English

English is spoken here as an unofficial language and lingua franca.

在這裡英語算是一種非官方語言和共同語。

How do you say ‘à peu près’ in English?

在英語裡你們如何表達“à peu près”？

English姓氏 原用來表示非凱爾特、非丹麥裔的不列顛人

英吉利，美國印第安納州城鎮名，克勞福德縣縣治，以印第安納州衆議員威廉·海登·英格利希（William Hayden English）命名。


English

源自中古英語 Englisch、English、Inglis，來自古英語 Englisċ (“盎格魯人的；英格蘭的”)，來自Engle (“盎格魯人，日耳曼部落”) + -isċ；等同於Angle + -ish。對比荷蘭語 Engels、丹麥語 engelsk、古法語 Englesche（法語 anglais的來源）, 德語 englisch、西班牙語 inglés，最初來源為原始印歐語 *h₂enǵʰ- (“窄的”)（對比梵語 अंहु (aṃhu, “窄的”)、अंहस् (aṃhas, “緊張；罪惡”)、拉丁語 angustus (“窄的”)、教會斯拉夫語 ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ, “窄的”)）。

[…] severe prohibuit viris suis tum misceri feminas in consuetis suis menstruis, etc. I spare to English this which I have said.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
, page 214 (2001 reprint):

Mamma is an adaptation of a French farce by Mr. Sydney Grundy, made in the time when his chief claim to recognition as a playwright lay in his ingenious aptitude for Englishing the un-Englishable.

1901, The Speaker, the Liberal Review - Volume 3，第 654 頁:

Here, the poems are Englished by twelve different translators

2011, Colin Cheney, 'Where Should I Start with Tomas Tranströmer?':


Danmark

最终源自丹麥語 Danmark。

丹麥（國家名，位於北歐）

For Youth for Christ in Danmark I'm looking for an inernet service provider in Danmark. Please post a reply or mail me I you have some information on this.

致丹麥基督教青年歸主協會：我正在丹麥尋找網際網路服務提供商。如果您有這方面的一些資訊，請給我回覆或發郵件給我。

1995年January12日, Peter Brouwer, “Internet service providers in Danmark?”, 出自 soc.religion.christian.youth-work (Usenet), retrieved 2022-09-30:

Is there a list from running-competitions in Danmark.
I´ll spend my holidays in Danmark, and try to to some competitions in running-sports.

有丹麥賽跑比賽的名單嗎？
我將在丹麥度假，並嘗試參加一些跑步運動的比賽。

1998年January1日, G.Henke, “Running in Danmark”, 出自 dk.sport (Usenet), retrieved 2022-09-30:

:Template:seeMoreCites


Latina

源自意大利語 Latina。

:Template:分類 拉蒂納，意大利拉齊奧大區省份及城市名


Egypt

源自中古法語 Egypte，拉丁語 Aegyptus，古希臘語 Αἴγυπτος (Aíguptos)（參見邁錫尼希臘語 𐁁𐀓𐀠𐀴𐀍 (ai-ku-pi-ti-jo, “埃及人”)），埃及語 ḥwt-kꜣ-ptḥ (字面意思是“卜塔的‘ka’的神庙”，与孟菲斯的卜塔神庙有关”)，发音受阿卡德語 𒄭𒆪𒌒𒋫𒀪 (ḫikuptaḫ)的影响。

埃及（北非国家）。官方名称：阿拉伯埃及共和国（Arab Republic of Egypt）


Thai

借自泰語 ไทย (tai)。Tai和Dai 的同源對似詞。

more Thai (comparative)
most Thai (superlative)


Thai

借自泰語 ไทย (tai)。Tai和Dai 的同源對似詞。

The Bangkok government indicated real concern over the developments in Communist China’s Yunnan province. Thai officials were afraid that Sibsongpanna would be a center where pro-Communist Thai in Southeast Asia would go and where subversive agitation could be directed against outside legitimate governments.

1958, Russell H. Fifield, The Diplomacy of Southeast Asia: 1945-1958, New York: Harper & Brothers, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，第 263 頁:


abstraction

來自中古英語 abstraccyone；來自中古法語 abstraction或來自中世紀拉丁語 abstrāctiō (“分開”)，來自拉丁語 abstrahō (“離開，移開”)。等同於abstract + -ion。


cola

來自尼日爾-剛果語系語言，對照提姆語 kola、曼丁哥語 kola。因飲料「Coca-Cola」讓這個詞廣為人知，也讓「c」代替「k」的拼寫深入人心。


cola

In this part, the author presents a prosodic hierarchy describing syllables, moras, feet, cola and a typology for words and stress.

2008, Alexandre Allauzen, Review of “Mathematical Linguistics” by Andras Kornai:


uva

借自拉丁語 ūva (“葡萄”)。

一類水果，個頭小、汁或肉多、皮薄、內有幾粒種子（如葡萄）


Taurus

源自拉丁語 taurus (“公牛”)。steer和tur 的同源對似詞。

See, see, thou hast shot off one of Taurus' horns.

1592, William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Titus Andronicus Titus Andronicus iv 3


Taurus

源自拉丁語 taurus (“公牛”)。steer和tur 的同源對似詞。


Taurus

源自拉丁語 Taurus ← 古希臘語 Ταῦρος (Taûros)。

:Template:分類 托羅斯山脈，土耳其山脈名


electron microscope

电子显微镜
* 正體: 電子顯微鏡[電機工程]


Uno

來自意大利語 uno (“一”)或西班牙語 uno (“一”)；玩家剩最後一張牌需大喊“uno”。one 的同源對似詞。


Uno

源自日語 宇野 (Uno)或うの (Uno)。


endoneurium

简体: 神经内膜[动物学]

正體: 神經內膜[動物學]


Rose

源自諾曼語，源自日耳曼語族，可能源自原始日耳曼語 *hrod (“名聲”) + *heid (“種，類”)，*hrōþiz。
傳入英格蘭時作Roese / Rohese。後和俗詞“rose”混合，19世紀末和花名又起了聯繫。也可作Rose-/Rosa-開頭人名的暱稱。
* 姓氏可能是源自母名，但更可能是源自住處名（住處旁有玫瑰叢）。

Celia: Therefore, my sweet Rose, my dear Rose, be merry.

:Template:RQ:Shakespeare Like: Act I, Scene II:

源自中古英語的姓氏。:Template:分類


Lizard

1086年《末日審判書》作 Lisart，可能是康沃爾語 Lys Ardh (“高等法院”)的音變，受lizard的影響。

:Template:分類 利澤德半島，在英格蘭康沃爾郡


Orange

奧蘭治河（Orange River），南非河流

奧蘭治，澳洲新南威爾士州城市，以威廉二世（1815-1840年間的奧蘭治親王）命名

奧蘭治，美國新澤西州城市，以威廉三世（1650-1702年間的奧蘭治親王）命名

奧蘭治，美國德克薩斯州城市，橙縣的縣治


Toe

* 非洲姓氏：借自克魯語支，多見於利比里亞和布基納法索。
* 緬甸姓氏：借自緬甸語 တို (tui)。


delusion

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-delusion.wav


corpus

借自拉丁語 corpus。corpse、corps、 和 riff 的同源對似詞。

corpora (plural)
corpuses (plural)
corpusses (plural)
corpi (plural)

简体： 语料库［信息科技］

正體： 語料庫［計算機］

正體： 語料庫［電子計算機］


constipation

來自拉丁語 constīpātiō，來自cōnstīpō。

將東西塞進較小空間的行為


membrane

較晚的中古英語，借自拉丁語 membrāna (“覆蓋身體部位的皮膚或膜”)，源自membrum (“肢體或身體的一部分”) + -āna。membrana 的同源對似詞。

膜；薄膜，包被或分開生物學細胞、組織或其他結構的一薄層組織。它由一個雙層脂肪層及夾在其中的蛋白質分子構成。膜對水和脂溶性物質是可滲的，而對糖分子等極性分子是不可滲的。


Terra

源自拉丁語 Terra。

特拉，羅馬神話中的大地女神


Goll's fibers

#戈尔纤维（从薄束核延伸到小脑蚓部）


anxiety

來自拉丁語 anxietās，來自anxius (“焦慮，掛念，痛苦，動亂”)，來自angō (“悲痛，麻煩”)，與古希臘語 ἄγχω (ánkhō, “窒息”)同族。等同於anxious + -ety。參見anger；angst。

The inquest on keeper Davidson was duly held, and at the commencement seemed likely to cause Tony Palliser less anxiety than he had expected.

1907, Harold Bindloss, 章號 4, 出自 The Dust of Conflict:

But the other, because he's been immersed in arguments, gives the appearance of harbouring considerable anxiety and suspicion that he's ignorant of those matters he presents himself to others as an expert on.

2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 268a.

對某事物的一種不安或苦惱的慾望

焦躁不安的狀態，有胸口悶和胃不舒服的感覺


Olive

拉丁語聖人名 Oliva 的中世紀形式；19世紀隨著以花名植物名作為名字的風潮而復興。姓氏則常與地形有關，常代表了歐洲大陸姓氏（如西班牙語 Oliva）的英語化。

And hear me swear a solemn oath, / That only by thy side / Will I to Olive plight my troth, / And gain her for my bride.

1842, Alfred Tennyson, The Talking Oak [會說話的橡樹]:

"Elspie, I have a thought! The baby shall be christened Olive!"
"It's a strange, heathen name, Mrs. Rothesay."
"Not at all. Listen how I chanced to think of it. This very morning, just before you came to waken me, I had such a queer, delicious dream. [ - - - ] Then I looked up, after awhile, and saw standing at the foot of the bed a little angel—a child-angel—with a green olive-branch in its hand. [ - - - ] "

1850, Dinah Craik, Olive, Chapman and Hall，第 26 頁:

There was Olive, a soft drowsy girl who didn't like me because I called her Olive Oyl. Even after I was made to apologize she didn't like me.

2006, Alice Munro, The View from Castle Rock, Chatto & Windus, →ISBN，第 227–228 頁s:

地方名，位於美國： 社區名，位於加利福尼亞奧蘭治奧蘭治。

地方名，位於美國： 鎮區，非建制社區名，位於印第安納聖約瑟夫。

地方名，位於美國： 非建制社區名，位於密蘇里達拉斯，以一座浸信會教堂命名

地方名，位於美國： 非建制社區名，位於蒙大拿保德河。

地方名，位於美國： 鎮名，位於紐約阿爾斯特，源自聖經中鴿子和橄欖枝的故事

地方名，位於美國： 非建制社區名，位於俄克拉荷馬克里克，源自女子名

地方名，位於美國： 非建制社區名，位於弗吉尼亞斯波特瑟爾韋尼亞。

地方名，位於美國： 非建制社區名，位於西弗吉尼亞波卡洪塔斯。

地方名，位於美國： 美國多個鎮區名，參見奧利夫鎮區。


law

正體: 定律[電機工程]

正體: 法律[電子計算機]


joint

[简体]:接合点[通信]

[正體]:接合點[通訊]

正體: 接合；接頭；接線[電機工程]

正體: 接合點[通訊工程]

正體: 接頭[電子計算機]


enuresis

來自拉丁語 enuresis，來自古希臘語 ἐνούρησις (enoúrēsis)；表面可分析為uresis。


euphoric

more euphoric (comparative)
most euphoric (superlative)

狂喜的、亢奮的、異常亢奮的

In this moment, I am euphoric.

此時此刻，我亢奮到了極點。

Heroin is the most euphoric drug in use today.

海洛因目前在投入使用的藥品中最能振作精神。

1973年, 美國，Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, Treatment and rehabilitation，第 31 頁:

Lin gathered herself, took a moment to rehearse the words in her mind, contacted the L.A. number, and delivered her euphoric news to her agent in person

琳集中了精神，花時間在腦海中反覆重複了語言，聯絡了洛杉磯的號碼，將振奮人心的消息親口講給了她的經紀人聽。


euphoric

能振作精神的藥物、興奮劑


trapezoid

/ˈtɹæpəzɔɪd/


Gut

* 德語、阿勒曼尼語及猶太裔姓氏：Guth 的異體。亦對照 Gutmann。
* 英語本土姓氏：源自名詞 gut。參見 Gott。


constitutional

more constitutional (comparative)
most constitutional (superlative)


hungry

hungrier (comparative)
hungriest (superlative)


geocentric

/ˌdʒiːəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/


image

正體: 像；對象；肖像[電機工程]

简体: 图像[信息科技]

简体：映象[计算机] 一个文件包含所有必备信息用以生成一个现场工作拷贝。(见 disk image, executable image 与 image copy)


access

接近,進入,接近的機會,進入的權利,使用


hea

(香港俚語) 無所事事的


release

正體: 解鎖；解鎖器；釋放；釋放器[電機工程]

简体: 释放[信息科技]

正體: 釋放，鬆開[計算機]

正體: 釋放；發行[自由軟體]

简体: 释放[自由软体]

正體: 釋放；鬆開[電子計算機]


clear

正體: （故障）清除[電機工程]

简体: 清除[信息科技]

正體: 清除[自由軟體]

简体: 清除[自由软体]

正體: 清除[電子計算機]


proxy

正體: 代理；代理伺服器[自由軟體]

简体: 代理[自由软体]

正體: 代理伺服器[電子計算機]


surgery

來自中古英語 surgerie，來自古法語 surgerie，來自拉丁語 chirurgia，來自古希臘語 χειρουργία (kheirourgía)，來自χείρ (kheír, “手”) + ἔργον (érgon, “工作”)。chirurgy 的同源對似詞。

Surgery is often necessary to prevent cancer from spreading.

为防止癌症扩散，手术通常是必需的。

The physician's proper place was in the library, not in the surgery.

医生应该在图书馆里，而不是在手术室里。

2006, Philip Ball, The Devil's Doctor, Arrow, 出版於 2007，第 51 頁:

I dropped in on the surgery as I was passing to show the doctor my hemorrhoids.

我经过医生办公室时，顺便给他看了我的痔疮。


network printer

正體: 網路列印機[電子計算機]


environment

正體: 環境[自由軟體]

简体: 环境[自由软体]

正體: 環境[電子計算機]


skeptical

more skeptical (comparative)
most skeptical (superlative)


infusion

繼承自中古英語 infusioun，來自古法語 infusion，來自拉丁語 infusio, infusionem。


exception

简体: 异常[信息科技]

正體: 異常，例外[計算機]

正體: 異常；例外[自由軟體]

简体: 异常：例外[自由软体]

正體: 異常，例外[電子計算機]


impassioned

more impassioned (comparative)
most impassioned (superlative)


Rock

這個名字很少見，但在1950年代時曾因一名叫Rock Hudson的美國電影明星而風靡一時。

當用作直布羅陀、惡魔島監獄、紐芬蘭的暱稱時，前冠的the通常大寫。

源自中古英語的地形姓氏 指居住在岩石和橡樹附近的人 ( atter + oke )。

The Rock，村名，位於北愛爾蘭蒂龍庫克斯敦西南

the Rock：下列地方的暱稱
直布羅陀的暱稱

前冠“the”或“The”

the Rock：下列地方的暱稱
烏盧魯的暱稱

前冠“the”或“The”

the Rock：下列地方的暱稱
美國惡魔島監獄的暱稱

前冠“the”或“The”

the Rock：下列地方的暱稱
加拿大紐芬蘭與拉布拉多省紐芬蘭島的暱稱

前冠“the”或“The”


bill

长柄锲，鹤嘴锄，十字镐。


bill

啄，(鸠等)亲昵地碰嘴。


condemn

遣责、定罪 例句： For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through him. 因為神差祂的兒子降世，不是要定世人的罪，乃是要叫世人因祂得救。


alcohol

正體: 酒精[電子計算機]


coal

正體: 煤[電子計算機]


LAN

LAN
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：区域网络
* 正體中文：區域網絡


LAN

LAN
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：区域网路
* 正體中文：區域網路


interface

[电子电机工程]界面；介面；接口


ibuprofen

來自i(so)bu(tyl) + pro(pionic acid) + phen(yl)。


deny

正體: 拒絕[電子計算機]


demand

正體: 需量[電機工程]

正體: 需求[電子計算機]


equipment

正體: 設備[電子計算機]


accuse

accuse sb of (doing) something 指控某人（做了）某事


configuration

/kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/

/kənˌfɪɡ.jəˈɹeɪ̯.ʃən/

/kənˌfɪɡ.əˈɹæɪ̯.ʃən/

正體： 組態［電機工程］

简体： 格局，配置［信息科技］

正體： 組態，組態確認［計算機］

正體： 組態［自由軟體］

简体： 配置［自由软体］

正體： 組態；組態確認［電子計算機］


paste

來自中古英語 paste，來自古法語 paste (現代pâte)，來自晚期拉丁語 pasta，來自古希臘語 πάστα (pásta)。pasta和patty 的同源對似詞。


log

正體: 日記（航）[電機工程]

简体: [运行]日志[信息科技]

正體: 日誌，對數[計算機]

正體: 日誌；存錄；對數[自由軟體]

简体: 【动】[记]日志；【动】[记]日志；日志[自由软体]

正體: 日誌，對數[電子計算機]


independent

正體: 鑑一性[電機工程]


hijack

劫持，盜取，搶奪，搶劫。


battle

战斗, 一般維持不多於一天


nos

no 的複數（noes的另一種寫法）


nos

nitrous oxide system (“氮氣加速系統”) 之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：NOx


instrument

正體: 儀表[電子計算機]


advise

建議（動詞，其名詞形式是advice）


advise

advice的拼寫錯誤。


guerrilla

:出自19世纪初半岛战争时出现的西班牙语 guerrilla 。


guerrilla

:出自19世纪初半岛战争时出现的西班牙语 guerrilla 。

(市场营销学) 游击战略，游走策略。


leak

正體: 洩漏[電子計算機]


caffeine

借自法語 caféine，源自 café (“咖啡”) 或德語 Caffein、Kaffein（比較 Coffein、Koffein），源自 Kaffee (“咖啡”)（比較 Kaffe、Koffee、Koffe），或者是意大利語 caffè (“咖啡”) + -ine。

咖啡因，C₈H₁₀N₄O₂ （1830年起）

同類詞：guaranine、mateine、theine


measure

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-measure.wav

正體: 量度；測量[電機工程]

正體: 測量；測度[電子計算機]


attribute

属，属性；特性，特质；素质


labor

正體: 人工[電機工程]


individual

/ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒwəl/

/ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒəl/

/ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/

/ˌɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒəl/

/ˌɘndɘˈvɘd͡ʒʉ.ɘl/

/ˌɘndɘˈvɘd͡ʒɘl/

正體: 個體[自由軟體]

简体: 独立[自由软体]


evaporate

/ɪˈvæpəɹeɪt/

使蒸發；使脫水；揮發,蒸發,蒸發鹽


local

正體: 區域；本地；本機[自由軟體]

简体: 【修】局部；本地[自由软体]

正體: 區域的，局部，區性[電子計算機]


claim

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


claim

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


planet

正體: 行星[電子計算機]


minister

內閣部长；大臣；（中華民國行政院的）部長或主任委員


convention

大會，會議；習俗，慣例；公約，協定

正體： 規約；約定；慣例［電子計算機］


demonstration

正體: 表演[電機工程]

正體: 示範[電子計算機]


point

正體: 點；尖端[電機工程]

正體: 點[電子計算機]


plot

故事结构，包含各種電影、小說、影劇中的劇情轉折，整個故事結構中的關鍵低潮及高潮部分。

简体: 绘图[信息科技]

正體: 繪圖[電子計算機]


wage

正體: 工資[電子計算機]


literature

/ˈlɪ.tʃɹə.tʃɚ/


Peking

源自郵政式拼音 官話 北京 (Běijīng)，對比中古漢語 北京 (中古 pok kjaeng) / 粵語 北京 (bak1 ging1), 法語 Pékin（基於老國音）。


Montenegro

借自威尼斯語 Montenegro (源自 monte + negro, 字面意思是“黑色的山”)，仿譯自 塞爾維亞-克羅地亞語 Cȓnā Gòra，指洛夫琴山。

/mɒn.tɪˈnɛɡ.ɹəʊ/

蒙特內哥羅，黑山（國家名，位於歐洲）


pressure

[ˈpɹɛʃ.ə(ɹ)]


loyal

loyaler (comparative)
loyaller (comparative)
loyalest (superlative)
loyallest (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-loyal.wav


Pan

繼承自中古英語 Pan，源自拉丁語 Pān，源自古希臘語 Πάν (Pán)。


Pan

繼承自中古英語 Pan，源自拉丁語 Pān，源自古希臘語 Πάν (Pán)。


Pan

繼承自中古英語 Pan，源自拉丁語 Pān，源自古希臘語 Πάν (Pán)。


Pan

繼承自中古英語 Pan，源自拉丁語 Pān，源自古希臘語 Πάν (Pán)。

郊區名，位於英格蘭懷特島紐波特 (英國國家格網參考系統代碼：SZ5088)


victim

（原意）牺牲品（作为人类或动物祭品而被杀死并提供的生物，常用于宗教仪式）；圣餐中的圣体，圣血。

②犯罪中受害或处于不利地位的一方。

③遭受灾难或其他不利情况的不幸的人。

受难者（因自愿承担而遭受任何其他伤害、损失或损害的人）。

（叙述学）被反面人物征服或操纵的人物。


dissident

more dissident (comparative)
most dissident (superlative)

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


dissident

持不同政見者, 異議分子, 異見人士


Li

禮／礼 (Lǐ)的轉寫。

禮縣（縣名，位於中國甘肅隴南）

Zhang Jiacheng has lived his entire life in Longhuai village, a small settlement comprised of earthen and aged red-brick homes in Li county, in southern Gansu province's Longnan city.

張加成一輩子都住在他的家鄉，甘肅省南部隴南市禮縣龍槐村。這個小小村莊到處可見黃土和紅磚砌成的老房子。

2020年September28日, Matthew Robert Bossons, “Reporter's log: Livestreaming, e-commerce play crucial role in Gansu's poverty alleviation drive [记者日志：直播、电商在甘肃脱贫中发挥重要作用]”, 出自 China Daily:


Li

灕／漓 (Lí)的轉寫。

灕江（河名，位於中國廣西）

After breakfast the next day, Ho Li-chih came to invite Yang Shu-tien and me to the Li River for a boat trip to another county, Yang-shuo.

1977, Yee Chiang, “Kuei-lin and Yang-shuo [桂林與陽朔]”, 出自 China Revisited, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，第 153 頁:

Cormorant fishing on the Li River near Kweilin. With increasingly serious water pollution, fishing with cormorants is becoming a rare sight in China.

桂林附近漓江上的鸬鹚捕鱼。随着水污染的日益严重，鸬鹚捕鱼在中国已成为一种罕见的景象。

1985, Steven W. Mosher, Journey To The Forbidden China [中國密境之旅], Collier Macmillan, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，第 54f 頁:

Before going home, we flew to Guilin for a meeting with environmentalists concerned about the destruction of forests and the loss of unique wildlife, and a leisurely boat trip down the Li River, which flows through a stunning landscape marked by large limestone formations that looked as if they had burst up through the landscape of the gentle countryside.

2005, Bill Clinton, My Life, 第 II 卷, New York: Vintage Books, →ISBN, →OCLC，第 436-437 頁s:

Days 3-5: Guilin and Yangshuo.
Marvel at the extraordinary scenery lining the banks of the serene Li River.

第3-5天：桂林與陽朔。
驚歎於灕江兩岸的壯美風景。

2011, Andrew Forbes, China, APA Publications, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL，第 16 頁:

In Guilin, the second-largest city in Guangxi, Xi took a boat to inspect the ecological condition of the Li River, a popular tourist destination. The river stretches more than 400km (250 miles) through karst hills and attracts hundreds of thousands of visitors each year.

在廣西第二大城市桂林，習近平乘船考察當地著名景點，灕江兩岸的生態狀況。灕江全長400多千米，兩岸都是喀斯特地貌，每年吸引成千上萬遊客到此遊覽。

2021年April27日, Echo Xie, “Xi Jinping laments stone quarrying as he mines green theme in Guangxi [中國 / 政治]”, 出自 South China Morning Post，於2021-04-27歸檔自原頁面, China / Politics [中國 / 政治]:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:Li。


Li

朝鮮語漢字：李；諺文是：이 & 리

原朝鮮語源自朝鮮語的姓氏


satisfy

正體: 滿足[電子計算機]


temporary

/ˈtɛmpəɹəɹi/

/ˈtɛmpəˌɹɛɹi/


criminal

more criminal (comparative)
most criminal (superlative)


slide

正體: 滑[電子計算機]


compare

由 com + par （平等）構成 compar，演化至拉丁語 comparare，演化至古法語 comparer，引進于晚期中古英語。

對比、比對、比較（縮寫 cf. 或 cp.）
compare A and B -- 對比 A 與 B

對比、比對、比較（縮寫 cf. 或 cp.）
compare A with/to B -- 對比 A 與 B

They always compare their situation and ours. 他們總是對比他們和我們的處境。


operation

/ˌɒpəˈɹeɪʃən/

/ˌɑpəˈɹeɪʃən/

正體: 作業；操作；運算[自由軟體]

简体: 操作[自由软体]

正體: 運算；作業 ； 操作[電機工程]

正體: 作業；操作；運算[電子計算機]


Internet

由美國國防部在1986年造出，為 internetwork 的簡稱。

當提到遍布全球的計算機網絡時，這個專有名詞一開始通常將首字母大寫，首字母小寫的 internet 則作為普通名詞，指的是透過網路互相連接的任何其他電腦網路；然而，越來越多使用了專有名詞義項的文章也將首字母小寫。類似的例子還有 sun (“恆星”)／Sun (“太陽，地球所圍繞的恆星”)、moon (“衛星”)／Moon (“月亮，圍繞地球旋轉的衛星”)、universe (“宇宙”)／universe (“我們身處的宇宙，萬事萬物的總和”) 和 world (“世界”)／World (“人類生活的特定世界，可以指地球、我們身處的宇宙等”)。

internet、World Wide Web（the Web, the web）和 cyberspace 通常被視為廣義上的同義詞，但若仔細推敲，每個詞都有更精確的意義，語意上相互重疊。

[I]f you think the Internet existed in 1970, I can only guess that the education system has left at least one child behind.
如果你認為互聯網在1970年就已經存在了，那我只能猜想，教育系統又落下了至少一個小孩。

2008, Lou Schuler, "Foreword", in Nate Green, Built for Show, page xi


poet

[ˈpʰoʊ̯ɪ̈(ʔ)t̚]


dun

源自中古英語 dun、dunne，源自古英語 dunn (“暗褐色，樹皮色，黑褐色”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *dusnaz (“褐色，黃色”)，源自原始印歐語 *dʰewh₂- (“冒煙，捲起塵埃”)。與古撒克遜語 dun (“褐色，暗”)、古高地德語 tusin (“灰色，暗褐色，淡黃色，暗”)、古諾爾斯語 dunna (“鴨，雌鴨”)同源。
也可能派生自布立吞亞支（對比中古威爾士語 dwnn (“暗（紅色）”)），源自原始凱爾特語 *dusnos（對比古愛爾蘭語 donn），源自原始印歐語 *dʰews-（對比古撒克遜語 dosan (“栗棕色”)）。參見dusk。

dun：


dun

Come, thick Night,
 And pall thee in the dunneſt ſmoake of Hell,
 That my keene Knife ſee not the Wound it makes,
 Nor Heauen peepe through the Blanket of the darke,
 To cry, hold, hold.

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene v]，第 134 頁，第 2 列，第 48–49 行s:


dun

未知；可能是din的變體。多個來源認為源自 Joe Dun，一名因逮捕追債者而出名的執達吏之名，不過這個說法有爭議。

Look ye, gentlemen, I have lived with credit in the world, and it grieves my heart never to stir out of my doors but to be pulled by the sleeve by some rascally dun or other.

1889 [1712], John Arbuthnot, The History of John Bull, London: Cassell & Co., →OCLC，第 71 頁:

Melancholy duns came looking for him at all hours.

1933, George Orwell, Down and Out in Paris and London, Ch. 18:

‘Frank's worried about duns,’ she said as the butler went away.

1970, John Glassco, Memoirs of Montparnasse, New York 2007, p. 102:

Miss Hoppin received a dun for volume 9 1840–1 which Mr. James McConnell, (who now pays the above) is sure was paid.

1842, A.B.G., “Errata”, 出自 Evangelical Magazine and Gospel Advocate, 第 13 卷, →OCLC，第 251 頁:


dun

And hath she sent so soon to dun?

1768, Jonathan Swift, The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, London: C. Bathurst, →OCLC, Miscellanies in Verse，第 309 頁:

Of all he had received from Lady Bellaston, not above five guineas remained and that very morning he had been dunned by a tradesman for twice that sum.

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Folio Society 1973, p. 577:

不停重複（要求等）來騷擾

Rich bitches who had to be dunned for their milk bills would pay him right now.

1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin 2010, p. 107:


dun

不確定；可能來自其顏色。

Also, duns are dull and generally sober colored, whilst spinners are more brightly colored and shining and their wings are clear and transparent.

1966, John Harris, An Angler's Entomology, New York: Barnes, →OCLC，第 16 頁:

一種類似蜉蝣亞成蟲的擬餌

We have besides for this Month a little Dun call'd a whirling Dun (though it is not the whirling Dun indeed, which is one of the best Flies we have) and for this the dubbing must be of the bottom fur of a Squirrels tail and the wing of the grey feather of a Drake.

1676, Charles Cotton, The Compleat Angler. Being Instructions how to Angle for a Trout or Grayling in a Clear Stream, London: Richard Marriott, and Henry Brome, →OCLC, March，第 59 頁:


dun

源自愛爾蘭語 dún 或 蘇格蘭蓋爾語 dùn，源自原始凱爾特語 *dūnom (“要塞，堡壘”)。與威爾士語 dinas (“城市”)同源。town 的同源對似詞。

古代或中世紀的堡壘、要塞；尤指在蘇格蘭或愛爾蘭的山丘要塞。

Pampedun, or Pandon, was probably a place of residence from the earliest times; its sheltered situation for boats, and proximity to the ancient way over the river, protected perhaps by a dun or camp, on the height above [...] possibly gave origin to the ancient name of the place, Pampedun, from the British pant, a hollow, and dun, a fort or camp, Pant-y-dun.

1858, Henry MacLauchlan, Memoir written during a survey of the Roman Wall, through the counties of Northumberland and Cumberland, in the years 1852-1854, London: Printed for private circulation, →OCLC，第 9 頁:

奧克尼、設得蘭或蘇格蘭的一種圓形石屋

Smaller than the broch was the dun, another type of stone-built 'roundhouse'.

2013, T.J. Clarkson, The Makers of Scotland: Picts, Romans, Gaels and Vikings, Edinburgh: Birlinn, →ISBN:


dun

done的視覺方言拼法: do 的過去分詞

...a wise old lady exclaimed, "Why Mrs. M. warn't you orful skeerd wunst when you seed a dog fight? [...] an that ere big yaller dog bit orf your baby's hand that minit; in cors he dun it, so now that settles it."

1895年May20日, S.L.N. Foote, “Correspondence”, 出自 International Journal of Medicine and Surgery, 第 8 卷, retrieved 2016-10-13，第 194 頁:

Fwhere's he come from, I dun'no'. French or English, I dun'no'. But a gintleman born, I know.

1901, Gilbert Parker, The Right of Way, New York and London: Harper, →OCLC:


dun

可能源自處理過後魚的顏色。

醃製好鱈魚等魚類後將其堆放在不被光線直射到的地方, 並用碱茅等覆蓋來保存

Dun-fish are of a superior quality for the table, and are cured in such a manner as to give them a dun or brownish color. Fish for dunning are caught early in spring, and sometimes February, at the Isle of Shoals.

1832, James Thacher, History of Plymouth; from its first settlement in 1620, to the year 1832, Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon, →OCLC，第 317 頁:


dun

模仿帶有懸疑色彩的音樂。

How would you deal with that power? (Dun, dun, DUN! Insert dramatic music here.)

2009, Carrie Tucker, I Love Geeks: The Official Handbook, Avon, Massachusetts: Adams Media, →ISBN:


research

/ˈɹiː.sɜːtʃ/


radar

/ˈɹeɪdɑː(ɹ)/

[简体]:雷达[电子电机工程]

[正體]:雷達[電子電機工程]

正體: 雷達[通訊工程]

正體: 雷達系統[電子計算機]


insult

- Marvel owns your gods!
- Insulting is not arguing.


violence

强暴;暴力;暴行;激烈;猛烈


abduction

來自拉丁語 abductiō (“搶劫；綁架”)，來自abdūcō (“帶走”)，來自ab (“離開”) + dūcō (“領導”)。等同於abduct + -ion。
* (解剖學)： 借自法語，來自拉丁語 abductus。
* 對照法語 abduction。

外展肌（自17世紀中期）

Abduction is performed by asking the patient to raise the arm at the side as high as they can with the examiner stabilizing the scapula by holding it down.

2013, Jain, MD, MSPH; Wilcox, PT; Katz, MD, MS; Higgins, MD, "Clinical Examination of the Rotator Cuff", PM&R Journal, retrieved from PubMed Central on 21 Jan 2018.

大前提，顯而易見（自17世紀晚期）

The significance of such a step is that it is not morphologically triggered: it is a step of abduction, and what is required here is a meta-level process of reasoning.

2005, Ronnie Cann, Ruth Kempson, Lutz Marten, The Dynamics of Language, an Introduction，第 256 頁:

強行把人擄走（自18世紀中期）

the abduction of a child

But fear of abduction never stopped a good ufologist.

2010, Monte Dwyer, Red in the Centre: Through a Crooked Lens, Monyer Pty Ltd，第 122 頁:


publication

正體: 出版品；發行物[自由軟體]

简体: 出版物[自由软体]

正體: 出版；出版品[電子計算機]


Vogel

(隕石坑)： 以德語天體物理學家Hermann Carl Vogel（1841–1907）命名。


Africa

繼承自中古英語 Affrike，來自古法語 Affrique, Affrike，來自拉丁語 Āfrica，來自Āfrī，Āfer的單數 (迦太基國的人民)又源自於：
* 布匿語或腓尼基語中的𐤏𐤐𐤓 (ʿpr /ʿafar/, “灰塵”)，在其他閃語族語言也有同義詞。
* 柏柏爾語族中的ifri (“洞穴”)，ifran的複數，指突尼斯的洞穴居民 (參見泰塔溫)。
民間詞源包括：
* 古希臘語 ἀ- (a-) + φρίκη f (phríkē)，意思為不冷
* 拉丁語 aprica (“陽光”)。

the Maghreb and sub-Saharan Africa

馬格里布和撒哈拉以南非洲

The Sahara stood as an important marker between the Maghreb and Africa, not only in modern times but in times immemorial.

撒哈拉是馬格里布和黑非洲之間的一個重要標誌地，不僅在現代，在遠古時期亦是如此。

2021年June10日, Abdelmajid Hannoum, The Invention of the Maghreb: Between Africa and the Middle East, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN，第 205 頁:

阿非利加（行省名，位於羅馬帝國）


electricity

/ɪˌlɛkˈt͡ʃɹɪsɪti/


Uruguay

借自瓜拉尼語 Uruguay。

/ˈjʊə.ɹə.ɡwaɪ/

/ˈʊɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/

/ˈʊɹ.ə.ɡweɪ/

烏拉圭（國家名，位於南美洲）。


recession

借自拉丁語 recessiō。


isolation

/ˌaɪsəˈleɪʃən/

[简体]:隔离度[电子电机工程]

[正體]:隔離度[電子電機工程]

[简体]:"隔离,分离,隔离度"[通信]

[正體]:隔離，分離，隔離度[通訊]

正體: 隔離，分離，隔離度[通訊工程]

正體: 隔離[電子計算機]


trade

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


period

正體: 期間；週期[自由軟體]

简体: 期间[自由软体]

简体: 周期[电子电机工程]

正體: 周期[電子電機工程]

正體: 週期；期間；時期；句點[電子計算機]


meniscus

[简体]:弯月面[电子电机工程]

[正體]:彎月面[電子電機工程]


pass

正體: 通過[自由軟體]

简体: 通过[自由软体]

正體: 傳遞；通過；通；遍（數）[電子計算機]


vehicle

借自法語 véhicule，源自拉丁語 vehiculum (“運輸工具”)，源自 vehere (“攜帶”)。


season

使(談話、故事等)增添趣味

简体: 四季,季节[大气]

正體: 季［節］[氣象]

正體: 季[電子計算機]


hypertext

We do not read hypertext the same way we read a novel, and browsing the Web is a different experience from reading a book or newspaper.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2009, Christian Vandendorpe, Phyllis Aronoff, and Howard Scott (Phyllis Aronoff, Howard Scott, transl.), 源自Papyrus to Hypertext: Toward the Universal Digital Library, University of Illinois Press, ISBN 0252076257, p 1:

Further, hypertext systems, because of their ease of construction, are very rich in text, graphics and visual illustrations.

1999, Ray McAleese, Hypertext: Theory into Practice, Intellect Books, →ISBN，第 2 頁:

Did Nelson realize at the time that he had met Xanadu's second parent? Probably not. The inventor scattered his ideas as widely as possible, with little care about where they landed. But as the decades passed, it would be Gregory who oversaw the attempt to transform Xanadu into a real product. He never received much public notice, but through all the project's painful deaths and rebirths, Gregory's commitment to Nelson's dream of a universal hypertext library never waned. If Ted Nelson is Xanadu's profligate father, Roger Gregory is Xanadu's devoted mother, and in retrospect, his role appears to have been intertwined with a terrible element of sacrifice.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1995, Gary Wolf, "The Curse of Xanadu", WIRED

A hypertext system, then, is a memex-like device for creating and manipulating hypertexts, both for on-line browsing, and for reducing selected portions of such texts to.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1969, S. Carmody, W. Gross, T. Nelson, D. Rice, and A. van Dam, “A Hypertext Editing System for the /360”, in Michael Faiman and Jurg Nievergelt, Pertinent Concepts in Computer Graphics: Proceedings, University of Illinois Press, p 296:


rocket

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


German

來自拉丁語 Germānus、Germānī (“來自Germānia的民族”)，不同於Gauls (在凱撒和塔西佗的著作中)，最初源頭不明 (可能是凱爾特語族/高盧語)。
與german (“關係密切的”)或germane無關 (來自拉丁語形容詞germānus，經由古法語)。
至少在1520年開始出現。取代了英語中較早的術語Almain和Dutch (來自原始日耳曼語 *þiudiskaz)。除了德語、日耳曼語、荷蘭語的同源詞外，其他語言中表示德國人的兩類詞源一個是Saxon的同源詞和原始斯拉夫語 *němьcь的派生詞；更多資訊參閱這些條目。

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

日耳曼民族成員；日耳曼後裔

Rome was sacked by Germans and the Western Roman Empire collapsed.

羅馬被日耳曼人大肆劫掠，西羅馬帝國就此滅亡。

[…] tie them tightly in a thickly floured cloth, and boil them for three hours and a half. We can recommend this as a remarkably light small rich pudding : it may be served with German, wine, or punch sauce.

1858, Eliza Acton, Modern Cookery in All Its Branches: Reduced to a System of Easy Practice, for the Use of Private Families : in a Series of Receipts, which Have Been Strictly Tested, and are Given with the Most Minute Exactness : to which are Added Directions for Carving, Garnishing, and Setting Out the Table, with a Table of Weights and Measures，第 279 頁:

The wine list harbours some great bottles, mature clarets and Burgundies as well as a clutch of fine Germans (gold-dust these days in restaurants) […]

1996, Jim Ainsworth, Passport's Guide to Britain's Best Restaurants:

介於美式和撒克遜式的字體大小，約1+¹⁄₂點式

In my German, they calling me a baller (skrr)
Got me feeling like Özil

2021年May21日, “Plugged In Freestyle”, Big Tobz in Big Tobz & Blittz 作詞, Fumez The Engineer 作曲，0:13–0:16:

There are some 32 different terms for prison officers, from the humorously affectionate kanga(rhyming slang:kangaroo = screw) and the variants Scooby-Doo and Dr. Who via the mildly confrontational German (as if still the enemy over 50 years after World War II!) to the outright abuse of shit-parcel.

1996, Angela Devlin, Prison Patter, Waterside Press, →ISBN:


German

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

分體詞：Low German (Plattdeutsch)、High German

German has three genders: masculine, feminine and neuter.

德語（的名詞）有三種性別：陽性、陰性和中性。


German

more German (comparative)
most German (superlative)
Germanest (superlative)

/ˈd͡ʒɜː.mən/

In Prussia, always the most progressive of the German states during the Weimar years and a stronghold of the two parties, Jews could be found in virtually all administrative departments […].

2001, Donald L. Niewyk, The Jews in Weimar Germany, →ISBN，第 31 頁:

與德國本地人或居民有關的；德國人後裔有關的

Her German husband has blond hair.

她的德裔丈夫長著一頭金髮。

If Demandt's essay served as a strident example of the German desire for normalcy, a more subtle example was provided by a brief allohistorical depiction of a Nazi victory in World War II written by German historian Michael Salewski in 1999.

2005年May23日, Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, The World Hitler Never Made: Alternate History and the Memory of Nazism, Cambridge University Press, →ISBN，第 182 頁:

Goths, a German tribe, 9; allied with other tribes against Rome, 39; …

1889, Theodore S. Fay, The three Germanys: glimpses into their history, vol. II, p. 1270 (inside the index):

分體詞：Low German、High German

Because the instructions were German, Yves couldn't read them.

因為這些指示是用德語寫成的，所以伊夫看不懂。

In this manner there existed, about the time of the Reformation, three grand divisions of the German language, viz. the Upper German (Ober Deutsch), the Low German (Nieder Deutsch, or Platt Deutsch), and lastly the High German (Hoch Deutsch).

1816, George Henry Noehden, A Grammar of the German Language, 3rd版，第 3 頁:

To trace its progress, it will be necessary to enter into detail, and to examine the German language in its two great divisions, the Low and High German.

1838, Joseph Bosworth, A Dictionary of the Anglo-saxon Language，第 xiii 頁:

This volume is intended to provide a survey of the linguistic characteristics of modern German dialects …. These are defined geographically as those within the borders of the Federal Republic of Germany, the German Democratic Republic, Austria, the Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, the German-speaking part of Switzerland, and Alsace in France ([..]).

1990, Charles V.J. Russ, Introduction, in: Charles V.J. Russ (ed.), The Dialects of Modern German: A Linguistic Survey, p. xviii (note: the work covers Frisian, Low and High German dialects):


semiconductor

In this sense we are to understand the following table in which bodies are classed as conductors, semiconductors, and nonconductors; those bodies being conveniently designated as conductors which, when applied to an electroscope charged with either kind of electricity discharge it almost instantaneously; semiconductors being those which discharge it in a short but measurable time, a few seconds, for instance; while nonconductors effect no discharge even, in the course of a minute.

1876, Adolphe Ganot, Natural Philosophy for General Readers and Young Persons，第 422 頁:

The following table of conductors may therefore be used in inverse order as a table of resistances, the good conductors being bodies of slight resistance, the semiconductors being bodies of great resistance, and the insulators being bodies of so great resistance that they almost effectually oppose the passage of any current.

因此，下表的導體可以按相反的順序用作電阻表，良導體是電阻小的物體，半導體是大電阻的物體，絕緣體是電阻非常大而幾乎可以有效地阻止任何電流通過的物體。

1901, George W. Jacoby, A System of Physiologic Therapeutics: Electrotherapy:


produce

繼承自中古英語 produce，來自拉丁語 prōdūcō。

/pɹəˈd͡ʒuːs/

/ˈpɹɒd͡ʒuːs/


produce

繼承自中古英語 produce，來自拉丁語 prōdūcō。

/pɹəˈd͡ʒuːs/

/ˈpɹɒd͡ʒuːs/

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


reject

*源自晚期的中古英語 rejecten ← 拉丁語 rēiectus ，rēicere（“扔回”） 的過去分詞形式 ← rē- （“回”）+ iacere（“扔”）。
*該詞代替了如下近義詞：中古英語 forwerpen (“拋棄”)(源自古英語 forweorpan)； 中古英語 forcasten(“扔掉”) (源自古諾爾斯語 forkasta)；中古英語 skirpen(“使噴湧而出”)(源自古諾爾斯語 skirpa (“吐出”))；中古英語 wernen(“拒絕，回絕”) (源自古英語 wiernan (“拒絕，回絕”))；中古英語 withchosen, withchesen（“拒絕”）(源自古英語 wiþċēosan (“拒絕”))。

她甚至拒絕了我的改進后的建議。


hippopotamus

借自拉丁語 和新拉丁語 hippopotamus，源自古希臘語 ἱπποπόταμος (hippopótamos)，源自 ἵππος (híppos, “馬”)（對應英語 hippo-）+ ποταμός (potamós, “河”)。

hippopotami (plural)
hippopotamuses (plural)
hippopotamus (plural)

泛指河馬科的任何一種動物


switch

可能借自中古荷蘭語 swijch (“枝條”)。首次記錄於1592年左右


materia medica

來自拉丁語 materia (“材料”) + medica，來自medicus (“醫學的”)


prescription

/pɹəˈskɹɪpʃən/

消滅時效，法令限制，訴訟時效


trailer

源自 trail + -er。“預告片”之義來源於其以前是在正片後放映的情況。


willing

more willing (comparative)
most willing (superlative)

If my boyfriend isn't willing to change his drinking habits, I will split up with him.　　如果我男朋友不想改掉他好酒的习惯的话，我就跟他分手。


basket

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


tipoff

tip-off的另一種拼寫法


tablet

tablets
tableting
tabletting
tableted
tabletted

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

正體: 路牌[電機工程]

正體: 輸入板；標牌[電子計算機]


pivot

以一只脚为中枢脚转动身体改变方向的动作


territory

/ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/

領地；領土；地區；領域，範圍

正體: 責任區[電子計算機]


bottleneck

瓶頸 將瓶頸的一部分放在手指上，作為吉他滑音使用

"Permissive" working allows more than one train to be in a block section at one time but trains must be run at low speed in order to stop on sight behind the train in front. Such working is often authorised to allow freight trains to "bunch" together to await a path through a bottleneck instead of being strung out over several block sections, as would be necessary if absolute working were in force.

1962 October, “Talking of Trains: The collisions at Connington”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 232 頁:

At one time, Reading was regarded as a notorious bottleneck in the rail network, almost incapable of managing the number of services that needed to pass through the station each day. [...]
 A road widening scheme at Cow Lane has also allowed two-way traffic to run beneath the railway for the first time, helping to remove a notorious road traffic bottleneck in the town.

2020年December2日, Andy Coward, “New-look Reading is willing and able”, 出自 Rail，第 58, 59 頁s:

It is easy to create entries; processing the paperwork is the bottleneck.

创建条目很容易；处理文书工作是瓶颈。

The bottleneck in this computer program is the inefficient sorting process; we should replace it with a faster one.

该电脑程序的瓶颈是排序过程效率低下；我们应该用速度更快的来替换它。


bottleneck

The merge bottlenecked the traffic every morning.

车道合并导致每天早上交通都会拥堵。

The traffic bottlenecked at the merge every morning.

车道合并处每天早上都会出现阻塞情况。


edit

editor 的逆構詞。受到法语 éditer（出版，发行）的影响。


edit

editor 的逆構詞。受到法语 éditer（出版，发行）的影响。


Mari

馬里，古代蘇美爾、亞摩利城市，在今敘利亞境內。


Mari

馬里人，伏爾加地區一支民族


Mari

馬里語，芬蘭-烏戈爾語族語言


resolution

最早記錄於1412年，作中古英語 resolucioun (“解除；解散”)，可能源自盎格魯-諾曼語 resolucion 或直接源自拉丁語 resolūtiō (“鬆開；解決”)，源自 resolvō (“鬆開”)，源自延伸前綴 re- + solvō (“鬆開”)。

/ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/


substitutes

substitute 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


severe

源自中古法语 ←拉丁语 severus (“严重的，严肃的，穿着朴素的”)。

严重的，严峻的；极坏的。


account

:< 中古英语 < 盎格鲁-诺尔曼语 acunt（同义） < 古法语 acont < 古法语 aconter < 拉丁语 computo（计算）

（互联网收发电子邮件的）账户，账号

（思想、理论、过程的）解释，说明，叙述


account

give a good/poor account of yourself　（尤指比赛中）表现好／不好，干得出色／差劲

on account 　挂账；（先付小部份款额的）赊账

on no account; not on any account 　决不；绝对不

put/turn something to good account　善用；利用

take account of something; take something into account 　考虑到；顾及


account

She thinks he's wonderful─oh well, there's no accounting for taste.　 她认为他了不起 嗯，算了，人各有所好嘛。

there's no accounting for taste saying（词组）　人的爱憎好恶是无法解释的；人各有所好


account

（尤指在事故之后）了解，查明

说明钱财的处置情况；报账


astronomy

借自古法語 astronomie ← 拉丁語 astronomia ← 古希臘語 ἀστρονομία (astronomía) ← ἄστρον (ástron, “星”) ← 原始印歐語 *h₂stḗr (“星”) + νόμος (nómos, “安排, 調節”), 和 νέμω (némō, “分配”)相關。 字面上看源自 astro- + -nomy 。

天文学，關於天體的科學，以及地球附近椄受來自宇宙組成的輻射之觀察與解釋的學科。


module

借自法語 module，來自拉丁語 modulus (“小的度量，度量，模型，計量”)，modus (“度量”)的指小 (mode也經由此)。modulus和mold 的同源對似詞。


resource

Nevertheless, it is clear that the global energy demand for air-conditioning will grow substantially as nations become more affluent,[…]. This trend will put additional strain not only on global energy resources but also on the environmental prospects of a warming planet.

2013 September-October, Michael Sivak, “Will AC Put a Chill on the Global Energy Supply?]”, 出自 American Scientist，於2014-02-06歸檔自原頁面:

By French-Style Revolution I don't mean a violent overthrow of the ruling elite as much as a tumultuous reset of how resources and power are distributed. Systems become vulnerable to such resets when they become highly asymmetrical in how they distribute resources and power, and rigid in their defense of the extreme inequality of the distribution.

2023年December10日, Charles Hugh Smith, Could America Have a French-Style Revolution?:


resource

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

正體: 資源[電機工程]

简体: 资源[信息科技]

正體: 資源[自由軟體]

简体: 资源[自由软体]

正體: 資源[電子計算機]


buffet

歐式自助餐（台灣又稱【吃到飽餐廳】，限時不限量自由取餐）


hymn

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


keyboard

Keyboarding is the part of this job I hate the most.


sedative

more sedative (comparative)
most sedative (superlative)


loli

來自日語 ロリ或lolicon 的截斷形式。

主要用於日本動畫和日本漫畫


bank

#银行;
#库存,库;
#岸,河畔;
#斜坡，垄,埂
* 正體: 觸排[電子工程]


Uzbek

來自俄語 узбек (uzbek)，來自烏茲別克語 oʻzbek。進一步的詞源不確定；可能來自突厥語族 öz (“真誠的，真正的”) + 粟特語 βγ (/beġ/, “大師”)；後者來自原始印度-雅利安語 *bʰagás，來自原始印度-伊朗語 *bʰagás。第一個音素常被認為可能與英語 Oghuz相等。


French

繼承自中古英語 Frenche、Frensch、Frensc、Frenshe、Frenk、Franche，來自古英語 Frenċisċ (“法語”)，來自原始西日耳曼語 *Frankisk (“法蘭克”)，等同於Frank + -ish (對照Frankish)。與西佛蘭德語 Fransch (“法語”)、荷蘭語 Frans (“法語”)、中古低地德語 vranksch、frenkisch、vrenkesch、vrenksch (“法語”)、中古高地德語 frenkisch、frensch （“法蘭克的，法蘭西的”；> 德語 fränkisch (“法蘭克尼亞”)）、丹麥語 fransk (“法語”)、瑞典語 fransk、fransysk (“法語”)、冰島語 franska (“法語”)同源。
用作粗俗語言的義項，其通常指早期19世紀上層階級實際使用的法語表達 (但通常輕微無禮)，後來被下層階級用作罵人的話，因為他們認為聽者不會熟悉這些用語。
用來指苦艾酒的義項，是French vermouth的簡稱。

She speaks French.

Ne mowe we alle Latin wite...
Ne French...

c. 1390, Robert Grosseteste, translating Chateau d'Amour as The Castle of Love, ll. 25 ff.:

I... wolde also be bolde in such french as is peculiare to the lawys of this realme, to leue it wyth them in wrytynge to.

1533, Thomas More, The Debellacyon of Salem & Bizance, fol. 96:

I could speak but little French.

1720, Daniel Defoe, Memoirs of a Cavalier，第 13 頁:

Thus, complementary to the French of France, the Quebecois (and in a lesser degree the Frenches of Africa, Swiss French, etc.) would constitute languages in their own right.

1991, Michael Clyne, Pluricentric Languages: Differing Norms in Different Nations, Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN，第 169 頁:

Almost three quarters of the population 65 and older reported speaking French.

1997, Albert Valdman, French and Creole in Louisiana，第 29 頁:

Although he would spend the rest of his life in France, Picasso never mastered the language, and during those early years he was especially self-conscious about how bad his French was.

2004, Jack Flam, Matisse and Picasso: The Story of Their Rivalry and Friendship，第 18 頁:

The Frenches of England remain as working languages in the different registers of various occupational communities and for particular social rituals. Beyond the fifteenth century, French is a much less substantial presence in England, though[…]

2013, Jocelyn Wogan-Browne, Language and Culture in Medieval Britain: The French of England, C.1100-c.1500, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, →ISBN，第 361 頁:

My French is a little rusty.

[Racine's] language is the language of the times, and that of the purest sort; so that his French is reckoned a standard.

1742 April 4, R. West, letter to Thomas Gray:

作為學科的法國語言、文學

I'm taking French next semester.

Pardon my French.

The enraged headsman spares no 'bad French' in explaining his motives.

1845, Edward Jerningham Wakefield, Adventure in New Zealand, 第 I 卷，第 327 頁:

Cameron: Pardon my French, but you're an asshole!

1986, John Hughes, Ferris Bueller's Day Off':

The book... is a welcome change from theory-infected academic discourse, pardon my French.

2005年May29日, New York Times Book Review，第 12 頁:

Dawn French.


French

複數形式Frenches的使用在早期現代英語出現過，在當代英語很少出現。和其他集體區域居民稱謂詞一樣，French在指代法國人時，會在前面加上定冠詞或定語。

主要用於集合名詞和以複數形式

The Hundred Years' War was fought between the English and the French.

百年戰爭是英國人和法國人之間的戰爭。

Under the Fourth Republic, more and more French unionized.

在第四共和國時期，越來越多的法國人加入了工會。

[…]to breake the necke of the wicked purposes & plots of the French[…]

1579, Francesco Guicciardini as, 譯者 Geoffrey Fenton, The Historie of Guicciardin，第 378 頁:

Such is the nature and complexion of the frenches, that they are worth nothing, but at the first push.

1653, François Rabelais, 譯者 Thomas Urquhart, Works of Mr. Francis Rabelais, 第 I 卷，第 214 頁:

On the way, scouts reported that some French were heading toward them across the ice.

2002, Jeremy Thornton, The French and Indian War，第 14 頁:

oral sex (“口交”)之同義詞（尤指嗦吮陰莖）

French--^([sic]) to do the French--Cocksucking; and, inversely, to tongue a woman.

1916, Henry Nathaniel Cary, The Slang of Venery and Its Analogues, 第 I 卷，第 94 頁:

You can be whipped or caned... or you can have French for another pound.

Always use condoms with Greek (anal intercourse), straight sex (vaginal intercourse, fucking), French (oral sex).

‘French’—still used by prostitutes as a term for oral sex.

Tearle replied that gin-and-French and virginian cigarettes would do for him.

1930, Ethel Mannin, Confessions & Impressions，第 177 頁:

He was drinking double gins with single Frenches in them.

1967, Michael Francis Gilbert, The Dust & the Heat，第 14 頁:


French

more French (comparative)
most French (superlative)

the French border with Italy

That must have hurt, especially because you knew the French children weren’t even trying. “Uh, go on, play weez your seellee nambeurs. Zey tell you nosseeng of ze true naytcheur of ze soula. I’ll weepa for you.”

2015年May3日, “Standardized Testing”, 出自 Last Week Tonight with John Oliver, 第 2 季数, 第 12 集数, John Oliver（演員）, 經由 HBO:

French customs

French verbs

同類詞：straight

French active

French girl

用於構成性病的名稱或指代

French disease

French crown

French pox


French

french的大小寫替代形式

Even before I thought about what I was doing we Frenched and kissed with tongues.

1995, Jack Womack, Random Acts of Senseless Violence，第 87 頁:


chairman

這個詞在歷史上指男性，但現在也用於女性。

When I got ready to leave, why, Chairman Mao came down to the plane. Chairman Mao gave me some Chinese rugs and told me that I was the only prisoner of war that had ever come through there from North China.

2003, William L. Taylor, Wake Island : the Alamo of the Pacific, History Channel, →OCLC:

Unsurprisingly, the Group was highly critical of the BTC's organisation and finances, and this prompted Marples to bring forward the Transport Act 1962, which created BR as a standalone entity with its own Board, headed by a full-time chairman. Beeching accepted this latter position, and initially became the BTC chairman in June 1961.

2023年March8日, David Clough, “The long road that led to Beeching”, 出自 RAIL, 第 978 期，第 43 頁:

負責用便攜式椅子、轎子或類似運輸工具抬人的人

Mr Western entered; but not before a small wrangling bout had passed between him and his chairmen; for the fellows, who had taken up their burden at the Hercules Pillars, had conceived no hopes of having any future good customer in the squire […]

1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Folio Society, 出版於 1973，第 618 頁:

Mr. Winkle, catching sight of a lady's face at the window of the sedan, turned hastily round, plied the knocker with all his might and main, and called frantically upon the chairman to take the chair away again.

1836, Charles Dickens, The Pickwick Papers:


chairman

chairmans
chairmaning
chairmanning
chairmaned
chairmanned


Burundi

蒲隆地（國家名，位於東非；法定名稱： 蒲隆地共和國；首都： 基特加）

Urundi


windmill

源自中古英語 wyndmylne，wyndmylle，相當於 wind + mill。與低地蘇格蘭語 wyndmyln，wyndmyl，薩特弗里斯蘭語 Wíendmäälne，西弗里斯蘭語 wynmûne，荷蘭語 windmolen, 南非語 windmeul，下薩克森荷蘭語 windmölle (Achterhooks)，wiendmeule (Drents, Veluws)，德國低地德語 Windmöhl，德語 Windmühle，丹麥語 vindmølle，書面挪威語 vindmølle, 新挪威語 vindmølle，vindmylne，瑞典語 vindmölla，冰島語 vindmylla 同源。


windmill

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


Venezuela

源自意大利語 Veneziola，Venezia (“威尼斯”)，因高腳屋讓人聯想到威尼斯建築而命名。

國家名，位於南美洲。法定名稱： 委內瑞拉玻利瓦共和國。


conservative

借自中古法語 conservatif，來自拉丁語 cōnservō (“儲存”)。等同conserve + -ative。

同類詞：moderate、liberal、progressive、libertarian、centrist、fascist、communist、socialist

During the late 1950s and throughout the 1960s, this commitment brought him into frequent critical confrontation with entrenched forms of conservative thinking (in academic areas from history and social science to the more abstract domains of ethical and political philosophy),[…]

1999, Nicholas Walker, “The Reorientation of Critical Theory: Habermas”, 出自 Simon Glemdinning 編, The Edinburgh Encyclopedia of Continental Philosophy, Routledge, →ISBN，第 489 頁:


conservative

more conservative (comparative)
most conservative (superlative)

The chef added a conservative amount of salt to the dish.

The curriculum committee at this university is extremely conservative.

At a conservative estimate, growth may even be negative next year.

We have always been conscientiously attached to what is called the Tory, and which might with more propriety be called the Conservative, party.

免受損失、浪費、損害的；保存的

Operative treatment should be reserved for those patients in whom conservative treatment has failed and who are motivated with regard to sports.

2000, G. Puddu et al., “Achilles Tendon Injuries”, 出自 The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine, →ISBN，第 200 頁:


surgeon

來自中古英語 surgien，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 surgien、sirogen（對應古法語surgien等），來自通俗拉丁語 *chīrurgiānus，來自拉丁語 chīrūrgia (“外科手術”)，來自chīrurgus (“外科手術”)，源自古希臘語 χειρουργός (kheirourgós)，來自χείρ (kheír, “手”) + ἔργον (érgon, “工作”)。

The surgeon refused to operate because the patient was her son.

外科醫生拒絕上台手術，因為病人是她的兒子。


imagine

< 古法語 imaginer < 拉丁語 imāginor < imāginem ,imāgō (“圖像，畫像”)的賓格單數形式。

（不及物）使發揮某人的想象力

（及物）有目的地圖謀；密謀；策劃


imagine

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


gangrene

來自法語 gangrène，來自拉丁語 gangraena，來自古希臘語 γάγγραινα (gángraina, “壞疽”)。

/ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/

If gangrene sets in, we may have to amputate the foot.

如果坏疽发生，我们可能不得不截肢。

Women should earn equal wages with men for equal work done. Child marriages and polygamy are a gangrene on society.
女性应该与男性同工同酬。童婚和一夫多妻制是社会的毒瘤。

1960, Cora Vreede-de Stuers, The Indonesian woman: struggles and achievements


gangrene

/ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/

Vulneration or section sometimes procures a Gangrene, when the vital Principle is so debilitated, or enormous by the would, that instead of a good suppuration and vigorous transmutation, a depraved matter is generated, which corrupts and gangrenes the part: and thus a small cut of a finger or Toe hath gangrened, and killed the person: but in greater Wounds, the danger is greater, as more frequently to happen.

1682, Pains afflicting humane bodies, their various Difference, Causes, Parts affected, Signals of Danger or Safety，第 204 頁:

An intensely biting frost will gangrene the membrane ; a foggy state of the atmosphere, with low, black, stagnant exhalations, accompanied with sudden, frequent intermissions, interchanges, and oscillations of dryness and moisture, expansion and condensation, will corrupt and putrify both the membrane and the mucous discharge.

1762 December, John Chandler, “A Treatise of the Disease called a Cold”, 出自 The critical review, or annals of literature, 第 12 卷，第 423 頁:

For where it chances to be successful, it is like the copper shot of the Mexicans, which gangrenes the wound.

1851 December, “The Wit and Wickedness of Sarcasm”, 出自 The Ladies' Repository, 第 20 卷，第 224 頁:

If a man had a sore leg, and he should go to an honest, judicious chirurgeon, and he should only bid him keep it warm, and anoint it with such an oil, (an oil well known) that would do the cure; haply he would not much regard him, because he knows the medicine, beforehand an ordinary medicine; but if he should go to a surgeon that should tell him, your leg will gangrene within three days, and it must be cut off, and you will die, unless you do something that I could tell you, what listening there would be to this man?

1786, John Selden, Table Talk: Being the Discourses of John Selden:

The leg will gangrene if the superficial femoral vessels be torn.

1911, British Medical Journal - Volume 1911, Issues 1-3，第 239 頁:

If not, the toe will gangrene and fall off.

2005, Nikki Moustaki, Parrots For Dummies，第 282 頁:

That is true,” replied Almira, “nothing can be performed without labor, and where there is labor there will be discontent, and where there is no labor there will be heart-burning and jealousy about insignificant trifles, such as gangrenes the real pleasures of contemplation within these walls; walls, which would otherwise hold out an asylum, much to be prized by those who have been unfortunate, who have lost all their friends, or who are weary of the world."

1801, George Walker, The Three Spaniards:

The Stuart Restoration period was a necessary sequence of the Puritan period, and there is a similar cause for the sensualism that gangrenes the heart of our morbidly prudish Society of to-day.

1889 July, John Miller, “The Abuse of Marriage”, 出自 The Centennial Magazine: An Australian Monthly, 第 2 卷, 第 12 號，第 902 頁:

The same delusion will gangrene England within the lifetime of most men of military age unless she will realize that gold is dross ; that her poets, her artists, and her scholars are her very soul.

1930, P.R. Stephensen, The Legend of Aleister Crowley: A Study of the Facts:


Andorra

借自西班牙語 Andorra。

安道爾（南歐的微型國家，位於西班牙和法國之間；法定名稱： Principality of Andorra；首都及最大城市： Andorra la Vella）


wiktionary

It has also spawned a wiktionary, wikiquotes, wikinews, wikibooks and the wikimedia information commons

2007, Martin Parker, Valerie Fournier, Patrick Reedy, The Dictionary of Alternatives: Utopianism and Organization，第 313 頁:


wiktionary

However, with the increase in free resources like wiktionaries, or the increase in the number of translated materials available on the Internet

2011, Zygmunt Vetulani, Human Language Technology. Challenges for Computer Science:

PanLex draws on various lexical resources, including dictionaries, wiktionaries, glossaries, lexicons, word lists, terminologies, thesauri, wordnets, ontologies, vocabulary databases, namedentity resources, and standards

2011, Nikolas Coupland, The Handbook of Language and Globalization:

維基媒體基金會所營運的自由的線上詞典中的一個；某一特定語言的維基詞典

In fact the English Wiktionary edition contains entries for more than 400 languages, so that out of this source, more language specific wiktionaries could be created than there are actually officially listed.

2013, Anaïd Donabédian, Victoria Khurshudian, Max Silberztein, Formalising Natural Languages with NooJ，第 18 頁:


Asia

繼承自中古英語 Asia、Asie，來自古法語 Asie和拉丁語 Asia，來自古希臘語 Ᾰ̓σῐ́ᾱ (Asíā)，來自邁錫尼希臘語 𐀀𐀯𐀹𐀊 (a-si-wi-ja /aswijaː/)，也可能來自赫梯語 𒀸𒋗𒉿 (aš-šu-wa /Aššuwa/, “西北安納托力亞”)，起源未知。可能愛琴語系為基底或阿卡德語。可能是Assuwa 的同源對似詞。

轉變自地名的女性人名，用於現代

And Scott Haskell started going out with this sophomore girl called Asia, who was this rich girl from Weston Heights.

1994, Blake Nelson, Girl: A Novel, Simon&Schuster, →ISBN，第 81 頁:

亞細亞（羅馬帝國的舊省份，位於現今土耳其西部）


ananas

來自意大利語 ananas，來自法語 ananas，來自西班牙語 ananás，來自葡萄牙語 ananás，改自古圖皮語 nanas (“鳳梨”)。

The Apple Tree delights evry Eye, while the Anana gives no Notice of its future excellence.

1789, Hester Thrale Piozzi, Thraliana, 30 December:

一種美洲植物（Bromelia pinguin）可食用的果實。


Nepal

借自尼泊爾語 नेपाल (nepāla)。

尼泊爾（國家名，位於南亞）


cadmium

镉（化學元素，原子序為48，化學符號為Cd）


cautious

小心的，谨慎的，试探性的。


botany

2.一個地區的植物，一個地區的植物生態

3.植物(或某一種植物)的性狀


architect

architect
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：设计师
* 正體中文：設計師


buffer

正體: 緩衝器[電機工程]

正體: 緩衝器[通訊工程]

正體: 緩衝器；緩衝；緩衝區[自由軟體]

正體: 緩衝；緩衝器；緩衝區[電子計算機]

简体: 缓冲；缓冲器；缓冲器[区][自由软体]


cannon

正體: 加農砲[電子計算機]


cannon

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


design

We have designs on winning the league next season.

我們的目標是贏得下個賽季的聯賽。

To be hateful of the truth by design.

I give it you without any other design than to shew you that I reckon nothing dear to me, when I want to do you a pleasure.

我把它給你，沒有任何其他目的，只是想讓你知道，當我想讓你高興時，我什麼都不看重。

1763, Antoine-Simon Le Page du Pratz, History of Louisisana, PG，第 40 頁:

At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſhe ſtole out of her bed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign to ſteal them […]

1762, Charles Johnstone, The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools, 第 2 卷, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine, →OCLC，第 202 頁:

Lisicki will rise from her current ranking of 62 to at least 35 in the world on the back of her efforts at the All England Club, but she will have serious designs on a first Grand Slam title after overcoming the 2007 runner-up.

2011年June28日, Piers Newbery, “Wimbledon 2011: Sabine Lisicki beats Marion Bartoli”, 出自 BBC Sport:


design

She designed his retirement from the Royal Irish Artillery, and had negociated an immediate berth for him on the Staff of the Commander of the Forces, and a prospective one in the household of Lord Townshend […]

1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard:

The king designed to mount an expedition to the New World.

He was designed to the study of the law.

1700, John Dryden, Translations from Ovid's Epistles, Preface:


analysis

comparative analysis


welsh

有人認為源自Welsh (“威爾士人”)的貶義，但缺乏明確證據。對比gyp (“詐騙”)（可能源自gypsy (“吉普賽人”)）和jew (“騙取”)（源自Jew (“猶太人”)）。

以不支付債務（尤指賭債）的方式詐騙


aviation

拉丁文的avis，意義為鳥。

飛行的科學或飛行的技藝。


almighty

more almighty (comparative)
most almighty (superlative)


cellular

细胞的；由细胞组成的；细胞状的
* [简体]:蜂窝[通信]
* [正體]:細胞式的，蜂巢式的[通訊]
* 正體: 細胞式的，蜂巢式的[通訊工程]
* 正體: 格狀系統[電子計算機]


cellulose

纤维素
* 正體： 纖維素［電子計算機］


apt

apt
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：够格
* 正體中文：夠格


apt

apt
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：适切
* 正體中文：適切


assault

assault
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：突击
* 正體中文：突擊


assault

assault
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：冲锋
* 正體中文：衝鋒


assault

assault
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：进攻
* 正體中文：進攻


collagen

胶原蛋白，骨胶原(曾称)


argumentation

argumentation
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：论法
* 正體中文：論法


association

/əˌsəʊʃiˈeɪʃən/

/əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃən/

/əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/

［通訊工程］協會，結合，組合

［電子計算機］協會；結合


colloid

正體: 膠體；膠狀物[電機工程]

正體: 膠質[電子計算機]


data

借自拉丁語 datum (“所給予的”) 的主格複數形式、dō (“我給予”) 的主格過去分詞 data。date 的同源對似詞。

data 一詞常作不可數名詞，與動詞的單數形式使用，而較少用作可數名詞 datum 的複數形式。作為複數名詞與動詞的複數形式使用的情況僅多見於正式場合：在計算機科學和資料科學中例外，但醫學文獻中，此習性依然經常保留。

在大地測量學和幾何公差領域中，data 一詞專門用於不可數含義，而可數名詞 datum (指參考點或地面) 的複數形式為 datums，而非 data。

計算機領域中，data 的定義出自國際標準詞彙，這個定義旨在區分 data 與 information。然而，計算機專業常忽視其分別。

These data show clearly that X is correlated with Y, although they tell us nothing about causation.

這些資料清楚地顯示出 X 與 Y 相關，但它們並未告訴我們關於因果關係的任何信息。

First from these Data, let us obtain the Breadth of the Glass e z

首先，從這些資料中，我們得到玻璃的寬度 e z

1692年, 威廉莫利紐茲、愛德蒙哈雷, Dioptrica nova, London: Benj. Tooke，第 100 頁:

This data shows clearly that X is correlated with Y, although it tells us nothing about causation.

With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]

有了新的材料，分類學結論會受到這樣的認識影響：所檢查的材料反映了它所佔據的地點；而一個植物標本袋僅提供了做出可靠結論所需資料的一小部分。實際上，植物標本材料並不能讓人安全地推論：你看到的就是你得到的 […]

1992年, 魯道夫馬蒂亞斯舒斯特, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, 第 V 卷, 伊州芝加哥: 菲爾德自然史博物館, →ISBN，第 vii 頁:

Risk is everywhere.[…]For each one there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you. “The Norm Chronicles”[…]aims to help data-phobes find their way through this blizzard of risks.

風險無處不在。 […] 對於每一項風險，都有一個驚人精確的數值來衡量其從陰影中跳出來傷害你的可能性。《Norm Chronicles》 […] 旨在幫助資料恐懼症患者在這場風險的暴風雪中找到出路。

2013年June22日, “Snakes and ladders”, 出自 經濟學人, 第 407 卷, 第 8841 期，第 76 頁:

資料，研究者對社會現象中某些事實所作的的紀錄

:Template:nearsyn

同類詞：information

mobile data的缩略形式：行動數據

run out of data


assembly

assembly
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：组件
* 正體中文：組件


assembly

assembly
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：讲习会
* 正體中文：講習會


assembly

assembly
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：集会
* 正體中文：集會


arrogance

/ˈæɹ.ə.ɡəns/


analogy

借自拉丁語 analogia，來自古希臘語 ἀναλογίᾱ (analogíā)。

/əˈnæləd͡ʒi/

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


laboratory

來自中世紀拉丁語 labōrātōrium。

/ˈlæbɹəˌtɔɹi/

/ləˈbɔɹəˌtɔɹi/

/ləˈbɔɹətɹi/

/ləˈbɒɹət(ə)ɹiː/

/ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/

Again she read the passage that had riveted her attention; and, rising from her seat, carried the still open volume, and laid it on a slab by the furnace in the laboratory: it was a celebrated treatise on poisons, written in the fifteenth century.

1837, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], “The Laboratory”, 出自 Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […], 第 II 卷, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，第 325 頁:

[Isaac Newton] was obsessed with alchemy. He spent hours copying alchemical recipes and trying to replicate them in his laboratory. He believed that the Bible contained numerological codes.

2014年June21日, “Magician’s brain”, 出自 The Economist, 第 411 卷, 第 8892 期:


criterion

/kɹɪˈtɪəɹi.ən/


abscess

派生自拉丁語 abscessus，源自abscēdō (“走開，離開”)，源自 abs (“遠離”) + cēdō (“走”)。參見cede。

膿腫、膿瘡、潰瘍 （首次記錄於16世紀中期）


competition

/ˌkɒmpəˈtɪʃən/

/ˌkɑːmpəˈtɪʃən/

正體: 競爭[電子計算機,体育竞技]


deformation

形状损坏；变形；畸形；应变
* 正體: 形變[電機工程]
* 简体: 变形[船舶科技]
* 正體: 變形[造船工程]
* 简体: 变形[测绘学]
* 正體: 變形[測量學]


competent

more competent (comparative)
most competent (superlative)

有能力的，能胜任的；应该的；足够的；有


appendicitis

appendicitises (plural)
appendicitides (plural)
appendicites (plural)


commitment

正體: 承諾[電子計算機]


coastal

more coastal (comparative)
most coastal (superlative)


consideration

/kənˌsɪdəˈɹeɪʃən/


diaphragm

/ˈdaɪəˌfɹæm/

正體: 隔膜[電子計算機]


contempt

鄙夷, 轻蔑, 藐视, 受辱, 丢脸


collaboration

/kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/

正體： 合作［自由軟體］

简体： 协作［自由软体］

正體： 合作［電子計算機］


combustion

正體： 燃燒［電子計算機］


clay

荷蘭語: klei 〈陽〉

希腊语: άργιλος 〈陽〉

波兰语: glina 〈陰〉

葡萄牙语: argila 〈陰〉

俄語: глина 〈陰〉 (glina)

瑞典语: lera 〈通〉


aluminum

aluminium (“鋁”)在美式、加式、 和 菲律賓的标准拼写


cirrhosis

源自古希臘語 κιρρός (kirrhós, “黄褐色”) + -osis。


competence

能力，勝任；權能，權限，強性


estimate

借自拉丁語 aestimatus，是aestimō的過去分詞，舊形式為aestumo (“重視，尊敬，評價”)；來自古拉丁語 *ais-temos (“切銅的人”)，意指在羅馬共和國鑄造牆壁的人。參見esteem 的同源對似詞，以及aim。

“They know our boats will stand up to their work,” said Willison, “and that counts for a good deal. A low estimate from us doesn't mean scamped work, but just that we want to keep the yard busy over a slack time.”

1928, Lawrence R. Bourne, 章號 3, 出自 Well Tackled!:

估計數：對某些肯定數量的上限

The desired norm estimate is now obtained from the identity... [referring to an earlier statement saying that a certain norm is less than or equal to a certain expression]

1992, Louis de Branges, “The convergence of Euler functions”, 出自 Journal of Functional Analysis, →DOI，第 185 頁:


estimate

I estimate that I need 400 board feet of lumber to complete a job, and then order 350 because I do not want a surplus, or perhaps order 450 because I do not want to make any subsequent orders.

1965, Ian Hacking, Logic of Statistical Inference:

Higher real prices for durables are estimated to have reduced their consumption per capita by 1.09% in 1930, […]

2003, Alexander J. Field, Gregory Clark, William A. Sundstrom, Research in Economic History:

It is always very difficult to estimate the age in which you are living.

1870, John Campbell Shairp, Culture and Religion in Some of Their Relations:


earthquake

繼承自中古英語 erthequake，可以拆解為 earth + quake。取代了中古英語 eorð byfung (“地震”)，後者源自古英語 eorþbeofung (字面意思是“土地搖動”)。

地震（由火山活動或地質斷層周圍的運動引起的地面震動）（自14世紀起）

Her alablaster brest she soft did kis, / Which all that while shee felt to pant and quake, / As it an Earth-quake were: at last she thus bespake.

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book III, Canto II”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

Last year's earthquake crushed his house, his livelihood and very nearly his leg, he said, pointing to a plastered limb that refuses to heal.

2006年October6日, Declan Walsh, The Guardian:

特指發生在地球上的地面震動 （20世紀起）

Since the response of some man-made structures to the ground motion near the epicenter is highly dependent on frequency, a significant difference in potential damage to the structures is expected between earthquakes and moonquakes.

1988, Jürgen Oberst, Yosio Nakamura, “A seismic risk for the lunar base”, 出自 The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, 第 1 卷, NASA，第 231–233 頁s:

The wave patterns, too, are strikingly different: The secondary (S) waves and surface waves on lunar seismograms are not generally as clearly defined and distinct as are those of earthquakes.

2006, Bruce A. Bolt, Earthquakes, Fifth Edition:

唐突劇變；具嚴重破壞性的事件

As we have seen, economic earthquakes often result in political shockwaves. […] He highlights a correlation between those states with the highest robot density and those states that unexpectedly swung behind Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, namely Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.

2019年July11日, John Thornhill, “Does tech threaten to rerun the worst of the Industrial Revolution?”, 出自 Financial Times:

Leo Varadkar has announced he is standing down as Ireland’s prime minister and also giving up his role as leader of the Fine Gael party in the ruling coalition, in a surprise move described by pundits as a “political earthquake” for the country.

2024年March20日, Jon Henley, “Leo Varadkar steps down as Irish prime minister in shock move”, 出自 The Guardian, →ISSN:


earthquake

Watch the Philippines very closely for the next little while. There is rumbling and earthquaking deep within Pinatubo and increased earthquaking within Mayon.

1993, Gyeorgos C. Hatonn, The Best of Times: The Worst of Times，第 129 頁:


consume

標準英音，英國，澳大利亞

To use（使用；耗費）

To eat（吃；食用）


collocation

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 collocātiō。字面分析等同於 col- + location。

/ˌkɒləˈkeɪʃən/

正體: 連語[電子計算機]


ashamed

ashamed
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：惭愧
* 正體中文：慚愧


ashamed

ashamed
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：没有脸皮
* 正體中文：沒有臉皮


ashamed

ashamed
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：没脸
* 正體中文：沒臉


ashamed

ashamed
====翻译====
翻譯
* 简体中文：羞惭
* 正體中文：羞慚


colitis

Crohn's disease and colitis


stary

starier (comparative)
stariest (superlative)

starey的另一種拼寫法

Buddy Eagleton was ahead of Reppler and he turned to run, his eyes wide and stary.


chain

正體: 鏈；鏈接[自由軟體]

正體: 鍊；鍊接[電子計算機]


chain

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


enough

放在名词前后作修饰性定语时，表示“具有令人满意数量特征的”，如：


enough

放在动词、形容词或另一个副词作状語，表示“达到令人满意程度地”如：


enough

不定代詞，用作主语或宾语，表示“足够的数目/充足的数量”，如：


colic

借自法語 colique。最終源自古希臘語 κωλικός (kōlikós, “結腸受苦”, adj).

腹部劇烈疼痛或引起此類疼痛的疾病（由於腸道或腸道相關問題）。

嚴重煩躁和哭泣，尤其是患有某些疾病的嬰兒。

用於緩解此類症狀的藥用植物。


erythrocyte

/əˈɹɪθɹəˌsaɪt/


BCG

Bacillus of Calmette and Guérin / Bacille Calmette-Guérin (“卡介苗”)之首字母縮略詞。


epithelium

/ˌɛpɪˈθiːlɪəm/


deduction

源自中古法語 déduction，源自拉丁語 deductio。
相當於 deduct + -ion 或 deduce + -tion。


consent

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


consent

正體: 插座[電子計算機]


disintegrate

崩潰，分裂；分解；蛻變；衰變；倒塌


detection

派生自拉丁語 dētēctiō。

[简体]:检测，检波[电子电机工程]

[正體]:檢波[電子電機工程]

正體: 檢波[電機工程]

正體: 檢測，偵測，檢波[通訊工程]

正體: 檢測[電子計算機]


cuckoo

（以 A cuckoo in the nest 的形式）被发现在不该在的地方的人


explosive

#爆炸性的
* 正體: 炸藥[電子計算機]


exposure

[简体]:曝光[电子电机工程]

[正體]:曝光[電子電機工程]

正體: 曝光；露光；曝露[電機工程]

简体: 曝光[信息科技]

正體: 曝光[電子計算機]


dissuade

Jane dissuaded Martha from committing suicide.


carrot

源自中古法語 carotte ← 拉丁語 carōta ← 古希臘語 καρῶτον (karôton)。同carotte。代替本土詞more ← 古英語 moru。
* “激勵的工具”是指carrot and stick (“胡蘿蔔加大棒”)。
* 動詞一義源自烘乾後皮毛呈橙色。

carrot：


carrot

（毛氈製作工藝中）給毛皮用硝酸汞處理


dispatch

(货物从发货地、商家)寄出


discourse

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


devil

devils
deviling
devilling
deviled
devilled

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


contamination

sample contamination

正體： 污染［電機工程］

简体： 污染，混杂［信息科技］

正體： 污染［電子計算機］


emperor

In imperial China, it was often a responsibility of the emperor to evaluate his predecessor after the latter's death.


entertain

[ˌɛɾ̃ɚˈtʰeɪn]

招待，款待; 使欢乐, 使娱乐


expenditure

支出，消費; 花費, 使用,支出額；經費

正體: 支出，消費[電子計算機]


external

more external (comparative)
most external (superlative)

正體: 外部的[自由軟體]

简体: 外部[自由软体]

正體: 外部的[電子計算機]


decay

civic and moral decay

systemic decay

I fancied at first the stuff was paraffin wax, and smashed the jar accordingly. But the odor of camphor was unmistakable. It struck me as singularly odd, that among the universal decay, this volatile substance had chanced to survive, perhaps through many thousand years.

1895, H. G. Wells, 章號 X, 出自 The Time Machine:


decay

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

正體: 衰減[電子計算機]


draught

来自古英语dræht，来自draġan，拉。


dynamic

more dynamic (comparative)
most dynamic (superlative)

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


dynamic

动力的；能动的；机能上的；有生气的

正體: 動態的，機動式的[通訊工程]

正體: 動態[自由軟體]

简体: 动态[自由软体]

正體: 動態[電子計算機]


flaw

正體: 瑕疵[電機工程]

正體: 缺陷[自由軟體]

简体: 缺陷[自由软体]


ammonia

來自拉丁語 sal ammoniacus (“阿蒙的鹽，氯化銨”)，因為它在埃及的（朱庇特）阿蒙神廟附近被發現而得名。Ammon衍生自古希臘語 Ἄμμων (Ámmōn)，來自埃及語 jmn (i-mn:n-A4)。

Never use ammonia to clean metal writing pens.

千萬不要用氨水來清洗金屬筆。

Slowly we rode down to the camp - a very sorrowful party. We took "Nep" straight to the surgery, where the doctor instantly applied injections of ammonia, then the new remedy for snake bite.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia，第 95 頁:


approximate

來自拉丁語 approximatus，是approximare (“接近”)的現在分詞；ad + proximare，見proximate。

more approximate (comparative)
most approximate (superlative)

靠近；貼近；相近、近乎相同

大概；約略；近乎準確、正確的；近似的

Approximate results or values.

例句：
#:* 近似的結果或值。

To help carry out its mission, NASA's Genesis spacecraft has on board an ion monitor to record the speed, density, temperature and approximate composition of the solar wind ions.

例句：
#:* 為了執行其任務，美國太空總署的起源號探測器使用它機上的離子監測器，去記錄太陽風離子的速度、密度和溫度來推測它的組成方式。


mob

源自中古英語 mob，mobile的縮略,，源自英語 mobile (“mōbile (vulgus)”)。遊戲中的意思源自mobile，由Richard Bartle用於早期MUD。

Had every Athenian citizen been a Socrates, every Athenian assembly would still have been a mob.

(我們能否確認James Madison引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？), Jr.

【集合名詞】 一群動物，例如馬或牛

黑手黨或從事有組織犯罪的類似組織

1920, Mary Roberts Rinehart, Avery Hopwood, 章號 I, 出自 The Bat: A Novel from the Play (Dell Book; 241), New York, N.Y.: Dell Publishing Company, →OCLC，第 01 頁:

What if it is a mob killing? They can’t hurt me, but …

1986, Paul Chadwick, Concrete: Under the Desert Stars, Dark Horse Books

【電子遊戲】非玩家角色(NPC)，泛指為了進行遊戲而被殺死的角色。

You can't win with small, balanced groups. You have to zerg the mob with a high number of players.

2002, "Wolfie", Re: Whoa - massive changes due in next patch (on newsgroup alt.games.everquest)

【澳大利亞原住民】一群凝聚力強的人。

There’s nothing like local knowledge and after thousands of years living here the Noongar mob understand this land better than anyone, so it makes sense for them to tap into the lucrative tourism industry.

2011 March 10, Allan Clarke, W.A. through Noongar eyes


mob

圍觀（某人），有時充滿敵意。

Politicians have been turning up to Glastonbury for years, but this year the leader of the opposition was among the most hotly anticipated attractions: when he arrived on site, his Land Rover was mobbed by fans.

2017年June26日, Alexis Petridis, “Glastonbury 2017 verdict: Radiohead, Foo Fighters, Lorde, Stormzy and more”, 出自 the Guardian:


mob

(我們能否查找並添加Goldsmith引用過本詞的語句？)


consultant

請教者；商議者；顧問，會診醫生

［S：计量学］顾问；咨询


envelope

[简体]:包络[电子电机工程]

[正體]:封包[電子電機工程]

[简体]:"包迹,封头,波封"[通信]

[正體]:包跡，封頭，波封[通訊]

正體: 包跡；包線；波封[電機工程]

正體: 包跡，封頭，波封[通訊工程]

正體: 分封線；封套[自由軟體]

简体: 包；封[自由软体]


ghost

正體: 重像[電機工程]

简体: 重影[信息科技]

正體: 重影[電子計算機]


advocate

借自古法語 advocat，来自拉丁語 advocātus（advocāre (“呼籲”)）的過去分詞，借译自古希臘語 παράκλητος (paráklētos)（英語 paraclete的词源）。advoke、avouch、 和 avow 的同源對似詞。

這位律師是鎮上為數不多的優秀兒童律师之一。

The lawyer was one of a few good child advocates in town.

提倡者，拥护者，鼓吹者。(+ for, of)

擁護性工作者權益的人

她一直是改革的堅定倡導者。

She has been a strong advocate for reform.


advocate

（及物动词）主张，拥护，鼓吹。

我喜歡樹，但我不主张住在樹里。

I like trees, but I do not advocate living in them.

“localist” politicians who advocate self-determination to be voted into power

主張用選票實現自治的“本土派”


red

源自中古英語 red，源自古英語 rēad，源自原始西日耳曼語 *raud，源自原始日耳曼語 *raudaz（對比西弗里斯蘭語 read、低地德語 root、rod、荷蘭語 rood、德語 rot、丹麥語、書面挪威語 rød、新挪威語 raud），源自原始印歐語 *h₁rowdʰós，來自詞根*h₁rewdʰ-（對比威爾士語 rhudd、拉丁語 ruber、rufus、吐火羅語A rtär、吐火羅語B ratre、古希臘語 ἐρυθρός (eruthrós)、阿爾巴尼亞語 pruth (“紅髮人”)、教會斯拉夫語 рудъ (rudŭ)、捷克語 rudý、立陶宛語 raúdas、阿維斯陀語 𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬙𐬀 (raoidita)、梵語 रुधिर (rudhirá, “紅色的，血腥的”)）。

redder (comparative)
more red (comparative)
reddest (superlative)
most red (superlative)

Amerind

美洲原住民的，印第安人的

red whortleberry (Vaccinium vitis-idaea)

The girl wore a red skirt.

女孩穿著一條紅色的短裙。

Your colour, I warrant you, is as red as any rose.

我保證，你的顏色，就和薔薇一樣紅。

c. 1596–1599, William Shakespeare, “The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act II, scene iv]:

The flowers glowed red and golden: snapdragons and sunflowers, and nasturtians trailing all over the turf walls and peeping in at the round windows.

1954年July29日, J.R.R. Tolkien, “I: A Long-Expected Party”, 出自 The Fellowship of the Ring (The Lord of the Rings; 1), →ISBN:

Her hair had red highlights.

紅色花色（紅桃或方塊）的；對比black (“梅花或黑桃花色的”)

I got two red queens, and he got one of the black queens.

我有兩張紅色的Q，他有一張黑色的Q。

美洲原住民的，印第安人的

特定觀測中電磁頻譜低頻部分（通常可見）的

支持以紅色為代表色的政黨的： 左翼的（尤指社會主義或共產主義，包括英國工黨和德國德國社會民主黨）

the red-black grand coalition in Germany

德國社民黨-基民盟聯合政府

支持以紅色為代表色的政黨的： 美國共和黨的

a red state

a red Congress


red

社會主義者或共產主義者；(首字母常大寫) 布爾什維克

同類詞：pinko

red：

His face turned red in embarrassment.

A bottle of red, a bottle of white / It all depends upon your appetite / I'll meet you any time you want / in our Italian restaurant.

1977 September, Billy Joel （作曲作詞）, “Scenes from an Italian Restaurant”, 出自 The Stranger:

He produced a wine key from his jacket pocket and effortlessly removed the cork from the bottle of red.

2005, Jeffrey P. Landry, Temptation Mango:

59 sneak in some red Smuggle a bottle of wine, two glasses, and a corkscrew into a long matinee. Red wine is rich in life-extending antioxidants, and the caper will add zest even to a bad movie.

2008 January–February, “70 Ways to Improve Every Day of the Week”, 出自 Men's Health, 第 23 卷, 第 1 期, →ISSN，第 135 頁:

What in the world ever became of sweet Jane? / She lost her sparkle, you know she isn't the same / Livin' on reds, vitamin C, and cocaine

1970, “Truckin'”, 出自 American Beauty, 演出者 Grateful Dead:

The big market, these days, is in Downers. Reds and smack—Seconal and heroin—and a hellbroth of bad domestic grass sprayed with everything from arsenic to horse tranquillizers.

1971, Hunter S. Thompson, Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas, Harper Perennial, 出版於 2005，第 202 頁:

Stopping on the red, you're going on the green / Cause tonight will be like nothing you've ever seen / And you're barreling down the boulevard / You're looking for the heart of Saturday night

1974, Tom Waits （作曲作詞）, “(Looking for) The Heart of Saturday Night”, 出自 The Heart of Saturday Night:

辣豆醬（一般用在短語“bowl of red”中）

Houston visited a home in an early pioneer settlement where he was offered a bowl of red. Houston eagerly took his first large spoonful. His eyes watering, he spat out his bite […]

1982, The Rotarian (volume 140, number 1, page 39)

The species Sciaenops ocellatus certainly isn’t lacking for nicknames.[…] Clear water also favors sightcasting. Against the dark background of marsh mud, a red will appear like a pumpkin — big, orange and round.

2013 November, Catch Cormier, “Sightcasting for redfish”, 出自 Louisiana Sportsman:


red

rede 的過去式和過去分詞


fist

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


ATM

ass to mouth (“從肛門拔出後直接入口”)之首字母縮略詞。

automated teller machine之首字母縮略詞 或 automatic teller machine (“自動櫃員機”)之首字母縮略詞。

Too often California is relegated to serving as the nation’s political ATM.

asynchronous transfer mode (“非同步傳輸模式”)之首字母縮略詞。

active traffic management (“動態交通管理”)之首字母縮略詞。

advanced traffic management (“智能交通管理”)之首字母縮略詞。

air traffic management (“空中交通管理”)之首字母縮略詞。

ass to mouth (“從肛門拔出後直接入口”)之首字母縮略詞。

amateur telescope maker (“業餘望遠鏡製造者”)之首字母縮略詞。

at the market之首字母縮略詞，參見at-the-market offering。


ATM

at the moment (“此刻，目前”)之首字母縮略詞。


filter

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


excessive

繼承自中古英語 excessive，excessif，來自古法語 excessif，來自中世紀拉丁語 excessivus。

more excessive (comparative)
most excessive (superlative)

Putting a wide vibrato on a single 16th triplet note at 160 beats per minute seems rather excessive.


hydrocarbon

正體: 碳氫化合物[電子計算機]


hydration

正體: 水合（作用）[電機工程]


identification

/ɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

[简体]:辨识[电子电机工程]

[正體]:辨識[電子電機工程]

正體: 識別；鑑別[電機工程]

正體: 識別[電子計算機]


yoghurt

借自鄂圖曼土耳其語 یوغورت（現代土耳其語 yoğurt）。

yogurt的另一種拼寫法


hydrolysis

正體: 水解[電子計算機]


illustration

/ˌɪləˈstɹeɪʃən/


dominate

正體: 超越， 高階[電子計算機]


imprint

正體: 印記[電子計算機]


helmet

正體: 護盔[電機工程]

简体: 头盔[信息科技]

正體: 頭盔[電子計算機]


impulse

正體: 衝擊；脈衝[電機工程]

正體: 脈衝[通訊工程]

简体: 冲激[信息科技]

正體: 脈衝[電子計算機]


heir

Felix: "You must be a new student. My name is Felix Huxley, heir to the Applesoft empire.
#*:: Felix：「你一定是個新學生。我的名字是Felix Huxley，Applesoft財團的繼承人。」

2019；Con Man Games、SmashGames；Kindergarten 2；SmashGames；School Yard


incidence

正體: 入射[通訊工程]

正體: 關聯，入射[電子計算機]


extraordinary

派生自拉丁語 extrāōrdinārius，來自extrā ōrdinem。字面分析等同於 extra- + ordinary。extraordinaire 的同源對似詞。

more extraordinary (comparative)
most extraordinary (superlative)

/ˌɛkstɹəˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnəɹi/

/ˌɛkstɹəˈɔː(ɹ)dɪnɹi/

Except in extraordinary circumstances, […]


induction

正體: 感應（現象）[電機工程]

正體: 感應[電子計算機]


fraternity

原始印歐語詞
 *bʰréh₂tēr
繼承自中古英語 fraternite，來自古法語 fraternité，來自拉丁語 frāternitās。


genus

源自 拉丁語 genus，源自 拉丁語 gignere， 古拉丁語 gegnere

genera (plural)
genuses (plural)
genusses (plural)


hostility

敵意，敵視；敵對狀態，敵對行為


intrinsic

發於內在的，啟發於內心的。


iodine

碘(化學元素，原子序為53，化學符號為I)


desirable

more desirable (comparative)
most desirable (superlative)

/dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

合意的，令人滿意的，可取的

This applicant has almost all desirable properties.

這個申請者幾乎有所有（我們）需要的素質。

With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]

1992年, 魯道夫馬蒂亞斯舒斯特, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, 第 V 卷, 伊州芝加哥: 菲爾德自然史博物館, →ISBN，第 vii 頁:


desirable

/dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/

想要的東西；理想的東西。

There are plenty of desirables on display in the window.

櫥窗裡展示有很多[我們]想要的東西。


implication

正體: 蘊含，隱含式[電子計算機]


irrigation

/ˌɪɹəˈɡeɪʃən/


implicit

implicit (無比較級)
含蓄的，不言明的；内含的;固有的；无疑的，
无保留


glossary

來自中古英語 glosarie，來自拉丁語 glossārium，來自古希臘語 γλῶσσα (glôssa, “舌頭”)。

At the back of the book you can find the glossary.

在書的末尾，你會看到術語表。

同類詞：terminology


extremely

more extremely (comparative)
most extremely (superlative)


isotope

正體: 同位素[電機工程]

正體: 同位素[電子計算機]


latency

正體: 潛伏期[電機工程]

简体: 潜伏时间，等待时间[信息科技]

正體: 潛伏[電子計算機]


intuition

/ˌɪntjʊˈɪʃən/


insoluble

more insoluble (comparative)
most insoluble (superlative)


lateral

正體: 橫向的；橫支[電機工程]

正體: 橫向[電子計算機]


interference

[简体]:干扰[电子电机工程]

正體: 干擾；干涉[電機工程]

正體: 干擾[通訊工程]

正體: 干擾[電子計算機]

[正體]:干擾[電子電機工程]


interaction

/ˌɪntəɹˈækʃən/

正體: （相）互作用[電機工程]

简体: 交互作用[测绘学]

正體: 交互作用[測量學]

简体: 相互作用[大气]

正體: 交互作用[氣象]

简体: 交互[作用][信息科技]

正體: 交互作用[計算機]

正體: 互動；交互作用[自由軟體]

简体: 交互[自由软体]

正體: 交互作用[電子計算機]


investment

投资，投资额；覆盖;包围；授职(仪式)


innovative

more innovative (comparative)
most innovative (superlative)

/ˈɪn.əˌveɪɾɪv/

innovatory

革新的，創新的；富有革新精神的

革新的，創新的；富有革新精神的


invoke

正體: 挑取；調用[自由軟體]

简体: 【动】启用[自由软体]

正體: 引動[電子計算機]


identity

源自中古法語 identité ,源自 拉丁語 idem (“相同的”)。對比identical和idem。


emotional

more emotional (comparative)
most emotional (superlative)

/ɪˈməʊʃənəl/

/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/

emotional greeting

emotional crisis

emotional lift

emotional decision

emotional speech

She’s an emotional person.

她是個容易受到情緒影響的人。


emotional

/ɪˈməʊʃənəl/

/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/


inflammatory

more inflammatory (comparative)
most inflammatory (superlative)


lodge

(农作物杆、茎部在外力作用下)伏倒


awkward

來自awk (“怪異的，笨拙的”) + -ward。

more awkward (comparative)
most awkward (superlative)

Than groned the knyght for his grymme woundis, and gyrdis to Sir Gawayne and awkewarde hym strykes, and […] kut thorow a vayne[…].
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）


awkward

來自awk (“怪異的，笨拙的”) + -ward。

awkwarder (comparative)
more awkward (comparative)
awkwardest (superlative)
most awkward (superlative)

clumsy

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

lubberly

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

ungraceful

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

unhandy

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

dexterous

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

gainly

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

graceful

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

handy

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

skillful

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

不靈巧的，笨拙的，彆扭的

John was awkward at performing the trick. He'll have to practice to improve.

John在耍那個戲法的時候笨手笨腳的。他還是要練習才能提高。

That was an extremely awkward moment. Everyone was watching.

那一刻真的非常尷尬，大家都在看著。

An awkward silence had fallen.

I'm very awkward at parties.

Things get very awkward whenever 60-year old men use cheesy pick-up lines on me.

每有60多歲的老人用老土的搭訕語句找我攀談時，我都不知道該怎麼辦才好。

任性的 （指人）；不方便的，難以應付的，棘手的

He's a right awkward chap.

These cabinets are going to be very awkward when we move.

我們搬家時這些陳列櫃會很難處理。

Clearing up rock and fallen vegetation at such an awkward site required a team of specialist geoengineers.

2020年August26日, Andrew Mourant, “Reinforced against future flooding”, 出自 Rail，第 61 頁:


awkward

來自awk (“怪異的，笨拙的”) + -ward。

笨拙的人；尷尬的情況；任性的人等 （可以使用上述形容詞形容的人或物）

Another important branch of deportment was to seat the awkwards stiffly on the extreme edge of a chair, fold the hands on the very precarious lap, droop the eyes in a pensive way.

1912, Eliza Ripley, Social Life in Old New Orleans, Being Recollections of My Girlhood, New York, N.Y., London: D. Appleton & Company, →OCLC:

'What periods are you talking about?' / 'The monthly awkwards. Didn't the girls at Molyneux have them when you were managing director?' / The Rabbit leaned forward, sniffing the air in the immediate vicinity. 'Either you've been drinking or you've got some girl into trouble. Or am I being unfair to you and it's both?'

1998, Leo Marks, Between Silk and Cyanide: The Story of SOE's Code War, London: HarperCollins, →ISBN:

That is a way to make awkwards. And it's not fun to hang out with awkwards more than once.

2014, Grace Helbig, Grace's Guide: The Art of Pretending to Be a Grown-up, New York, N.Y.: Touchstone Books, Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，第 76 頁:


blame

繼承自中古英語 blame，源自古法語 blame、blasme，由動詞blasmer產生，而它又衍生自晚期拉丁語 blastēmāre，blasphēmāre的變體，來自古希臘語 βλασφημέω (blasphēméō)。blaspheme 的同源對似詞。取代本土的古英語 tǣling (“責備”)、tǣlan (“責備”)。

Blame came from all directions.

The blame for starting the fire lies with the arsonist.

起火的责任应由纵火犯承担。

They accepted the blame, but it was an accident.

他们承受了指责，但这只是一次意外。

原始程式碼控制，可顯示哪位使用者對某部分的原始程式碼負責


blame

繼承自中古英語 blamen，源自古法語 blasmer，來自晚期拉丁語 blasphēmāre (“責罵，辱罵”)，來自古希臘語 βλασφημέω (blasphēméō)。blaspheme 的同源對似詞。從本土詞wite (“責備、指責、譴責、懷疑”)（來自中古英語 wīten、中古英語 wītan）變為常見用語。

though my loue be not so lewdly bent, / As those ye blame, yet may it nought appease / My raging smart [...].

尽管我的爱不像你说的卑贱，/ 然而我剧烈的痛苦一点未减，/ 也没法熄灭我心中的火焰 …

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book III, Canto II”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

That was the year that Sir Richard was writing his volume on Domestic Life in Tartary. The critics all blamed it for a lack of concentration.

1919, Saki, ‘The Oversight’, The Toys of Peace:

I covered the serious programmes too, and indeed, right from the start, I spent more time praising than blaming.

2006, Clive James, North Face of Soho, Picador, 出版於 2007，第 106 頁:

For knighthoods loue, do not so foule a deed, / Ne blame your honour with so shamefull vaunt / Of vile reuenge.

别这样无耻复仇，丢自己的脸。

1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book II, Canto VIII”, 出自 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

The student driver was blamed for the accident.

事故责任归咎于学生司机。

After what happened at the wedding, I wouldn't blame you if you never spoke to them again.

婚礼上发生了那件事之后，如果你再也不和他们说话了，我不会责怪你。

We blamed the accident on the student driver.

我们把事故归咎于学生司机。


blame

damn的委婉 （強調）

"He yarns good," said Tom Platt. "T'other night he told us abaout a kid of his own size steerin' a cunnin' little rig an' four ponies up an' down Toledo, Ohio, I think 'twas, an' givin' suppers to a crowd o' sim'lar kids. Cur'us kind o' fairy-tale, but blame interestin'. He knows scores of 'em."

1897, Rudyard Kipling, Captains Courageous:


magnet

正體: 磁體；磁鐵[電機工程]


esophagus

Bad, the Warhol-produced film directed by Jed Johnson, playing at the Saxon in the esophagus of the Combat Zone, […]

1977年April30日, Steve Blevins, “A Sack-full of Films”, 出自 Gay Community News，第 11 頁:

They call me the Hiphopopotamus / Flows that glow like phosphorous / Popping off the top of this esophagus / Rocking this metropolis

他们叫我河马 / 像磷光一样发光的流体 / 从食道顶部喷涌而出/ 震撼这座大都市

2008, “Hiphopopotamus vs. Rhymenoceros”, 演出者 Flight of the Conchords:


margin

正體: 版邊；留白；界；利潤；端距；邊距；邊際利潤；邊緣；界線；邊界；安全係數[電子計算機]

正體: 邊限[自由軟體]

简体: 版口；页边空白[自由软体]


escalate

Violence escalated during the election.

The shooting escalated the existing hostility.

槍擊事件使現有的敵意升級。

"Operating the WCML at this intensity makes it challenging to maintain acceptable performance levels, resulting in a frustratingly unreliable service for passengers. Minor disruption can escalate into significant delays because a train running only a few minutes late can miss its slot across a junction, resulting in a snowballing effect across the network."

2020年May6日, Philip Haigh, “Just one more stop on the long journey to HS2 fulfillment [sic]”, 出自 Rail，第 65 頁:

在技術支援中，將客戶或問題等移交給上一級主管部門。

The tech 1 escalated the caller to a tech 2.

技術員1將來電者轉移給技術員2。


mechanism

正體: 機構；機構學[電機工程]

简体: 机制[信息科技]

正體: 機制[自由軟體]

简体: 机制[自由软体]

正體: 機構[電子計算機]


maze

[電子計算機]迷陣；迷路


mature

/məˈtʃʊ(ə)ɹ/


mesh

正體: 網目[電機工程]

正體: 嚙合；網；網目[電子計算機]


larva

larvas (plural)
larvae (plural)
larvæ (plural)


guilt

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


magnetic

more magnetic (comparative)
most magnetic (superlative)

正體: 磁（性）的[電子計算機]


mill

正體: 碾磨機；研磨機[電子計算機]


meteorology

/ˌmiːtɪəˈɹɒlədʒi/


ultimatum

來自拉丁語 ultimatus (“晚期，最後的”)，來自拉丁語 ultimus (“極端，最後， 最遠的，最大限度的，最終”)


moisture

正體: 濕度；水分[電機工程]

正體: 濕氣；溫度；潮度[電子計算機]


knight

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


initiate

/ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.ət/

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


initiate

/ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.ət/

開始；創始；發動；使入門；正式介紹；引進

正體: 啟動[電子計算機]


initiate

more initiate (comparative)
most initiate (superlative)

/ɪˈnɪʃ.ɪ.ət/

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


morphology

正體: 語形學[電機工程]

简体: 词法[信息科技]

正體: 語源學[計算機]

正體: 語源學[電子計算機]


immunology

Obviously, licentiates to practice medicine should receive instruction of a definite and practical nature in this important branch of modern medicine, or immunology should receive a place in the classification of specialties, a fact which the importance of the subject may command.

1915, Benjamin Abraham Thomas, Applied Immunology:


landscape

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


managerial

more managerial (comparative)
most managerial (superlative)

/ˌmænəˈdʒɪəɹi.əl/

經理的；管理人的；管理上的，經營上的


nomenclature

正體: 命名法[電機工程]


liberation

:< 法語 libération < 拉丁語 liberatio < liberare，过去分词：liberatus。 另见 liberate、liberal。


nodule

/ˈnɑːd͡ʒuːl/


ion

[简体]:离子[电子电机工程]

[正體]:離子[電子電機工程]

正體: 離子；游子[電機工程]

简体: 离子[信息科技]

正體: 離子[電子計算機]


macula

繼承自中古英語 macula，來自拉丁語 macula。macchia 的同源對似詞。


officinal

药房现成有售的；依据药典配制的；药用的


suspect

來自古法語 suspect，來自拉丁語 suspectus，suspiciō (“不信任，懷疑”)的完整體被動分詞，來自sub (“底下”) + speciō (“看，看著”)。

揣測；想象或假設某事物為真或存在

to suspect the presence of disease

From her hand I could suspect no ill.

1667, John Milton, “Book 9”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets.

2013年June7日, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 第 188 卷, 第 26 期，第 18 頁:

to suspect the truth of a story

An inhabitant of Gubio, in the duchy of Urbino, in Italy, suspecting the fidelity of his wife, he, in a fit of jealousy, in order to find out whether his suspicion was true, did what the ecclesiastick history informs us Origen did from devotion.

1785, James Ridgway, A Dictionary of Literary Conversation:

I suspect him of being the thief.


suspect

Round up the usual suspects.

1942, Casablanca, written by Julius J. Epstein、Philip G. Epstein and Howard Koch


suspect

more suspect (comparative)
most suspect (superlative)

In his first book since the 2008 essay collection Natural Acts: A Sidelong View of Science and Nature, David Quammen looks at the natural world from yet another angle: the search for the next human pandemic, what epidemiologists call “the next big one.” His quest leads him around the world to study a variety of suspect zoonoses—animal-hosted pathogens that infect humans.

2013年January20日, Katie L. Burke, “Ecological Dependency”, 出自 American Scientist, 第 101 卷, 第 1 期，於2017-02-09歸檔自原頁面，第 64 頁:

Facing a backlash over the use of the term “cosmopolitan,” [Josh] Hawley later defended himself against accusations of antisemitism on Twitter as “an ardent advocate of the state of Israel and the Jewish people.” But this conflation of the state of Israel and the Jewish people is the entire point. To today’s far right, Israel is a firm ally against Islam, while “cosmopolitans,” many of whom just happen to be Jewish, are suspect.

2019年July24日, David Austin Walsh, “Flirting With Fascism”, 出自 Jewish Currents:

What appears suspect about the Beeching Report is how quickly it was railroaded through, with the answers manufactured before the questions were asked.

2023年March8日, Howard Johnston, “Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, 出自 RAIL, 第 978 期，第 52 頁:

Now I’m suspect of other advice that I read in your pages.

2004, Will Nickell, letter to the editor of Field & Stream, Volume CIX Number 8 (December 2004–January 2005), page 18


lucid

lucider (comparative)
more lucid (comparative)
lucidest (superlative)
most lucid (superlative)

神志清醒的；清楚的;易懂的


wales

wale的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


oxide

正體: 氧化物[電子計算機]


narration

/ˌnəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

[ˌnəˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩]

/ˌnɛɚˈɹeɪ.ʃən/

[ˌnɛɚˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩]


navigation

/nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/


library

:< 中古英語 librarie < 盎格魯-諾曼語 librarie < 古法語 librairie < 拉丁語 librārium (“书架”) < 拉丁語 librarius < 拉丁語 liber （“树皮；书”），可能源自原始印欧语词根 * (leub(h))（“脱，剥”）。 取代了中古英語固有词 bochus, bochous（“书馆”， < 古英語 bōchūs（“书馆”））。

（书、激光唱片等的）个人收藏

系列丛书（或磁带等）；文库

公用程式；程式館；資料館；程式庫


merge

使(企业等)合并；使结合；吞没；并吞

正體: 合併[自由軟體]

简体: 【动】归（合）并[自由软体]

正體: 合併；併入；歸併；合併程序；拼接[電子計算機]


parasite

/ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/

/ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/

/ˈpɛɹəˌsaɪt/

寄生虫，寄生菌，攀附植物

正體: 寄生[電機工程]


beriberi

可能借自僧加羅語短語 බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “我不能，我不能”)（因為虛弱導致做不了事）。


nocturnal

more nocturnal (comparative)
most nocturnal (superlative)


magnificent

more magnificent (comparative)
most magnificent (superlative)

（体型等）优美的；极其美丽的；健壮的


partition

正體: 分區；分割[自由軟體]

简体: 分区[自由软体]

简体: 分区[信息科技]

正體: 分區，分割，區間，劃分[計算機]

正體: 分區；分割；區間；劃分[電子計算機]


oppression

壓迫，壓制；壓制物;沉悶；壓抑


penetration

正體: 穿透；貫穿；透入[電機工程]

正體: 穿透[電子計算機]


nyctalopia

nyctalopias (plural)
nyctalopiae (plural)


observation

/ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃən/

正體: 觀察[電子計算機]


merit

正體: 優點；指標；考績[電子計算機]


merit

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


perturbation

正體: 微擾；擾動[電機工程]


perspective

正體: 透視[電子計算機]


persecution

/ˌpɜːsəˈkjuːʃən/


optimistic

more optimistic (comparative)
most optimistic (superlative)

正體: 開放式[自由軟體]

简体: 开放式[自由软体]


morbid

more morbid (comparative)
most morbid (superlative)

病的；致病的；病態的；可怕的

You may read more about such things, if morbid curiosity has you ever overtaken.


plexus

(血管，淋巴管，神经等的)丛


fare

成功（或不成功、更好等）


jejunum

源自拉丁語 iēiūnum，iēiūnus的中性形。


polarize

正體: 極化[電子計算機]


plateau

[简体]:坪[电子电机工程]

[正體]:坪[電子電機工程]

正體: 台階；坪[電子計算機]


pole

简体: 极，刀[电子电机工程]

正體: 極[電子電機工程]

正體: 極［點］[電子工程]

正體: （電）桿；極；頂點；極(點）[電機工程]

正體: 極；極點[電子計算機]


precipitation

/pɹɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/


nipper

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


phosphorus

磷(化學元素，原子序為15，化學符號為P)


pore

正體: 細孔[電機工程]


primitive

正體: 基元；原始[電子計算機]


notorious

more notorious (comparative)
most notorious (superlative)

/nəʊˈtɔːɹɪəs/

惡名昭彰的, 臭名昭著的, 声名狼藉的


notorious

/nəʊˈtɔːɹɪəs/


profile

正體: 剖繪；設定檔[自由軟體]

简体: 剖绘；设置档[自由软体]

正體: 側面圖[電機工程]

简体: 外廓线[船舶科技]

正體: 船體側面[圖][造船工程]

正體: 縱斷面[測量學]

正體: 設定檔；外形；輪廓[電子計算機]


fry

源自中古英語 fryen，借自古法語 frire，源自拉丁語 frīgō (“炸”)，源自原始印歐語 *bʰer-。同源於古希臘語 φρύγω (phrúgō, “烤”)，梵語 भृज्जति (bhṛjjati, “烤”)，भृग् (bhṛg)。替換中古英語 hirsten，源自古英語 hierstan (“to fry”)。


fry

源自中古英語 frie (“小魚，後代”)


probe

正體: 探察電極；探針[電機工程]

正體: 探針[電子計算機]


projection

/pɹəˈdʒɛkʃən/

正體: 投影；投射[電機工程]

正體: 投影；推演[電子計算機]


liberate

:< 拉丁語 liberatus——liberare （“释放”）的过去分词 < liber （“自由的”）。 另见 liberal。


priority

/pɹaɪˈɒɹɨti/

/pɹaɪˈɔɹɪ̈ti/

正體: 優先權；優先等級[自由軟體]

简体: 优先权[自由软体]

简体: 优先权[电子电机工程]

正體: 優先權[電子電機工程]

正體: 優先[電子計算機]


proportion

/pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/

/pɹəˈpɔːʃən/

/pɹəˈpoəʃən/

正體: 比例[電機工程]

正體: 比例[電子計算機]


pessimistic

more pessimistic (comparative)
most pessimistic (superlative)

正體: 封閉式[自由軟體]

简体: 封闭式[自由软体]


hazy

最初源自航海詞彙 hawsey (1625年，詞源不明)。可能源自中古英語 *hasi、*haswy、古英語 haswiġ (“灰暗”)、古英語 hasu (“灰暗”)、原始日耳曼語 *haswaz (“灰”)、原始印歐語 *ḱeh₂s- (“灰白”) 等。字面分析等同於 haze + -y，不過現代英語的 haze 更有可能是 hazy 的逆向構詞。

hazier (comparative)
haziest (superlative)

a hazy view of the polluted city street

汙染後的城市看上去灰濛濛的

a hazy argument

a hazy intellect


prototype

/ˈpɹəʊtətʌɪp/

正體: 原型[自由軟體]

简体: 原形[自由软体]

正體: 原型；標準型態；雛型；試作[電子計算機]


pit

正體: 凹處[電子計算機]


purification

/ˌpjʊəɹɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/


quadrant

正體: 象限；象限儀[電機工程]

正體: 象限[電子計算機]


conventional

more conventional (comparative)
most conventional (superlative)

A “moving platform” scheme[…]is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.

2013年June1日, “Ideas coming down the track”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8838 期，第 13 (Technology Quarterly) 頁:

They wear conventional clothes, eat conventional food, and keep conventional hours.

他们穿普通的衣服，吃普通的食物，按普通的时间工作。

Mother[…]considered that the exclusiveness of Peter's circle was due not to its distinction, but to the fact that it was an inner Babylon of prodigality and whoredom, from which every Kensingtonian held aloof, except on the conventional tip-and-run excursions in pursuit of shopping, tea and theatres.

1922, Ben Travers, 章號 2, 出自 A Cuckoo in the Nest:

The history of our study of our solar system shows us clearly that accepted and conventional ideas are often wrong, and that fundamental insights can arise from the most unexpected sources.

1980, Carl Sagan, Cosmos: A Personal Voyage:


conventional

一种传统的金边债券，每六个月向持有人支付固定现金付款（或息票）直至到期，到期时持有人收到最后付款和本金返还


chlorine

由漢弗里•戴維創造，源自古希臘語 χλωρός (khlōrós, “蒼白的綠色”)。

氯，鹵族化學元素，原子序為17，化學符號為Cl。它是分佈最廣的元素之一。其單質為氯氣，具有高活性和高毒性。


potent

more potent (comparative)
most potent (superlative)

[ˈpʰoʊ̯ʔn̩t]

有力的；有效力的；有势力的；烈性的


prognosis

/pɹɒɡˈnəʊsɪs/

简体: 形势预报[大气]


practitioner

/pɹækˈtɪʃənə/

/pɹækˈtɪʃənəɹ/


proclamation

/ˌpɹɑkləˈmeɪʃən/

/ˌpɹɒkləˈmeɪʃən/

宣布,公布,声明,公告;宣告


peripheral

more peripheral (comparative)
most peripheral (superlative)

正體: 週邊[自由軟體]

简体: 周边[自由软体]

正體: 週邊的；週邊設備[電子計算機]


pond

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


device

來自中古英語 devys，來自古法語 devis，來自拉丁語 dīvīsus，dīvidō (“分發”)的過去分詞。

Every cycle shall be equipped with: … (b) an audible warning device consisting of a bell …

1949. Geneva Convention on Road Traffic Chapter VI. Provisions Applicable to Cycles in International Traffic

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

如今，人工肾脏仍然意味着一台大小和冰箱差不多的透析机。这种设备模仿真正肾脏净化血液的方式，并以尿液的形式排出杂质和多余的水。

2013年June1日, “A better waterworks”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8838 期，第 5 (Technology Quarterly) 頁:

His device is against Babylon, to destroy it.

祂定意攻擊巴比倫，將他毀滅。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 51:11:

He disappointeth the devices of the crafty, so that their hands cannot perform their enterprise.

破壞狡猾人的計謀，使他們所謀的，不得成就。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 5:12:

Their recent device of demanding benevolences.

1827 Hallam, Henry, The English Constitution, Harper

Drawings and pictures are more than mere ornaments in scientific discourse. Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story.

在科学论述中，图画、图片可不仅仅是装饰品。它们包括了黑板上的草图、地质图、分子结构图、天文照片、核磁共振图像、各种统计图表和图形。这些图像手段是展示证据、解释理论、讲述故事所不可或缺的工具。

2012年March20日, Brian Hayes, “Pixels or Perish”, 出自 American Scientist, 第 100 卷, 第 2 期，第 106 頁:

Inflammable material is planted in my head / It's a suspect device that's left 2000 dead

1979 Stiff Little Fingers, "Suspect Device":

THE ARMY BOMB Disposal Team rendered safe a viable device in Cavan this afternoon.

2014 September 3, Cliodhna Russell, The Journal "A viable device was found in Cavan today, it has now been made safe"

The army bomb squad carried out two controlled explosions on the device. It was later found that the suspect device was a hoax and not a viable explosive.

2014 August 3, Louise Kelly & Conor Feehan "Suspect device found at shopping centre revealed as hoax" Irish Independent

用於將持有者與其他人區分開來的格言、徽記或其他標誌。與 badge 或 cognizance 不同，主要是因為它是用來區別個人，而不是可以流傳給同一家族中的其他人。

The devices of these savages are the serpent, the Deer, and the Small Acorn.

1736. O'Callaghan, Edmund Bailey. The Documentary History of the State of New York Chapter I, Article III: Enumeration of the Indian Tribes.

Moreover I must have instruments of mine own device, weighty, and exceeding costly

1824. Landor, Walter Savage "King Henry IV and Sir Arnold Savage" from Imaginary Conversations of Literary Men and Statesmen, page 44

And she said,

全部或部分作為商標或服務標誌使用的圖像

表示官方或專有權力或來源的圖像或標誌

Prior to the issuance of the first stamps, letters accepted by postmasters for dispatch were marked "Paid" by means of pen and ink or hand stamps of various designs. … To facilitate the handling of mail matter, some postmasters provided special stamps or devices for use on letters as evidence of the prepayment of postage.

1943 United States Post Office Department. A Description of United States Postage Stamps / Issued by the Post Office Department from July 1, 1847, to April 1, 1945 [sic], USGPO, Washington, p1:

It will be out of faſhion to weare ſwords, / Maſques, and devices welcome, I ſalute you […]

c. 1634, James Shirley (falsely attributed to John Fletcher), The Coronation:


fortnight

繼承自中古英語 fourtenight、fourten night，繼承自古英語 fēowertīene niht (“十四夜、十四天”)，等價於 fourteen + night。對照 sennight。

[ˈfɔ˞ʔ.nɐɪ̯t̚]

[ˈfɔəʔ.nɐjʔ]

On being kicked the girl fell desperately in love with Henri, and for a fortnight they lived together and spent a thousand francs of Henri's money.

1933年January9日, George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair], 章號 1, 出自 Down and Out in Paris and London, London: Victor Gollancz […], →OCLC:

The “lame duck” Johnson Administration, in its final fortnight in office, grappled last week with a diplomatic hot potato in the form of the latest Soviet proposal for a “just and lasting” Middle East peace settlement.

1969年January12日, Benjamin Welles, “A Hot Potato for Nixon”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


participation

源自中古英語 participacioun，源自中古法語 [具體何詞?]，源自古法語 participacion，源自晚期拉丁語 participatiō。字面分析等同於 participate + -ion。

/pɑɹˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/

/pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃən/


prism

派生自拉丁語 prisma。

正體: 稜鏡；稜晶[電機工程]


pillar

正體: 柱；導柱[電子計算機]


precursor

/ˈpɹiːˌkɜɹ.səɹ/

/pɹɨˈkɜɹ.səɹ/


mushroom

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


penny

pennies (plural)
pence (plural)
pens (plural)


penny

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


proverb

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


presidency

舉凡稱為「president」的職務（職位、任期）

過去英屬印度以馬德拉斯、孟買、孟加拉三大省劃分的統轄區

(美式) 指直屬總統組織


premise

正體: 前提[電子計算機]


premise

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


feces

源自拉丁語 faecēs，faex (“殘渣，渣滓”)的主格複數。


calorie

借自法語 calorie，由拉丁語 calor演變而來。最初在19世紀被定義為大卡路里，幾十年後才被定義成小卡路里。

Biotics possess extraordinary abilities, but they must live with minor inconveniences. The most obvious issue is getting adequate nutrition. Creating biotic mass effects takes such a toll on metabolism that active biotics develop ravenous appetites. The standard Alliance combat ration for a soldier is 3000 calories per day; biotics are given 4500, as well as a canteen of potent energy drink for quick refreshment after hard combat.

2008, BioWare, Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC，PC，幕：Biotics: Life as a Biotic Codex entry:

Mostly, the microbiome is beneficial. It helps with digestion and enables people to extract a lot more calories from their food than would otherwise be possible. Research over the past few years, however, has implicated it in diseases from atherosclerosis to asthma to autism.

2013年June29日, “A punch in the gut”, 出自 The Economist, 第 407 卷, 第 8842 期，第 72–3 頁s:


intermediate

源自中世紀拉丁語 intermediatus，intermediare 的過去分詞，源自 inter + 晚期拉丁語 mediare (“調解”)；以及拉丁語 intermedius。

more intermediate (comparative)
most intermediate (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-intermediate (adj, noun).wav


infrared

紅外線，一种波长比可见光长但比微波辐射短的电磁辐射，波长在700 nm 到 1 mm 之间。


infrared

红外线的；产生红外辐射的；具有红外线波长的。


medication

來自中古法語 médication，來自拉丁語 medicatio，來自medicari (“治療，治愈”)，來自medicus (“醫生”)，來自mederi (“治療”)。

Have you been taking your medication(s)?

Are you going to be be like this all day? It’s like I’ve not took^([sic，意為taken]) my medication.

2019年March19日, The Great Stand Up to Cancer Bake Off, 第 2 季数, 第 3 集数, Michael Pennington（演員）, 經由 Channel 4:

Such behavior, if it doesn't abate, will necessitate medication and supervision.

上述行為如果沒有减轻，将需要進行药物治疗和监督。


indomitable

源自晚期拉丁語 indomitābilis，源自 in- (“不”) + domitō，domō (“馴服”) 的頻率形。字面分析等同於 in- + domitable。

more indomitable (comparative)
most indomitable (superlative)

不屈不撓的，無法被阻撓或擊敗的

Personal courage and an indomitable self-confidence were the chief, indeed the only, qualities which sprang to light in General Feversham.

1902, A. E. W. Mason, 章號 1, 出自 The Four Feathers:

But he was a youth of indomitable spirit, strong and agile as a wild cat.

1910, William Henry Hudson, 章號 7, 出自 A Shepherd's Life:

Nobody came on to the movie camera—wrapped it in a bear hug and wrestled it to submission—like Betty Hutton. They called this 40s singer-actress "the Blitzkrieg blond" . . . . [S]he was indomitable, unstoppable.

2007年March31日, Richard Corliss, “When Betty Got Frank”, 出自 Time，於2010-12-03歸檔自原頁面:

And even though the rest of the auto industry, seeing Tesla’s growth, jumped on the electric vehicle bandwagon, Tesla has maintained an indomitable lead.

2022年April28日, Farhad Manjoo, “Is Elon Musk Really That Bad?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


progressive

源自中古法語 progressif，源自拉丁語 prōgressīvus，源自 prōgredior (完成分詞詞幹：prōgress-) + -īvus。替代古英語 forþgenġe。

more progressive (comparative)
most progressive (superlative)

/pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/

/pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/

进步的；前进的；渐进酡：进行性的


progressive

/pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/

/pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/