speel

源自原始日耳曼語 *spilą (“舞蹈，遊戲”)。

(鄉村、北英格蘭、蘇格蘭) 遊戲

To play a good speel.


COPD

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (“慢性阻塞性肺病”)之首字母縮略詞。


heterosexism

One of the driving forces behind slash and femslash is the pervading heterosexism of commercial media – if television will not give us the due proportion of same-sex eroticism we are entitled to expect, then we will make it for ourselves.

2010，Stacey Abbott，The Cult TV Book，頁 245:


NEET

Not in Education, Employment, or Training (“不正受教育、僱傭、培訓中”)的縮寫。原為英國政府術語，最早見於20世紀90年代。後傳至日本及其他一些國家，意思也有發生改變。

Studies have shown that NEETs are usually between the ages of 18 to 40 years and may be the victims of family breakdown and mental illness, lack of discipline also contributes to the problem.

2006，Suvendrini Kakuchi，“Turning to 'NEETS' to Cover Labour Shortages”, in Inter Press Service:

The NEET population in 2003, according to a Ministry of Health and Labor estimate last September, was 520,000.


sandur

借自冰島語 sandur (“沙”)。sand的雙詞。


honing

In future honings, you'll assume the tip is touching the stone on the back when it is, in fact, above the stone's surface.

2007, Fine Woodworking (issues 195-201, page 57)


mets

Mets can be found in multiple organs.

腫瘤轉移可出現在多種器官中。


SOB

:Template:可數 son of a bitch (“狗娘養的”)的縮寫。

:Template:不可數 shortness of breath (“呼吸困難”)的縮寫。


coronavirus

/kəˈɹəʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/

/kəˈɹoʊnəˌvaɪɹəs/

冠狀病毒 （自20世紀60年代）


Azerbaijani

/ˌæzəbaɪˈdʒɑːni/

/ˌæzəɹbaɪˈdʒɑːni/


ciprofloxacin

源自 cy(clo)pro(pyl) + -floxacin (“萘啶酸衍生物”)。


colón

科隆（哥斯達黎加貨幣，薩爾瓦多前貨幣）


short fuse

to be on a short fuse


Gini coefficient

源自意大利語統計學家、社會學家Corrado Gini。

/ˈdʒiːni ˌkəʊˈɪ.fɪʃn̩t/


habanero

/ˌ(h)ɑːbəˈnɛɹəʊ/

音頻 (美國，北加利福尼亞)


Havanna

Havana (“古巴雪茄”)的舊寫法。


以每分鐘33⅓轉播放的留聲機唱片


Kamboja

不明。一些學者認為與Kambujiya (“岡比西斯”)有關，但“there are also scholars who denounce a connection between Kamboja and Kambujiya … and who defend another etymology（也有的學者不認為Kamboja 和 Kambujiya有聯繫，並認為另有來源）”。。對比Kambuja, Kamboj, Kamboja (name)。


kandy

candy的另一種寫法 (印度質量單位)


friseur

As for poor Owen, could the bob-wig which he then wore have uncurled itself, and stood on end with horror, I am convinced the morning's labour of the friseur would have been undone, merely by the excess of his astonishment at this enormity.


mecca

同Mecca (“熱門地區”)。


latakia

源自Latakia (“拉塔基亞，靠近本種煙草的產地”)，源自阿拉伯語 اللَاذِقِيَّة (al-lāḏiqiyya)。


Lao

借自老撾語 ລາວ (lāo)。


pilsner

源自德語 Pilsner，源自Pilsen（其產地）。


Portugall

AMONGST other coũtryes which were vnknowne to vs of Europe vntill in this later age they were diſcouered by the Spaniardes & Portugalls, one is Iapone...

1619, W. W. Gent, A briefe relation of the persecution lately made against the Catholike christians, in the Kingdome of Iaponia

The Kingdome of Congo is about 600. miles diameter any way, the chiefe Citie called St. Savadore, seated upon an exceeding high mountaine, 150. miles from the Sea, verie fertile, and inhabited with more than 100000. persons, where is an excellent prospect over all the plaine Countreyes about it, well watered, lying (as it were) in the Center of this Kingdome, over all which the Portugalls now command, though but an handfull in comparison of Negroes.

1630, John Smith, Travels of Captaine John Smith, 1907 edition, Vol. II, p. 167-8 https://web.archive.org/web/20081203181040/http://www.webroots.org/library/usahist/ghov2-07.html

At a congregational meeting he was for the reception of the Portugall embassador.


smithy

源自中古英語 smythy ← 古諾爾斯語 smiðja ← 原始日耳曼語 *smiþjǭ（參見古英語 smiþþe → 英語 smithe）。


schuss

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-schuss.wav


maccha

matcha的非標準寫法。


Swede

源自中古低地德語 Swêde，源自日耳曼語族詞，類似古英語 Swēoþēod (“瑞典人”)，源自Swēon (“瑞典人”) (古諾爾斯語 Svíar)，源自原始日耳曼語 *swihô (“瑞典人”)。與荷蘭語 Zweed, 德語 Schwede同源。

古代瑞典中部一日耳曼部落的成員


Swiss

源自中古法語 Suisse（1515年左右），Switzer的形直接借自德語。

My favourite sandwich has roast beef and Swiss on rye bread.

我最喜歡的三文治有烤牛肉，黑麥麵包上有瑞士奶酪。


swede

源自 Swedish turnip，源自18世紀早期瑞典人引種其至英國。

(蘇格蘭、愛爾蘭、英格蘭北部) 蕪菁

Gotta be so careful nowadays; local copper's no problem but the cow from the council done me 'cos this almost brained a punter when it fell on his swede.

2005, The Spectator (volume 299, page 49)


Tartar

源自古法語 Tartaire ← 中世紀拉丁語 Tartarus (“韃靼人，人”) ← 古突厥語 Tatar，拼寫受拉丁語 Tartarus (“（希臘神話中的）冥界”)影響，源自古希臘語 Τάρταρος (Tártaros)。

Tatar的另一種拼寫法

Persia is a great country, which was in old times very illustrious and powerful; but now the Tartars have wasted and destroyed it.
波斯是個偉大的國度，古時候這裡曾繁榮強大；如今韃靼人卻荒廢摧毀了它。

《馬克·波羅遊記》，卷1，章13:


Varna

varna的首字母大寫形。


Borg

源自《星際迷航》中的博格人；可能是cyborg的縮略，源自cybernetic + organism。

Go for the fun of it (yes, I am one of the Borgs) and don't let equipment bother you. Just remember this even when the Borgs assimilate you.


señora

源自西班牙語 señora。

/seɪˈnjɔːɹə/

/siːˈnjɔːɹə/

源自西班牙語，對已婚、離婚、守寡女性的稱呼。


senora

señora的另一種拼寫法


messenger RNA

同類詞：transfer RNA

In the past, RNA did not get this kind of respect. The central dogma of biology has been that DNA makes messenger RNA, messenger RNA makes proteins, and proteins do everything else that needs to be done in a living cell.

2006年June20日，Nicholas Wade，“DNA or RNA? Versatile Player Takes a Leading Role in Molecular Research”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


transfer RNA

同類詞：messenger RNA


abibliophobia

Professor David Latchman, the Master of Birkbeck College, suffers from abibliophobia, a common affliction amongst book collectors that manifests itself as a morbid fear of running out of reading material.

Speaking of frightful words, a curious fear I've suffered from on occasion, especially on long airplane flights, is abibliophobia, the fear of not having enough to read.

2010, Phil Cousineau, Wordcatcher: An Odyssey into the World of Weird and Wonderful Words, Viva Editions (2010), ISBN 9781573444002, page 17:

The outdoor racks, maintained on an honor system, are open 24 hours a day, for those who suffer from abibliophobia—fear of lacking for reading material.

2012, Laura M. Reckford, Frommer's Cape Cod, Nantucket and Martha's Vineyard, John Wiley & Sons (2012), ISBN 9781118119990, page 110:


abid

源自阿拉伯語 عَبْد (ʕabd，“奴隸”)。


absis

apsis的另一種拼寫法


ac

:Template:電 AC (“alternating current，交流電”)的小寫形。


acetum

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 acētum。


adolescent

最早見於1482年，源自法語 adolescent ←拉丁語 adolescentem，adolescens的賓格形，adolēscere (“長大，成人”)的現在分詞，源自ad- (“朝，向”) + alēscere (“長大；成熟”)。形容詞義最早見於1785年。


adulator

借自拉丁語 adūlātor。


Dene

:Template:複 甸尼人，加拿大原住民的一支


advocaat

借自荷蘭語 advocaat (“烈甜酒”)。


agreeing

He had many wars; inextricable coil of claimings, quarrellings and agreeings […]

1858, Thomas Carlyle, History of Friedrich II. of Prussia Called Frederick the Great


ann

源自拉丁語 annata (“一年/半年的收入”) ← annus (“年”)；對比法語 annate。

(蘇格蘭) 半年的薪金（牧師身故後其繼承人的）


arson

源自盎格魯-諾曼語、古法語 arson，源自動詞ardoir ← 拉丁語 ardeō (“燒”)。對比ardent。

Arson, like we thought. three punks doused a car, lit it, and took off.

2006, Paul Chadwick, Concrete: Killer Smile, Part two, p.34


katti

catty (“斤”)的舊寫法。


bellowing

The cries of applause and derision from the spectators, and the formidable bellowings of the exasperated monks who surrounded Pachymius, did not tend to steady his nerves, or render the task of critical discrimination the easier.

1890，Richard Garnett，The Twilight of the Gods, and Other Tales:

Incessant bellowings fill all the earth, Mingled with inextinguishable mirth.

1892，Ambrose Bierce，Black Beetles in Amber:

With great heavings and throes, with snortings and bellowings, with scratchings and tearings of its great claws and lashings of its terrible tail, it writhed and fought to be free, and the light of thousands of fireworks illuminated the gigantic struggle.


burh

古典借詞，源自古英語 burh。borough、burg、burgh、 和 bury 的同源對似詞。

古代君王、貴族居住的有堡壘的地方。


ahu

借自波斯語 آهو (âhu)。


ahu

借自拉帕努伊語 ahu。

製作摩艾石像所用的石製平台


aiga

美屬薩摩亞的一種用皮卡車改造的巴士


evangelist

源自古法語 evangeliste，源自教會拉丁語 evangelista，源自教會古希臘語 εὐαγγελιστής (euangelistḗs，“傳福音者”)，源自εὐαγγελίζεσθαι (euangelízesthai，“傳福音”)，源自εὐάγγελος (euángelos，“帶來好消息”)，源自εὖ (eû，“好”) + ἀγγέλλειν (angéllein，“告知”)。

(原始教會) 第一位將福音帶到某地的人

對某事（多指宗教）有十分熱情的人

Booth, William (1829-1912) English evangelist; founder and first general of the Salvation Army ... his subordinates being expected to give him unquestioning obedience.

1992, J. D. Douglas, Who's Who in Christian History, ISBN 0842310142, p. 94.

Yet in the spreading consumer market of the mid-1700s, his renditions competed with others offering a far different account of the evangelist and his message. The famous artist William Hogarth mocked Whitefield in two engravings presenting the revivalist as a religious fanatic who held sway over the superstitious lower orders.

1994, Frank Lambert, "Pedlar in Divinity", ISBN 0691096163, p. 10.

The film implies that the evangelist, as a type, is a fanatic, a sanctimonious prig, and ultimately a hypocrite.

1996, Peter J. Conn, Pearl S. Buck: A Cultural Biography, ISBN 0521639891, p. 149.

:Template:計算機 （科技公司）僱傭來推廣某項技術的人


farthing

源自中古英語 ferthing ← 古英語 fēorþing, fēorþung (“四分之一；法尋”) ← fēorþa (“第四”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *fedurþungaz (“四分之一”)，可能受古諾爾斯語 fjórðungr (“第四部分，四分之一”)影響。等同於fourth + -ing。

/ˈfɑː(ɹ).ðɪŋ/

法尋，英國舊時硬幣，相當於四分之一便士

"Nay, Heaven forbid, indeed," quoth Robin, "that I should take from such as thee, jolly fellow! Not so much as one farthing would I take from thee, for I love a fair Saxon face like thine right well—more especially when it cometh from Locksley Town, and most especially when the man that owneth it is to marry a bonny lass on Thursday next. But come, tell me for what price thou wilt sell me all of thy meat and thy horse and cart."

1883, 霍华德·派尔 《罗宾汉奇遇记》，章 5:

We must keep them to the fact that the duty is one and three quarter farthings, or nearly a half-penny in the pound and no more, and any one who tries to work it out any other way is not acting fairly in the matter.

1895, Parliament of Western Australia, Parliamentary Debates, Legislative Council and Legislative Assembly VIII, page 163:

That period of infatuation was not unrelieved by a certain amount of self-introspection on my part. I kept account of every farthing I spent, and my expenses were carefully calculated. Every little item such as omnibus fares or postage or a couple of coppers spent on newspapers, would be entered, and the balance struck every evening before going to bed. That habit has stayed with me ever since, and I know that as a result, though I have had to handle public funds amounting to lakhs, I have succeeded in exercising strict economy in their disbursement, and instead of outstanding debts have had invariably a surplus balance in respect of all the movements I have led.

1927-29, 甘地 《我体验真理的故事》, 1940年由摩诃德夫·德赛翻譯, Part I, Chapter xvi:


fæder

faeder的另一種拼寫法

Linear dimensions (mm) of female, intermediate (fæder) and male Ruffs, respectively, all measured by Joop Jukema. The material on females and males was all collected during the spring migrations of 2002 and 2003. All birds, except one fæder of 1 year old, were adult.

2004，Joop Jukema，Theunis Piersma，“Kleine mannelijke Kemphanen met vrouwelijk broedkleed: bestaat er een derde voortplantingsstrategie, de faar?”, in Limosa，卷 77, Sovon Dutch Centre for Field Ornithology，頁 3:

The fraction of fæders was estimated in five morphometric data sets that were collected over four decades in four different countries in three different seasons (comprising 9133 Ruffs). The regression of fæder–female fractions was tested against the null model assuming that the number of fæders is 1.0% of females.

