AIDS

GRID

acquired immune deficiency syndrome (“後天性免疫缺乏症候群、獲得性免疫缺陷綜合征”) 之首字母縮略詞，簡稱為愛滋病、艾滋病。

Patients with AIDS become highly susceptible to infection by intracellular microbes normally contained by T cells (Fig. 4.8).

2007, Clinical Pathology ISBN 0198569467, page 50:


activated sludge

活性污泥，指曝氣後可進行細菌分解作用的生物污泥；可用於二級廢水處理程序，以加速原污水中有機物質的分解。


wild card

一張可以被賦予任何價值或用來替代任何需要的卡片的卡片；萬能卡。

外卡：沒有達到正常標準，但仍被允許參加錦標賽的參賽者或團隊。

Kye Sun-Hui won an Olympic gold medal in Judo, despite being a wild card.

儘管以外卡參賽，桂順姬仍然獲得了奧運會柔道金牌。

wildcard (“通配符”)的另一種寫法


aerobic bacteria

好氧细菌、好氣菌；需氣菌；嗜氧性細菌


Chebyshev's inequality

來自發現者俄羅斯數學家Pafnuty Chebyshev（1821–1894）的姓氏。


field effect transistor

場效電晶體，场效应晶体管，场效应管


garbage collection

Java uses a technique known as garbage collection to remove objects that are no longer needed. The garbage collector is Java's grim reaper.

[2002, Patrick Niemeyer, Jonathan Knudsen, Learning Java, O'Reilly, →ISBN，第 135 頁:

Generational garbage collection has proved to be a highly effective organisation, offering significant performance improvements for a wide range of applications.

2016, Richard Jones, Antony Hosking, Eliot Moss, The Garbage Collection Handbook, CRC Press, →ISBN:


OLE

OHLE

Overhead line equipment (“高架電車線設備”)之首字母縮略詞。

Object Linking and Embedding (“物件連結與嵌入”)之首字母縮略詞。


decontamination factor

[化學]去污指数；除污因子、除污係數；净化系数


independent variable

同類詞：dependent variable

In the equation z = x² + y, x and y are the independent variables.

設方程 z = x² + y，則 x 和 y 為獨立變數。

同類詞：dependent variable


Doppler effect

來自Johann Christian Andreas Doppler，最初由這位奧地利物理學家所發現。

Along the street, a delivery van’s pop music approaches and recedes with a faint Doppler effect, the cheerless band lifting and dipping a microtone.

2016, Ian McEwan, Nutshell, Vintage，第 85 頁:


dispersion coefficient

[化学]弥散系数，分散係數


equilibrium constant

[化学][電子計算機]平衡常数


burn-in

倦怠前的階段，工作效率和參與度下降

A huge personal investment results in a huge ‘burn-in’. This is probably the first state that needs to be dealt with, before switching to ‘burn-out’. Indeed discussion about the important interaction between the two could lead to the avoidance of ‘burn-out’ through understanding ‘burn-in’. Interestingly, a large body of literature has shown that professionals in the mental heath^([sic]) services seem to be more vulnerable to the ‘burn-in’—‘burn-out’ process.

2005, Thomas Hyphantis, Venetsanos Mavreas, “‘Burning In’ – ‘Burning Out’ in Public: Aspects of the Burnout Process in Community-Based Psychiatric Services”, 出自 Alexander-Stamatios G. Antoniou, Cary L. Cooper 編, Research Companion to Organizational Health Psychology，第 538 頁:


even number

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见even、number。

If you'd come at me with even numbers, I wouldn't leave a grease spot of you.

1866, Israel Gibbons, Crescent-shine，第 108 頁:


in control

The General said that his troops were now in control of the situation.

將軍說他的部隊已經控制住了局勢。

It was a bitter blow to England's players, who sank to their knees in disappointment, after fighting so hard but a draw does not cause too much damage and they still remain in control of their own destiny.

2021年September8日, Phil McNulty, “Poland 1-1 England”, 出自 BBC Sport:


Henry's law

[化学]亨利定律；氣體溶解定律


VLSI

very large scale integration (“超大規模集成電路”)之縮寫。


ideal gas

[化学][電機工程][氣象]理想气体


ANN

artificial neural network (“人工神经网络”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：CNN、RNN

announcement (“公告”)之縮寫。 (用于电子邮件或新闻标题)


由National Puzzlers’ League會長Everett K Smith在1935年年會上創造，来自古希臘語 πνεύμων (pneúmōn, “肺”) + 拉丁語 ultra (“超”) + 英語 microscopic (“微”) + silico- (“硅”) + volcano (“火山”) + 古希臘語 κόνις (kónis, “灰塵”) + 英語 -osis (“炎癥”)，為pneumonoconiosis (“塵肺病”)的擴展。

/njuːˌmɒ.nəʊ.ʌl.tɹə.maɪ.kɹəʊˈskɒ.pɪkˌsɪ.lɪ.kəʊ.vɒl.keɪ.nəʊ.kəʊ.niˈəʊ.sɪs/

這個詞的發明純粹是為了爭奪英語中最長單字的頭銜，由45個字母和19個音節組成。這個詞在醫學上沒有正式用法，教科書將這種疾病稱為pneumonoconiosis、pneumoconiosis、silicosis。

《牛津英語詞典》將其列為最長的單字，並解釋為“一個人造詞，據稱意思是『因吸入通常在火山中發現的極微小矽塵而引發的疾病』但主要作為一個長單詞的實例出現。（a factitious word alleged to mean ‘a lung disease caused by inhalation of very fine silica dust usually found in volcanos’ but occurring chiefly as an instance of a very long word.）”。

Call it miner's asthma, silicosis, pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, coal workers' pneumoconiosis, or black lung—they are all dust diseases with the same symptoms.

1980 March, Lorin E. Kerr, “Black Lung”, 出自 Journal of Public Health Policy, 第 1 卷, 第 1 期, →JSTOR，第 50 頁:

I say that it must be the silica dust
That we breathed through our mouths and our noses
That brought pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis.

1998年August27日, Smokey, “Lament for a Lung Disease”, 出自 talk.bizarre (Usenet), message-ID <6s3r8o$brt$1@camel15.mindspring.com>:

It's either pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis, or a bad cough.

2002年December18日, Pod, “Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis”, 出自 alt.fan.scarecrow (Usenet), message-ID <iHSL9.2091$h43.295898@stones>:

I still can't watch House M.D. and not have my mind wonder[…] Even I can fear of:Template:SIC having Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis after watching it.

2011年April28日, Kurt D. Stradtman, Am I the Person My Mother Warned Me About?: A Four-year College Experience ... Only the Good Parts, Xlibris, →ISBN, →LCCN，第 90 頁:


ASTM

American Society for Testing and Materials (“美國材料和試驗協會”)之首字母縮略詞。


isentropic process

[氣象]等熵程序；等熵过程


ion exchange membrane

离子交换膜，離子交換薄膜


atomization

normalization

數據分離至優化的關係數據模型中


bioavailability

生物利用度 食物與營養補充品中所含營養素的吸收程度

poor/low oral bioavailability


geometric distribution

If S₁ had been chosen to be a geometric distribution, no a priori choices would have been necessary. This distribution was effective in Suppes (1970), but it would provide a poor fit in this case. If the geometric distribution had been used here, the parameter S₁ would have appeared in every theoretical probability involving N, and whenever one or more adjectives were included, a corresponding number of S₂ = 1 - S₁ terms would have appeared in the probability.

1973, Elizabeth M. Gammon, “A Syntactical Analysis of Some First-Grade Readers”, 出自 Approaches to Natural Language: Proceedings of the 1970 Stanford Workshop on Grammar and Semantics, Springer，第 122 頁:

Recall that we have already calculated the mean and variance for the geometric distribution case (r = 1) in Example 5.17.

2009, Matthew J. Hassett, Donald Stewart, Probability for Risk Management, 2nd Edition, ACTEX Publications, page 139,

The exponential distribution has a number of other interesting characteristics and properties. It is very similar to the geometric distribution, and in fact is the continuous version of that discrete distribution. Recall that the geometric distribution was used to model the time until the first success, where there were a discrete number of trials.

2010, Peter A. Rogerson, Statistical Methods for Geography: A Student's Guide, 3rd版, SAGE Publications，第 92 頁:


multicomponent mixture

多元混合物；多成分混合物；多組份混合物


particle size distribution

粒度分布；粒子大小分布；粒徑分佈；顆粒級配


fouling

[航海科技]污垢；積垢；污底


XXOO

英文网络流行语，翻译为亲亲抱抱“kiss,kiss,hug,hug"，表示与亲密关系的表达。也用作XOXO或OXOX等等。


heat exchanger

The transmission oil is cooled in a heat exchanger through which the cooling water is circulated, to assist rapid warming of the engine system and to bring engine and transmission into their true interdependence.

1960 June, “The N.B. Loco. Co. diesel-hydraulic Type "2" locomotive”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 345 頁:


gamma distribution

The gamma distribution is positively skewed and along with the Weibull, lognormal, and inverse Gaussian (IG) distributions is also available as a model in reliability and life-span studies.

1988, A. Clifford Cohen, Betty Jones Whitten, Parameter Estimation in Reliability and Life Span Models, Marcel Dekker，第 93 頁:

The ranking and selection problems in this chapter apply to populations that follow the gamma distribution. The gamma distribution model is used widely in many fields of applications, particularly in engineering and the social and physical sciences.
本章中的排序和选择问题适用于服从伽马分布的群体。伽马分布模型广泛应用于许多实用领域，特别是在工程、社会和物理科学领域。

1999 [1977, Wiley], Jean Dickinson Gibbons, Ingram Olkin, Milton Sobel, Selecting and Ordering Populations: A New Statistical Methodology, SIAM, Republished unabridged and corrected, page 328,

The negative exponential distribution is a special case of the gamma distribution in which k#x3D;1. Another important special case of a gamma distribution with parameters k and #x5C;theta#x3D;2 is the χ² distribution G(k,2) with n#x3D;2k degrees of freedom.[…]Gamma distributions have an additivity property: the sum of two random variables following gamma distributions G(k#x5F;1,#x5C;theta) and G(k#x5F;2,#x5C;theta) is a random variable following a gamma distribution G(k#x5F;1#x2B;k#x5F;2,#x5C;theta) with parameters k#x5F;1#x2B;k#x5F;2 and #x5C;theta[…].

2005, M. T. Todinov, Reliability and Risk Models: Setting Reliability Requirements, Wiley，第 36 頁:


automatic test equipment

[电子电机工程]自动测试设备


ARQ

自動復傳請求（automatic request for repetition）

自動錯誤請求設備（automatic error request equipment）

自動校誤機（automatic error correcting device）


deionized water

[电子电机工程]去离子水


Web

Some of that content is now only available on the Web.

有些內容現在只能在網上查看。

Web page

Content on the Web is divided into individual computer files called pages.

網上的內容被劃分為單獨的計算機文檔，稱為頁面。

2008, Timothy D. Green, Abbie Brown, LeAnne Robinson, Making the Most of the Web in Your Classroom, Corwin Press, →ISBN，第 31 頁:


Fibonacci

斐波那契/費布納西：源自意大利語的姓氏

The Italian mathematician Leonardo Bonacci, who was called Fibonacci, introduced the Hindu-Arabic numeral system to Europe.

意大利數學家列奧納多·波那契，又稱斐波那契，將印度-阿拉伯數字系統傳入了歐洲。


automaton

派生自古希臘語 αὐτόματον (autómaton)。automat 的同源對似詞。

/ɔːˈtɒmətən/

/ɔːˈtɒməˌtɒn/

/əˈtɑməˌtɑn/

[简体]:自动机[电子电机工程]

[正體]:自動機[電子電機工程]

正體: 自動機[電機工程]

简体: 自动机[信息科技]

正體: 自動機[計算機]

正體: 自動機[電子計算機]


galvanic cell

[电子电机工程]原电池；自發電池；伽伐尼電池


compression ratio

未壓縮和有壓縮檔案之間的比率


assume

源自拉丁語 assūmō (“接受”)，构自 ad- （“向”） + sūmō （“担任”）。

when you assume, you make an ass out of you and me

假定；猜測；用想法來證定某件事是真實的或是有效的

We assume that, as her parents were dentists, she knows quite a bit about dentistry.

我們推測，由於她的父母都是牙醫，所以她對牙科也相當瞭解。

Where we once sent love letters in a sealed envelope, or stuck photographs of our children in a family album, now such private material is despatched to servers and clouds operated by people we don't know and will never meet. Perhaps we assume that our name, address and search preferences will be viewed by some unseen pair of corporate eyes, probably not human, and don't mind that much.

我們曾經把情書裝在密封的信封裡，或是把孩子的照片貼在家庭相簿裡，但現在這些隱私資料都被傳送到伺服器和雲端，而這些伺服器和雲端是由我們不認識、也永遠不會見面的人所操作的。 也許我們假設自己的姓名、地址和搜尋偏好會被一雙看不見的企業眼睛（可能不是人類的眼睛）看見，因此並不太介意。

2013年June14日, Jonathan Freedland, “Obama's once hip brand is now tainted”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 第 189 卷, 第 1 期，第 18 頁:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:assume。

擔任；擔任某個職任或是承擔某項義務

Mr. Jones will assume the position of a lifeguard until a proper replacement is found.

Jones 先生將擔任救生員一職，直到找到合適的替代人員。

His unruly hair was slicked down with water, and as Jessamy introduced him to Miss Brindle his face assumed a cherubic innocence which would immediately have aroused the suspicions of anyone who knew him.

1967, Barbara Sleigh, Jessamy, Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, 出版於 1993, →ISBN，第 96 頁:

So while Ralph generally seems to inhabit a different, more glorious and joyful universe than everyone else here his yearning and heartbreak are eminently relateable. Ralph sometimes appears to be a magically demented sprite who has assumed the form of a boy, but he’s never been more poignantly, nakedly, movingly human than he is here.

因此，儘管拉爾夫總體上看來居住在一個與其他人不同的、更光榮和更快樂的宇宙中，但他的渴望和心碎卻非常容易引起共鳴。 有時候，拉爾夫看起來就像一個變身為男孩的魔怔小鬼，但他從來沒有像在這裡一樣，更淒美、更赤裸、更感人。

2012年August5日, Nathan Rabin, “TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “I Love Lisa” (season 4, episode 15; originally aired 02/11/1993)”, 出自 (請指定書籍名或刊物名):

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:assume。

He assumed an air of indifference.

他裝出一副無動於衷的樣子。

ambition assuming the mask of religion.

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:assume。

The sixth was a young knight of lesser renown and lower rank, assumed into that honorable company.

1820, 沃尔特·司各特, 艾凡赫, 第 (please specify |volume=I, II, or III) 卷, 爱丁堡: […] Archibald Constable and Co.；伦敦：Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC:

採納；接受某個想法或是原因


color temperature

The typical color temperature of a standard incandescent lamp is about 2400 K.

标准白炽灯的典型色温约为2400K。


DGPS

Differential Global Positioning System (“差分全球定位系统”)之首字母縮略詞。


magnetic resonance

[电子电机工程][信息科技]磁共振、磁力共振


annealing

Without annealing, the quality of our metal products will diminish.

如果不进行退火，我们的金属产品质量就会下降。


annealing

anneal 的現在時分詞和動名詞


check digit

The last digit of the barcode is a check digit, calculated from the others.

条形码的最后一位数字是校验码，是根据其他数字计算出来的。


eye pattern

通過LC電路低通濾波器的二進制信號看起來像一排眼睛。


partial pressure

[电子电机工程][氣象]分压力；分壓


COD

Concise Oxford Dictionary (“牛津簡明辭典”) 之首字母縮略詞。

Call of Duty (“決勝時刻”) 之首字母縮略詞。

"Let's go over to my house and play some CoD," he said.

“來我家玩會兒決勝時刻唄”，他說。


COD

cash on delivery 或 collect on delivery (“貨到付款”) 之首字母縮略詞。

This development would probably be much facilitated were the Colony to adopt the C.O.D. (collect on delivery) system of the Cape and many other parts of the world.

1901年May10日, The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record, 第 4 卷, 第 5 期，第 132 頁:

chemical oxygen demand (“化學需氧量”) 之首字母縮略詞。


UCD

user-centered design (“以用户为中心的设计”)之首字母縮略詞。


COMINT

communications + intelligence組成的混成詞。對照 HUMINT 等。


reference electrode

[電機工程]参比电极；參考電極


shift register

移錄器；移位寄存器；移位暫存器


GIMP

GNU Image Manipulation Program (“GNU圖像處理程式”) 之首字母縮略詞。

gravitationally interacting massive particle之縮寫。


residence time

[電子電機工程]滞留时间；存留时间


surface potential

[电子电机工程]表面势；表面位能；表面電位


transient state

[電子電機工程]瞬态；暫態；非穩定態；過渡狀態


depolarization

降低極性的行為或結果： 去極化

降低極性的行為或結果： 減少政治兩極化

同類詞：deradicalization


best linear unbiased prediction

#（畜牧）最佳线性无偏估计


local area network

/ˈləʊklˌɛːrɪəˌnɛtwəːk/

A Local Area Network connects all of the computers in our office.

局域網連接我們辦公室的所有電腦。

一個網路，其上的所有設備都使用OSI模型設備層尋址進行通信

一個網路，其上的所有通信都是通過MAC地址的方式傳遞的，而且不經過路由


rise time

同類詞：fall time


time-invariant system

時不變系統，定常系統、非時變系統


allow

自中世紀拉丁語 allocō (“分配”)，與 alouer 合併為中世紀拉丁語 allaudō，其現在主動不定式 allaudāre，至盎格魯-諾曼語 allouer、alouer，借至中古英語 allowen、alowen 而來。(透过 allaudāre) allaud 或 (透过 allocāre) allocate 的同源對似詞。
與中古英語 alyfen (源自古英語 ālīefan) 和德語 erlauben 皆源自原始日耳曼語 *uzlaubijaną (“允許”)，屬於巧合。

to allow a servant his liberty; to allow a free passage; to allow one day for rest

讓傭人獲得自由；開放免費通行；預留一天時間休息

[…] he needed a great deal of money, but his uncle only allowed him two thousand roubles a year, which was not enough, and for days together he would run about Moscow with his tongue out, as the saying is.

[…] 他需要一大筆錢，但他的叔叔一年只給他兩千盧布，並不夠，一連幾天，他都在莫斯科四處奔波，就像俗話說的：累得伸舌頭。

2004年 [1895年], 康斯坦斯加內特 (譯者), “Ariadne”, 出自 The Darling: and Other Stories, 根據安東·契訶夫原著改編的翻譯作品:

I will allow my son to be absent.

With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]

有了新鮮材料，分類學結論得以因認識到所檢驗的材料反映其所佔據的地點而更為完善；標本館包裹僅提供了作出合理結論時所需資料的一小部分。標本館的材料確實無法讓人們安全地進行推測：所見即所得 […]

1992年, 魯道夫馬蒂亞斯舒斯特, The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian, 第 V 卷, 伊州芝加哥: 菲爾德自然史博物館, →ISBN，第 vii 頁:

Although I don't consent to their holding such meetings, I will allow them for the time being.

雖然我不贊同他們舉辦這樣的會議，但我暫時會允許他們進行。

Smoking allowed only in designated areas.

僅在指定區域內允許吸菸。

The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives. And, as their ubiquity spreads, so too does the debate around whether we should allow ourselves to become so reliant on them – and who, if anyone, is policing their use.

演算法在執法中的應用就是其對我們生活影響日益增長的一個例子。隨著它們的普及，關於我們是否應該容許自己如此依賴它們——以及是否有人在監督它們的使用——的辯論也在擴大。

2013年July26日, 里歐希克曼, “How algorithms rule the world”, 出自 衛報周刊, 第 189 卷, 第 7 期，第 26 頁:

to allow a right; to allow a claim; to allow an appeal

承認權利；同意主張；接受申請

You must allow that disagreeing about politics puts a strain on a relationship.

你必須承認政治上的分歧會給關係帶來壓力。

Mr. Knightley, I shall not allow you to be a fair judge in this case.

奈特利先生，我不會讓你在這起案件中擔任公正的法官。

1815年, 珍·奧斯丁, 章號 5, 出自 愛瑪, 第 1 卷:

I allow, with Mrs. Grundy and most moralists, that Miss Newcome's conduct[…]was highly reprehensible.

我同意，與格倫迪夫人及大多數道德家一樣，紐康小姐的行為 […] 是極其應受譴責的。

Half the night passed before the wench allowed that it might be safe to stop.

過了半夜，那丫頭才認為停下來可能是安全的。

2000年, 喬治瑞蒙李察馬丁, 劍刃風暴, Bantam, 出版於 2011年，第 154 頁:

准許 (扣除或增加某物，尤其是減免或扣除)

to allow a sum for leakage

核准一筆金額作為損耗扣除

When calculating a budget for a construction project, always allow for contingencies.

在計算建築專案的預算時，務必預留應急費用。

The inlet allowed a facility to bring the money in a boat secretly and at night to the very foot of the hill.

該入口讓人能夠在夜間秘密地用船把錢運送到山腳下。

1824年, 華盛頓·歐文, “The Devil and Tom Walker”, 出自 Tales of a Traveller:

A “moving platform” scheme[…]is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.

「移動平台」計劃 […] 雖然依賴於傳統鐵軌，但比磁懸浮列車在技術上更具野心。地方列車將使用並行的鐵軌與城際列車並排行駛，並通過對接艙讓乘客能夠換乘。

2013年June1日, “Ideas coming down the track”, 出自 經濟學人, 第 407 卷, 第 8838 期，第 13 (Technology Quarterly) 頁:

Truly ye bear witness that ye allow the deeds of your fathers

你們的確作證，你們認可了你們祖先的行為。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 11:48:

We commend his pains, condemn his pride, allow his life, approve his learning.

我們讚揚他的努力，譴責他的傲慢，認可他的一生，讚許他的學識。

1842年, 托馬斯富勒, Church History of Britain:

Therefore so please thee to return with us,
And of our Athens—thine and ours—to take
The captainship, thou shalt be met with thanks,
Allow'd with absolute power, and thy good name
Live with authority. So soon we shall drive back
Of Alcibiades the approaches wild,
Who, like a boar too savage, doth root up
His country's peace.

因此，若你願意與我們一同回去
接管我們共同的雅典的
領導地位，你將受到感激
被賦予絕對的權力，你的美名
將伴隨權威流傳。我們很快就會擊退
阿爾西比亞德斯那狂野的攻勢
他如同一頭兇猛的野豬，正在撕毀
國家的和平

1623年, 威廉莎士比亞, 雅典的泰門:

How allow you the model of these clothes?

你覺得這些衣服的款式如何？

1632年, 菲利普馬辛格, 納森菲爾德, The Fatal Dowry, 第 4 幕，場景 1:

to allow an objection

to allow an appeal

Easy on violence, now I doubt it
I could’ve banged this face but allowed it

我現在質疑平和面對暴力的做法
我本可以揍這張臉，但我放過他了

2021年November3日, “Who's My man?”, Starzzy #MostHated 作詞，0:30:


transmitter

[简体]:发射机[电子电机工程]

[正體]:發射機[電子電機工程]

[简体]:1送话机(电话机) 2发射机(天线)[通信]

[正體]:發射機[通訊]

正體: 發射機[通訊工程]

正體: 發射機[電子計算機]


SECAM

Sequentiel Couleur à Mémoire (“SECAM制式”)之縮寫，意思為“按順序傳送彩色與存儲”。


DRAM

Dynamic random access memory (“動態隨機存取記憶體”)之首字母縮略詞。


ALGOL

國際演算語言；ALGOL語言


Assembly

(the ~ )美国许多州的下级立法机关；地方议会。


Branch

布兰奇，美国/加拿大城镇名。


Bias

源自古希腊语Βίας (Bías)。

普里恩的毕阿斯，古希腊七贤之一。


Cascade

卡斯喀得区，塞舌尔行政区。

卡斯喀德，美国、牙买加和澳大利亚的城镇名。


Chip

男子名克里斯托弗（Christopher）和查尔斯（Charles）的昵称。


CPS

陰極穩壓攝像管（cathode potential stabilized emitron）


ODBC

Open Database Connectivity (“開放資料庫互連”)之首字母縮略詞。


Clear

（科学论派）不受影响的一种理想状态。


Dolly

多莉，女子名多萝西（Dorothy）和多洛雷斯（Dolores）的昵称。

（德州扑克）开始的一手拿到9和5。


Portable Network Graphics

可攜式網路圖形，繼承了靜止GIF (GIF 87a)。


radio beacon

emergency position indicating radio beacon


Junction

美国村镇/城市名，分布于伊利诺伊州、德克萨斯州，犹他州和威斯康辛州。


Cam

康河，英格兰河流，穿过剑桥。


Cam

男子名Cameron的昵称。


Mosaic

和摩西或和妥拉有关的（尤指和妥拉中律法相关的）。


Reset

（常指计算机的）复位键；重启键


Mrs

……夫人，……太太，Missus或Mistress的缩写，用于成年女性的姓或名前。在1800年代以前，此词可用于任何地位高的女性，不用考虑婚姻状况；1800年代以后，此词用于已婚女性的姓之前。


programmable read-only memory

programmable read-only memories (plural)


Shutter

兩個主要來源：
* 弓弩手的職業姓氏，源自中古英語 shoten (“射”)的施動者名詞。
* Schutter的美國化拼法。


Morse code

名字來自發明者萨缪尔·摩尔斯。


Hue

顺化，越南中部港口城市。

承天顺化省，越南省份，省会顺化。


SRAM

Static random access memory (“靜態隨機存取記憶體”)之首字母縮略詞。

Shadow random access memory (“影子隨機存取記憶體”)之首字母縮略詞。

Short-range attack missile (“近程攻擊導彈”)之首字母縮略詞。


DET

檢波器，探測器（detector之缩写）


DTS

译码时间标记；解碼時間標記


electronic component

* [简体]:电子元件[通信]
* [正體]:電子元件[通訊]
* 正體: 電子元件[通訊工程]
* 正體: 電子組件[電子計算機]


GPS

NavStar

Global Positioning System (“全球定位系統”)之首字母縮略詞。


GPS

global positioning system (“全球定位系統”)之首字母縮略詞。


Base

源自 base (“短的”)。


collect call

這種用法可以說是過時了，因為雖然技術上來說選項仍然存在，但它的使用現在已經不常見了，而它曾經是常見的（約1920年代到1990年代）。

Hello, operator — I'd like to make a collect call.

你好，接線員——我想打一個對方付費電話。


human nature

How much innate human nature do you think the human races have left?

The most rapid and most seductive transition in all human nature is that which attends the palliation of a ravenous appetite. There is something humiliating about it.[…]Can those harmless but refined fellow-diners be the selfish cads whose gluttony and personal appearance so raised your contemptuous wrath on your arrival?

1922, Ben Travers, 章號 5, 出自 A Cuckoo in the Nest:


Hertz

hertz (“赫茲”)的大小寫替代形式


pwn

網民打 own 時將 o 打成旁邊的 p，而後來被流行起來。

2nd guard: "Yeah, shiiit! I PWNED YO @zz!"

1999年August5日, Quaestor, “Re: [SP] So..the first victim of the Evil/Hero System”, 出自 rec.games.computer.ultima.online (Usenet), retrieved 2016-09-23, message-ID <37AA8154.D77E6EB8@Skara.Brae>:

Otherwise I use fury as my normal attack. Fury completely pwns!

2001, Edward Glamkowski, alt.games.diablo2 (Usenet):

When you get to the Temple of Marr, look very closely at the vases at zone-in and see if you can find the picture where Mith Marr "pwns" someone.

2003, James Grahame, alt.games.everquest (Usenet):

My Trident pwns the Cirrus Logics!

2004, Bronney Hui, alt.comp.periphs.videocards.nvidia (Usenet):

NOOBZ STILL R NOT PWNED. CONTINUE PWNERSHIP UNTIL ALL NOOBZ R PWNED.

2005, AlphaDream, Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time, Nintendo:


pwn

網民打 own 時將 o 打成旁邊的 p，而後來被流行起來。

勝利 （在電子游戲中擊敗對手后發出的感嘆。）


pinyin

Pinyin的另一種寫法


pinyin

Pinyin的另一種寫法


GTD

Grand Touring/Tourer Daytona之首字母縮略詞。源自為戴通納國際賽道設計的豪華旅行車賽車級別及相關的賽事/賽道。

GT Daytona

封閉式座艙的四埨封閉賽車比賽

Grand Touring Daytona

封閉式座艙的四埨封閉賽車比賽

GT

封閉式座艙的四埨封閉賽車比賽

封閉式座艙的四埨封閉賽車比賽

同類詞：GTLM、DP


GTD

同類詞：GTLM、DP


optoelectronic device

* [简体]:光电元件，光电组件[通信]
* [正體]:光電元件[通訊]
* 正體: 光電元件[通訊工程]
* 正體: 光電子裝置[電子計算機]


EFT

electronic funds transfer (“電子金融轉帳”)之首字母縮略詞。


EFT

Emotional Freedom Technique (“情緒釋放技術”)之首字母縮略詞。


agitator

agitant

（政治上的）煽动者，鼓动者

agitatrix

（政治上的）煽动者，鼓动者

（政治上的）煽动者，鼓动者

In addition, they kept a watch on political agitators and foreigners arriving and departing at the port.

此外，他們還監視進出港口的政治煽動者和外國人。

1998, Rajnarayan Chandavarkar, Imperial Power and Popular Politics，第 208 頁:


longwave

長波的（波長大於1000米的）


sampling period

[電機工程][通訊工程]抽样周期；采样周期；取樣週期


sealing

seal 的現在時分詞和動名詞


sealing

seal 的現在時分詞和動名詞


JW

jamming war (“電子干擾戰”)之首字母縮略詞。


EIA

Electronic Industries Alliance (“電子工業聯盟”)之首字母縮略詞。

Energy Information Administration (“美國能源資訊管理局”)之首字母縮略詞。


EIA

environmental impact assessment (“环境影响评估”)之首字母縮略詞。


ADCCP

高级数据通信控制规程，高等資料通訊控制程式（Advanced Data Communication Control Procedure）


DCE

data circuit-terminating equipment (“数据电路终接设备”)之首字母縮略詞。


automatic gain control

[简体]:自动增益控制[通信]

[正體]:增益自動控制[通訊]


ARTA

美国无线电报务员协会（American Radio Telegraphists Association之缩写）


ARPA

[简体]:(美国国防部)高级研究计划署[局](20世纪70年代改称DARPA)[通信]

[正體]:(美國)高等研究計畫部門[通訊]


ARPANET

[简体]:(美国)高级研究计划局网络(简称“阿帕网”)[通信]

[正體]:高級研究計畫署電腦網路[通訊]


ODS

Office of Dietary Supplements (“飲食改善辦公室”)之首字母縮略詞。


ODS

operational data store (“操作型資料儲存”)之首字母縮略詞。


IARU

International Amateur Radio Union (“國際業餘無線電聯盟”)之首字母縮略詞。

International Alliance of Research Universities (“國際研究型大學聯盟”)之首字母縮略詞。

Irish Amateur Rowing Union (“爱尔兰业余赛艇联盟”)之首字母縮略詞。


Mika

* [简体]:米卡(西德研究卫星)[通信]
* [正體]:米卡(西德研究衛星)[通訊]
* 正體: 米卡［西德研究衛星］[通訊工程]


yellow pages

來自電話簿都使用黃色紙張印刷。


signaling

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

[正體]:信號方式，傳訊[通訊]

正體: 信號方式;傳訊[通訊工程]

正體: 發信號[電子計算機]


Tone

河流名，位於英格蘭薩默塞特郡，匯入Parrett河。


automatic level control

自动电平控制（器），自動（信號）位元准控制，自動（信號）位準控制


WT

weight之縮寫。 加权，衡重

weight之縮寫。 重量


PLCP

Physical Layer Convergence Procedure (“物理层会聚协议”)之首字母縮略詞。


available bit rate

有效位速率，可用比特率；可用位元速率，可用位元率


satcoms

The cost of installing a satcoms system will soon be recovered.

1991, Ian Graham, Communications，第 20 頁:

But no-one can dispute that satcoms make for more efficient fleet management and safer ships.

1995, Fairplay international shipping weekly:


acoustic wave

* 正體: 聲波；音波[電機工程]
* 简体: 声波[大气]
* 正體: 聲波[氣象]
* 正體: 聲波[電子工程]


Van Allen radiation belt

來自詹姆斯·范·艾倫，英國物理學家。


telephone conference

The four of us should hold a telephone conference next week.

我們四個人應該下星期開一次電話會議。


automatic volume control

自動音量控制；自動響度控制


TCU

transmission control unit (“變速箱控制單元”)之首字母縮略詞。


Buddha

釋迦牟尼佛陀，佛教的創立者; 悉達多·喬達摩。

覺悟或醒悟的有意識生物。


alarm indication signal

告警指示信號，告警指示訊號（縮寫：AIS）


CKT

circuit (“電路，線路”)之縮寫。


DCC

direct cable connection (“直接電纜連線”)之首字母縮略詞。

deputy chief constable (“警察局副局长”, 英聯邦國家警銜之一)之首字母縮略詞。


async

The tradeoff is that the first time an async event causes a scheduling point, it incurs the thread creation overhead that it has avoided.

2002, Peter Dibble, Real-time Java platform programming:


analog-to-digital converter

模数转换器，類比/數位轉換器


BSS

base station subsystem (“基地台子系統”)之首字母縮略詞。

business support system (“業務支撐系統”)之首字母縮略詞。


critical condition

[電機工程]臨界情形，臨界條件


building block

Words are the building blocks of a language.

Cells are the building blocks of life.


SLM

Sudan Liberation Movement (“蘇丹解放運動”)之首字母縮略詞，亦稱作 SLA


SLM

Single Longitudinal Mode laser (“单纵模激光器”)之首字母縮略詞。


AC/DC

more DC (comparative)
most DC (superlative)

The woman had great difficulty explaining it. ‘You know, AC–DC,’ she kept repeating. Finally she said, ‘Swings both ways.’ ‘Oh, you mean bisexual,’ Sandy said, ‘Yeah,’ the woman said, ‘AC–DC.’

1997, Nancy Toder, Choices, 1980, page 132, 引於 Bisexual Imaginary: Representation, Identity, and Desire, Cassell, →OCLC，第 98 頁:


CAU

configuration assignment unit (“組態指定單位”) 之首字母縮略詞。


all-over

Charing Cross station of the old South-Eastern Railway differed much in appearance from that of today, as it had an arched all-over roof, which collapsed some nine years later and was replaced by the present one.

1939 June, T. R. Perkins, “My Red-Letter Day - II”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 399 頁:


CRE

carbapenem resistant Enterobacteriaceae (“耐碳青霉烯类肠杆菌”)之首字母縮略詞。


nasal consonant

同類詞：nasal vowel


Chinese character

There are no Publick Schools in all China (though ſome Writers have erroneouſly ſet forth the contrary) but every perſon chuſes his own Maſter, by whom he is taught in his Houſe, at his own charge. And in regard of the great difficulty in teaching the Chineſe Characters, in reſpect of their vaſt number and variety, it is impoſſible for one to teach many ſeveral perſons ; and therefore every Maſter of a Family takes an Intſructer into his Houſe for his Children, of whom if there be two or three to learn, they are as many as one Tutor can well teach.

全中国没有公立学校（尽管有些作者错误地提出了相反的说法），但每个人都选择自己的老师，在自己的家里接受老师的教育，由他自己负责。而汉字的教学难度很大，汉字数量众多、种类繁多，一个人不可能教很多人；因此，每个家庭的主人都会为他的孩子们安排一名导师到家里，如果有两三个孩子需要学习，那么一个导师就可以教导尽可能多的孩子。

1669, John Nievhoff, 譯者 John Ogilby, An Embassy from the Eaſt-India Company of the United Provinces, to the Grand Tartar Cham Emperour of China, London: John Macock，第 163 頁:

Had it not been for the casual discovery in the year 1625 of a deeply buried black marble tablet near Hsi-an containing nearly 1,700 Chinese characters, and a long list of names of priests in Syriac, the fact that such a sect rooted itself in the Celestial Empire would never have been believed, as indeed after the tablet was unearthed it was for a long time discredited.

如果不是1625年在西安附近偶然发现了一块深埋的黑色大理石碑，上面有近1700个汉字，以及一长串叙利亚文祭司的名字，永远不会有人相信这样一个教派曾扎根于中国。事实上，碑文出土后很长一段时间内都受到了质疑。

1912, Arthur Henderson Smith, “Uplifting Leaders”, 出自 The Uplift of China, →OCLC，第 117 頁:


SSM

start-up, shutdown or malfunction (“啟動、關閉或故障”)之首字母縮略詞。


CASE

computer aided software engineering (“電腦輔助軟體工程”)之首字母縮略詞。

common application service element (“公用應用服務元件”)之首字母縮略詞。

coatings, adhesives, sealants, elastomers 的合稱。


neutron absorption

[電機工程]中子吸收（作用）


heat conduction

[電機工程]導熱；熱傳導


abscissa

源自 [拉丁語 linea] abscissa 的省略，abscissus 的陰性形式，abscindō (“截斷”) 的完成被動分詞。參見 abscind。

abscissas (plural)
abscissae (plural)
abscissæ (plural)


signal-noise ratio

[電機工程]信號噪聲比；訊號雜訊比


alloyed

more alloyed (comparative)
most alloyed (superlative)

Their pleasure was alloyed with misfortune.

他們的快樂與不幸交織在一起。


alloyed

alloy 的過去式和過去分詞


nuclear isomer

[電機工程]異構核；核同質異構素；同核異構體；同核異構物


name plate

The 4-6-0s are named after governors of the Gold Coast, and carry a curved metal name plate over the middle splasher.

1948 November and December, W. S. Darby, “The Gold Coast Railway—2”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 367 頁:


SBS

sick building syndrome (“病態建築症候群”)之首字母縮略詞。

shaken baby syndrome (“嬰兒搖晃症候群”)之首字母縮略詞。


SBS

Singapore Bus Service (“新加坡巴士有限公司”)之首字母縮略詞。

Special Broadcasting Service (“特別廣播服務公司”)之首字母縮略詞。

Seoul Broadcasting System (“首爾放送”)之首字母縮略詞。


GSS

Government Statistical Service (“政府統計服務”)之首字母縮略詞。

In yesterday’s GSS supplement, we ran an article on Water Sculptures, a series of dance and music performance by Lifeskills & Lifestyle at People’s Association.

2001年June9日, Today, “Great Singapore Sale supplement amendments”, 出自 NewspaperSG:

The offer price lasts till the end of the GSS so hurry. .

2009年July8日, Mr Brown, “Dahon Curve SL special offer”, 出自 Mr Brown.com:

The total amount spent during the two-month GSS was US$1.4 billion this year, up US$1 million from the US$1.3billion in the same period last year.

2012年August10日, Rchia, “Shoppers spend $1.74b this GSS using their MasterCards”, 出自 Asiaone.com:

Stay vigilant while shopping during GSS: Police.

2013年May31日, Natalie Kuan, “Stay vigilant while shopping during GSS: Police”, 出自 The Straits Times:

But shoppers do not have to wait till the GSS starts to go bargain hunting.

2015年May25日, Rebecca Tan Hui Shan, “No need to wait for Great Singapore Sale: Guide to the sales already on at retailers around town”, 出自 The Straits Times:

During the GSS, retailers here offer steep discounts, sometimes up to 70 per cent off their original prices.

2016, YourSingapore, “The Great Singapore Sale”, 出自 YourSingapore.com:


dielectric constant

[電機工程][通訊工程]（電）介質常數，介電常數


RFI

Request for Information (“信息請求”)之首字母縮略詞。

remote file inclusion (“遠程文件包含”)之首字母縮略詞。


spatial distribution

[電機工程]空間分布，分佈或系列地理的觀察，用來代表橫亙地表許多區域的某一特殊現象或特徵行為之評值。


CDM

code division multiplex / code division multiplexing (“码分多路复用”)之首字母縮略詞。


specific activity

[電機工程]比活性；比活度


specific conductance

[電機工程]導電係數；电导率；电导系数


spacecraft

太空機；太空船；宇宙飛船；


RPG

rocket propelled grenade (“火箭推進榴彈”)之首字母縮略詞。

report program generator (“報表編製程式”)之首字母縮略詞。


RPG

RPGs
RPGing
RPG-ing
RPG'ing
RPGed
RPG'ed
RPG'd


assembly language

A skilled programmer can write very fast code in assembly language.


on-air

on air的另一種拼寫法，尤其是用作定語時

He agreed to an on-air interview.


decimal number

13+¹⁄₄ is 13.25 as a decimal number.

13+¹⁄₄是13.25的十進制數。


derived unit

The derived unit of electrical resistance (ohm) is derived from length, mass, time, and electric current.

电阻的导出单位（欧姆）源自长度、质量、时间和电流。


aurora australis

借自新拉丁語 aurōra austrālis，源自拉丁語 aurōra austrālis (字面意思是“南邊的黎明”)。


backsource

將過去外包的工作帶回公司執行


nautical mile

海里，等同於1852公尺（又大約等同於6076英尺或1.151法定英里）

An even more impressive nineteenth-century militarized lighthouse is found on the Taiwanese Wuchiu island, located just 20 nautical miles off the Chinese coast. While much of the surrounding military structure has been demolished, its black tower and high walls painted in camouflage colours stand as reminders of the contested history of this small frontier island.

距離中國海岸僅20海里的台灣烏坵島上有一座更令人印象深刻的19世紀軍事燈塔。雖然周圍大部分的軍事建築已被拆除，但其黑色塔樓和塗有迷彩顏色的高牆仍然提醒著人們這個邊境小島有爭議的歷史。

2022, Veronica della Dora, Where Light in Darkness Lies: The Story of the Lighthouse, →ISBN, →OCLC:

sea mile之同義詞、斯堪的納維亞歷史上使用的距離單位，約等於4海里


RFA

Royal Fleet Auxiliary (“皇家海軍輔助艦隊”)之首字母縮略詞。

Royal Field Artillery (“皇家野戰炮兵”)之首字母縮略詞。

Radio Free Asia (“自由亞洲電台”)之首字母縮略詞。


RFA

FA

restricted free agent (“受限自由球員”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：UFA

request for application (“申請請求”)之首字母縮略詞。


soot blower

In order to deal with deposits of soot on boiler-tubes while running, especially if poor coal is in use, locomotives are often now provided with blowers on the firebox back-plate which can be made to discharge a jet of high pressure steam towards the firebox tubeplates; this has the effect of loosening and blowing off the soot deposits.

1944 May and June, “The Why and the Wherefore: Locomotive Soot Blowers”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 194 頁:


scrotum

非同化借詞，源自拉丁語 scrōtum。

The female labia majora are homologous to the male scrotum.

女性大陰唇與男性陰囊同源。


discrete variable

斷續變數，離散變數，離散型變量


arc lamp

He walked. To the corner of Hamilton Place and Picadilly, and there stayed for a while, for it is a romantic station by night. The vague and careless rain looked like threads of gossamer silver passing across the light of the arc-lamps.

1922, Michael Arlen, “Ep./1/2”, 出自 “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:


SSB

同類詞：SB、VSB、DSB

social security board (“社會保障委員會”)之首字母縮略詞。

To get a bit technical for a moment, the specific feature that Mozilla abandoned is called “site-specific browsers,” or SSBs.

2021年January26日, Jared Newman, “Firefox just walked away from a key piece of the open web”, 出自 Fast Company:

star schema benchmark (“星型模式基準”)之首字母縮略詞。


SSB

Super Smash Brothers (“任天堂明星大亂鬥”)之首字母縮略詞。

Standard Southern British (“標準英國南部英語”)之首字母縮略詞。


direct access

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见direct、access。


number theory

Factorization has driven many great discoveries in number theory.

因式分解推動了數論中的許多重大發現。


amplifier

能使某物放大或變得更強烈的事物

The football team is not an extension of Iran’s leaders, but is in fact the opposite, seen as an amplifier for freedom, group expression, modernity.

足球队不是伊朗领导人的延伸，事实上恰恰相反，它被视为自由、群体表达和现代化的放大器。

2022年November21日, Barney Ronay, “Iran’s brave and powerful gesture is a small wonder from a World Cup of woe”, 出自 The Guardian:

增加強度的副詞，如“really”、“totally”


AS

Anglo-Saxon (“盎格魯-薩克遜”)之首字母縮略詞。

Assam (“阿薩姆”)之縮寫。


AS

aortic stenosis (“主动脉瓣狭窄”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：AD


AS

源自阿拉伯語 عَلَيْهِ ٱلسَّلَامُ (ʕalayhi s-salāmu, “愿主安福之”)。


spinning top

Patel says the muons behave a bit like a child’s spinning top, in rotating around the axis of the magnetic field. However, as the muons move, they wobble.

帕特尔说，μ子的行为有点像小孩的陀螺，它们围绕磁场轴旋转。然而，当μ子移动时，它们会摆动。

2023年August11日, Nicola Davis, “Scientists may be on brink of discovering fifth force of nature”, 出自 The Guardian:


AMU

atomic mass unit (“原子質量單位”)之首字母縮略詞。

astronaut maneuvering unit (“宇航員操縱單位”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：MMU (manned maneuvering unit)、SAFER、zip gun、jet pack、rocket pack、jet belt、rocket belt


AMU

Aligarh Muslim University (“阿里格爾穆斯林大學”)之首字母縮略詞。


dynamic equilibrium

[電機工程]動力平衡；動態平衡


stand-by

[...] a "Britannia" Pacific, No. 70006, was kept as a stand-by at March.

1962 April, “Motive power miscellany: Eastern Region”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 279 頁:


differential equation

最早出自數學家查爾斯·海耶斯1704年的著作。仿譯自拉丁語 aequatio differentialis，萊布尼茨在1676年造出了這個拉丁語詞彙。


performance test

(美國律師資格考試中的) 法律任務模擬測試


isothermal process

[電機工程][氣象]等溫程序；等溫過程


surface layer

[電機工程]表面層；表層


subway

正體: 地道；地下電車道[電機工程]


positive potential

[電機工程]正電位；正电势


steam turbine

It was opened in 1904 as the largest traction power station in Europe and one of the first to use steam turbines, which have been the only game in town for power stations ever since.

2012, Andrew Martin, Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube, Profile Books, ISBN 978-1846684777，第 139 頁:


burglar alarm

防盜報警器發出的響亮警報訊號


injecter

[…] young people who are starting to inject or are at risk of becoming injecters; […]

2010, Rowdy Yates, Margaret S. Malloch, Tackling Addiction: Pathways to Recovery，第 171 頁:


programming language

/ˈpɹəʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/

/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ læŋɡwɪdʒ/


butt joint

Using the lap joint in any of its applications provides strength in a cabinet where a butt joint would or could be used.

1990, Byron W. Maguire, Cabinetmaking: From Design to Finish, Carlsbad, CA: Craftsman，第 234 頁:


thermal couple

[電機工程]熱偶；温差电偶


primary color

[测绘学][計算機]原色


enrichment factor

[電機工程]濃化因數，富集因數，浓缩[富集]因子


CD

compact disc (“光盤，光碟”)之首字母縮略詞。
音樂專輯

I misplaced the Windows 98 install CD.

我把 Windows 98的安裝光盤放到不知哪兒去了。

Called Compact Discs (CD for short) and expected to enter the market by 1983, they play an hour per side and are virtually indestructible.

1980年April13日, Allan Kozinn, “The Future is Digital”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:

Mariah Carey's new CD has some R'n'B influences.

瑪利亞·凱利的新專輯中有一些R&B的影響。

Along the route to Tanyin flowed a fast stream of staff and C.D. cars.

1955, Graham Greene, The Quiet American:

Jake lengthened his stride and crossed the road in front of a double-parked car, large, black and with CD plates.

1978, Kingsley Amis, Jake's Thing, Vintage 2007, p. 8:

chart datum (“海圖基準面”)之首字母縮略詞。

cluster of differentiation (“分化群集”)之首字母縮略詞。

cooldown (“冷卻時間”)之縮寫。

同類詞：CI


CD

By now I did not feel right without a bra and panties whenever I CD'ed.

1993 January 5, "Tierney Dhewitrei" (username), about me, is it familiar?, in alt.transgendered, Usenet:


PTT

professional technical trainer (“专业技术培训师”)之首字母縮略詞。

postal telephone and telegraph (“邮政电话和电报”)之首字母縮略詞。

platform terminal transmitter (“平台终端发射机”)之首字母縮略詞。

Partitioning tracer test (“分区示踪试验”)之首字母縮略詞。

partial thromboplastin time (“部分凝血活酶时间”)之首字母縮略詞。

protein truncation test (“蛋白截断实验”)之首字母縮略詞。

part task trainer (“部分任务训练器”)之首字母縮略詞。


PTT

push-to-talk / press-to-talk / push-to-transmit / press-to-transmit之首字母縮略詞。


pulse-code modulation

[電機工程]脈波電碼調變；脈碼調變


emergency service

Only when one has seen a Control Office at first-hand does one realise the vast amount of unsparing but largely unsung work that is behind the eventual publication, perhaps, of a paragraph in this journal's "Motive Power Miscellany" recording the appearance, within hours of the complete blockage of a main line, of many of its trains, passenger and freight, on routes quite foreign to them; and of effective emergency services either side of the disaster area.

1962 August, G. Freeman Allen, “Traffic control on the Great Northern Line”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 133 頁:


color filter

[電機工程]濾色器，濾色片


extinction coefficient

[電機工程][氣象]消光係數


radar cross section

其他形式：(縮寫) RCS


extended target

(電子工程) 延伸目標，扩展目标


short circuit

short circuits
short circuiting
short circuited

繞過一個或多個中間步驟，使進行的過程在自然結束前終止

[H]is temporarily successful attempt to smear Redfield is an effort to short-circuit the narrative into premature and mistaken resolution.

1998, Catherine Nickerson, The Web of Iniquity:

You do not need to follow your entire sales cycle if the customer wants to short-circuit it for you.

2002, Jim Kasper, Short Cycle Selling: Beating Your Competitors in the Sales Race:

My mother, determined to short-circuit my outcry, would match my objections by pointing out an inherent reward for doing such work.

2003, Gina Hens-Piazza, Nameless, Blameless, and Without Shame: Two Cannibal Mothers Before a King:

At times, the Knicks’ offense looked short-circuited. Anthony, despite his cold hand, kept shooting. / “They all feel good, to be honest with you,” Anthony said. “It wasn’t long, it wasn’t short, they were bouncing off the rim, they were chippers, the same shot I hit all the time so I can’t stop taking my shots.”

2016年November28日, Mike Vorkunov, “Despite Flash of Rose’s Prime, Knicks Are Dazed by Westbrook and Thunder”, 出自 The New York Times:

For example, to short-circuit the "LoggedIn()" or "LogIn()" "if" conditional, replace the "Or" with "OrElse" and the statement is interpreted to mean "if not logged in, then log in".

2002, Paul Kimmel, Visual Basic.Net Unleashed:

If you would like to short-circuit, you must replace "And" with the "AndAlso" keyword and "Or" with the "OrElse" keyword, as follows....

2002, Jose Mojico, C# and VB.NET Conversion Pocket Reference:

The "Demand" is done to ensure that you have indeed been granted this permission before using the "Assert" to short-circuit the stackwalk.

2006: Jay Hillard & Stephen Teilhet, C# Cookbook


blow down

blows down
blowing down
blew down
blown down

I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house down.

Part of the shed was recently blown down in a gale and has been removed, leaving rather inadequate accommodation.

1951 June, “Notes and News: Eskdale Railway Rolling Stock”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 424 頁:

A tree had been blown down on the track east of Chippenham. Bath Spa station became a scene of milling confusion. One minute we were told that trains were running. Then they weren't. Then they were again. Not a sound basis on which to try rejigging a business trip.

2020年June3日, Andrew Mourant, “A safer railway in a greener habitat”, 出自 RAIL，第 58 頁:

同類詞：rinse down、wash down

Blow down this enclosure and do some chip handling before you run this machine any further.


uranium compound

uranium compound, uranium compounds, uranium compound's, uranium compounds';


vapor pressure

[電機工程]汽壓；蒸汽压[力]


fire extinguisher

/ˈfaɪəɹ ɪkˌstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ.ə(ɹ)/


retention period

[電機工程]保留週期；保存週期；保存时间；保持期間


frequency domain

[電機工程]頻（率領）域


viscous fluid

[電機工程][大气]黏性流體


unit step

正體: 單級[電機工程]

正體: 單位階段；單步；單級[電子計算機]


waste recovery

[環境]廢料收復；廢棄物再利用，指從廢棄物獲取物質或能源的過程。


Gaussian distribution

[電機工程][通訊工程]高士分布；高斯分佈；高斯分配


water supply

給水；供水，可供使用的水源，同時包含水庫、井、渠道和處理設施等能夠使水成為可得且可用水源的系統。


gamma ray

加馬射線；伽碼射線；伽馬射線；γ射線


action rule

作業規則
作業規則包含一組指示活動執行的規則，通常作業規則會和資料庫裡面所存在的特徵進行比對，如果條件符合特徵描述，便可以由系統自動依據所事先定義的作業規則執行特定活動。
作業規則也可以是一組提供人員種人操作指示，包括判斷條件、操作步驟及訊息描述。


來自各個宗教、哲學和基本人權理的"ethic of reciprocity"或者"Golden Rule"(黃金律)。
英文的通用說法:
:"do to others what you would like to be done to you"
或
:"do not do to others what you would not like to be done to you"
受英國哲學家约翰·洛克(John Locke)的影響。
第一次英文的"Do unto other"是在英國天主教西元一五六七年「公教要理」("Catechism")中出現。主要來自於新約聖經《路加福音》("Book of Luke")中耶穌("Jesus of Nazareth")說到:
:"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you."


anti-clockwise

#n.逆時針方向；反時針方向


sufficient

（过时）能够履行义务的；负有责任的。


Hi

男子名，Hiram 的缩词。


sampling error

抽樣誤差，取樣誤差，采样误差


x-band

X波帶/X頻帶，範圍從8.0到12.0赫茲。


ALN

[通訊工程]校準（alignment之缩写）

[通訊]對準，調整，調節，定位，定中心，使成一直線（align之缩写）


Faraday

法拉第，源自愛爾蘭語的姓氏。

麥可·法拉第（Michael Faraday），英國化學家、物理學家


rain cats and dogs

rains cats and dogs
raining cats and dogs
rained cats and dogs

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-rain cats and dogs.ogg

有關本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:rain cats and dogs。


British Broadcasting Corporation

正體: 英國廣播公司[通訊工程]


ATWS

掃描時自動追蹤［雷達］（automatic track while scanning之缩写）


SAR

分段重装子层（segmentation and resassembly sublayer之缩写）


AUX

輔助設備，輔助的，備用的，附加的（auxiliary之缩写）


SPX

Sequenced Packet Exchange (“序列分組交換”)之首字母縮略詞。


SNR

信號雜訊比（signal-to-noise ratio/signal to noise ratio之缩写）


ACM

abstract control model (“抽象控制模型”)之首字母縮略詞。


avalanche photodiode

雪崩光电二极管；崩潰檢光器，崩潰檢光二極體


titanium dioxide

二氧化鈦，化学式TiO2，白色非水溶性粉末，可在1560°C溶化，商業上可由二氧化鈦礦物(鈦鐵礦和金紅石)製造；使用在顏料和化妝品中。


American Standard Code for Information Interchange


universal constant

自然常數；通用常數；普適恆量；普適常數


nuclear radiation

[通訊工程]核輻射；核子輻射


OOK

開關鍵控，啟閉鍵控，二元振幅鍵控（on-off keying）


antijamming

Most military radios have some antijamming capability so they can be used in spite of the enemy's efforts to render them inoperative.

絕大多數的軍用電台都有抗干擾能力，所以即使有敵軍嘗試干擾，也能保持運作。

The new copier had an antijamming design to keep the paper from getting stuck.

這台新的複印機有防卡住的設計，出紙時紙不會發生堵塞。


risetime

By using the correlation between risetime and position we were able to obtain a measured resolution of 92 #x5C;mum (FWHM), corresponding to an intrinsic resolution of 64 #x5C;mum (FMHM) for a single Z-stack MCP detector.

2015, Davinder Siwal, B.B. Wiggins, R. T. deSouza, “Using pulse shape analysis to improve the position resolution of a resistive anode microchannel plate detector”, 出自 arXiv:


APB

backward adaptive prediction (“向後調適預測”)之首字母縮略詞。


TELNET

telnet的另一種寫法


environmental noise

[環境][通訊工程]環境噪音，環境雜訊，指來自周圍環境所有污染源的聲音與其特性。


time-multiplexed switching

时隙复用交换，時間多工交換機


microwave oven

同類詞：conventional oven、convection oven、induction oven

分體詞：carousel


Internet Protocol

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Internet Protocol.wav


antennal

more antennal (comparative)
most antennal (superlative)


autotomy

简体: 自割,自残[动物学]

正體: 自割；自體割棄[動物學]


CSDN

circuit-switched data network (“線換式資訊網路”)之首字母縮略詞。


AQB

Appraisal Qualification Board (“鑒定資格委員會”)之首字母縮略詞。


CPSK

coherent phase-shift keying (“同調相移鍵控”)之首字母縮略詞。


CDMA

code division multiple access (“碼分多址接取”)之首字母縮略詞。


CBR

cosmic background radiation (“宇宙背景辐射”)之首字母縮略詞。

VBR


CRC

循環複核字元（cycle redundancy check character）


AC

[信息科技]访问周期，存取周期/ 存取週期（access cycle之缩写）


ICMP

Internet Control Message Protocol (“互联网控制消息协议”)之首字母縮略詞。

International Commission on Missing Persons (“失蹤人員國際委員會”)之首字母縮略詞。

For 10 years, the International Commission on Missing Persons (ICMP) has been assembling data on the 40,000 civilians who disappeared in the wars that followed the break-up of the former Yugoslavia.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2006, Sally Lehrman. "Missing No Longer", Scientific American, 295 (3): 18.


CNR

carrier to noise ratio (“載波-干擾功率比”)之首字母縮略詞。


ADF

automatic direction finder (“自動方向探知機”)之首字母縮略詞。

automatic document feeder (“自動輸稿器”)之首字母縮略詞。

Application Development Framework (of Oracle) (“Oracle應用程式開發框架”)之首字母縮略詞。


AFA

Associate of the Faculty of Actuaries (“英國精算師協會准學士”)之首字母縮略詞。


AFA

American Family Association (“美國家庭協會”)之首字母縮略詞。


aluminium bronze

鋁青銅，含5%-10%鋁的銅合金


abstract data type

同類詞：algebraic data type


CLR

But we can't use function pointers as we would in C++, and not just for the ideological reason that it doesn't enter into the spirit of the brave new pointerless world of the CLR.

2003, Ian Griffiths, Matthew Adams, .NET Windows forms in a nutshell (page 18)

current limiting resistor (“限流电阻”)之首字母縮略詞。

cell loss ratio (“信元丢失率”)之首字母縮略詞。

computer language recorder (“計算機語言記錄器”)之首字母縮略詞。

clear (“清除；歸零”)的縮約形。


airscrew

任何工作流體是空氣的驅動盤


anodizing

anodize 的現在時分詞和動名詞


CMOS

基於CMOS的影像感測器


blow-by

從引擎洩漏至汽缸的未完全/完全燃燒的氣體


buoy tender

用於保護導航浮標的勤務船


angle of attack

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见angle、attack。


actinon

氡的同位素（²¹⁹₈₆Rn）；錒射氣


backsplice

将纏繞繩索的两端固定在绳索本身，以防磨損


boiler room

建築物裡的鍋爐等機械設備的房間


contour map

[测绘学]等值線圖；等高線圖；等深線圖


all told

來自all + told (“計算”)，來自tell的本義，現為古舊義項。

I think they had over 300 people there, all told.


anchor's aweigh

当锚被拉起并且不再锚固在船底时，对起锚命令的响应

Then the mate called again to the captain, “Anchor’s aweigh, sir!” while the men kept on heaving.

[1928] 1988, Frederick Pease Harlow, The Making of a Sailor http://books.google.com/books?ie=UTF-8&hl=en&vid=ISBN0486256138&id=maCNIgbmJMgC&pg=PA106&lpg=PA106&sig=9Fd6uA0SsfwXRKuI4mZqnZokyAU

Amory’s voice came again from the fo’c’sle. ‘Anchor’s aweigh, sir.’

‘Anchor’s apeak — they pawl and back — ’ At this moment the American frigate fired a gun, dropped her topgallantsails, and sheeted them home. ‘Anchor’s aweigh,’ called Broke. ‘He plucked it up in fine style.’

1994, Patrick O'Brian, The Fortune of War:


blue ice

藍冰，外表藍色的冰，由冰河上的雪形成，裡頭的氣泡被擠出。

Antarctica is the best place in the world to find meteorites, and the search for Antarctic meteorites begins with the search for blue ice.

1997, Pat Dasch and Allan Treiman, Blue Ice in Antarctica, Lunar and Planetary Institute:

Tourists on a boat trip in Mount Cook National Park were subject to a rare treat yesterday, when a section of densely compressed blue ice at the base of an iceberg was briefly visible.

2011 January 14, Eveline Harvey, New Zealand blue ice sighting an unexpected treat for tourists, New Zealand Herald:

Typically, blue ice areas form where mountains obstruct ice flow and high winds transport a lot of snow.

2012, Glaciology of Blue Ice Areas in Antarctica, Climate Change Institute:

藍冰，從航空器外漏的人類排泄物，在高空凍結，然後掉到地面。

Cadamore believes the mess came from an airplane. In the airline industry, it's euphemistically known as blue ice. Most people have far less judicious names for it. Such waste apparently is caused by leaks in airplane lavatories.

2002 November 21, Mark Belko, The sky is falling? Uh, not exactly, post-gazette.com:

A chunk of blue ice, apparently from the holding tank of an aircraft toilet, ripped a hole in an elderly couple's roof and destroyed a bed.

2006 October 20, Toilet Ice Rips Hole in Couple's Roof, Fox News:

Simey had just returned home from taking her 6-month-old son to a doctor when a block of "blue ice" landed in the master bedroom, right on her bed.

2008 April 14, Frozen jetliner waste smashes into home, UPI:

They are often called "blue ice", because of the chemicals added to the toilets in planes to reduce odour and break down the waste.

2018 January 22, Airline poo' falls on India village causing confusion, BBC:


WB

whole blood (“全血”)之首字母縮略詞。

world's best (“世界最好成績”)之首字母縮略詞。

wide band (“寬頻帶”)之首字母縮略詞。


WB

welcome back (“歡迎回來”)之首字母縮略詞。


design speed

The road's design speed is only 60mph, as some of the corners are a little sharp.

The vessel's design speed is 20 knots, though we can push her up to 25 if necessary.


cruising speed

to reach cruising speed


bench test

When the diesel engine has undergone its bench tests, and the various temperatures, loads and fuel consumptions have been recorded, it is then ready for coupling to the generator.

1962 April, R. K. Evans, “The Acceptance Testing of Diesel Locomotives”, 出自 Modern Railways，第 267 頁:


bench test

That’s funny, the throbulator was working fine when I bench tested it.


escape hatch

What we need is progress with an escape hatch.


clear view screen

一种安装在窗户上的圆形平板玻璃，可旋转以驱散雨水、水雾和雪，通常由盘中心的电动机驱动，并且通常会加热以防止冷凝或结冰


computer-aided design

/ˈkəmˈpjuːtəˌeɪˈdɪdˌdɪˈzʌɪn/

The technology seeks to identify the birds' nests on the ground. Details of their location are then fed into computer-aided design drawings and the global positioning systems of machinery working on site, to let operators know when they are working near exclusion zones.

2020年August12日, “Network News: Drones locate skylark nests”, 出自 Rail，第 23 頁:


berthing

berth 的現在時分詞和動名詞


berthing

船隻外面的木板，在舷緣上

泊位，尤其比喻睡覺的地方


cable modem

线缆调制解调器；有線電視數據機


fishhood

Petrovitch had taken and passed the astronavigation exam the exact same time Rimmer had made his claims to fishhood.

1989, Grant Naylor, Red Dwarf: Infinity Welcomes Careful Drivers:


fire damper

暖氣、通風管道等的防火擋板


bulk carrier

Otherwise, overseas coking coal will be moved to the UK by bulk ocean carrier, which are among the filthiest polluting objects on the face of the Earth we seek to protect.

2022年November16日, Nigel Harris, “Endless news... little context”, 出自 RAIL, 第 970 期，第 3 頁:


four-stroke engine

同類詞：two-stroke engine


explementary angles

一對總和為360度的角，共軛角


awning

At Nairobi the mail waits an hour-and-a-half. The station has three long platforms, mostly covered in awnings, the island connected with the main platform (which is used by the mails in both directions) by a subway.

1950 April, Timothy H. Cobb, “The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 265 頁:

But instead, the distinctive ironwork and glass platform awnings have been carefully refurbished, while making them compatible with the overhead wiring. Kettering's island Platform 2/3 is especially noteworthy. Although it dates from 1879, when the station was enlarged to four platforms, the same original (1857) patterns for the delicate cast-ironwork seem to have been used - […].

2022年December14日, Robin Leleux, “A royal occasion as heritage projects honoured: Kettering”, 出自 RAIL, 第 972 期，第 56 頁:


domestic waste

[環境]家庭廢棄物；生活废弃物，居民日常生活所產生的廢棄物，由任何不再使用或需要的物品組成。


companion ladder

Just as I got my head above the companion ladder, I felt an indescribably unpleasant sensation, suddenly, as it were, losing the power of breathing […] .

1808–10, William Hickey, Memoirs of a Georgian Rake, Folio Society 1995, p. 87:

The flat roof proved a great luxury, for we sat on our housetop at night, which we reached by a species of companion-ladder from below, and enjoyed our elevated position immensely.

1887, Harriet W. Daly, Digging, Squatting, and Pioneering Life in the Northern Territory of South Australia，第 112 頁:


NFC

National Football Conference (“國家美式足球聯會”)之首字母縮略詞。


NFC

Normalization Form: (Canonical) Composition之首字母縮略詞。

noise feedback coding (“雜訊回授編碼”)之首字母縮略詞。

negative feedback circuit (“負回饋電路”)之首字母縮略詞。

near field communication (“近場通訊”)之首字母縮略詞。


brake test

We left Paris to time and after the brake test at St. Denis it was my pleasure to drive No. U.1 for the rest of the day.

1961 March, 'Balmore', “Driving and firing modern French steam locomotives”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 150 頁:

We remain motionless in the platform while the ex-Edinburgh draws forward, the points are set, and it is propelled back for attachment. The Edinburgh locomotive uncoupled, a brake test is performed and we're away.

2023年February8日, Greg Morse, “Crossing the border... by Sleeper”, 出自 RAIL, 第 976 期，第 43 頁:


brake test

"Max was brake testing me into the first two corners. I was very upset with the fact Max held me up and didn't move and made me run into Daniel."

2016年October31日, Andrew Benson, “Mexican Grand Prix: Max Verstappen says he is 'not allowed to race' after penalty”, 出自 BBC:


hospital ship

The Leinster has been in use as a hospital ship and a transport, but is now released and is refitting for her regular service.

1946 March and April, “Notes and News: Anglo-Irish Steamship Fleets”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 118 頁:


AWG

This will allow for up to two additional 2/0 AWG Type TW conductors to be installed at a later date.

2003, Michael E. Brumbach, Jeffrey A. Clade, Chapter 27: Wiring Methods, Industrial Maintenance, page 347,

Cable size 10 AWG has an ampacity of 40 amps (90°C insulation) or 35 amps (evaluated with 75°C insulation).

2005, John Schaeffer, Doug Pratt (editors), Appendix, Gaiam Real Goods Solar Living Sourcebook, page 517,

For example: What is the allowable ampacity of one of three 8 AWG THHN copper conductors in a metal raceway system used at 60°C?

2005, James Stallcup, Stallcup′s Electrical Design Book, 2005 Edition, page 8-9,

An important parameter in the AWG is the free spectral range (FSR) which defines the wavelength periodicity of fixed width [12].

2011, Elaine Wong, Chapter 3: Optical Technologies in Passive Optical Networks, Cedric F. Lam (editor), Passive Optical Networks: Principles and Practice, page 94,


AWG

The AWG is working backwards, Finney says: normally, geologists identify strata that should enter the geological timescale before considering a golden spike; in this case, they’re seeking out the lower boundary of an undefined set of geological layers.

2022年December13日, McKenzie Prillaman, “Are we in the Anthropocene? Geologists could define new epoch for Earth”, 出自 Nature, →DOI:


hydrofoil craft

hydrofoil craft (plural)
hydrofoil crafts (plural)


mainshaft

箭的主軸（其中插入了装有箭头的前杆）


engine room

球隊或其他團隊的力量泉源 中場

球隊或其他團隊的力量泉源 一對閉鎖前鋒

球隊或其他團隊的力量泉源 前排

球隊或其他團隊的力量泉源 鋼鼓樂隊的節奏組

And no steel band would be complete without its rhythm section or engine room, as the percussion section is known.

2018, Polly Thomas, The Rough Guide to Trinidad and Tobago, Apa Publications, →ISBN:


mailroom

Oh, Pete. This is not the gym. — That’s right, Anna. This is the mailroom.
哦，皮特。這不是健身房。——沒錯，安娜。這裡是郵件收發室。
#*::
 音頻（美國）： (檔案)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)


bulk cargo

bulk cargoes (plural)
bulk cargos (plural)

Almost all modern cranes are electrically operated and a quick-acting type of 30 cwt. capacity is suitable for general cargo, but not powerful enough to operate grabs for discharge of bulk cargoes.

1945 January and February, T. F. Cameron, “Dock Working”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 11 頁:


trichogyne

法語，來自古希臘語 θρίξ (thríx, “毛髮”) + γυνή (gunḗ, “雌性，陰性”)。

Ascodesmis is a third type which might be derived either directly or through the erysiphaceous type from an endomycetous ancestor; the antheridium and oogonium are but little differentiated, but the latter is furnished with a trichogyne and becomes septate after fertilization; the ascogenous hyphae are few and the sheath simple.

2010, Helen Gwynne-Vaughan, Fungi: Ascomycetes, Ustilaginales, Uredinales，第 54 頁:


Froude number

[氣象]弗劳德数；夫如數


control unit interface

控制器接口；控制單元介面


boiling point

/ˈbɔɪlɪŋ ˌpɔɪnt/

Although the encounter was bathed in sunshine, the match failed to reach boiling point but that will be of little concern to Gerard Houllier's team, who took a huge step forward before they face crucial matches against their relegation rivals.

2011年April10日, Alistair Magowan, “Aston Villa 1 - 0 Newcastle”, 出自 BBC Sport:


AFC

American Football Conference (“美國美式足球聯會”)之首字母縮略詞。

Adelaide Football Club (“阿德萊德澳式足球會”)之首字母縮略詞。

Application Foundation Classes (“應用程序基類”)之首字母縮略詞。

additional finance charges (“額外財務費用”)之首字母縮略詞。

Automatic Frequency Control (“自動頻率控制”)之首字母縮略詞。

Asian Football Confederation (“亞洲足球聯盟”)之首字母縮略詞。

Arsenal Football Club (“阿森納足球俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。


AFC

automated fare collection (“自動售檢票系統”)之首字母縮略詞。

Association Football Club (“足球俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。

average frustrated chump (“感情中失意的平庸男性”)之首字母縮略詞。


CATV

community antenna television (“社區共用天線電視”)之首字母縮略詞。


Nansen bottle

[測繪學]南生采水器；南森瓶


minehunter

和minesweeper對比，，在未探測到水雷的情況下整體清除雷區的船隻。兼具這兩種功能的船隻被稱為反水雷艦（mine countermeasures vessel，MCMV）。


magnetic compass

某些動物體內的假想器官，可使其與地球磁場一致


final act

電影、戲劇或敘事的最後部分，將故事情節串聯起來並對要點進行解釋

退休或去世前的最後一項表現或成就


light-weight

more light-weight (comparative)
most light-weight (superlative)


seaworthiness

The ship leaked like a sieve and rode like a barrel; in other words it was completely lacking in seaworthiness.

这艘船漏水如筛子，航行如桶，换句话说，它完全不具备适航性。


mill scale

Recently the Great Northern Railway, U,S.A., which has a considerable mileage of line bordering the Pacific seaboard, has put in service mobile equipment for applying anti-corrosion treatment to rails. An old motor-car has been adapted to carry two oxy-acetylene flame-cleaning heads, which simultaneously clean both sides of both rails of all mill-scale and rust as the car is hand-propelled forward; men follow to brush away the loosened material; the final operation is that of spraying both rails, by means of paint guns carried on a trolley, with a corrosion-resisting compound.

1951 October, “Preventing Rail Corrosion”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 648 頁:


reversing gear

A new type of air-inducing ring improved considerably the atomising and distribution of the oil fuel in the firebox, and it was advanced practice for the period that the new engine was equipped with compressed air operation of both the reversing gear and the water-scoop.

1961 February, Cecil J. Allen, “Salute to the "Claud Hamiltons" & "Directors"”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 115 頁:


ground truth

简体: 地面实况[测绘学]

正體: 地面真像[測量學]


launching

launch 的現在時分詞和動名詞


launching

Launch 指的是一個時間點上的事件。Launching 指的是一個持續性的過程。

The launching of the Titanic.

By 1940 they had conducted 25 successful launchings of A5 rockets, which reached 10 miles altitude and had a range of 12 miles.

2010, Raymond Friedman, A History of Jet Propulsion, Including Rockets，第 123 頁:


vitellarium

來自新拉丁語，來自vitellus (“蛋黃”) + -ārium (“與之聯合的地方”)。

In the hymenolepid cestode Fimbriaria fasciolaris, the vitellaria and uterus are continuous throughout the strobila.

1988, K. G. Adiyodi, Reproductive Biology of Invertebrates, Accessory Sex Glands，第 41 頁:

Germarium and vitellarium are distinct and the latter contains one or two small, immature basal oocytes.

2015年July8日, “Convergent Reduction of Ovariole Number Associated with Subterranean Life in Beetles”, 出自 PLOS ONE, →DOI:


following sea

順浪（與船隻航向相同或相似的海浪）


cast steel

同類詞：cast iron、cast aluminum、cast bronze、cast brass

同類詞：blister steel

CAST STEEL / A search for metals of lighter, and more durable qualities than iron led to a new process in producing steel. In 1740 Benjamin Huntsman, a watchmaker, searching for a lighter, and less brittle metal than the old blister steel, hit upon melting steel in a crucible, or in a pot, lined with clay and graphite. The crucible could withstand the high temperatures necessary to melt metals in a container. To the product of the crucible was given the name "cast steel." [because it was poured (cast) from a melted state, unlike blister steel] / A DISTINCTION OF TERMS / Readers are cautioned at this point to understand that the terms "cast steel" and "steel castings" are not interchangeable, and, in fact, bear very little relationship to each other. It is true that steel castings must be made of "cast steel," but not all "cast steel" goes into the manufacture of steel castings. "Cast steel" merely describes the mass of metal which, after being melted, is poured into a mold of one sort or another, whether steel ingot molds or castings. Steel castings are objects which are given their final form in sand-filled molds. "Cast steel" may be poured into molds to form steel castings but it may also find its way, eventually, into structural steel, rolled steel or forgings; steel castings are the products of the steel foundry.

1949, History Committee of District No. 1 of the Steel Founders' Society of America, 編者AD Graeff AD, A History of Steel Casting, District No. 1 of the Steel Founders' Society of America, →LCCN，第 5–6 頁s:

Several journals make a note of the fact that the William Butcher Steel Works supplied 3000 tons of cast steel for the building of the Eads Bridge across the Mississippi River at St. Louis, and the content of the statements may lead readers to assume that these were steel castings. In the opinion of Mr. John N. Mudd, historian of the Midvale Steel Company, the materials furnished the bridge builders in St. Louis were cast steel and not steel castings.

1949, History Committee of District No. 1 of the Steel Founders' Society of America, 編者AD Graeff, A History of Steel Casting, District No. 1 of the Steel Founders' Society of America, →LCCN，第 8–9 頁s:


sherardizing

sherardize 的現在時分詞和動名詞


promenade deck

There are main and upper decks and a promenade deck.

1947 January and February, “New Southern Channel Steamer”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 49 頁:


great circle

great-circle arc

球體表面兩點間距最短的圓形的一段。

球體表面兩點間距最短的圓形的一段。

Wherever a navigator may be, it certainly would be to his advantage to be able to find the great circle, or shortest course, and the distance, to his port of destination, [....]

1902, S. L. Penfield, "Use of the Stereographic Projection for Geographical Maps and Sailing Charts", in American Journal of Science

The shortest distance between two points on an ocean Mercator chart is not a straight line - it is a curve known as a 'great circle'.

2003, Jeff Toghill, The Navigator's Handbook: Essential Methods and Equipment--and how to Use Them

Because the Earth's surface is curved, the shortest distance is actually a curve over the surface called a great circle.

2005, Phil Medina, Homework Helpers: Earth Science，第 52 頁:


offsets

offset 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


CAP

catabolite activator protein (“解物激活蛋白”) 之首字母縮略詞。

community-acquired pneumonia (“社区获得性肺炎”) 之首字母縮略詞。

consistency, availability, partition-tolerance 之首字母縮略詞。

change acceleration process (“变革加速进程”) 之首字母縮略詞。


CAP

Common Agricultural Policy (“共同农业政策”) 之首字母縮略詞。


light intensity

[氣象]光照强度，光強度，光强


main frame

The main frames are of 1¼-in. thick plates spaced 3 ft. 2½ in. apart, the centre lines coinciding with the centre of the axlebox guide faces.

1951 March, “British Railways Standard "Britannia" Class 4-6-2 Locomotives”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 186 頁:

靠近船舶中間最大的結構框架


IAU

International Astronomical Union (“國際天文學聯合會”)之首字母縮略詞。


two-stroke engine

同類詞：four-stroke engine


aqualung

Aqualung是1943年 Emile Gagnan 和 Jacques Cousteau 推出的第一款開放式水肺潛水設備的原名稱。來自aqua- + lung。


VOA

vertex operator algebra (“頂點算子代數”)之首字母縮略詞。


global positioning system

全球定位系統；任何使行動接收器能夠根據從衛星接收的訊號確定其精確位置的系統，例如美國軍方的衛星、俄羅斯格洛納斯系統或擬議的歐洲伽利略替代系統。


cryptosystem

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

简体: 密码系统，密码体制[信息科技]

正體: 密碼系統[計算機]

正體: 密碼系統[電子計算機]


spark arrester

Although certain overseas railways make fairly extensive use of spark arresters (apart from wood-burning locomotives) they are rare in this country, for, as Sir Nigel Gresley once remarked, the best way to avoid spark throwing is to make sure the engine is master of its job; [...].

1941 September, “The Why and the Wherefore: Fires in Trains”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 432 頁:


CT

Central Time (“美國中部時間”)之首字母縮略詞。

Coffin Texts (“棺椁文”)之首字母縮略詞。


CT

computed tomography (“計算機斷層”)之首字母縮略詞。
計算機斷層掃描

cold turkey (“突然戒毒”)之首字母縮略詞。

camel toe (“駱駝趾”)之首字母縮略詞。


merchant ship

Old pirates, yes, they rob I
Sold I to the merchant ships
Minutes after they took I
From the bottomless pit.


tarpaulin

/ˈtɑːɹpəlɪn/


upper deck

在（馬桶）水箱上進行上層惡作劇

HOW DO I KNOW YOU'RE REALLY YOU AND NOT ANOTHER VOICE?
YOU UPPER-DECKED THE TOILET BACK IN THE AVENGERS MANSION.
I FEEL BAD ABOUT THAT, BUT I WAS MAD AT LOGAN.

2014, Gerry Duggan, Brian Posehn, Deadpool Vol. 4: Deadpool vs S.H.I.E.L.D.

I was angry at Cletus, then remembered the time in college when Sal and I picked the lock of Cletoid's bathroom door and took turns upper-decking his toilet. I smiled.

2017, Jonathan LaPoma, Understanding the Alacrán


weather ship

另一艘船的迎風方向，被認為是海戰優勢位置

If the weather ship be of inferior force, it enables her to keep out of action much longer, and, though a poorer sailer, she may do so until the intervention of night increases the chances of escape.

1832, Francis Lieber 編, A Popular Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature, History, Politics and Biography, 第 9 卷, Philadelphia: Carey and Lea，第 178 頁:


CB

competition best / championship best (“賽會最佳成績”)之首字母縮略詞。

centre-back (“中後衛”)之首字母縮略詞。

center back (“後中線”)之首字母縮略詞。

Cajal body (“卡哈尔体”)之首字母縮略詞。


CB

‘Twenty days C.B.,’ said one. ‘Twenty years, more likely,’ said another.

1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 133:

chemical and biological (“化學及生物的”)之首字母縮略詞。


CB

Cape Breton (“布雷頓角”)之首字母縮略詞。


marine corrosion

[航海科技]海洋腐蚀；海水侵蝕


marine environment

[航海科技][環境]海洋环境，包括河口、沿海、沿岸地區以及公海深海地區等的海洋環境。


marine environmental protection

[环境][航海科技]海洋环境保护


freeboard deck

Figure 60 shows the downflooding angles for the downflooding points described above, plus the angle at which the edge of the freeboard deck would have been immersed (about 15°).

2017年December12日, National Transportation Safety Board, “1.12.10 Postaccident Analysis of Stability, Structures, and Sinking”, 出自 Marine Accident Report: Sinking of US Cargo Vessel SS El Faro, Atlantic Ocean, Northeast of Acklins and Crooked Island, Bahamas, October 1, 2015，於2022-11-24歸檔自原頁面，第 156 頁:


swash plate

The majority of helicopters achieve this using a swash plate or stationary star.

1994, S. Newman, Foundations of Helicopter Flight，第 82 頁:

This type of pump uses a swash plate to cause the pistons to move in and out.

2013, Michael E. Brumbach, Jeffrey A. Clade, Industrial Maintenance，第 211 頁:


skylight

熔岩管上部的一個洞，可以看到裡面的岩漿

可讓潛水艇浮出水面的薄冰平坦區域


device driver

The identity of the device driver process is returned by the process manager to the file manager[…]

1978, Dennis M. Ritchie, Unix Time-Sharing System，第 2064 頁:


stationary engine

To get the best conditions for locomotives he proposed to make a continuous grade of 1 in 30 on the straight between Erkrath and Hochdahl, 2.78 km. (1¾ miles) and employ a stationary engine there. [...] The stationary engine was duly installed, at considerable cost, but not used for long.

1942 March, “Notes and News: Main-Line Cable Haulage in Germany”, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 88 頁:

The Cromford & High Peak was one of Britain's oldest railways, giving access to the stone quarries of the Peak District. It was very much 'of its time'. Stationary engines hauled wagons up and down inclines, and trains on the more level bits in between were pulled by horses.

2023年January11日, Richard Foster, “British Rail's weirdest railways...: Cromford & High Peak”, 出自 RAIL, 第 974 期，第 48 頁:


Galaxy

See yonder, lo, the Galaxyë / Which men clepeth the Milky Wey, / For hit is whyt.

1380, Geoffrey Chaucer, The House of Fame:

So may thy cheekes red outweare scarlet dye, / And their white, whitenesse of the Galaxie […]


depth charge

The trailblazing Oaxacan chef Alejandro Ruiz […] has spiked this black-bean sauce with a hidden depth charge of flavor: patches of foliage from a local avocado tree. The leaves electrify the sauce with an unexpected thrum of black licorice.

2014年October25日, Jeff Gordinier, “In search of the perfect taco”, 出自 T: The New York Times Style Magazine (international edition)，第 100 頁:

bomb shot (“一種調製飲料”)之同義詞


depth charge

depth charges
depth charging
depth charged

用深水炸彈攻擊目標（通常是潛水艇）

After the freighter was torpedoed, its escorting destroyers depth charged the submarine for two hours, but failed to sink it.

貨輪被魚雷擊中後，護航該船的驅逐艦對潛艇實施了兩個小時的深水炸彈攻擊，但沒能將其擊沉。


IHO

International Hydrographic Organization (“國際海道測量組織”)之首字母縮略詞。


Inside Passage

美國阿拉斯加州東南部群島間的航道

加拿大不列顛哥倫比亞省大陸海岸與各島嶼之間的海峽


DFM

design for manufacture/manufacturing (“可製造性設計”)之首字母縮略詞。


metacentric height

The distance from a ship's center of gravity (G) to its metacenter is known as the metacentric height (GM). GM is a measure of the vessel's ability to right itself when experiencing an overturning moment. For the same vessel, a higher GM value indicates a greater initial static stability.

2017年December12日, National Transportation Safety Board, “1.12 Stability Information - 1.12.1 Concepts”, 出自 Marine Accident Report: Sinking of US Cargo Vessel SS El Faro, Atlantic Ocean, Northeast of Acklins and Crooked Island, Bahamas, October 1, 2015，於2022-05-15歸檔自原頁面，第 132 頁:


pump room

[E]ven the German visitors at the baths honored me by drinking my health in the pump-room.

1847, Hans Christian Andersen, 章號 7, 出自 Mary Howitt（譯者）, The True Story of My Life:

In the 18th and early 19th centuries, the beautiful people came here for the season, taking the waters, meeting for tea in the Pump Room and for balls in the Assembly Rooms.

2003年August10日, Jacqueline Friedrich, “Choice Tables: Sophisticated Repasts in Bath”, 出自 New York Times, retrieved 2012-10-09:


percentage error

[氣象]百分误差；誤差率


Domain Name System

The purpose of this document is to explain the installation and upkeep of the BIND software package, and we begin by reviewing the fundamentals of the Domain Name System (DNS) as they relate to BIND. ... The Domain Name System (DNS) is the hierarchical, distributed database. It stores information for mapping Internet host names to IP addresses and vice versa, mail routing information, and other data used by Internet applications.

BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual (9.3.2), Internet Systems Consortium, Inc., https://web.archive.org/web/20060619063455/http://www.bind9.net/manual/bind/9.3.2/Bv9ARM.ch01.html


bear down

bears down
bearing down
bore down
borne down

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见bear、down。

把（某人）推倒在地；擊敗，克服（自14世紀）

在辯論中維持自己的立場反對（16–17世紀）

It's 9:41, 58 degrees, and I'm flunking out. Time to bear down.

现在是9:41，气温58度，我快要挂科了。该努力了。

When Furyk spots another Arizona alum on Tour, one of them will utter the official U of A exhortation, which dates to the 1920s, when on his deathbed the school's quarter-back urged the football team to "bear down." Few on Tour bear down like Furyk. He has his plan and sticks to it.

2003 October, Cameron Morfit, “A Furious Focus; Call his swing whatever you want--Jim Furyk's approach to life and golf is anything but loopy”, 出自 Golf Magazine, 第 45 卷, 第 10 期，第 106 頁:

Will CAFTA pass? The White House is starting to bear down, making the argument that CAFTA is not only a good deal economically, but vital for the political development and security of the region.

2005年May12日, Sue Kirchhoff, “Central American Free Trade Agreement faces obstacles”, 出自 USA Today:

You can't really run faster or farther over the long haul simply by bearing down harder. You have to raise the level of your effort, then relax, and trust that preparation.

2009 January, James Applewhite, “Write a poem in THREE PHASES.”, 出自 Writer, 第 122 卷, 第 1 期，第 22–23 頁s:

Huth headed wide inside two minutes, Andy Wilkinson blasted over from Shotton's cut-back and Jones was squeezed out when bearing down on goal.

开场不到两分钟，胡特头球攻门偏出，安迪·威尔金森接肖顿回传射门高出，琼斯冲向球门时被挤开。

2011年November3日, David Ornstein, “Macc Tel-Aviv 1 - 2 Stoke”, 出自 BBC Sport:

對腹部施加向下的壓力，如分娩、排便及類似的身體動作。


Poincare wave

[大气]庞加莱波；彭卡瑞波


oily water

[航海科技]（含）油污水


tug

繼承自中古英語 tuggen、toggen，繼承自古英語 togian (“拖，拉”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *togōn，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *tugōną (“拖，拉扯，撕裂”)，源自原始印歐語 *dewk- (“拉”)。
同源詞包括中古低地德語 togen (“拉”)、中古高地德語 zogen (“拉，撕”)、冰島語 toga (“拉”)。與 tow 有關。

The police officers tugged the drunkard out of the pub.

He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.

他失去了耐心，试图解开鞋带，但拉扯却使鞋带结得更紧。


EFTS

Elementary Flying Training School (“初級飛行訓練學校”)之首字母縮略詞。


file allocation table

[…] , although their access involves traversing the indirection in the file allocation table.

2006, Dhananjay M. Dhamdhere, Operating Systems: A Concept-based Approach, 2ⁿᵈ edition, Tata McGraw-Hill, page 346:

The file allocation table needs just a single entry for each file, […]

2008, A. A. Puntambekar, I. A. Dhotre, Systems Programming, 3ʳᵈ revised edition, Technical Publications Pune, page 13:20:

For the file allocation table type of file systems, an entire file system allocation table is large and requires many disk sectors to store, […]

2008, Bruce Jacob, Spencer W. Ng, David T. Wang, Memory Systems: Cache, DRAM, Disk, Morgan Kaufmann, page 691:


telson

借自古希臘語 τέλσον (télson, “岬角”)。

Although Crangonya evidently comes very close to Niphargus, it appears to be a good genus, and to differ constantly from Niphargus in the more robust body and in the telson, which is always entire and never cleft as in Niphargus.

1894, Charles Chilton, “The Subterranean Crustacea of New Zealand”, 出自 Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, 2nd Series, Volume VI: Zoology, Linnean Society of London，第 219 頁:

The basic number of segments in the abdomen is eleven plus the postsegmental telson which bears the anus, although Matsuda (1976) regards the telson as a twelfth segment.

1998, R. F. Chapman, The Insects: Structure and Function, 4th版, Cambridge University Press，第 259 頁:

The two documented examples of telson abnormalities are on juvenile moults (Fig. 2a, b).

2022, Russell D. C. Bicknell et al., “Applying Records of Extant and Extinct Horseshoe Crab Abnormalities to Xiphosurid Conservation”, 出自 International Horseshoe Crab Conservation and Research Efforts: 2007-2020, Springer，第 88 頁:


DFA

designated for assignment (“指定派遣”)之首字母縮略詞。


CL

light cruiser (“輕巡洋艦”)之首字母縮略詞。

closer (“终结者”)之縮寫。


CL

Catalonia (“加泰羅尼亞，加泰隆尼亞”)之縮寫。


EDI

electronic data interchange (“电子数据交换”)之首字母縮略詞。

equity/equality, diversity, and inclusion (“公平性、多樣性，以及包容性”)之首字母縮略詞。


steam chest

One small tooth increase in regulator opening makes a minute increase in steam chest pressure reading and one can feel the clearly perceptible increase in the power output beneath one's feet.

1961 March, 'Balmore', “Driving and firing modern French steam locomotives”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，第 150 頁:


secondary pollutant

[大气]二级污染物；次生污染物


singular point

[大气]奇异点；特異點；獨點


nonparallel

不平行的（没有比较级形式）


information retrieval

[信息科技][自由軟體]信息检索，資訊檢索


HDL

hardware description language (“硬體描述語言”)之首字母縮略詞。


CC

carbon copy (“複寫本”)之首字母縮略詞。

cricket club (“板球俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。

cycling club (“騎行俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。

Circuit Court (“巡迴法院”)之首字母縮略詞。

credit card (“信用卡”)之首字母縮略詞。

Change to larger needles and knit 1 rnd in CC, inc 3 (4, 5) sts evenly […]

2011, Barb Brown, Knitting Knee-Highs: Sock Styles from Classic to Contemporary (page 55)

closed caption (“隱藏式字幕”)之首字母縮略詞。

City College (“城市大學”)之首字母縮略詞。

cruiser (“巡洋艦”)之縮寫。

At the helm of Company Eleven was Chief Quartermaster Pritchard. Officially he was known as the Company Commander (CC) and had been assigned to Camp Moffett for the purpose of being our CC. […] Successful CC's often had their detractors in the form ofjealous and less successful CC's.

2013, David Banagis, Twenty-Three Days at Sea: A Sailor's Story, Bloomington, IN: Abbott Press, →ISBN，第 9 頁:


CC

cement-coated (“鍍有水泥的”)之首字母縮略詞。


tower

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

正體: 塔（式的電腦機型）[電子計算機]


DPS

Delivery Point Sequence (“交貨點序列”)之首字母縮略詞。 （美國郵政署使用的自動字母分類系統）

damage per second (“每秒傷害”)之首字母縮略詞 （你的戰鬥狀態造成的每秒傷害）

主要角色是造成最大傷害的玩家或單位

disintegration per second (“每秒鐘衰變數”)之首字母縮略詞。

designated premises supervisor (“指定處所主管”)之首字母縮略詞。


DPS

Department of Public Safety (“公共安全部門”)之首字母縮略詞。

Division for Planetary Sciences (“行星科學劃分”)之首字母縮略詞。


Kuroshio

借自日語 黒潮 (Kuroshio, “黑潮”)的羅馬字轉寫。


sewage treatment plant

[航海科技]污水处理设备；污水处理厂


IETF

Internet Engineering Task Force (“互联网工程任务组”)之首字母縮略詞。


tiller

In France, Europe's most fertile and cultivated land, the tillers of it suffered more and more hunger.

2000, Alasdair Gray, The Book of Prefaces, Bloomsbury, 出版於 2002，第 63 頁:


tiller

繼承自中古英語 telȝre、telgra，繼承自古英語 telgor、telgra、telgre (“幼枝；嫩芽”)（參見 telga、telge；亦參見英語 tillow)），繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *telguʀ，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *telguz (“枝條”)，源自原始印歐語 *delgʰ- (“分隔；切割；雕刻”)。同源詞包括薩特弗里斯蘭語 Tälge (“树苗”)、荷蘭語 telg (“后代、接穗、分枝、嫩枝”)、下薩克森荷蘭語 telge (“小枝、树枝”)、德語 Zelge (“树枝”)、瑞典語 telning (“树枝、接穗、树苗”)、冰島語 tág (“柳枝”)。

从植物的根部或原茎底部长出的嫩枝


tiller

从根部或原茎底部周围长出新芽


tiller

繼承自中古英語 teler，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 telier (“用于编织的横梁”)，源自中世紀拉丁語 telarium，源自拉丁語 tēla (“網”)。


garbage collector

GC

在演算、程序、執行緒中進行垃圾收集的工作：回收不再使用的資源。

在演算、程序、執行緒中進行垃圾收集的工作：回收不再使用的資源。

Java uses a technique known as garbage collection to remove objects that are no longer needed. The garbage collector is Java's grim reaper.

2002, Patrick Niemeyer, Jonathan Knudsen, Learning Java, O'Reilly, →ISBN，第 135 頁:


machine translation

:machine translation
#机器翻译
* 简体: 机器翻译[信息科技]
* 正體: 機器翻譯[計算機]


magnetic ink character recognition

磁墨水字符识别；磁墨字元辨識，磁墨字符識別


JCL

Junior Classical League (“全国青少年古典文学联盟”)之首字母縮略詞。


information hiding

資訊隱藏技術，使資訊從對象外部看不到。 （將電腦程式中最有可能發生變化的部分與其他部分隔離開，從而讓程式的其他部分在該部分發生變化時不用被大量修改。）


ISP

Internet service provider (“互聯網服務供應商”)之首字母縮略詞。

interface segregation principle (“介面隔離原則”)之首字母縮略詞。


garden path sentence

來自俗語lead someone up (or down) the garden path，因為讀者對該句子形成了一種解釋，這種解釋直到接近句子結尾時才是合理的，這時讀者意識到他們的解釋不可能是正確的（他們被帶入了一條花園小路），他們必須嘗試另一種解釋。

/ˈɡɑː(ɹ)dən pɑːθ ˈsɛntəns/

/ˈɡɑːɹdən pæθ ˈsɛntəns/

Whether a particular construction causes a garden-path effect depends on the specific grammar of the language. For example, the famous example of an English garden-path sentence in (1) ["The horse raced past the barn fell"] would not exist if the past tense form of the verb race were not identical to the reduced relative form, the former of which is the preferred reading for this sentence.

1995, Reiko Mazuka, Kenji Itoh, “Can Japanese Speakers be Led down the Garden Path?”, 出自 Japanese Sentence Processing, Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, →ISBN，第 295–296 頁s:

One of the functions of punctuation is to reduce any ambiguity, and readers are less confused by garden-path sentences that are punctuated than by those that are not[…].

2005, Michael W[illiam] Eysenck, Mark T. Keane, “Language Comprehension”, 出自 Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook, 5th版, Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press, →ISBN，第 362, column 1 頁:

[I]n a garden path sentence, we interpret a sentence in a particular way only to find out near the end that we misinterpreted it. The subjective impression is that of being led down a garden path until discovering at the end that we took the wrong way and have to retrace our steps.

2008, David W. Carroll, “Sentence Comprehension and Memory”, 出自 Psychology of Language, 5th版, Belmont, Calif.: Thomson Wadsworth, →ISBN，第 134 頁:

A garden path sentence contains a temporary ambiguity[…]. It becomes clear that something has gone wrong when the comprehender receives input that is incompatible with the past-tense analysis of the ambiguous form[…]. The parser then must abandon its initial parse and attempt to reanalyze the input.

2013, Montserrat Sanz, Itziar Laka, Michael K. Tanenhaus, “Sentence Comprehension before and after 1970: Topics, Debates, and Techniques”, 出自 Language Down the Garden Path: The Cognitive and Biological Basis for Linguistic Structures (Oxford Studies in Biolinguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN，第 85 頁:


weather forecast

It may be sunny today, but the weather forecast is predicting rain for tomorrow.

今天天晴，但是天氣預報說明天會下雨。


ILS

instrument landing system (“仪表着陆系统”)之首字母縮略詞。

integrated logistic support (“綜合後勤支援”)之首字母縮略詞。

integrated library system (“圖書館自動化系統”)之首字母縮略詞。


OOPL

object-oriented programming language (“物件導向程式設計”)之首字母縮略詞。


LVDS

low voltage differential signaling (“低電壓差分訊號”)之首字母縮略詞。


translucency

半透明；半透明性；半透明度


biogeochemical cycle

生物地質化學循環：化學元素的循環移動，從生物體到物理環境，再回到生物體。如果所指元素是生命必需的微量元素，這個過程就稱之為營養循環。當植物腐敗後與礦物質在腐植質中自然結合，而為未來的植物生長提供養料時，生化地質循環於焉開始。


diss track

diss song

（嘻哈音樂，說唱音樂）對特定群體或個人表示侮辱或冒犯的歌曲

（嘻哈音樂，說唱音樂）對特定群體或個人表示侮辱或冒犯的歌曲


acceptable risk level

可接受風險程度，依相對利益來判定的風險程度，或是可能造成不良影響的最低程度。


multiprotocol

Unlike earlier generation units, new multiprotocol terminals can, under user control, “talk” in any communications protocol.

In a business environment that may require communications between the IBM PC and devices or host computers in a variety of protocols, a multiprotocol communications capability may be advantageous.

1987, Larry E. Jordan, Communications and Networking for the IBM Pc and Compatibles，第 111 頁:

As a result of these efforts, multiprotocol lambda switching (MPLmS) and, more recently, generalized multiprotocol label switching (G-MPLS) have been proposed by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) as the control plane for dynamic provisioning and restoration of lightpaths in optical networks.

2004, Jun Zheng, Optical WDM Networks: Concepts and Design Principles，第 211 頁:


aerobic treatment

好氧處理，將空氣引入污水中，在一定停留時間內產生好氧生化穩定反應。


acid deposition

酸性沉降，一種區域性的空氣污染現象，主要源於工業活動之稀硫酸及稀硝酸等酸性氣體排放，在氣候條件之搭配下，產生如酸雨、或酸雪、酸霧、酸霰、煙氣和乾粉顆粒沉降等現象。


air pollutant

空氣污染物，任何污染源或其組成，包括流入空氣中且在相當高濃度下可能影響人類、動植物或物質之各類物理性、化學性、生物性或放射性元素或物質。


airborne noise

*空傳噪音，指由於大量氣體移動或使用高壓氣體所造成的噪音。


air pollution

空氣污染。因天然或人工燃料的燃燒、工業化學或其它製程、甚或核爆炸等，而在大氣中出現大量氣體、固體或放射性物質。


animal waste

動物廢棄物：直接與動物飼養有關的產業所產生的廢棄物，例如由畜牧業（糞肥、牛奶等）、肉類加工和動物實驗（動物軀體、動物肢體、動物羽毛等）、皮毛獸育種（皮毛、血液等）產生的廢棄物。


anaerobic treatment

厭氧處理，指在無氧條件下進行有機物質的分解。該法可去除許多有機廢棄物的惡臭，以便將處理後的廢棄物作為農地利用。


agricultural waste

農業廢棄物，指農業生產活動所產生無用的液體或固體物質，例如肥料、農藥、農作物殘渣（如果園剪枝）和牲畜糞肥。


building waste

營建廢棄物，因建築物或其他土木工程結構的破壞或改建，所產生的磚瓦及碎石等廢棄物。


biological treatment

生物處理：利用微生物將有機廢棄物分解成水、二氧化碳和簡單無機物，或較簡單的有機物(例如醛類和酸等)的程序。生物處理系統的目的是控制微生物的環境，以增進微生物的生長與活性，並提供方法以維持高濃度微生物與廢棄物的接觸。


undeletion

/ˌʌndɪˈliːʃən/

/ˌʌnˈdɪliːʃən/

取消刪除，恢復先前刪除的內容


chemical pollution

化學污染，由化學物質引起的污染，包括含氯農藥、多氯聯苯，及汞、鉛、鎘、砷等重金屬等。


coastal pollution

海岸污染，指污染物存在、釋出或注入海岸或沿海土地的現象。


environmental consequence

環境影響結果，自然或人為的擾動對構成環境之物理、化學或生物組成的影響結果。


environmental impact

環境衝擊；環境影響，指因某一活動或系列活動所導致或誘發任何可能有益或有害的環境狀態的改變或新環境的建立。


environmental damage

環境損害，對環境造成的危害，如溼地的消失、河流的污染等。


environmental impact assessment

環境影響評估（简称環評），对重大開發或計畫對於環境所造成的暫時性與永久性影響的分析與判斷，此必須同時考慮社會後果和替代計畫。


environmental hazard

環境危害物；環境公害，能夠導致危害生態系統或自然資源的物理或化學物質。


environmental quality

環境品質；環境質量，當環境作用於人類或其他有機體時的整體性或局部性的特性與特徵。環境品質是一般性的名詞，意指各種特徵，諸如空氣和水的純度或污染程度，進入開放空間的噪音，建築物的視覺影響以及這些特徵對身心健康所造成的潛在影響。


environmental pollution

環境污染，人類引入環境中的物質或能源，其有可能毒害人體健康、危及生命資源及生態系統，損害環境結構或舒適性，或干擾環境之正當合理利用。


environmental management

環境管理，指針對環境保育、合理及永續性的自然資源分配和使用、社會和環境之間互動的最佳化，以及現在和未來世代的人類福祉的改善，所進行之方法與控制。


abiotic environment

[環境]非生物環境，指環境中無生命的組成成分(岩石、礦物、土壤、水與氣候)。


water treatment

水處理，將水淨化使其適合飲用或作為任何其它用途。


industrial waste

工業廢棄物；工业废物；工业废料，由工業操作或製造過程丟棄的廢棄物質，可能是固體、污泥（濕固體）或液體廢棄物，可能具有或不具有有害性。


oil pollution

油污染；石油污染，指石油或其他石油類產品，對任何生態系統所造成的污染，但通常指對淡水或海洋生態系統的污染。


organic carbon

有機碳，指來自於動物或植物的碳成分。


pie chart

餅圖，餅狀圖，饼形图，圓形圖，圓餅圖


pollution load

污染負荷，因人為或自然方式釋入生態系統的物理或化學污染而加諸於生態系統的壓力負荷量。


pollution control

污染控制；污染管制；污染防治，減少大部分污染物排放的化學或物理方法。


truth maintenance system

真實維護系統，真值维护系统


radioactive waste

放射性廢棄物，指放出的輻射超出正常背景水準的任何廢棄物，包括核能工業的有毒副產物。


river pollution

河流污染；河川污染，直接或間接的人為改變河水或河川生態系統之生物、物理、化學或放射線的原始性。


sludge treatment

污泥處理，處理廢水污泥使其成為無害的過程，包括好氧或厭氧消化及隨後的晒乾床乾燥、過濾、及焚化、過濾和乾燥或潮濕空氣氧化。


sewage sludge

污水污泥；下水污泥，由都市污水淨化過程所產生的一種固體濃度超過2500ppm的半液體廢棄物。


surface-active agent

表面活性劑；表面活化劑，一種物質，當少量使用時可改變液體或固體的表面特性。表面活性劑可減小流體的表面張力，或兩種不互溶流體間的界面張力，如油和水。表面活性劑在達成水溶液浸潤和滲透到固體的過程中作用顯著，可以充做清潔劑，乳化劑，或離散劑。


waste management

廢棄物管理，依廢棄物的產生、處置、處理、儲存，並將廢棄物從生產源頭轉移至最終可接受的處置的完整監督。


waste heat

廢熱，指發電廠冷卻過程所產生的熱排放，會引起水體的熱污染，並促進藻類繁殖。


waste treatment

廢棄物處理，指任何改變廢棄物化學、物理或生物組成或特性的處理過程或不同程序之組合；或為任何目的而減少或去除廢棄物本身有害性質或特性的過程。


water analysis

水分析；水質分析，研究水的物理、化學和生物特性。


water pollution

水污染；水质污染，指因人為或人類活動改變水體（尤指表面径流）的化學、物理、生物及放射性的完整狀態。


water hardness

（无机化学）水質硬度；水硬度，溶解於水中鈣鹽和鎂鹽的總量。


water purification

淨水；水淨化處理；水体净化，諸多去除或中和水中不必要雜質的程序。


algal bloom

藻華，藻類與其他水生植物因污染所造成之快速過量的生長。


water reuse

水再生；水再利用，在不同的製造程序中使用廢水或污水處理後之放流水。


water purification plant

淨水廠、水處理廠，將水經由物理和化學程序，使其適合人類使用和其他用途的處理廠。


in line with

词组，固定用法
#与…一致,符合,按照
[例句]
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad insisted that the plant, thought to be under construction near the holy city of Qom, was being built in line with UN regulations.
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad 反驳说工厂建在圣城 Qom 附近，是符合联合国规定的。


UML

Unified Modeling Language (“统一建模语言”)之首字母縮略詞。


von Neumann architecture

同類詞：Harvard architecture


heavy metal

重金屬（比重接近或高於5.0的金屬）


sauerkraut

/ˈsaʊɚˌkɹʌʊt/


SADT

structured analysis and design technique (“結構化分析及設計技術”)之首字母縮略詞。


categorized

:categorized（categorize的过去分词或过去式）
#将…分类
* 正體: 分類[自由軟體]
* 简体: 分类[自由软体]
* 正體: 分類[電子計算機]


diss song

（英式英語、俚語）一首以攻擊或羞辱特定個人或團體的歌曲或嘻哈樂曲，通常是嘻哈爭鬥（hip-hop feud）的一部份。


zero-knowledge proof

Implementation of a zero-knowledge proof significantly improves the privacy and security of many systems. However, it introduces additional costs in processing power and hard drive space.

零知識證明的實施顯著提高了許多系統的隱私和安全性。然而，它也帶來了額外的處理能力和硬碟空間成本。

2020, Lorne Lantz, Daniel Cawrey, Mastering Blockchain, O'Reilly Media, →ISBN，第 185 頁:


co-incineration

混燒（指任一固定污染源燃燒廢棄物再利用燃料）


bopomofo

來自注音首四個字母：ㄅ、ㄆ、ㄇ、ㄈ（ㄅㄆㄇㄈ）；對照ABC。

注音符號在 ISO 和 Unicode 使用的名字


afk

AFK的大小寫替代形式.


HP

HP
====翻译====
翻譯
* 漢語：惠普公司


diss

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-diss.wav

（英式英語，俚語）羞辱（某人），或藉由使用羞辱性的言語或粗暴、輕率的行為讓某人感受不被尊重；通常指一位说唱歌手向其他人发表一首这样的歌曲，如烟囱发布《微软垃圾》，就是烟囱diss微软。两个说唱歌手/团体互相diss称为beef，如CPG化学植物组与东说西唱之间的beef。


diss

一種羞辱或貶低。通常是指一类说唱歌曲。


binary arithmetic

Note that all correctly rounding arithmetics satisfy property A1, as do those with properly truncating addition. All faithful binary arithmetics and all arithmetics with either properly truncating or correctly chopping addition satisfy property A2.

1992, Douglas M. Priest, On Properties of Floating Point Arithmetics, University of California, Berkeley, page 17,


stormwater

Community groups have collected 12,000 signatures demanding that New York City permanently lower the levels of the Cannonsville, Pepacton and Neversink Reservoirs to 80 percent of capacity so that stormwater runoff can have a place to go rather than charging down the river in flash floods.

2007年October2日, Anthony Depalma, “City Agrees to Help Regulate Delaware River by Releasing Water From Reservoirs”, 出自 New York Times:


boot

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。

正體: 開機；啟動[自由軟體]

简体: 启动[自由软体]

正體: 引導；啟動[電子計算機]


brown-paper-bag bug

字面意思是「牛皮紙袋臭蟲」，指製造臭蟲的作者感到尷尬，得在頭上戴著牛皮紙袋才不會被認出來。Linux 2.2於1999年初發布後開始流行，並在林納斯·托瓦茲的道歉貼文中被使用。

令人慚愧的程式／程序錯誤


central processing unit

同類詞：graphics processing unit


DDT

有多種不同的說法；參見英語維基百科條目 DDT (professional wrestling)。

摔角的一種動作，先在正面將站立著的對方手臂扭到背後，然後向後摔，讓對方的頭撞到地板上


brb

BRB的大小寫替代形式。


brb

BRB的大小寫替代形式。


VRAM

video random access memory (“視訊隨機存取記憶體”)之首字母縮略詞。

video memory (“視訊記憶體，顯示存儲器”)之首字母縮略詞。

Video RAM (“影像隨機接達記憶器”)之首字母縮略詞。

Using the hardware blitter to move bitmaps from VRAM to VRAM is much faster than moving them from system memory to VRAM.

2002, André LaMothe, Tricks of the Windows Game Programming Gurus，第 315 頁:


RFC

Rangers Football Club (“流浪者足球俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。


RFC

rugby football club (“拉格比足球俱樂部”)之首字母縮略詞。


File Transfer Protocol

檔案傳輸協定／文件傳輸協議


personal digital assistant

個人數碼助理，個人數位助理

The device, about the size of a fat paperback book, represents the most ambitious attempt yet by computer and communications companies to pool their resources in hopes of finally creating a market for what the industry calls "personal digital assistants."

[1994年September28日, Lawrence M. Fisher, “Personal Digital Assistant, Part III”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:

Already, Sharp owns at least 60 percent of the market for personal digital assistants, or P.D.A.'s, with its Wizard line, ranking far ahead of Hewlett-Packard, Casio, Apple Computer and other competitors past and present.

1994年December18日, Laurie Flynn, “Sharp Unveils a New Breed of Personal Digital Assistant”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:


CISC

Complex Instruction Set Computer (“複雜指令集電腦”)之首字母縮略詞。


case sensitive

more case sensitive (comparative)
most case sensitive (superlative)

大小寫相關的，區分大小寫字母的


CIFS

Common Internet File System (“網路檔案分享系統”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：SMB


ACG

anime、comic、game (“日本动画、漫画与游戏”)之首字母縮略詞：围绕日本动画、漫画和日本电子游戏的中华亚文化。

angle closure glaucoma (“闭角型青光眼”)之首字母縮略詞。


log off

log out (“登出”)之同義詞。

退出任何線上或面對面的談話；告別


r-value

R值：用來衡量阻隔熱度的一個數值


bulletin board system

As companies increase their use of microcomputer-based bulletin board systems, microcomputer managers are finding themselves saddled with the responsibility of being system operators for the boards.

1986年April21日, Melissa Calvo, “Managers Say Bulletin Boards Part of Job”, 出自 InfoWorld, 第 8 卷, 第 16 期, →ISSN，第 18 頁:

Hackers and hacker clubs primarily communicate by means of bulletin board systems. It is estimated that there are about 1,300 underground bulletin boards in the U.S.

2001, Sanjiv Purba, Architectures for E-Business Systems, CRC Press, →ISBN，第 702 頁:


security service

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见security、service；安全服務


CCW

carrying a concealed weapon (“攜帶暗器”)之首字母縮略詞。


hotspot

hot spot (“熱點”)的另一種寫法


see also

A see also reference from a main heading is set as a subheading; a see also reference from a subheading is set as a sub-subheading.

1998, Merriam-Webster's Manual for Writers and Editors, p. 256:


Shellsort

Shell + sort，以Douglas Shell命名，他於1959年推出了這種算法的初版。


RISC

Reduced Instruction Set Computer (“精简指令集计算机”) 之首字母縮略詞。


run-time

a run-time error


Bluetooth

來自blue + tooth，仿譯自古諾爾斯語 Blátǫnn (現代丹麥語 Blåtand)。


Bluetooth

The widespread use of mobile phones which support free Bluetoothing has enabled promotional videos to be distributed virally between handsets.

2009, Seema Gupta, Branding and Advertising，第 303 頁:

Everyone's bluetoothing each other the latest ring tones and pictures. Telling the most crazy stories ever.

2010, Katie Taylor, Confessions of a Teenager: The Diaries of Three Troubled Teens，第 92 頁:


rubberband

Once the hair is sewn onto the foundation, use the proper styling aids to blend all natural hair that is not in rubberbands into the commercial hair, if necessary.

1998, Natural Hair Care and Braiding ISBN 1562533169, page 114:

Provide each child, or pair of children, with a shoebox (shoebox lid is not needed) and different sizes and thicknesses of rubberbands. The children are to stretch several different sizes of rubberbands around the entire shoebox's girth.

1999, Jennifer Overend Prior, Janet A. Hale, Bats ISBN 1576903761, page 39:

Braiding with rubberbands is quicker than sewing in yarn or thread but it is not acceptable for high-level competition, and it will break off hairs and damage the mane.

2008, Susan E. Harris, Grooming To Win, →ISBN，第 203 頁:


rubberband

Rubberband them together.

2001, Braiding: Easy Styles for Everyone ISBN 0766837645, page 71:

Long red-gray hair in a rubberbanded ponytail, […]

2013, Phil Rickman, The Fabric of Sin ISBN 1623652839:

Editors are very set in their ways of whether they prefer doing level changes within a clip by rubberbanding or by breaking the clip into pieces and adjusting the levels of each piece.

2014, Steve Hullfish, Avid Uncut ISBN 1134070632:


filters

filter 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


internet service provider

A part of the nervousness at Chelsea involves whether any more sponsors will follow the telecommunications and internet service provider Three in withdrawing support, at least temporarily.

March 11 2022, David Hytner, “Chelsea are in crisis but there is no will to leave club on their knees”, 出自 The Guardian:


手機通訊技術規格的過渡階段，下一代標準為2.75G。

GPRS

手機通訊技術規格的過渡階段，下一代標準為2.75G。

HSCSD

手機通訊技術規格的過渡階段，下一代標準為2.75G。

手機通訊技術規格的過渡階段，下一代標準為2.75G。


time-critical

more time-critical (comparative)
most time-critical (superlative)


tile

正體: 圖塊[自由軟體]

简体: 图块[自由软体]

正體: 地磚[電子計算機]


tile

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


SSPI

Security Support Provider Interface (“安全支援提供者介面”)之首字母縮略詞。


accountability

正體: 可歸責性[電子計算機]


activating

activate 的現在時分詞和動名詞


8514/A的另一種寫法


activates

activate 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


more 3-dimensional (comparative)
most 3-dimensional (superlative)


chroot

來自Unix系統操作的名字，「change root」的簡寫。

作用於正在執行的行程和它的子行程，改變它外顯的根目錄


ATDM

異步時分多工（asynchronous time division multiplexing）

非同步型分時多工器（asynchronous time division multiplexer）


第二代行動通訊技術，下一代標準為2.5G。包括GSM、DMA、TDMA、iDEN、PDC。


atomicity

[化学] 原子数；原子价


tumen

toman (“(歷史) 蒙古軍隊的一個師”)的另一種寫法

The largest unit was the tumen, equivalent to a division: 10,000 men in principle (and sometimes less). An army was made up of two to four tumen, each composed of ten times a thousand men (the equivalent of a regiment), and each regiment of ten times a hundred men (the equivalent of a squadron), ten times ten men.

2004, Gerard Chaliand, Nomadic Empires: From Mongolia to the Danube，第 65 頁:


astrophotography

天文攝影 / 天體攝影術


AOB

Away on break (“休息時離開”)之首字母縮略詞。


allocate

正體: 配置；指定；分配[電子計算機]


acyclic digraph

In the study of the competition graph of an acyclic digraph, there are two fundamental questions which were proposed by Roberts in 1978: One is to characterize the acyclic digraphs that have interval competition graphs and the other is to characterize the graphs which are competition graphs of acyclic digraphs.

1993, Suh-Ryung-Kim, The Competition Number and Its Variants, J. Gimbel, J.W. Kennedy, L.V. Quintas (editors), Quo Vadis, Graph Theory?: A Source Book for Challenges and Directions, Elsevier (North-Holland), page 313,

Determining whether a graph has a hamiltonian path or circuit is NP-complete [3]. The problem remains NP-complete for cubic planar graphs [3], for maximal planar graphs [9], and for planar digraphs [3]. It can be trivially solved in polynomial time for planar acyclic digraphs.

2009, Tamara Mchedlidze, Antonios Symvonis, Crossing-Optimal Acyclic HP-Completion for Outerplanar st-Digraphs, Hung Q. Ngo (editor), Computing and Combinatorics: 15th Annual International Conference, Proceedings, Springer, LNCS 5609, page 76,

Acyclic digraphs form a well-studied family of digraphs of great interest in graph theory, algorithms and applications.

2018, Gregory Gutin, 3. Acyclic Digraphs, Jørgen Bang-Jensen, Gregory Gutin, Classes of Directed Graphs, Springer, page 125,


AI-complete

人工智能完全/完善（strong AI）。

Problems like solving crosswords from clues are reputed as AI-complete [7]. This enormous complexity is due to its semantics and the large amount of encyclopaedic knowledge required.

2006, M.Gori, M.Ernandes, G.Angelini, "Cracking Crosswords: The Computer Challenge", Reasoning, Action and Interaction in AI Theories and Systems: Essays Dedicated to Luigia Carlucci Aiello, edited by Oliviero Stock, Marco Schaerf, Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 9783540379010, page 266

Just as concept kernels are not AI-complete, sequiturs and resonances are not AI-complete. Sequiturs and resonances also may not need to be human- equivalent to minimally support deliberation; it is acceptable for an early AI to miss out on many humanly obvious thoughts, so long as those thoughts which are successfully generated sum to fully general deliberation.

2007, Ben Goertzel, Cassio Pennachin, Artificial General Intelligence, Springer Science & Business Media ISBN 9783540686774, page 452

... Now imagine a remote descendant of such a system that has acquired the ability to read with as much understanding as a human ten-year-old but with a reading speed similar to that of TextRunner. (This is probably an AI-complete problem.)

2014, Nick Bostrom, Superintelligence: Paths, Dangers, Strategies, Oxford University Press ISBN 9780199678112, page 71


ASPI

Advanced SCSI Peripheral Interface (“高階 SCSI 週邊介面”)之首字母縮略詞。


AOS

amorphous oxide semiconductor (“非晶氧化物半导体”)之首字母縮略詞。


air traffic

空中交通，指航空器在飛行軌道或航空站跑道的移動


templates

template 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


AFAIK

as far as I know之首字母縮略詞：就我所知


association list

結合串列 [電子計算機]


CML

[電子計算機]CML 查詢語言


CML

[信息科技]电流型逻辑/電流模邏輯（current mode logic之缩写）


addresses

address 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


SGML

Standard Generalized Markup Language (“標準通用標記式語言”)之首字母縮略詞。

[…] a navigator pane can be established using either markup from the stylesheet or the hierarchical SGML file structure.

2012, Peter Flynn, Understanding SGML and XML Tools:


ARS

acute radiation syndrome (“急性放射病”)之首字母縮略詞。

acute retroviral syndrome (“急性逆转录病毒综合征”)之首字母縮略詞。


airbrushed

airbrush 的過去式和過去分詞


airbrushed

more airbrushed (comparative)
most airbrushed (superlative)

經過數字操作，去除了瑕疵的


本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


pull-up

I did lots of push-ups and pull-ups, and my only regret is that I stopped doing them as a young adult when I finally got to work out in health clubs instead of my basement or garage.

2008, Lou Schuler, "Foreward", in Nate Green, Built for Show, page xii


pull-up

With a sleek yet muscular build, Nick out pullupped everyone during physical fitness week

2012, The Young Despondents. Jason M. Burns.

From there, things were easy—well, relatively easy. I stood on the rail, reached up, grasped the floor of the balcony above, fingertip pull-upped onto the lip, found another four inches of finger purchase, raised myself high enough […]

2010, Designation Gold Rogue Warrior. Richard Marcinko


CPM

乘法交換律（commutative principle for multiplication）


I started creating 8-bit music around 2002 when I picked up nanoloop […]

2007, Nick Collins, Julio d'Escriván, The Cambridge companion to electronic music (page 189)

來自或類似8位元電腦時代藝術或音樂的

Typically far more complex than the songs of the 8-bit games, songs in Amiga games had a highly varied structure, but usually followed the same basic principles seen in the 8-bit games (shorter loops with fewer distinct sections for battle music, and longer loops with more distinct sections for in-game music).

2008年January1日, Karen Collins, Game Sound: An Introduction to the History, Theory, and Practice of Video Game Music and Sound Design, MIT Press, →ISBN:

Much of La-Mulanas 8-bit' aesthetic is tied to its self-imposed graphical limitations. To start, the native resolution of 256 × 192 pixels is (as we would expect) much less than that of contemporary standards[…]

2008年November12日, Brett Camper, “Retro Reflexivity: La-Mulana”, 出自 Bernard Perron, Mark J.P. Wolf 編, The Video Game Theory Reader 2, Routledge, →ISBN:


ACU

accessory commercial unit (“配套商業單位”)之首字母縮略詞。


log out

Please don't forget to log out after you finish your work.

完成工作後，請不要忘記登出。


SOAP

Simple Object Access Protocol (“簡單物件存取協定”) 之首字母縮略詞。


SOAP

subjective, objective, assessment, and plan (“主訴、客觀數據/資料、用藥評析與規劃”) 之首字母縮略詞。


ASU

Arizona State University (“亞利桑那州立大學”)之首字母縮略詞。

Appalachian State University (“阿巴拉契亞州立大學”)之首字母縮略詞。


all-clear

表示障礙或危險完全清除的信號。