abduction

來自拉丁語 abductiō (“搶劫；綁架”)，來自abdūcō (“帶走”)，來自ab (“離開”) + dūcō (“領導”)。等同於abduct + -ion。
* (解剖學)： 借自法語，來自拉丁語 abductus。
* 對照法語 abduction。

強行把人擄走（自18世紀中期）

the abduction of a child


device

來自中古英語 devys，來自古法語 devis，來自拉丁語 dīvīsus，dīvidō (“分發”)的過去分詞。

全部或部分作為商標或服務標誌使用的圖像


estate

繼承自中古英語 estat，來自盎格魯-諾曼語 estat和古法語 estat（法語：état），來自拉丁語 status。state和status 的同源對似詞。


versus

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-versus.wav

v

用於法庭案件的標題，表示原告控訴被告

v.

用於法庭案件的標題，表示原告控訴被告

用於法庭案件的標題，表示原告控訴被告

Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans.


beg

源自中古英語 beggen，古英語 *becgan、*bedcan、*bedican的同化形，bedecian (“乞求，懇求”)的中略形，可能源自原始日耳曼語 *bedagô (“請求者；乞丐”)，源自*bedą、*bedō (“祈禱；請求”)。與北弗里斯蘭語 bēdagi (“祈禱”)、哥特語 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍅𐌰 (bidagwa，“乞丐”)、古英語 biddan (“要求”)有關。參見bid、bead；也見書面挪威語 be (“乞求，要求”)。

begs (third-person singular present)
begging (present participle)
begged (past participle)

本詞是連接動詞，後接 to + 動詞不定式。

請求被指定為監護人，或請求為某人指定監護人

Else some will beg thee, in the court of wards.


abdication

首次記錄於1552年。派生自中古法語 abdication，派生自拉丁語 abdicātiō (“放棄、廢棄”)，源自abdicō。

放棄財產權益或法律上的要求 （僅記錄於18世紀中期）


safety valve

outlet

發洩情緒的途徑，舒緩情緒的方法

release

發洩情緒的途徑，舒緩情緒的方法

發洩情緒的途徑，舒緩情緒的方法

美國的一條法律，編入美国法典第§3553條，授權法官對很少或沒有犯罪前科的罪犯不適用強制性最低刑罰

Hernández additionally requested that he be given a two-level safety-valve reduction pursuant to U.S.S.G. § 5C1.2, which mitigates the harsh effect of mandatory minimum sentences on certain first-time offenders who played only supporting roles in drug-trafficking schemes and who provided testimony about their involvement in the criminal activity.

2020年June30日，David Jeremiah Barron, Circuit Judge, United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit，“United States v. Hernández-Hernández”, in Federal Reporter […] (No. 19-1123)，卷 964, St. Paul, Minn.: West Publishing Co., →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2023-07-02，頁 100:


feoffer

feofor (alternative)
feoffor (alternative)
feoffers (plural)


indict

來自中古英語 enditen、endyten，來自古法語 enditer，來自晚期拉丁語 indictāre，來自拉丁語 in- + dictāre。indite 的同源對似詞。
不規則的拼寫是由於該詞是從古法語借入中世紀英語的，而不是像dictāre的大多數其他後裔那樣從拉丁語借入。 （可見dight)。在母音大推移的過程中，借用的/iː/常轉變為/aɪ/；而「c」代表的是後來圖形拉丁化的嘗試。

indicts (third-person singular present)
indicting (present participle)
indicted (past participle)

his former manager was indicted for fraud

他的前經紀人因欺詐而被起訴


messenger

源自中古英語 messengere、messingere、messangere，源自古法語 messanger，古法語 messagier（對比現代法語 messager）的變體，等同於message + -er。messager 的同源對似詞。
代替本土的古英語 boda (“信使，使者”) 和 ǣrendraca (“信使，特使”)。
至於 -ager 被 -enger、-inger、-anger代替的現象，對比passenger、harbinger、scavenger、porringer。這樣做可能只添加了一個 n，或可能是與其他後綴，如中古英語 -ing的混淆。對比古法語 -ange、-enc、-inge、-inghe (對應英語的 -ing) 與 古法語 -age (對應英語的 -age) 的關係。

根據破產或清償相關法律，執行部分職責（如破產者財產）的人

The Messenger under the joint Commission of Bankruptcy might have seized the Whole, if they had remained in their Warehouse

James Burrow，Reports of Cases Adjudged in the Court of King's Bench:


registrar

源自中世紀拉丁語 registrārius，源自 registrum (“登記”) + -ārius (“施事名詞後綴”)。更多請見 register。

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪsˌtɹɑɹ/

登記員 司法法庭的首席執行官，負責該部門的整個登記工作


repossess

repossesses (third-person singular present)
repossessing (present participle)
repossessed (past participle)


allow

自中世紀拉丁語 allocō (“分配”)，與 alouer 合併為中世紀拉丁語 allaudō，其現在主動不定式 allaudāre，至盎格魯-諾曼語 allouer、alouer，借至中古英語 allowen、alowen 而來。(透过 allaudāre) allaud 或 (透过 allocāre) allocate 的同源對似詞。
與中古英語 alyfen (源自古英語 ālīefan) 和德語 erlauben 皆源自原始日耳曼語 *uzlaubijaną (“允許”)的相似性純屬巧合。

allows (third-person singular present)
allowing (present participle)
allowed (past participle)

to allow an objection

to allow an appeal


idle time

同類詞：downtime、unproductive time


non-disclosure agreement

Shepard: What sort of work do you do here?
Dr. Palon: I can't say. I signed a non-disclosure agreement. If we survive, I'd like to keep my job.
Dr. Palon: The location is terrible, but the pay is better than any other commercial lab.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Rift Station, Noveria:

Due to Non-Disclosure Agreements, he was unable to confirm too much regarding the work on the '92s', […].

2021年January27日，“Network News: Hydro-treated Vegetable Oil performs well in DBC tests”, in RAIL, issue 923，頁 11:


injuria

借自拉丁語 iniuria。injury 的同源對似詞。

/ɪnˈdʒʊəɹi.ə/

故意使用攻擊性語言或手勢傷害某人的尊嚴


insider trading

內線交易，內幕交易，內部交易

Wall Street wants repeal of the provisions for penalizing executives (and large stockholders) who trade in their company's securities. It claims that publicity on such "insider" trading is enough.

华尔街希望废除对交易公司证券的高管（和大股东）进行处罚的规定。它声称，公开此类“内幕”交易就足够了。

1942年February9日，“Back to Philadelphia”, in Time:

The aim of insider trading law is simple: prohibit people from profiting from advance knowledge of a stock-moving event—be it a merger, an earnings warning or a soon-to-be-published news story.

内幕交易法的目的很简单：禁止人们利用对股票波动事件的提前了解来获利——无论是合并、盈利预警还是即将发布的新闻报道。

2003年June5日，Jake Ulick，“Insider trading: A primer”, in CNNMoney.com, retrieved 2008-10-25:


society

起於1530年代；借自中古法語 societé，源自古法語 societé，源自拉丁語 societās, societātem (“聯盟，社群”)，源自socius (“聯合的，同盟的；夥伴，同伴，同盟”)，源自原始印歐語 *sokʷ-yo- (“同伴”)，源自原始印歐語 *sekʷ- (“跟隨”)。

若干人经相互同意而联合起来，为共同的目标进行商议、决定和行动。


uses

英國的一種衡平法所有權形式，表現為一人擁有土地的收益，而法定所有權則歸另一人代管


qisas

源自阿拉伯語 قِصَاص (qiṣāṣ)。


quaestio

源自拉丁語 quaestiō (“詢問”)。


verd

能砍伐森林綠樹作燃料的特權


wanted

more wanted (comparative)
most wanted (superlative)


voir dire

源自盎格魯-諾曼語，字面意思為“說出真相”，源自古法語 voir (“真實的”)（源自拉丁語 vērus (“真實的”)）+ dire (“說”)（源自拉丁語 dīcere (“說”)）。

/ˈvwɑː ˌdɪə/

/ˈvɔɹ ˌdaɪɹ/

/ˈvwɑɹ ˌdɪɹ/


drunk driving

酒駕 尤指血液酒精濃度達到規定標準情況下的駕駛


appellant

源自盎格魯-諾曼語，源自古法語 apelant。


appellant

源自盎格魯-諾曼語，源自古法語 apelant。

The appellant made her submissions to the court.

上訴人向法院提交了陳詞。


subrogor

代表另一方（代位權人）行使代位權的一方


subrogate

借自拉丁語 subrogātus，subrogō 的完成時被動分詞，源自 sub (“在…之下”) + rogō (“請求，詢問”)。有變體 surrogate。

subrogates (third-person singular present)
subrogating (present participle)
subrogated (past participle)

In the course of that work air‑conditioning units were installed. Those units are equipped with compressors which were manufactured by Refcomp, whose registered office is in Italy, purchased from that company and fitted by Climaventa whose registered office is also in Italy, then sold to Doumer by the company Liebert to whose rights Emerson is now subrogated. […] Subrogated to the rights of Doumer, to which it paid compensation, Axa Corporate sued the manufacturer Recomp, the fitter Climaveneta and the seller Emerson before the Tribunal de grande instance de Paris (Regional Court, Paris) seeking an order that they pay in solidum compensation for the damage suffered.

2013年February7日，European Court of Justice，Refcomp SpA vs. Axa Corporate Solutions Assurance SA / Axa France IARD / Emerson Network / Climaveneta SpA,, Case C‑543/10, marginals 8 and 10:

A co-debtor that pays off a principal creditor has a choice. It can subrogate to the principal creditor's claim or it can file its own claim in the bankruptcy. It cannot do both; its own claim will be disallowed if it seeks subrogation.

2019, Ginsberg, Martin, Kelley, Ginsberg and Martin on Bankruptcy, Aspen Publishers Online (ISBN 9780735575523), page 86:


revocate

revocates (third-person singular present)
revocating (present participle)
revocated (past participle)

撤銷（緩刑、假釋或長期監督狀態）


adiate

起於19世紀中葉，源自拉丁語 adīre + -ate，參見荷蘭語 adiëren。

adiates (third-person singular present)
adiating (present participle)
adiated (past participle)

If he adiates, the adiation should take place unconditionally and without limitation of time.

1844，Hercules Tennant，The Notary's Manual: Containing: Instructions for the Notaries at the Cape of Good Hope:


natural person

natural persons (plural)
natural people (plural)


aver

繼承自中古英語 averren，源自古法語 averer，源自早期中世紀拉丁語 advērō，派生自拉丁語 vērus (“真的”)。對照現代法語 avérer。

avers (third-person singular present)
averring (present participle)
avering (present participle)
averred (past participle)
avered (past participle)

證明或證實（某人提出的指控或請求）


derogation

源自古法語 derogacion（對應法語 dérogation），源自拉丁語 dērogātiō。

/ˌdɛɹəˈɡeɪʃən/

Two sets of Mk. 2 coaches hauled by Class 37s were introduced on peak Rhymney services during the summer. The coaches do not comply with the Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) standards and would therefore need a derogation to continue in passenger service after 31 December.

2019 October，Rhodri Clark，“TfW seeks PRM derogation for Class 37 sets”, in Modern Railways，頁 87:


remanet

被推迟或延期至另一届会议的法案


abjudicate

借自拉丁語 abiūdicātus，abiūdicō (“通过司法判决剥夺”) 的完成時被動分詞，源自 ab (“遠，離”) + iūdicō (“作出判断；决定，得出结论”)。abjudge 的同源對似詞。参见 judge。

abjudicates (third-person singular present)
abjudicating (present participle)
abjudicated (past participle)


abjudge

ab- + judge，源自拉丁語 abiudicare。abjudicate 的同源對似詞。

abjudges (third-person singular present)
abjudging (present participle)
abjudged (past participle)

/ˈæbˌd͡ʒəd͡ʒ/

/æbˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/

經司法判決剝奪，裁定剝奪


legal tender

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-legal tender.wav


renote

renotes (third-person singular present)
renoting (present participle)
renoted (past participle)


supersedeas

上诉人希望延迟支付判决款项，直至上诉结束的情況下，法院要求上诉人提供的一种保证金

要求下级法院中止诉讼的令状


supersedere

债权人自愿停止为债务人亲自执行债务的行为

Mr Sweepclean, secede paulisper, or, in your own language, grant us a supersedere of diligence for five minutes.

1816，Sir Walter Scott，The Antiquary，Oxford University Press, 出版於 2002，頁 406:


tried

more tried (comparative)
most tried (superlative)


stop up

stops up (third-person singular present)
stopping up (present participle)
stopped up (past participle)

同類詞：block off、close off


corrections

/kəˈɹɛkʃənz/


continuando

原告在同一诉讼中追讨多项侵权行为的损害赔偿


thither

繼承自中古英語 thider，繼承自古英語 þider，為早期 þæder (“到那裡”) 的變化（可能類似於 hider (“往這裡”)），繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þadrê。

Behold now, this city is near to flee unto, and it is a little one: Oh, let me escape thither […]

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 19:20:

And there rises a shining palace whose crystal glittering roof is seen by mariners who traverse the extensive sea in barks built expressly for that purpose, and thither come all herds and fatlings and firstfruits of that land for O'Connell Fitzsimon takes toll of them, a chieftain descended from chieftains.

1922 February，James Joyce，Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:


judicare

judicial + care 組成的混成詞；對比 Medicare、denticare。

/ˈd͡ʒudɪˌkɛə/

/ˈd͡ʒudɪˌkɛɚ/

司法委託（一種法律援助形式）


rasure

繼承自中古英語 rasure，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 rasure、中古法語 rasure，源自拉丁語 rāsūra (“刮，剃”)，源自 rādere (“刮，剃”) 的分詞詞幹。

刮擦羊皮纸等的表面以从文件上擦除某些内容