2008，Yvonne I[ngje] Verkuil，Joop Jukema，Jennifer A. Gill，Natalia Karlionova，Johannes Melter, Jos C[orstiaan] E[lbert] W[outer] Hooijmeijer, Theunis Piersma，“Non-breeding fæder Ruffs Philomachus pugnax associate according to sex, not morphology”, in Bird Study，卷 55, 期 3, British Trust for Ornithology, →DOI，頁 421:

The survival costs to fæders linked to the use of sub-optimal habitats as a result of competition from their larger counterparts may be compensated by higher breeding success.

2010 June，Neil Calbrade，Chas Holt，Graham Austin，Heidi Mellan，Richard Hearn, David Stroud, Simon Wotton, Andy Musgrove，“Waders”, in Waterbirds in the UK 2008/09: The Wetland Bird Survey，Thetford, Norfolk: British Trust for Ornithology、Royal Society for the Protection of Birds and Joint Nature Conservation Committee in association with Wildfowl & Wetlands Trust, →ISBN, →ISSN, section “Ruff: Philomachus pugnax”，頁 128:

As females are a third smaller than males, most birds could easily be assigned a sex, while the fæders, female-mimicking males, were discriminated using wing length (Jukema and Piersma 2006).

2014年October21日，Lucie Emilie Schmaltz，Cédric Juillet，Joost Marius Tinbergen，Yvonne Ingje Verkuil，Joslyn Corstiaan Elbert Wouter Hooijmeijer, Theunis Piersma，“Apparent annual survival of staging ruffs during a period of population decline: insights from sex and site-use related differences”, in Population Ecology，卷 57, Springer, 出版於 2015, →DOI, section “Field methods and data collection”，頁 615，列 1:

Fæder males travel with females and, like Satellites, they are nonterritorial and nonagonistic.

2016，Clemens Küpper，“Ruff Shorebird, The”, in Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science，Springer, →DOI, →ISBN:


allay

源自中古英語 alayen, aleyen, aleggen ← 古英語 āleċġan ← 原始日耳曼語 *uzlagjaną (“躺下”)，等同於a- + lay。與德語 erlegen, 哥特語 𐌿𐍃𐌻𐌰𐌲𐌾𐌰𐌽 (uslagjan，“躺下”)同源。中古英語中形似allege、alloy，因而出現了意思的交叉。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-allay.wav


alder

源自中古英語 alder, aller ← 古英語 alor ← 原始日耳曼語 *aluz, *alusō (對比瑞典語 al, 薩特弗里斯蘭語 äller(boom))，*alizō, *alisō的變體 (對比荷蘭語 els, 德語 Erle, 挪威語 or)，源自原始印歐語 *h₂élisos (對比赫梯語 [需要文字] (alanza(n)), 拉丁語 alnus, 拉脫維亞語 al̃ksnis, 波蘭語 olcha, 阿爾巴尼亞語 halë (“黑松”), 古馬其頓語 (Hesychius) ἄλιζα (áliza，“銀白楊”)。

black alder (Alnus glutinosa, Ilex verticillata)


alder

Almost immediately, city alders contacted the campaign to negotiate an ordinance.

2004，Stephanie Luce -，Fighting for a Living Wage，頁 121:

Chicago's mayor Edward Kennelly, the city alders, and many white Chicagoans opposed this siting plan.

2013，Dawn Day Biehler，Pests in the City: Flies, Bedbugs, Cockroaches, and Rats，頁 180:

After three years as Ward 1 alder, Sarah Eidelson ’12 will leave city government at the end of the year.

2017年September28日，Isabel Bysiewicz，“Eidelson reflects on time as alder”, in Yale Daily News:


shades

His shades are by some famous designer.

他這副墨鏡出自名家之手。


lists

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-lists.wav


roles

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-roles.wav


rents

'rents的另一種拼寫法


godfathers

/ˈɡɒdfɑːðəs/


wins

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-wins.wav


horses

I got four hundred horses tucked under the hood.

1979，Al Greenwood, Lou Gramm，“Rev on the Red Line”, in Head Games:

This is a diagnostic test of your engine. You're supposed to have an output of a hundred and 六十eight horses at 六十two hundred R.P.M.s. You're nowhere near that.


tyres

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-tyres.wav


allium

源自拉丁語 allium。

蔥屬（Allium）植物


haole

借自夏威夷語 haole。

(夏威夷) 非夏威夷人，多指白人

I had never known any haoles except Elmer and Marks and they were ice cold affairs. Everyone was always glad when their twice-a-month visit was pau. The very island seemed to sigh with relief […]

1946, Armine Von Tempski, Bright Spurs (page 122)

And the white guy who ate Rice-A-Roni with butter was the haole who didn’t speak pidgin or eat real rice.

2009年January18日，Lois-ann Yamanaka，“This Man Is an Island”, in New York Times:

Commerce was flourishing in the kingdom and the rising merchant class was made up largely of haole rather than Hawaiians.

2012, Julia Flynn Siler, Lost Kingdom, Grove Press, p. 27:


alpinist

(有時大寫) 登山家，尤指登高山者

The Swiss geologist and alpinist, Horace Bénédict de Saussure, the first to make the ascent of Mont Blanc (Aug. 3, 1787), is to have erected in his honor a statue in the village of Chamounix.

1885, "Notes and News," Science, vol. 5, no. 124, page 512:

A cross in the sky could have appeared. . . . The famous Alpinist Edward Whymper saw a similar effect on the Matterhorn.

2000, Oliver Nicholson, "Constantine's Vision of the Cross," Vigiliae Christianae, vol. 54, no. 3, page 311:

(滑雪、有時大寫) 高山滑雪者


lowing

(我們能否確認John Milton引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)

[…] the herd of four or five hundred cattle trotting homewards with loud lowings and bellowings […]

撒母耳說：「我耳中聽見有羊叫、牛鳴，是從哪裡來的呢？」

And Samuel said, What meaneth then this bleating of the sheep in mine ears, and the lowing of the oxen which I hear?


mec

mec liquor


ploughman

源自中古英語 plowman, ploghmon, plouȝman，等同於plough + man。對比中古荷蘭語 ploechman。


quartino

可以容納四分之一升葡萄酒的飲料瓶

We settled for quartinos of serviceable Chianti ($8.75) and pinot grigio ($8).

2009年August2日，Alice Gabriel，“Keeping It Simple, With an Eye on Tradition”, in New York Times:


ripon

源自城市名Ripon，該城出產馬刺多。


rowing

She and Ricketts — that's his father — just disgraced the neighbourhood with their rowings and their sprees […]


scurf

源自中古英語 [具體何詞?] ← 古英語 sceorf ← 原始日耳曼語 *skurf- (“咬”) ← 原始印歐語 *(s)ker- (“切”)。與德語 Schorf, 丹麥語 skurv, 瑞典語 skorv同源。

(我們能否確認Milton引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


sedge

源自中古英語 segge ← 古英語 seċġ ← 原始日耳曼語 *sagjaz ← 原始印歐語 *sak- (“沼澤植物”)。與荷蘭語 zegge, 德語 Segge, 方言德語Saher (“蘆葦”)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-sedge.wav


sedge

segge的另一種拼寫法


sempstress

This time was most dreadful for Lilian. Thrown on her own resources and almost penniless, she maintained herself and paid the rent of a wretched room near the hospital by working as a charwoman, sempstress, anything.

1918，W. B. Maxwell，章號 17, in The Mirror and the Lamp:

They were composed of a heterogeneous collection of men and women of the lower layers of society, workmen, sempstresses, night watchmen, farm-hands, mechanics and railway-workers – a laic image in sharp contrast to the bourgeois image produced in the cathedral.

1982, Lawrence Durrell, Constance, Faber & Faber 2004 (Avignon Quintet), p. 950:


seamster

源自中古英語 semster, semestre ← 古英語 sēamestre (“女裁縫”)，等同於seam + -ster。與低地蘇格蘭語 semistar, semstar (“裁縫”)同源。


shad

源自古英語 sceadd或（參見愛爾蘭語 sgadan (“鯡魚”)、ysgadan）或源自斯堪的納維亞語言（參見方言挪威語 skadd）。

Each river had its village and its iron bridge that the train crossed with a blast of its whistle, and the girls bathing in the icy water leaped like shad as it passed, unsettling travelers with their fleeting breasts.

2003, Edith Grossman, translator, Gabriel García Márquez, Living to Tell the Tale, Chapter 1


slandering

Here are the slanderings, too, going on at home; for, while the husbands are assembled, it would be hard if the wives were not to do the same; and the very least that is to be expected is, that the tea-pot should keep pace with the porter-pot […]

1862，William Cobbett，Advice to Young Men, and (incidentally) to Young Women:


civet cat

同civet (“果子狸”)。


speaking

源自中古英語 speking, spekinge，等同於speak + -ing。

I can read and understand most texts in German, but my speaking is awful.

我能閱讀和理解大多數德語文字，但是我說得不行。

Sometimes, a brawl would erupt, as a result, but, in general, public speakings were peaceful events and essential ingredients for election to office.

2011, Jimmie W. Greene, Samuel D. Perry, Bridge Builder (page 50)


tax collector

After the assessment has been made, the file passes to the tax collector.

評估完成後，文件會交給稅務員。


thane

源自中古英語 þein, thane, thein, theign ← 古英語 þæġn, þeġen, þegn ← 原始日耳曼語 *þegnaz (“男人；戰士”) ← 原始印歐語 *teke- (“生育”)。對比荷蘭語 degen, 德語 Degen, 古諾爾斯語 þegn, 古希臘語 τέκνον (téknon，“孩子”)。

諾曼前時代英格蘭的貴族等級，約等於男爵

The Anglo-Saxon thanes were in all respects the predecessors of the Norman barons.

1845, Johann Martin Lappenberg, Benjamin Thorpe (translator), A History of England under the Anglo-Saxon Kings, 2004, page 317,

The little island of Iona became the refuge of the sons and some thanes of Athelfrith, banished by Edwin.

1910, Robert A. Thompson, The People's History of England, Walter Scott Publishing, New York,

Although some serfs escape from their lord and turn away from Christendom to the Vikings and after this it happens that the clash of swords becomes common to thane and serf, if the serf utterly kills the thane, he lies unpaid by all of the serf's kin.

2000, Wulfstan, Robert Boenig (editor and translator), Sermo Lupi ad Anglos, Anglo-Saxon Spirituality: Selected Writings, page 144,


quakes

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-quakes.wav


trading

But thy riches and thy tradings, thy merchandise, and they who trade thy traffic, shall fall into the heart of the seas […]


unc

uncle (“叔叔，伯伯”)的縮略。

Then Pangborn would find him and ask him what he thought he was doing here. He would ask if Ace had a job. He didn't, and he couldn't even claim he had come back to visit his unc, because Pop had been in his junkshop when the place burned down.


wild animal

野獸（多指未馴服的陸上大型動物）


private parts

And what was it only one of the smutty yankee pictures Terry borrows off of Corny Kelleher. Secrets for enlarging your private parts.

1922 February，James Joyce，“[Episode 12: The Cyclops]”, in Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:


flumen

借自拉丁語 flumen (“河流”)。flume的雙詞。

:Template:分類 類似土星衛星泰坦上河流般特征的地形


hwan

借自朝鮮語 환 (hwan)。

韓國於1953年2月15日至1962年6月9日使用的貨幣名稱，作“圜”，是韓元的舊稱。


second to none

The heroin, which police officials said had been measured at purity levels as high as 80 percent, is being sold under brand names like Unforgettable, Second to None, Black Beauty and Al Capone.

1992 July 30, "Powerful Heroin Kills 20," New York Times (retrieved 24 June 2011):


spaw

The Aix-la-Chapelle Waters are drunk at this Day, more as Purgers, and Preparatives for the Spaw, […]

1728, Of Bathing in the Hot-baths, at Bathe


sooth

源自中古英語 sooth ← 古英語 sōþ (“真實（的）”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *sanþaz (“真實”) ← 原始印歐語 *h₁sónts, *h₁s-ont- (“存在，真實”) ← 原始印歐語 *h₁es- (“是”)。類似古撒克遜語 sōþ (“真實”), 古高地德語 sand (“真實”), 古諾爾斯語 sannr (“真實”), 哥特語 𐍃𐌿𐌽𐌾𐌰 (sunja，“真實”), 古英語 synn (“罪”)。參見sin。

(我們能否確認Spenser引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)

In sooth, I know not why I am so sad.

(我們可以確定引用的日期嗎？), 威廉·莎士比亞, Merchant of Venice, Act I, Scene 1

(我們能否確認Longfellow引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)

(我們能否確認Spenser引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


sough

源自中古英語 *sough, swough, swogh ← 中古英語 swoȝen, swowen ← 古英語 swōgan (“發出聲響，吼叫”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *swōganą ← 原始印歐語 *(s)weh₂gʰ-，對比拉丁語 vāgiō。與低地蘇格蘭語 souch, 冰島語 súgur同源。參見被代替的中古英語swei, sweȝ ← 古英語swēg。參見swoon。

The whispering leaves or solemn sough of the forest.

… Arthur; a fearful night it was: there was a sough in the air, a sound drawing nigh like that of a host marching:- — but you're looking pale and forwrought, man; is any thing ailing ye?

1829, John Carne, Stratton Hill: A Tale of the Civil Wars - Volume 1 - Page 131:

Syenite hears the distant sough of waves rolling against rocks, somewhere below the slope on which they lie.

2015, N. K. Jemisin, The Fifth Season - chapter 16:


sough

源自中古英語（參見低地蘇格蘭語 sheuch (“排走”)）；對比方言荷蘭語 zoeg (“排水口”)。

(我們能否查找並添加W. M. Buchanan引用過本詞的語句？)


swoon

源自中古英語 swoune, swone，源自動詞。

"I felt my strength fading away, and I was in a half swoon. How long this horrible thing lasted I know not, but it seemed that a long time must have passed before he took his foul, awful, sneering mouth away. I saw it drip with the fresh blood!"


twain

源自中古英語 tweyne, tweien, twaine ← 古英語 twēġen m (“二”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *twai ← 原始印歐語 *dwóh₁。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 twäin, 低地德語 twene, 德語 zween, 瑞典語 tvenne同源。參見two。
本詞起源自中古英語詞性失去時期，作為two的形式之一，尤用於名詞後。現代用法留存於欽定版聖經、婚禮詞、詩歌（作韻尾）。


wast

源自晚期中古英語 wast；等同於was + -est。


thee

字母 ⟨(⟩，皮特曼速記中表示th的/ð/音。


tej

借自阿姆哈拉語 ጠጀ (ṭäǧä，“蜂蜜酒”)。

埃塞俄比亞、厄立特里亞的一種蜂蜜酒。


ure

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 *eure, 古法語 uevre（現代法語 œuvre），源自拉丁語 opera (“工作”)。opera的雙詞。

:Template:舊(僅用於短語 in ure, out of ure) 實施

I cannot vtter any more, for words waxe out of vre

1567, Arthur Golding (translator), The XV Bookes of P. Ouidius Naso, entytuled Metamorphosis, Book 2,

But come, let vs be sure of this, to put the best in vre

c. 1611, George Chapman (translator), The Iliads of Homer, London: Nathaniell Butter, Book 17, p. 248,


atter

源自中古英語 atter, ater ← 古英語 āttor, ǣttor, ātor (“毒”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *aitrą (“腺”) ← 原始印歐語 *ayd-, *oyd- (“腫，瘤”)。與低地蘇格蘭語 attir (“腐爛之物，膿”), 低地蘇格蘭語 atter, etter (“毒”), 設得蘭語eter (“毒，重感冒”), 薩特弗里斯蘭語 Atter (“膿”), 荷蘭語 etter (“膿”), 德語 Eiter (“毒，膿”), 丹麥語 edder, ædder (“毒”), 瑞典語 etter (“毒，膿”), 挪威語 eiter (“毒”), 冰島語 eitur (“毒”)同源。


aal

印度桑樹 (Morinda citrifolia, Morinda tinctoria)

用這種植物的根製得的染料


addle

源自中古英語 adel (“腐爛的”) ← 古英語 adel, adela (“泥潭，水池，液肥”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *adalaz, *adalô (“牛糞，液肥”)。類似低地蘇格蘭語 adill, 北弗里斯蘭語 ethel (“尿”), 薩特弗里斯蘭語 adel (“糞便”), 中古低地德語 adele (“泥，液肥”) (荷蘭語 aal (“水窪”)), 古瑞典語 adel (“尿”)，巴伐利亞語 Adel (“液肥”)。


octadecanes

octadecane (“十八烷的多种同分异构体的总称或混合物”) 的複數


alta

印度女性在節慶時塗在腳上的孟加拉紅染料


altyn

源自俄語 алты́н (altýn) ← 韃靼語 алтын (altın，“金”)或алты (altı，“六”)。

中亞地區古代的一種貨幣單位


amma

與古典敘利亞語 ܐܡܐ (emma), 印地語 अम्मा (ammā), 馬拉雅拉姆語 അമ്മ (amma), 卡納達語 ಅಮ್ಮ (amma，“母親”) 泰盧固語 అమ్మ (amma，“母親”), 僧加羅語 අම්මා (ammā，“母親”), 泰米爾語 அம்மா (ammā，“母親”)有關。

廣泛用於說英語的僑民社群。


amma

源自晚期拉丁語 amma；對比西班牙語 ama, 德語 Amme, 巴斯克語 ama。


andro

Even more tardy, baseball ultimately banned andro.

2009年January13日，George Vecsey，“Voters Cannot Forgive or Forget Suspicions of McGwire’s Drug Use”, in New York Times:


angst

借自德語 Angst或丹麥語 angst；最早見於19世紀Siegmund Freud、Søren Kierkegaard著作的翻譯。最開始首字母大寫（同德語、同期的丹麥語），1940-1944年開始首字母小寫。源自中古高地德語 angest ← 古高地德語 angust ← 原始日耳曼語 *angustiz；與荷蘭語 angst同源。對比瑞典語 ångest。

I've begun to regret that we'd ever met / Between the dimensions. / It gets such a strain to pretend that the change / Is anything but cheap. / With your infant pique and your angst pretensions / Sometimes you act like such a creep.

Harry's adolescence is theatrical and gaudy, and many of its key scenes have a lurid and camp quality that is appropriate to the exaggerated mood-shifting and self-dramatizing of teen angst.

2007, Martyn Bone, Perspectives on Barry Hannah (page 3)


anker

源自荷蘭語 anker。

:Template:舊 葡萄酒計量單位，相當於10 加侖


antic

可能源自意大利語 antico (“古代的；奇異的”)，指古代的壁畫，源自拉丁語 antiquus。參見grottesco (“怪誕的”)。antique的雙詞。

And fraught with antics as the Indian bird / That writhes and chatters in her wiry cage.

1814, William Wordsworth, The Excursion, Book the sixth

I've 'ad about enough of you and your antics. I been thinking you over, you and your war and your Empire and all the rot of it. Rot it is! […] And all for nothin'. Jest silly prancing! Jest because you've got the uniforms and flags! Then you get […] all your silly fleet smashed up to rags. And you want to go on prancin' now! Look at the mischief you done! Look at the way you smashed up New York — the people you killed, the stuff you wasted. Can't you learn?

1908, H. G. Wells, The War in the Air, chapter IX, section 7

I saw the barren horror of your people's leisure with the million entertained by the antics of a tiny few[…]

Pintsize: Wait, don’t you want to know why I’m tied up and hanging from the ceiling? / Faye: Not really. Nighty night! / Pintsize: Shit! My wacky antics have jumped the shark!

2007, Jeph Jacques, Time To Add A Cute Kid To The Cast Questionable Content Number 951

The Grave-maker, like the professional fools and Falstaff, and like Hamlet himself, is an antic, a grotesque, one who demonstrates to men how foolish and

1978，Walter C. Foreman，The Music of the Close: The Final Scenes of Shakespeare's Tragedies，頁 90:


araba

源自土耳其語 araba。

古代土耳其的一種馬車車廂


arba

araba的另一種拼寫法


parle

源自古法語 parler (“說”)，源自晚期拉丁語 *parabolō。

[Julia:] Of all the fair resort of gentlemen that every day with parle encounter me, in thy opinion which is worthiest love?

(Can we date this quote?)，William Shakespeare，Two Gentlemen of Verona, Act I, scene ii:

[Horatio:] So frowned he once, when in an angry parle / He smote the angry Polacks on the ice

(Can we date this quote?)，William Shakespeare，Hamlet, Act I, scene i:


ulus

源自俄語 улу́с (ulús) ← 雅庫特語 улуус (uluus)。

俄羅斯薩哈共和國的一種分區


JAV

Japanese adult video (“日本成人影片”) 之首字母縮略詞。


ase

源自約魯巴語 àshe。


askari

源自斯瓦希里語 askari (“士兵”) ← 阿拉伯語 عَسْكَرِيّ (ʕaskariyy)。

東非一種軍事/警察部隊的成員，多指為殖民當局服務的


asker

源自ask (“蠑螈”)加一後綴。

(英格蘭、威爾士方言) 蠑螈 （自14世紀）

Great crested newts, “askers”, used to be common in the Marshwood Vale.


aul

借自俄語 ау́л (aúl)，源自西（克普恰克）突厥語族 awul, awïl；對比卡拉恰伊-巴爾卡爾語 ауул (awul), 巴什基爾語 ауыл (awïl), 哈薩克語 ауыл (auyl), 土耳其語 ağıl。

高加索、中亞、南烏拉爾等地的一種村莊營地

His sorrel face, his long narrow eyes and dusty boots, where he goes on his travels and what really transpires inside the lonely hide tents Out There, among the auls, out in that wind, these are mysteries they don’t care to enter or touch.

1973，Thomas Pynchon，Gravity's Rainbow，New York, N.Y.: Viking Press, →ISBN:

Bitter fighting took place for Gimry, the home both of Khadzhi-Murat and Shamil. A highway ran along here, which permitted us to bring up artillery and to subject the aul to preliminary bombardment. We did not fire at any specific target, but if even half of our thirteen hundred shells had landed there, there would have been only a heap of ruins in place of the aul.

1993，Eduard M[artynovich] Dune，Diane P. Koenker and S[tephen] A[nthony] Smith, translators and editors，Notes of a Red Guard，Urbana, Chicago, Ill.: University of Illinois Press, →ISBN，頁 221:

Crossing the large plateau, they passed the auls of Megeb and Chokh before reaching Gunib, a significant Avar settlement. […] The Avar auls were surrounded by a virtually uninterrupted circle of mountain ranges and occupied most of the plateaus between the tributaries of the Sulak River: Andi Koysu, Avar Koysu and Kara Koysu.

2011，Michael Khodarkovsky，“Journey through the Northeast Caucasus”, in Bitter Choices: Loyalty and Betrayal in the Russian Conquest of the North Caucasus，Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, →ISBN，頁 55:


aul

[…] and his master shall bore his ear through with an aul […]


auton

(科幻) 一種機械或機器人，

Not far away in the woods the Auton had been standing motionless under a tree. It was shaped like a man but it was not human.

1974, Terrance Dicks, Doctor Who and the Auton Invasion, page 55

Juan made seven attempts to pervert the auton. One involved twelve hundred years of careful observation, timing the failure of various subsystems, maneuvering the auton into a position where he might take control and get transportation to resources in near space..

1986, Vernor Vinge, Marooned in Realtime

"The Metrologan Order built the auton that was Ninth. How can you be so sure that she was not so well crafted that she really did have her own will?"

2002, Sean McMullen, Voyage of the Shadowmoon, page 461


ava

[…] the schooners plying up the coast for wood and ava and bananas.

1891, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Bottle Imp


avaz

源自波斯語 آواز (âvâz)。

:Template:音樂 波斯音樂的一個聲部


ayin

源自原始閃米特語 *ʿayn- (“眼”)，可能通過希伯來語 עַיִן (ʿáyin)。

閃米特語族文字的第16個字母的名稱（如腓尼基文、希伯來文、敘利亞文、阿拉伯文）

Ayin is the most difficult of the faucals.


koumiss

通過法語 koumis, 德語 Kumiss，源自俄語 кумы́с (kumýs)，借自突厥語族語言。對比韃靼語 кымыз (qımız), 哈薩克語 қымыз (qymyz), 吉爾吉斯語 кымыз (kımız), 北阿爾泰語 кымыс (kïmïs), 土耳其語 kımız, 阿塞拜疆語 qımız。

Here, for example—a Scythian koumiss vessel, third century B.C. You can clearly see the Greek influence, especially in the friezework.

2006，Thomas Pynchon，Against the Day，Vintage 2007，頁 688:

[Of a Persian wine] One name for this wine was 黑水晶 "black crystal"; it has also been confused with koumiss.

1898，Herbert Allen Giles，A Chinese Biographical Dictionary，頁 12:


kumisz

koumiss的另一種拼寫法


imaginer

Although Simmons, as a professional purveyor of horror and fantasy, is no dim imaginer, he has his work cut out for him.

2007年March18日，Terrence Rafferty，“Ice Men”, in New York Times:


azat

借自古典亞美尼亞語 ազատ (azat)。

中世紀亞美尼亞的中下層貴族。


baa

對比德語 bäh, mäh。

[bæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀæ̰ˀ]


baa

源自阿拉伯語 بَاء (bāʔ)。


bandari

源自波斯語 بندری (bandari)。


banya

源自俄語 ба́ня f (bánja)。

The Russian public steam bath (banya) is a cultural hybrid which borrows freely from the Finnish sauna and the Turkish political detention centre.

1986，Marc Polonsky，Russell Taylor，USSR, From an Original Idea by Karl Marx，Faber and Faber, →ISBN:


vatu

源自斐濟語 vatu (“石頭”)。

The unit of currency is the vatu (VUV) with no minor unit. There are coins of 1, 2, 5, 10, 50 and 100 vatu, and notes of 100, 500, 1,000 and 5,000 vatu. In March 1996 UK£1 = 172 vatu; US$1 = 113 vatu and DM1 = 76.38 vatu.

1998, Ademuni Odeke, Bareboat Charter (Ship) Registration, page 355,

In November 1998 the Reserve Bank reintroduced the SRD^([Statutory Reserve Deposit]) at the rate of 10 percent on vatu deposits and reduced the PRA^([Prescribed Reserve Asset]) to 6 percent.

2000, International Monetary Fund, IMF Staff Country Report 00/129 Vanuatu - Recent Economic Developments, page 14,

One estimate in 2007 for the total value of cattle heads sold was 135 million vatu; cattle were first introduced into the area from Australia by British planter James Paddon.

2007, Island States: Small Island States Handbook, Volume 1: Development Strategy and Programs, International Business Publications, USA, page 145,


vato

借自西班牙語 vato，源自chivato。該詞一般由墨西哥西北部的人（錫那羅亞、索諾拉、赤瓦瓦、下加利福尼亞）使用。


bairam

源自土耳其語 bayram。


baas

‘That's not what I'm complaining about, Baas,’ said Gordon.

1979, André Brink, A Dry White Season, Vintage 1998, p. 40:

‘Excuse me, baas,’ she said, 'you have knowing eyes.'

1932, George Bernard Shaw, The Adventures of the Black Girl in her Search for God, Hesperus Press Limited 1961, p. 11:


secession

源自拉丁語 sēcessiō (“脫離”)。

That year, secession was enacted on account of unreasonable policies.


roux

油面酱，用於增稠醬料和燉菜


tegu

树栖蜥（Tupinambis屬下的蜥蜴）


bestie

You're supposed to be my bestie, Mel. We used to tell each other everything. So what's this Toby secret you can't tell me?

2007，Brigid Lowry，Things You Either Hate Or Love:

Even back then, a party just wasn't a party without my bestie, and I was miserable for the last eight frames.

2008, Julie Kraut, Shallon Lester, Hot Mess: Summer in the City

On the way home, I got a joke text from my bestie.


bijel

一種有固體粒子的雙連續結構乳濁液


binom

一般用於亞洲語言的研究者，多見於指漢語、日語。

The latter, somewhat stiffer, version appears to enjoy particular favor when the AN is a binom of Chinese origin modifying another Chinese binom and the two words are either optionally combinable into a compound noun (by dropping the copula nó/ná together with its juncture and applying the proper examples where ná is replaced by nó under other circumstances, such as those given earlier for -teki and the following examples:

2004，Samuel Elmo Martin，A Reference Grammar of Japanese, →ISBN，頁 766:

It a meaning is expressed in a particular language like English with the help of a binom, newspaper, and in another particular language like German by a mononom Zeitung, the heteronomic morphology is usually more voluminous (9 phongrams against 7).

2013，P. Kümmel，Formalization of Natural Languages, →ISBN:

The prototypical Sino-Japanese word is a binom, that is, a word written with two kanji, each kanji representing a Sino-Japanese morph. It is not difficult to find examples of rendaku affecting Singo-Japanese binoms, and a few are listed in (23).

2015，Haruo Kubozono，Handbook of Japanese Phonetics and Phonology, →ISBN，頁 419:


extreme sport

Base-jumping is called an extreme sport, but I think it should be called an insane sport.

高空跳傘被稱為是一種“極限運動”，但我認為應該叫做“瘋狂運動”。


biscotti

意式脆餅，源自托斯卡納的cantuccio。

If you like your biscottis to be softer, keep them refrigerated.

2000，Nick Ligidakis，My Private Collection, →ISBN，頁 77:


sexual orientation

There are more sexual orientations than simple homosexuality and heterosexuality.

性取向有很多種，不止同性戀和異性戀。


ex-boyfriend

I wish my ex-boyfriend wouldn't text me so often!

我希望前男友不要那麼頻繁發信息給我！


boba

源自官話 波霸 (bōbà)，源自粵語 波霸 (bo1 baa3)，波 (bo1)源自英語 ball。

boba tea (“波霸奶茶，珍珠奶茶”)的縮略。


indicative mood

(語法):Template:分類 陳述語氣，直陳語氣


bor

可能源自古英語 ġebūr (“農民，貧農”)。


caciocavallo

借自意大利語 caciocavallo ← cacio (“奶酪”) + a cavallo (“馬背上的”)。

馬背奶酪，一種意大利南部的奶酪，類似provolone。


bucca

康沃爾傳說中的一個海靈，住在礦井中和海邊。

a fabled menagerie of fairies, buccas, sprites and giants

2008, Oliver Berry, Belinda Dixon, Devon, Cornwall & Southwest England (page 273)


bourn

(我們能否確認Edmund Spenser引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


buz

As soon as a general buz gave him shelter, he added, in a low voice directed at Fanny, …

1814, Jane Austen, Mansfield Park, Chapter 25.

The buz of flies has been found no less difficult to explain than the hum of bees.

1831, James Rennie, Insect Architecture: Volume 3 (page 90)


bwana

借自斯瓦希里語 bwana (“主人”)，源自阿拉伯語 أَبُونَا (ʔabūnā，“我們的父親”)。參見abbot。


buro

借自法語 bureau (“桌 ←桌布”)，源自古法語 burel (“羊毛布”)，*bure的指小詞（對比中古法語 bure (“羊毛粗布”), 法語 bourre (“毛髮，絨毛”))，源自晚期拉丁語 burra (“羊毛，絨毛，破爛的衣服，粗纖維”)；對比古希臘語βερβέριον (berbérion，“破爛的衣服”)。

… an employment buro said on Tuesday. The retrenchments took place between November last year and March 1998, the Employment Buro of Africa's regional manager, Chris Hechter said.

1998年May13日，“More than 9000 Basotho Gold Miners Retrenched”, in ANC Dailey News Briefing, retrieved 2012-09-14:

… a member of both the council of ministers and the Cuban Communist Party's political buro.

2008年February19日，Alejandro López de Haro, Jr.，“Fidel Castro Steps Down”, in Ground Report, retrieved 2012-09-14:

桌（一般有桌布和用來放紙的抽屜）

Mrs. Arp opens her school and stands 'em up by the buro to say their lessons.

1902，Bill Arp，From the Uncivil War to Date，第HTML版, Univ. of North Carolina, 出版於 1998:

And I went up into the spare chamber, and sort o' fixed Philury's things to the best advantage; for I knew the neighbors would be in to look at 'em. And I was a standin' there as calm and happy as the buro or table, ...

1885，Marietta Holley，Sweet Cicely，第Online版, The Gutenberg Project, 出版於 2005:

One can only speculate about the appearance of the "New-fashion buro" advertised for sale in the Boaton Gazette of May 1, 1750.

1998 May，Phil D. Zimmerman，“The Stratford, Connecticut, bureau table: A re-examination”, in Antiques，卷 153, 期 5，頁 740:


abolitionism

/ˌæb.əˈlɪʃ.əˌnɪz.m̩/

廢奴主義 （最早見於19世紀早期。）


calzone

源自意大利語 calzone。

卡爾佐內，一種意大利式食物


cantal

Cantal的首字母小寫形。


cavan

源自西班牙語 caván ← 他加祿語 kaban。又稱為 "Manila cavan"，（宿霧語） "provincial cavan"。

(菲律賓、多用於馬尼拉) 一種容積單位，相當於 2.3 蒲式耳（美製）

一種容積單位，相當於義1“馬尼拉cavan”的1.5倍

(菲律賓):Template:舊 一種質量單位，相當於50千克。


chacha

借自格魯吉亞語 ჭაჭა (č̣ač̣a)。


chacha

和另一種古巴音樂cha-cha (“一般所說的恰恰”)無關。

一種源自海地的古巴音樂，用於打節奏


kat

古埃及的一種重量單位，相當於十五分之一常衡磅


katal

源自古希臘語 κατάλυσις (katálusis，“解體”) ← καταλύω (katalúō，“使解體”) ← κατά (katá，“向下”) + λύω (lúō，“釋放”)。

開特（酶活性單位），符號為kat。


khaya

源自恩古尼語群語言 khaya (“家”)。


khaya

借自沃洛夫語 khaye (“非洲紅木”)。


mouton

借自法語 mouton (“綿羊”)。

14世紀法國的一種金幣，大約重70格令


mundu

源自馬拉雅拉姆語 മുണ്ട് (muṇṭŭ)。

一種像腰布，繫在腰間的衣物，用於印度西南部和馬爾代夫。


nina

源自人名Nina，指卡通畫家Al Hirschfield常在畫中隱藏他女兒 Nina的名字。

The puzzle itself was fairly easy however there was an elegant nina based on the middle entry (INSIDE STORY) in which each of the across answers hid a synonym of "story", e.g. 5A and 6A were: STABle gendER.

2008年April1日，Ilan Caron，“Guardian Cryptic Crossword No. 24350 set by Brendan”, in rec.puzzles.crosswords (Usenet):

Ninas may or may not be present and, even if one is there, it can go unnoticed because, not being intrinsic to the solution, its presence is not advertised—or because it is so well hidden.

2014年August10日，Brian Bethune，“The crossword’s meandering 100-year journey”, in Maclean's:

Other “personal” ninas are happier and subtler: birthday wishes to loved ones, which, ultimately, have only one intended reader

2014, Alan Connor, The Crossword Century: 100 Years of Witty Wordplay, Ingenious Puzzles, and Linguistic Mischief, Penguin ISBN 9780698157019


old man

俚語義一般都不會當面使用，那會顯得很沒禮貌。

:Template:舊 對男性朋友的稱呼。

“Don't mention it, old man,” I responded courteously.

'Coming up, coming up, coming up,' Pop said. 'There you are, Charley, old man. Larkin Special. Don't ask what's in it. Don't stare at it. Don't think. Just drink it down. In ten minutes you'll feel perfick again.'

1958, H. E. Bates, The Darling Buds of May


poule

妞兒 （自20世紀20年代）

It was a warm spring night and I sat at a table on the terrace of the Napolitain after Robert had gone, watching […] the poules going by, singly and in pairs, looking for the evening meal.

1926, 歐內斯特·海明威, The Sun Also Rises, Folio Society 2008, p. 40:

‘Where are the Delages taking you?’ ‘Dinner at…somewhere terribly smart. They'll pretend I'm a poule they picked up in the street.’

2000, J·G·巴拉德, Super-Cannes, Fourth Estate 2011, p. 369:


wila

源自舒什瓦普語 wíle (“樹上長的黑色地衣”)。

Bryoria fremontii，北美原住民所食用的一種暗褐色的地衣


savour

借自古法語 savour，源自拉丁語 sapor (“味道”)，源自sapiō (“有……的味道”)。

He held out to me a bowl of steaming broth, that filled the room with a savour sweeter, ten thousand times, to me than every rose and lily of the world; yet would not let me drink it at a gulp, but made me sip it with a spoon like any baby.

1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet, Ch.5:

1914，Louis Joseph Vance，章號 I, in Nobody，New York, N.Y.: George H[enry] Doran Company, 出版於 1915, →OCLC:

(我們能否確認Richard Baxter引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)

(我們能否確認George Herbert引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


tarantula

:Template:多個圖像
源自中世紀拉丁語 tarantula ← 古意大利語 tarantola ← 古意大利語 Taranto (“塔蘭托”) ← 拉丁語 Tarentum ← 古希臘語 Τάρᾱς (Tárās) (對比現代希臘語 Τάραντας (Tárantas)，意大利語 Tarde (塔蘭泰諾方言)), 可能源自伊利里亞語 *darandos (“櫟樹”)。
義3 (“歐狼蛛，Lycosa tarantula”) 是本詞的本義。義1 (“捕鳥蛛”)是現在的主要用法，可能源自西班牙語 tarántula (“歐狼蛛”)。

/təˈɹænt͡ʃʊlə/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-tarantula.wav

/təˈɹænt͡ʃələ/

Cockroaches, centipedes, tarantulas, scorpions, and mosquitoes are abundant in summer. [...] Tarantulas and scorpions are little noticed by those who have been there any length of time.

1857，John Askew，章號 II, in A Voyage to Australia & New Zealand, including a Visit to Adelaide, Melbourne, Sydney, Hunter’s River, Newcastle, Maitland, and Auckland; […]，London: Simpkin, Marshall, & Co.; Cockermouth, Cumbria: D. Fidler, […], →OCLC，頁 100:

In the southern portions of the State we have met with specimens of brown tarantula weighing a full Troy ounce, but these were of unusual size. The wood tarantula is the largest of all, occasional specimens weighing an ounce and a half, inhabits dead wood, is very active on a warm day, is found of sunning himself, and is quite courageous, leaping on a large lizard, with a perfect recklessness of consequences. [From the Alta California.]

1873年May3日，“The Tarantula—an Interesting Native of California”, in Friends' Intelligencer，卷 XXX, 期 10, Philadelphia, Pa.: John Comly, publishing agent, […]; Merrihew & Son, printers, […], 出版於 1873–1874, →OCLC，頁 156，列 2:

Visitors to Southern Arizona find the privacy of their homes invaded in a delightfully free and easy way by the original settlers of that region, namely the scorpions, centipedes, tarantulas, etc. [...]

1910 November，C. L. Edholm，“A Queer Pet”, in Popular Mechanics Magazine，卷 14, 期 5, Chicago, Ill.: Popular Mechanics Co., →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 616，列 2:

The best tarantulas for cooking are the Thai Zebra variety (Haplopelma albostriatum). These are very common in Cambodia, Thailand and Malaysia, where they are a popular fast food (and one that children love to hunt for). You can go to a Cambodian market and buy live, defanged tarantulas by the dozen from huge wicker baskets, ready to take home and cook.

2014，Bear Grylls，“Insects (and Other Creepy Crawlies)”, in Extreme Food: What to Eat when Your Life Depends on It，London: Bantam Press, →ISBN; 再版 London: Corgi Books, Transworld Publishers, 2015, →ISBN, part 3 (The Whole Hog)，頁s 216–217:

The small funnel-web tarantulas are sedentary but notable for their aggressiveness and the strong action of their venom on human beings. A. robustus and formidabilis have caused human deaths.

1971，Wolfgang Bücherl，“Spiders”, in Venomous Animals and Their Venoms，卷 III (Venomous Invertebrates), New York, N.Y., London: Academic Press, →ISBN, section IV (Description, Distribution, and Biology of Dangerous Species)，頁 225:

tergites: dorsal sclerites on the body; the hard plates on the abdomen of the atypical tarantulas that indicate segmentation

2009，“Glossary”, in Spiders of India，Himayatnagar, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh: Universities Press (India), →ISBN，頁 428:

The name "tarantula" is also mistakenly applied to other large-bodied spiders, and the "dwarf tarantulas". Both are classified in different families. Huntsman spiders of the family have also been termed "tarantulas" because of their large size.

2016年March29日，Josephine-De-France，“The Vicious”, in And Then There Are Bitches，Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN:

:Template:舊 塔蘭圖拉（歐狼蛛, Lycosa tarantula） （自16世紀中期）

Many men catch this malady [i.e., melancholy] by [...] ſtinging with that kind of ſpider called Tarantula; [...] Their ſymptomes are merrily deſcribed by Iovianus Pontanus. Ant. dial. how they daunce alogether, and are cured by Muſick.

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，“An Heape of Other Accidents Causing Melancholy. Death of Friends, Losses, &c.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 1, section 2, member 4, subsection 7，頁 151:

I must confess they're my favorite. So bright. They quickly recognize individuals. And they respond to kindness. All tarantulae do. That's why your little Lycosa made such a good pet, Robin.

1996，Jonathan Kellerman，章號 7, in The Web (Alex Delaware; 10)，New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →ISBN; 再版 London: Headline Publishing Group, 2008, →ISBN:


tranquilliser

tranquilizer在非牛津版英式拼法的标准拼写


tutti

源自意大利語 tutti ← 拉丁語 totus (“全部”)。

Even so, the orchestra endowed tuttis with a positively radiant glow.

2008年February19日，Steve Smith，“Hispanic Classics Flavor a New York Debut”, in New York Times:


wari

西非播棋，一種播棋遊戲。


chaga

借自俄語 ча́га (čága)。

東歐傳統醫學中，白樺茸的入藥部分


tache

Alone I cared for our mother who did little else but stare at taches on floor and ceiling.

1993, Rikki Ducornet, The Jade Cabinet, Dalkey Archive Press, p. 95:


tache

參見tack (“大頭釘”)。

And thou shalt make fiftie taches of gold, and couple the curtaines together with the taches: and it shall be one tabernacle.


workload

:Template:計算機 一定时间内计算机的处理总量；工作负载。


clavis

源自拉丁語 clāvis。參見clef。

Iron clavis, the solid web-shaped at the edges to fit the wards in the lock, and having a pointed broach and a kite-formed looped haft.

1873, "Proceedings", April 9th, Journal of the British Archaeological Association, 29: 202

His hands were restrained by means of a clavis and bolt (of iron), appropriated to each wrist, and united by a padlock.

1904, Luther V. Bell, quoted in The Arena, 32: 540

Homer, with a clavis, I have had possession of some years.

1784, William Cowper, in [1836] Robert Southey (ed.), The Works of William Cowper, with a Life of the Author, volume V, page 54


clipeus

昆蟲上颚與甲殼之間的外骨骼


counter-attack

Liverpool should really have taken the lead on 33 minutes. A lightning quick counter-attack was led by Jordan Henderson down the right.

2012年August23日，Alasdair Lamont，“Hearts 0-1 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:


coup d'état

coups d'état (plural)
coup d'états (plural)

The military of Myanmar overthrew the country’s fragile democratic government in a coup d'état on Monday, arresting civilian leaders, shutting off the internet and cutting off flights.

緬甸軍方週一發動政變，推翻了脆弱的民主政府，逮捕了文職領導人，切斷了互聯網和航班。

2021年February2日，Russell Goldman，“Myanmar’s Coup, Explained [六個關鍵問題，快速了解緬甸政變]”, in 紐約時報:


coup d'etat

coups d'etat (plural)
coup d'etats (plural)

The truth of the axiom that there is nothing so successful as success, is more conclusively proved by the Coup d’Etat of Louis Napoleon than by any other event of the period.

1870 October, R.H. Stoddard, “Literature at Home”, reprinted in Putnam’s Magazine. Original Papers of Literature, Science, Art, and National Interests. New Series: Sixth Volume, July—November 1870, 1870, G. P. Putnam and Sons, page 460

These documents throw light on many features of the coup d’etat of December 2, 1851, and the plebiscite which followed it.

1904, Frank Maloy Anderson [ed.], The Constitutions and Other Select Documents Illustrative of the History of France, 1789–1901, The H. W. Wilson Company, number 111, page 538

[Chapter] 14. Coup d’Etat

2005, Kenneth D. Ackerman, Boss Tweed: The Rise and Fall of the Corrupt Pol Who Conceived the Soul of Modern New York, Carroll & Graf Publishers, ISBN 078671686X


creo

Nelson is just about the only creationist who makes some effort at presenting his ideas in legitimate scientific venues, but Pharyngula does a good job of showing why creo's don't do well in such situations.

2004年August2日，Jason，“Around the Blogs”, in Evolutionblog:

Anytime you want to debate an intelligent creo instead of the AiG YEC morons I will promptly oblige you.

2005年March24日，Ray Martinez，“Re: Natural Selection”, in talk.origins (Usenet), message-ID <1111718471.043282.17720@l41g2000cwc.googlegroups.com>:

And of course the creos will say that whatever they find is evidence for a young universe.

2007年September10日，Nick Matzke，“Iapetus flyby today!”, in Panda's Thumb:

In Texas, for example, a creo-dominated board of education in 2009 successfully shoehorned creationist language into the life and earth sciences standards.

2010年December17日，“Top Ten Evolution Stories of 2010”, in National Center for Science Education:


pseudoword

(語言學):Template:分類 假詞：符合真詞的特征，但並非詞


non-word

非詞：不具有正常詞彙的一般特征


cuisinier

The servants, though much amused at my appearance, pitied me, while the cuisinier, doing his best to soothe me, made clear the reason of the disturbance.

1859, Thomas William J. Connolly, The Romance of the Ranks


culler

挑選者 挑選器具的調查員

挑選者 殺掉部分動物，以使其數量下降

Outside the usual occupational groups at risk for such diseases (farmers, veterinarians, animal handlers, cullers), anyone with regular animal contact, such as pet owners and those who keep livestock species near their home, may be at risk.

2014, David L. Katz, James F. Jekel, Jekel's Epidemiology, Biostatistics, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health


torii

源自日語 鳥居 (torii)。


assailant

源自古法語 asaillant，源自動詞asaillir (“跳上”)，源自拉丁語 assaliō，源自ad (“朝，向”) + saliō (“跳”)。

In the village of Aqraba, the Sheikh Saadeh Mosque was set on fire before the assailants graffitied the words “price tag” and “revenge” on its walls.
（請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）

2018, Edo Konrad, "Living in the constant shadow of settler violence", +972 Magazine:


foreign language

Irish courts will hear cases in English or Gaelic, but speakers of foreign languages must find an interpreter.

The children struggled in their Welsh lessons because they didn't have any experience of foreign languages.


dagen

degen的另一種拼寫法


ard

起於20世紀，借自挪威語 ard (“犁”)，源自古諾爾斯語 arðr ← 原始日耳曼語 *arþrą ← 原始印歐語 *h₂érh₃trom。


film noir

借自法語 film noir，1946年由法國電影評論家尼诺·弗兰克提出。

film noirs (plural)
films noirs (plural)

During this period his own films were being studied alongside classic film noir together with European arthouse cinema and the works of directors from around the world.

2017, Ian Brookes, Film Noir: A Critical Introduction, Bloomsbury Publishing USA (ISBN 9781780933177)


café noir

不加牛奶或奶油的咖啡，多指黑咖啡


dawa

源自斯瓦希里語 dawa (“藥”)。

(東非) （巫師給的）藥

(肯尼亞) 一種用伏特加、蜂蜜、酸橙汁做的雞尾酒


sene

My selfe have found by experience, that radish rootes are windie, and senie-leaves breede loosenes in the belly.

1603，Michel de Montaigne，章號 37, in John Florio（譯者）, The Essayes […]，book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:


sene

源自薩摩亞語 sene，源自英語 cent。


ova

借自拉丁語 ova，ovum (“蛋”)的複數。

(科學用語) ovum 的複數


daf

源自波斯語或阿拉伯語 دَف (daf)，源自中古波斯語 𐭣𐭯 (dap)。

:Template:音樂:Template:分類 達甫，中東地區的民族打擊樂器。

MOHAMMAD REZA SHAJARIAN (Thursday) Renowned in his native Iran, the vocalist Mohammad Reza Shajarian has been performing since the 1960s, and is now widely considered one of the finest classical Persian singers in the world. Mr. Shajarian’s son, Homayoun Shajarian, will provide additional vocals and tombak (goblet drum), while Ensemble Ava, a four-piece, will contribute additional instrumentation on the ancient Persian instruments barbat (short-necked lute), tar (long-necked lute), kamancheh (spike fiddle) and daf (frame drum).

2008年May30日，The New York Times，“Pop and Rock Listings”, in New York Times:


defter

源自土耳其語 defter ← 阿拉伯語 دَفْتَر (daftar) ← 亞拉姆語 דהפתּיר (defter) ← 古希臘語 διφθέρα (diphthéra)。參見letter。

奧斯曼帝國時期的稅務登記簿


demain

:Template:舊 自留地（尤指征服者威廉的）


denar

馬其頓第納爾，可分為100 deni


awn

源自中古英語 aw(u)ne, agune, agene ← 古丹麥語 aghn (對比現代丹麥語 avne)，源自原始日耳曼語 *aganō, *ahanō (“chaff”) (對比古英語 ægnan, 荷蘭語 agen, 德語 Ahne, Agen)，源自原始印歐語 *aḱanā (對比拉丁語 agna (“麥穗”), 立陶宛語 ašni̇̀s (“邊緣，刀刃”), 捷克語 osina, 古希臘語 ἄκαινα (ákaina，“尖刺”), ἄκανος (ákanos，“松針”), 梵語 अशनि (aśani，“雷電，箭頭”)，源自原始印歐語 *h₂eḱ- (“尖的”)。參見edge。


eroteme

源自古希臘語 ἐρώτημα (erṓtēma)。

The value of the eroteme as a sign of pause, is stated very differently by different grammarians.... J.S. Hart avers, that, "A question is reckoned as equal to a complete sentence, and the mark of interrogation as equal to a period."

1858, Goold Brown, The Grammar of English Grammars, fourth edition, Samuel S. and William Wood, page 798,

The note of interrogation or eroteme is used at the end of a sentence to designate (1) a single question or (2) more, and (3) is sometimes written in parentheses to express a doubt or challenge the accuracy of a statement.

1913, Frank H. Vizetelly, The Preparation of Manuscripts for the Printer, fifth revised edition, Funk & Wagnalls Company, page 50,

On the typewriter keyboard, just below the question mark (the eroteme, note of interrogation, or uncertainty sign), there appears a short, slanting stroke […]

1965, Dmitri A. Borgmann, Language on Vacation: An Olio of Orthographical Oddities, Scribner, page 240,


ecphoneme

The Ecphoneme, or Note of Exclamation, is used to denote а pause with some strong emotion of admiration, joy, grief, or other feeling; and, as a sign of great wonder, it is sometimes, though not very elegantly, repeated […]

1858, Goold Brown, The Grammar of English Grammars, fourth edition, Samuel S. and William Wood, page 800,

The note of exclamation or ecphoneme is used after a word or phrase to express sudden emotion, and is sometimes repeated for emphasis.

1913, Frank H. Vizetelly, The Preparation of Manuscripts for the Printer, fifth revised edition, Funk & Wagnalls Company, page 51,


interrobang

拉丁語 interrogātiō (“檢查，要求，疑問”) + bang (“感歎號”)，1962年首次出現於雜誌《TYPEtalks》，作者是 Martin K. Speckter (1915–1988)，他也是該符號的創造者。

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹəʊˌbæŋ/

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹəˌbæŋ/

/ɪnˈtɛ.ɹɔˌbæŋ/

疑問驚歎號，‽ (? + !) （自1962年）

Has anyone seen an interrobang? It's a newly invented punctuation mark that looks like this: ‽ A question mark with an exclamation point superimposed, it's meant to convey that nuance of feeling—a mixture of query and surprise—that people have in mind when they say "Really?", also meaning "Really!", or "How about that‽" […] The cure for incredibility is not more punctuation, but more plain talk. We don't need symbols like the interrobang that merely express our perpetual disbelief. We need plain words to express plain truths.

1968年November15日，William Zinsser，“For clear expression: Try words: The interrobang”, in Life，卷 65, 期 20, Chicago, Ill., New York, N.Y.: Time Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 24:

The Interrobang is not a font – just a single character. Yet it is so powerful a symbol, and such a flawed and original concept, that it deserves a place alongside the most adventurous typographic innovations of the last century. It is an exclamation mark and a question mark combined, a ligature looping the curve of the interrogation with the downward force of the expletive (which compositors and printers have traditionally called a bang). When they meld, they need only one round point at their base.

2011 September，Simon Garfield，“Breaking the Rules”, in Just My Type: A Book About Fonts，New York, N.Y.: Gotham Books, Penguin Group, →ISBN，頁 268:

Popular as it was with writers and admen, the interrobang faced a struggle for mainstream acceptance. Simulating an interrobang on a typewriter was possible, if clumsy—type "?" and then overstrike it with "!"—but for typesetters creating a printed document, there was no such shortcut. Those advertisements, brochures, and books that actually honored the writer's use of the character had to be set using handcrafted interrobangs, either drawn by an illustrator or sculpted from rubber cement with a razor blade.

2013，Keith Houston，“The Interrobang”, in Shady Characters: The Secret Life of Punctuation, Symbols & Other Typographical Marks，New York, N.Y.: W. W. Norton & Company, →ISBN，頁s 28–29:

Introduce the notion of combining punctuation marks in new ways. Explain the Interabang and its use as a nonstandard punctuation mark intended to combine the functions of the question mark and the exclamation mark. Allowing your students the use of all keyboard symbols to create additional punctuation forms, what other punctuation combinations would prove useful in allowing greater expression through punctuation?

2014，John Senior，“Idea 79: The Interabang!?”, in 100 Ideas for Secondary Teachers: Gifted and Talented，London: Bloomsbury Education, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN，頁 94:


derecho

借自西班牙語 derecho (“直的”)，1888年由Gustavus Detlef Hinrichs使用；對比tornado。參見direct。

一種風力強勁，路徑直線的風暴。


derrière

/ˌdɛɹiˈɛə(ɹ)/

As for high-heels, they hoist the derrière and make the gait more feminine and physically attractive.

2011, "Baby you can drive my genes", The Economist, 30 Jul 2011:


desant

源自俄語 десант (desant) ← 法語 descente (“下降”)。參見descent。


annulment

最早見於15世紀（“毀滅”義），源自annul (源自中古英語 annullen ← 中古法語 annuller ← 拉丁語 annullare ← ad (“到”) + nullus (“無”) ，-are)+ -ment (源自拉丁語 -mentum)。


yoyo

yo-yo的另一種拼寫法


dev

源自亞美尼亞語 դեւ (dew).

(亞美尼亞神話) 怪物，巨人

(亞美尼亞神話) 不死的靈魂


dex

The data points for low-<nH> paths are scattered more widely than those for denser sight lines, because O/H ratios for such paths shorter than 800 pc are generally about 0.10 dex lower than the values for longer ones.

2004, Cartledge et al 2004, The Homogeneity of Interstellar Oxygen in the Galactic Disk, Abstract, The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 613, Issue 2, pp. 1037-1048,


dex

Establish a proccing percentage of a weapon by putting it in the primary hand and then put it in your offhand and check the proccing percentage with varying levels of dual wield skill (while keeping level and dex constant).

2000, "Billy Shields", The truth about offhand procs (on newsgroup alt.games.everquest)


Punjabi

借自波斯語 پنجابی (panjâbi)，源自پنجاب (panjâb) + ی (-i，形容詞後綴)。等同於Punjab + -i。


Balochi

Had the fiercely independent Baluchis discovered what they were up to, it would immediately have been assumed that the British were exploring their lands preparatory to seizing them.

1990, Peter Hopkirk, The Great Game, Folio Society 2010, p. 37:


Kashan

源自波斯語 کاشان (Kâšân)。

I napped in the pile
of the brushed and bruised
Kashan on our living room floor

1985，Peter Balakian，“The Oriental Rug”, in Introspections: American poets on one of their own poems，Hanover and London: University Press of New England for Middlebury College Press, 出版於 1997, →ISBN，頁 29:


Shiraz

借自波斯語 شیراز (širâz)。


dido

不明。“把戲”義可能源自Dido。

I remember Raymond telling me years later how when he lived at home, if his mother heard he had been seen as much as talking to a girl, she would kick up a dido.

1974, GB Edwards, The Book of Ebenezer Le Page, New York 2007, p. 30:

Young people," interposed a passing official, " if you keep a cutting didoes, I must talk to you both like a Dutch uncle.

1838, Joseph Clay Neal, Charcoal Sketches; Or, Scenes in a Metropolis, p. 201

Our youngest uncle, Billy, was not old enough to join in their didoes. One of their more flamboyant escapades has become a proud family legend.

1969, 玛雅·安吉罗, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, New York: Bantam, 1971, Chapter 10, p. 55,


digitus

古羅馬時期的長度單位，約等於0.73英吋。


tactique

The clerk had, I'm afraid, a shrew of a wife—shrill, vehement, and fluent. […] He had learned, by long experience, the best tactique under fire: he became actually taciturn; or, if he spoke, his speech was laconic and enigmatical; sometimes throwing out a proverb, and sometimes a text; and sometimes when provoked past endurance, spouting mildly a little bit of meek and venomous irony.

1863, Sheridan Le Fanu, The House by the Churchyard


dizi

源自官話 笛子 (dízi)。


dobro

原為吉普森吉他公司的商標，源自Dopyera 或 Dopjera，發明者的名字 + brothers，源自斯洛伐克語 dobro (“好的”)。

The longest and most incandescent track is “Twilight Kingdom,” which includes Stuart Duncan on fiddle, Jerry Douglas on dobro and David Grier on guitar.

2007年January21日，Nate Chinen，“Dueling Banjos, Gospel Harmonies, Arabesques and Electric Eels”, in New York Times:


soirée

借自法語 soirée。

soiree的另一種拼寫法


suet

源自中古英語 sewet，借自盎格魯-諾曼語 suet, siuet，源自古法語 seu ← 拉丁語 sebum。

Many seed-eating birds also need animal fat and protein which they obtain from insects, animal carcasses, and suet.

1996，Laura Erickson，Sharing the Wonder of Birds with Kids:

Some jays, chickadees, nuthatches, and titmice regularly feed at suet; others seem never to indulge.

1998，Alan Pistorius，Everything You Need to Know About Birding and Backyard Bird Attraction:


dol

源自拉丁語 dolor (“痛苦，悲痛”)。

:Template:醫 一種計量疼痛程度的單位


travail

]
源自中古英語 travail ← 古法語 travail (“受苦”) ← 通俗拉丁語 *tripalium (“刑具”) ← 拉丁語 tripālis (“有三個樁的”)。

But as every thing of price, so this doth require travail.

1597, Richard Hooker, Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Politie, Book V, §21:

Travell and pleasure, most unlike in nature, are notwithstanding followed together by a kind of I wot not what natural conjunction[…].

1603，Michel de Montaigne，章號 20, in John Florio（譯者）, The Essayes […]，book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

He had thought of making a destiny for himself, through laborious and untiring travail.

1936, Djuna Barnes, Nightwood, Faber & Faber 2007, p. 38:

And the British mandarin Left, like their contemporaries in the Foreign Office, had little time for the travails of the small countries between Germany and Russia, whom they had always regarded as something of a nuisance.

2005，Tony Judt，“Culture Wars”, in Postwar: A history of Europe since 1945，London: Vintage Books, 出版於 2010, →ISBN:

生產，生孩子 （自13世紀）

The lady shrieks and, well-a-near,

1607–08, William Shakespeare (?), Pericles, Prince of Tyre, Act III, Chorus:

And it came to pass in the time of her travail, that, behold, twins were in her womb. And it came to pass, when she travailed, that the one put out his hand: and the midwife took and bound upon his hand a scarlet thread, saying, This came out first,

1611, King James Version, Genesis 38:27–28:


taf

taw的另一種寫法 (閃米特字母)


dominus

主人；先生（頭銜/尊稱）


dominee

predikant

(南非):Template:舊 荷兰归正会的牧師。

dominie

(南非):Template:舊 荷兰归正会的牧師。

(南非):Template:舊 荷兰归正会的牧師。

But Elise goes regularly, often twice on a Sunday, mainly as a result of the conditioning of her childhood as a dominee’s daughter, but also because she regards it as a good example to the children, especially Ilse.

1978, André Brink, Rumours of Rain, Vintage 2000, p. 51:


domus

借自拉丁語 domus。參見dome。

農舍及居住在裡的人，所養的動植物（一體）

The domus was a unique and unprecedented concentration of tilled fields, seed and graain stores, people, and domestic animals, all coevolving with consequences no one could possibly have foreseen.

2017，James C Scott，章號 2, in Against the Grain，New Haven and London: Yale University, →ISBN，頁 73:


doon

dun (中世紀的防禦工事)的另一種寫法


Pashtun

源自普什圖語 پښتون (paẍtun)。參見Pathan。


sauté

借自法語 sauté，sauter的過去分詞。


sauter

solder的拼寫錯誤。


sautoir

交叉在脖子的項鏈、圍巾、絲帶等


saltire

源自中古法語 saultoir (對比法語 sautoir)，源自sauter (“跳躍”) + -oir，源自拉丁語 saltāre (“跳舞，跳躍”) + -orium, -oria。

But the World Cup winning veteran's left boot was awry again, the attempt sliced horribly wide of the left upright, and the saltires were waving aloft again a moment later when a long pass in the England midfield was picked off to almost offer up a breakaway try.

2011年October1日，Tom Fordyce，“Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16 – 12 Scotland”, in BBC體育，存檔自the original on 2016-09-26:

It was early August. In the Borders, there were few signs yet of a campaign that could take Scotland out of the United Kingdom. A large Y-E-S hung in separate letters from a tree on the road from Coldstream to Kelso. There wasn't a N-O to match it, but Kelso town hall flew both the saltire and the union jack.

2014年September16日，Ian Jack，“Is this the end of Britishness?”, in 衛報，倫敦，存檔自the original on 2016-04-18:


psalter

源自中古英語 sauter，psauter，源自古法語 sautier, psaltier ← 拉丁語 psalterium (“一種類似魯特琴的弦樂器”)，源自古希臘語 ψαλτήριον (psaltḗrion，“豎琴”)。

Confesse ye to our Lord on the harpe: on a psalter of ten strings sing to him.

1635, John Cousturier, The second tome of the Holie Bible, Psalm 32:2, page 66:

Perhaps the viol d'amour underwent several modifications, as its name was changed to psalter in the belief of its being the ancient instrument so denominated, which is quite different, according to most authorities — not belonging to the fidicinal tribe.

1849, Sir John Graham Dalyell, Musical Memoirs of Scotland, T. Constable, page 206:

Some have supposed that the psalter was not in fact an instrument, but that the term was applied merely to harmony produced by the voice in conjunction with instruments.

1875, Edward H. Knight, Knight's American Mechanical Dictionary, J. B. Ford and Company, page 1499:


dorn

對比德語 Dorn (“棘刺”)。


douane

源自法語。參見divan。


duar

阿拉伯語 دَوّار (dawwār)的口語發音。

阿拉伯國家人所居住的帳篷營地

The duar is in general made up of ten, fifteen, or twenty families, who are related to each other, and each family has a tent.

1882，Edmondo de Amicis，譯者 C. Rollin-Tilton, Morocco: Its People & Places:


début

借自法語 début，源自débuter (“開始”)。


débutant

借自法語 débutant，débuter (“開始”)的現在分詞。


toucher

We just twist up Chancery Lane, and cut along Holborn, and there we are in four minutes' time, as near as a toucher.

1853, Charles Dickens, Bleak House, ch 4:

(泰恩赛德):Template:貶 想依靠別人不勞而獲者


taction

源自拉丁語 tactio (“觸摸”)，tactus (“觸覺”)的完成被動分詞，源自tangere (“觸摸，感覺”) + 動詞後綴-io；參見tact。


opposer

For example, after the opposer had objected to the opposee's plan to drive the car, the opposee suggested, "We can take turns driving the car."

1984, Catherine Garvey, Children's Talk (page 145)


réseau

借自法語 réseau (“網絡”)。


degustation

借自法語 dégustation，源自拉丁語 degustatio, degustationem，源自degusto。


dépôt

Not less prompt were the Third and Eighth regiments, for they began to arrive in Boston as early as nine, each company welcomed at the dépôt by applauding thousands.

1864, James Parton, General Butler in New Orleans, Mason Brothers; Chapter III, page #67:


döner kebap

The Zeybek Mangal Restaurant […] specialises in döner kebaps and has pleasant streetside tables. A portion of döner or one of their many other kebaps, with a salad and something to drink, costs about US$5.

Zeybek Mangal 餐厅 […] 专营土耳其烤肉串，设有舒适的街边餐桌。一份土耳其烤肉串或其他多种烤肉串，加上一份沙拉和一些饮料，价格约为5美元。

1993 November，Tom Brosnahan，Turkey: A Travel Survival Kit [土耳其：旅行生存工具包]，第4th版, Hawthorn, Vic.: Lonely Planet Publications, →ISBN，頁 316，列 1:

Each year it becomes increasingly difficult to find traditional foods in Venice. There’s no market for them. All that tourists seem to want to eat is mass market gelato and döner kebaps, and the native Venetians are dying out.

在威尼斯，传统食物一年比一年难找。传统食物没有市场。游客似乎只想吃大众市场的冰淇淋和土耳其烤肉串，而威尼斯本地食品正在逐渐消亡。

2011，Michael Krondl，“Sugar and Spice: Italy [糖和香料：意大利]”, in Sweet Invention: A History of Dessert [甜蜜的发明：甜点的历史]，Chicago, Ill.: Chicago Review Press, →ISBN，頁 119:

“Sounds like a gyro or a shawarma,” you say. We said the same, except that there are some crucial differences. First of all, döner kebaps taste better.

你可能会说：“听起来像烤肉卷或沙威玛。”我们也会这么说，只是有一些关键的区别。首先，土耳其烤肉串味道更好。

2012年January20日，Mick Vann，“Verts Berlin-Inspired Kebap”, in The Austin Chronicle，卷 31, 期 21, Austin, Tex.: The Austin Chronicle Corporation, →ISSN，頁 34，列 3:


kebap

kebab的另一種拼寫法


terroriser

terrorizer在非牛津標準英式的标准拼写


world war

Armageddon, that world war with which the Second Coming is to be so closely associated.


worst case scenario

Everyone is rightly planning for the worst-case scenario. Across Europe, that worst-case scenario is already playing out.

2020年March25日，“Network News: What COVID-19 means for rail in a wider transport context”, in Rail，頁 10:


DIC

disseminated intravascular coagulation (“弥散性血管内凝血”)之首字母縮略詞。


elchi

源自土耳其語 elçi或通過印地語 एलची (elcī)。


ema

源自日語 絵馬 (ema)。


manœuvre

[…] but then it came of itself: it was not elicited by meretricious arts and calculated manœuvres; and one had but to accept it — to answer what he asked […]

Gregson and Lestrade had watched the manœuvres of their amateur companion with considerable curiosity and some contempt.

1886，Arthur Conan Doyle，A Study in Scarlet:

Peter, forging ahead with the bag, stopped to see the result of these manœuvres.

1930，Norman Lindsay，Redheap，Sydney: Ure Smith, 出版於 1965，頁 131:

[…] we may certainly prepare ourselves for every kind of novel stratagem and every kind of brutal and treacherous manœuvre.

1940，Winston Churchill，We shall fight on the beaches:

[…] and the belief that states had increasingly little room for manœuvre if they wanted their people to benefit from it.

2003，David Miller，Political Philosophy: A Very Short Introduction，Oxford University Press，頁 7:


manoeuvrer

(我們能否確認Miss Edgeworth引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


manoeuvre

源自中古法語 manœuvre (“操作”)，manouvrer (“操作，調動”) ← 古法語 manovre (“體力勞動”) ← 中世紀拉丁語 manopera, manuopera (“手上工作”)，manu (“用手”) + operari (“工作”)，可能源自古法蘭克語 *handwerc (“手上工作”)。對比古英語 handweorc, 古英語 handġeweorc, 德語 Handwerk。

maneuver的英國、加拿大、愛爾蘭、南非、澳大利亞、 和 新西蘭拼寫法


manoeuvrability

The prohibit[ed] zone cuts across the isthmus about 200 yards north of the runway; the pilot's manoeuvrability, approaching from the has been reduced by about half. The ban was announced 01 April 12, days before the Anglo-Spanish talks on ...

The desire to break away from this, to develop Zambia's economic character and increase Lusaka's manoeuvrability, thus became a guiding light of Zambian foreign policy (Anglin and Shaw, 1979; Shaw, 1976; Burdette, 1984) and has been termed 'the politics of disengagement' (Tordoff, 1977).

2007，Ian Taylor，China and Africa: Engagement and Compromise:

This might be due to the nature of the work done, to the motivation to work or to the total burden that women in the lower socioeconomic group bear in comparison with those who are better off and have greater 'manoeuvrability'.

2012，P.A. van Keep, R.B. Greenblatt, M. Albeaux-Fernet，Consensus on Menopause Research:

Some hated him for his attitude while others, including Shirmin, fancied his manoeuvrability and stark mannerism.

2017，Kamlesh Choudhary，Vertical and the Organic:


œuvre

oeuvre的另一種拼寫法


chef d'oeuvre

Indeed I will explain Danceny's note. The occasion of it is my own doing, and I like to think it is my chef d'oeuvre.

2007, Choderlos de Laclos, Dangerous Liaisons, tr. Helen Constantine, Penguin 2007, p. 130:


oeuvre

源自法語 œuvre ← 拉丁語 opus。


prest

借自古法語 prest。

(我們能否確認Francis Bacon引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


extraordinaire

"The very best of Swiss dining in this essentially rural country is as much about experience as culinary extraordinaire."

2012, Lonely Planet, Nicola Williams, Kerry Christiani, Lonely Planet Switzerland


sodomiser

Gómara's account of the Amerindian population is harsh to say the least: of the inhabitants of the Caribbean he charged that their god is the devil (XXVII, 45), the women are lascivious and the men are sodomisers, lazy, deceitful, ungrateful, […]

2007，Stephen M. Hart，A Companion to Latin American Literature，頁 17:


enculade

then my poor bum-hole attracted his attention, he kissed and put his tongue into it, till I was eager to have him there, and begged he would put his prick in gently at first for fear of hurting me too much; this was a heavenly finish to our night of love; we swam in delight, never before or since have I tasted voluptuous joy to equal that enculade.

1876, Rosa Belinda Coote (pseudonym), The Convent School, William Dugdale (1898), page 86:


emballage

具有「包裝」、「隱藏」意念的藝術品


ent

源自古英語 ent (“巨人”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *anti。最早出現在托爾金的《指環王》（1954–55）。

托爾金作品中描寫的樹人。

Ents and Entwives, Jack thought crazily. BAD Ents and Entwives.

2001，Stephen King and Peter Straub，p133 The Talisman:

[…] and that fine young ent Quickbeam is merely a minor crux in an Old English glossary (the name Quickbeam means 'living tree' in Old English).

2003, Walter Scheps, "The Fairy-tale Morality of The Lord of the Rings", in Jared Lobdell (ed.), A Tolkien Compass

Tolkien's Treebeard, his Ent creation, was inspired by Lewis, especially his sometimes emphatic deep voice

2003, Colin Duriez, Tolkien and C. S. Lewis: The Gift of Friendship

Tolkien perhaps speaks for himself when he has Treebeard confess that "nobody cares for the woods as I care for them," and when this same Ent also warns that "the withering of all woods may be drawing near"

2003, Ralph C. Wood, The Gospel According to Tolkien: Visions of the Kingdom in Middle-earth

But this should not lead to complete avoidance, as if it is like some dire incursion of triffids or ents.

2003，Allen Paterson，p180 Trees for Your Garden:

Somewhere, ents and manitous laugh grimly For, despite all this, the trees lasted much longer Than most of the presents, and all of the holiday spirit.

Hello, my good friend, myself I present. Not human, nor tree, for I am an ent.

The Ents are a race of giant, tree-like people. Their purpose is to protect the electrons, though some align themselves with holes. However, as the great arrays have grown, the number of Ents has dwindled. Now they are said only to be found in the darkest and most mysterious of laboratories.

2004，Paola Amico and James Beletic，page xxvi Scientific Detectors for Astronomy: The Beginning of a New Era:


entier

Let the state of the system vary according to
#*:: x_n=2x_{n-1[2x_n-1],

1992, Stochastic and Chaotic Oscillations (translation of a 1987 work by Yu. I. Neimark), Kluwer, ISBN 0792315308, page 70 http://books.google.com/books?id=nDXojK82iHwC&pg=PA70&dq=entier:


entrepôt

/ˌɑntɹəˈpəʊ/

The country has, in effect, installed a “keep out” sign over the white cliffs of Dover. Even as Mr Cameron defends the City of London as a global financial centre, and takes planeloads of business folk on foreign trips, his government ratchets up measures that would turn an entrepôt into a fortress.

2012, The Economist, 20th Oct 2012, Immigration: The Tories’ barmiest policy


entrée

借自法語 entrée。

appetizer

(英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭、加拿大法語區) 前菜

hors d'oeuvre

(英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭、加拿大法語區) 前菜

starter

(英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭、加拿大法語區) 前菜

(英國、澳大利亞、新西蘭、加拿大法語區) 前菜

ENTREES AND ENTREMETS. Usually, outside of France, entrees are side or corner dishes. ... In conclusion I again remark, entrees can be made from almost anything, the difference being, they are highly cooked and seasoned. Remember nothing large is served as an entree. There are game entrees, meat entrees, fish entrees, fowl entrees, etc.

1887，Estelle Woods Wilcox，Practical housekeeping: A careful compilation of tried and approved recipes (published in Dayton, Ohio, United States)，頁 457:

Entree: The main course is normally beef, chicken, duck, or lamb, and you eat these foods with a dinner knife and dinner fork.

2007，Sue Fox，Etiquette for Dummies (published in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States)，頁 180:

It was not by the aid of mules and porters, sedans and sledges, that the hero of Carthage made his entrée into Italy.

1796，John Owen，Owen's travels into different parts of Europe, in the years 1791 and 1792，頁 307:

Burton conveniently afforded him entree into the world of art and those who buy it.

2008，Lyn Hamilton，The Chinese Alchemist，頁 253:


envier

There was a period, when the enviers of Bernadotte, taking advantage of this kind of popularity which he had obtained, represented him to the Directory as a man dangerous to liberty […]

1816, Francis Gibbon, The public characters of Europe (page 578)


envoi

From the pulsing throb of the very opening, this was a detailed, incisive playing, culminating in an envoi glowing enough to provide the catharsis this programme so uncompromisingly demanded.

2009年January28日，Erica Jeal，“LSO/Segerstam”, in The Guardian:


eros

源自古希臘語 ἔρως (érōs，“愛，慾望”)。


erogenous zone

The parts of the body significant in giving sexual pleasure we call "erogenous zones."

1910, Sigmund Freud, "The Origin and Development of Psychoanalysis," The American Journal of Psychology, vol. 21, no. 2, p. 209,

His neck, shoulders, upper back, and spine were erogenous zones.

2001, Joyce Carol Oates, Middle Age: A Romance, Fourth Estate, paperback edition, p. 254,


esprit

借自法語 esprit (“精神”)。


esh

國際音標符號 ʃ 的名稱。


ex

前任（前夫/前妻/前男女朋友）

Her ex is still sending her flowers, even though she has moved on.

雖然她早就搬家了，她前任還在給他送花。


fiscal year

有時每個財政年度可以分為四個季度，標為Q1 - Q4。


ey

源自中古英語 ei, ey，來自古英語 ǣġ，來自原始西日耳曼語 *aij，來自原始日耳曼語 *ajją，來自原始印歐語 *h₂ōwyóm。
英語在16世紀被古諾爾斯語派生的egg代替，可能是因為“ey”和eye相似。

蛋，卵 （16世紀以後罕用）

And one of theym... cam in to an hows and axed for mete and specyally he axyd after eggys, and the goode wyf answerde that she could speke no Frenshe. And the marchaunt was angry, for he also coude speke no Frenshe, but wolde have hadde egges; and she understode hym not. And thenne at laste a-nother sayd that he wolde have eyren. Then the good wyf sayd that she understod hym wel. Loo, what sholde a man in thyse dayes now wryte, egges, or eyren? Certaynly it is hard to playse every man, by-cause of dyversite and chaunge of langage.

1490，William Caxton，Prologue to Eneydos:

Take brothe of capons withoute herbes, and breke eyren, and cast into the pot, and make a crudde therof, and colour hit with saffron, and then presse oute the brothe and kerve it on leches; and then take swete creme of almondes, or of cowe mylk, and boyle hit; […]

1787, originally 1381，Liber quotidianus contrarotulatoris garderobae:


ey

源自中古英語 ei，來自古英語 ieġ，來自原始西日耳曼語 *auwju，來自原始日耳曼語 *awjō，來自原始印歐語 *h₂ekʷeh₂。


eyer

The Amoretto was wont to take his stand at one place about the pew, where sate his Mistresse, who was a very attentive hearer of the man above her, and the sutor was as diligent an eyer of her, for having a book, and black-lead pen alwaies in his hand, (as if he took notes of the sermon) at last he got her exact picture.

1654, Edmund Gayton, Pleasant Notes upon Don Quixot, London, Notes vpon Book II. Chap. IV, p. 47,

You knew less about sex than you knew about sleuthing, but you soon figured out what the goods were and got them. You were not so much a private eye as an eyer of privates.

2010, Robert Coover, Noir, New York: Overlook Duckworth, p. 97,


øre

借自丹麥語 øre, 挪威語 øre，源自拉丁語 aureus。參見aureus。

百分之一克朗（丹麥、挪威貨幣單位）


öre

借自瑞典語 öre，源自拉丁語 aureus。參見aureus。

百分之一克朗（瑞典貨幣單位）


Hmong

源自白苗語 Hmoob。

苗族蒙人，仡蒙人，赫蒙族


fair play

Financial fair play – talked about as if it is somehow nothing to do with the way the club is run, an imposition upon their work rather than a consequence of the way they work – meant that they could not spend what they do not generate.

2017年January18日，Sid Lowe，“Chaos at Mestalla: Valencia's journey from Champions League to utter disarray”, in the Guardian:


full moon

源自中古英語 ful mone。

new moon

:Template:詩


falx

源自拉丁語 falx (“鐮刀”)。參見dalk。

形似鐮刀的部件。 硬脑膜或腹膜的彎曲部分

形似鐮刀的部件。 蛇的毒牙

形似鐮刀的部件。 海膽的刺


fam

(非裔美國人俚語、倫敦混合文化俚語、加拿大) 用於朋友的愛稱。


fantastique

一種文學和電影風格，糅合了科幻、奇幻和恐怖。


puits

源自法語 puits (“井”)。

(我們能否確認Jeremy Taylor引文的時間，或提供標題、作者全名和其他詳情？)


Jurchen

早期女真語的現代構擬 (大概為 *Jörcen),，漢語古籍中作竹里真 (Zhúlǐzhēn)，中古漢語構擬作 Trjuwk-li-tsyin，契丹語轉寫作 Julisen, 受滿語 Jurcit和蒙古語 жүрчид (žürčid)影響。 瓦基达認為派生自原始通古斯語詞彙，意為“馴鹿人”，與哈巴羅夫斯克和庫頁島的奥罗奇人（Oroch）同源。


cul-de-sac

借自法語 cul-de-sac，源自cul (“底部”) + de (“的”) + sac (“包”)。

cul-de-sacs (plural)
culs-de-sac (plural)

And in suburbs known for new development, preservationists are often battling a general perception that there is nothing historic or worth saving among the cul-de-sacs.

2010年January17日，Cara Buckley，“A Suburban Treasure, Left to Die”, in New York Times，頁 Section MB; Column 0; Metropolitan Desk; Pg. 1:

Physics seems, in fact, to have got itself into a cul-de-sac, obsessing over theories so mathematically abstruse that nobody even knows how to test them.


fillo

phyllo的另一種拼寫法


fondu

借自法語 fondu (“融化的”)。

fondue的另一種拼寫法

(芭蕾) 支撐腿彎曲以降低身體重心


frosk

源自中古英語 frosk ← 古英語 frox, frosċ (“蛙”)、古諾爾斯語 froskr (“蛙”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *fruskaz, *fruþskaz (“蛙”) ← 原始印歐語 *prew- (“跳”)。參見frosh。


galoche

galoshe的另一種拼寫法


kalicine

重碳鉀石。是碳酸氢钾（potassium bicarbonate，又稱重碳酸鉀）所形成的礦物。


gat

(美國西部舊俚語) 加特林

(原為20世紀20年代的幫派俚語) 槍，多指手槍

You're the second guy I've met within hours who seems to think a gat in the hand means a world by the tail.

Goin' off on a motherfucker like that

It'll make you drop to your knees 'cause you realize, that a gat'll make any nigga civilized.

1992，“A Nigga Witta Gun”, in The Chronic，演出者 Dr. Dre, Death Row Records:


gazet

源自意大利語 gazeta, gazzetta，可能是拉丁語 gaza (“國庫”)的指小詞。


crème

借自法語 crème。參見cream。

一種很甜，外表白而鬆軟的奶油


ged

可能與冰島語gedda有關。


ger

借自蒙古語 гэр (ger)/ᠭᠡᠷ (ger)。

The new bek's great-grandfather had passed every night of his life under the sky, on the back of a pony or in the felt walls of a ger, and Buljan retained the ancestral contempt for cities and city dwellers.

2007, Michael Chabon, Gentlemen of the Road, Sceptre 2008, p. 133:


ger

借自希伯來語 גֵּר (ger)。


glagol

源自古教會斯拉夫語 глаголъ (glagolŭ)。

格拉哥里字母 g（ⰳ）的名稱。


gora

源自印地語 गोरा (gorā)。


vegetable garden

The hovel stood in the centre of what had once been a vegetable garden, but was now a patch of rank weeds. Surrounding this, almost like a zareba, was an irregular ring of gorse and brambles, an unclaimed vestige of the original common.

1944，Miles Burton，章號 5, in The Three Corpse Trick:


grue

源自中古英語 gruen，可能源自中古低地德語 gruwen或中古荷蘭語 gruwen (對比荷蘭語gruwen)，源自原始日耳曼語 *grūwijaną。

There was a sharp grue of ice in the air.

1921, John Buchan, The Path of the King, chapter 9


grue

'I've told you - it wasn't much. He tried to kiss me.' She smiled slightly. 'Just after he had shown me the family skeletons.' / 'What a lovely bit of grue!'

1958, Samuel Youd, writing as John Christopher, The Caves of Night

Carrie is Cinderella in the body language of menstrual blood and raging hormones. King’s adolescent joy in grimaces and groans, the Mad magazine humor, and the staple of “grue” hardly need mentioning.

1996, Linda Badley, Writing Horror and the Body http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=iaHQorgoqd4C&pg=PA39&lpg=PA39&sig=0unz5oiZA5IURViNe75MsU7vHG4

“… She is quite agreeable to gruesome ghost stories, but appalled by the lust for life.” / “I admit that I am surprised by how well she handles sheer grue, better than I.”

2002, Carole Nelson Douglas, Chapel Noir http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=ZZu4sl0P1EAC&pg=PA336&lpg=PA336&sig=dPR0ntE54xw-h3m6fByM0fgJiuc

“This is the grue,” said Dick, holding his lantern high. / Its light fell on a circle of skeletons, all perfect, each with its head toward a brass bowl in the center.

2004, Talbot Mundy, Guns of the Gods http://print.google.com/print?hl=en&id=PUCcyz2L1iwC&pg=PA244&lpg=PA244&sig=REDDP_txW9FrUWEogxny6lZ4wUo


grue

可能源自gruesome；最早見於20世紀40年代傑克·萬斯的《Dying Earth》，但因1980年的電腦遊戲《魔域》而流行。

一種居於黑暗中的吃人者。

I managed to get into the house through the front once, but I was plunged into darkness and eaten by a monster called a grue.

To find a grue, turn off the light at night, or go for a walk in a dark place (but carry a flashlight with you).

2009, "Jas", Hazadous :Template:SIC Australian animals the GRUE.... your guide (on Internet newsgroup rec.travel.australia+nz)

Incidentally, the best official text description I know of is in Sorcerer, when you actually become a grue and visit a grue colony. IIRC, even that description is vague, but does cannonize:Template:SIC that they are large four-legged reptiles.

2004, "M.D. Dollahite", How would you imagine a grue? (on Internet newsgroup rec.games.int-fiction)


regretter

Catholics were not the only regretters of the British Government's lack of courtesy to Cardinal Lauri during his two passings through England and Wales.

1940，Ernest James Oldmeadow，Francis, Cardinal Bourne，頁 311:


guz

guzes (plural)
guz (plural)
guzzes (plural)

Mughal yard

西亞、南亞部分地區的一種布料的長度單位，大概為24到41英吋之間。

西亞、南亞部分地區的一種布料的長度單位，大概為24到41英吋之間。


haat

(印度) 一種露天集市。


hadith

源自阿拉伯語 حَدِيث (ḥadīṯ) ← حَدَّثَ (ḥaddaṯa，“告訴，報告”)。

hadith (plural)
hadiths (plural)
ahadith (plural)

In addition to the Quran, many Muslims also look to the hadiths for moral and spiritual guidance in their daily lives.

There are four main Shia books of hadith and six main Sunni books of hadith.


hain

源自hayne ← 中古英語 *haynen, *heynen ← 古諾爾斯語 hegna (“保護；抵禦”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *hagnōną (“用樹籬圍起來”)，等同於hedge + -en。與冰島語 hegna (“圍起柵欄；監禁；懲罰”), 瑞典語 hägna (“用柵欄隔開；圈起來；保護”), 丹麥語 hegne (“用柵欄隔開；圈起來”)同源。與hedge有關。
名詞源自中古英語 heyn。

(英格蘭北部、蘇格蘭) :Template:舊 圈地；公園


exigence

Chagrined and surprised, they were obliged, though unwillingly, to turn back, for no shelter was nearer than their own house. One consolation however remained for them, to which the exigence of the moment gave more than the usual propriety; it was that of running with all possible speed down the steep side of the hill which led immediately to the garden gate.

1811, Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, chapter 9


exigency

源自中古法語 exigence ← 晚期拉丁語 exigentia (“緊急”) (exigēns + -ia)，源自exigere (“要求”)。


ouvert

(芭蕾) 一種兩腳分開的動作


halva

源自希伯來語 חלווה (khalvá) ← 羅馬尼亞語 halva ← 鄂圖曼土耳其語 حلوا (helva) ← 波斯語 حلوا (halvâ) ← 阿拉伯語 حَلْوَى (ḥalwā)。

Just before Christmas, Ron Dermer, Israel’s ambassador to the United States, sent the White House a box of holiday gifts with a pointed political message. Inside were items (body lotion, halvah, olive oil) produced in Jewish settlements in the West Bank.

2016年January26日，Eyal Press，“When ‘Made In Israel’ Is a Human Rights Abuse”, in The New York Times:


hamam

hammam的另一種寫法


hammam

源自土耳其語 hamam ← 阿拉伯語 حَمَّام (ḥammām)。


handi

北印度、巴基斯坦、孟加拉使用的一種深底窄口的烹飪器皿。


hangi

借自毛利語 hāngi。

杭伊，新西蘭毛利人的一種菜式，將食物包好後放入地灶，用石頭烘烤。

He glanced at the formal setting in front of him, wishing he could be at a marae eating hangi right now.


harman

I Frisky Moll, with my rum coll, / Wou'd Grub in a bowzing ken; / But ere for the scran he had tipt the cole, / The Harman he came in.

1724，“Frisky Moll's Song”, in Musa Pedestris，出版於 1896，頁 41:

I pray you now send me some dub, / A bottle or two to the needy. / I beg you won't bring it yourself, / The harman is at the Old-Bailey; / I'd rather you'd send it behalf, / For, if they twig you they'll nail you.

1765，“A Song in High Life”, in The Merry Medley，卷 1, London: W. Hoggard，頁 35:


hazan

hazzan的另一種寫法

When George Washington was inaugurated in New York in April 1789, Gershom Seixas, the hazan of Shearith Israel, was listed among the city’s clergymen (there were 14 in New York at the time) — a sign of acceptance and respect.

2007年October7日，Jon Meacham，“A Nation of Christians Is Not a Christian Nation”, in New York Times:


hesp

對比冰島語 hespa。參見hasp。

(蘇格蘭) 兩 團亞麻線。


heykel

源自波斯語 هیکل (haykal, heykal，“神廟”) / 阿拉伯語 هَيْكَل (haykal，“神廟”) ← 阿卡德語 𒂍𒃲 (É.GAL /ekallu/，“神廟，神宮”)，源自蘇美爾語 𒂍𒃲 (É.GAL，“神廟，神宮”，字面意思是“大房子”)。


hile

(西南英格蘭古方言) 谷堆


holme

源自中古英語 holm (“島”) ← 古諾爾斯語 holmr ← 原始日耳曼語 *hulmaz。


synonyme

In reading, the novice should note the varied mode of expression practiced by good authors, and should keep in his mind for future use the many appropriate synonymes he encounters.

1920, H P Lovecraft, H.P. Lovecraft's Writings in the United Amateur (1915-1922), page 120:


hoon

來源不明，原是一種辱罵語。最早見於Capricornia (1938) ，是由澳大利亞作家Xavier Herbert (1901–1984) 所用；1941年 Herbert 在信中說他年輕時聽到過這個詞。

(澳大利亞、新西蘭):Template:貶 小流氓 （自20世紀30年代）

'You flash hoon,' he went on, 'Kiddin' you're white, eh?[…].'

1938，Xavier Herbert，Capricornia: A Novel，Sydney: Angus & Robertson, →OCLC:

When the girls were sick, the hoons would beat the shit out of them and put them back on the street.

2009, Adam Shand, The Skull: Informers, Hit Men and Australia's Toughest Cop, Melbourne: Black Inc., ISBN 978-1-86395-438-9; republished Melbourne, Black Inc., 2010, ISBN 978-1-86395-482-2, page 85:

(澳大利亞、新西蘭) 開訂製車輛的街頭賽車手；開車不講理的人 （自20世紀80年代）

Police have impounded an average of 10 cars a day since hoon laws were introduced by the State Government in June 2006. Hoon related offences include burnouts, doughnuts, drag racing, repeated driving while disqualified and high-level speeding. Offences are detailed in section 84C of the Road Safety Act 1986.

2008年July30日，“Hoon Laws”, in Victoria Police，存檔自the original on 2009-05-15:

The hoons piled out of the wreck brimming with righteous road rage, and were settling to the task of beating the shit out of Wozza, Mutton and the hapless wheelman when they discovered the plastic bag.

2009，Damien Broderick，Rory Barnes，I'm Dying Here: A Comedy of Bad Manners，New York, N.Y.: Point Blank, →ISBN，頁 29:

[T]here is an overwhelming sense of youth as a social group with nowhere to go and nothing to do. […] Predictably, this has produced a series of strategies among young people through which to counter the boredom and frustration they often experience. One of the more spectacular – and illegal – examples of this is "hooning" (a localized term for dangerous driving) by young males. […] [H]oons transform the quiet, often sleepy streets of neighborhoods on the Gold Coast into playscapes of their own. […] Equally salient in the context of the present discussion is the random night-time appropriation by hoons of particular streets and neighborhoods on the Gold Coast in which to enact the collective rituals that give the hoon culture both internal cohesion and local notoriety.

2012，Sarah Baker，Andy Bennett，Patricia Wise，“Living ‘The Strip’: Negotiating Neighborhood, Community, and Identity on Australia's Gold Coast”, in Habitus of the Hood，Bristol, Chicago, Ill.: Intellect, →ISBN，頁s 109–110:

(澳大利亞、新西蘭) 方式 （自20世紀80年代）

The stars of Happytime Murders give Kiwi slang a hoon

2018年August28日，“stars give kiwi slang a hoon”, in The Rock (radio station):

Havin' a hoon on TVNZ's new OnDemand platform

2015年February13日，“TVNZ OnDemand platform”, in TVNZ Ondemand:


hoon

借自閩南語 分 (hun) (官話 分 (fēn))。參見fen。

英屬亞洲殖民地的一種計量鴉片的重量單位，約等於0.378125克。

This abovementioned Chandoo or prepared opium for smoking is retailed by them [the East India Company] at 5 pice per hoon, equal to 8000 Spanish dollars per chest, and on the opposite or Queda shore the hoon is sold at 6 pice or 9,600 dollars, […]

1838，N[athaniel] Wallich，“XVII.—A Few Brief Notices on the State of the Population of Prince of Wales' Island, and of the Price at which Opium is Retailed in that Colony”, in Transactions of the Agricultural and Horticultural Society of India，卷 I, Calcutta: Re-printed at the Baptist Mission Press, Circular Road, →OCLC，頁 57:

Visited in company with the agent of the Opium farmer 4 Opium shops, found them filled with Chinese except one which had in addition 7 Malays and natives of India. Amongst these were 3 tailors; one woman 30 years old, was there smoking her pipe,—she had been in the habit of doing so for 3 years at the rate of 3 hoons daily,—before she commenced the habit of smoking had children but none since,—thinks that it is owing to the bad habit,—would like much to give up but is frightened.

1848 January，R. Little，“On the Habitual Use of Opium in Singapore”, in The Journal of the Indian Archipelago and Eastern Asia，卷 II, 期 I, Singapore: Printed at the Mission Press, →OCLC，頁 23:

Examined thirty-one men. Their average consumption was six hoons. The greatest daily consumption by one man was fifteen hoons; the smallest, two. The average number of years they had been addicted to the smoking of opium was seven years and some odd months.

1860，A chaplain in H. M. Indian Service [pseudonym; James Aberigh Mackay]，“An Explanation of the Peiho Massacre”, in From London to Lucknow: With Memoranda of Mutinies, Marches, Flights, Fights, and Conversations. To which is Added, An Opium-smuggler's Explanation of the Peiho Massacre. By a Chaplain in H. M. Indian Service. In Two Volumes，卷 II, London: James Nisbet & Co., 21 Berners Street, →OCLC，頁 553:

Chinese Catty = 1.33 lb (605 g) / = 16 Tahil (liang or tael). / 1 Tahil = 10 Chee (chandu measures) / = 100 Hoon (fen).

1999，Carl A. Trocki，“Weights and Measures”, in Opium, Empire and the Global Political Economy: A Study of the Asian Opium Trade 1750–1950，Abingdon, Oxon., New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN，頁 x:

The average smoker used only four hoons, leaving him 36 hoons, nearly half an ounce, to sell on the black market.

2005，Derek Mackay，“Retail Monopoly”, in Eastern Customs: The Customs Service in British Malaya and the Hunt for Opium，London: The Radcliffe Press, →ISBN，頁 141:


hoon

借自印地語 हून (hūn) ← 梵語 हून (hūna)。

The plaintiff in his plaint states, that the first and second defendants' elder brother, Soobbiya Shetty, on the 8th Ashweeja Bahoola of the year Veya, mortgaged to him, for 2½ hoons, his two slaves, viz. a female Dher, named Honnoo, and a male Pardeshey, together with their offspring, and made them over to him; that while they were in his possession, Soobba Shetty died, and the first and the second defendants succeeding to his (Soobba Shetty's) property, they further executed a document to him for hoons 4-8-12, on account of a balance against themselves of rice, &c., making a total mortgage on the slaves of hoons 7-3-12.

1835年July29日，“Decree Passed by the Barcoor Moonsif, in Original Cause, No. 126 of 1835, on the 29th July 1835: Hossamunay Manddawanna Shetty, residing in the Hondady Village, and Brumawhar Mogany, in the Barcoor Talook, versus Sheevy Shetty, his younger brother, Honniya, both nephews of Hossamunay Pomma Shetty, and younger brothers of Soobbiya Shetty, residing in the said Hondady Village, and Bennaycoodra Krooshna Shetty”, in Slavery (East Indies). Return to an Order of the Honourable The House of Commons Dated 22 April 1841;—for, Copy of the Despatch from the Governor-General of India in Council to the Court of Directors of the East India Company, Dated the 8th Day of February 1841 (No. 3), with the Report from the Indian Law Commissioners, dated the 15th Day of January 1841, and its Appendix Enclosed in that Despatch, on the Subject of Slavery in the East Indies，[London]: Ordered, by the House of Commons, to be printed, 出版於 26 April 1841, →OCLC, appendix IX，頁 505:


orxata

When we sat to eat steak burritos with orxatas, I was irritated by the only other diners alongside us, a gang of four late-middle-aged white female laughter geeks from Texas.

2016, Lancelot Larsen, Sons of America (volume 1)


horchata

借自西班牙語 horchata，源自加泰羅尼亞語/瓦倫西亞語 orxata (可能通過莫札拉布語)，源自通俗拉丁語 *hordeata (“大麥做的”)，源自；hordeum (“大麥”)。西班牙語詞也可能源自意大利語 orzata。
與orgeat (“杏仁露”), 意大利語 orzata, 蘇里南荷蘭語 orgeade同源。

/ɔːrˈtʃɑːtə/

歐洽塔，一種有扁桃、大米、大麦和油莎草的甜飲品。

Manufacturers from the villages surrounding the capital of the region came each day to the city of Valencia with carts pulled by donkeys to sell fresh horchata, tiger nuts and barley water.

2011, Miguel-Angel Galindo, Domingo Ribeiro, Women’s Entrepreneurship and Economics: New Perspectives, Practices, and Policies, Springer Science & Business Media (ISBN 9781461412939), page 66:


hori

借自毛利語 Hōri。參見George。

非毛利人使用可能帶有貶義。


horo

借自日語 母衣(ほろ) (horo)。


osteria

And though the standard fare at the mountain osterias known as rifugios largely remains slabs of speck and strong local cheese, there are exceptions — most notably Col Alt, a rifugio above Corvara accessible only by ski lift, where meat dishes take the form of succulent venison or rabbit, and bottles of aged Barolo offer a noble complement to the soaring mountain vistas.

2015年August13日，Robert Draper，“In Italy, Hiking and Haute Cuisine in the Dolomites”, in New York Times: