"bureaucracy" meaning in 英語

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "含有後綴-cracy的英語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生形式不詳的英語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "派生自法語的英語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語不可數名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語可數名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "英語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bureaucrat"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratese"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratic"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratically"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "bureau + -cracy，來自法語 bureaucratie，由雅克·克勞德·瑪麗·文森特·德古納所創的新詞，來自bureau (“官方”) + -cratie (“規則”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bureaucracies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "英語",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021 December 29, Philip Haigh, “Rail's role in unifying Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, 出自 RAIL, 期 947，頁號 25:",
          "text": "However, when Britain left the European Union, ferries started to ply a direct sea link from Ireland, to save hauliers from custom's bureaucracy of driving via Britain."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚政府"
      ],
      "id": "zh-bureaucracy-en-noun-adDiKldY"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "At that time the administration replaced the system of patronage in the civil service with a bureaucracy.",
          "translation": "当时，政府用官僚制取代了公务员队伍中的赞助制。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚體制"
      ],
      "id": "zh-bureaucracy-en-noun-n11YsxJ5",
      "raw_tags": [
        "organizational theory"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the needs of the expanding bureaucracy. (apocryphal quip)",
          "translation": "官僚机构正在扩大，以满足不断扩大的官僚体制的需要。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚機構"
      ],
      "id": "zh-bureaucracy-en-noun-GNjBwmNq"
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The head of the civil service promised to clamp down on bureaucracy.",
          "translation": "公务员系统的负责人承诺要打击官僚主义。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 May 20, Andrew Haines talks to Stefanie Foster, “Repurpose rail for the 2020s”, 出自 Rail，頁號 35:",
          "text": "\"If we can capture anything from this awful situation, it is that ability to trust people to do certain things for themselves and to look out for each other, and to give them the tools to do their job as well as they can without having to go through endless bureaucracy to achieve it, which very often just delays and dilutes and doesn't add much value."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "繁文縟節，官僚主義"
      ],
      "id": "zh-bureaucracy-en-noun-GrUWPLMo",
      "raw_tags": [
        "主要用於貶義"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "音頻 (英國)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bureaucratie"
    },
    {
      "roman": "過時",
      "word": "bureau-ocracy"
    },
    {
      "roman": "美國",
      "word": "burocracy"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "countable",
    "uncountable"
  ],
  "word": "bureaucracy"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "含有後綴-cracy的英語詞",
    "派生形式不詳的英語詞",
    "派生自法語的英語詞",
    "英語不可數名詞",
    "英語可數名詞",
    "英語名詞",
    "英語詞元"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bureaucrat"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratese"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratic"
    },
    {
      "word": "bureaucratically"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "bureau + -cracy，來自法語 bureaucratie，由雅克·克勞德·瑪麗·文森特·德古納所創的新詞，來自bureau (“官方”) + -cratie (“規則”)。",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "bureaucracies",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "英語",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "2021 December 29, Philip Haigh, “Rail's role in unifying Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, 出自 RAIL, 期 947，頁號 25:",
          "text": "However, when Britain left the European Union, ferries started to ply a direct sea link from Ireland, to save hauliers from custom's bureaucracy of driving via Britain."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚政府"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "At that time the administration replaced the system of patronage in the civil service with a bureaucracy.",
          "translation": "当时，政府用官僚制取代了公务员队伍中的赞助制。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚體制"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "organizational theory"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "business"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the needs of the expanding bureaucracy. (apocryphal quip)",
          "translation": "官僚机构正在扩大，以满足不断扩大的官僚体制的需要。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "官僚機構"
      ]
    },
    {
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "The head of the civil service promised to clamp down on bureaucracy.",
          "translation": "公务员系统的负责人承诺要打击官僚主义。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2020 May 20, Andrew Haines talks to Stefanie Foster, “Repurpose rail for the 2020s”, 出自 Rail，頁號 35:",
          "text": "\"If we can capture anything from this awful situation, it is that ability to trust people to do certain things for themselves and to look out for each other, and to give them the tools to do their job as well as they can without having to go through endless bureaucracy to achieve it, which very often just delays and dilutes and doesn't add much value."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "繁文縟節，官僚主義"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "主要用於貶義"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c9/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav/LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "音頻 (英國)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-bureaucracy.wav"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bureaucratie"
    },
    {
      "roman": "過時",
      "word": "bureau-ocracy"
    },
    {
      "roman": "美國",
      "word": "burocracy"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "countable",
    "uncountable"
  ],
  "word": "bureaucracy"
}