longa

源自拉丁語 longa。

longæ (plural)
longe (plural)
longas (plural)

quadruple whole note

等於兩個或三個短音符的音符，即四個或六個全音符。

等於兩個或三個短音符的音符，即四個或六個全音符。


oud

借自阿拉伯語 عُود (ʕūd)。lute 的同源對似詞。

同類詞：sintir


consonant

繼承自中古英語 consonant 或 consonaunt，源自古法語 consonant，源自拉丁語 cōnsonāns，源自前綴 con- (“和”) + 現在分詞 sonāns (“正聽起來”)，源自 sonāre (“聽起來”)。此拉丁語詞又是古希臘語 σύμφωνον (súmphōnon) 的仿譯。

more consonant (comparative)
most consonant (superlative)


fret

來自中古英語 freten (“捆”)，來自古法語 freter，來自frete (“金屬包頭”)（現代法語 frette）。用來表示音樂意思的源頭未知；可能來自 frete 或來自 fret（摩擦）。

The long-necked Egyptian Nefer was certainly depicted in the 4th dynasty; and wall-painting of the time of Moses, preserved in the British Museum, shows that it then had frets.

1880，A. J. H[ipkins]，“LUTE”, in A Dictionary of Music and Musicians (A.D. 1450–1880) [...] In Three Volumes，卷 II, London: Macmillan and Co., →OCLC，頁 175，列 2:

The frets of the lute marked whole tones, while those of the guitar were a semi-tone apart.

1916，“History of the Orchestra”, in The Orchestra and Orchestral Music (The Art of Music: A Comprehensive Library of Information for Music Lovers and Musicians; 8)，New York, N.Y.: The National Society of Music, →OCLC, section III，頁 69:


fret

frets (third-person singular present)
fretting (present participle)
fretted (past participle)

音樂方面的意思： 在（樂器）上裝上品

to fret a guitar

音樂方面的意思： 將琴弦壓在品的後面


pianoforte

pianofortes (plural)
pianoforti (plural)

/piˌænəʊˈfɔːteɪ/

/piˌænəʊˈfɔːt/


harp

繼承自中古英語 harpe，繼承自古英語 hearpe (“豎琴”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *harpā，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *harpǭ (“豎琴”)。同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 hairp (“豎琴”)、西弗里斯蘭語 harpe、harp (“豎琴”)、低地德語 Harp (“豎琴”)、荷蘭語 harp (“豎琴”)、德語 Harfe (“豎琴”)、丹麥語 harpe (“豎琴”)、瑞典語 harpa (“豎琴”)。

豎琴 音樂學上屬於相同類型的樂器

The Harpe. […] A harper with his wreſt maye tune the harpe wrong / Mys tunying of an Inſtrument ſhal hurt a true ſonge

1568，William Cornishe [i.e., William Cornysh]，“In the Fleete Made by Me William Cornishe otherwise Called Nyshwhete Chapelman with the Most Famose and Noble Kyng Henry the VII. His Reygne the XIX. Yere the Moneth of July. A Treatise betwene Trouth, and Information.”, in John Skelton, Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate，Imprinted at London: In Fletestreate, neare vnto Saint Dunstones Churche by Thomas Marshe, →OCLC; 再版為 Pithy Pleasaunt and Profitable Workes of Maister Skelton, Poete Laureate to King Henry the VIIIth，London: Printed for C. Davis in Pater-noster Row, 1736, →OCLC，頁 290:


bottleneck

瓶頸 將瓶頸的一部分放在手指上，作為吉他滑音使用


nasal

繼承自中古英語，派生自中世紀拉丁語 nāsālis，源自nāsus (“鼻子”) + -ālis (形容詞後綴)。nasalis 的同源對似詞。

more nasal (comparative)
most nasal (superlative)


mode

來自古法語 mode m，來自拉丁語 modus (“方法，方式；節奏，旋律”)。modus 的同源對似詞。

調式，現代西方音樂中常見的幾種音階之一 古希臘音階之一


drumstick

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-drumstick.wav


a cappella

借自意大利語 alla cappella (“以[西斯廷]教堂的方式”)，指非器樂合唱團。

a capella (alternative)
acapella (alternative)
a cappellas (plural)

/ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/

阿卡貝拉／阿卡佩拉，無伴奏合唱


a cappella

a capella (alternative)
acapella (alternative)

/ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/

沒有樂器伴奏地 （自19世紀晚期）

Groups of teens singing a cappella on street corners got recording contracts.

一群在街角唱無伴奏合唱的青少年獲得了錄音合同。


a cappella

/ˌɑ kəˈpɛl.ə/

無伴奏合唱的 （首次記錄於19世紀晚期）

An a cappella group sang during the wedding reception.

一個無伴奏合唱團在婚宴上唱歌。

與一種主要與美國大學表演團體相關的純聲樂形式有關的

Socially, a cappella groups tend to be tight-knit ensembles in which close interpersonal relationships are formed.

2012，Joshua S. Duchan，Powerful Voices，頁 2:


decrescendo

/diːˌkɹɛˈʃɛndəʊ/


decrescendo

decrescendos (third-person singular present)
decrescendoing (present participle)
decrescendoed (past participle)

/diːˌkɹɛˈʃɛndəʊ/


vocalize

vocalise (alternative)
vocalizes (third-person singular present)
vocalizing (present participle)
vocalized (past participle)


falsetto

借自意大利語 falsetto，源自falso (“虛假的”)。

/fɔɫˈsɛɾ.oʊ/


hallelujah

來自希伯來語 הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh，“讚美耶和華”)。

halleluia (alternative)
halleluiah (alternative)
halleluja (alternative)
alleluia (alternative)
hallelujahs (plural)

讚美上帝的歌；以「哈利路亞」為基礎的音樂作品。


industrialist

喜歡表演或享受工業音樂的人

Like a lot of second-wave industrialists, Skinny Puppy's attraction to rhythm wasn't consciously political, but based in the pleasure of making and moving to a beat; Key was, after all, a drummer.

2013, S. Alexander Reed, Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music (page 174)


marimba

借自葡萄牙語 marimba，經由一種班圖語支語言，可能是金邦杜語 marimba (“木琴”)。

The default ringtone for your iPhone is a marimba sound, but if you'd like to change it, start at the Home screen, then tap on the Settings icon.

iPhone 的默认铃声是马林巴琴声，但如果您想更改它，请先转到主屏幕，然后点击“设置”图标。

2009，Scott Kelby, Terry White，The iPhone Book, Third Edition (Covers iPhone 3GS, iPhone 3G, and iPod Touch)，Peachpit Press, →ISBN:


register

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/


barcarole

借自法語 barcarolle，源自威尼斯語 barcaroƚa (“船夫唱的歌”)，源自 barca (“樹皮、駁船、船”),最終源自埃及語 bꜣjr (“運輸船；一種魚”)。

/ˈbɑːkəɹəʊl/

/ˌbɑːkəˈɹəʊl/

/ˈbɑɹkəˌɹoʊl/

船歌（威尼斯船夫搖貢多拉所唱的歌曲）（自18世紀晚期起）

Venice! dear beautiful Venice! scene of harmony and love! where all was gayety and mirth, revelry and pleasure, with what warm feelings do I recall thee to my memory; day and night were the gondoliers singing barcarolles, or the verses of [Torquato] Tasso and [Ludovico] Ariosto to Venetian airs; […]

1826，Michael Kelly, [Theodore Edward Hook]，Reminiscences of Michael Kelly, of the King’s Theatre, and Theatre Royal Drury Lane, including a Period of Nearly Half a Century; with Original Anecdotes of Many Distinguished Persons, Political, Military, and Musical，New York, N.Y.: Printed by J. & J. Harper, 327 Pearl-Street, for E[vert Augustus] Duyckinck, Collins and Hannay, Collins & Co., W. B. Gilley, H. I. Megary, A. T. Goodrich, and G. & C. Carvill, →OCLC，頁 90:

In Venice! This night is so delicious—its air / Full of moonlight and passionate snatches of song, […] / —with a song full of dole, / A forlorn barcarole, / As my gondola glides.

1867 February，“Aureolus Paracelsus”，“In a Gondola. (Suggested by Mendelssohn’s Andante in G Minor, Book I., Lied 6, of the ‘Lieder ohne Worten.’)”, in The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art，卷 V, 期 2 (New Series), New York, N.Y.: Published at No. 5 Beekman Street, →OCLC, stanza I，頁 174:

船歌（模仿上述歌曲創作的音樂）（自18世紀晚期起）

A Barcarolle, with variations for the Pianoforte and flute, ad lib. by [Jean Théodore] Latour, opens with an introduction of great feeling and elegance. The Barcarolle is composed by [Jacques Féréol] Mazas, the great violinist, and has been played by him at the Philharmonic Concerts, and is original and graceful.

1822 May，“Report of Music”, in The London Magazine，卷 V, 期 XXIX, London: Printed for Taylor and Hessey, 93, Fleet-Street, →OCLC，頁 492:

But perhaps the best airs are those of Italy (particularly the Venetian) and Spain. […] The bolero, the barcarole, the canzonetta, and romance, have all the gaiety, softness, tenderness, and chivalry, which we associate with the troubadours, the gay squires, and sprightly dames, of the early ages of poetry and music.

1824，“A Collection of Admired Italian, French, German, Spanish, and English Songs, with a Progressive Accompaniment for the Spanish Guitar; by George Hervey Derwort. Nos. 1 to 13. London. Gow and Son.”, in The Quarterly Musical Magazine and Review，卷 VI, London: Sold by Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 47, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC，頁s 547–548:

Later in the evening Mr. [Anton] Rubinstein played his smaller pieces, such as the march from "The Ruins of Athens," his own "Barcarolle," and "Valse Caprice," and the enthusiasm and appreciation of his intelligent audience grew greater and greater.

1895 February，William Steinway，“William Steinway’s Reminiscences of Rubinstein”, in Music. A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Art, Science, Technic and Literature of Music，卷 VII, Chicago, Ill.: Music Magazine Publishing Company, →OCLC，頁 395:


ritornello

意大利語 ritornello，ritorno (“返回”，名詞) 的指小，源自 ritornare (“返回”，動詞)；比較法語 ritournelle。

ritornellos (plural)
ritornelli (plural)

回復段，回復曲；巴洛克音樂中為管弦樂隊或合唱團反復出現的合奏段落。


engine room

球隊或其他團隊的力量泉源 鋼鼓樂隊的節奏組

And no steel band would be complete without its rhythm section or engine room, as the percussion section is known.

2018，Polly Thomas，The Rough Guide to Trinidad and Tobago，Apa Publications, →ISBN:


來自或類似8位元電腦時代藝術或音樂的

Typically far more complex than the songs of the 8-bit games, songs in Amiga games had a highly varied structure, but usually followed the same basic principles seen in the 8-bit games (shorter loops with fewer distinct sections for battle music, and longer loops with more distinct sections for in-game music).

2008年January1日，Karen Collins，Game Sound: An Introduction to the History, Theory, and Practice of Video Game Music and Sound Design，MIT Press, →ISBN:

Much of La-Mulanas 8-bit' aesthetic is tied to its self-imposed graphical limitations. To start, the native resolution of 256 × 192 pixels is (as we would expect) much less than that of contemporary standards[…]

2008年November12日，Brett Camper，“Retro Reflexivity: La-Mulana”, in The Video Game Theory Reader 2，Routledge, →ISBN:


Bach

源自德語 Bach。姓氏由其他日耳曼語族國家的移民帶入盎格魯-薩克遜地區。Beach 的同源對似詞。


accelerando

/æksɛləˈɹændəʊ/

一種速度標記，表示該段音樂的速度逐漸加快。


accelerando

/æksɛləˈɹændəʊ/


big band

由這種樂隊演奏的音樂類型


drum and bass

鼓打貝斯，電子舞曲的一種。


Schubert

源自德語的姓氏；舒伯特 弗朗茨·舒伯特／法蘭茲·舒伯特，奧地利浪漫主義作曲家


speed metal

速度金属，重金屬音樂的一種。


glam metal

一種起於1980年代的重金屬音樂，受華麗搖滾（glam rock）的影響。


tanto

借自意大利語 tanto。


dolente

借自意大利語 dolente，dolere (“傷害、後悔”) 的現在分詞。

悲哀地，憂愁地；彷彿演奏者在哀悼一般


sostenuto

充分演奏出音符時值；延音地


spinto

借自意大利語 spinto (字面意思是“被推”)。

抒情兼戲劇性的女高音或男高音


trillo

借自意大利語 trillo。

trillos (plural)
trilloes (plural)
trilli (plural)


etude

:< (1837) 法語 étude（“學習”） < 拉丁語 studium（“精神、投入、學習”）。


toccata

借自意大利語 toccata。


shamisen

samisen (alternative)
syamisen (alternative)
shamisens (plural)
shamisen (plural)
samisen (alternative)


post-rock

post- + rock，1994年5月由西蒙·雷诺兹（Simon Reynolds）所創。


qanun

源自土耳其語 kanun，源自阿拉伯語 قَانُون (qānūn)，源自古希臘語 κανών (kanṓn)。canon 的同源對似詞。

卡農琴，一種近東和高加索的弦樂器

WISPS of mournful tunes from a cane flute mingled with the plucking, jangling arabesques of the zitherlike qanun, the oud and gentle drums.

2009年June21日，Daniel J. Wakin，“Ensemble Ambitions in a World Divided”, in New York Times:


taille

代表男高音的维奥尔琴或中提琴部分


jingle bell

馬鈴，一種金屬製敲擊樂器


slur

來自中古英語 sloor (“稀泥”)。與中古低地德語 sluren (“走在泥裡”)同源。與方言挪威語 sløra (“草率，不上心”)、丹麥語 sløre (“搖晃，鬆垮”)有關；對比古諾爾斯語 slóðra (“慢吞吞地走”)。

同類詞：tie


slur

slurs (third-person singular present)
slurring (present participle)
slurred (past participle)

Notes , the stems of which are joined together by cross lines, as in united quavers , semiquavers , & c . or notes over the heads of which a curve is drawn, to signify that they are to be slurred

1817, Thomas Busby, A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical


double bass

double-bass (alternative)
double basses (plural)


psalmodicon

psalmodikon (alternative)
psalmodicons (plural)

一種起源於斯堪的納維亞的簡單弦樂器，只有一條弦，用弓演奏。


stringed

The violin is a stringed instrument but without frets.

小提琴是一種無品的弦樂器。


volti

源自意大利語 voltare (“翻頁”)。


hemidemisemiquaver

But the young gentleman […] walked down the dark side of the street in peals of laughter, making, ever and anon, little breathless remarks to himself, which his colleague could not hear, but which seemed to have the effect of setting him off again into new hemi-demi-semiquavers and roars of laughter […]

1863，Sheridan Le Fanu，The House by the Churchyard:


hundred twenty-eighth note

一百二十八分音符，演奏長度為全音符時長的1⁄128


semibreve

源自意大利語 semibreve，最終源自拉丁語 semi- (“半”) + brevis (“短”)。


double whole note

由於倍全音符僅出現在拍號頂部數字是底部數字至少兩倍的拍子中，因此很少見。


demisemihemidemisemiquaver

源自 demi- + semi- + hemi- + demi- + semi- + quaver。


two hundred fifty-sixth note

When you cut four quarter notes in half, you get eight eighth notes, and so on, down the road, all the way to two-hundred-fifty-sixth notes.

2009，Phyllis Sdoia-Satz，Practicing sucks, but it doesn't have to!: surviving music lessons:


country music

country and western (“鄉村及西部”)的縮略。本用詞於1950年代開始成為主流。


zurna

源自土耳其語 zurna，源自波斯語 سرنا (sornâ)。與英語 horn、拉丁語 cornu (“獸角”)同源。


forces

音樂製作中使用的管弦樂譜曲


kora

源自班巴拉語 kɔ́ra。

科拉琴，西非琴（類似豎琴的樂器）

He is performing here with his Symmetric Orchestra, an ensemble of West African musicians who play both traditional instruments (kora, balafon, bolombatto, djembe) and slightly more contemporary ones (guitars, keyboards).

2009年April17日，The New York Times，“Pop Listings”, in New York Times:


filmi

借自印地語 फ़िल्मी (filmī).

filmy song

專為寶萊塢電影製作的音樂

專為寶萊塢電影製作的音樂


khene

借自老撾語 ແຄນ (khǣn)。

There are processions led by dancers with castanets and accompanied by musicians playing the Kène.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1951, Norman Lewis, A Dragon Apparent, Eland 2003, p. 296:

The khene was once used to call warriors to fight. Now it is used for ceremonies.}}

1997, Dolly Brittan, The Hmong, Rosen Publishing 1997, p. 32:

The Lao khaen, however, is the most sophisticated of all the bamboo mouth organs – it takes great skill to play it properly.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2000, Simon Broughton et al., The Rough Guide to World Music, Rough Guides 2000, p. 171:

I then suggested that he should play a tune on the khène while I improvised an accompaniment on the ukelele.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2001, Mervyn Brown, War in Shangri-La, Radcliffe 2001, p. 155:


suona

源自官話 嗩吶／唢呐 (suǒnà)的拼音轉寫，源自波斯語 سورنا (sornâ)。zurna 的同源對似詞。


sestina

源自意大利語 sestina。sextain 的同源對似詞。

由泛音列中前六個音組成的和弦


MC

Three MC's and one DJ / We be getting down with no delay

1999，“Three MC’s and One DJ”, in Hello Nasty，演出者 Beastie Boys:


MC

MCs (third-person singular present)
MCing (present participle)
MCed (past participle)


sonatina

借自意大利語 sonatina (字面意思是“小的奏鳴曲”)。

A sonatina usually has 2 or 3 rather short movements. While these movements provide contrasts of tempo and mood, they also complement one another, combining to fulfill the overall plan for a complete work in several parts.
一首小奏鳴曲通常有2或3個相當短的樂章。這些樂章提供了節奏和情緒的對比，並相互補充、結合在一起，完成了一個完整作品的幾個部分的總體設計。

2005, Willard A. Palmer, First Sonatina Book: Alfred Masterwork Edition - Piano Sheet Music Collection, Alfred Music (ISBN 9781457443169), page 1:


sirvente

借自法語 sirvente，源自古普羅旺斯語 sirventes、sirventesc，源自 sirvent，源自 servir (“服務”)，源自拉丁語 servīre。

一種普羅旺斯吟遊詩人演唱的的諷刺歌曲

The knight in the meantime, had brought the strings into some order, and after a short prelude, asked his host whether he would choose a sirvente in the language of oc, or a lai in the language of oui, or a virelai, or a ballad in the vulgar English.

1820，沃尔特·司各特，章號 XVII, in 艾凡赫，卷 II, 爱丁堡: […] Archibald Constable and Co.；伦敦：Hurst, Robinson, and Co. […], →OCLC，頁 42:


bisbigliando

由拉弦或撥弦樂器（如豎琴）產生的顫音


volti subito

借自意大利語 volti subito (字面意思是“快速地翻”)。


idée fixe

借自法語 idée fixe (字面意思是“固定觀念”)。

a definite musical figure, called the 'idée fixe,' unifying the work throughout by its constant reappearance in various aspects and surroundings

1922，Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians，卷 4，頁 793:


doo

起於1950年代，源自兒語。

(Ever feel like you've just entered... The Twilight Zone? Doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, doo....)

1995，Phil Farrand，The Nitpicker's Guide for Next Generation Trekkers: Volume 2:

[…] the bloke who sang about coloured girls going 'doo de doo de doo doo d'de doo de doo de doo' had once had this thing with the guy who produced the debut albums by the Stooges and Patti Smith.

2006，Steve Taylor，A to X of Alternative Music，頁 272:


hoquet

hocket的另一種寫法


secundo

源自意大利語 secondo (“第二”)。second 的同源對似詞。

二重唱/二重奏中的次要部分


tierce

源自古法語 tierce，源自拉丁語 tertia。

音階的第三個音；參見 mediant


instrumentalize

instrumentalizes (third-person singular present)
instrumentalizing (present participle)
instrumentalized (past participle)

將為人聲而寫的音樂作品轉錄為樂器演奏


woodwind instrument

同類詞：brass instrument


igil

借自圖瓦語 игил (ïgïl)。

圖瓦馬頭琴；葉克勒/依格勒


zufolo

借自意大利語 zufolo。

一種哨笛（尤其用來教鳥類模仿演奏）


effected

Their palette was covered with heavily effected guitars, synthetic loops and samples, electronic drums, and cold industrial sound effects.

2000，John Joseph Thompson，Raised by Wolves: The Story of Christian Rock & Roll:


requinto

乐器（通常是吉他）较小但音调较高的版本


sforzando

more sforzando (comparative)
most sforzando (superlative)

(縮寫) sf, sfz, sfz.


cak

印度尼西亞的一種傳統弦樂器


diminished

more diminished (comparative)
most diminished (superlative)


augmented

more augmented (comparative)
most augmented (superlative)

同類詞：perfect


ma non troppo

借自意大利語 ma (“而，但是”) + non (“不，沒有”) + troppo (“過度”)。

The opening section is clearly written in the French overture style, leading into a lively Allegro ma non troppo where imitative, fanfare-like entries abound.

開頭部分明顯是以法國序曲風格寫成的，然後進入一段活潑的〈不太快的快板〉，其中充滿了模仿和號角般的樂段。

1992，Albert R. Rice，The Baroque Clarinet, →ISBN，頁 106:

There is some confusion over the metronome mark of the slow movement. The violin and piano reduction gives ♪=69, which is wholly inconsistent with the tempo indication 'Lento ma non troppo'.

慢樂章的節拍器標記存在一些混淆。小提琴與鋼琴的縮減版給的是 ♪=69，這與節奏指示「不太慢的緩板」完全不一致。

2013，Norman Del Mar，Richard Strauss: A Critical Commentary on His Life and Works, →ISBN:


rinforzando

rinforzandos (plural)
rinforzandi (plural)

/ˌɹɪnfɔːˈtsændəʊ/


rinforzando

more rinforzando (comparative)
most rinforzando (superlative)

/ˌɹɪnfɔːˈtsændəʊ/

(縮寫) rf, rfz, rfz., rinf.


rinforzando

/ˌɹɪnfɔːˈtsændəʊ/


arpeggiate

arpeggiates (third-person singular present)
arpeggiating (present participle)
arpeggiated (past participle)

[…] Mr. Keezer arpeggiated chords a little flashily, but justifiably so; […]。

2007年January12日，Ben Ratliff，“High-Toned Scats and Purrs by a Low-Profile Jazz Singer”, in New York Times:


accompagnato

借自意大利語 accompagnato，accompagnare (“伴隨，陪同”) 的過去分詞。

指示宣叙调由管弦乐队伴奏的速度标记


scorrendo

音调之间平稳流畅地（滑动或过渡）


canzona

借自意大利語 canzona。

合组歌，盛行于16和17世纪的一种器乐作品

Mr. Milnes had a turn in the spotlight with a canzona for solo organ by Johann Caspar Kerll.

2007年January15日，Steve Smith，“Classic Viennese Music, the Prequel”, in New York Times:


rasgueado

一种吉他手指扫弦技巧，常用于弗拉门戈吉他音乐中


clavicembalo

clavicembalos (plural)
clavicembali (plural)

Also we recall that Agnesi's life was bound up with that of a younger sister, Maria Teresa, who is known in the history of music as a composer and pianist, that is, virtuoso on the clavicembalo.

1970，Edna Kramer，The Nature and Growth of Modern Mathematics，Princeton, 出版於 1982，頁 706:

He taught me composition and how to improve my playing on the clavicembalo [譯 Jnſtrument] and also the harp […].

1999, Mike Mitchell, translating HJC von Grimmelshausen, Simplicissimus, III.17, Dedalus 2016, p. 253:


clavicymbalum

一種早期的鍵盤樂器，大鍵琴的祖先