SOP

standard operating procedure (“標準作業程序”)之首字母縮略詞。

sum of parts (“部分總和”)之首字母縮略詞。

In like manner, the "not-SOP/ROP" complement of a system (SOP + ROP) is called the nature of the whole, or the organizing essence of a systemic whole. ... And it is there as an aspect of the whole which differs from the sum of parts (SOP) .

1999，Grant Venerable，Managing in a Five Dimension Economy: Ven Matrix Architectures for New Organizations，Greenwood Publishing Group, →ISBN，頁 19:

a stock analyst might refer to a DCF (discounted cash flow), DDM (dividend discount model), EVA (economic value added), NAV (net asset value) or SOP (sum of parts) calculation. Comparisons can be made against the stock's historic ...

2010，Jeremy Bolland，Writing Securities Research: A Best Practice Guide，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 129:

2002; Lamont and Polk 2002; Vilalonga 2004). They are therefore keen to establish that “sum of parts” (SOP) valuation gives a more realistic firm value. Acquirers which may buy the target and then unbundle it to divest some of the acquired ...

2012，David Faulkner, Satu Teerikangas, Richard J. Joseph，The Handbook of Mergers and Acquisitions，Oxford University Press, →ISBN，頁 206:

semen on picture (“圖片上的精液”)之首字母縮略詞。


aphelium

非同化借詞，源自拉丁語 aphelium。

Wherefore a Planet, whoſe Orbit is an Ellipſe, having the Sun for a Focus, muſt neceſſarily be urged, even in its aſcent from the Sun, from the Perihelium to the Aphelium, by a Force tending to the Sun, fince an Ellipſe is concave towards both Foci.

1715，David Gregory，The Elements of Aſtronomy, Physical and Geometrical，卷 I, London: […] J. Nicholson […]，頁 147:


perihelium

原始印歐語詞
 *sóh₂wl̥
借自晚期拉丁語 perihelium，源自古希臘語 περί- (perí-)（περι- (peri-，“在……的附近、周圍”)的異體，最终源自原始印歐語 *per- (“在……的前面；第一”)）+ ἥλιος (hḗlios，“太陽”)（最終源自原始印歐語 *sóh₂wl̥ (“太陽”)或前希臘時期的一種底層語言），仿照 perigeum (“绕地球轨道上最靠近地球的点，近地点”) 所造。


fist pump

揮動拳頭（一般向前或向上，用於慶祝等場合）


EEZ

exclusive economic zone (“專屬經濟區”)之首字母縮略詞。


acescent

借自拉丁語 acēscēns, acēscentis，acēscēre (“變酸”) 的現在分詞，acēre (“是酸的，發酸”) 的起始動詞；對比法語 acescent。


water tower

water-tower (alternative)
water towers (plural)


bromane

此為 IUPAC 所使用的名稱。


Jehovah

音譯自希伯來語 יְהֹוָה (yəhōwā)，馬所拉文本中聖經希伯來語יהוה（讀法各自紛紜）的發音。馬所拉文本的發音法為所謂的 qere perpetuum（在《塔纳赫》的礼拜仪式中，读出某个书面词时总会用固定的词替换），在本例中是把該詞替換讀成אֲדֹנָי (Adonai，“我的主”)。
在英語中，此詞最早是寫成 Iehoua，出自1530年的廷代爾譯本：
I appeared vnto Abraham Isaac and Iacob an allmightie God: but in my name Iehouah was I not knowne vnto them.（出埃及記 6:3）
廷代爾使用了 Iehouah，而非此前威克里夫譯本的 Adonay。欽定版聖經也在這一節當中使用了全本唯一的 Jehovah，其他地方均作 Lord。楊氏直譯本 (1898) 寫作 Jehovah。新欽定版聖經 (1982) 則使用了 Lord。

/d͡ʒə.ˈ həʊ.və/

I've never had Jehovahs at my door, but the other day two Mormons came to my door.

我從來沒見過有耶和華見證人的成員站在我家門口，不過之前倒是有兩個摩門教徒來過。


LAC

同類詞：LACW


ROV

remotely operated vehicle (“遠端遙控無人載具”)之首字母縮略詞。

recreational off-road vehicle (“休閒越野車”)之首字母縮略詞。


D♭

D-flat的另一種拼寫法


berthings

Senators brought television crews into cramped berthings.

参议员们把电视摄制组带到了狭窄的停泊处。

2009年February9日，Owen West，“An About-Face on Gay Troops”, in New York Times:


dyssynchronization

In this report, we describe a patient with a dual-chamber pacemaker with neglected or unresolved dyssynchronization that occurred 2 years after implantation.

在本報告中，我們描述了一位使用雙腔起搏器的患者，該患者在植入 2 年後出現了被忽視或未解決的同步不正確現象。

2014年August27日，Zeynettin Kaya et al.，“Is it a typical crosstalk: Need for re-implantation?”, in Journal of Arrhythmia，卷 31, →DOI:


INFP

introverted, intuitive, feeling and perceiving (“內向、直覺、情感、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ISTJ

introverted, sensing, thinking and judging (“內向、實感、思考、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


judging

/ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒɪŋ/

It is the contrasts between blind and self-evident judgings and between blind and correct affective attitudes which provide Brentano with the beginnings of an account of the dynamics of the mind which involves more than merely causal claims.

2004，Dale Jacquette，The Cambridge Companion to Brentano，頁 75:


ISTP

introverted, sensing, thinking and perceiving (“內向、實感、思考、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ESTP

extraverted, sensing, thinking and perceiving (“外向、實感、思考、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ESTJ

extraverted, sensing, thinking and judging (“外向、實感、思考、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ISFJ

introverted, sensing, feeling and judging (“內向、實感、情感、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ISFP

introverted, sensing, feeling and perceiving (“內向、實感、情感、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ESFP

extraverted, sensing, feeling and perceiving (“外向、實感、情感、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ESFJ

extraverted, sensing, feeling and judging (“外向、實感、情感、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


INFJ

introverted, intuitive, feeling and judging (“內向、直覺、情感、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ENFP

extraverted, intuitive, feeling and perceiving (“外向、直覺、情感、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ENFJ

extraverted, intuitive, feeling and judging (“外向、直覺、情感、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


INTJ

introverted, intuitive, thinking and judging (“內向、直覺、思考、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


INTP

introverted, intuitive, thinking and perceiving (“內向、直覺、思考、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ENTP

extraverted, intuitive, thinking and perceiving (“外向、直覺、思考、感知”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


ENTJ

extraverted, intuitive, thinking and judging (“外向、自覺、思考、判斷”)之首字母縮略詞：邁爾斯-布里格斯性格分類法所分類出的一種人格


collaboratrix

collaboratrixes (plural)
collaboratrices (plural)


amplificant

蕃擴大過程中任何取代了超原子的環狀烴


war crime

/ˈwɔɹ ˌkɹaɪm/

同類詞：crime against humanity、genocide、atrocity

Collective punishment is a war crime under the Geneva Convention.

根據日內瓦公約，連坐是一種戰爭罪。


esprit de corps

非同化借詞，源自法語 esprit de corps，源自 esprit (“精神”) + de (“的”) + corps (“身體”)。

/ɛˌspɹiː də ˈkɔː/

/ɛˌspɹi də ˈkɔɹ/

Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in Eustace street hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend covering the display of. Esprit de corps. Well, what are you gaping at?

1922 February，James Joyce，“[Episode 5: Lotus Eaters]”, in Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey]，頁 71:

Also, much depended on an exceptional esprit de corps which permeated the whole staff, and achieved miracles of promptitude in such details as engine-changing and the marshalling of trains.

1946 May and June，J. Alan Rannie，“The Midland of 35 Years Ago”, in Railway Magazine，頁 135:


aggravator

An aggravator, or love curl, of a delicate roundness, hung low upon the imperial forehead, […]

1848，William Evans Burton，Waggeries and Vagaries，頁 57:


leuchæmia

The fact is that leuchæmia is only a special kind of anæmia.
事實上，白血病只是一種特殊的貧血症。

1891, Charles Hilton Fagge, Philip Henry Pye‐Smith, Text‐book of the principles and practice of medicine, Volume II, Diseases of the Blood, page #625:


leukhæmia

In a brief appendix he details a few cases of leukhæmia, in two of which very notable improvements followed the use of arsenic for a time ; and the examinations of the blood seemed to show that this was due to the arsenic operating harmfully on the white corpuscles.

在一個簡短的附錄中，他詳細描述了幾例白血病病例，其中兩例在使用一段時間的砷後病情得到了非常顯著的改善；而血液檢查似乎表明，這是由於砷對白血球產生了有害作用。

1884，Sidney Coupland，“Anæmia and Allied Conditions”, in The Year‐Book of Treatment for 1884，頁 84:


yapper

人的嘴，尤其是閒話說得太多的人

Shut your yapper or I'll shut it for you!

閉上你的嘴，否則我替你閉上！

狂吠的動物；大聲閒聊的人

If you want your pack to be a deterrent against burglars or muggers, forget about small dogs, yappers though they be. Focus on the larger breeds, particularly working stock with strong instinctual drives.

如果你想讓你的狗群成為防盜或搶劫的威懾力量，那麼就別考慮小狗了，儘管它們很愛吠。你應該關注體型較大的品種，特別是具有強烈本能驅動力的工作犬。

2004，Theresa Mancus，Who moved my bone?: a guide for multi-dog households，頁 25:

I have to admit I would have a lot more tolerance for cell phone yappers on my one-hour train ride to and from work if they were actually learning — instead of yelling […]

我必須承認，如果他們真的在學習，而不是大呼小叫，我會對在上下班一小時的火車車程中對手機大聲閒聊的人有更多的容忍度。


political party

I told the Governors that I had never questioned the capacity or the sincerity or the ability of a man because he belonged to a different political party. No party had an overriding claim to patriotism. The times, I said, demanded that we put away our differences and close ranks in a determined effort to make our system of government function.

我告訴州長們，我從未因為一個人屬於不同的政黨而懷疑他的能力、誠意或才能。沒有哪個政黨擁有壓倒一切的愛國主義。我說，時代要求我們放下分歧，團結一致，堅定不移地努力使我們的政府體系發揮作用。

1971，Lyndon Johnson，“"I feel like I have already been here a year"”, in The Vantage Point，Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 28:


lap cheong

源自粵語 臘腸／腊肠 (laap⁶ coeng⁴⁻²)。


Chinese sausage

臘腸為中國常見的香腸種類，故名。


derogation

源自古法語 derogacion（對應法語 dérogation），源自拉丁語 dērogātiō。

/ˌdɛɹəˈɡeɪʃən/

Two sets of Mk. 2 coaches hauled by Class 37s were introduced on peak Rhymney services during the summer. The coaches do not comply with the Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) standards and would therefore need a derogation to continue in passenger service after 31 December.

2019 October，Rhodri Clark，“TfW seeks PRM derogation for Class 37 sets”, in Modern Railways，頁 87:


derogator

借自拉丁語 dērogātor，源自 dērogō。


angaria

angary的另一種寫法


angary

借自法語 angarie，源自晚期拉丁語 angaria (“徭役”)，源自古希臘語 ἀγγαρεία (angareía，“信使或使者的职责”)，源自 ἄγγαρος (ángaros，“信使”)，源自古波斯語 *𐎠𐎥𐎼𐎠 (a-g-r-a /*angarā/，“信件”)，源自亞拉姆語 *𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡀 (*ʾngrʾ /*ʾengarā/)、*𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (*ʾngrtʾ /*ʾengartā/)，𐡀𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (ʾgrtʾ /ʾiggartā/)、𐡀𐡍𐡂𐡓𐡕𐡀 (ʾngrtʾ /ʾengirtā/，“信件，信函；契约”) 的異體，源自阿卡德語 𒂊𒄈𒌅 (egirtu，“刻有铭文的石板；命运的神谕，模棱两可的措辞；契约，有约束力的交易”)，源自 𒄃 (egēru，“难以对付，被扭曲或锁在一起；舌头扭曲，无法违抗命令”)。參見古典敘利亞語 ܐܓܪܬܐ (ʾeggarṯā，“信件；文檔”)。

非常徵用權 （冲突中交战国有权在支付补偿的情况下夺取、使用或毁坏另一个交战国或中立国，或其私人公民的财产）


perpetual motion machine

perpetual motion machine of the first kind

perpetual motion machine of the second kind


doggy bag

源自 doggy + bag。“打包盒”義項來自“把打包的東西帶回家給狗吃”的想法。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-doggy bag.wav

裝公共場合拾起的狗屎的袋子


gelateria

借自意大利語 gelateria，源自 gelato (“冰淇淋”) + -eria。

/dʒəˌlatəˈɹiːə/

/d͡ʒəˌlætəˈɹi.ə/

As such, gelaterie are just as much a part of the Roman experience as the ancient Colosseum and the Forum.

因此，冰淇淋店与古罗马斗兽场和古罗马广场一样，是罗马体验的重要组成部分。

A death-by-chocolate option you are unlikely to find in restaurants but is a speciality in some gelaterie and cafés is the gianduiotto, a little slab of gianduia chocolate ice cream surmounted by a cup of whipped cream.

2006，Damien Simonis，Venice，Lonely Planet Publications, →ISBN，頁 155:

Forty years later, in a bustling downtown with more than its share of students, homeless people and gelaterias, Berkeley Rep occupies two sleek, custom-built theaters.

2008年March2日，Joy Goodwin，“Left Coast Ideas, Floating East”, in New York Times:

Claudia and I are suckers for gelato, and when you walk through Florence, gelaterie are everywhere.

克劳迪娅和我都非常喜欢吃意式冰淇淋，当你走在佛罗伦萨时，你会发现到处都是冰淇淋店。

2013，Jeff Michaud，Eating Italy: A Chef’s Culinary Adventure，Running Press, →ISBN:

While there are still some old-fashioned gelaterie making gelato with natural ingredients such as real fruit and nuts, the majority of places you run into in the more heavily “touristed” areas of town churn their ice cream from premade mixes or buy industrially premade gelato.

虽然仍有一些老式的冰淇淋店使用真正的水果和坚果等天然成分制作冰淇淋，但在城镇中“游客较多”的地区遇到的大多数地方，都是使用预先制作的混合物来制作冰淇淋或购买工业预制的冰淇淋。

2015，Elizabeth Minchilli，Eating Rome: Living the Good Life in the Eternal City，New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Griffin, →ISBN，頁 171:


alma mater

源自拉丁語 alma māter (字面意思是“母親的哺乳”)。衍生自歐洲最古老的大學———波隆那大學（博洛尼亞大學）的全稱("Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna")。

almae matres (plural)
alma maters (plural)

/ˌælmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/

/ˌɑːlmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/

I’m in the place where I grew up, where my alma mater is.

我在我成長的地方，也是我的母校所在地。

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Evesham (1870)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 58:


chastity cage

貞操鎖；男性用的貞操裝置


police station

When the ballots were opened on 19 November, Hsu Hsin-liang’s supporters at a polling station in Chungli City suspected fraud. As the crowd swelled to approximately a thousand, rioting erupted. One protester was killed and the Chungli police station was burned.

11月19日开票时，中坜市投票站内，许信良的支持者怀疑有舞弊行为，现场人数增至近千人，随即爆发骚乱，一名抗议者被杀，中坜警察局被烧毁。

1999，Shelley Rigger，“Political reform under Chiang Ching-kuo (1972-1988) [蔣經國治下（1972-1988）的政治改革]”, in Politics in Taiwan: Voting for democracy [台灣政治：為民主投票]，Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 115:

In trying to stop him from exploiting more children, I was ensuring my parents and my siblings would be ostracised. She begged me not to go to the police station.

为了阻止他继续剥削更多的孩子，我注定要让我的父母和兄弟姐妹被排斥。她恳求我不要去警察局。

2014年August29日，Ruzwana Bashir，“The untold story of how a culture of shame perpetuates abuse. I know, I was a victim [羞耻文化如何助长虐待行为的不为人知故事。我知道，我是一个受害者]”, in The Guardian:


retcon

retroactive (“追溯的”) + continuity (“連續性”) 組成的混成詞。retroactive continuity（追溯連貫性）一詞由《群星中队》等超級英雄漫畫的作者 Roy Thomas 推廣開來，他稱這個詞出自一位匿名人士。

補充與修正虛構文學作品中之前已發表的故事：吃書

TLC: What do you say to the Legion fans who have become disenfranchised with the series due to its various retcons and reboots?

TLC：对于《军团》系列因各种吃书和重启而失去兴趣的粉丝，您想对它们说些什么呢？

2003，Glen Cadigan，The Legion Companion，頁 152:

Fans talk of retcon—retroactive continuity—giving information that explains an earlier event, especially seeming plot contradictions or lacunae.

2005，Rhonda Wilcox，Why Buffy Matters: The Art of Buffy the Vampire Slayer，頁 9:

It's a little trick called retcon, short for "retroactive continuity," […]
Yet I'm unsure even Millar is fully aware of the power given him by the retcon.

2006，The Man from Krypton: A Closer Look at Superman，頁 155:


SAS

stability augmentation system (“穩定增強系統”)之首字母縮略詞。

special assistance school (“特別輔助學校”)之首字母縮略詞。

secure attention sequence (“安全注意序列”)之首字母縮略詞。

space adaptation syndrome (“太空適應症候群”)之首字母縮略詞。


SAO

session-at-once (“一次性區段記錄”)之首字母縮略詞。

Specified Associated Organisation (“指定關聯機構”)之首字母縮略詞。

school attendance order (“學校出席順序”)之首字母縮略詞。


stat

statistic (“統計量”) 的截斷形式。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stat.wav

There are some glittering stats out there regarding Brassey: namely that he'd built around one-third of Britain's railways by the time he was in his early 40s, and that by the time of his death (aged 65) he was responsible for around one-twentieth of the world's railways.

有一些關於布拉西的驚人統計數據：即他在40歲出頭時已經建造了大約三分之一的英國鐵路，到他65歲去世時，他負責的鐵路約占全球鐵路的二十分之一。

2021年December29日，斯蒂芬羅伯茲，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Chester (1848)”, in Rail，期 947，頁 57:


stat

法定公共假日（也稱作 stat holiday）


stat

photostat (“直接影印機”) 的截斷形式。


manumission

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 manūmissiō。

The most important law of Augustus, was the lex oelia sentia, deserving of all praise, which related to the manumission of slaves.

奥古斯都最重要的法律是《艾里亞·森迪亞法》，值得一切赞扬，该法律与解放奴隶有关。

1867，John Lord，The Old Roman World: the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization:

In the west, and especially in Cornwall, the names of the serfs were mainly Celtic,—Griffith, Modred, Riol, and so forth,—as may be seen from the list of manumissions preserved in a mass-book at St. Petroc's, or Padstow.

1881，Grant Allen，章號 19, in Anglo-Saxon Britain:

The more innocent dreamed of a manumission kindly bestowed by the new Emperor as one of a number of acts of justice and clemency proper to a new reign.

1985，Anthony Burgess，Kingdom of the Wicked:

Rather than encouraging his countrymen to liberate their slaves, he opposed both private manumission and public emancipation.

2012年November30日，Paul Finkelman，“The Real Thomas Jefferson: The Monster of Monticello”, in New York Times, retrieved 2015-08-03:


dissuader

From all our experience on the subject, Members of Parliament have always been the dissuaders of the attempts of Dissenters; among whom an almost irrepressible impatience and disgust at their and their leaders' apathy have long existed.

1827，The Monthly Repository of Theology and General Literature，頁 303:


principia

I do really think, that your book […] might become an institute, containing the principia of those laws of motion, by which the system of the human community is framed and doth act […]

1776, Thomas Pownall, in a letter to the economist Adam Smith


nata de coco

借自西班牙語 nata de coco (字面意思是“椰子奶油”)。


plant milk

Plant milks can, nevertheless, have a dark side, as when any crop is produced in mass quantities.

2020年January29日，Annette McGivney，“Almonds are out. Dairy is a disaster. So what milk should we drink?”, in The Guardian:


mesugaki

借自日語 メスガキ (mesugaki)，源自雌(めす) (mesu，“雌性（動物）”) + 餓鬼(がき) (gaki，“小子”)。此詞於2020年左右開始為英語使用。

WE NEED MORE POKEKID IN EEVEE COSTUME DOUJINS DAMMIT!!
preferably one that presents her as a mesugaki :9

2020年May26日，@harid_ziran，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-18:

Riro quickly became one of the company’s most popular idols due to her gimmick as a “mesugaki” type character.

2023年November28日，Brandon Lyttle，“VTuber Riro Ron terminated for ‘dangerous and harmful’ activities”, in Niche Gamer，存檔自the original on 2023-11-29:

Mutsuki is a brat that like to be suggestive with sensei. She's a mesugaki archetype, one of the more popular one in fact (despite it starting in azur lane)

2023年December25日，@megamega171，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-20:

Youre Oshi is the vtuber who made the loli song playing into the lolicon fetish of the Mesugaki. Dude cant pick a side on this topic.

2024年April16日，@king_of_games34，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-20:


calculandum

拉丁語 calculandum（ calculandus 的主格中性单数形式，而该词又是 calculō (“计算”) 的将来被动分词）在英语的名词化，对照 analysandum、cogitandum、explicandum、memorandum 等

用于计算的方程式、比率或其他定量问题


present tense

Animals—lions and zebras and beautiful snakes—live vividly in the present tense, in a bright unconsciousness of time. That is their innocence and their limitation. Humans carry with them their experiences, their pasts; men and women work with a knowledge of consequences and, doing so, impose order on the chaotic present and project consequences into the future.

1998年March30日，Lance Morrow，“The Trouble With The Present Tense”, in Time:


CQC

close quarters combat (“近身距離作戰”)之首字母縮略詞。


BSL

breed-specific legislation (“特定品種法律”) 之首字母縮略詞。

biosafety level (“生物安全等級”)之首字母縮略詞。

The scientists then carried out their experiments at the same level of security as their other work with the coronaviruses, known as Biosafety Level 3, or BSL-3.

2022年July15日，Carl Zimmer，“Bat Virus Studies Raise Questions About Laboratory Tinkering”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


infestant

Fungal spores or other structures produced by some of the pathogens are quite visible to the naked eye. These are mostly found as seed contaminants or seed infestants.

2009，H. Lewin Devasahayam，Illustrated Plant Pathology: Basic Concepts，頁 380:


vagitus

源自拉丁語 vāgītus (“哭泣”)，源自 vāgiō。


OAS

oral allergy syndrome (“口腔過敏症候群”)之首字母縮略詞。


remede

remeid的另一種寫法


indagator

借自拉丁語 indāgātor (“調查者”)。

For that, being the number of the Elements, Principles, or Materiall Ingredients of Bodies, is an enquiry whole truth is of that Importance, and of that Difficulty, that it may as well deserve as require to be searched into by such skilfull Indagators of Nature as your selves.

1661，Robert Boyle，The Sceptical Chymist [懷疑派的化學家]，頁s 5–6:


recibiendo

斗牛士站立不动以便让冲过来的公牛冲向剑的技巧


wars

He's tough. He's been through all the wars.

他很坚强。他从经历过的所有战争中活了下来。


macadamia

macadamia nut

夏威夷果（可食用的種子）

夏威夷果（常綠喬木，Macadamia）

夏威夷果（可食用的種子）


macadamia nut

夏威夷果（可食用的種子）


cooldown

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cooldown.wav

冷卻時間, 遊戲中持續使用虛擬物品或技能釋放所必須的間隔時間
具有强大效果但冷却时间较长的特殊能力

I had to wait for the cooldown to finish before recasting the spell.

我必须等待冷却时间结束后才能重新施放该咒语。

Private Terminal: After using a power, you must wait for it to recharge before using it again.
Private Terminal: This is called the cooldown period. When a power is in cooldown, its icon is gray. A red icon indicates that the power cannot affect the current target.

2012，BioWare，Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC，幕：Tactical Mastery: Advanced Power Use:

各組運動或各次訓練之間的休息時間

任何活動或事件中的休息時間


goose bump

因像被拔去毛的鵝身上的疙瘩，故名。


bumps

将某人抛向空中以庆祝其生日的仪式


goose flesh

/ˈɡuːsˌflɛʃ/


exacerbation

借自拉丁語 exacerbātiōnem，源自 exacerbāre (“激怒；加劇”)。參見 exacerbate。


exacerbator

exacerbators of pulmonary disease


santol

借自他加祿語 santol，可能源自馬來語 sentul。對照班詩蘭語 pantol。


æstuary

[…] yet I cannot help thinking some allusion may be made to the “Chapel of the Grune,” which in the older maps of Cumberland is marked as existing on the point of land on the western coast running into the æstuary of the Wampool, not far from Skinbumess, which forms part of Allerdale ward, below Derwent, but its history I have in vain searched for in various topographical works.

1839，Frederic Madden，“Syr Gawayn and the Grene Knyȝt”, in Syr Gawayne，頁s 320–321:


one of His Majesty's bad bargains

暗示這名士兵不值得他所得到的報酬。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-one of His Majesty's bad bargains.ogg

無能力（因病等）或不稱職的士兵


stock market

stock market 不代表具體的地方，證券交易所應使用 stock exchange 表達。


magic box

The viewer sits in front of the "magic box," being entertained.

觀眾坐在「魔術盒子」前享受著娛樂。

A television program is a magic act. […] It was his [Walter Cronkite's] ability to appear in the magic box that gave him the tremendous authority necessary to lay claim to the absolute truth.

電視節目就是一場魔術表演。 […] 正是他 [華特‧克朗凱特] 出現在魔術盒子中的能力賦予了他宣稱擁有絕對真理所必需的巨大權威。

2009，Marianne van den Boomen，Digital Material: Tracing New Media in Everyday Life and Technology，頁 174:


nosering

On the first wedding night of the marriage ceremony, the husband removes the big nosering of the bride, which is the symbolic representation of the girl being a virgin till that moment.

在婚禮的第一個新婚之夜，丈夫會摘下新娘的大鼻環，這象徵著女孩在那一刻之前還是處女。

1993，Mohsen Saeidi Madani，Impact of Hindu Culture on Muslims，M D Publications Pvt Ltd, →ISBN，頁 146:

[…] My mother and grandmother wore nine-yard saris, with heavy anklets, armlets, waist belts and enormous noserings, but they observed all the Jewish rituals.'

2002，Esther David，Book of Esther，Viking, →ISBN，頁 369:

A woman with dyed black hair and a greenstone nosering returns to a story she must have almost finished before I came in.

2007，Kristen Tsetsi，Homefront，Penxhere Press, →ISBN，頁 225:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:nosering。


crew neck

For a writer celebrated for his control of his characters’ inner lives, for a husband and father notoriously prickly about his expression of the suburban proprieties — the crewneck Shetland sweater and khakis, the plummy faux-Brahmin accent, the adoring Labrador at his feet, the woodpile neatly stacked and grass hand-scythed — here was scandal in full spate, sludge flooding over his family and friends.

對於一位因掌控角色內心世界而廣受讚譽的作家，對於一位因表現郊區禮節而出了名的苛刻丈夫和父親——穿著圓領雪蘭羊毛衫和卡其褲，帶著假裝上層階級的優雅口音，腳邊有一隻崇拜的拉布拉多犬，柴火整齊堆放，草坪由手工割草刀修剪——這裡出現了一場全面的醜聞，污水泛濫，波及他的家庭和朋友。

2009年March15日，傑佛瑞沃爾夫，“Suburban Suffering”, in 紐約時報:

圓領的襯衫、毛衣等類似衣物


test tube baby

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-test tube baby.wav


allegorising

用寓言的方式表達，寓言化（行為）


assimilator

藻类中参与光合作用的细胞丝，通常充满叶绿体


Garden of Eden

仿譯自聖經希伯來語 גַּן עֵדֶן (gan ʿḗḏen)。

充滿純真美好的地方；田园乌托邦；世外桃源，樂土

自动机的初始配置，且无法从任何其他状态到达

In this paper the author presents some properties regarding the existence or non-existence of gardens of Eden for the cellular automata.

1986，Patrick Chenin, Claire Di Crescenzo, François Robert，Computers and Computing: Proceedings，頁 181:

I have gotten interested in Garden-of-Eden configurations in Life. All that I have been able to uncover thus far is that there are 2 know configurations:

1989年October20日，Rajeev Pandey，“hints and topics, anyone?”, in comp.theory.cell-automata (Usenet):

A configuration e not in the image of τ, namely e ∈ C \\ τ[C] is called a Garden of Eden (briefly GOE) configuration, this biblical terminology being motivated by the fact that GOE configurations only appear as initial configurations.

2004，Tullio Ceccherini-Silberstein with Francesca FiorenziandFabio Scarabotti, “The Garden of Eden Theorem for Cellular Automata and for Symbolic Dynamical Systems”, in Random Walks and Geometry: Proceedings of a Workshop at the Erwin Schrödinger Institute, Vienna, June 18 - July 13, 2001，Walter de Gruyter, →ISBN, →OL:


crew cut

因賽艇隊隊員留這種髮型而得名。


crewcut

crew cut的另一種拼寫法


FMD

functional movement disorder (“功能性神經疾患”)之首字母縮略詞。

People with FMD physically have the ability to control their bodies, but they’ve lost hold of the reins, resulting in involuntary, abnormal behaviours.

2021年September1日，Grace Browne，“They saw a YouTube video. Then they got Tourette’s”, in Wired UK, →ISSN，存檔自the original on 2021-09-04:


combust

繼承自中古英語 combust (“被燃燒”)，源自古法語 combust，源自拉丁語 combustus，拉丁語 combūrere (“燒掉，燒毀”) 的完成被動分詞。


mako

借自毛利語 makō (“鯊魚”)，是更標準的mangō (“鯊魚”)的南毛利語方言形式。


Cush

kush (“大麻”)的另一種寫法

He loved smoking joints and couldn't handle blunts. […] I also had him backstage smoking Cush with Jeezy and Will.

他喜欢抽大麻烟，抽不来雪茄。 […] 我还让他在后台和 Jeezy 和 Will 一起抽大麻。

2013，Chauncey "Chino Dolla" Stevens, Antoine "Don Twan" Robinson，A Hustler's Dream I: Grinding in Atlanta's Hip Hop Underworld，MasterMind Publishing, Inc., →ISBN，頁 239:

I couldn't work with my hands anymore. To make money I started selling Cush, which was considered to be fake weed. It stopped the pain in my hands. I was addicted to the fake crap. I was smoking more ...

我再也无法用手工作了。为了赚钱，我开始卖印度大麻，人都认它是假大麻。它缓解了我手上的疼痛。我对假大麻上瘾了。我抽的烟越来越多……

2020，Samuel Van Ness IV，A Stranger Within (HC)，Dorrance Publishing, →ISBN，頁 289:

It was June of 2015; we were just smoking Cush with my friends as usual when suddenly something hit me hard on the right ... I thought it was nothings serious, I got up and tried to smoke a gain, but this time it switches up my chest ...

那是2015年6月；我们正像往常一样和朋友们一起抽大麻，突然好像有什么东西重重地击中了我的右侧……我以为没什么大不了的，我站起来并试图抽一根烟，但这一次它却转向了我的胸部……

2021，Okuon Cham，From Hell to Haven; Darkness to Light; Negativity to Positivity; and from Cradle to Salvation, Life Journey，Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN:


Kush

來自這種大麻原產地 Hindu Kush 的縮略。

kush的大小寫替代形式

Kush is a pure indica and is a short, compact plant. A two-time winner of the international Cannabis Cup, Kush is very popular among indica growers.

Kush 是纯印度大麻，植株矮小紧凑。Kush 曾两次获得国际大麻杯冠军，在印度大麻种植者中非常受欢迎。

2010，Alicia Williamson，Grow Marijuana Now!: An Introductory, Step-by-Step Guide to Growing Cannabis [现在就开始种大麻！：大麻种植入门分步指南]，頁 95:

This particular type of marijuana is a favorite of the rapper as well as many other weed aficionados. Known for its sweet smell, Kush also packs quite the punch with a high level of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

这种大麻是说唱歌手和许多其他大麻爱好者的最爱。Kush 以其甜味而闻名，还含有大量四氢大麻酚 (THC)，冲劲很足。

2009，I. M. Stoned，Weed: 420 Things You Didn't Know (or Remember) about Cannabis [大麻：你不知道（或不记得）的 420 件事]，頁 3:


comitatus

非同化借詞，源自拉丁語 comitatus，源自 comes (“同伴，夥伴”)。county 的同源對似詞，該詞源自盎格魯-諾曼語或古法語。

隨從國王或其他領導人的一隊士兵或貴族


eviction

借自中古法語 éviction，源自晚期拉丁語 ēvictiō，源自拉丁語 ēvincō。

驅逐，逐出，強迫搬走（行為）

被驅逐、逐出、強迫搬走（狀態）


fleshlight

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fleshlight.wav


Noah's ark

一種玩具，包括模型船和可以放進裡面的動物


Noh

日語 能 (nō)的不規則羅馬化。


victim-blaming

指責受害人，受害者有罪論


political correctness

The notion of political correctness has ignited controversy across the land. And although the movement arises from the laudable desire to sweep away the debris of racism and sexism and hatred, it replaces old prejudice with new ones.

政治正确这一概念在全国引发了争议。尽管这场运动的初衷是希望扫除种族主义、性别歧视和仇恨，但它却用新的偏见取代了旧的偏见。

1991年May4日，George H. W. Bush，“President George H.W. Bush's commencement address at the University of Michigan [乔治·H·W·布什总统在密歇根大学毕业典礼上的演讲]”, in The Michigan Daily:

I mean, people who talk about political correctness as being a kind of thought police have no idea of what a thought police is. But political correctness does have the same mentality. It means that intellectual argument is doomed. Objective truth simply becomes a thing to jeer at, because obviously there's no such thing as objectivity—unless of course you're politically okay, in which case you can be objective. Any child can see through that, but many adults can't.

我的意思是，那些说政治正确是思想警察的人根本不知道什么是思想警察。但政治正确确实有同样的心态。这意味着知识上的论证注定要失败。客观真理只是被嘲笑的东西，因为显然没有客观性这回事——除非你政治上没问题，这样你就可以客观了。任何孩子都能看穿这一点，但许多成年人却看不透。

2002 October，Christopher Hitchens，“The Power of Facing [面对的力量]”, in The Atlantic:

Political correctness cripples discourse, creates ugly language and is generally stupid.

政治正确会削弱言论、产生丑陋的语言，而且总体来说是愚蠢的。

2004，George Carlin，When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops?，New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 72:


wumpus

基於早期以文字為基礎的電腦遊戲《Hunt the Wumpus》（1973）。

In addition to the Wumpus, other dangers are lurking: namely deadly pits, and bats that grab the player and drop her in a random cave.

1987，Etienne Wenger，Artificial Intelligence and Tutoring Systems:

A scream occurs when the agent shoots an arrow that kills the wumpus.

2003，Selmer Bringsjord, Michael John Zenzen，Superminds: People Harness Hypercomputation, and More:

In Hunter, towards the end of the game, the player is tracking the wounded wumpus and finds herself in a room of interconnected caves.

2008，Andreas Jahn-Sudmann, Ralf Stockmann，Computer Games as a Sociocultural Phenomenon:


alliteration

借自新拉丁語 allīterātiō，來自allīterātus，來自allīterō，來自拉丁語 ad (“到，朝向，靠近”)和lītera (“字母”)。

/əˌlɪtəˈɹeɪʃən/

[əˌlɪɾəˈɹeɪʃən]

同類詞：assonance

So fish fury all round, as there has been in the past. And as an aside, that alliteration was, sadly, not mine that of a former political correspondent of the Daily Record, John Deans, and applied to the 'cod wars' with Iceland.

2018年March20日，“Fish fury flares over Brussels Brexit deal”, in ITV:


syllabi

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-syllabi.wav


encomia

encomium (“讚美，頌揚”) 的複數

Needless to say the obituaries for Hefner, even if they acknowledge the seaminess, have been full of encomia for his great deeds: Hef the vanquisher of puritanism, Hef the political progressive, Hef the great businessman and all the rest.

2017年September30日，Ross Douthat，“Speaking Ill of Hugh Hefner”, in New York Times:


stroke of luck

意外的運氣，通常是指好運

What makes this accident so significant is that Hunt's southbound goods train was loaded with ammunition bound for the First World War battle zone. The major stroke of luck was that the 39 trucks loaded with ammunition did not explode as a result of the collision, and that there was no fire from cinders from either engine or from the stoves in the brake vans.

这次事故之所以意义重大，是因为亨特的南行货运列车装载着运往第一次世界大战战场的弹药。幸运的是，39 辆满载弹药的卡车在碰撞中没有爆炸，发动机和制动车厢的炉子产生的余烬也没有起火。

2022年August24日，Bruce Healey，“Wartime tunnel crash: a miraculous escape”, in RAIL，期 964，頁 52:


nose-picking

用手指從鼻孔裡摳出的一塊鼻屎


nosepicker

But as I got older and saw more of the world, I soon discovered that nosepickers weren't all that uncommon; and, in fact, were a lot more common than I could've ever imagined.

但随着我长大，见识了更多的世界，我很快发现挖鼻孔的人并不罕见；事实上，他们比我想象的要常见得多。


throwing

[…] it looked like a house where they played charades, where there would be long streamers of evergreen and dozens of wreaths of holly at Christmas-time, where there were tearful, happy weddings and great throwings of rice after little brides […]

1909，Booth Tarkington，Beasley's Christmas Party:


KPI

key performance indicator (“關鍵績效指標”)之首字母縮略詞。


fougasse

fougade

一種老式地雷，由填滿爆炸物的散兵坑構成

富加斯（一種來自普羅旺斯的格子形麵包）

一種老式地雷，由填滿爆炸物的散兵坑構成


sonofabitch

sonofabitches (plural)
sonsofbitches (plural)
sonsabitches (plural)

The attacking arm held up the forearm of his starboard manipulator and waved it around in victory in front of the ceramic dome. In front of Chad. "I'm not done yet, you sonofabitch," Chad reached down, flipped two protective covers, and jettisoned both forward arms.

2006，Robert Wernli，Sunrise Cartel，頁 116:


CXR

chest X-ray (“胸部X光”)之首字母縮略詞。


UTI

urinary tract infection (“泌尿道感染”)之首字母縮略詞。


recolor

She elaborates further: "It has given me great satisfaction and fulfillment that people like my recolors. These feelings make my days less lonely and boring, even if it is only from a recolor of an object in a computer simulation game. […]

2010，J. Gee, Elisabeth R. Hayes，Women and Gaming: The Sims and 21st Century Learning，頁 88:


Hela

Elu (“僧伽羅語的祖語”)的另一種寫法


sicsac

ziczac (“藍腿燕鴴，埃及鴴”)的另一種寫法


designe

design的已棄用拼寫


commender

The Germans and the French became reformers; but the Anglo-Saxons were the first translators and commenders of the Bible, and of universal Bible reading.

1850，William Kimbrough Pendleton，The Millennial Harbinger, Volume 7:


Cham

源自阿爾巴尼亞語 Çam m。

来自“Çamëri”地區的阿尔巴尼亚人，最初居住在希腊伊庇鲁斯地区的西部


essent

1959年拉爾夫·曼海姆翻譯馬丁·海德格著作 Einführung in die Metaphysik 時所造，模仿德語 Seiendes（與 Sein 區分），基於 essens，即仿拉丁語 sum 的現在分詞。

Why are there essents rather than nothing? That is the question. Clearly it is no ordinary question. “Why are there essents, why is there anything at all, rather than nothing?”—obviously this is the first of all questions, though not in a chronological sense.

1959，Martin Heidegger，譯者 Ralph Manheim, An Introduction to Metaphysics，頁 1:

As against this, the non-conceptual creative word, instead of enabling us to grasp and lay hold of what is already there before us, instead of serving merely as a means to describing what is present, calls into being. It is evocative of Being; it invokes that presence (Anwesenheit), i.e., Being, within which (in the light of which) anything can appear before us as an essent.

1992，Jarava Lal Mehta，J.L. Mehta on Heidegger, Hermeneutics and Indian Tradition，頁 51:

The essent can be things at our disposal; things at hand such as tools, or vehicles. The land, the sea, the mountains, rivers, woods are also essents. Trees, birds, insects, grasses and stones are essents.

2007，Marko Zlomislić，Jacques Derrida’s Aporetic Ethics，頁 116:


100-year flood

在任意年份發生大規模或更大規模洪水的機率為1%的洪水事件


MAP

half board

modified American plan (“修正美式計價”)之首字母縮略詞，飯店價格包含住宿、早餐、晚餐，但不包含午餐。

(minor-attracted person)： 通常被用來解釋為說話者支持 (或同情) 這類人的一種表現。

modified atmosphere packaging (“置換氣體包裝”)之首字母縮略詞。

mean arterial pressure (“平均動脈壓”)之首字母縮略詞。

methyl-acetylene propadiene (“甲基乙炔丙二烯”) 之首字母縮略詞。

Mexican-American Princess (“墨西哥美國公主”)之首字母縮略詞；過度物質主義和自私的墨西哥裔美國年輕婦女。

My Puerto Rican roommate, who had survived the New York school system, would sarcastically call me a “MAP” or Mexican-American princess because of my boarding school experience.

I guess in many ways I was becoming a Jewish American Princess, also known as a JAP. I thought Jewish men were supposed to totally take care of you. This was not the case with Bob. Oh, I forgot, I’m not Jewish. I was a BAP (translation: a Black American Princess instead of a Jewish American Princess. For any other princesses just put your ethnicity in front and add American Princess. For instance you can be a SAP, Spanish American Princess; a DAP, Dominican American Princess; or even a MAP, Mexican American Princess. Can you imagine being a BAP, SAP, or MAP? Whatever Princess you are, just make sure your Prince is taking care of you.

2010年April20日，B.J.Ray，Porgies Are Best: A Fishmonger’s Daughter，頁 42:

Frank, Annalise’s main henchman, blames Laurel, the intern student he’s screwing, for messing up their secret trip to get DNA. “I’m pissed because you tattled to the teacher like the spoiled little M.A.P you are,” he snaps. Someone in the car asks what’s a M.A.P? “A Mexican American Princess,” Laurel explains, pissed off at the pejorative.

2016年January6日，James West，“One of the Best TV Shows of 2016 Will Still Be “How to Get Away With Murder.” Here’s Why.”, in Mother Jones:


PCI

Peripheral Component Interconnect (“外设组件互连标准”)之首字母縮略詞。

percutaneous coronary intervention (“经皮冠状动脉介入治疗”)之首字母縮略詞。


PDU

power distribution unit (“配電裝置單元”)之首字母縮略詞。

propwash deflection unit (“螺旋槳偏轉單元”)之首字母縮略詞。

professional development unit (“專業發展學分”)之首字母縮略詞。


free trade

Hidden behind thickets of acronyms and gorse bushes of detail, a new great game is under way across the globe.[…]The current power play consists of an extraordinary range of countries simultaneously sitting down to negotiate big free trade and investment agreements.

2013年July19日，Timothy Garton Ash，“Where Dr Pangloss meets Machiavelli”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 6，頁 18:


expando

運行時新增至物件／對象的屬性

Because JavaScript objects are not constrained to predefined interfaces as they are with .NET objects, you can set expando properties on any object.

2009，Ted Pattison, Daniel Larson，Inside Microsoft Windows Sharepoint Services 3.0:

I talk more about expandos in Chapter 10. This means that you can arbitrarily add new properties to an object whenever you want.

2010，Alexei White，JavaScript Programmer's Reference:


foreste

forest的已棄用拼寫


reformado

源自西班牙語 reformar，源自拉丁語 refōrmāre。

reformados (plural)
reformadoes (plural)

This was one of Celestin the pope's caveats for his new reformadoes

1631，John Weever，Ancient Funerall Monuments:

被剥夺指挥权但保留军衔（有时还有薪水）的军官

Turn all the Reformado's out of the Line: Withdraw all their Guards from the Houses

1648，Clement Walker，The History of Independency:


reguarde

regard的棄用形式。


ETC

electron transport chain (“电子传递链”) 之首字母縮略詞。

Exchange-Traded Commodity (“交易所交易商品”) 之首字母縮略詞。

Electronic Toll Collection (“電子道路收費系統”) 之首字母縮略詞。


blue wall

源自 blue + wall。
* (政治)： “blue”代指該黨的代表色，“wall”則表示對其的堅定支持。


rehabilitant

被改造、修復者；康復者，恢復者

The rehabilitator and the rehabilitant assess each other.

康复师与接受康复治疗者互相评估。

1973，James F. Garrett, Edna Simon Levine，Rehabilitation Practices with the Physically Disabled，頁 20:

This does happen for some; for example, peer counseling experience gained as an advanced rehabilitant working with more recently admitted clients/patients has been a stepping stone toward professional training for a number of people.

2003，Carolyn L. Vash, Nancy M. Crewe，Psychology of Disability, →ISBN，頁 256:

Considering rehabilitant variants that are modifications of provisional wild innovations, geographic prevalence was wider in wild orangutans for 7 entries, roughly equal for 16 entries, and wider in rehabilitants for 20 entries.

2010，Serge A. Wich, S Suci Utami Atmoko, Tatang Mitra Setia，Orangutans: Geographic Variation in Behavioral Ecology and Conservation, →ISBN:

Rijksen (1978) observed a rehabilitant aggressively Jabbing with a long stick at a caged clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa).

2011，Robert W. Shumaker, Kristina R. Walkup, Benjamin B. Beck，Animal Tool Behavior: The Use and Manufacture of Tools by Animals, →ISBN:


electoral district

Electoral district 是正式及學術用語。該詞常縮略作 district；不同地區也可能使用不同的詞來表示。在加拿大，儘管聯邦及省級選區常用 riding 表示，立法上仍用 electoral district。

When comparing voting systems, it is important to know how many representatives are elected from each electoral district.

当比较投票制度时，了解每个选区选出多少名代表是很重要的。


impresse

impress (“箴言徽章”)的棄用形式。


impressum

德國或一些德語國家出版物或網頁中必須包含的出版/版權說明


imprimantur

借自拉丁語 imprimantur (“讓他們被壓印”)，imprimere (“壓印”) 的第三人稱複數現在虛擬被動形式。

Then thus we sum up our affairs:

1738: John Bancks, The Author’s Picture. A fourth Epistle to Mr. Pope., 14ᵗʰ verse, lines 7–12

…among other pleasing circumstances, let our constant correspondent the indefatigable Mr. Ring, derive an unmixed gratification from learning that his writings, together with those of the Society in which he incessantly labours, receive the imprimantur of the Physician General at Madras.

? (1799–1833): J. Souter et alii, The London Medical and Physical Journal, p381

You are perfectly at liberty to deal with them as you please. Auctore tantum anonymo, imprimantur; and when printed, send me a copy⁴¹.

1836，William Cowper, Robert Southey，The Works of William Cowper, Esq., Comprising His Poems, Correspondence and Translations. With a Life of the Author，頁 38:

…any literature touching upon it is to be condignly abolished Imprimantur, the revised New Testament, the ‘Lamplighter’, and the tracts of Christian knowledge.

1891，Robert Williams Buchanan，The Coming Terror and Other Essays and Letters，頁 108:

…imprimantur; and when printed but for half an hour, yet, without boasting…

2005，William Cowper，The Works of William Cowper: His Life, Letters and Poems，頁 140:


débouché

借自法語 débouché。

The débouchés were ordered widened to afford easy egress.


insertor

At the time when I observed him in an act of fellatio, he played the insertor role.

当我观察他进行口交行为时，他扮演的是插入者的角色。

2017，Laud Humphreys，Tearoom Trade: Impersonal Sex in Public Places:


interpretant

符号对阅读或理解它的人产生的影响


mangu

借自西班牙語 mangú。

基本用於多明尼加和其他說西班牙語的國家，但後來亦傳播至加拿大和美國。


idée reçue

借自法語 idée reçue。


flower-of-an-hour

野西瓜苗，香鈴草，小秋葵，打瓜花，山西瓜秧（Hibiscus trionum）


relvar

relation variable 的縮略，由克里斯托佛·達特所造。


relevé

源自法語 relevé (“抬起的”)。

舞者从半蹲姿势升至脚掌以保持单脚或双脚平衡的姿势


détente

非同化借詞，源自法語 détente (“放鬆”)。

緩和（尤指兩國之間的關係）

Analogous structural and political constraints stood in the way of a lasting détente between Germany and Britain.

类似的结构性和政治性限制阻碍了德国和英国之间持久的缓和。

2012，Christopher Clark，The Sleepwalkers [夢遊者們]，Penguin, 出版於 2013，頁 318:

No step the United States could take anywhere in the world would bring strategic benefits as great as detente with Iran.

美国在世界任何地方采取任何举措，都无法像缓和与伊朗的关系那样带来巨大的战略利益。

2014年January14日，Stephen Kinzer，“Invading Iraq was dumb enough. Now Congress wants to derail the Iran deal [入侵伊拉克已经够愚蠢了。现在国会想破坏伊朗协议]”, in The Guardian:


remanet

被推迟或延期至另一届会议的法案


wike

繼承自古英語 wic。參見 wick (“村”)。

临时的标记或边界，例如用来标记或划分任何事物（如什一税、共用土地上要割的草场等）的树枝。


structural

Freight differentials often increased the spread in favor of the imported structurals. Purchasers repeatedly emphasized that their purchases of imported structurals were split among a number of sources, including Spain, France, West Germany, […]

1982, United States International Trade Commission, Certain carbon steel products from Spain (page A-49)


remanufacture

同類詞：overhaul、reassembly、renovation


authorship

We are unaware of the authorship of this book.

我们不知道这本书的作者是谁。


Nobel Prize

此詞可以指獲得獎項的成就，也可以指實物（鍍金獎牌）。


hole in one

holes in one (plural)
hole in ones (plural)

代指罕見、精彩或出色的成就

If we can get the entire thing moved over in a day, it'll be a hole in one with the customer.

如果我们能在一天之内完成全部搬运，对于客户来说这将是一次巨大的成功。


remuda

借自西班牙語 remuda。

加鞍备用马群 （自19世紀）

To one side of the barn was a remuda of work-horses, perhaps twenty in all.

Buddy did not know what his mother was going to do, but he was sure that whatever she did would be right; so he hoisted his saddle on the handiest fresh horse, and loped off to drive in the remuda, feeling certain that his father would move swiftly to save his cattle that ranged back in the foothills, and that the saddle horses would be wanted at a moment's notice.

A big remuda had been driven up, Cayuse ponies mixed with larger American horses.

2013，Philipp Meyer，The Son，Simon & Schuster, 出版於 2014，頁 29:


reptin

一种ATP酶，属端粒酶的成分


sorrowing

The daily sorrowings of grief and repentance are genuine emotions. It is simply not legitimate to maintain that the real emotions are the initial bursts of high-pitched passions[…]

每天的悲伤和悔恨都是真实的情感。有人说真正的情感是高亢激情的爆发，这是完全不合理的……

2011，Clifford Williams，Existential Reasons for Belief in God:


sentence adverb

disjunct

句子副詞；修飾整個子句或句子而不是單詞或片語的副詞

句子副詞；修飾整個子句或句子而不是單詞或片語的副詞

In every section of this invaluable work new light is thrown on ancient problems - phrasal verbs (bring up, put off), phrasal-prepositional verbs (catch up on, come up with) [...] duratives, sentence adverbs, and so on.

1985，Robert Burchfield，The English Language，Oxford: Oxford University Press，頁 156:


twin city

雙城（兩個相鄰城市組成的都市）

Texarkana, Arkansas, and Texarkana, Texas, are twin cities forming the Texarkana metropolitan area.

阿肯色州特克萨卡纳和德克萨斯州特克萨卡纳是双城，组成特克萨卡纳大都会区。


nominatum

所指；名詞或名字所命名、指向的事物

However, it is certain that whoever seriously regards the sentence either as true or false also attributes to the name “Odysseus” a nominatum, not only a sense; […]

1987，Anna Whiteside, Michael Issacharoff，On Referring in Literature，頁 71:


nominor

[…] your lordship was pleased to say several things about my fitness in other respects for public business, and about the terms of connexion, in such a case, between a nominor and a nominee.

1842，Jeremy Bentham，The Westminster Review:


renunciant

放棄者（尤其是为了精神原因放弃世俗生活的人，或放弃公民身份的人） （自18世紀）

The stereotypical image of the Jain renunciant is a monk (or possibly nun) dutifully sweeping the ground gently before him with a small broom […].

耆那教弃绝者的典型形象是一名僧人（或可能是女僧），用一把小扫帚恭敬地轻轻扫着面前的地面 […] 。

2016，Sunil Khilnani，Incarnations，Penguin, 出版於 2017，頁 10:


dissensus

源自拉丁語 dissēnsus；或為 dissent + consensus 組成的混成詞。

Now it is apparent that neither the consensus of Christianity with other religions, nor its dissensus from them, nor the absolute or relative superiority which we claim for it, can be made evident without a thorough and methodical comparison of all religions.

1874，Edmund Spiess，“Comparative Study of Religions, in Its Bearing upon Christian Apologetics”, in History, Essays, Orations, and Other Documents of the Sixth General Conference of the Evangelical Alliance, Held in New York, October 2–12, 1873，New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, publishers, Franklin Square, →OCLC，頁 310:

Underlying a real and culturally meaningful general consensus about the wrongness of rape, there can indeed be many contextual dissensuses about rape being okay. Only when we allow a reified conception of consensus to drive out the nuanced understanding in the ethnographic literature of the way people talk when they accuse and excuse crime do we see consensus-dissensus as being an "insoluble inconsistency" ([Christopher] Uggen at 496) at the foundation of the theory.

1998，Integrative Criminology (International Library of Criminology, Criminal Justice & Penology)，Aldershot, Hampshire, Brookfield, Vt.: Ashgate Publishing, →ISBN，頁 569:

In this chapter, we explore two forms of dissensus. The first is horizontal dissensus, or that which occurs within a three-judge panel on the courts of appeals. Judges signal this form of dissensus by writing separate opinions that take the form of a dissent or concurrence. The second is vertical dissensus, which occurs when a court of appeals panel disagrees with the lower court over the proper resolution of the case. This form of dissensus is observed when the court of appeals reverses the lower court's decision, either in whole or in part.

2006，Virginia A. Hettinger, Stefanie A. Lindquist, Wendy L. Martinek，“Horizontal and Vertical Dissensus”, in Judging on a Collegial Court: Influences on Federal Appellate Decision Making (Constitutionalism and Democracy)，University of Virginia Press, →ISBN，頁 5:

Certainly parliamentary politics is indebted to the rhetorical culture of addressing issues from opposite views and debating the alternatives pro et contra. In parliamentary procedure dissensus and debate are institutionalised: no motion is approved without a thorough examination of and confrontation among imaginable alternatives.

2014，Kari Palonen, José María Rosales, Tapani Turkka，“Introduction: The Parliamentary Politics of Dissensus”, in The Politics of Dissensus: Parliament in Debate (Social Sciences & Humanities; 2)，Santander: Cantabria University Press; [Madrid]: McGraw-Hill Interamericana de España, →ISBN，頁 3:


match point

He made it to match point three times and still lost, but you can't come much closer than that.

他三次取得赛点，仍然输了，但这已经是最接近的一次了。


deathrate

At ages under 25 years, the deathrate declined sharply. The decline in the deathrate for children under 15 years resulted from the lower diphtheria, scarlet fever and whooping cough rates; among adolescents the lower tuberculosis mortality was the chief factor back of the lower rates.

1922，Statistical Bulletin, Vol III, No. 1，Metropolitan Life Insurance Co.，頁 8:

It is a striking fact, though seemingly little recognized, that the deathrate in the United States has been barely holding its own since 1920, in spite of all the advances in sanitation, medicine and surgery that have taken place.

1931，Henry Pratt Fairchild，“When Our Deathrate Goes Up”, in The Survey, Volume LXVI, No. 11，Survey Associates，頁 510:

During the decade birth and death figures were related to this quite unrepresentative population with the consequence that Salem showed birthrates of over 60 and deathrates of corresponding elevation in gross contradiction to recognized facts.

1932，M. W. M. Yeatts，Census of India, 1931, Volume XIV: Madras, Part I: Report，Government of India Central Publication Branch，頁 27:


fertility rate

In America the fertility rate of recent immigrants tends to be higher than that of native population.

在美國，新移民的生育率往往高於本地人口。

In most industrialized countries the fertility rate has dropped well below replacement rate.

在大多數工業化國家，生育率已遠低於更替率。


darbar

durbar的另一種寫法


manul

借自俄語 ману́л (manúl)，源自蒙古語 мануул (manuul)/ᠮᠠᠨᠤᠤᠯ (manuul)。


Pallas' cat

manul (“兔猻”)之同義詞


VIN

vehicle identification number (“車輛識別號碼”) 之首字母縮略詞。

vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (“外阴上皮内瘤变”) 之首字母縮略詞。


test drive

test-ride

通过使用某事物来进行的初步评估

通过使用某事物来进行的初步评估


Chinese gooseberry

因原產華中及華東一帶，且形似醋栗而得名。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-Chinese gooseberry.wav


apprehender

Depending on the severeness of the crime and the danger of the suspect, the apprehender may apply physical force in order to stop the pursued and proceed to his apprehension.

根据犯罪的严重程度和犯罪嫌疑人的危险性，逮捕人员可以使用武力来阻止被追捕者并进行逮捕。

1996，Chantal Joubert, Hans Bevers，Schengen Investigated，頁 305:


animadvertor

IT was ever my Deſire and Care, if it were poſſible, not to fall under the Pen of the Animadvertor;[…]。

1659，Thomas Fuller，“Why the Author desired and hoped never to come under the Pen of the Animadvertor in a Controversal Difference”, in The Appeal of Iniured Innocence: unto the Religious Learned and Ingenuous Reader. In a Controversie Betwixt the Animadvertor Dr. Peter Heylyn and the Author Thomas Fuller.，London: […] W. Godbid, […], part I，頁 2:

While I hold myself ready to substantiate every charge I have made against Highland depopulating proprietors, be it known that I will pay no attention to anonymous animadvertors; I must know my man.

1857，Donald McLeod，Donald McLeod’s Gloomy Memories in the Highlands of Scotland: Versus Mrs. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Sunny Memories in (England) a Foreign Land: or a Faithful Picture of the Extirpation of the Celtic Race from the Highlands of Scotland，Toronto: […] the Author, by Thompson & Co., […]，頁 211:

Cleveland’s animadvertors took the blazon seriously, sacrificing humour to analysis and thus losing the debate:[…]。

1996，Joad Raymond，“Paper Bullets: Newsbooks, Pamphlets, and Print Culture”, in The Invention of the Newspaper: English Newsbooks, 1641–1649，Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN，頁 223:


copsa

科普特語沙希地方言聖經手稿


RJ

regional jet (“區域客機”)之首字母縮略詞。


reprobator

一种古老的诉讼形式，用以证明证人作伪证或有偏见


occulture

occult + culture 組成的混成詞。Simon Dwyer 首次在《Rapid Eye》雜誌中使用。後來由 Christopher Partridge 教授使用。

/əˈkʌlt͡ʃə(ɹ)/

亞文化挪用神秘主題（如新時代等）以反對主流文化

UFO religions drink deeply from the waters of occulture, while, at the same time, seeking to reconcile their ideas with a contemporary secular and scientific worldview.

2005，Christopher Partridge，The Re-enchantment of the West，卷 2, →ISBN，頁 167:

With the term occulture I refer to a diverse milieu of spirituality that formed around esoteric discourses, as characterized by Nina Kokkinen in her dissertation about occulture and modern spirituality in turn of the century Finnish art, and its three notable artists Hugo Simberg (1873–1917), Akseli Gallen-Kallela and Pekka Halonen (1865–1933) (Kokkinen 2019: 44).

2020，Mikko Välimäki，“Decadence and occulture: Oscar Parviainen’s art”, in Approaching religion，卷 11, 期 1, →DOI，頁 99:

Conspirituality, in fact, helps describe some of the dynamics and one of the “contexts” in which Italian Pagan conspiracy-believing is embedded—one that, at a more general level, is characterized by what Christopher Partridge (e.g., 2004; 2005; 2014) defined as occulture.

2021，Giovanna Parmigiani，“Magic and Politics: Conspirituality and COVID-19”, in Journal of the American Academy of Religion, →DOI，頁 12:


relatum

源自拉丁語 relatum，referre 的中性過去分詞。

And with respect to secondary processes, whether a PDT becomes an ADT will vary according to both the ADTs a person has acquired through primary acquisition processes (for this determines which objects can be the relata in the relational properties) and according to the individual’s experiential and epistemic history with respect to disgust elicitors.

2003，Christopher Knapp，“De-moralizing Disgustingness”, in Philosophy and Phenomenological Research, LXVI, № 2, page 265:

For according to the externalist, the opposing view rests on the idea that “being conscious of” is a genuine relation, that is, a relation whose obtaining entails the existence of its relata.

2007年July12日，Harold Langsam，“Rationality, Justification, and the Internalism/Externalism Debate”, in Erkenntnis，卷 68, 期 1, →DOI:

However we understand the defect, most divine determinists will likely wish to say that the relation of inconformity between act and law obtains (when it does obtain) merely in virtue of the intrinsic natures of the relata. In other words, the relation of inconformity follows merely upon the nonrelational characteristics of the relata.

2019，Peter Furlong，The Challenges of Divine Determinism: A Philosophical Analysis，頁 94:


pongo

源自剛果語 mpongo (“猩猩”)。

南美洲的峽谷，尤指穿過山脊或山脈者


basti

借自印地語 बस्ती (bastī，“定居點”)。

There is a dreary bustee in the neighbourhood which is said to make the most of any cholera that may be going.

附近有一所阴暗的贫民窟，据说这里是霍乱爆发的最主要地点。

1891，Rudyard Kipling，The City Of Dreadful Night:

With the population growth in the jhopadpattis, favelas, bastis and bidonvilles higher than any other environment in the world, we are seeing the emergence of Megaslums, where one million urban poor live in an area measuring just 1.5 square miles.

由于各种贫民窟和小城镇的人口增长速度高于世界上任何其他地区，我们看到了巨型贫民窟的出现，在面积仅为1.5平方英里的区域内居住着一百万城市贫民。

2012，Sarwant Singh，New Mega Trends: Implications for Our Future Lives，頁 63:

Her mother-in-law, in her half-delirious state, was sure that their basti would be broken down and had aggressively begun to push her sons to buy a plot of land elsewhere.

她半昏迷的婆婆确信他们所居住的贫民窟会被拆毁，并开始积极敦促她的儿子们去其他地方购买一块土地。

2023，Radhika Iyengar，Fire on the Ganges，Fourth Estate，頁 294:


PS

同類詞：PO、post、mail

USPS

public school (“公立學校”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：SS、TS

power supply (“電源供應”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：PU、PM、PA

police sergeant (“警长”)之首字母縮略詞。，一些英聯邦國家的警銜

同類詞：S、GS、PGS、SG、PSG

post scriptum, postscriptum, postscript (“附言”)之首字母縮略詞。

其他形式：P.S.、p.s.、ps.

PS I love you.


antiabortionist

源自 antiabortion + -ist 或 anti- + abortionist。


brainrot

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-brainrot.wav


brain rot

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-brain rot.wav

大腦腐蝕：精神能力、智力、常識或道德品格的退化

While England endeavors to cure the potato-rot, will not any endeavor to cure the brain-rot, which prevails so much more widely and fatally?

1854, Henry David Thoreau, Walden (1897 printing), page 501:

And then our parents decided that comics books were to blame for their children's brain rot, tossing most of these halftone gems in the garbage.

2016 April，Tom Royer，“Rated M for Millennials”, in Mankato Magazine，出版於 2017，頁 25:

I carried with me a vague awareness of the political state of the world. I had actual views on things. I made mid-conversation gags that mostly paid off. And yet, four months into babyland and I have reached brain rot.

2020 January，Joanna Ellner，“Diary Of A Mum: Part 6”, in Baby，出版於 2019，頁 61:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:brain rot。

被認為沒有什麼藝術價值的媒體，和/或對其消費者有負面影響的媒體

[…] I remember that I had to stay home and receive a stern lecture on the evils of Tinseltown brainrot.

1978，Lionel Menuhin Rolfe，The Menuhins: A Family Odyssey，頁 47:

It could be a great album, like Big Star’s Radio City, or it could be one composed entirely of what I deemed to be drab, scum-sucking brainrot, like The Stereophonics’ Performance And Cocktails.

So this winter, I'll chill on the couch watching The Only Way Is Essex or some similar brainrot instead, happy it'll be over in a^([sic]) hour […]
因此这个冬天，我会窝在沙发上看《埃塞克斯是唯一的生活方式》或类似的烂片，很高兴一小时后它就会播完 […]

2011, John Vannisselroy, "Reality bites: we need less English Premier League", TNT Magazine, 15 August 2011 - 21 August 2011, page 52:

We need to hold out hope and wish for the best for Gen Alpha as they are truly capable. But with the polarization of the current times and brainrot they are encountering online, it’s hard.

2023，Nunzio Amon，“The Future of Gen Alpha”, in Medium:

Implicit in the idea of brain rot is the fear that those who spend too much time on screens will become less intelligent, such as 'iPad Kids', Gen Z and Gen Alpha children raised in the digital age.

2024年February8日，Shivé Prema，“What is 'brain rot'? Do you have it?”, in SBS News:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:brain rot。

痴迷於某種媒體作品的狀態

Jojo^([sic]) brain rot is real because why have I just spent the last 10 minutes thinking who'd be better at parallel parking-

I said they both can't act, I still liked the prequels and the acolyte, but it could just be the star wars brain rot that got me lol


overtourism

As evidenced in the overtourism concept, residents may become resentful of the intrusions of visitors and visitors' impacts on their ways of living (Figure 9.2). Thus, it is essential that residents are involved and have a strong say […]

正如过度旅游概念所表明的那样，居民可能会对游客的侵扰以及游客对其生活方式的影响感到不满（图 9.2）。因此，让居民参与并拥有强大的发言权至关重要 […]

2018，Alastair M. Morrison，Marketing and Managing Tourism Destinations [旅游目的地营销与管理]，Routledge, →ISBN，頁 94:

If tourism is a capitalist phenomenon, overtourism is its demented late-capitalist cousin: selfie-stick deaths, all-you-can-eat ships docking at historic ports, stag nights that end in property crimes, the live-streaming of the ruination of fragile natural habitats, et cetera.

如果说旅游业是一种资本主义现象，那么过度旅游就是其疯狂的晚期资本主义表亲：自拍杆致死、停靠在历史港口的自助餐船只、以财产犯罪告终的单身派对、破坏脆弱自然栖息地的现场直播，等等。

2019年June4日，Annie Lowrey，“Too Many People Want to Travel [太多人想旅行]”, in The Atlantic:

After years in the making, Venice will on Thursday begin charging day trippers to enter the city in an effort to protect the Unesco world heritage site from the effects of over-tourism.

经过多年的酝酿，威尼斯将于周四开始向一日游游客收取入城费用，以保护这处联合国教科文组织世界遗产免受过度旅游的影响。

2024年April24日，Angela Giuffrida，“Venice access fee: what is it and how much does it cost? [威尼斯入场费：是什么？要花多少钱？]”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


etomidate

源自 eth(yl) + -o- + (i)mid(azole) + (carboxyl)ate。


accelerans

借自拉丁語 accelerāns (“正加速”)。

通过释放去甲肾上腺素来加快心跳的神经


bases loaded

He's had four hits this week with the bases loaded.

本周他在满垒的情况下已经打出四支安打。


HUD

An explosion just made us an exit! I'll mark it on your HUD, Chief, go!

2007年September25日，Bungie，Halo 3，spoken by Cortana (Jen Taylor), Microsoft Game Studios, Xbox 360，關卡/區域：Cortana:


sandbox game

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-sandbox game.wav

This was the ultimate sandbox game. By providing a simple, yet rich simulation, it gave the user the tools with which to create his own fun.

这是一款终极沙盒游戏。通过提供简单但丰富的模拟，它为用户提供了创造乐趣的工具。

2004，Tracy Fullerton, Christopher Swain, Steven Hoffman，Game design workshop: designing, prototyping, and playtesting games [游戏设计研讨会：设计、原型设计和游戏测试]:

In contrast, a sandbox game such as Civilization operates more like a hobby […]

相比之下，《文明》等沙盒游戏更像是一种消遣 […]

2007，Katie Salen，The ecology of games: connecting youth, games, and learning [游戏生态：连接青少年、游戏和学习]:

[…] the sequel to the military-themed sandbox game known as Mercenaries […]

[…] 军事主题沙盒游戏《雇佣兵》的续作 […]


appulse

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-appulse.wav

朝着或反对某事物的有力运动；推动，打击

[T]he vivacity of these trains of ideas, passing in the imagination, is greatly increased by […] their not being disturbed or dissevered either by the appluses of external bodies, as in surprize; or by our voluntary exertions in comparing them with our previous knowledge of things, as in reasoning upon them.

1789，Erasmus Darwin，The Loves of the Plants，J. Johnson，頁 47:

两个天体的接近；合相或掩星


Naga

那加人（主要居住於印度那加蘭邦、操藏緬語族的黃種人的統稱）


SVP

同類詞：JVP

As the SVP of Talent Development and Chief Diversity Officer of L’Oréal, he and his team are working to ensure 50% of the 1,000 key positions around the world at L’Oréal are held by women.
作为欧莱雅人才发展高级副总裁兼首席多元化官，他和他的团队致力于确保欧莱雅全球1,000个关键职位中50%由女性担任。


requinto

乐器（通常是吉他）较小但音调较高的版本


absolvitor

借自拉丁語 absolvitor (字面意思是“让他被宣告无罪”)，absolvō (“我赦免、宣告无罪”) 的第三人稱單數將來被動命令式。對照absolutory。

法院在某一诉讼中作出的有利于被告的裁决或命令

Pitmedden purſues Seaton of Menzies as Repreſenting his Father, who was one of the Purſuers Brothers Tutors, for his Fathers Intromiſſion with the Pupils Means, who alleadged Abſolvitor.

1668 December 19, James Dalrymple, “Mr. Alexander Seaton contra Menzies” in The Deciſions of the Lords of Council & Seſſion I (Edinburgh, 1683), page 575:


absolvitur

參見 absolviture 和 absolvitor。用 absolvitur 代替 absolvitor 是錯誤用法：absolvō 的正確動詞變位形式是第三人稱單數將來時被動命令式 absolvitor (“让他被赦免”)，而非第三人稱單數現在時被動直陳式 absolvitur (“他被赦免”)。


intimin

紧密黏附素（大肠杆菌某些菌株的粘附素）


meliorator

Who can fault Ralph Waldo Emerson for observing that “the greatest meliorator of the world is selfish, huckstering trade?”

2007年October21日，Harry Hurt Iii，“A Lens on Wealth, 源自All the Angles”, in New York Times:


noverint

法律文件中经常出现的拉丁词，nōscō (“知道，认识”) 的一种形式。


recuperator

可能借自拉丁語 recuperator (“恢復者”)，或是英語內部造詞：recuperate + -or。


requisitum

所要求的东西；问题所要求的答案


Vtuber

VTuber的大小寫替代形式


unidentified flying object

一般認為是美國空軍上尉愛德華·魯佩爾特 (1923–1960) 所造，用來代替 flying saucer 和 flying disk。

The lights seen over the city last night, originally termed unidentified flying objects, turned out to be spotlights from a car dealership reflecting on low clouds.

昨晚在城市上空看到的光亮最初被看作不明飞行物，后来被证实是一家汽车经销店发出的聚光灯反射在低云层上。

The U.S. and Canada are investigating three unidentified flying objects shot down over North America in the past three days. Militaries have adjusted radars to try to spot more incursions.

美国和加拿大正在调查过去三天在北美上空被击落的三架不明飞行物。军方已调整雷达以试图发现更多入侵事件。

2023年February12日，Julian E. Barnes, Helene Cooper, Edward Wong，“What’s Going On Up There? Theories but No Answers in Shootdowns of Mystery Craft.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


religiology

Religiology has to manage its own evaluation. If not, a serious shortcoming is created. On the other hand this leads to a theologising of ethnology and religiology. And neither ethnology nor religiology is theology!

宗教学必须管理好自己的评价。否则，就会产生严重的缺陷。另一方面，这会导致民族学和宗教学的神学化。而民族学和宗教学都不是神学！

1982，I[gnatius] J[ohannes] Van der Walt，“Religiology and Ethno-Religiology”, in Defining Ethnology and Religious Science，Potchefstroom: Universum, section 6 (Christian Religiology)，頁 46:

Since beauty and ugliness, rightness and wrongness, wisdom and folly, income and expenditures all involve goodness and badness, then understanding the general, specific, and particular problems in aesthetics, ethics, religiology, and economics, etc., involve understanding goodness and badness.

由于美与丑、是与非、智慧与愚昧、收入与支出都涉及善与恶，因此，理解美学、伦理学、宗教学、经济学等领域的一般、具体和特殊问题，都涉及理解善与恶。

1993，Archie J. Bahm，“Why Axiology?”, in Axiology: The Science of Values (Value inquiry book series; volume 2)，Amsterdam, Atlanta, Ga.: Rodopi, →ISBN, section 1 (Axiology as a Science), subsection B (Axiology Is the Most Basic Value Science)，頁s 4–5:

Nor should it be assumed that theology and religiology are fundamentally incompatible kinds of discipline.

也不应假设神学和宗教学是根本不相容的学科。

1994，Peter Moore，“Religions as Systems”, in Aspects of Religion: Essays in Honour of Ninian Smart，Peter Lang, →ISBN，頁 55:


reality television

Live, Reality Television

1991, Fred D'Ignazio, "D'Iversions", COMPUTE, November 1991, COMPUTE Publications, page G–22:


black market

起於1930年代左右，可能仿譯自德語 Schwarzmarkt，該詞在1910年代就已出現。對照Schwärzer (“走私者”，18世紀)。

Peace and order will not be tolerated. Start saving your cash for the black market, folks, you're gonna need it.

和平与秩序是不会得到容忍的。开始为黑市存钱吧，朋友们，你们会需要钱的。

2004，George Carlin，“THE FANATICS WILL WIN [狂热分子将获胜]”, in When Will Jesus Bring the Pork Chops? [耶稣何时带来猪排？]，New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN，頁 135:

In District 12, a dirt-poor coal-mining community that looks like a Dorothea Lange photograph, Katniss Everdeen (Jennifer Lawrence) quietly rebels against the system by hunting game in a forbidden area with her friend Gale (Liam Hemsworth) and trading it on the black market.

第12区是一个极度贫困的煤矿社区，看起来就像多萝西娅·兰格的照片中那样，凯特尼斯·伊夫狄恩（詹妮弗·劳伦斯饰）和她的朋友盖尔（利亚姆·海姆斯沃斯饰）在禁区内打猎，然后将猎物拿到黑市上交易，以此悄悄地反抗这个制度。

2012年March22日，Scott Tobias，“The Hunger Games [饥饿游戏]”, in AV Club:

Increasing numbers of people are turning to a growing black market for food to supplement their diets as prices rocket, experts have said.

专家表示，随着食品价格飞涨，越来越多的人转向日益壮大的黑市购买食品来补充日常饮食。

2023年December22日，Robyn Vinter，“Britons increasingly turning to food black market, experts say [专家称，越来越多英国人开始在食品黑市上买吃的]”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

從事黑市交易的人；黑市行業

associational black market


tip of the iceberg

漂浮在海面上的冰山通常只露出其十分之一體積。20世紀初的用法據信受到了泰坦尼克號撞擊冰山後沉沒事故的影響。

tips of icebergs (plural)
tips of the icebergs (plural)

/ˈtɪp‿əv ðiː ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/

/ˈtɪp‿əv ði ˈaɪsbɝɡ/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-tip of the iceberg.ogg

This is only the tip of the iceberg. Our time together can become much more exciting.

这只是冰山一角。我们在一起的时光可以变得更加精彩。

The exposed tip of the iceberg, the recognized illness that brings a man to his doctor, is relatively small compared with the hidden mass of undetected disease, or 'at risk' people, in the population.

暴露出来的冰山一角，即导致人们去看医生的已知疾病，与人群中未被发现的大量疾病或“高危”人群相比，相对较小。

1970，J. K. Brierley，“The Iceberg of Disease”, in Biology and the Social Crisis: A Social Biology for Everyman，第1st American版, Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Cranbury, N.J.: Associated University Presses, →ISBN，頁 117:

Records document nineteen legal cases involving the charge of sodomy and five executions from 1607 to 1740, although this is no doubt just the tip of the iceberg of actual incidents. Even the minimal evidence we do have suggests that ordinary people, in contrast to the ministers and legislators, did not always harshly judge people accused of same-sex sexuality.

记录显示，从1607年到1740年，有19起涉及鸡奸指控的法律案件和5起处决，尽管这无疑只是实际事件的冰山一角。即使我们掌握的最低限度的证据也表明，与牧师和立法者不同，普通人并不总是严厉地评判被指控同性恋的人。

1999，Leila J. Rupp，“In the Beginning: Same-sex Sexuality in Early America”, in A Desired Past: A Short History of Same-sex Love in America，Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN，頁 30:

[O]nly a tiny portion of disagreements—the proverbial tip of the iceberg—ever ends up in court. Most agreements drop out along the way, either because they are settled or because the allegedly wronged party decides that the potential costs of proceeding outweigh the potential benefits

只有一小部分（俗话说是冰山一角）分歧最终诉诸法庭。大多数协议在诉讼过程中被搁置，要么是因为已经达成和解，要么是因为据称受害的一方认为诉讼的潜在成本大于潜在收益

2001，Kathryn Hendley，“Beyond the Tip of the Iceberg: Business Disputes in Russia”, in Assessing the Value of Law in Transition Economies，Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, →ISBN，頁 20:

This collection is not even the tip of the human remains iceberg, according to Damien Huffer, an adjunct research professor at Carleton University in Canada. Collectors across the world have much larger collections than JonsBones, he said, and the trade far predates TikTok.

加拿大卡尔顿大学兼职研究教授达 Damien Huffer 表示，这些藏品甚至还只是人类遗骸的冰山一角。他说，世界各地的收藏家拥有的藏品比乔恩斯的藏品多得多，而且这种贸易远早于 TikTok 的出现。

2021年October10日，Caroline Anders，“A TikTok bone salesman’s wall of spines reignites ethical debate over selling human remains”, in The Washington Post:


esguard

對照古法語 esgart (“看，視”)、法語 égard。參見 guard。

One of th' Esguard.

1616-19, Beaumont and Fletcher, The Knight of Malta


abietine

abietin的另一種拼寫法


detester

I exclaimed, with sparkling eyes and a rapturous accent, "you are not profligate; are a stranger to the manners of this house, and a detester of these manners?

1889，Charles Brockden Brown，Arthur Mervyn:

In a short time a jealous feud sprang up between the loving friends Rinaldo and Orlando; and Angelica, torn with conflicting emotions, from her dread on her father's account as well as her own, and her aversion to every knight but her detester, was at one time compelled to apply to Orlando for assistance, and at another, being afraid that he would have the better of Rinaldo in combat, to send him away on a perilous adventure elsewhere, with a promise of accepting his love should he succeed.

1846，Leigh Hunt，Stories from the Italian Poets= With Lives of the Writers, Vol. 2:

We give the fact as it occurs in Bannatyne's Journal, only premising that the Journalist held his master's opinions, both with respect to the Earl of Cassilis as an opposer of the king's party, and as being a detester of the practice of granting church revenues to titulars, instead of their being devoted to pious uses, such as the support of the clergy, expense of schools, and the relief of the national poor.


associate professor

China's current economic challenges will be an "important factor" in Mr Xi's negotiations and "would lead to a stronger desire to stabilise the economic, trade and investment relations with the US", Li Mingjiang, an associate professor at Singapore's S Rajaratnam School of International Studies, told the BBC.

新加坡拉惹勒南国际研究院副教授李明江向BBC表示，中国当前面临的经济挑战将成为习近平谈判的一个“重要因素”，并且“将促使中国更强烈地渴望稳定与美国的经济、贸易和投资关系”。

2023年November15日，Tessa Wong，“Xi Jinping arrives in US as his Chinese Dream sputters”, in BBC:


castor oil

/ˈkɑː.stə ˌɔɪl/

同類詞：olive oil、palm oil、更多相關詞

Every six months, spoonfuls of castor oil were administered to combat constipation.

每六个月，给孩子喂一勺蓖麻油来缓解便秘。

2020，Avni Doshi，Burnt Sugar，Hamish Hamilton，頁 127:


gaikokujin

gaikokujins (plural)
gaikokujin (plural)


cabrit

cabrée (“叉角羚”)的過時形式。


slaying

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-slaying.wav

The slaying of the civil rights activist brought a storm of protest.

这位民权活动人士的遇害引发了强烈的抗议。

Slay not your children, fearing a fall to poverty, We shall provide for them and for you. Lo! the slaying of them is great sin.

你们不要因为怕贫穷而杀害自己的儿女，我供给他们和你们。杀害他们确是大罪。

1930，Marmaduke Pickthall（譯者）, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran, surah 17, verse 31:


fiat money

fiat moneys (plural)
fiat monies (plural)


legal tender

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-legal tender.wav


swear word

When I heard swear words from the next room, I decided to keep my distance.

当我听到隔壁房间传来的脏话时，我决定保持距离。


accusator

源自書面法語 accusateur，源自拉丁語 accūsātōrem，accūsātor (“控訴者；原告”) 的賓格單數。accuser 的同源對似詞。


accusatrix

源自拉丁語 accūsātrīx (“女控訴者”)。參見 -trix。


Mutsu

借自日語 陸奥 (Mutsu，“陸奧國”)，日本舊令制國名，也是這種蘋果的栽培地。


platypuses

Victoria's Healesville Sanctuary is celebrating the births of two baby platypuses, in a major milestone.

维多利亚州希尔斯维尔自然保护区正在庆祝两只鸭嘴兽宝宝的出生，这是一个重要的里程碑。

2008年March2日，“Captive platypus twins make history”, in ABC News:


platypi

* 出現帶 -i 的複數，主要是以為 platypus 屬拉丁語第二類變格名詞，但實際上並非如此，應為希臘語第三類變格名詞。其規則變化複數為 platypuses；還有希臘語式複數 platypodes。


punies

"Be-dabs, if the whole gin-works hain't got the punies. Even the mare tuck a spell today. She wouldn't eat corn nor shuck."

1980，James Still，The run for the Elbertas，頁 35:

Other days, when I tried to get up despite feeling weak, she would inform me that I had a case of "the punies" and ought to stay in the tank.

2003，Mark O'Brien with Gillian Kendall, How I became a human being: a disabled man's quest for independence，頁 152:

“I brung my boy. He's got the punies and I want the doc to take a look at him.”

2008，Carolyn Jourdan，Heart in the Right Place，頁 222:


CIDR

controlled internal drug release (“受控制體內藥物釋放”)之首字母縮略詞。


arreca

areca的另一種拼寫法

The plain appears like paradiſe reſtored, where the proud cypreſs and tall arreca ſeem walking by the margin of the paſſing ſtream.

1769，Firishta，譯者 Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi，卷 I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al.，頁 iv:


rubber stamp

用硬性橡皮所製成的印章。

The library had a rubber stamp to imprint the due date.

圖書館有一個橡皮圖章來印上截止日期。

例行地或作為一種形式批准其他人或組織決定的事項的個人或組織。


sacrificati

早期基督教会中，那些因受迫害而向偶像献祭，但后来又忏悔归来的人


sacrifier

从献祭中获得实际利益的个人或团体


teju

tegu (“南美蜥蜴”)的另一種寫法

As a guide to start your collection we'd suggest either iguanas, tejus, swifts, basilisks, horned toads or alligator lizards.


dzo

借自藏語 མཛོ (mdzo)。

同類詞：(雌性) dzomo


bbl

一般認為來自 bl（代表 barrel：b⸺l），反映了前几个世纪特别常用的一种缩写方式（對比 do ← ditto），兩個相同的字母代表複數，例如 p. = page，而 pp. = pages；l. = line，而 ll. = lines；这种方法不仅用于英语，也用于学术新拉丁语和其他受其影响很大的现代语言，例如西班牙语：EE. UU.。按照這種方法來看，有時候會出現的添加後綴 -s 表示複數的情況（如 5 bbls 或 5 bbls.）應該是使用者沒弄清楚單位縮寫的規則，所以加了個冗餘的後綴，類似 miles per gallon 縮寫為 MPG，本身就帶了複數，但有人會將其複數寫成 MPGs。

barrel (“桶”)之縮寫。
表示原油的量

measured in 1000-bbl units

At present prices, cylindrical steel tankage in 55,000-bbl. units costs approximately 73c. per barrel storage.

按照目前的价格计算，55,000桶圆柱形钢制储罐的储存成本约为每桶73美分。

1920年May8日，H. T. Carlton，“New design for oil tankage”, in Engineering and Mining Journal，卷 109, 期 19, retrieved 2023-03-05，頁 1079:

The overflush consisted of 100 bbls of uncrosslinked 3000 ppm polymer, followed by one wellbore volume (~150 bbls) plus 450 bbls crude behind pipe.

1995，Proceedings, International Meeting on Petroleum Engineering，頁 63:

barrel (“桶”)之縮寫。
指其他東西（如食品）运输或销售的桶的量

5 bbls. flour

[…]5 hhds. rum/ 5 bbls. flour/ 1 bbl. sugar/ 9 do. pork/ 1 do. suett/ 3 do. cocoa/ 6 do. peas/ 2 ullage bbls. vinegar[…]
 […] 5升朗姆酒/5桶面粉/1桶糖/9勺猪肉/1勺羊脂/3勺可可/6勺豌豆/2桶醋 […]

1815 Niles Weekly Register volume 8, Supplement, p. 152. From an inventory of the frigate Confiance:

4 bbl. vinegar $32.00, 3 bbl. cider part full $6.50

4桶醋32.00美元，3桶苹果酒6.50美元

1881，Ulster County, New York, County Legislature，Minutes of the Board of Supervisors of Ulster County，頁 234:

barrel (“桶”)之縮寫。
化油器中文氏管的量

1-bbl carburetor

4-bbl carburetor

three 2-bbl carbs


vro

由美國的說唱歌手XXXTentacion在2015年造出（見下方的引文），源自 bro，指的是他所在的團體“Very Rare”。

通常用於指 XXXTentacion 和他創作的歌曲。

bro (“兄弟”，用於稱呼男性朋友)之同義詞

My bitch don't love me no mo', ayy / She kick me out, I'm like "Vro", ayy

2015年December30日，“Look at Me” (開頭起0:17，), in Revenge，演出者 XXXTentacion:

How is you feelin', vro? Uh / Feelin' like the Four, I feel fantastic

2017年April22日，“BabyWipe” (開頭起0:14，), in You Will Regret，演出者 Ski Mask the Slump God:

Hang with the bros 'cause you know blood thicker / I miss my vros, so we pour more liquor

2019年May31日，“Wish” (開頭起1:00，), in Zuu，演出者 Denzel Curry:


sacrificer

In this you’have made the Court the Antipodes,
And will’d your Delegate, the vulgar Sunne,
To doe profane autumnall offices,
Whilst here to you, wee sacrificers runne;

1631，John Donne，“To the Countesse of Bedford”, in Poems，London: John Marriot, 出版於 1633, p:

[…] no sacrifice is valid unless the sacrificer lay his hand upon the head of the victim.

1908，Helen Keller，章號 3, in The World I Live In，New York: Century，頁 35:


saltee

源自意大利語 soldo。

One day he would gather more than I in three; another, to hear his tale, it had rained kicks all day in lieu of “saltees,” and that is pennies.

1862，Charles Reade，The Cloister and the Hearth: A Tale of the Middle Ages，頁 242:


utility knife

同類詞：pocketknife、penknife


vap

無味的，平淡的（尤其指酒）


Piedmontese

Piedmonteses (plural)
Piedmontese (plural)

皮埃蒙特牛，出產於皮埃蒙特地區的牛品種


peh

pe (“閃米特語字母”)的另一種寫法


reparandum

言语中的错误，随后由说话者纠正


replicant

源自拉丁語 replicāns，replicō 的現在分詞。科幻義項由 David Peoples 在1982年電影《銀翼殺手》中造出。


religiolect

religio- + lect，由纽约大学希伯来语和犹太教研究教授本杰明·哈里 (Benjamin Hary) 创造。

宗教方言，宗教團體所使用的語言變體

A religiolect is a language variety with its own history and development, which is used by a religious community.

宗教方言是宗教团体使用的一种语言变体，具有其自身历史和发展。

2012，Benjimin Hary，“Judeo-Arabic as a Mixed Language”, in Middle Arabic and Mixed Arabic: Diachrony and Synchrony，Leiden, Boston: BRILL，頁 125:

For purposes of discussion and analysis, it is convenient to divide the history of the religiolect into the following periods: Pre-Islamic Judeo-Arabic, Early Judeo-Arabic (eighth/ninth to tenth centuries), Classical Judeo-Arabic (tenth and fifteenth centuries), and Contemporary Judeo-Arabic (twentieth century).

为了讨论和分析的目的，可以方便地将宗教方言的历史分为以下几个时期：前伊斯兰犹太-阿拉伯语、早期犹太-阿拉伯语（八/九至十世纪）、古典犹太-阿拉伯语（十和十五世纪）和当代犹太-阿拉伯语（二十世纪）。

2016，Benjimin Hary，“'Arabi Dyālna (Our Arabic): The History and Politics of Judeo-Arabic”, in Languages of Modern Jewish Cultures: Comparative Perspectives，Leiden, Boston: University of Michigan Press，頁 304:

A concept that I find perfectly captures the essence of Norse spirituality is that of a "religiolect". Just as a lialect encodes a local variant of speech, this term does the same for religion, combining belief and practice in a discrete package that could be activated in particular places or social situations.

2020，Neil Price，“Meeting the Others”, in The Children of Ash and Elm: A History of the Vikings，Penguin UK:

Creating an Indian nation or even just larger regional identifications with Indian states, remains quite a challenge. Thus, Mahatma Gandhi tried to develop what linguist Rocky Miranda calls a "middle language," accessible to Hindus and Muslims alike, e.g. by avoiding Sanskrit elements in his Hindi, while some Muslim intellectuals correspondingly reduced Arabic elements in their Urdu in order to bridge between the two closely related religiolects of Hindi and Urdu.

创建一个印度民族，甚至只是与印度各邦建立更大的区域认同，仍然是一项艰巨的挑战。因此，圣雄甘地试图发展语言学家洛基·米兰达所说的“中间语言”，让印度教徒和穆斯林都能使用，例如在他的印地语中避免使用梵语元素，而一些穆斯林知识分子则相应地减少了乌尔都语中的阿拉伯语元素，以便在印地语和乌尔都语这两种密切相关的宗教方言之间架起桥梁。

2014，Martin J. Wein, Benjamin Hary，“Meeting the Others”, in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam: Collaboration and Conflict in the Age of Diaspora，Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press:


marg

margarita (“瑪格麗特雞尾酒”) 的截斷形式。

I'm wedged in between a couple of squealing woo girls who are guzzling margs like it's last call […]


marg

借自印地語 मार्ग (mārg)。marga 的同源對似詞。

偶尔用于拥有大量印度裔人口的海外地区，如英格兰布拉德福德有 Gobind Marg。


standard-bearer

The standard-bearer in battle is in the center of the front line so the following troops know where to go; unfortunately, it also shows the enemy where to shoot.

战斗中旗手位于前线的中央，以便跟在后面的部队知道要去哪里；不幸的是，它也向敌人显示了应该向哪里射击。

He became the standard-bearer for their cause because of his celebrity.

由于他的名人效应，他成为了他们事业的旗手。


ballboy

ball boy的另一種拼寫法


inemuri

上學或工作時打盹（學習或工作努力的象徵）


CAG

commander of the air group (“联队长”)之首字母縮略詞。

compound annual growth (“复合年均增长率”)之首字母縮略詞。

Comptroller and Auditor General (“主计审计长”)之首字母縮略詞。

coronary artery graft (“冠状动脉移植术”)之首字母縮略詞。

编码三联体胞嘧啶（C）、腺嘌呤（A）、鸟嘌呤（G）的核碱基


tbs

tbsp

tablespoon (“餐匙”，計量單位)之縮寫。

tablespoon (“餐匙”，計量單位)之縮寫。


cag

繼承自中古英語 kag，源自北日耳曼語支，與古諾爾斯語 kaggi、瑞典語 kagge 有關。


cag

源自英格蘭方言，繼承自中古英語 *kagge，可能源自古諾爾斯語 *kagi、*kaggi，源自原始日耳曼語 *kagô (“灌木，树桩”)。同源詞包括德語 Kag (“卷心菜茎，树桩”，方言)、瑞典語 kage (“树桩”)。可能與古諾爾斯語 kaggi (“桶，木桶，小桶”) 來自同一詞根。 chag 的同源對似詞。

树枝被砍断后留在树或灌木上的突出部分；樹樁

布片上的一个角形裂口或裂缝


espressi

As soon as the bartender saw them he called out, ‘Three espressi?’, half way between an inquiry and a flat statement.

酒保一看到他们就喊道：“要三杯浓缩咖啡？”语气半是询问，半是平淡的陈述。

1967，Renato Amato，The Full Circle of the Travelling Cuckoo，Whitcombe & Tombs, 出版於 1968，頁 45:

We sighed happily into our espressi (75¢), pleased to be among the first diners in this accomplished yet simple bistro.

我们开心地喝着浓缩咖啡（75美分），很高兴成为这家精致而又简约的小酒馆的第一批用餐者。

(And once, years ago in Genoa, when my own children were small and we all fell sick of what turned out to be German measles, the hotel physician seemed ready to hand me over to the authorities because it had “become known” to him that I had permitted them to sip my espresso. Toddlers may drink wine, but not coffee. ... In fact, I had ordered three espressi because the children admired the pretty porcelain cups; I drank them all.[…])

1989，Barbara Grizzuti Harrison，Italian Days，Atlantic Monthly Press, →ISBN，頁 18:

Well, after that dinner and two espressi and a cognac we were able to struggle home through the winding stress, feeling we had dined abundantly but not to excess, because we were given small portions.

1994，Love and Kisses and a Halo of Truffles: Letters to Helen Evans Brown，出版於 1995, →ISBN，頁s 263–264:

Dr Illy’s presentation of three espressi brewed for different times followed a tasting given by Jean-Claude Rouzaud of his Roederer Brut Premier, Brut Rosé and Cristal 1989.

Here is a dollar, go get three espressi.

给你一美元，去买三杯浓缩咖啡。

2000，Lucienne Countess von Doz, M. E. Hecht，The Seventh Ceiling，Pen-y-Bryn Ltd., →ISBN，頁 143:

‘Two espressi plus the coffee ingested by the gentleman over there’ (he nodded in Lavater’s direction). The bill was produced and paid.

2006，Chris Walton，Sound Bites, →ISBN，頁 34:

“[…] I’ll make us two espressi.” DeSimone turned to the shiny chrome coffee maker.

2010，A. A. McClymont，SA-286，iUniverse, →ISBN，頁 31:

They are usually three-group machines (three portafilters capable of pulling three espressi at a time) and have a dedicated steam boiler, and either one brew boiler or a separate, tunable brew boiler for each group.

2012，James Freeman, Caitlin Freeman, Tara Duggan，The Blue Bottle Craft of Coffee: Growing, Roasting, and Drinking, with Recipes, →ISBN，頁 109:

She performed the gesture three times, receiving and passing to him separately two espressi in paper cups and a liter of Acqua Della Madonna- the B. V. M.’s own bottled water, on the feastday of the Assumed Virgin.

2013，Tristan Bellini，Beyond Choice and Secrecy，RoseDog Books, →ISBN，頁 79:

He took the manuscript to Florian’s, read it sitting on the piazza with the illuminated Basilica and campanile above him, through three espressi and then mineral water.

2013，Alex Jeffers，Deprivation; or, Benedetto Furioso: An Oneiromancy，Lethe Press, →ISBN，頁 153:

Gloess at al. [208] analyzed nine different coffee extraction methods with regard to analytical and sensory aspects for four espressi and five lunghi.

2015，Handbook of Food Analysis，第3rd版, CRC Press, →ISBN，頁 665:

One hour, a great deal of talking, three espressi, a bottle of excellent French rosé and three quarters of a bottle of whisky later, we’re sitting at the kitchen table doubled up with laughter.

一个小时后，我们聊了很多，喝了三杯浓缩咖啡、一瓶优质法国桃红葡萄酒和大半瓶威士忌，然后坐在厨房的桌子旁，开怀大笑。

2016 [2015]，Imogen Taylor（譯者）, The Trap，根據Raabe, Melanie原著改編的翻譯作品, →ISBN:


manifesti

manifesti 在英語罕用，對應較常用的是 manifestos 和 manifestoes。


cibai

Wah! This chibai lending her cunt to BN to help them win votes.

哇！這個賤人把屄借給國陣，幫他們贏得選票。

1999年November29日，Disgusted，“And now a few words from the bimbos...”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):

Woi cibai, this got nothing to do with NEP. So much hatred to anything "Malay" eh? You TIU NA SENG!!

喂賤人，這跟新經濟政策一點關係都沒有。就這麼恨“馬來”的東西嗎？我屌那星！

2001年August28日，sinkong，“Some Malay primary school teachers have poor attitude !!”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):

Okay, cibai: Tell it to *me* then that I need not study.

好的，賤人：跟*我*講吧，我不需要學習。

2004年February24日，Ahmad Sayuthi，“Re: Change our education system”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:cibai。


danna

可能是 dung 的異體。

dunny (“廁所”)的另一種寫法


Lunar New Year

在西方世界，本词通常用于指除传统中国历法之外的阴历/阴阳历（例如巴比伦历法、印度历法、伊斯兰历法和其他各种旧世界历法）的开始。对于东亚文化的新年（例如中国、蒙古、韩国或越南），无论其具体国籍，口语上多会称为“中国新年”，因为用阴历/阴阳历的东亚人当中，中国人/华人最常见。日本人是个例外，他们在明治维新后用公历取代了阴历。

2010年代以来，英语（尤其是在美国）中用“Lunar New Year”来称呼东亚文化新年的频率逐渐上升，因为其被认为比“中国新年”更能包容东亚的不同族群。

Photos obtained by CNN from an attendee at a village funeral in Cheng'an County in Hebei Province show mourners of all ages, including children, watching the performance.
The attendee, who asked not to be identified, said he was visiting family during the Lunar New Year holiday. While he was there, one of the elderly villagers died so he went to the funeral.

美国有线电视新闻网从河北省成安县一位参加农村葬礼的人士那里获得的照片显示，包括儿童在内的各个年龄段的哀悼者都在观看表演。
这位不愿透露姓名的参加者说，他在农历新年假期回乡探望家人，期间村里有位老人去世了，所以他去了葬礼。

2015年April24日，Euan McKirdy，“What a send-off: China's funeral strippers told to cover up [多么隆重的送别仪式：中国葬礼上的脱衣舞娘被要求穿好衣服]”, in CNN，存檔自the original on 2015-04-24:


quiet quitting

“在職離職”，只完成工作上的最低需求和標準


sty

繼承自中古英語 sty，繼承自古英語 stī、stiġ (“猪圈；木制围栏；大厅”，主要用於複合詞)。
同源詞包括德語 Stiege (“板条箱”)、德語 Steige (“鸡舍”，方言)、丹麥語 sti (“猪圈，圈养猪、羊、鸡等的场所”)、瑞典語 stia (“猪、鹅等的圈舍”)、挪威語 sti (“羊群”)、冰島語 stía (“狗窝”)。


sty

繼承自中古英語 stien、stiȝen、stighen，繼承自古英語 stīgan (“去；登高，爬上”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *stīgan，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *stīganą，源自原始印歐語 *steygʰ-。
同源詞包括荷蘭語 stijgen、德語 steigen、丹麥語 stige、書面挪威語 stige、新挪威語、瑞典語 stiga、古諾爾斯語 stíga。


sty

源自中古英語 styanye，被誤認為“sty on eye”，但實際上來自古英語 stīġend (字面意思是“上升者”)，源自 stīgan (“上升”) + 中古英語 yë (“眼睛”)。


ME

The little M.E.’s man nodded, picked his bag off the deck and went back up the steps to the pier.

小个子法医点点头，从甲板上拿起包，走上码头的台阶。

1939，Raymond Chandler，The Big Sleep，Penguin, 出版於 2011，頁 52:

myalgic encephalomyelitis (“慢性疲勞症候群；肌痛性腦脊髓炎”)之首字母縮略詞。

main engine (“主发动机”)之首字母縮略詞。


ME/CFS

myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome之首字母縮略詞。

The evidence is now so strong that ME/CFS is a serious multisystem neuro-immune disease that it becomes intellectually embarrassing for anyone to continue to consider it to be a psychosomatic disorder.

2015年June17日，ME Association，Countess of Mar challenges author to change her mind about ME/CFS:


SFPN

small fiber peripheral neuropathy之首字母縮略詞。


BFS

burning feet syndrome (“灼热足综合征”)之首字母縮略詞。

同類詞：DFS


tweaker

源自 tweak + -er；癮君子之義派生自冰毒的俚語 tweak 一詞，用以表示成癮者所表現的強迫行為。

用以修理小問題的工具，特指螺絲起子


pellegrina

一些羅馬天主教神職人員所穿的短披肩


chloruration

The heat of chloruration of the white cast iron was thus found to be greater than that of the grey cast iron.

1878，Julien Deby，Report on the Progress of the Iron and Steel Industries in Foreign Countries，頁 185:

The quantity of salt which will give the highest chloruration having been determined, it is wasteful to add more, as it has been shown by experiments made the Ontario Mill that 3 per cent. of undecomposed salt is contained in the roasted ore, more being present in the smaples from the shaft than from the flue.

1887，Thomas Egleston，The Metallurgy of Silver, Gold, and Mercury in the United States，頁 253:


altered

直線競速賽的一种汽车，通常其部分车身位于外露的发动机后面


Russ

源自德語 Russe 等詞彙，源自古東斯拉夫語 Русь (Rusĭ)。對照更為近現代的 Rus。

But time will teach the Russ, ev'n conquering War
Has handmaid arts: aye, aye, the Russ will woo
All sciences that speed Bellona's car,
All murder's tactic arts, and win them too […]

1831，Thomas Campbell，The Power of Russia:


GHQ

general health questionnaire (“普通健康問卷”)之首字母縮略詞。


aimag

盟（蒙古族地區行政區劃）


sea lion

源自 sea + lion，因其多生活於海中，叫聲和外形類似獅子而得名。對照中古英語 see hound、cee-hound、se hound (“海狸”，字面意思是“海狗”)。

Peek a Boo said, "I'm sorry guys, please tell my father that I'm ok. You see, I'm trying to become the first sea lion to become a Navy Seal.” The Jamaican Shaken Crabs looked at each other and said, “I don't know if your father told you, but you're a sea lion and no sea lion has ever become a Navy Seal."

2010，Larry Medina，The Adventures of Peek a Boo the Sea Lion，unnumbered 頁:

Sea lion pups are born with baby teeth, but most of these are replaced with permanent adult teeth by the time the pup is four months old. An adult sea lion has a total of 34 to 36 teeth, with 10 incisors in the front (six in the upper jaw and four in the lower jaw) plus two long canines and 10 to 12 cheek teeth on each side. Sea lions do not chew their food.

海狮幼崽出生时就有乳牙，但到 4 个月大时，大部分乳牙都会被恒牙取代。成年海狮共有 34 到 36 颗牙齿，前部有 10 颗门牙（上颌 6 颗，下颌 4 颗），两侧各有两颗长犬齿和 10 到 12 颗颊齿。海狮不会咀嚼食物。

When people ask me what the circus is really like behind the scenes, I tell them about runaway gypsy wagons, vanished acrobats, desperate ringmasters and recalcitrant sea lions to name a few.

当人们问我马戏团在幕后是什么样子时，我会告诉他们失控的吉普赛马车、消失的杂技演员、绝望的表演主持人和顽劣的海狮等等。

2013，Paul Binder，Never Quote the Weather to a Sea Lion: And Other Uncommon Tales from the Founder of the Big Apple Circus，頁 6:

由狮子的上半身和鱼的尾巴组成的怪物

从德克萨斯港口运送牲畜的轮船

从德克萨斯港口用轮船运输来的牛


Brahmaputra

借自梵語 ब्रह्मपुत्र (brahmaputra，“梵天之子”)，源自 ब्रह्मा (brahmā，“梵天”) + पुत्र (putra，“兒子”)。

/ˈbɹɑː.məˌpuː.tɹə/


EMAS

特性材料攔阻系統， engineered materials arresting system之首字母縮略詞。


sleighing

I heard magnificent accounts of the balls, parties, sleighings, and country frolics, which take place […]

我听到了关于舞会、聚会、坐雪橇和乡村嬉戏的精彩描述，这些活动 […]

1852，Sir Edward William Watkin，A Trip to the United States and Canada: In a Series of Letters [美国和加拿大之旅：一系列书信]，頁 26:


camera obscura

借自新拉丁語 camera obscūra (字面意思是“暗室”)；對比 camera。

camerae obscurae (plural)
camera obscuras (plural)

/ˌkæm.ə.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/

/ˌkæm.ɹə əbˈskjʊə.ɹə/


cacciatora

chasseur

一種烹飪方式，將肉放在含有蘑菇、青蔥、番茄、白葡萄酒和香草的醬汁中烹調

一種烹飪方式，將肉放在含有蘑菇、青蔥、番茄、白葡萄酒和香草的醬汁中烹調


mhw

mean high water (“平均高水位；平均高潮面”)之首字母縮略詞。


school tie

Alumni of prestigious schools fondly wear their school ties as a badge of honor

名校校友们都喜欢佩戴学生领带，将其视为荣誉徽章


soybean oil

同類詞：olive oil、palm oil


palm oil

“賄賂”義項中的“palm”指的是手掌。

同類詞：palm kernel oil (勿混淆)、olive oil

Since the mid-1980s, when Indonesia first began to clear its bountiful forests on an industrial scale in favour of lucrative palm-oil plantations, “haze” has become an almost annual occurrence in South-East Asia.

自1980年代中期，印度尼西亚开始大规模砍伐其丰富的森林，转而种植利润丰厚的棕榈油以来，“雾霾”几乎每年都会在东南亚出现。

2013年June29日，“Unspontaneous combustion”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8842，頁 29:


palm-oil

palm oil的另一種拼寫法


damma

借自阿拉伯語 ضَمَّة (ḍamma，“連接”)，動詞ضَمَّ (ḍamma，“連接”)的實例名詞。指的是發 /u/ 音的時候把兩片嘴唇連接起來.

合口符，阿拉伯語中表示 u 的元音點，看起來像是在字母上加了個小的捲曲（ـُ），表示短 /u/ 音。如果後面直接跟著字母و (wāw)，則其表示長 /uː/ 音。

在伊朗波斯語中，ـُ表示元音 /o/。如果後面直接跟字母ـو，則表示雙元音 /ow/。這種用法與其他阿拉伯文語言以及古典波斯語都不同。


house of ill fame

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-house of ill fame.ogg

開展色情服務的場所；妓院

Thirty men were arrested July 26 and charged with "open and gross lewdness" in an early-morning vice squad raid on the Quagmire bar basement. Police also arrested the bar's manager, Barcaly Churchill, and owner, Lloyd Swanson, charging them with a number of counts, including the keeping of a house of ill fame and the dissemination of obscene matter.

7月26日凌晨，扫黄队突袭了 Quagmire 酒吧地下室，逮捕了30名男子，并指控他们“公开猥亵”。警方还逮捕了酒吧经理 Barcaly Churchill 和老板 Lloyd Swanson，指控他们多项罪名，包括经营淫秽场所和传播淫秽内容。

1981年August8日，Larry Goldsmith，“Boston Police Arrest 30 Men in Bar Raid [波士顿警方在酒吧突袭中逮捕30名男子]”, in Gay Community News [同性恋社区新闻]，頁 1:


ill fame

Sea-poppies and ragwort were plants of ill-fame, too.

海罂粟和千里光也是名声不好的植物。

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 157:


guider

繼承自中古英語 gider、gyder，等價於 guide + -er。對照古法語 guidëor。


Kissingerism

亨利·基辛格的政治理念、政策


ground troops

Blair urged a reluctant President Bill Clinton to send American ground troops. […] His willingness to commit ground troops was not shared elsewhere.

布莱尔敦促心存犹豫的比尔·克林顿总统派遣美国地面部队。 […] 他派遣地面部队的意愿并未得到其他人认同。

2003，Earl Aaron Reitan，The Thatcher Revolution，Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN，頁 200:


land force

同類詞：air force


silent film

Lewis Stone as the Marquis gives one of the greatest performances in silent film I have ever seen.
刘易斯·斯通饰演的侯爵是我所见过的无声电影中最伟大的表演之一。

2009, Neil McDonald, Quadrant, November 2009, No. 461 (Volume LIII, Number 11), Quadrant Magazine Limited, page 104:


culturicide

/kʌlˈt͡ʃʊəɹɪˌsaɪd/

文化滅絕（对一种文化的系统性破坏）

If culturicide is to be prevented, certain means must be employed.

如果要防止文化灭绝，就必须采取某些手段。

1969，New Physician，卷 18, Reston, Va.: American Medical Student Association, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 617:

In effect, the textbooks commit what we term culturecide: the destruction of a culture, either by physical force or through symbolic means. The textbooks contribute to such destruction by distorting and omitting information […]

实际上，教科书犯下了我们所说的文化灭绝罪：通过武力或象征手段摧毁一种文化。教科书通过扭曲和省略信息助长了这种破坏 […]

1974，Education and Cultural Process: Toward an Anthropology of Education [教育与文化进程：走向教育人类学]，New York, N.Y., London: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, →ISBN，頁 529:

Though culturecide is in and of itself not genocide, it does threaten the existence of a group if individual actions assume a quantitative mass whose collective impact can result in the demise of a group.

尽管文化灭绝本身并不是种族灭绝，但如果个人行为的数量达到一定程度，其集体影响可能导致一个群体的灭亡，那么它确实会威胁到一个群体的存在。

1998，State Crime [国家犯罪] (International Library of Criminology, Criminal Justice and Penology)，卷s I (Defining, Delineating, and Explaining State Crime), Aldershot, Hampshire: Dartmouth, →ISBN，頁 384:


maple syrup

maple sirup (alternative)
maple syrups (plural)


tsade

許多閃語族語言中的第十八個字母


ogo

借自日語 オゴ (ogo)；オゴノリ (ogonori)的簡稱。


ignorati

故意装无知的人；选择忽略不利事实或基于谎言公开发表言论的人

(title)

2011年October28日，Joseph Romm，“The New York Times joins the energy and climate ignorati”, in Grist Magazine:

First, we'll show you why you want to erase every piece of misinformation with which the wellness ignorati have indoctrinated you.

2013，Tom Emerick, Al Lewis，Cracking Health Costs: How to Cut Your Company's Health Costs and Provide Employees Better Care, →ISBN:

Amazon didn't patent the white cyc or the white background as the ignorati have claimed; they only patented a clever method to get the reflecting floor to blend seamlessly into the background, as-shot in-camera.

2014年June2日，Steve Schuler，“DIY Photo Light Box: Did Amazon Patent Photography Against A White Background”, in Science 2.0:

Carly has to appease the Ignorati (as I dub the right-wing base), so she touts a nonexistent fetus-harvesting video.

2015年September23日，Richard J. Rosendall，“Appeasing the Ignorati”, in Washington Blade:

The Islamic State group is doing well recruiting thousands from Europe and America, mainly young ignorati, with its pitch that they are defending Muslims against the crusaders bent on extermination of their religion.

伊斯兰国宣称他们致力于保护穆斯林免遭那些致力于消灭伊斯兰教的十字军的侵害，因此成功地从欧洲和美国招募了数千名成员，其中大部分是揣着明白装糊涂的小年轻。

2015年December14日，Mortimer B. Zuckerman，“To Defeat the Islamic State Group, Fight Smarter”, in U.S. News & World Report:


ignorabimus

无法得知其是否真实的陈述


alluminate

The alternate parallel arrangement of the silicate (tetrahedral) and alluminate (octahedral) layers and any isomorphous substitution within them accounts for the relatively high ion- exchange behavior of natural clay

1996，Proceedings of the International Topical Meeting on Nuclear and Hazardous Waste Management:


silent agitator

貼在公共场所的貼紙，用於宣傳某項社會政治事業（字面意思是「沉默的煽動者」）


Cousins

cousins (“英國稱呼美國情報部門，或美國稱呼英國情報部門”)的大小寫替代形式


imbuia

借自葡萄牙語 imbuia，源頭不明。


imaginator

源自拉丁語 imāginātus（imāginārī 的過去分詞）+ 英語 -or。對照中古英語 ymagynatourys (“阴谋家；密谋者”)。

Secondly, hee would teach, that hee was as hee ſeemed to bee, true very man, fleſh, bloud, and bone as wee truely are; which the Divell denyed in the Docitæ [read Docetæ] or Imaginators, who held nothing reall, what hee [Christ] was, what hee did, what hee ſuffered, but all onely ſeeming ſo and in appearance.

1642，Richard Montagu，The Acts and Monuments of the Church Before Christ Incarnate，London: […] Miles Flesher and Robert Young，頁 491:

Suppose, if it be possible, that such a proposition had been made, or that such a prophecy had been ventured, in May 1834, as that in the spring of 1835 a Whig cabinet should be formed without thinking of Lord Brougham, and that some minor office should have been tossed to him, as you throw a bone to a dog! Would not the imaginator of such a thing have been treated as a maniac or a fool?

1835 May，“The State and Prospects of Toryism in May, 1835”, in Fraser’s Magazine for Town and Country，卷 XI, London: James Fraser, […]，頁 612，列 2:

We may add, and our author has knowledge of the fact, that not even the Germans, those masterly delineators and imaginators of fairy-land, have shown greater or more exquisite insight into the lives and ways of elfs and fays than that which was shown by George Cruikshank.

我们可以补充一点，而且我们的作者也知道这样一个事实，即使是德国人，那些童话世界的大师级描绘者和想象者，对精灵和仙女的生活的描绘，其所展示的洞察力，也不比乔治·克鲁克香克更精湛。

1882年October7日，“The Life of George Cruikshank: in Two Epochs. By Blanchard Jerrold. […]”, in The Athenæum: Journal of Literature, Science, the Fine Arts, Music, and the Drama，期 2867, London: […] John C. Francis, […]，頁 471，列 1:

The musicological dancer and the historyteller inspired each other, sometimes in conspiracy also with Tessa the critical stage manager and Beni their imaginator of set and costumes.

1996，Jonathan Bayliss，Gloucestertide，Rockport, Mass.: Protean Press, →ISBN，頁 260:


peil

借自荷蘭語 peil (“水位”)。

Tokyo Peil (TP); Yedogawa Peil (YP); Osaka Peil (OP)

東京水位；江戶川水位；大阪水位


swallow-wort

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：

白前屬（Vincetoxicum syn. Cynanchum spp.），尤其是 Vincetoxicum nigrum（syn. Cynanchum nigrum，俗稱 black swallow-wort）或催吐白前（Vincetoxicum hirundinaria (syn. Cynanchum vincetoxicum，俗稱 white swallowwort）

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：
馬利筋屬（Asclepias spp.）

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：
斑地錦（Euphorbia maculata）

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：

Pattalias palustris (syn. Seutera angustifolia，俗稱 Gulf Coast swallow wort)

多種形似燕尾的植物之俗稱：
牛角瓜屬（Calotropis spp.）


chelidon

源自古希臘語 χελῑδών (khelīdṓn，“燕子”)，可能指的是其與燕尾類似的形狀。

He tracked inflammation daily by timing how long he stayed aloft on his pull-up bar, hanging by various combinations of his arms and legs, using his hands, chelidons and houghs.


cheffer

源自 chef (“刺傷或割傷”) + -er。

Grab the mic and I drop my cheffer

2020年October13日，Vlone975 where Vlone （作曲作詞）, “Ben n’ Jerry’s”:

.38 in my pouch, man do it with skills
Man do it with tekkers, swing my cheffer

2021年December9日，Bully B X Stewie X LR (Sin Squad), there Bully B （作曲作詞）, “Hello”，0:40–0:45:


beer parlor

Observational study of alcohol consumption in natural settings: The Vancouver beer parlor.

自然环境中酒精消费的观察性研究：温哥华啤酒馆。

1994，Clement Vonnie V，Research and Intervention: Preventing Substance Abuse in Higher Education:

You go to the beer parlor, you know everybody.

你去啤酒馆走一趟，就能认识所有人。

1998，Antonio Azuela, Emilio Duhau，Evictions and the Right to Housing:

At UBC Canada, the student center also houses an auditorium and a beer parlor for students called the Pit, as well as a bowling alley on the lower ground floor.

在加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚大学，学生中心还设有一个礼堂和一个名为 Pit 的学生啤酒馆，以及位于地下层的保龄球馆。

2006，Ashok Malhotra，Fundamentals of Excellence in Technical and other Universities:


hirundine

源自拉丁語 hirundo (“燕子”)。

/hɪˈɹʌndʌɪn/

‘...and so, gentlemen, I believe I may confidently state that the hibernation of swallows, and of all other hirundines, is conclusively proved,’ said Mr Lamb, with a defiant glare at his audience.

“……因此，先生们，我相信我可以自信地说，燕子和所有其他燕科鸟类的冬眠已经有了确凿的证据，”兰姆先生用挑衅的目光瞪着他的听众说道。


jubile

/ˌd͡ʒuːbɪˈliː/

And thou ſhalt number ſeuen Sabbaths of yeeres vnto thee, ſeuen times ſeuen yeeres, and the ſpace of the ſeuen Sabbaths of yeeres, ſhall be vnto thee fourtie and nine yeeres. Then ſhalt thou cauſe the trumpet of the Jubile to ſound, on the tenth day of the ſeuenth moneth, in the day of atonement ſhall ye make the trumpet ſound throughout all your land. And ye ſhall hallow the fiftieth yeere, and proclaime libertie throughout all the land, vnto al the inhabitants thereof: It ſhalbe a Jubile vnto you, and ye ſhall returne euery man vnto his poſſeſſion, and ye ſhall returne euery man vnto his family.

你要計算七個安息年，就是七七年；這便為你成了七個安息年，共是四十九年。當年七月初十日，你要大發角聲，這日就是贖罪日，要在遍地發出角聲。第五十年你們要當作聖年，在遍地給一切的居民宣告自由；這年必為你們的禧年，各人要歸自己的產業，各歸本家。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Leviticus 25:8–10，列 2: