves."

2007，Ellen Santilli Vaughn，Time Peace: Living Here and Now with a Timeless God:


there be

补充词there源自古英語 þær，用于放在英语曾使用的动词第二顺位的第一个位置。

就近原则：当引入多于一个名词短语时，动词变位对应于第一个名词短语的单复数。There is a swing and a seesaw for kids.
有一个秋千和一个跷跷板给孩子们玩。

If there be any thing ILL in the Univerſe from Deſign, then that which diſpoſes all things, is no one good deſigning Principle.

1749, Anthony Ashley Cooper Shaftesbury, Characteristicks of Men, Manners, Opinions, Times, J. Baskerville, page 8:

Unless there be some lesion of the stomach, there is no blood, either microscopic or occult.

1907, Southern Society for Clinical Investigation, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences, J.B. Lippincott, Co., page 627:

There ought to be representation on the broad basis of population and public discussion with open doors and free debate. . . . Nor should there be any constraint upon the opinions of any of the members of the Diet or upon their right of publishing them, even though such would meet with opposition from without.

1988，John S. Doskey, William Maclure，The European Journals of William Maclure, →ISBN，頁 204:

There may be people with drug or alcohol problems who may go into withdrawal.

1996，Diane Meyers，Disaster Response and Recovery: A Handbook for Mental Health Professionals, →ISBN，頁 75:

I just want to know the truth, you are expressing your concerns, but I also want there to be some candor between us.

1999，Christopher Shays，“Hearing Before the Subcommittee on National Security, Veterans Affairs, and International Relationsof the Committee on Government Reform”, in Anthrax Immunization Program, →ISBN，頁 35:


tsundere

借自日語 ツンデレ (tsundere)，源自つんつん (tsun-tsun，“漠不关心地”，副词) + でれでれ (dere-dere，“含情脉脉地”，副词)。

I usually draw very peaceful, happy manga, so it has been a real challenge for me to illustrate the vice president's death glare and Ri-chan's subtle tsundere attitude.

2008，Kio Shimoku，Kujibiki Unbalance 1，Del Rey/Ballantine Books, →ISBN，unnumbered 頁:

Even Kaname's rude and overbearing tsundere personality is explained by her having gone to school in the United States where she was socialized to just bluntly say what she thought.

2010年August14日，David Johnston，“Full Metal Panic: One Night Stand”, in rec.arts.anime.misc (Usenet):

Despite his apparent power, the boy behaves with uncharacteristic meekness toward the formidable tsundere Misato Tachibana, whose grotesquely distorted romantic feelings for Koujirou almost invariably result in her shooting him all over the school with heavy weaponry (which seems to spring out of nowhere).

2012，Dani Cavallaro，Kyoto Animation: A Critical Study and Filmography，McFarland & Company, →ISBN，頁 157:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:tsundere。


heartwrenching

more heartwrenching (comparative)
most heartwrenching (superlative)

The interview with Sarah Mohess was both heartwrenching and inspiring.

2007年September23日，“In a Tough City, Almost an Adult; An Active Approach to Psychic Change (4 Letters)”, in New York Times:


sob story

悲惨的故事，伤感故事 （尤指用来引起人同情的）

"Dis picture is called De Tale o' Two Cities, and it's de French revolution. It's about a feller vot takes anodder feller's place and gits his head cut off; and say, dere's a sob story in it vot's a vunder."

1922，Upton Sinclair，章號 14, in They call Me Carpenter:

Mr. Martin objected at first to the bastardization of my talent, but I gave him a sob story about needing money for lessons.

2006，Keith Donohue，The Stolen Child, →ISBN，頁 56:


lay claim

lays claim (third-person singular present)
laying claim (present participle)
laid claim (past participle)

Spencer University lays claim to the recently published discovery.

Argentina also lays claim to what is now Queen Elizabeth Land, as well as to other South Atlantic dependencies including South Georgia and the uninhabited South Sandwich Islands.

2013年January3日，Luke Harding, Uki Goni，The Guardian:


come to grips with

comes to grips with (third-person singular present)
coming to grips with (present participle)
came to grips with (past)
come to grips with (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-come to grips with.ogg

Until she comes to grips with her mother's death, she has no hope of putting it behind her.

On Thursday, Robert A. Iger, Disney’s chief executive, put the sale of the company’s “noncore” channels, including ABC and FX, on the table. He called the decline in traditional television “a reality we have to come to grips with.”

2023年July15日，Brooks Barnes，引 Robert A. Iger, “In Hollywood, the Strikes Are Just Part of the Problem”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


anyone's guess

拿不准的事情，大家都不知道的事情

It was a disappointing way for the game to finish, with Sagna guilty of leaning his head in towards Zabaleta's after a challenge by the touchline, though what the Argentine did to warrant a dismissal is anyone's guess.

2011年January5日，Jonathan Stevenson，“Arsenal 0 - 0 Man City”, in BBC:


confrontational

more confrontational (comparative)
most confrontational (superlative)

/ˌkɒnfɹənˈteɪʃənˈəl/

对峙的；（尤指）咄咄逼人的，挑衅的

It was Liverpool who once again carried the momentum after the break and the recalled Rio Ferdinand was booked for a foul on Suarez, whose confrontational approach and brilliant natural ability was proving hard to handle.

2011年October15日，Phil McNulty，“Liverpool 1 - 1 Man Utd”, in BBC Sport:


pleasantries

Signora Caterina thought it could. Weak, yet cunning—vain, yet conscious of having outlived her attractions—with one of those tempers which we conceive to be the true interpretation of the old fairy tale, where out of the mouth of the party proceeded snakes, toads, locusts, and other pleasantries.

1831，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XI, in Romance and Reality. […]，卷 III, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC，頁 221:


get a word in edgewise

edgewise和edgeways (“边缘向着移动方向地”)是比喻用法，比喻插话者能够进入的间隙很小。

gets a word in edgewise (third-person singular present)
getting a word in edgewise (present participle)
got a word in edgewise (past)
got a word in edgewise
gotten a word in edgewise

/ˌɡɛt ə ˈwɜːd ɪn ˈɛdʒwaɪz/

/ˌɡɛt ə ˈwɝd ɪn ˈɛdʒwaɪz/

Everyone was talking at once. I couldn’t get a word in edgewise.

大家都同时说了起来，我插不上话。

The converſation at breakfaſt began on reading, which ſhe ſaid ſhe was extremely fond of, and Joſeph, her ladyſhip, and my papa, fell into ſuch a deep diſcourſe, that I verily thought they would never have finiſhed; for, believe me, I was quite out of patience, as neither mama nor I, could ſo much as put a ſingle word in edgewiſe; for they might as well have talked Greek to us, and we ſhould have underſtood them much the ſame.

[1778 December，“[Original Letters. Miss Clifford to Miss Granby.] In Continuation.”, in The Lady’s Magazine; or, Entertaining Companion for the Fair Sex, Appropriated Solely to Their Use and Amusement，London: Printed for G[eorge] Robinson, […], →OCLC，頁 652，列 1:

Accordingly she was exceedingly elevated; alternately singing pieces of hymns in a hobbling broken voice, having lost her teeth, breaking out into incoherent exclamations, and relating parts of her experience; while I had not room, which indeed I did not much require, to get a word in edgewise.

1822，[James Colman]，“Letter VIII. The Contrast.”, in Walks in the Country; or, Christian Sketches of Scenery, Life, and Character, in Familiar Letters，London: Printed for the author; published by James Nisbet, […], →OCLC，頁s 100–101:

We help him push his Nash down the street, then drink awhile and talk with Evelyn a beautiful blonde woman that young Ron Blake wants and even Dave Wain wants but she's got her mind on other things and taking care of the children who have to go to school and dancing classes in the morning and hardly gets a word in edgewise anyway as we all yak and yell like fools to impress her tho all she really wants is to be alone with me to talk about Cody and his latest soul.

1962年September11日，Jack Kerouac，章號 13, in Big Sur，New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Cudahy, →OCLC; 再版為 Big Sur (Penguin Modern Classics)，London: Penguin Books, 2012, →ISBN:

源自the women who write to her, Cokie Roberts has observed, "I get the feeling that the country is full of women who've never gotten a word in edgewise when the men talk politics."

1996，Louis Baldwin，“Cokie Roberts: Political Commentator (1943– )”, in Women of Strength: Biographies of 106 who have Excelled in Traditionally Male Fields, A.D. 61 to the Present，Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Company, →ISBN，頁 177:

I sat there, letting his voice run on. Even if I'd wanted to, I couldn't have gotten a word in edgeways. Perhaps if life continued thi way, I would gradually lose the faculty of speech, [...]

1999，Zena Collier，章號 3, in A Cooler Climate，Lincoln, Neb.: toExcel Press, iUniverse, →ISBN，頁 24:

I only included the interview because it is revealing of Javanese gender relationships. The young dancer is muted and hardly gets a word in edgeways, as the (male) troupe leader and her mother hijack each question and provide answers which are sometimes contradictory.

1999，Felicia Hughes-Freeland，“Dance on Film: Strategy and Serendipity”, in Dance in the Field: Theory, Methods and Issues in Dance Ethnography，Basingstoke, Hampshire, New York, N.Y.: Palgrave Macmillan, →DOI, →ISBN, part II (Methodological Approaches)，頁 117:

[W]hen interacting with a member of a cultural group used to taking longer to reflect on what to say next, native English speakers virtually prevent this person from getting a word in edgewise. We feel compelled to fill the "uncomfortably long" silence with words.

2003，Sylvia Helmer, Catherine Eddy，“ESL Learners and Communication”, in Look at Me when I Talk to You: ESL Learners in Non-ESL Classrooms (Pippin Teacher’s Library; 39)，Toronto, Ont.: Pippin Publishing Company, →ISBN，頁 48:

Stanton stood up. It seemed the only way of getting a word in edgeways.

2014，Ben Elton，章號 5, in Time and Time Again，London: Black Swan, Transworld Publishers, →ISBN，頁 57:

Betsy rang me every now and then, but I couldn't get caught up in the 'fight' like she did. Besides, if I got a word in edgeways during each call I'd be lucky.

2014，Emma O’Reilly, with Shannon Kyle，“Old Wounds”, in The Race to Truth: Blowing the Whistle on Lance Armstrong and Cycling’s Doping Culture，London: Bantam Press, →ISBN，頁 248:

She must have nattered on for half an hour. Everyone else was gone when I finally got a word in edgewise and escaped.

2015 February，Eva Gates，By Book or by Crook (A Lighthouse Library Mystery)，New York, N.Y.: Obsidian, New American Library, →ISBN，頁 313:


sunup

“Shagbark, that was risky on your part; even where it lies it is much closer than I like, for we shall all have to see it in the morning.”
“No, you won’t; it’ll be gone afore sunup.”

1909，Edward S. Ellis，Alden the Pony Express Rider:


piehole

源自pie + hole。由史蒂芬·金在其1983年所作恐怖小说《克丽斯汀》内所造。

“You trying to help your buddy right out of here, Junior?” “No,” I said. “Sir.” “Then shut your pie-hole.”

"[T]hey kin always do a mouth transplant on ya. Be a big improvement over the piehole you was born with."

2007，David Sherman, Dan Cragg，Firestorm, →ISBN，頁 258:


brownnose

拍马屁的人，阿谀奉承者，马屁精

A workmate reported the matter, "which is why the worker threatened to beat up the latter," calling him a "brownnose" and threatening to "wipe the floor with him."

1997，Ulrich Herbert，Hitler's foreign workers: enforced foreign labor in Germany under the Third Reich，Cambridge University Press，頁 126:

'I know, he's a natural brownnose. I guess he does have some talents.'

2007，Felicity Young，An Easeful Death，Fremantle Press，頁 13:

You don't have to be such a brownnose, at least not to me.

2010，Joseph Morse，Gods of Ruin: A Political Thriller,，頁 46:


slasher movie

(常指包含折磨、血腥镜头的） 恐怖片

Two girls, watching a slasher movie about a psycho in an Edvard Munch Scream mask who calls girls at home and then stabs them to death, get a call from a psycho who shows up in a Scream mask and stabs them to death.

2011年April15日，Richard Corliss，“Movies: Scream 4 — The Ultimate Shriekquel”, in Time:


take the edge off

takes the edge off (third-person singular present)
taking the edge off (present participle)
took the edge off (past)
taken the edge off (past participle)

Allen Gregory DeLongpre: You know what? Let's forget all the mishegoss and try to enjoy our lunch, huh? Take the edge off.

2011 Allen Gregory, "Pilot" (season 1, episode 1):

She knew better than to drink from the bar, but she'd been so thirsty, and she needed something to take the edge off.

2011，Allison Brennan，Kiss Me, Kill Me: A Novel of Suspense，頁 1:


skulk

源自中古英語 skulke, skulken，源自北日耳曼語支，对比丹麥語 skulke (“逃避，偷懒”)、瑞典語 skolka (“偷懒”)。

A skulk of foxes, a cowardice of curs are tonight’s traffic whispering in the yards and lanes.

1973，Thomas Pynchon，章號 1, in Gravity’s Rainbow，Penguin, 出版於 2000，頁s 59–60:

A skulk of fox padded daintily over a stream-slashed meadow, and a herd of deer like iron ornaments stood stock still in their winter pelage.

2007，Millard Kaufman，章號 19, in Bowl of Cherries，San Francisco: McSweeney’s Books，頁 128:

一群狐狸一样狡猾，阴险的人

[…] a skulk of priests flapped out of the Church of San Geronimo, and women kneeling at novena put away their beads […]

1972，R. M. Koster，章號 43, in The Prince,，New York: Morrow，頁 320:

The law was served by a skulk of informers, who traded their whispers to the royal foresters and woodwards, who gilded their tales for the verderers and regarders, who presented the guilty to the forest Justices.

1982，Richard Girling，“1160: Chivalry”, in The Forest on the Hill，New York: Viking，頁 69:

[…] they went on, down the road, staggering, and shouldering each other, like a skulk of Jacobean villains.

2000，John Banville，Eclipse，New York: Knopf, 出版於 2001, Part 5, p. 190:

Ten days after the attacks, a skulk of insurance executives met with President Bush and Commerce Secretary Donald Evans to press for the creation of a multibillion-dollar government safety net to limit their exposure to future terrorist incidents.

2004，Micah L. Sifry, Nancy Watzman，章號 24, in Is That a Politician in Your Pocket?，Hoboken, NJ: Wiley，頁s 200–201:

动词的名词化形式 鬼鬼祟祟地走

A part of their company, who had been sent out on a skulk, had not returned, and great anxiety was felt lest they had fallen into an ambush and been captured.

1857，Jacob S. C. Abbott，History of King Philip, Sovereign Chief of the Wampanoags，New York: Harper, Chapter , p. 369:

There was only the danger that his horse might lame himself in the night; but then he could go back in the hills and make a skulk on foot.

1902，Frederic Remington，章號 18, in John Ermine of the Yellowstone，New York: Macmillan，頁 246:

Willie knew that the time was propitious for a skulk across Hall, thence into the class-room of Mr. Beach.

1922，Henry Williamson，“The Opening of the Flower”, in Dandelion Days，London: W. Collins，頁 120:

That gave him three or four more hours of darkness in which to plan an escape more sensible than a skulk to the hut next door.

2012，Katherine Boo，Behind the Beautiful Forevers，New York: Random House, Prologue, p. xix:

His gait was something between a slouch and a skulk.

1987，Lloyd Alexander，章號 5, in The Illyrian Adventure，New York: Dell，頁 32:

Romen had developed a kind of strut to replace his former skulk.

2003，Toni Morrison，Love，New York: Knopf，頁 109:

动词的名词化形式
逃避，规避 （责任等）

[They took] good care […] to swing their hammocks as far abaft as possible, for the twofold purpose of having a skulk in their watch below at night, and to keep clear of the sprays, which usually pour down the gratings […]

1859，George Little，章號 3, in The American Cruiser’s Own Book，Philadelphia: J.B. Smith，頁 36:

“This nonsense won’t do for me, you know; if you want a skulk, you had better pack off back to the house.”

1867，James Greenwood，章號 15, in Humphrey Dyot，卷 1, London: Sampson Low, Son, and Marston，頁 224:

Bidwell is not the only one who feigns paralysis; many poison their flesh by inserting in it copper-wire or worsted; others swallow ground glass, eat poisonous insects, swallow soap and soda, or slightly maim and disable themselves. Anything by which they can secure a skulk, and escape from what Mr. Carlyle has wisely called the “sacredness of work.”

1879，anonymous author，章號 7, in Convict Life; or, Revelations Concerning Convicts and Convict Prisons，London: Wyman & Sons:

“I shall do my duty, Mr. Jackson,” replied Newton, “and fear no consequences.”
“Indeed! you saw how I settled a skulk just now;—beware of his fate!”

1832，Frederick Marryat，章號 16, in Newton Forster; or, The Merchant Service，卷 1, London: James Cochrane，頁 238:

Toward evening there was something to be done on deck, and the carpenter who belonged to the watch was missing. “Where’s that skulk, Chips?” shouted Jermin down the forecastle scuttle.

1847，Herman Melville，章號 4, in Omoo，New York: Harper，頁 32:

If you should ever need help, my son, let this be your rule—‘never ask it from the man who deserted his country in her hour of need.’ The soldier’s child will find no mercy from a skulk, depend on it.

1872，Sallie F. Chapin，章號 7, in Fitz-Hugh St. Clair, the South Carolina Rebel Boy，Philadelphia: Claxton, Remsen & Haffelfinger，頁 75:

An exempt, a skulk, or one upon whom rested the faintest suspicion of evading duty or shrinking in the critical hour of impending battle, was the special object of his wrath.

1906，Henry E. Shepherd，Life of Robert Edward Lee，New York: Neale, Part 3, p. 62:


skulk

skulks (third-person singular present)
skulking (present participle)
skulked (past participle)

Stephen's craze for physical culture increased, and now it began to invade the schoolroom. Dumb-bells appeared in the schoolroom bookcases, while half worn-out gym shoes skulked in the corners.

1928，Radclyffe Hall，章號 6, in The Well of Loneliness，London: Jonathan Cape, →OCLC; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Covici Friede Publishers, October 1932, →OCLC, book 1, section 5，頁 60:

He has been seen with her, by one whom he would not know, at Cuper’s Gardens; dressed like a Sea-officer, and skulking, like a thief, into the privatest walks of the place.

1753，Samuel Richardson，The History of Sir Charles Grandison，London, Volume 4, Letter 38, p. 266:

Noble brother, I am
Not one of those men who in words are valiant,
And when it comes to action skulk away.

1800，Friedrich Schiller，譯者 Samuel Taylor Coleridge, The Piccolomini, or The First Part of Wallenstein，London: Longman and Rees, act V, scene 4，頁 196:

Fully a dozen of the citizens had seen him hastening toward the woods and noted his skulking air [...]

1904，Paul Laurence Dunbar，“The Lynching of Jube Benson”, in The Heart of Happy Hollow，New York: Dodd, Mead，頁 233:

They are paid about three shillings a day for ten hours’ work—it is hard work, especially in windy weather, and there is no skulking, for an inspector comes round frequently to see that the men are on their beats.

1933年January9日，George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair]，章號 33, in Down and Out in Paris and London，London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:


look the part

looks the part (third-person singular present)
looking the part (present participle)
looked the part (past participle)

If you want to be a successful business person, you have to look the part.

你想做成功的商务人士的话，你就要仪表得体。

We were going to cast him in our new movie but unfortunately he didn't look the part.

我们本来想找他出演我们的新电影，但是他外貌不太合适。

Turner looked assured, picking out his men at the lineouts, while Redpath was seeing plenty of the ball and also looked the part as the Scots probed for opening.

2021年February6日，Graham Bean，“Scotland beat England at Twickenham for the first time in 38 years”, in The Scotsman:


add insult to injury

派生自公元前一世纪的菲得洛斯寓言。寓言中，有一个秃子打落在自己头上的苍蝇，但却给了自己的头一击。苍蝇说：“你因为我碰了你你就想杀我，那你现在在伤口上撒盐（added insult to injury），你要对自己做什么呢？”首个英语内的措辞记载出现于18世纪中叶。

adds insult to injury (third-person singular present)
adding insult to injury (present participle)
added insult to injury (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-add insult to injury.ogg

To add insult to injury,...

As if the hostile takeover weren't enough, to add insult to injury they scrapped ninety percent of our products and replaced them with their own.

恶意收购还不够，他们还雪上加霜，把我们百分之九十的产品都换成了他们的。

[...] the line crossed over an iron bridge spanning Ludgate Hill itself [...] neatly obliterating any view of St Paul's from Ludgate Circus and Fleet Street. A thousand people had put their names to a petition against the bridge. To add insult to injury it carried a small thicket of railway signals as well as regular steam trains.

2012，Andrew Martin，Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube，Profile Books, ISBN 978-1846684777，頁 52:


wig out

wigs out (third-person singular present)
wigging out (present participle)
wigged out (past participle)

Oh no, you didn't! You called me a what? / Don't make me wig out / How you gonna let some shit like that slip out your mouth?

2003，“Let Me Watch”, in Vaudeville Villain，演出者 Viktor Vaughn ft. Apani B. Fly:

An organist wigged out like Rick Wakeman, the diamante lapels of Humza Yousaf’s kilt jacket sparkled, and out in the Mall, the procession began.

2023年May6日，Rachel Cooke，“It was ludicrous but also magnificent: the coronation stirred every emotion”, in The Guardian:


wig out

“Let’s get high!” say Quill, Saturday’s opening act and maybe the most obscure name on the bill. They are also awful. They Live The Life lasts a leaden, eight minutes, ending in a percussive wig out with the band sarcastically chanting: “You’re so free!” This was played during one of the brief sunny spells, but you wouldn’t know it.

2019年August15日，Bob Stanley，“'Groovy, groovy, groovy': listening to Woodstock 50 years on – all 38 discs”, in The Guardian:


send someone packing

sends someone packing (third-person singular present)
sending someone packing (present participle)
sent someone packing (past participle)

拒绝某人，回绝某人；赶走某人

[T]he parliament, to their immortal honour, presently sent him packing.

c. 1695，Dr. Robert South，“To Archbishop of Dublin”, in Sermons, Vol. III:

Two ladies called one day, pale and anxious, and begged earnestly, humbly, to be allowed to see Mr. Moore one instant: Mrs. Yorke hardened her heart, and sent them packing.

1849，Currer Bell [筆名; Charlotte Brontë]，章號 32, in Shirley. A Tale. […]，卷 (請指定|volume=I、II或III), London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC:

"Monsieur, you and yours are not for me. Seek elsewhere." . . .
"You send me packing!" he blurted out, getting red in the face.

1904，Gilbert Parker，章號 2, in Michel and Angele:

[L]eague authorities sent him packing after ruling he was registered with a fake Dominican passport under circumstances that remain murky.

2014年June14日，Anne Marie Garcia，“Cuba ballplayers chase dreams, big bucks, overseas”, in Businessweek, retrieved 2014-07-08:


hand someone his hat

hands someone his hat (third-person singular present)
handing someone his hat (present participle)
handed someone his hat (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-hand someone his hat.ogg

有时用被动语气，如：have one's hat handed to one或get one's hat handed to one

McNeil replied, "It may have been Hitler who helped Chamberlain with his overcoat but don't forget it was the British people who handed him his hat."

1948年November27日，Drew Pearson，“The Washington Merry-go-round”, in Ludington Daily News，US, retrieved 2015-11-10，頁 4:

You grew up under dictators who would have put people to the sword if they dared hand them their hats and invite them to buzz off.

1972年July25日，Bob Considine，“Letter to Kremlin”, in Reading Eagle，US, retrieved 2015-11-10，頁 4:

The President's men, nonetheless, view him the way the Vatican saw Galileo—as a dangerous heretic. . . . They would hand him his hat if they dared.

1984年February6日，Mary McGrory，“Feldstein doggedly speaks his mind”, in Eugene Register-Guard，US, retrieved 2015-11-10，頁 15A:


sophism

源自中古英語 sophim，源自古法語 soffime、sofime、sofisme、sophisme，源自拉丁語 sophisma (“谬误，诡辩”)，源自古希臘語 σόφῐσμᾰ (sóphĭsmă)，源自σοφίζω (sophízō) + -μα (-ma)。

Within the framework of democracy a new ideology, born of sophism, took root and proclaimed the rights of the individual in all spheres, political as well as moral.

1958，Sophie Trenkner，The Greek Novella in the Classical Period，頁 15:

Empiricism has its roots in Greek and Roman sophism and skepticism, and continues through Kant and American pragmatism.

2003，Murray Leaf，“Ethnography and Pragmatism”, in Renascent Pragmatism: Studies in Law and Social Science, →ISBN，頁 92:

Sophistic teachers did not, in general, consciously aim at corrupting the young or turning them against their parents, but the radical skepticism and moral relativism of later sophism indirectly achieved something like this.

2009，Richard M. Berthold，Dare to Struggle: The History and Society of Greece, →ISBN，頁 75:

The hope of improvement is a quality at once so strong and so excellent in the human mind, that I, for one, disapprove of any sophism—or, if you will, argument—that tends to repress it.

1831，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XIX, in Romance and Reality. […]，卷 I, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC，頁 232:


grow on

grows on (third-person singular present)
growing on (present participle)
grew on (past)
grown on (past participle)

I didn't like this song at first, but now it's starting to grow on me.

我一开始不喜欢这首歌，但是现在越来越喜欢。

Blinking and swallowing, she checked her list of questions. “What are some of your favorite outdoor and indoor activities?” “Well, whale watching is growing on me.”

2015，Jenny Elliott，Save Me，Macmillan, →ISBN，頁 82:

"I can tell you now, Sam. […] When you left me last night, the whole deadly seriousness of the matter grew on me, till I was as miserable as a man can be." His face lightened as I spoke.

1902，Bram Stoker，章號 XVIII, in The Mystery of the Sea:

Realisation grew on me / As quickly as it takes your hand

2014，“Hunger of the Pine”, in This Is All Yours，演出者 alt-J:


get a rise out of

gets a rise out of (third-person singular present)
getting a rise out of (present participle)
got a rise out of (past)
got a rise out of
gotten a rise out of

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get a rise out of.ogg

He's just doing it to get a rise out of you. Just ignore him.

1985，John Hughes，The Breakfast Club，spoken by Claire Standish (Molly Ringwald):

Ahmadinejad is no simpleton. . . . His Holocaust denial is a flagrant ploy—the easiest way to get a rise out of the Jewish community.

2007年September26日，Joe Klein，“Inflating a Little Man”, in Time:


make nice

makes nice (third-person singular present)
making nice (present participle)
made nice (past participle)

And now he had to go make nice with the good doctor's grandma.

1999，Gina Wilkins，Doctor in Disguise，頁 18:

[H]e either had to make nice with the guards or make nice with the prisoners. And frankly, the way the prisoners made nice scared the bejeesus out of him.

“A jackass? I'm trying to make nice.” “I don't need your nice. Go make nice with Angela.”


transpire

借自中古法語 transpirer，源自中世紀拉丁語 transpirare (“通过...呼吸”)，源自拉丁語 trans (“穿过”) spirare (“呼吸”)。“为人所知”一意也出现于法语内，但是“发生”没有。可能后者是在英语内基于前者衍生出来的。

transpires (third-person singular present)
transpiring (present participle)
transpired (past participle)

sweat

出汗，排汗 （17-19世纪）

perspire

出汗，排汗 （17-19世纪）

come to light

为人所知，公开，透露出来 （自18世纪）

词义“发生”可能产生于对“为人所知”一意的误解，后者又是原意“散发出”的一个比喻义。一些评论家认为这样的用法是错误做作的，不应使用。但是，这个用法可追溯回18世纪，且自19世纪以来即已普及。

为人所知，公开，透露出来 （自18世纪）

It eventually transpired that the murder victim had been a notorious blackmailer.

最后发现，谋杀案死者是一个恶名昭彰的勒索者。

Hubert then recommends M. Leproux to be punctual to meet him at the rendezvous agreed on between them, where a third individual, whose name did not transpire, was to join them.

1839，Edmund Burke，The Annual Register of World Events:

Although I was prevented from attending the 1952 annual conference, I was immediately informed as to what had transpired.

1994，Nelson Mandela，“Part Four: The Struggle is My Life”, in Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela，Boston, Mass.: Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN，頁 166:

But there is a school of thought that holds that the more you talk about recession, the more likely it is to transpire.

2018年September21日，Mark Rice-Oxley，“Don't mention the R-word”, in The Guardian:


park-goer

Cobble Hill Park Lush dogwood trees, bright yellow and cream-colored daffodils, and a wrought-iron fence provide an atmosphere of privacy and seclusion to the Brooklyn park-goer.

2008，Joseph Meyers，Inside New York 2009, →ISBN，頁 278:


keep tabs on

见tab (“用来记录的小板子”)。

keeps tabs on (third-person singular present)
keeping tabs on (present participle)
kept tabs on (past participle)

If you are careful to keep tabs on your finances, you should be able to stay within a budget.

The police kept close tabs on him during the holidays.

He might have spent the hours camped under the trees of the more remote meadow, whence in the brilliant moonlight he could keep tabs on the trails.

1910，Stewart Edward White，章號 85, in The Rules of the Game:

I'll catch him—I'll trip him up—I'll keep tabs on his arguments.

1919，Lucy Maud Montgomery，章號 16, in Rainbow Valley:

Syria's much feared state-security apparatus keeps close tabs on everyone entering and leaving the embassy.

2010，Andrew Lee Butters，“Why the U.S. Is Back on the Road to Damascus”, in Time:

Nadal, absent from the draw for the first time nearly two decades, said he won’t watch it all from afar, but he will be keeping tabs.

2023年May18日，Christopher Clarey，“Even as He’s Out, Rafael Nadal Will Always Be a Part of the French Open”, in The New York Times:


put the cart before the horse

puts the cart before the horse (third-person singular present)
putting the cart before the horse (present participle)
put the cart before the horse (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-put the cart before the horse.ogg

The hour had struck; and with it, as always, appeared the man. So it has ever been in the history of the world; though we, with characteristic vanity, uniformly put the cart before the horse, and declare that it is the man that brings the hour.

1898，Julian Hawthorne，章號 1, in The History of the United States:

To attempt to remove the armaments before removing these substantive conflicts of interest is to put the cart before the horse.

1957年December2日，“Corruption of the Mind”, in Time:

Mr. Schumer said that the idea of agreeing to a date for a vote before the committee had held hearings was "to put the cart before horse."

2005年July27日，David D. Kirkpatrick，“Timing of Hearings and Vote Stalls Confirmation Talks”, in New York Times, retrieved 2008-11-06:


sardonic

源自法語 sardonique，源自拉丁語 sardonius，源自古希臘語 σαρδόνιος (sardónios)，σαρδάνιος (sardánios，“尖酸刻薄的笑”)的变体，被认为源自撒丁岛的一种植物（撒丁岛毛茛（Ranunculus sardous）或者藏红花色水芹（Oenanthe crocata）），作σαρδάνη (sardánē)或σαρδόνιον (sardónion)。据称食用这种植物会导致人的面部扭曲成像蔑视的表情（之后通常会死亡）。可能还与σαίρω (saírō，“露齿笑”)有关。

more sardonic (comparative)
most sardonic (superlative)

He distances himself from people with his nasty, sardonic laughter.

他的笑讨厌而轻蔑，让大家都疏远他了。

[Q]Uivering fears, Heart-tearing cares, / Anxious ſighs, Untimely tears, / Fly, fly to the Courts; / Fly to fond worldings ſports, / Where ſtrain’d Sardonick ſmiles are cloſing ſtill, / And grief is forc’d to laugh againſt her will; / Where mirth’s but mummery, / And ſorrows only real be.

1685，Henry Wotton，“[A Deſcription of the Countrys Recreations.] Poems Found among the Papers of Sir Henry Wotton”, in Reliquiæ Wottonianæ, or, A collection of Lives, Letters, Poems; […] ，第Fourth版, London: […] B[enjamin] Tooke, […] and T[homas] Sawbridge […] , →OCLC，頁s 390–391:

Another manifestation, significantly reaching its apogee in the midst of Antonine virtues, was the growing popularity of adoxographical exercises. Mock panegyrics were dashed off, not just by sardonic intellectuals such as Lucian, but also by trained courtiers and polished encomiasts of the stamp of [Marcus Cornelius] Fronto.

1979，Studies in Latin Literature and Roman History [Collection Latomus; 164]，卷 1, Brussels: Latomus, →OCLC，頁 111:


fiefdom

The duke's fiefdom had been greatly expanded as a reward for his dutiful military service on behalf of the king.

"If you wish to offer any of my vassals fiefdoms or positions in your new kingdom, they have my leave to accept. I promised them that when they came with me."

1989，Robert Shea，The Saracen，The Holy War:

“[Bill Clinton] was just walking around, looking in all the offices, like he was surveying his fiefdom. He had a big grin on his face.”

2008，David Maraniss，First In His Class: A Biography Of Bill Clinton，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN:

Hollande told cheering supporters in his rural fiefdom of Corrèze in south-west France that he was best-placed to lead France towards change, saying the vote marked a "rejection" of Sarkozy and a "sanction" against his five years in office.

2012年April23日，Angelique Chrisafis，“François Hollande on top but far right scores record result in French election”, in The Guardian:

Bankrupt cryptocurrency exchange FTX was run as the “personal fiefdom” of founder Sam Bankman-Fried, with one of the company’s units spending $300m on real estate in the Bahamas for the use of its executives, a court heard on Tuesday.

2022年November22日，Dominic Rushe，“FTX was run as ‘personal fiefdom’ of Sam Bankman-Fried, court hears”, in The Guardian:


loose lips sink ships

略自一个美国战时的宣传标语。

Loose Lips Sink Ships, said the wartime poster. Of course the ships will all sink anyway, sooner or later.

2000，Margaret Atwood，The Blind Assassin，Anchor, 出版於 2007, →ISBN，頁 448:

‘Loose lips sink ships,’ she spat at Dad once, when they were arguing about Grandpa, but ‘loose lips killed our son.’

2014，Crystal Chan，Bird，Random House, →ISBN，頁 59:


get a kick out of

gets a kick out of (third-person singular present)
getting a kick out of (present participle)
got a kick out of (past)
got a kick out of
gotten a kick out of

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get a kick out of.ogg

高兴于，喜欢，从...得到乐趣

I really got a kick out of that clown's juggling act.

我觉得那个小丑的杂技特别好玩。

Some get a kick from cocaine / I'm sure that if I took even one sniff / That would bore me terrifically too / Yet I get a kick out of you

1934，Cole Porter （作曲作詞）, “I Get a Kick Out of You”:


go nuclear

goes nuclear (third-person singular present)
going nuclear (present participle)
went nuclear (past)
gone nuclear (past participle)

In this context, the humiliating defeat of 1971 and the Indian nuclear test were major factors in the Pakistani decision to go nuclear.

2000，Hooman Peimani，Nuclear Proliferation in the Indian Subcontinent, →ISBN，頁 28:

A decision to go nuclear has important adverse diplomatic repercussions as well. Trying to build a nuclear arsenal is not the way to win friends in the international community.

2008，Ted Galen Carpenter，Smart Power: Toward a Prudent Foreign Policy for America, →ISBN，頁 111:

This agreement codified nuclear apartheid, leaving in place three types of nuclear states: the five recognized nuclear powers (the United States, Britain, China, France, and the Soviet Union), NATO and Warsaw Pact allies with access to nuclear weapons but not ownership, and a large class of non-nuclear states who renounced their right to go nuclear.

2010，Shane J. Maddock，Nuclear Apartheid, →ISBN:

Now the cost-benefiters calculated nuclear power to be a more efficient investment than building more coal-fired plants, which put them in agreement with the technological optimists on the question of whether to go nuclear.

1997，Robert Pool，Beyond Engineering: How Society Shapes Technology, →ISBN:

However, once we bite the bullet and decide to go nuclear again, it will take at least a decade before new plants start coming on line.

2005，A.W. Galston, Christiana Z. Peppard，Expanding Horizons in Bioethics, →ISBN，頁 240:

When US energy policy went nuclear, about the same time as some large mines flooded in Canada and Australia, hedge fund speculators dived into the market and uranium shot up to US$138 a pound, settling back eventually to about half that price, but still almost ten times the US$7 low.

I suppose what he is worried about is epitomized by a conversation that I had ten years ago with the Executive Vice President of a utility that was going nuclear.

2013，George G. Berg，Measurement of Risks, →ISBN，頁 338:

Some have suggested that nuclear disarmament will increase the chance that conventional wars will occur since nation states will no longer be deterred by the thought that wars can go nuclear.

1984，Douglas P. Lackey，Moral Principles and Nuclear Weapons, →ISBN，頁 236:

This paper does not deal with nuclear terrorism as Thomas Schelling once defined it — namely being he 'balance of nuclear terror' between the major nuclear weapon state - but rather refers to terrorist groups going nuclear.

2012，Paul Wilkinson，Technology and Terorrism, →ISBN，頁 48:

The best place to be if things went nuclear was in a bomb shelter.

2015，Dean Marquis，Roxanne of Dark Energy: A Construct of Science Fiction, →ISBN:

“We cut the show short, and the brothers went nuclear on me afterward,” said Sammy. “They crucified me for that."

2011，Kevin Dodds，Edward Van Halen: A Definitive Biography, →ISBN，頁 150:

He snickered. Janelle was going nuclear. “Why didn't you tell me?” she shouted.

There's barely a week that goes by without me going nuclear about something or other to do with middle age as portrayed in the media.

2015，Helen Walmsley-Johnson，The Invisible Woman: Taking on the Vintage Years, →ISBN:

Years ago, the sport spread from New Zealand to Australia—and went nuclear. Overnight, it seemed, Australia boasted 40 tracks, which were promptly divided into several warring factions.

1999 November，Ted West，“Kicking and Screaming”, in Boating，頁 114:

As if the release of her emotions had freed something in him, his ardor increased and the kiss went nuclear.

2011，Lucy Monroe，The Sheikh's Bartered Bride, →ISBN:

But the fever pitch went nuclear when the Ramones took the stage.

2015，Marky Ramone, Richard Herschlag，Punk Rock Blitzkrieg: My Life as a Ramone, →ISBN，頁 358:

“They don’t want to deal with this,” Ms. Lalich said. “It’s going to have to go nuclear, using the Insurrection Act and bringing out the military.”

2020年December12日，Hailey Fuchs, Pranshu Verma, Nicholas Bogel-Burroughs，“4 Stabbed and One Shot as Trump Supporters and Opponents Clash”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


rein in

reins in (third-person singular present)
reining in (present participle)
reined in (past participle)

The government has no other option than to rein in public spending.

政府不得不减少公共开支。

“As you are well aware, over the last few months we’ve made a considerable effort to rein in costs, but it simply hasn’t been enough,” Daniel Ek, Spotify’s chief executive, said in a note to employees on Monday.

2023年January23日，Isabella Simonetti，引 Daniel Ek, “Spotify to Lay Off 6% of Its Work Force”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


knock for a loop

knocks for a loop (third-person singular present)
knocking for a loop (present participle)
knocked for a loop (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-knock for a loop.ogg

throw for a loop

使...惊讶，使...困惑，使...动摇，使...犹豫

throw off

使...惊讶，使...困惑，使...动摇，使...犹豫

使...惊讶，使...困惑，使...动摇，使...犹豫

[Denham answered] "Gas bombs, Old Man! My own prescription. […] Gas bombs powerful enough to knock a row of elephants for a loop."

1932，Delos W. Lovelace，King Kong，出版於 1965，頁 7:

[A] triple threat to the U.S. economy[…]has knocked stock prices for a loop.

1967 November 17，“Wall Street: Big Casino”, in Time, retrieved 2014-08-02:

Poor Janice, she'll be knocked for a loop. She'll feel she's let her father down.

1990，John Updike，Rabbit at Rest, →ISBN，頁 394:

Karyn McNay as Ulla, the sexy Swedish actress/receptionist/cleaning woman, knocks the audience for a loop too.

2008 September 7，Anita Gates，“Stage: Dinner and a Show, in One Spot, at One Price”, in The New York Times, retrieved 2014-08-02:


afforest

16世纪起可考。源自中世紀拉丁語 afforēstō，源自拉丁語 ad (“向”) + forēsta (“森林”)。

afforests (third-person singular present)
afforesting (present participle)
afforested (past participle)

“afforest”曾意指将林地纳入森林法下，使其变成狩猎场。但现在一般指为了经济开发目的。

After we leave the quarry, we intend to afforest the land and turn it into a nature reserve.

我们离开采石场后，打算把那片地绿化成森林，变成自然保护区。

It is probably impossible to afforest quickly any real desert.

1901年June7日，G. H. Davies，“Rain-making”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record，卷 4, 期 7，頁 195:


dimwitted

My memories of high school and college French are mostly negative because I usually felt dimwitted anytime I tried to speak.

2010年December19日，Terry Gardner，“The Gift of Foreign-language Learning”, in The Chicago Tribune, retrieved 2013-04-17:


hindsight is 20/20

20/20指的是使用斯内伦视力表测视力时的正常视力水平。

Another common error dealing with memory is that of "hindsight bias." This is the tendency to exaggerate what could have been anticipated in the past. This is also known as "Monday morning quarter backing" or "hindsight is 20/20" where the "right" decision as to what should have been done appears to be more obvious now than it was in the past.

2009，Joseph Grcic，Facing Reality: An Introduction to Philosophy，第Revised版, Bloomington, IN: AuthorHouse，頁 57:

Honestly? If you would have told me that becoming a professional tennis player might net me a decent supply of free pasta, I would have never begged my mom to quit my lessons. 😭 Hindsight = 20/20.

2023年July30日，Gretty Garcia，“Coco Gauff Is Still a Teenager, but Her Net Worth Reveals That She’s Already a Millionaire”, in Cosmopolitan:


undulating

more undulating (comparative)
most undulating (superlative)

上下晃动的，起伏的，波浪一样的

The Borinage coalfield around Mons is another attractive area for the railway enthusiast; it is rather like South Lancashire, with its gently undulating landscape studded with slag heaps and pithead gear and criss-crossed by railway lines and tramways.

1960 February，J. N. Faulkner，“The Belgian Railways today”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 86:


undulating

In good poetry every word and phrase, as Professor McKail says, reverberates like the sound of a lyre, and leaves after it numberless undulatings. The verse exhales sweet sound, and light-like thought, as perfumes do; but we cannot explain just why.

1930，John Thomas Ingram Bryan，The Philosophy of English Literature，頁 27:


transmogrify

17世纪，词源不详，但可能源自transmigure、transmigrate。但还可能派生自maugre，因此一开始可能指“凶眼”，但受到了上一个词源的影响，其词义变换为“变形”。还有一种可能性是transfigure和modify的合并。

transmogrifies (third-person singular present)
transmogrifying (present participle)
transmogrified (past participle)

/tɹænzˈmɒɡɹɪfaɪ/

/tɹænzˈmɑɡɹɪfaɪ/

Our present Governors (who have transmografide Monarchy into a Free State) ...

1652，n.a. [Isabel Yeamans]，The Year of Wonders，London: George Horton，頁 10:

Just set the dial to "Calvin", and I'll transmogrify back to a boy.

1987年April2日，Bill Watterson，Calvin & Hobbes (comic):

But 'Hamilton,' directed by Thomas Kail and starring Mr. Miranda, might just be about worth it—at least to anyone who wants proof that the American musical is not only surviving but also evolving in ways that should allow it to thrive and transmogrify in years to come.

2015年August5日，“Review: `Hamilton,' Young Rebels Changing History and Theater”, in The New York Times:


get down to brass tacks

不详。字面意思是「黄铜钉子」。最早记录出现于1863年美国德克萨斯。一个理论认为，其源自五金店或布店的柜台上用来以准确单位量布的黄铜钉子（而不是用一边放在鼻子前，另一边放在伸长的手臂上来近似量出一码）。还有一种说法是，其源自19世纪通行于美国的用黄铜钉子在棺材上写出死者名字的做法。再有一种说法是，美国西部早期用黄铜钉子来装饰枪托的习惯。用黄铜是因为其不会生锈而且易于抛光。根据作家Stanley Vestal的说法，“钉在步枪上的黄铜钉子记录了死在枪口下的受害者的数量。黄铜钉子。”

gets down to brass tacks (third-person singular present)
getting down to brass tacks (present participle)
got down to brass tacks (past)
gotten down to brass tacks (past participle)
got down to brass tacks (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get down to brass tacks.ogg

When you come down to brass tacks – if we may be allowed the expression – everybody is governed by selfishness.

1863, January 21, 1863, The Tri-Weekly Telegraph, newspaper of Houston, Texas

That's no answer. Get down to brass tacks.

Let's get down to brass tacks here. How much for the ape?

1972, Hunter S. Thompson, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas: A Savage Journey to the Heart of the American Dream

We're gonna stop playing games with these Arabs and get down to brass tacks!

You must be Jules, which would make you Vincent. Let's get down to brass tacks, gentlemen. If I was informed correctly, the clock is ticking. Is that right, Jimmie?

1994，Quentin Tarantino, Roger Avary，Pulp Fiction，spoken by The Wolf (Harvey Keitel):

And if the government got a grip, got down to brass tacks and started doing their actual job, all these things could be avoided.

2023年April2日，Pippa Crerar, Robyn Vinter，引 Lisa Nandy, “Suella Braverman denies Brexit to blame for Dover queues of 14 hours”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


jerkwad

And frankly, jerkwad, you're not worthy to lick the dirt off his briefcase.

2001，William Bernhardt，Murder One，Ballantine, →ISBN，頁 110:

Hidge said, "Someone with a license, jerkwad."

2001, Bill Roorbach, The Smallest Color, Counterpoint, 2003 pbk ed., ISBN 1-5824-3252-X, p. 222:

You're not crazy, just extremely annoying. Go soak your head, jerkwad.

2003年December16日，“Confidentials”, in Weekly World News，頁 23:


keep at arm's length

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-keep at arm's length.ogg

Ramsey's goal secured the points, but the win came on the back of a measured performance that saw Arsenal keep Dortmund at arm's length for long periods and score with a classic counter-attack.

2013年November6日，Chris Bevan，“Borussia Dortmund 0-1 Arsenal”, in BBC Sport:


make tick

makes tick (third-person singular present)
making tick (present participle)
made tick (past participle)

I honestly don't know the specifics that make him tick, and I wish I did.

2005，Cherie Priest，Four and Twenty Blackbirds, →ISBN，頁 91:

Most of us find ourselves caught in the middle, ducking for cover and wondering just who these people are and what could possibly make them tick.

2012，Kevin Seamus Hasson，The Right to Be Wrong: Ending the Culture War Over Religion in America, →ISBN:

I wanted to roam the world, exploring what made it tick, helping to make it tick better, and never get married.

2013，Betty Lussier，Intrepid Woman: Betty Lussier's Secret War, 1942-1945, →ISBN:


glutton for punishment

sucker for punishment

不怕吃苦的人，坚持不懈的人，百折不挠的人

不怕吃苦的人，坚持不懈的人，百折不挠的人

I should have quit this job long ago, but I guess I'm just a glutton for punishment.

我早就该辞掉这份工作，但是我觉得我这人可能比较不怕吃苦。

Other gluttons for punishment include Phil Whittingham，源自Avanti West Coast, who has returned for four events in a row.

2021年October6日，Paul Bigland，“The hills were alive... again”, in RAIL，期 941，頁 54:


go to great lengths

goes to great lengths (third-person singular present)
going to great lengths (present participle)
went to great lengths (past)
gone to great lengths (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-go to great lengths.ogg

The most surprising thing was to discover that each job had its little tricks, peculiarities that had been learned in the experience of years, and one of the really pleasing features was the unlimited patience and kindliness of the chargehands and fitters, who would go to great lengths to teach the budding engineer all they themselves knew.

1944 September and October，A Former Pupil，“Some Memories of Crewe Works—I”, in Railway Magazine，頁 283:

[…] They said good-bye on the eleventh, and the Portuguese noblemen saw him off, going to great lengths to show him respect."

2008, José Rodrigues does Santos, Codex 632: The Secret Identity of Christopher Columbus (trans. from the Portuguese by Alison Entrekin), William Morrow (2008), ISBN 9780061173189, page 262:

Most scholars writing on the mafia were going to great lengths to demonstrate that it did not exist—and the mobsters wanted to keep their brotherhood secret.

2009，Diego Gambetta，Codes of the Underworld: How Criminals Communicate，Princeton University Press, 出版於 2009, →ISBN，頁 272:

As a father, I would go to great lengths to protect my children.

2013，Chad R. Torgerson，Waking Up Catholic: A Guide to Catholic Beliefs for Converts, Reverts, and Anyone Becoming Catholic，Assisi Media, 出版於 2013, →ISBN，頁 62:


soapbox

soap + box。比喻用法是因为美国的肥皂产品常用大木箱运到商店内，以前，常有人看到可以站上去的东西（比如这些肥皂箱子）就站上去开始向附近居民发表即兴演讲。

观点发表平台；临时演讲台

The madman obtained a soapbox which he stood on at the corner of Broadway and Wall street, to shout out his prophesy of the end of the world.

那个疯子站在百老汇和华尔街角落，大喊大叫宣传他的世界末日预言。

The one image which the word “Socialist” brought to Jurgis was of poor little Tamoszius Kuszleika, who had called himself one, and would go out with a couple of other men and a soap-box, and shout himself hoarse on a street corner Saturday nights.

1905，Upton Sinclair，章號 XXV, in The Jungle，紐約，N.Y.: Doubleday, Page & Company, 出版於 1906年2月26日, →OCLC:

Bernhard's last appearance on a late-night talk show was a handy soapbox to expound on his political message of patriotism, nationalism, and populism.

2013，Robert F. Ely，Candidate for President, →ISBN，頁 25:


soapbox

soapboxes (third-person singular present)
soapboxing (present participle)
soapboxed (past participle)

（站在某处）发表临时演讲

He soapboxed for whales and pressed us to write petitions and demonstrate with him—he as the leader, we as followers.

2011，Phil Wolfson，Noe: A Father-Son Song of Love, Life, Illness, and Death，North Atlantic Books, →ISBN:

[…] and various members soapboxed in Hyde Park on Sunday.

2015，Marc Matera，Black London: The Imperial Metropolis and Decolonization in the Twentieth Century，University of California Press, →ISBN，頁 80:


all hell breaks loose

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-all hell breaks loose.ogg

可作为固定句子使用，也可以有时态等的变化。

Came not all hell broke loose?

1667，John Milton，“(please specify the book number)”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

I think it's kind of fun because, had Hillary Clinton spoken at the Democratic Convention, all hell would have broken loose.

1992年August19日，“Beckel, Barnes and Rollins Discuss the Republican Convention”, in CBS Morning:

It was a shocking attack, and within hours all hell had broken loose.

2023年November26日，Rory Carroll，Lisa O'Carroll，“‘Remember who we are’: riots, race, and the end of the ‘Irish welcome’”, in The Observer, →ISSN:


out of kilter

源自out of + kilter、kelter (“（良好的）条件，秩序，条理；状态”)。最后一个词词源不详，但在英国和美国是方言用词。

还能与throw连用，如“an impact can throw the adjustment out of kilter”（“撞击会让这些调整完全混乱”）。

不正常的，不协调的，混乱的，失去条理的，失灵的，故障的

I stayed up late to watch a movie, and my entire sleeping schedule has been out of kilter ever since.

我熬夜看了一部电影以后，我的作息规律就完全被打乱了。

Aye, ſquire, that thing [a statue of Hercules] has been fixt in this ſpot I warrant you theſe hundred years; it was ſadly out of kilter when I came to the eſtate, but I got my neighbour the conſtable, who is a carpenter, to make him that right arm, and put the ſtaff into it, for I could not bear to ſee ſuch a clumſy log as he had in it before; [...]

1762，[Susan Smythies]，“Presents the Reader with a Prospect of the Sullens”, in The Stage-coach: Containing the Character of Mr. Manly, and the History of His Fellow Travellers，Dublin: Printed by Henry Saunders […], →OCLC，頁 140:

Wall, chilern, whar dar is so much racket dar must be somethin' out o' kilter. I thik dat 'twixt de niggers of de Souf and de womin at de Norf, all talkin' 'bout rights, de white men will be in a fix pretty soon.

1851年May29日，Sojourner Truth, reported by Frances D[ana] Gage，“Ohio [Reminiscences by Frances D. Gage. Sojourner Truth. [Ain’t I a Woman?]]”, in History of Woman Suffrage. [...] In Three Volumes，卷s I (1848–1861), Rochester, N.Y., London: Susan B. Anthony; Charles Mann […], 出版於 1887, →OCLC，頁 116:

[T]hey are either round-shouldered, knock-kneed, bow-legged, or parrot-toed; some are also badly cross-eyed. It seems as if they can see two different ways at the same time. Jack says they are lop-sided and out of kilter altogether.

1890，Charles Erskine，章號 V, in Twenty Years before the Mast: […]，Boston, Mass.: Published by the author, →OCLC，頁 72:

Snowstorms often knock the Government's Salt Lake radio range out of kilter.

1941年March10日，“An Airliner Cracks Up in Pine Woods near Atlanta and Seven People Die”, in Life，卷 10, 期 10, Chicago, Ill., New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC, photograph caption，頁 27:

This was a champion team out of kilter, stung by what was arguably an act of disrespect to their opponents, a failure to appreciate their threat and the fine planning of Carlos Osorio, and never really able to regain its balance.

2018年June17日，Barney Ronay，“Mexico’s Hirving Lozano stuns world champions Germany for brilliant win”, in The Guardian，London: Guardian News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2019-08-05:


grind to a halt

grinds to a halt (third-person singular present)
grinding to a halt (present participle)
ground to a halt (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-grind to a halt.ogg

Work on the new high-rise ground to a halt as contractors tried to deal with all the red tape.

After the visionary's death, work on his ideas ground to a halt.

But to no avail - the suburban (Sunday) service ground to a halt, with only 20 of the 268 motormen turning up for work on Boxing Day [1949]. Kempton Park races lost 10,000 visitors, with the cancellation of 12 extra race day trains.

2023年December27日，David Turner，“Silent lines...”, in RAIL，期 999，頁 29:


chalk up to

chalks up to (third-person singular present)
chalking up to (present participle)
chalked up to (past participle)

Chalk it up to fear that he didn't finish.

将他没有完成归因于恐惧。

“You can chalk it up maybe to, as one of my friends says, a nautical superstition,” he said. “Maybe I read too many Greek tragedies. I don't believe something’s going to happen like that until it’s happened.

1990年October5日，“Souter plans to get right down to work”, in Fort Worth Star-Telegram，卷 85, 期 154, section 1，頁 14:

Some of the best pre-mortems for Steve Ballmer, out-going CEO of Microsoft, have chalked up the company's problem to the "innovator's dilemma."

2013年August28日，Derek Thompson，“How Goliaths Beat Themselves: Microsoft's Mobile Failure and the Innovator's Dilemma”, in The Atlantic:


shack up

shacks up (third-person singular present)
shacking up (present participle)
shacked up (past participle)

The only thing I want to do after the war is marry some girl who's got more money than I have and shack up with lots more pretty girls.

1961年November10日，Joseph Heller，“The Soldier in White”, in Catch-22 […]，New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC，頁 173:

So I don't believe in alimony, okay, love? / Though I think we'd ought to / Shack up baby, shack up

The other rumor flying around thicker 'n flies on a three-day-old carcass is that new redheaded cook, Rory, is shacked up with you.


come off

comes off (third-person singular present)
coming off (present participle)
came off (past)
come off (past participle)

Well that is precisely what I did, and as I had never heard of using gloves and veil in connection with bees I suppose I came off lightly with one sting on the tip of the nose.

1952，British Bee Journal & Bee-keepers Adviser，卷 80，頁 466:

It came off as we expected.

And then the wedding came off, and the king gave a grand feast which lasted for many a day, and if they have not done feasting by this, why they are still at it.

1886，Peter Christen Asbjørnsen，譯者 H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales，頁 61:

‘I was never frightened of any job yet,’ he said, ‘and I'd do this job to-night if the house was full of rozzers,’ Hill pretended that he wasn't particular whether the thing came off or not that night, but all the while he kept egging Fred on to do it.

1916，Arthur J. Rees, John R. Watson，The Hampstead Mystery:


side hustle

But think of this side hustle as an opportunity to do something you love to do.

2015年December14日，Carl Richards，“Your Most Valuable Asset Is Yourself”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

“I love the side hustle. It allows you to do something that your job does not allow you to do.”

2017年March31日，Rob Walker，“Headphones Won’t Solve the Problem of a Chatty Colleague”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

The majority of Americans with a side hustle are young millennials,[…]

2017年August11日，“Survey: 44 million Americans have a “side hustle””, in WSPA 7NEWS:

He wrote on Twitter that the submissions were largely “driven by ‘side hustle’ experts making claims of easy money with ChatGPT.”

2023年February23日，Michael Levenson，引 Neil Clarke, “Science Fiction Magazines Battle a Flood of Chatbot-Generated Stories”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


smooth-talking

more smooth-talking (comparative)
most smooth-talking (superlative)

By the time the campaign was finished, you never saw a quicker, more smooth-talking political animal than Afram Milovan.

1988，Owen Sela，The KGB Candidate, →ISBN，頁 261:

Children are an increasingly attractive target for ID thieves, in part because they're easy prey for smooth-talking predators in chat rooms, and because the crime can go undetected for years.

2005，Dan Tynan，Computer Privacy Annoyances, →ISBN:

In another case, a young woman, a smooth-talking, parasitic psychopath, constantly complained to her friends that her parents were not contributing enough to her already lavish lifestyle.

2011，Robert D. Hare，Without Conscience: The Disturbing World of the Psychopaths Among Us, →ISBN:

At twenty-one, it was easy for strippers to fall for smooth-talking, married customers.


smooth-talking

Anything is possible, but if you haven't begun talking smooth yet, then I would really like to have a demonstration of what you think smooth-talking is.

2008，Brian Peterson，Move Over, Girl: A Novel, →ISBN，頁 114:

For instance, suppose that smooth-talking is important for business.

2013，David Hulme, John Toye，Understanding Poverty and Well-Being: Bridging the Disciplines, →ISBN:

No more smooth-talking or wheedling or coercing.

2014，Bonnie Dee，The New Leaf Pledge, →ISBN:


elevenses

源自方言词elevens (“11点钟的一餐饭”)。

elevensies

（上午十一点左右的）上午茶

（上午十一点左右的）上午茶

The harvestmen who board in the farm-houses fare sumptuously during the month of harvest.— […] at eleven o'clock in the morning, and four in the afternoon, they have each a large light plum-bun, with a pint of ale a piece, carried into the field, to encourage them to work cheerfully. These extra refreshments they call, in their provincial language, their "elevenses" and "fourses." I could not at first imagine what the servants meant by talking of carrying the harvestmen their elevenses and fourses, till Mrs. Henley explained that it was a vulgar abbreviation of the four-o'clock and eleven o'clock meals.

1837 February，Anna Lee，“The Pinch of Salt”, in The Ladies’ Companion: A Monthly Magazine, Embracing Literature and the Arts, […]，卷 VI, New York, N.Y.: Published by William W. Snowdon, →OCLC，頁 162，列 2:

"In Europe," said Ghosh Babu who read a great deal, "they all stop work at eleven to have tea or coffee or cocoa, or some stronger beverage; they call it elevenses." / […] ["]Ghosh Babu, how long time they get for elevenses?" / "About half-an-hour," replied Ghosh with authority. […] / "We get no time off for elevenses," complained Sambamurthy. "We should bring it up before the Clerks' Association."

1989，Khushwant Singh，“Man, How the Government of India Run!”, in The Collected Short Stories of Khushwant Singh，New Delhi: Ravi Dayal Publisher, →ISBN，頁 96; 再版為 “Book Extract: They also Serve …”, in Sunday，卷 18, 期 4, Calcutta: Ananda Bazar Patrika, 2 January – 2 February 1991, →OCLC，頁s 75–76:

Even in these tough economic times when many employers seem hell-bent on sucking any and all vestiges of pleasure out of the daily existence of the average working stiff, some things remain sacrosanct. Chief among them is the partaking of elevenses. Even if we spend the majority of our lives glued to a desk, staring at a computer screen or in meetings pretending we care about the interpretation of a spreadsheet, the break for a hot drink and a little snackette between breakfast and lunch is a covenant between Britain and God.

2010，Simon Majumdar，“Elevenses”, in Eating for Britain: A Journey into the Heart (and Belly) of the Nation，London: John Murray, →ISBN:

Betjeman, who was a bit of a gricer, wrote: "I know of no greater pleasure for elevenses in London than to sit in this tea place and watch the trains arrive and depart."

2021年January13日，Christian Wolmar，“Read all about London's Cathedrals of Steam”, in RAIL, issue 922，頁 63:


break in

breaks in (third-person singular present)
breaking in (present participle)
broke in (past)
broken in (past participle)

Someone broke in and stole his radio.

有人闯进来偷了他的收音机。

Thousands gathered at São Paulo’s main cathedral and made their way to the mayor’s office, where a small group smashed windows and tried to break in, forcing guards to withdraw.

2013年June18日，Simon Romero，“Protests Widen as Brazilians Chide Leaders”, in New York Times, retrieved 2013-06-21:

While brothel patrons placed their bets / On who would be the first to break her in

2002，Allison Moorer （作曲作詞）, “Ruby Jewel Was Here”, in Miss Fortune:


pitch in

pitches in (third-person singular present)
pitching in (present participle)
pitched in (past participle)

If we all pitch in, we can raise enough money for the renovation of the church.

我们每个人都帮忙的话，我们就能为教堂的翻新筹到够多的钱。

He spent 20 minutes one afternoon describing the club he'd formed with other teenagers in his Brooklyn neighborhood. They'd each pitched in a buck a month to rent the basement of a mallet factory, which they used as a clubhouse.

2008 October，Davy Rothbart，“How I caught up with dad”, in Men's Health，卷 23, 期 8, →ISSN，頁 112:


read between the lines

reads between the lines (third-person singular present)
reading between the lines (present participle)
read between the lines (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-read between the lines.ogg

If you read between the lines a little, you will realize that he has deeper motives.

如果你稍微多想想，你就会懂他有更深层的动机。

“I’m quite of your opinion,” Miss Van Vluyck came briskly to her support; “on condition, that is, that all grossness of language is avoided.”
“Oh, I’m sure we shall understand without that,” Mrs. Leveret tittered; and Laura Glyde added significantly: “I fancy we can read between the lines,” while Mrs. Ballinger rose to assure herself that the doors were really closed.

“Trust is as trust does. I tend to be extremely literal in what I say … One does not [need]^([sic]) to read between the lines. One can simply read the lines,” Musk said in the meeting, according to a tweet from Nola Weinstein, Twitter’s global head of brand experiences and engagement.

2022年June16日，Kari Paul，引 Elon Musk, “In rare move, Elon Musk meets Twitter employees to give ‘freedom of speech’ address”, in The Guardian:


fall on deaf ears

falls on deaf ears (third-person singular present)
falling on deaf ears (present participle)
fell on deaf ears (past)
fallen on deaf ears (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-fall on deaf ears.ogg

Every time I ask him to do something for me, it falls on deaf ears.

每次我叫他干什么，都被当成耳旁风。

My earlier warnings, both in RAIL and in an article I wrote for The Times, have not fallen on deaf ears. There are many people (I suspect most) in the [rail] industry who recognise that telling people not to use their trains will cause lasting damage, but they are silenced publicly because they are now taking the Government's shilling.

2020年June17日，Christian Wolmar，“The strategy of 'don't use the railways' must be reversed...”, in Rail，頁 44:


titubant

源自法語 titubant，tituber 的現在分詞，源自拉丁語 titubāre (“蹣跚”)，titubō 的現在主動不定式。

more titubant (comparative)
most titubant (superlative)

To these, by the door L. C., the CURATE and the NOTARY, arm in arm; the latter owl-like and titubant

1896，Robert Louis Stevenson，Macaire, act i, scene 2 (stage directions):

His walk had become titubant.

1928，Acta Psychiatrica et Neurologica，卷 3，頁 65:

her feet showed the typical Friedreich's deformity; her speech was drawling and monotonous; her gait was staggering and titubant

1948，Karl Pearson，Treasury of Human Inheritance: Nervous Diseases and Muscular Dystrophies，頁 253:


way out of a paper bag

可能源自类似he couldn't punch his way out of a paper bag (“他连一个纸袋子都打不穿”)之类的短语

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-way out of a paper bag.ogg

（不能...）一点，最基本的...都（不）会

My boss is so clueless, he couldn't schedule his own way out of a paper bag.

我老板是真的没用，连日程都安排不清楚。

Junior varsity couldn't play their way out of a paper bag in comparison.

The old chap did not look as though he could push his way out of a paper bag.

1923，Asia，卷 23, American Asiatic Association，頁 281:

Personally I don’t think this egg could punch his way out of a paper bag. He’s only been workin’ in this trap two days

1924，Harry Charles Witwer，Love and Learn，G. P. Putnam's sons，頁 260:

“You'd hate his cooking[,” he said.]
 “Most guys can't cook their way out of a paper bag[,” Charlotte said.]

2014，Allie Peter，Saved by the Fireman，頁 105:


way out of a wet paper bag

After four weeks, I gave up [Econ] in disgust, muttering that the clown teaching it couldn't teach his way out of a wet paper bag.

2003，James J. Cramer，Confessions of a Street Addict，頁 16:


uphill battle

词语搭配包括fight an uphill battle和be an uphill battle。

“It is an uphill battle,” said Dr. Uzma Syed, an infectious disease specialist in Jericho, N.Y., on Long Island, who for months has been giving vaccine education talks to national and international groups.

2021年October11日，Jan Hoffman，引 Uzma Syed, “Boosters Are Complicating Efforts to Persuade the Unvaccinated to Get Shots”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


two and eight

I didn't get home until two in the morning, and me missus got herself into a right two and eight over it!

我到了凌晨两点才回家，我老婆肯定担心死了！

Suddenly, to his horror, Mr Candy found himself in what Ma would have called a terrible two-and-eight.


penny-pinching

more penny-pinching (comparative)
most penny-pinching (superlative)

If there is an overall lesson, it is that train quality should be seen as part of the battle against climate change, with penny-pinching specifications robustly opposed as a false economy.

2021年July14日，Anthony Lambert，“Grand designs on superior interiors”, in SAIL，期 935，頁 49:


see fit

sees fit (third-person singular present)
seeing fit (present participle)
saw fit (past)
seen fit (past participle)

认为...合理，认为...恰当

Shepard: Don't tell me how to do my job!
Tevos: You are free to act as you see fit, Commander. Our role is to offer guidance and advice.
Sparatus: It's up to you if you're smart enough to listen.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Normandy SR-1:

[Harry] Kane was the victim in incidents plucked straight from the world of wrestling in each half, and on neither occasion did any of the officials – on the pitch or in the VAR booth – see fit to intervene in what were obvious penalties.

2018年June18日，Phil McNulty，“Tunisia 1 – 2 England”, in BBC Sport，存檔自the original on 2019-04-21:


cut loose

cuts loose (third-person singular present)
cutting loose (present participle)
cut loose (past participle)

失控，没有约束 狂欢，纵情

Cut loose, let your hair down honey
Unwind, turn the lights down low
Relax, let's uncork the stopper
Come to papa, come on let's go

失控，没有约束 无拘无束

England cut loose at the end of the half, Ashton, Mark Cueto and Mike Tindall all crossing before the break.

2011年February12日，Mark Orlovac，“England 59-13 Italy”, in BBC:

Torpedoes were loosed, but the range was too short for them to actually arm, and they bounced harmlessly off the ship as it cut loose with its secondary and antiaircraft guns, smashing anything that it could see.

2021年March10日，Drachinifel，片头起14:43, in Guadalcanal Campaign - The Big Night Battle: Night 1 (IJN 3(?) : 2 USN)，存檔自the original on 2022-10-17:


brick up

bricks up (third-person singular present)
bricking up (present participle)
bricked up (past participle)

The chest was bricked up into the wall.

We've encountered servers bricked up into secret rooms many times, but never a UPS hidden behind a locked door.

2020年December11日，Richard Speed，“Oh, no one knows what goes on behind locked doors... so don't leave your UPS in there”, in The Register，存檔自the original on 2022-01-20:

She’s got a little meat along her lats and femur muscles that bricks me up more.

2023，Lula White，Drink You (Explore Men of the Hamptons; 3)，Lula White Books, →ISBN，頁 unknown:


bricked up

* (俚语义项)根据Know Your Meme，由美国的说唱歌手杰克·哈洛造出，出自其在2020年一次与Genius的采访中。见引文。

more bricked up (comparative)
most bricked up (superlative)

Man, this girl got me bricked up.

The female reindeer from the Rudolph claymation series? When I was in preschool, I used to be bricked up watching that shit.

2020年February11日，“Jack Harlow "WHATS POPPIN" Official Lyrics & Meaning | Verified”, in YouTube，上传者：Genius, 说话人：Jack Harlow:

Remember when we would see her on the screen and get bricked up instantly?!?? Hahaha we were some crazy kids!!!

bell pepper (bricked up)

if i was a guy I'd be bricked up 24/7

the guy at the tattoo place when i was getting my knuckle tats said i had tiny delicate fingers and i got bricked up


pocket change

The cost of a wedding is pocket change to a millionaire.

一场婚礼的钱对百万富翁来说就是一点小钱。

I see your money on the floor / I felt the pocket change through all

1982，R.E.M. （作曲作詞）, “Gardening at Night”, in Chronic Town:


doggoned

doggone的另一種寫法。

I could see the bridge was lined with bears
But I didn't have a doggoned dime.

1975，“Convoy”, in C.W. McCall, Chip Davis 作詞, Black Bear Road，演出者 C. W. McCall: