latus

源自 拉丁語 latus (“side”)，源自 原始意大利語 *tlātos，源自 原始印歐語 *tl̥h₂tós，源自 *telh₂-。


nebula

借自拉丁語 nebula (“小雲，薄霧”)。與古希臘語 νεφέλη (nephélē，“雲”)、德語 Nebel (“薄霧，星雲”)、古諾爾斯語 nifl、波蘭語 niebo (“天空”)、俄語 не́бо (nébo，“天空”)同族。

nebulae (plural)
nebulas (plural)
nebulæ (plural)


facies

借自拉丁語 faciēs (“形式，構造，形象；面孔，面容，容貌”)。face 的同源對似詞。

costive facies


surgery

來自中古英語 surgerie，來自古法語 surgerie，來自拉丁語 chirurgia，來自古希臘語 χειρουργία (kheirourgía)，來自χείρ (kheír，“手”) + ἔργον (érgon，“工作”)。chirurgy 的同源對似詞。

Surgery is often necessary to prevent cancer from spreading.

为防止癌症扩散，手术通常是必需的。


conservative

借自中古法語 conservatif，來自拉丁語 cōnservō (“儲存”)。等同conserve + -ative。

more conservative (comparative)
most conservative (superlative)

Operative treatment should be reserved for those patients in whom conservative treatment has failed and who are motivated with regard to sports.

2000，G. Puddu et al.，“Achilles Tendon Injuries”, in The Encyclopaedia of Sports Medicine, →ISBN，頁 200:


prescription

/pɹəˈskɹɪpʃən/


materia medica

來自拉丁語 materia (“材料”) + medica，來自medicus (“醫學的”)


immunology

Obviously, licentiates to practice medicine should receive instruction of a definite and practical nature in this important branch of modern medicine, or immunology should receive a place in the classification of specialties, a fact which the importance of the subject may command.

1915，Benjamin Abraham Thomas，Applied Immunology:


nyctalopia

nyctalopias (plural)
nyctalopiae (plural)


senile

1660年代借自法語 sénile，來自中古法語 senile，來自古法語 senile，來自拉丁語 senīlis (“屬於或與老年有關的”)，來自senex (“老人”)，源自原始印歐語 *sénos (“老的”)。

Seniles differ markedly in their early adult intelligence level, and in their social, vocational, and educational histories.

1979，Oscar J. Kaplan，Psychopathology of Aging，頁 54:


coccyx

拉丁語 coccyx，源自古希臘語 κόκκυξ (kókkux，“布穀鳥”)，因從側面看起來像布穀鳥彎曲的嘴喙而得名。

He lands on the concrete path and bounces on his coccyx, which cracks the base of his spine.

2018，Richard Powers，The Overstory，Vintage (2019)，頁 129:


ice cap

發燒時放在額頭上的冰袋。[自19世纪]

After the use of ice caps for some days it is well to provide cool bathing for the head, at least three times daily.

1903, Canadian Journal of Medicine and Surgery (volume 14, page lii)


accelerator

* 1611年初次使用。
* (機動車)： 1900年首次使用。
* accelerate + -or


clinical

more clinical (comparative)
most clinical (superlative)


contraindication

/ˌkɒntɹəɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/


deliver

來自中古英語 deliveren，來自盎格魯-諾曼語和古法語 delivrer，來自拉丁語 dē + līberō (“使自由”)。


environmentalism

The first is that the present work in no sense represents a relapse toward the old environmentalism which believed it could find the causes of culture in environment.

1939，Alfred L. Kroeber，“Objectives”, in Cultural and Natural Areas of Native North America，出版於 1963，頁 1:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:environmentalism。


hexavalent

六價的（包含6種病毒株的）


hyperthyroidism

/ˌhaɪ̯pəˈθaɪ̯ɹɔɪ̯ˌdɪzəm/


neoplasty

通过肉芽组织形成，粘连性炎症或自体成形术来修复某一部位


opisthotonos

源自拉丁語 opisthotonus 及其來源古希臘語 ὀπισθότονος (opisthótonos)，等同於 opistho- + tonus (“肌肉緊張”)。

角弓反張 （自16世纪）

[T]he Actors struggled & bounced, and sprunted as if in Convulsions; like Patients under the Influence of a Disease called in Jamaica the Opisthotonos or dry Gripes […].

演员们挣扎着、弹跳着，像抽搐一样跳跃着；就像患上了一种在牙买加被称为角弓反张或干性肠病的疾病的患者一样 […] 。


passage

繼承自中古英語，源自古法語 passage，源自 passer (“通過”)。

将病原体或干细胞等物质通过宿主或媒介传递

He passaged the virus through a series of goats.

他将病毒传染给了一系列山羊。

After 24 hours, the culture was passaged to an agar plate.

24小时后，将培养物传代至琼脂平板。


pussy

pussier (comparative)
pussiest (superlative)


roc

西班牙語 rocho、ruc，源自阿拉伯語 رُخّ (ruḵḵ)，源自波斯語 رخ (rox)。


bellyband

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bellyband.wav

穿戴在腹部周围的各种束带


acquire

來自中古英語 acqueren，來自古法語 aquerre，來自拉丁語 acquirō；ad- + quaerō (“在……中搜索”)。參見quest。


bioavailability

生物利用度 食物與營養補充品中所含營養素的吸收程度

poor/low oral bioavailability


depolarization

降低極性的行為或結果： 去極化


stunting

由於長期營養不良造成的發育遲緩。

Hence happens the frequent stuntings, blighting, and destruction of young trees […]

1759, James Justice, The British Gardener's Calendar


adaptogen

借自俄語 адаптоген (adaptogen)，由蘇聯科學家 N.V. Lazarev 命名，等同於adapt + -o- + -gen。


calcular

a calcular deposit


MRI

When the delirium stopped and it was safe to take Versed, her doctors doped her up and she managed to endure the MRI, on condition that I remain with her all the time. They MRIed her skull for thirty minutes, and two days later MRIed her spine for an hour.

2005，Donald Hall，The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon，Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN，頁s 99–100:

Remarkably, no one to that point had suggested MRIing my leg, which is where my pain actually was. Everyone surmised that the issue was really in my back. Dr. Smith scheduled an MRI for that very day.

2014，Mark Herzlich，What It Takes: Fighting For My Life and My Love of the Game，New York, NY: New American Library, →ISBN，頁 74:


suppository

繼承自中古英語 suppositorie，來自盎格魯-諾曼語，來自中世紀拉丁語 suppositorium，來自晚期拉丁語，suppositorius (“放置下面”)的中性，來自拉丁語 supponere (“放置下面”)。

/səˈpɑzɪˌtɔɹi/


nuclear medicine

核醫學（使用放射性同位素進行疾病診斷和治療的醫學分支）


commissurotomy

/ˌkɒmɪʃəˈɹɒtəmi/


anaplerotic

*源自 ana-（“向上”） + 希腊语 πλήρης（“完全、满”）。对比希腊语 αναπληρώ（“补充，补给；替换；代理”）。


CDC

美国疾病控制与预防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 的缩略）。


gamma knife

伽馬刀 （利用伽馬射線代替手術刀進行手術的醫療裝置）


bicornuate

more bicornuate (comparative)
most bicornuate (superlative)


traumatic

來自拉丁語 traumaticus，來自古希臘語 τραυματικός (traumatikós)，來自τραῦμα (traûma)。

more traumatic (comparative)
most traumatic (superlative)

/tɹɔːˈmætɪk/


traumatic

/tɹɔːˈmætɪk/


speculum

源自拉丁語 speculum (“鏡子”)，源自specere (“看見，看著”) + -ulum (“工具名詞後綴”)。


talpa

源自拉丁語 talpa (“鼴鼠”)。taupe 的同源對似詞。


abscessed

more abscessed (comparative)
most abscessed (superlative)

膿腫的、生膿瘡的 （首次記錄於19世紀中期）

The sore was abscessed and filled with pus.


vulnus

But for the veterans in the Pannonian legions, their vulnera were no longer their tokens of honour, but an indication of the severity of service in the army.

1999, Acta classica (volumes 42-43, page 89)


c̄

源自拉丁語 cum 的縮寫。


exclave

器官分離出去的部分，如胰腺、甲狀腺。


antiscorbutic

more antiscorbutic (comparative)
most antiscorbutic (superlative)


macropenis

Russell-Silver syndrome […] is characterised by IUGR, small triangular facies, hemihypertrophy, clinodactyly, occasionally macropenis with or without precocious puberty, and sometimes GH deficiency.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2001, Desai, Meena P., Vijayalakshmi Bhatia & P.S.N. Menon, Pediatric Endocrine Disorders (page 60)

Boys develop a macropenis usually by 2 to 3 years of age and undergo premature sexual development with growth of pubic and axillary hair and appearance of adult body odor[…]
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2002, Ronald G. Davidson, PDQ Medical Genetics (page 88)


stem cell

Stem cells are characterized by their ability to self-renew and to produce numerous differentiated cell types, and are directly responsible for generating and maintaining tissues and organs.

2002, Haifan Lin, "The stem-cell niche theory: Lessons from flies," Nature Reviews: Genetics, vol 3, p. 931,


thalassotherapy

同類詞：halotherapy


therapeutic

源自新拉丁語 therapeuticus (“治療的”)，源自古希臘語 θεραπευτικός (therapeutikós，“幫助的，熱情的，治愈的”)，源自θεραπευτής (therapeutḗs，“侍者”)，源自θεραπεύω (therapeúō，“服侍，服務；治愈”)。

/θɛɹəˈpjuːtɪk/


apoplexy

晚期中古英語詞彙，源自古法語 apoplexie，源自晚期拉丁語 apoplexia，源自古希臘語 ἀποπληξία (apoplēxía，“瘋狂；中風，麻痺，癱瘓”)，源自ἀποπλήσσω (apoplḗssō，“因中風而致殘”) + -ία (-ía，名詞後綴)。參見plague。

因中風而導致的意識或行動能力喪失 內出血


stunted

more stunted (comparative)
most stunted (superlative)


transplant

繼承自中古英語 transplaunten，源自古法語 transplanter，源自晚期拉丁語 transplantare，等價於 trans- + plant。


succus

拉丁語 succus (“果汁，汁液”)。

從植物榨出、供藥用的汁液


tophus

借自拉丁語 tophus (“石頭”)。


brain drain

英國皇家學會的發言人最早在20世紀50年代早期使用這個詞，用來描述科學家、技術專家外流到美國和加拿大的情況。


acidaemia

The development of marked metabolic acidaemia during labour occurs in about 20% of high-risk pregnancies, which is eight times higher than in normal pregnancies.
大约20%的高危妊娠会在分娩过程中出现明显的代谢性酸血症，这一比例是正常妊娠的八倍。

1999, Balen, Broughton Pipkin, Calder, et al, Dewhurst's textbook of obstetrics and gynaecology for postgraduates: Sixth edition, page 274:


antagonized

more antagonized (comparative)
most antagonized (superlative)


suicider

Most often discussion would take place during the planning stages or while the suicider is making his preparations, that is, before suicidal steps have actually been taken. […] A suicide intervener in real life (if he had the nerve) could have a similarly calm discussion with a suicider who had taken an overdose […]

1995，Gavin Fairbairn，Contemplating suicide: the language and ethics of self-harm，頁 172:


aphonia

源自古希臘語 ἀφωνία (aphōnía，“無話”)。


luxation

lens luxation

The fore-arm, in this luxation, is in a state of half-flexion

前臂在这种脱位状态下处于半屈曲状态

1818，Samuel Cooper，A Dictionary of Practical Surgery:

a laterally bowed distal femur might allow medial patellar luxation. As this repeatedly luxates, the medial trochlear ridge may become worn down, thereby increasing the frequency of luxation.

股骨远端横向弯曲可能会导致髌骨内侧脱位。当反复脱位时，内侧滑车脊可能会磨损，从而增加脱位的频率。

2000，Hamish Denny, Steve Butterworth，A Guide to Canine and Feline Orthopaedic Surgery:


pulmonary docimasia

lung float test

用顯微鏡對死嬰的肺部進行醫學檢查，以確認是否有空氣進入其中，從而判斷是否為殺嬰案


Cushing's syndrome

庫興氏症候群（一種內分泌病）


coarctate

借自拉丁語 coarctātus，coarctō (“壓到一起，壓縮，使收縮”) 的完成分詞，源自 co- (“存在或聚集在一起”) + arctō (“拉近或压在一起”)。

more coarctate (comparative)
most coarctate (superlative)

擠在一起的，收縮的，變窄的


stat

借自拉丁語 statim (“立即”)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stat.wav


stat

借自拉丁語 statim (“立即”)。

stat dose


chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (plural)


dermatological

[ˌdɜːmətəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəɫ]


attenuated

more attenuated (comparative)
most attenuated (superlative)

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的 感染力减弱的；不再能自我複製的

attenuated power
衰减功率

She had become spiritualized in mind, even as she had grown attenuated in person.

尽管她本人已经变得虚弱，但她的内心却变得精神化了。

1835，William Gilmore Simms，The Partisan，Harper, Chapter XI，頁 140:

To conclude otherwise requires accepting an attenuated fiction that commingling funds in an account, even if done decades earlier, means the account today still contains funds attributable to the sale of expropriated property.

2025, Sonia Sotomayor (writing for a unanimous Supreme Court of the United States), Opinion of the Court in Republic of Hungary et al. v. Simon et al., № 23—867, 2025-02-21

同類詞：nonlive、killed

近義詞：nonreplicating

the live attenuated type of vaccines