See tuff in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自法語的英語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語不可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語可數名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tufflava"
}
],
"etymology_text": "來自法語 tuffe、tuf，來自意大利語 tufo，來自拉丁語 tōfus。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 岩石",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society 2011, p. 9n:",
"text": "This is what makes an ignimbrite; the general term for this kind of volcaniclastic rock is ‘tuff’.\n（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）"
}
],
"glosses": [
"凝灰岩"
],
"id": "zh-tuff-en-noun-SLVuAyqp",
"topics": [
"petrology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻 (英國)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav"
},
{
"homophone": "tough"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "凝灰岩",
"word": "tufa"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"word": "tuff"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有2個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自拉丁語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "派生自法語的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "源自法語的英語借詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_text": "來自法語 tuffe、tuf，來自意大利語 tufo，來自拉丁語 tōfus。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuffer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuffest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有引文的英語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語引文翻譯請求",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語視覺方言",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, Joy Wilt Berry, Ernie Hergenroeder, Tuff Stuff: A Children's Book about Trauma, Educational Products Division, Word, Inc., →ISBN:",
"text": "Tuff Stuff teaches that while life may go smoothly most of the time, ..."
},
{
"ref": "2000, Margaret Cavendish, “Preface to the Reader (1655)”, 出自 Sylvia Bowerbank, Sara Mendelson 編, Paper Bodies, →ISBN，頁號 139:",
"text": "… yet never to make us so strong as the strongest of Men, whose Sinnews are tuffer, and Bones stronger, and Joints closer, and Flesh firmer, than ours are …"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Ronald Carter, The Routledge Guide to Modern English Writing (Language Arts), Routledge, →ISBN，頁號 96:",
"text": "It was rave reviewed in the Caribbean Times as 'the ruffest, tuffest and the boo-yacka of all modern gangster novels'."
},
{
"ref": "2006, Paige Hemmis, The Tuff Chix Guide to Easy Home Improvement, Penguin, →ISBN，頁號 36:",
"text": "TUFF METER"
},
{
"ref": "2010年January20日, Robert J. Elisberg, “CES 2020 -- Ohm on the Range”, 出自 Huffington Post, retrieved 2012-09-14:",
"text": "Its Tuff-n-Tiny USB flash drive is about the size of a thumbnail. … The company insists that the \"tuff\" part of the name is well-earned for being waterproof, dustproof and you can drive a car over it."
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tough"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tough的視覺方言拼法。"
],
"id": "zh-tuff-en-adj--HLI-ILJ",
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻 (英國)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav"
},
{
"homophone": "tough"
}
],
"word": "tuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的英語詞",
"派生自法語的英語詞",
"源自法語的英語借詞",
"英語不可數名詞",
"英語可數名詞",
"英語名詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "tufflava"
}
],
"etymology_text": "來自法語 tuffe、tuf，來自意大利語 tufo，來自拉丁語 tōfus。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuffs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"英語 岩石"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "2004, Richard Fortey, The Earth, Folio Society 2011, p. 9n:",
"text": "This is what makes an ignimbrite; the general term for this kind of volcaniclastic rock is ‘tuff’.\n（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）"
}
],
"glosses": [
"凝灰岩"
],
"topics": [
"petrology"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻 (英國)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav"
},
{
"homophone": "tough"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense": "凝灰岩",
"word": "tufa"
}
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"uncountable"
],
"word": "tuff"
}
{
"categories": [
"有2個詞條的頁面",
"派生自意大利語的英語詞",
"派生自拉丁語的英語詞",
"派生自法語的英語詞",
"源自法語的英語借詞",
"英語形容詞",
"英語詞元"
],
"etymology_text": "來自法語 tuffe、tuf，來自意大利語 tufo，來自拉丁語 tōfus。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "tuffer",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "tuffest",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"有引文的英語詞",
"英語引文翻譯請求",
"英語視覺方言"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1980, Joy Wilt Berry, Ernie Hergenroeder, Tuff Stuff: A Children's Book about Trauma, Educational Products Division, Word, Inc., →ISBN:",
"text": "Tuff Stuff teaches that while life may go smoothly most of the time, ..."
},
{
"ref": "2000, Margaret Cavendish, “Preface to the Reader (1655)”, 出自 Sylvia Bowerbank, Sara Mendelson 編, Paper Bodies, →ISBN，頁號 139:",
"text": "… yet never to make us so strong as the strongest of Men, whose Sinnews are tuffer, and Bones stronger, and Joints closer, and Flesh firmer, than ours are …"
},
{
"ref": "2003, Ronald Carter, The Routledge Guide to Modern English Writing (Language Arts), Routledge, →ISBN，頁號 96:",
"text": "It was rave reviewed in the Caribbean Times as 'the ruffest, tuffest and the boo-yacka of all modern gangster novels'."
},
{
"ref": "2006, Paige Hemmis, The Tuff Chix Guide to Easy Home Improvement, Penguin, →ISBN，頁號 36:",
"text": "TUFF METER"
},
{
"ref": "2010年January20日, Robert J. Elisberg, “CES 2020 -- Ohm on the Range”, 出自 Huffington Post, retrieved 2012-09-14:",
"text": "Its Tuff-n-Tiny USB flash drive is about the size of a thumbnail. … The company insists that the \"tuff\" part of the name is well-earned for being waterproof, dustproof and you can drive a car over it."
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "tough"
}
],
"glosses": [
"tough的視覺方言拼法。"
],
"tags": [
"form-of"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/tʌf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/0c/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"音頻 (英國)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-tuff.wav"
},
{
"homophone": "tough"
}
],
"word": "tuff"
}
Download raw JSONL data for tuff meaning in 英語 (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 英語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-03 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.