formalin

If you failed to bathe it in the formalin solution every time, its flesh might cross the precipitous border into decay.

2023，V. V. Ganeshananthan，Brotherless Night，Viking，頁 20:


fauvism

Paris had been the birthplace of the Modernist sensibility during the latter half of the previous century, when its cafés, studios and tolerant atmosphere helped nurture the symbolist school in poetry and impressionism in painting. By the start of the First World War, it had sheltered fauvism, cubism, expressionism, vorticism, and a host of other splinter movements through which the emerging culture gradually took shape.

上世纪下半叶，巴黎曾是现代主义思潮的发源地，其咖啡馆、工作室和包容的氛围孕育了诗歌中的象征主义流派和绘画中的印象派。到第一次世界大战爆发时，巴黎庇护了野兽派、立体主义、表现主义、漩涡主义以及许多其他分支艺术运动，新兴文化正是借此逐渐成型。

1999，Daniel J. Singal，William Faulkner: The Making of a Modernist，Univ of North Carolina Press, →ISBN，頁 71:


formicivorous

Formicivorous mammals (those which feed mainly on ants) come in all shapes and sizes […]

食蟻（即以螞蟻為主食）哺乳動物們的形態大小各異 […]

2010，Paula Hammond，Atlas of the World's Strangest Animals，頁 152:


faxes

fax 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


fluoridate

fluoridates (third-person singular present)
fluoridating (present participle)
fluoridated (past participle)

給……添加氟化物（尤其是加到飲用水中，以防止蛀牙）


fluoride

/ˈflʊəˌɹaɪd/

/ˈflɔːˌɹaɪd/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fluoride.wav

However, too much fluoride produces a mottling effect on teeth. Large doses of fluoride are actually toxic.

然而，氟化物过多会导致牙齿变色。大剂量的氟化物实际上是有毒的。

2000，Lawrie Ryan，Advanced Chemistry for You，Cheltenham: Nelson Thornes, →ISBN，頁 54:


fluorinate

fluorinates (third-person singular present)
fluorinating (present participle)
fluorinated (past participle)


fluorination

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-fluorination.wav


furry

furrier (comparative)
furriest (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-furry.wav

His treatment of our furry friends was nothing short of appalling.

他對我們毛茸朋友的待遇簡直是駭人聽聞。


furry

fursona

擬人化動物，常稱呼為獸、獸人。

擬人化動物，常稱呼為獸、獸人。

What percentage of furries are wolves?

The furry had designed an elaborate costume.

那名獸迷精心設計了一套服裝。

扮演成獸人角色，或自認有獸人身分的人。（對比therianthrope）


furtively

more furtively (comparative)
most furtively (superlative)


fortune-teller

fortune teller (alternative)
fortuneteller (alternative)
fortune-tellers (plural)

"Cross my palm with silver and I'll tell you your fortune," said the fortune-teller.

“用銀子劃過我的手掌，我就能算出你的命運。”算命家說道。

The usual exchange between English children is as follows: A: Who do you love? (referring to one of the names on the fortune-teller) B: Simon. A: S-I-M-O-N (alternately opens and shuts the device as he or she says each letter).

2006，Andrew Wright, David Betteridge, Michael Buckby，Games for Language Learning，頁 137:


fustian

Fustian, of which I found only one entry before 1401, occurs frequently in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. It appears to have been a ribbed cloth. […] On one occasion (1443) it is described as 'white ribbed fustian.'

1882，James E[dwin] Thorold Rogers，“On the Price of Textile Fabrics and Clothing”, in A History of Agriculture and Prices in England […]，卷s IV (1401–1582), Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →OCLC，頁 568:

His fustian shirt, sanguineflowered, trembles its Spanish tassels at his secrets

(Can we date this quote?)，James Joyce，Ulysses:

Nothing that belongs to Homer seems to have been more commonly mistaken than the just pitch of his style, some of his translators having swelled into fustian in a proud confidence of the sublime, others sunk into flatness in a cold and timorous notion of simplicity.

(Can we date this quote?)，Alexander Pope，“Translator's Preface”, in Iliad:


foundational

more foundational (comparative)
most foundational (superlative)


flywheel

As on Nos. 20001-3, the motor and generator armature shafts of the new locomotive each carry a heavy flywheel to provide kinetic energy and help maintain the speed of the motor-generator set during interruptions of supply, as at breaks in the continuity of the conductor rail.

1959 March，“The 2,500 h.p. electric locomotives for the Kent Coast electrification”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 123:


focalise

focalises (third-person singular present)
focalising (present participle)
focalised (past participle)


frambesia

古典借詞，源自新拉丁語 frambēsia。 bramberry和framboise 的同源對似詞。


fraudulent

more fraudulent (comparative)
most fraudulent (superlative)


gravestone

繼承自中古英語 graveston、gravestone、gravestan，等價於 grave + stone。

The value of gravestone inscriptions for ancestral research has long been recognised. The discovery of a single gravestone may provide more information on the history of a family than could be gleaned from […]

墓碑铭文在祖先研究中的价值早已得到认可。一块墓碑的发现，或许能提供比从 […] 中收集到的更多家族历史信息。

2005，William J. Roulston，Researching Scots-Irish Ancestors: The Essential Genealogical Guide to Early Modern Ulster, 1600-1800，Ulster Historical Foundation, →ISBN，頁 41:


gargle

gargles (third-person singular present)
gargling (present participle)
gargled (past participle)


garnett

garnetts (third-person singular present)
garnetting (present participle)
garnetted (past participle)


garnetting

garnett 的現在時分詞和動名詞


goldeye

类似鲱鱼可供食用的淡水鱼


garth

繼承自中古英語 garth，源自古諾爾斯語 garðr，源自原始日耳曼語 *gardaz，與古英語 ġeard 同源。yard 的同源對似詞。

a cloister garth

樹林中的一塊空地（多見於北英格蘭地名）

信奉日耳曼多神教運動的一群人或一个家庭

The Candidate for membership of Hof, Garth or Hearth shall hold an Armill, or he may touch an unsheathed Sword throughout the ceremony.

2014年November18日，Stubba，The Book of Blots，頁 102:

现代日耳曼多神教運動仪式和诗歌中的圣地

鱼梁，一种用于捕鱼的堤坝或围堰


goluptious

more goluptious (comparative)
most goluptious (superlative)


gingerbread

/ˈd͡ʒɪn(d͡)ʒəbɹɛd/

/ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚbɹɛd/


gainsay

gainsays (third-person singular present)
gainsaying (present participle)
gainsaid (past participle)


gingivitis

gingivitides (plural)
gingivites (plural)


greenbrier

菝葜屬的植物，亦特指圓葉菝葜。


gonfalon

/ˈɡɑːn.fə.ˌlɑːn/


greengrocery

greengrocer + -y，或greengrocer + grocery 組成的混成詞。

Where greengrocery is concerned there is a distinction between the sale in the shops or in special greengrocery shops...

1925，Theodor Cassau, J F Mills，The Consumers' Co-operative Movement in Germany:

When William was twenty-four and Emma was twenty-three, they were married and took over a greengrocery in Stratford.

2004，Patrick McGilligan，Alfred Hitchcock: A Life in Darkness and Light:


good-looking

源自 good + looking。對照荷蘭語 goeduitziend (“好看的”)、德語 gutaussehend (“好看的”)。

better-looking (comparative)
more good-looking (comparative)
best-looking (superlative)
most good-looking (superlative)

/ˈɡʊdˈlʊk.ɪŋ/

When one of us sees a good-looking guy, we nudge the other one and smile. One guy had the most gorgeous face I had ever seen. Every time we go to the mall we look around for 'that guy' just in case.

当我们中有人看到帅哥时，我们会用手肘碰碰另一个人，然后微笑。其中一个男人的脸是我见过的最帅气的。每次我们去商场时，我们都会四处寻找“那个男人”，万一他还在呢。


grenade

借自法語 grenade，來自古法語 grenate，出自短語pomme grenate (“石榴”)，源自中世紀拉丁語 pomum (“蘋果”) + granatum (“有種子”)。尾音的 -d 是受到西班牙語 granada的影響，法語進而衍生出該詞。garnet 的同源對似詞。

類似炸彈的彈殼，頂部有一團火焰


grenade

grenades (third-person singular present)
grenading (present participle)
grenaded (past participle)

Some of the infantry got pinned down by it, and from cover kept up the battle by grenading rubble piles or any other likely spots ahead of them.

2001，Samuel Lyman Atwood Marshall，Island Victory: The Battle of Kwajalein Atoll，頁 43:

They advanced after grenading the next traverse, much like the British did.

2015，Gordon L. Rottman，The Hand Grenade，頁 46:


geomancer

土占者（使用泥土占卜的方士）


geometric

more geometric (comparative)
most geometric (superlative)

/ˌdʒiː.əʊˈmɛt.ɹɪk/


goose-club

为购买耶诞节用鹅而起之合会


griffin

来自 古法語 grifoun，来自 拉丁語 gryphus，来自 古希臘語 γρύψ

狮鹫，半狮半鹫的怪兽，长着狮的身躯和鹫的头和翼。参见维基百科条目：狮鹫


gop

借自俄語 го́п (góp)。


galleon

:galley (一种桨帆船, 以人力划桨为主要动力) + -on (放大性后缀)。

嘎里恩帆船。一种流行于古代欧洲的长条形大型帆船，大小仅次于风帆列舰和战斗舰。


georama

內側繪製有世界地圖，以便站在裡面的人觀看的巨大空心球。


gatekeeper

The sources the citations are drawn from are significant, being printed books or newspapers subject to editorial processes and gatekeepers of language standards, as opposed to unedited texts such as blogs, chatroom logs or student writing.

2012，James Lambert，“Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes，頁 302:

At each station is a level crossing, in addition to others away from stations, and, as both the road and rail traffic are heavy, the gatekeepers (mostly signalmen) are quite busy and have acquired well-merited mention for reducing delays to road traffic to a minimum.

1946 January and February，G. A. Sekon，“The L.B.S.C.R. West Coast Section”, in Railway Magazine，頁 15:

在解離性身分疾患中，指控制著各種身分存取的人格


glaze

glazes (third-person singular present)
glazing (present participle)
glazed (past participle)


graceful

more graceful (comparative)
most graceful (superlative)

She is a graceful dancer.

The half-dozen pieces […] were painted white and carved with festoons of flowers, birds and cupids. […] The bed was the most extravagant piece. Its graceful cane halftester rose high towards the cornice and was so festooned in carved white wood that the effect was positively insecure, as if the great couch were trimmed with icing sugar.

1963，Margery Allingham，章號 1, in The China Governess: A Mystery，London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:

The athlete's graceful acceptance of the controversial second-place finish won the admiration of the spectators.

这位运动员从容地接受了备受争议的第二名的成绩，赢得了观众的钦佩。

Bringing a system down cleanly will preserve the operating system and some log files, but again will destroy the contents of the RAM (the volatile data). Windows and Linux are two operating systems that require a graceful shutdown.

彻底关闭系统将保留操作系统和一些日志文件，但同样会破坏RAM的内容（易失性数据）。Windows和Linux是两种需要平滑关闭的操作系统。

2009，Dale Liu，Cisco Router and Switch Forensics:


gametangium

配子囊,擁有配子體的器官。


groundhog

ground-hog (alternative)
ground hog (alternative)
groundhogs (plural)

whistle-pig

美洲旱獺，北美土撥鼠（Marmota monax）

woodchuck

美洲旱獺，北美土撥鼠（Marmota monax）

美洲旱獺，北美土撥鼠（Marmota monax）


gerontocracy

/ˌdʒɛɹənˈtɒkɹəsi/

It would come as no surprise to find that optimum science policy is apt to be developed neither by gerontocracy nor by juvenocracy but, like the community of scientists itself, by age-diversified meritocracy.

1972，Harriet Zuckerman, Robert K. Merton，“Age, Aging, and Age Structure in Science”, in Matilda White Riley, Marilyn Johnson, Anne Foner, Aging and Society，卷 3 (A Sociology of Age Stratification), New York, N.Y.: Russell Sage Foundation, →ISBN，頁 337:

But in his 1996 novel, Holy Fire, [Bruce] Sterling imagines a rather different future: a world ruled by an all-powerful gerontocracy, which appropriates most of the world's wealth to pay for ever more costly life-extension techniques.

1997年March9日，Paul Krugman，“Does Getting Old Cost Society Too Much?”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

He [Koizumi] was what would pass for a political maverick among Japan's faceless gray gerontocracy.

2018，Mikiso Hane，Modern Japan: A Historical Survey，第5th版, Routledge, →ISBN:


groundless

繼承自中古英語 groundles，來自古英語 grundlēas，來自原始日耳曼語 *grundulausaz。

more groundless (comparative)
most groundless (superlative)


grounds

(法律学,可数) 理由。


grouse

grouses (third-person singular present)
grousing (present participle)
groused (past participle)


groveling

grovel 的現在時分詞和動名詞

New ways I must attempt, my groveling name
To raise aloft, and wing my flight to fame.

1697，John Dryden，Georgics，根據Virgil原著改編的翻譯作品, Book III, lines 13–14:


groveling

grovel 的動詞性名詞


growing

(作定语) 与生长有关的。


grammatically

more grammatically (comparative)
most grammatically (superlative)

For example, once the child is able to parse (i.e. grammatically analyse) an adult utterance such as Help Daddy and knows that it contains a verb phrase comprising the head verb help and its complement Daddy, then (on the assumption that the language faculty specifies that all heads of a given type behave uniformly with regard to whether they are positioned before or after their complements), the child will automatically know that all verbs in English are canonically (i.e. normally) positioned before their complements.

例如，一旦孩子能够解析（即从语法上分析）成人的话语（如 Help Daddy），并知道它包含一个由中心动词 help 及其补语 Daddy 组成的动词短语，那么（假设语言机制指定所有给定类型的中心动词在位于补语之前或之后的表现都是一致的），孩子就会自动知道英语中的所有动词都规范地（即正常地）位于补语之前。

2004，Andrew Radford，Minimalist Syntax: Exploring the structure of English，Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, §1.7，頁 23:


gander

Have a gander at what he’s written.

I took a gander and she seemed so familiar.

我望了一眼，覺得她很面熟。


gruff

源自西佛蘭德語、荷蘭語 grof (“粗魯的，粗糙的”)，源自中古荷蘭語 grof (“粗糙的”)，源自古荷蘭語 *grof，其形成及相關詞不確定，但基本上能確定與薩特弗里斯蘭語 groaf (“粗糙的”)、西弗里斯蘭語 grof (“粗糙的”)、低地德語 groff (“粗糙的，粗魯的”)、德語 grob (“粗糙的，粗魯的”)、瑞典語 grov (“粗糙的，粗魯的”)同源。
可能起源自原始西日耳曼語 *gahrob，源自原始日耳曼語 *gahrubaz、*hrubaz，與原始日耳曼語 *hreubaz (“粗糙的，硬皮的，結痂的”)有關；或可能源自原始西日耳曼語 *grob，源自原始日耳曼語 *grubaz (“粗糙的”)。

gruffer (comparative)
gruffest (superlative)


gruff

gruffs (third-person singular present)
gruffing (present participle)
gruffed (past participle)

“Who gave you that?” replied my father angrily. “Did you bribe someone?” “No,” I told him. “It was a gift, from some people who really want me to be on this trip.” “Fine,” he gruffed.

2001, Benny Hinn, He Touched Me: An Autobiography


gloria

The glorias, canticles, and some translations of popular hymns are admirably sung; I do not know that I ever heard congregational singing more effective.

1855, The Colonial Church chronicle, and missionary journal


gangway

（剧场、飞机等的）座间通道

（上下船用的）跳板，步桥


gemmate

源自拉丁語 gemmatus，gemmare (“發芽”) 的過去分詞，源自 gemma (“芽”)。


gemmate

gemmates (third-person singular present)
gemmating (present participle)
gemmated (past participle)


Gaoxiong

源自官話 高雄 (Gāoxióng)的漢語拼音。


general-purpose

多種用途的，一般用途的；通用的，泛用的

It is a general-purpose type, with weight and clearances sufficiently restricted to enable it to have a considerably wider radius of action than the "V2" 2-6-2s and "K3" 2-6-0s, but at the same time, with the help of a working pressure of 225 lb. per sq. in., of considerable power.

1943 March and April，“L.N.E.R. New Mixed-Traffic 4-6-0 Locomotive”, in Railway Magazine，頁 104:

The omni-tool itself is a combination computer and general-purpose engineering device that fabricates tools and equipment as needed. It acts as a translator, computer, holographic recorder and player, full translation software, and can create lockpicks and any other equipment needed to use a character's skills. An omni-tool can be upgraded with a number of options.

2012 June，Stew Wilson，“Mass Effecting the Thousand Suns”, in RPG Review，期 16, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 50:


Guayaquil

瓜亞基爾（厄瓜多爾城市）


guayule

类似紫苑的墨西哥及德克萨斯产植物


generals

general 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


generated

generate 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


gardenia

/ɡɑːˈdiːnjə/


glowworm

繼承自中古英語 glouworm；等同於glow + worm。
對照德語 Glühwurm。

Some things afarre doe like the Glow-worme shine,

1604, William Alexander, The Alexandraean Tragedie, Act V, Scene 2, in The Monarchicke Tragedies, London: Ed. Blount, 1607,

Ye Glo-worms, whose officious Flame
To wandring Mowers shows the way,
That in the Night have lost their aim,
And after foolish Fires do stray;

1681，Andrew Marvell，“The Mower to the Glo-Worms”, in Miscellaneous Poems，London: Robert Boulter，頁 44:

Confiding Glow-worms, ’tis a night

1819, William Wordsworth, “The Waggoner” Canto 1, in The Miscellaneous Poems of William Wordsworth, London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme & Brown, 1820, p. 7,

Young girls lie bedded soft or glide in their dreams, with rings and trousseaux, bridesmaided by glowworms down the aisles of the organplaying wood.

1954，Dylan Thomas，Under Milk Wood，New York: New Directions，頁 1:


gardens

garden 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


gullah

美国东南部海岸及各岛的黑人


gullible

gull + -ible 或中古英語 gull (“新孵出的小鳥”，方言)，可能來自古諾爾斯語 gulr，來自其羽絨的色彩。

more gullible (comparative)
most gullible (superlative)

fleeceable

容易上當的，易受欺騙的，輕信的。

green

容易上當的，易受欺騙的，輕信的。

naif

容易上當的，易受欺騙的，輕信的。

naive

容易上當的，易受欺騙的，輕信的。

容易上當的，易受欺騙的，輕信的。

Andrew is so gullible, the way he still believes in Santa Claus, the Easter Bunny, the Tooth Fairy, and the Sandman at the age of fourteen.

安德魯真好騙，他都十四歲了，還在相信聖誕老公公、復活節兔子、牙仙子和睡魔。


gullible

容易上當的、易受欺騙的人，好騙的人。

They pictured to these gullibles the unearthly delights that were to be enjoyed as servants of the Spaniards. But such tricks could not last, for Cuba was too close to Saint Domingue, and news of the real conditions leaked across the windward passage and were bruited about.
#*:: 他們向這些好騙的人描繪了作為西班牙人的僕人會享受到的恐怖樂趣。但是這種伎倆不能持續，因為古巴離聖多明戈太近了，真實情況的消息穿過向風海峽洩露並四處散布。

1991 年，蓋安道，《Babouk: Voices of Resistance》(《巴布克：抵抗之聲》，第 70 頁)

Spurious accounts that snare the gullible are readily available. Skeptical treatments are much harder to find.

誘騙輕信者的虛假帳戶隨處可見。「懷疑病」的治療方法卻更難找到。

1995 年，卡爾 薩根，“最寶貴的東西”, in 魔鬼出沒的世界——科學，照亮黑暗的蠟燭，第第一版, 紐約: 兰登书屋, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 5:


gunfight

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-gunfight.wav


gunfight

gunfights (third-person singular present)
gunfighting (present participle)
gunfought (past participle)


gnomon

晷針, 日規，(日晷的) 指时针


gnosis

:< 古希腊语 γνῶσις。


goddam

借自法語 goddam (“英國人”)，來自英語 goddamn。

英國人，從法國人或法國歷史角度來看，起源自百年戰爭時期。

That is why the goddams will take Orleans. And you cannot stop them, nor ten thousand like you.

這就是為什麼英國佬能佔領奧爾良。而你沒法阻擋他們，哪怕有一萬個像你這樣的人也不行。

1991，Philip George Hill，Our Dramatic Heritage: Reactions to realism，頁 90:


goddam

goddamn的另一種拼寫法

“[…] This sand,” he said vaguely; then he said it again, viciously, “this sand. This goddam sand. Its like a goddam fuckin desert.”

“ […] 這粒沙子，”他含糊地說道；接著他又惡狠狠地說了一遍，“這粒沙子，這粒該死的沙子。就跟一片狗屁沙漠一樣。”

1951，James Jones，From Here to Eternity，New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons，頁 742:

‘No, Paul, not now and not in this goddam car!’

“不，保羅，不是現在，也不是在這該死的車裡頭！”

2021，Kazuo Ishiguro，Klara and the Sun，Faber & Faber Limited，頁 273:


godspeed

Godspeed 的（非）大写形。


howsoever

/ˌhaʊsoʊˈɛvəɹ/


harebrained

harebrain (alternative)
hare-brained (alternative)
more harebrained (comparative)
most harebrained (superlative)

荒謬的，愚蠢的，不切實際的

“Now why do I get the feeling we're not talking about the harebrained plan you came up with?” “It wasn't harebrained.” “Did it have you going within twenty feet of a whorehouse at night, unchaperoned?” He knew darn well it did.

2008，Sarah McCarty，Promises Reveal，Penguin, →ISBN:

Her getting a parcel from a hare-brained wench at the coaches in St. John Street; her booty made at the fire, and again at Harwich, all give us excelle

1722，Daniel Defoe，Moll Flanders [摩爾·弗蘭德斯], The Author's Preface:


Hargeisa

:Template:分類 哈爾格薩，索馬里城市


huffy

huffier (comparative)
huffiest (superlative)

生氣的、憤怒的、憤慨的、煩躁的

huffy bread


huh

最早的書面記錄始於約1600年。對照荷蘭語 hè (“哼”)。

hah (alternative)
hunh (alternative)
hiech (alternative)
hieh (alternative)

音頻 (美國加利福尼亞)

音頻 (南英格蘭、上升音調)

音頻 (南英格蘭、下降音調)

音頻 (南英格蘭、史詩般的功夫式音調)

Huh? Where did they go?

用於表示歡喜或微妙的驚訝：嗯，哼

Huh! I'm sure I locked it when I left.

啊！我很肯定，我離開的時候已經鎖好了。

Where were you last night? Huh?

用於貶低聲明/問題的發布者，或諷刺地表示完全同意，並表示被回應的聲明是極端輕描淡寫的。語調的變化是為了區分這兩種含義-- 貶低時暗示沉悶，完全同意時假裝驚訝。

(belittlement) A: "We should go to an amusement park, it would be fun." B: "Huh."

（貶低）A：“我們應該去主題樂園，那裡很好玩。”B：“哼！”

(agreement) A: "Murder is bad." B: "Huh!"

（同意）A：“謀殺是不好的。”B：“嗯！”

用來表示沒有聽到所說的內容。

Huh? Could you speak up?

用於創造一個附加問句。 嗎，呢，嘛

It's getting kind of late, huh?


Haifa

源自阿拉伯語 حَيْفَا (ḥayfā) ← 希伯來語 חיפה (kheifa)。

海法，以色列城市 :Template:分類


hairbrush

hair-brush (alternative)
hairbrushes (plural)


hairbrush

hair-brush (alternative)
hairbrushes (third-person singular present)
hairbrushing (present participle)
hairbrushed (past participle)

Bad feeding, adolescence—always a dangerous period for the male—and the brutality and bestiality in the dormitories made life a hell on earth. An apathy settled on me. I withered. I learned nothing; I did nothing. I was kicked, hounded, caned, flogged, hairbrushed, morning, noon, and night.

1938，C. R. W. Nevinson，Paint and Prejudice，New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company，頁s 11–12:

Do you know what it’s like, Brannan, to be flogged and hairbrushed, kicked and cursed every day of your school life? I’m treated worse than a dog and nobody gives a damn—least of all the masters.

2014，Dominic Luke，Nothing Undone Remained，London: Buried River Press，頁 147:


humbug

And looking back through my work, I see that it is invariably where I lacked a political purpose that I wrote lifeless books and was betrayed into purple passages, sentences without meaning, decorative adjectives and humbug generally.

(Can we date this quote?)，George Orwell，Why I Write:


humectant

拉丁語 ūmectāns，ūmectō (“弄濕”) 的現在分詞，源自 ūmectus (“濕潤的”)，源自 ūmeō (“濕潤”)。

[…] that you have induced a horrid phlegmatic condition with will soon require a liberal and generous humectant to keep the very membranes of your very entrails from desquamating, chipping off and blocking up all the pipes of your body.

1911，Hampton's Magazine，卷 27, 期 1，頁 462:

The humectant is preferably added at this stage, subsequent to centrifuging, because it increases the viscosity of the slurry. The centrifuged material with the combined humectant is then dried to remove all or most of the water.

1973，Ronald W. James，Desiccants and humectants，頁 285:

Sorbitol is an excellent humectant and is used to extend the shelf life of many baked goods and fillings.

2010，Peter Hull，Glucose Syrups: Technology and Applications，頁 114:


hasn't

助動詞 has 的否定形

有實際語意的動詞 has 的否定形

“Anthea hasn't a notion in her head but to vamp a lot of silly mugwumps. She's set her heart on that tennis bloke[…]whom the papers are making such a fuss about.”

1935，George Goodchild，章號 1, in Death on the Centre Court:


hump

humps (third-person singular present)
humping (present participle)
humped (past participle)


hunch

hunk的齒擦音變體，起源不確定。
或是派生自hump，經由早期中古英語*hunche、*humpchin，來自*hump + -chin, -chen (指小詞後綴)，等同於hump + -kin。“預感，猜測”義據說源自過去賭博時摸駝背能帶來好運的迷信。

The old man walked with a hunch.

I have a hunch they'll find a way to solve the problem.

我感覺他們會找到解決問題的方法。

a hunch of bread

"The greedy little bastards! They had a 'unch of bread each when I 'ad my dinner."

1926，Sir Arthur Conan Doyle，The Land of Mist:


hunch

hunches (third-person singular present)
hunching (present participle)
hunched (past participle)

slouch

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

stoop

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

lean

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

elbow

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

nudge

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

Don't hunch over your computer if you want to avoid neck problems.

如果你不想得頸部問題，就不要在電腦前駝背。

Sandy, you will never get anywhere by hunching over your putter, hold your shoulders back and bend from the waist.

1961, Muriel Spark, The Prime of Miss Jean Brodie, New York: HarperPerenniel, 1994, Chapter 5, p. 156,

She rolled over and hunched into a fetal position.

1978, Armistead Maupin, Tales of the City, New York: Ballantine Books, “… and many happy returns,” p. 76,

抬起（肩膀）；向前彎曲（身體）

They stood outside the door hunching themselves against the rain and puffing on their cigarettes.

他們在門外一邊站著，弓著背躲雨，一邊抽著煙。

He hunched up his shoulders and stared down at the ground.

他抬起肩膀，往地下盯著。

Danc[ing] Mast[er]. […] not too fast […] keep you[r] leg[s] straight, […] don’t hunch up your shoulders so;

1672, Edward Ravenscroft, The Citizen Turn’d Gentleman, London: Thomas Dring, Act I, Scene 1, p. 4,

If you hunch your shoulders too long against a storm your shoulders will grow bowed....

1924, Ford Madox Ford, Some Do Not ..., New York: Grosset & Dunlap, Part 2, Chapter 2,

He would hunch his twisted body close and put out his gentle and crooked hand and touch the fawn.

1938, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, New York: Scribner, Chapter 17,

They sat looking out at the dark, at the square of light the kitchen lantern threw on the ground outside the door, with a hunched shadow of Grampa in the middle of it.

1939, John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath, New York: Viking, 1958, Chapter 10, p. 142,

[…] the figure hunched up the road.

1955, J. P. Donleavy, The Ginger Man, New York: Dell, Chapter 2, p. 9,

[…] once we had hunched in out of the sun and slunk through a cold pork-and-beans-on-bread lunch […] my brother and I found a desert creek nearby and heaved rocks at each other to cool off.

1969, Ray Bradbury, “The Inspired Chicken Motel” in I Sing the Body Electric, New York: Knopf, p. 57,

[…] wheezing and grunting he hunched across the room.

1983, Jack Vance, Suldrun’s Garden, Spatterlight Press, 2012, Chapter 18,

隆起，使突出；彎曲（背等）。

[…] thou art all one errour; soul and body.

1679, John Dryden and Nathaniel Lee, Oedipus, London: R. Bentley and M. Magnes, Act I, p. 6,

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

After this, we saw a great Troop of Women upon the High-way to Hell, with their Bags; and their fellows, at their Heels, ever, and anon, hunching, and Justling one Another.

1667, Roger L’Estrange (translator), The Visions of Dom Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, London: H. Herringman, “The Sixth Vision of Hell,” pp. 182-183,

Hickman, a great over-grown, lank-hair’d, chubby boy, who would be hunch’d and punch’d by every-body; and go home, with his finger in his eye, and tell his mother.

1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, London: for the author, Volume 2, Letter 1, p. 8,

He let his eyes scan the faces of all the white teachers, male and female, but would end up with a stare at the colored man sitting there. Finally, he hunched his seat-mate with his elbow and asked what man that was.

1899, Sutton E. Griggs, Imperium in Imperio, Chapter 6,

She hunched me and winked.

1974, Maya Angelou, Gather Together in My Name, New York: Bantam, 1975, Chapter 12, p. 40,

[…] Crunch burst through, pretending to be in Croke Park or somewhere, hunching me away with his shoulder and holding the ghost of other players at bay as he picked up the football.

1986, Billy Roche, Tumbling Down, Dublin: Wolfhound Press, 1994, Chapter 6, pp. 102-103,

People who are instinctive hunchers go through some such process at every decision-making point of their lives. It is likely that children often make decisions and discern truths by hunching.


halide

Potassium iodide is a halide.


hexavalent

六價的（包含6種病毒株的）


hallelujah

來自希伯來語 הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh，“讚美耶和華”)。

halleluia (alternative)
halleluiah (alternative)
halleluja (alternative)
alleluia (alternative)

哈利路亞，在讚美或感謝上帝的歌曲中使用的感嘆詞。

And after these things I heard a great voyce of much people in heauen, saying, Alleluia: saluation, and glorie, and honour, and power vnto the Lord our God:

此後，我聽見好像群眾在天上大聲說：「哈利路亞！救恩、榮耀、權能都屬乎我們的神！

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Revelation 19:1:

Hallelujah! It’s finally the weekend!

哈利路亞（感謝）！終於到了周末！


hallelujah

來自希伯來語 הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh，“讚美耶和華”)。

halleluia (alternative)
halleluiah (alternative)
halleluja (alternative)
alleluia (alternative)
hallelujahs (plural)

一聲「哈利路亞」的喊聲。

So ſung they, and the Empyrean rung, / With Halleluiahs: Thus was Sabbath kept.

他们就像这样歌唱，哈利路亚的赞歌响彻苍天：正是因为如此，安息日流传下来。

1667，John Milton，“Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，行s 633–634:

讚美上帝的歌；以「哈利路亞」為基礎的音樂作品。

Who so stolid and selfish, that would not give his voice to swell the hallelujahs of a nation’s jubilee, when the chains of servitude had been torn from his limbs?

1855，Frederick Douglass，My Bondage and My Freedom，New York: Miller, Orton and Mulligan，頁 441:


hallelujah

來自希伯來語 הַלְלוּיָהּ (hal'luyáh，“讚美耶和華”)。

halleluia (alternative)
halleluiah (alternative)
halleluja (alternative)
alleluia (alternative)
hallelujahs (third-person singular present)
hallelujahing (present participle)
hallelujahed (past participle)

My aunt Gastonia […] she'd seen the Lord more times than they could ever count, and hallelujahed and hallelujahed, said, “While's all this the Gospel word and true, […]

我的姨妈加斯塔尼娅 […] 她也无数次看到过上帝大人，次数多得数也数不清了，她边说还边“啊，啊”地赞美上帝，她说：“这些福音都千真万确的， […]


hi

美國英語。首次出現在堪薩斯州印第安人的對話中（1862年）；最初是為了引起注意，可能是中古英語 hey、hy（大約1475年）的變體。也是引起注意的感嘆詞。參見hey。

Hi, how are you?

I just dropped by to say “hi”.

Anna: Pete, hi! Hi, we are here! — Pete: Hi, Anna! Hi, Marsha! — Anna: Hi! — Pete: How are you two? — Marsha: I am great!
#*::
 音頻 (美國)： (檔案)

2016, VOA Learning English (public domain)

I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

1913，Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln，章號 VII, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients，New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC，頁 1:

'Come back now!' shouted Sam. 'Hi! Come back!' But Gollum had vanished.

‘馬上給我回來！’薩姆喊道。‘喂！回來！’但咕嚕的身影已經看不見了。


hi

I didn't even get a hi.

我連招呼都不跟他打一個。


hi

high的另一種拼寫法，通常用連字符。

Get hi-quality videos here!


hawks

hawk 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


hickey

叫不出名字的物體 （自1909年）

因雜質附著而導致的印刷缺陷，表現為印刷處墨水被一圈無墨痕跡所圍繞，或有墨區域中間有一塊空白

Years ago, there were internal company standards for dark center (ink color) hickeys and for white voids in solids/type.

2008, American Printer (volume 125, page 63)

It is generally believed, by those who study such things, that serif typefaces are easier to read when reading a lot of words. The hickeys (serifs) on each letter tend to push our eye toward the next letter.

2018, Paul W. Ross, Revival: The Handbook of Software for Engineers and Scientists

（多指皮膚）組織腫脹，一般是受傷導致 （自1915年）

意想不到的損失，一般搭配作“taking a ...”或“took a ... ”

Farmer Jones took a hickey on his soybean crop when the flood washed the seeds away.

洪水把農民瓊斯的種子沖走，使他蒙受損失。


halogen

古希臘文ἅλς（鹽）加上-gen（製造者）後輟，意為與金屬鍵合來產生鹽的物質。

鹵素，即氟、氯、溴、碘、砈和Uus六種化學元素的統稱。


halogenate

halogenates (third-person singular present)
halogenating (present participle)
halogenated (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-halogenate.wav


halogenation

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-halogenation.wav


hawser

繼承自中古英語 hauser、haucer，來自盎格魯-諾曼語 haucer，來自通俗拉丁語 *altiāre (“增加”)，衍生自拉丁語 altus (“高”)。因在英語中將hawse和可能haul的錯誤關聯，而修改。對照法語 aussière、haussière。


haybox

以干草填箱保暖的一种炊具


hidebound

more hidebound (comparative)
most hidebound (superlative)


headlamp

(矿工) 头上戴的小型电灯


headless

繼承自中古英語 heedles、hevedles，來自古英語 hēafodlēas (“無頭”)，等同head + -less。與荷蘭語 hoofdloos (“無頭”)、丹麥語 hovedløs (“無頭”)、瑞典語 huvudlös (“無頭”)、冰島語 höfuðlaus (“無頭”)等同源。

unheaded

站點的前端與其後面的平台完全分離的

How did the headless horseman see to chase Ichabod?

無頭騎士如何追趕伊卡博德？

無頭的 天生沒有或不需要頭的

headless invertebrates

站點的前端與其後面的平台完全分離的

a headless nail;   a headless set screw

同類詞：rudderless

The headless army blundered along after the death of their general, accomplishing nothing.

將軍死後，這支群龍無首的軍隊步履蹣跚、一事無成。

在沒有圖形使用者介面的情況下執行；在沒有任何附加輸出裝置（例如：顯示器）或輸入裝置（例如：鍵盤、滑鼠）的情況下執行

/redirect. Used for console redirection in headless servers.

2003，William Boswell，Inside Windows Server 2003，Addison-Wesley, →ISBN，頁 62:

Routers typically run headless, without a keyboard or monitor.

2007，Carla Schroder，Linux Networking Cookbook，O’Reilly Media, 出版於 2008, →ISBN，頁 47:

This is not unexpected for a Windows system running as a virtual machine or a headless server[…]

2010，Charles Bell et al.，MySQL High Availability: Tools for Building Robust Data Centers，O'Reilly Media, →ISBN，頁 278:

If any one will rashly blame such his choice of old and unwonted words, him may I more justly blame and condemn, either of witless headiness in judging, or of headless hardiness in condemning.

1579, E. K. (Edward Kirke?), Notes on Spenser’s The Shepheardes Calender

A headless shell doesn't have a flange.

“無頭”彈殼即沒有邊緣的彈殼。


high-rise

highrise (alternative)
high-rises (plural)


high-rise

high-rise jeans


headnote

判例集里对一案判决的摘要说明


handicraft

靠工藝品維生的人；製造工藝品的人

his men were all baſe handie craftes, as coblers, and curriers, and tinkers, whereof ſome had barres of yron[…]

1596，Thomas Nashe，The Unfortunate Traueller: or, The Life of Jacke Wilton:

The M[e]chanicks, and handy-crafts were Induſtrious, Thrifty, and the main ſupporters of the Trade of France.

1691，Sam Norris，The English Spy; Or, the Intrigues, Pollicies, and Stratagems of the French King with His Secret Contrivances, for Undermining the Princes of Christendom, Discovered:

"Why, thou knowest, father," he said, smiling, "that we handicrafts best love the folks we live by;[…]

1828 (reprinted 1842)，Sir Walter Scott，The Fair Maid of Perth，Schlesinger:


handle

handles (third-person singular present)
handling (present participle)
handled (past participle)


hencoop

同類詞：henyard

近義詞：henhouse、chicken coop、chickenhouse、poultryhouse


henhouse

同類詞：cowhouse、doghouse、hoghouse


henotheism

/ˈhɛnəʊˌθiːɪz(ə)m/

同類詞：monolatrism、monotheism、polytheism


hippie

源自1953年，為通常帶貶義的 hipster 的變體。參見嬉皮的詞源。

beatnik

模仿披頭族（「垮掉的一代」）的青少年

treehugger

嬉皮，嬉皮士；選擇不遵守現行社會規範的人：尤其是認同接受或自我實踐娛樂性吸毒、自由或激進性觀念、提倡集體生活、強烈的和平主義或反戰情緒等價值觀或行為的人

模仿披頭族（「垮掉的一代」）的青少年

1960年代俚語；仍廣泛用於指代那個時代

外表凌亂或邋遢、頭髮異常長的人（通常指男性）


hippie

源自1953年，為通常帶貶義的 hipster 的變體。參見嬉皮的詞源。

hippier (comparative)
hippiest (superlative)

That dress looks very hippie.

The drug-taking he's writing about is less hippie than punk: it's about speed and smack and pills as much as hallucinogens and weed, about compulsion as well as escape.

他所寫的毒品使用，其實比嬉皮更偏向龐克：它不僅是關於致幻劑和大麻，還包括興奮劑、海洛因和藥丸，既是強迫症，也是一種逃避。

2011，Mike Marqusee，Wicked Messenger: Bob Dylan and the 1960s, →ISBN:

You have to understand I worked in a very hippie nightclub for years, and the majority of the staff did not even like the Grateful Dead.

你得理解，我在一家非常嬉皮的夜總會工作了好多年，而大多數員工甚至不喜歡《感恩的死者》樂隊。

2012，Christopher Lento，The Bartender Diaries...A Life Fantastic!, →ISBN，頁 126:

And then I discovered LSD, you can't get much more hippie than that.

然後我發現了LSD，沒有比這更嬉皮的了。

2013，Ian Young，It's Not about Me!: Confessions of a Recovered Outlaw Addict, →ISBN:

They used a bunch of hippie compression formats instead of the usual RAR and ZIP.

他們使用了一些不符合普遍標準的壓縮格式，而不是常見的RAR和ZIP。


handsome

繼承自中古英語 handsum、hondsom，等同於hand + -some。對照荷蘭語 handzaam、德國低地德語 handsaam。原意是指「容易處理和使用」，因此便出現了「合適的」和「靈巧的，聰明的」等含義（16世紀中期），並產生了表示欣賞的現代化含義（16世紀晚期）。

more handsome (comparative)
handsomer (comparative)
most handsome (superlative)
handsomest (superlative)

外表英俊、帥氣、有吸引力，好看

On the opposite side of the street, on the corner, is the city hall, a very handsome building of brick and stone.

1916，On H.R. 4683, site for post-office building at Chicago, Ill，頁 117:

The mother, Ekaterina Pavlovna, who at one time had been handsome, but now, asthmatic, depressed, vague, and over-feeble for her years, tried to entertain me with conversation about painting. Having heard from her daughter that I might come to Shelkovka, she had hurriedly recalled two or three of my landscapes which she had seen in exhibitions in Moscow, and now asked what I meant to express by them.

1917，Anton Chekhov，譯者 Constance Garnett, The Darling and Other Stories，Project Gutenberg, →ISBN，頁 71:

Often, human mortals describe their visits to the Tuatha's [places] in similar terms: they were great bright places, occupied by exceedingly handsome men and women, that sported wonderful crystal chairs, inexhaustible supplies of mead or ale ...

2006，Richard Leviton，The Gods in Their Cities，iUniverse, →ISBN，頁 44:

That is one handsome tree you've got there.


hippocras

用葡萄酒及香料调制的甜酒


Hangchow

杭州 (Hángzhōu)的郵政式拼音。


Hankow

漢口／汉口 (Hànkǒu)的郵政式拼音。


heavier

heavy 的比較級形式。


heaviest

heavy的最高級形式。


hansom

一马二轮之有盖双座小马车


heptagon

16世紀以後，來自古希臘語 ἑπτάγωνον (heptágōnon)，來自ἑπτά (heptá，“七”) + γωνία (gōnía，“角”)。相等於hepta- + -gon。


hectare

借自法語 hectare，源自古希臘語 ἑκατόν (hekatón，“百”) + are。

With careful planning almost anyone can turn the dream of owning a small farm or a few hectares of country land into a reality.

透過精心規劃，幾乎任何人都可以將擁有小農場或幾公頃鄉村土地的夢想變成現實。

1997，“Buying a Rural Property”, in Back to Basics，Surry Hills, NSW: Reader's Digest (Australia) Pty Limited，頁 10:

Last year 1m square metres of plant-covered roofing was built in France, as much as in the US, and 10 times more than in Germany, the pioneer in this field. In Paris 22 hectares of roof have been planted, out of a potential total of 80 hectares.

去年，法國建造了100萬平方公尺的植物覆蓋屋頂，與美國一樣多，是該領域先驅德國的10倍。巴黎屋頂的潛在種植面積為80公頃，其中22公頃已種植。

2013年May10日，Audrey Garric，“Urban canopies let nature bloom”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 22，頁 30:


happier

happy 的比較級形式。

This world-wide travel organisation recently attained its centenary, and under happier conditions than those prevailing at the present time the event would doubtless have been celebrated worthily.

这一世界性旅游组织最近迎来了它的百年华诞，如果能处在比现在更好的条件，这一盛事无疑会得到隆重的庆祝。

1941 November，“Notes and News: The Centenary of Cook's”, in Railway Magazine，頁 513:


happiest

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-happiest.wav

happy的最高級形式。


histrionic

more histrionic (comparative)
most histrionic (superlative)


Harbin

源自滿語 ᡥᠠᡵᠪᡳᠨ (harbin，字面意思是“乾燥的漁網”)。

:Template:分類 中國黑龍江省省會城市。


harbinger

/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/

/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/

harbinger of danger; harbinger of doom; harbinger of spring

When the darkest days come, they are the harbinger of a new dawn.


harbinger

harbingers (third-person singular present)
harbingering (present participle)
harbingered (past participle)

/ˈhɑːbɪndʒə/

/ˈhɑɹbɪnd͡ʒəɹ/


hedgehog

hedgehogs (third-person singular present)
hedgehogging (present participle)
hedgehogged (past participle)


hither

源自古英語 hider，源自原始日耳曼語 *hidrê。和拉丁語 citer 同源。

比較代詞性副詞 hereto ，其遵循「介詞 + what」或「介詞 + which」的模式。

He went hither and thither.

Unto her handmaid she cried,
"Go fetch my gold harp hither to me,
Sir Thynnè, I'll draw to my side."

1828，Thomas Keightley，The Fairy Mythology，卷 I, London: William Harrison Ainsworth，頁 164:

But the road left the river again; there were certainly twistings and turnings, as the old woman had said, for at one moment it wound hither and the next thither, and at some places it was almost imperceptible.

1886，Peter Christen Asbjørnsen，譯者 H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales，頁 280:

"How now, you scullions and cullions: bring hither a pair of cow's hooves to out face this contumelious caitiff."

1936，Norman Lindsay，The Flyaway Highway，Sydney: Angus and Robertson，頁 44:


hither

The essential Not-self could be perceived very clearly in things and in living creatures on the hither side of good and evil.

在善與惡這一邊的事物和生物中，可以非常清楚地感受到本質的非自我。

1954，Aldous Huxley，The Doors of Perception，Chatto & Windus，頁 30:


herbarium

派生自拉丁語 herbārium。arbor 的同源對似詞。


hoarder

來自中古英語 horder、hordere (“保管商品的人”)，來自古英語 hordere (“司庫，管家，内侍”)，等同於hoard + -er。


hereafter

/hɪəˈɹɑːftə/


Heilungkiang

黑龍江／黑龙江 (Hēilóngjiāng)的郵政式拼音。


heretic

human rights heretic


hardly

hardlier (comparative)
more hardly (comparative)
hardliest (superlative)
most hardly (superlative)


hogging

hog 的現在時分詞和動名詞


hermes

司学艺.商业.辩论等之神


Hokkaido

源自日语 北海道(Hokkaidō ほっかいどう, “北海的道”)，中古汉语 北海 (pok-hój "北边的海") + 道 (dáu , 中国明代使用的省级行政区)。

北海道岛（日本第二大岛）。

北海道，日本的行政区之一，首府札幌。


heroically

more heroically (comparative)
most heroically (superlative)


holidays

假期，假日（尤指外出度假）

Where are you going for your holidays this year?

We're on our holidays.

聖誕節、光明節和新年的前後一段時期

Where will you be spending the holidays?

歲末年初，你打算在哪裡度過？


holidays

holiday 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


helionics

将太阳能转变为电能的意思


helix

來自拉丁語 helix，來自古希臘語 ἕλιξ (hélix，“盤繞或螺旋的東西”)。

科林斯柱式上的小型螺旋裝飾。

helix piercing

花式皮划艇競技中，在半空中翻轉360°的動作。


helix

helixes (third-person singular present)
helixing (present participle)
helixed (past participle)

A large positive inclination gives a chip which will helix out of the space between the face mill and the workpiece.

1953，Division of Metrology Technical Paper - Issues 1-7，頁 25:

When the shaft is unsupported, the large torque tends to helix the inner core, and if the casing is not stiff enough, it will helix the casing also.

1967，Aviation Week & Space Technology - Volume 87，頁 295:

The decrease in d enhances the probability that remaining SDLs will helix, leading to an outward traveling wave of helixing and a jump in 5d.

1997，Physical Review: Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics:

Conceptually, this field will helix up from the genital tip, here modelled as the caudal singularity of the left and right domains of the H-CFs.

2010，Phillip Beach，Muscles and Meridians E-Book: The Manipulation of Shape, →ISBN，頁 95:


holomorphic

The iteration of holomorphic maps of one variable is one of the most lively fields of current mathematical research. Since its beginning in the twenties of this century, the theory of holomorphic endomorphisms of the Riemann sphere (= rational functions) has become well developed.

1998, Stefan-M. Heinemann, Julia Sets in Cⁿ, Hartje Kriete, Progress in Holomorphic Dynamics, Addison Wesley Longman, page 159,

A holomorphic 1-form on X is closed, and so
#*:: 0=dη₁=df and η₂.

1998, Robert Friedman, Algebraic Surfaces and Holomorphic Vector Bundles, Springer, page 303,

The theory of holomorphic dynamical systems is a subject of increasing interest in mathematics, both for its challenging problems and for its connections with other branches of pure and applied mathematics. A holomorphic dynamical system is the datum of a complex variety and a holomorphic object (such as a self-map or a vector field) acting on it.

2010, Graziano Gentili, Jacques Guenot, Giorgio Patrizio, Holomorphic Dynamical Systems: Lectures given at the C.I.M.E. Summer School, Springer, page v,


helophyte

古希臘語 ἕλος (hélos，“沼澤”) + -phyte (“植物”)。


Helvetia

赫爾維蒂人（中歐凱爾特人古國）


homeopathy

homoeopathy (alternative)
homœopathy (alternative)
homeopathies (plural)

/ˌhəʊmɪˈɒpəθi/

/ˌhɒmɪˈɒpəθi/

I am sure that if doctors (for instance) were first taught how to use some of the other methods of homeopathy effectively, particularly the therapeutics and organ-based methods, they would be much more able to incorporate these into their practices […]

2004, Ian Watson, A Guide to the Methodologies of Homeopathy, Cutting Edge Publications (ISBN 9780951765760), page 20:


heterophobia

Taguieff writes synonimically:Template:SIC of racism and heterophobia (resentment of the different). […] Heterophobia seems to be a focused manifestation of a still wider phenomenon of anxiety aroused by the feeling that one has no control over the situation, […]

2013，Zygmunt Bauman，Modernity and the Holocaust, →ISBN，頁 116:

恐異症，異性戀恐懼症，異性恐懼症

[…] a panel of teenagers of LGBT parents […] voiced concern about what they called "heterophobia"—they wished their parents weren't so negative and distrusting of straight people. Even suggesting that heterophobia exists for these children understandably evokes angry and skeptical responses because homo-hostile people have used the same word to support a bogus claim that gay rights discrimination against heterosexuals.

2004/2005, Abigail Garner, Families Like Mine: Children of Gay Parents Tell It Like It Is, pages 213–214:

Some gay and lesbian counselors may need to reflect on another bias referred to as heterophobia, which is fear or dislike of heterosexuals […]

2011, Mark S. Kiselica, Matt Englar-Carlson, Arthur M. Horne, Counseling Troubled Boys: A Guidebook for Professionals (page 253)


homesick

more homesick (comparative)
most homesick (superlative)

nostalgic

(常與 for 搭配使用) 思鄉的

(常與 for 搭配使用) 思鄉的


homily

音頻（加拿大，機器合成）


hexadecimal

源自1952年，由 hexadeca- + decimal 組成；更多訊息請見英語維基百科條目。

以十六進位／十六進制表達的數


hexadecimal

以十六進位／十六進制表達的


homophone

/ˈhɒməfəʊ̯n/


homozygote

來自homo- + zygote。由英國的生物學家威廉·貝特森和由Edith Rebecca Saunders在1902年造出，用於論文《The facts of heredity in the light of Mendel’s discovery》的題名。

/ˌhəʊməʊˈzaɪɡəʊt/


Homs

源自北黎凡特阿拉伯語 حمص (ḥumṣ)。

霍姆斯，敘利亞城市 :Template:分類


hone

hones (third-person singular present)
honing (present participle)
honed (past participle)


honest

honester (comparative)
more honest (comparative)
honestest (superlative)
most honest (superlative)


honorarium

/ˈɒ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/

/ˌɑ.nəˈɹɛɹ.i.əm/

Dizi offer honorariums to their master, Hong, in appreciation for the mental, spiritual, and physical growth that they experience after becoming members of Tai Ji Men. There is no tuition or other fees for joining Tai Ji Men or practicing Qigong at one of the many Tai Ji Men locations established in Taiwan.

2020，Kenneth A. Jacobsen，“Abrogating the Rule of Law: The Tai Ji Men Tax Case in Taiwan”, in The Journal of CENSUR，卷 4, 期 5, →DOI, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 106:


honorific

more honorific (comparative)
most honorific (superlative)

/ˌɒnəˈɹɪfɪk/

/ˌɑːnəˈɹɪfɪk/


honorific

/ˌɒnəˈɹɪfɪk/

/ˌɑːnəˈɹɪfɪk/


honoured

more honoured (comparative)
most honoured (superlative)


horny

hornier (comparative)
horniest (superlative)

具角的；角質的，角質物製的

（男子）性興奮的，慾火中燒的


horoscope

借自中古法語 horoscope，來自中世紀拉丁語 horoscopus，來自古希臘語 ὡροσκόπος (hōroskópos)，來自ὥρα (hṓra) + σκοπός (skopós)。


horsemeat

horse meat (alternative)
horsemeats (plural)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-horsemeat.wav

In January 2013, supermarkets were hit by an extraordinary scandal as it emerged that foods made of processed 'beef' actually contained horsemeat.

2015, Ian Marcouse, Andrew Hammond, Nigel Watson, Edexcel Business A Level Year 1: Including AS


hot

hotter (comparative)
hottest (superlative)


hot

hots (third-person singular present)
hotting (present participle)
hotted (past participle)


cephalotaxaceae

:出自新拉丁文“Cephalotaxaceae”一词。按本意可拆分为 cephalo- (希腊文, "头") +taxus (拉丁文, "紫杉") + -aceae。


invertible

可逆的，用于矩阵或者函数


investigation

/ɪnˌvɛstəˈɡeɪʃən/


investigator

紀錄於16世紀中期；源自拉丁語 investigator，源自 investigare，等價於 investigate + -or。


invidious

more invidious (comparative)
most invidious (superlative)


iber

一种盐化亚铅处理过的纤维板


Ibsen

借自丹麥語和挪威語 Ibsen。


ionium

釷-²³⁰₉₀Th的同位素。


ionizing

more ionizing (comparative)
most ionizing (superlative)


ionizing

ionize 的現在時分詞和動名詞


irk

繼承自中古英語 irken (“使...劳累”)，源自古諾爾斯語 yrkja (“工作”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *wurkijaną (“工作”)，源自原始印歐語 *werǵ- (“劳”)。同源词有冰島語 yrkja (“撰写”)、瑞典語 yrka (“催促，争辩”)、古英語 wyrċan (“工作”)。详见work。

irks (third-person singular present)
irking (present participle)
irked (past participle)

It irks me doing all this work and have someone wreck it.

做了那么多东西最后被人给毁了，让我非常气恼。


irksome

more irksome (comparative)
most irksome (superlative)


irrecognizable

more irrecognizable (comparative)
most irrecognizable (superlative)

/ɪˈɹɛkəɡnaɪzəbəl/

/ɪɹɪˈkɒɡnɪzəbəl/

(古舊，罕用) 難以辨認的

The immortal gods are there (quite irrecognizable under these disguises), and also the lowest broken valets.

1850，Thomas Carlyle，“The Stump Orator”, in Latter Day Pamphlets:

[T]here remains no trace of their having ever existed—outside of course of the family names which are now preserved, though some of them in an almost irrecognizable form.

1902年March15日，“Judge Endlich on Early Life in Berks”, in Reading Eagle，USA, retrieved 2010-08-26，頁 11:

The loamy ground on which I lay, the scattered fragments of the cairn beside me, and the rocks and junipers, were irrecognizable as if they had belonged to some other planet than ours.

c. 1933，Clark Ashton Smith，“The Light from Beyond”, in The White Sybil and Other Stories，第2005版，頁 142:


irremediable

more irremediable (comparative)
most irremediable (superlative)


irreparable

源自中古法語 irréparable < 古法語 < 拉丁語 irreparabilis，等價於ir- + reparable。

more irreparable (comparative)
most irreparable (superlative)

/ɪˈɹɛp(ə)ɹəbəl/

不能修復的；不能挽回的，無法彌補的

It was impoſſible that the queen of France [Marie Antoinette] ſhould not be deeply affected by a conteſt, which ſo cloſely involved her neareſt and deareſt connections, and threatened ſo immediate and perhaps irreparable a breach of the harmony and friendſhip ſubſiſting between them.

法國王后［瑪麗·安托瓦內特］不可能不深受這場爭端影響——此事不僅牽涉她至親至愛之人，更可能立即造成彼此現存和諧情誼無可彌補的裂痕。

1787，“The History of Europe”, in The Annual Register, or A View of the History, Politics, and Literature, for the Years 1784 and 1785，卷 XXVII, London: Printed by J[ames] Dodsley, in Pall-Mall, →OCLC, chapter VIII，頁 134，列 1:


irresolvable

more irresolvable (comparative)
most irresolvable (superlative)


Isfahan

最終派生自古典波斯語 اِصْفَهَان (isfahān)，源自古波斯語 *spādānah (“軍隊的”) 或 *spādānām (“軍隊的”)，源自 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (spādaʰ，“軍隊”)，源自原始伊朗語 *cwáHdaH (“軍隊”)。

伊斯法罕（伊朗第三大城市，1598年–1736年間的首都）

伊斯法罕省，伊朗三十一個省份之一


ism

源自後綴-ism (“信仰”)，特別用於「社會運動」的含意上（19世紀）。對照phobia源自-phobia，sophy源自-sophy，itis源自-itis，以及ana源自-ana。

[…] his religion, his worship was like his daily bread to him; — which he did not take the trouble to talk much about; which he merely ate at stated intervals, and lived and did his work upon! This is Abbot Samson’s Catholicism of the Twelfth Century; — something like the Ism of all true men in all true centuries, I fancy! Alas, compared with any of the Isms current in these poor days, what a thing!

1843，Thomas Carlyle，章號 XV, in Past and Present，book 2:

An ism does not have to possess the fearful implements of state power to cut off a a deviant or heretical member.

1965，Bertram David Wolfe，Marxism, One Hundred Years in the Life of a Doctrine，頁 357:

In his exposition, he has failed to achieve the identification of situation, theory, and policy necessary to create an ism.

1969，Walter E. Minchinton，Mercantilism; System Or Expediency?，頁 xi:

Isms in my opinion are not good. A person should not believe in an ism – he should believe in himself.

1986，John Hughes，Ferris Bueller's Day Off，spoken by Ferris Bueller (Matthew Broderick):

It is important to distinguish between an ism and a mere generalization about group differences. Generalizations that have statistical validity are not isms. An ism assumes that the generalization applies to an individual.

1994，Kenneth Kaye，Workplace Wars and How to End Them，頁 70:

歧視的一種形式，例如種族主義或性別歧視等


isoelectronic

【化學】【形】電子數量相同的。


istle

墨西哥产的各种热带植物纤维


incomparable

more incomparable (comparative)
most incomparable (superlative)


inexorable

more inexorable (comparative)
most inexorable (superlative)

/ɪnˈɛksɔɹəbəl/


inexpugnable

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 inexpugnābilis。形態上可以分析為in- + expugn + -able。

more inexpugnable (comparative)
most inexpugnable (superlative)

不能攻佔的；不能駁倒的；堅不可摧的

My one hope of the world, my inexpugnable consolation in looking at the miseries of the world, is that this is altering.

1840，Thomas Carlyle，Heroes and Hero Worship:

It crept into one's mind, a distress as vague and inexpugnable as a sea fog on a spring morning, and presently one shivered and wanted to go indoors...

1911，H. G. Wells，The Country of the Blind, And Other Stories:

This seemed to be an inexpugnable refuge, where we could live untroubled and learn to know each other."


ichthyography

關於魚類的科學理論跟學說；魚類誌


ichthyologist

魚類學家、魚類學專家。[自18世纪]


ichthyology

/ˌɪkθiˈɒlədʒi/


instanter

非同化借詞，源自中世紀拉丁語 īnstanter。


incontestably

more incontestably (comparative)
most incontestably (superlative)


impatiently

more impatiently (comparative)
most impatiently (superlative)


infeed

infeeds (third-person singular present)
infeeding (present participle)
infed (past participle)


instructive

more instructive (comparative)
most instructive (superlative)

didactic

教育性的；有益的；啟發性的

educative

教育性的；有益的；啟發性的

informative

教育性的；有益的；啟發性的

informatory

教育性的；有益的；啟發性的

教育性的；有益的；啟發性的

Well, that was an instructive lesson.

嗯，這是一個有啟發性的教訓。

Some commentators have suggested that the activity represented by WallStreetBets and Trumpism are part of the same populist, anti-elite phenomenon, but if Trumpism in general is instructive at all here, it’s as a reminder that self-described anti-elite movements can, in fact, turn out to be much more complicated than that.

一些評論家認為，WallStreetBets所代表的活動和特朗普主義是同一民粹主義、反精英現象的一部分，但如果特朗普主義一般來說在這裡有指導意義的話，那就是提醒人們，自稱的反精英運動事實上可能比這複雜得多。

2021年January29日，John Herrman，“Everything’s a Joke Until It’s Not”, in The New York Times:


instructive

手段格，一種存在於芬蘭語支的語法格


infer

infers (third-person singular present)
inferring (present participle)
inferred (past participle)


inferno

借自意大利語 inferno (“地獄”)，來自拉丁語 infernus (“下層地區”)、inferna (“下層地區”)；參見infernal。
“大火”的意思來自hellfire的傳統概念。

At each sudden explosion in the inferno below they sprang back from the brink [of the volcanic crater].

1899，D. C. Worcester，The Philippine Islands and Their People:

Blast after blast, fiery outbreak after fiery outbreak, like a flaming barrage from within,[…]most of Edison's grounds soon became an inferno. As though on an incendiary rampage, the fires systematically devoured the contents of Edison's headquarters and facilities.

2006，Edwin Black，章號 1, in Internal Combustion:

Unfortunately for Admiral Kurita, this is where the good news ends. The fire started by New Jerseys hit amidships has spread, and there is now a towering inferno' that occupies the middle third of the Japanese battleship.

2021年May5日，Drachinifel，片头起34:59, in Battle of Samar - What if TF34 was there?，存檔自the original on 2022-08-08:


impend

impends (third-person singular present)
impending (present participle)
impended (past participle)


infinitesimally

more infinitesimally (comparative)
most infinitesimally (superlative)


insuppressible

more insuppressible (comparative)
most insuppressible (superlative)


idiomatically

more idiomatically (comparative)
most idiomatically (superlative)


integration

/ɪntəˈɡɹeɪʃən/


intemperate

more intemperate (comparative)
most intemperate (superlative)


indent

美国政府在革命结束时为公共债务的本金或利息发行的证书或预期证书。


indent

v.t.使……成为锯齿状


ignitor

igniter的另一種拼寫法


ignominious

源自法語或古法語 ignominieux，源自拉丁語 ignōminiōsus (“可耻的”)，源自ignōminia (“名誉扫地”)，源自ig- (“不”) + nomen (“名誉”)（前缀为in-的同化形式）。 就词形分析为ignominy + -ious。

more ignominious (comparative)
most ignominious (superlative)

The time when the pseudovirtuous men and women die a painful and ignominious death has yet to come.

The golden eagle, which glittered in the front of the legion, was the object of their fondest devotion; nor was it esteemed less impious than it was ignominious, to abandon that sacred ensign in the hour of danger.

1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol I, ch 1—pt ii:

And it came to pass that they took him; and his name was Nehor; and they carried him upon the top of the hill Manti, and there he was caused, or rather did acknowledge, between the heavens and the earth, that what he had taught to the people was contrary to the word of God; and there he suffered an ignominious death.

Greene died of a debauch; and Marlowe, the gracer of tragedians, perished in an ignominious brawl.

1902，Thomas Ebenezer Webb，The Mystery of William Shakespeare: A Summary of Evidence，頁 242:

For Roy Hodgson it was a desperate and ignominious way to end his four years as England manager. Whatever else happened in that time, his period in office will probably always be remembered for the full-on humiliation that accompanied this defeat and the knowledge it will rank among the more infamous results in the history of the national team.

2016年June27日，Daniel Taylor，“England humiliated as Iceland knock them out of Euro 2016”, in The Guardian，London:

And yet it also seems that Khashoggi avoided anything as ignominious as personal bankruptcy.

2017年June7日，Adam Lusher，“Adnan Khashoggi: the 'whoremonger' whose arms deals funded a playboy life of decadence and 'pleasure wives'”, in The Independent，London:


ingot

ingots (third-person singular present)
ingoting (present participle)
ingoted (past participle)


ingratiate

ingratiates (third-person singular present)
ingratiating (present participle)
ingratiated (past participle)


ingress

ingresses (third-person singular present)
ingressing (present participle)
ingressed (past participle)


impreg

一种经合成树脂处理的合板


intercepter

thy intercepter, full of despite, bloody as the hunter, attends thee at the orchard end

c. 1601–1602 （写稿日期），威廉·莎士比亚，“Twelfe Night, or What You Will [第十二夜]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio（第一对开本）)，伦敦: […] Isaac Iaggard和Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:


indict

來自中古英語 enditen、endyten，來自古法語 enditer，來自晚期拉丁語 indictāre，來自拉丁語 in- + dictāre。indite 的同源對似詞。
不規則的拼寫是由於該詞是從古法語借入中世紀英語的，而不是像dictāre的大多數其他後裔那樣從拉丁語借入。 （可見dight)。在母音大推移的過程中，借用的/iː/常轉變為/aɪ/；而「c」代表的是後來圖形拉丁化的嘗試。

indicts (third-person singular present)
indicting (present participle)
indicted (past participle)

a book that indicts modern values

一本控告現代價值觀的書籍

his former manager was indicted for fraud

他的前經紀人因欺詐而被起訴


impression

His head made an impression on the pillow.

他的頭在枕頭上留下痕跡。

He tried to make a good impression on his parents.

他試圖給父母留下好印象。

Their empires, triumphs, conquests, and projects, have left little impression behind them, notwithstanding the attention they once attracted, and the violent convulsions which they caused in the state of the world.

1805，Henry Kett，“Conclusion”, in Elements of General Knowledge, Introductory to Useful Books in the Principal Branches of Literature and Science. […]，卷 I, Philadelphia, Pa.: […] [T]he Press of H. Maxwell, for F. Nichols, […], and J. A. Cummings, […]，頁s 387–388:

The stories did not seem to me to touch life. […] They left me with the impression of a well-delivered stereopticon lecture, with characters about as life-like as the shadows on the screen, and whisking on and off, at the mercy of the operator.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 1, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

Though most of the cases here cover European encounters with non-Europeans, it is not the intention of the book to give the impression that genocide is a function of European colonialism and imperialism alone.

2008年June1日，A. Dirk Moses，“Preface”, in Empire, Colony, Genocide: Conquest, Occupation, and Subaltern Resistance in World History，Berghahn Books, →ISBN，頁 x:

I have the impression that he's already left for Paris.

我印象中他已經動身去巴黎了。

關鍵績效指標，代表廣告的曝光次數

Publishers are paid for each ad impression their site generates.

2010，Dusty Reagan，Twitter Application Development For Dummies，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 329:

第一層顏色，例如房屋油漆的底漆

Let us, therefore, use a little freedom, and call them Impressions; employing that word in a sense somewhat different from the usual. By the term impression, then, I mean all our more lively perceptions, when we hear, or see, or feel, or love, or hate, or desire, or will. And impressions are distinguished from ideas, which are the less lively perceptions, of which we are conscious, when we reflect on any of those sensations or movements above mentioned.

1748，David Hume，“Of the Origin of Ideas”, in An Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding:


impression

impressions (third-person singular present)
impressioning (present participle)
impressioned (past participle)

將鑰匙胚插入鎖中，印上鎖的形狀，以方便複製鑰匙

The trick in impressioning a key is to remove only a small amount of the blank, by filing or cutting, from the pin positions where impressions have been left.

2007，Graham Pulford，High-Security Mechanical Locks: An Encyclopedic Reference，頁 55:


ill-disposed

more ill-disposed (comparative)
most ill-disposed (superlative)


interchangeable

/ɪntɚˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒəbl̩/

[ɪɾ̃ɚˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒəbl̩]

Eli Whitney's development of interchangeable parts was a breakthrough for modern manufacturing. Prior to that, each part had to be made custom.

伊莱·惠特尼发明的可互换零件是现代制造业的一大突破。在此之前，每个零件都必须定制。

Sometimes the same words mean opposite things. Sometimes the opposite is true. Shock absorbers are called shocks. Slow down and slow up are interchangeable.

1997，George Carlin，Brain Droppings，New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 104:

The English, until relatively recently, seem to have imagined “English” and “British” to be interchangeable, as if Britain was just a bigger England.

2014年September16日，Ian Jack，“Is this the end of Britishness”, in The Guardian:


interchangeable

/ɪntɚˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒəbl̩/

[ɪɾ̃ɚˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒəbl̩]

任何可以交換的東西；替代品


interchanger

交換機，用於交換東西的設備


impressions

/ɪmˈpɹɛʃənz/


impressions

/ɪmˈpɹɛʃənz/

impression 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


ill-wisher

幸災樂禍的人；希望他人不幸、受到傷害的人


illinium

Illinois + -ium，來自伊利诺伊大学厄巴纳-香槟分校（University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign），他們聲稱在1926年發現此元素，但無法證實。


illiquid

more illiquid (comparative)
most illiquid (superlative)


interdental

舌头放在上下牙齿间发音的


injectant

A variety of fatty injectants may be used to create artificial marbling in meat.

多種脂肪注射劑可用於在肉中產生人造大理石花紋。


individualise

individualises (third-person singular present)
individualising (present participle)
individualised (past participle)

Francesca looked down and blushed,—first at the earnest gaze of Louis's face; and, secondly, but still deeper, at her own folly in having individualised a general expression

弗朗西斯卡低下頭，臉紅了——首先是看到路易斯臉上真誠的目光；然後是看到了路易斯臉上的認真目光。 其次，但更深刻的是，她自己愚蠢地把一般的表達方式個性化了

1834，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XXVII, in Francesca Carrara. […]，卷 I, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，頁 321:


industrialist

Brian Donlevy is a wealthy industrialist who survives an attempted murder when his wife's boyfriend is killed in a car crash.

喜歡表演或享受工業音樂的人

Like a lot of second-wave industrialists, Skinny Puppy's attraction to rhythm wasn't consciously political, but based in the pleasure of making and moving to a beat; Key was, after all, a drummer.

2013, S. Alexander Reed, Assimilate: A Critical History of Industrial Music (page 174)


industrialization

源自法語 industrialisation。可以分析為 industrial + -ization 或 industrialize + -ation。


industrialize

industrializes (third-person singular present)
industrializing (present participle)
industrialized (past participle)


ineffectual

more ineffectual (comparative)
most ineffectual (superlative)


immaturity

/ɪməˈtʃʊɹɪti/


immediately

I hope we can begin immediately.

我希望我們可以立刻開始。

His unruly hair was slicked down with water, and as Jessamy introduced him to Miss Brindle his face assumed a cherubic innocence which would immediately have aroused the suspicions of anyone who knew him.

1967，Barbara Sleigh，Jessamy，Sevenoaks, Kent: Bloomsbury, 出版於 1993, →ISBN，頁 96:

Spain failed to move through the gears despite exerting control for lengthy spells and a measure of perspective must be applied immediately to the outcome.

尽管西班牙队长时间控制着比赛，但他们仍未能取得进展，因此必须立即对比赛结果进行客观评估。

2011年November12日，“International friendly: England 1-0 Spain”, in BBC Sport:

A tri-tone chime whistle, operated from the cab by a flexible cable passing down the right hand handrail, is mounted on the top of the smokebox immediately behind the chimney.

1951 June，“British Railways Standard Class "5" 4-6-0 Locomotives”, in Railway Magazine，頁 399:


immediately

Immediately you transact on the Redemption and stop the impertinence of debate, God gives you the witness.

1924 (compiled and published posthumously), Oswald Chambers, "The Witness of the Spirit" (reading for Oct. 22), My Utmost for His Highest:


intermezzo

intermezzos (plural)
intermezzi (plural)


inquisitive

想问的；想知道的；好追根究底的；好奇的


immortalise

源自 immortal + -ise。也許是仿照中古法語 immortaliser 的拼寫。

immortalises (third-person singular present)
immortalising (present participle)
immortalised (past participle)

His heroic deeds were immortalised in song and tale.

他的英雄事蹟在歌曲和故事中永垂不朽。

The clocks at either end of the stadium had just ticked past 92 minutes when Branislav Ivanovic made the run that will immortalise him in Chelsea's history.

當布蘭尼斯拉夫·伊萬諾維奇跑出令他在切爾西隊史上名垂千古的一幕時，球場兩側的時鐘剛剛過去92分鐘。


immortalize

immortalizes (third-person singular present)
immortalizing (present participle)
immortalized (past participle)


insensitive

more insensitive (comparative)
most insensitive (superlative)


interpolate

interpolates (third-person singular present)
interpolating (present participle)
interpolated (past participle)

/ɪnˈtɜː.pəˌlæɪt/


interstellar

It can take centuries for light to travel interstellar distances.

光要传播星际距离可能需要几个世纪的时间。

Space is littered with interstellar particles.

Approximately 5 billion years ago, our solar nebula was formed as gravitational forces pulled interstellar gas and dust into a swirling mass around out newly formed sun.

2012，Chinle Miller，In Mesozoic Lands: The Mesozoic Geology of Arches and Canyonlands National Parks，第Kindle版:


intimidate

:< 中世紀拉丁語 intimidatus —— intimidare （“使害怕”）的过去分词 < 拉丁語 in （“在…内”） + timidus （“害怕的，胆怯的”）。 另见 timid。

intimidates (third-person singular present)
intimidating (present participle)
intimidated (past participle)

使钦佩，使敬仰，使…留下良好印象


intolerance

Religious intolerance is a serious problem in Brazil.


intrepid

more intrepid (comparative)
most intrepid (superlative)


intricacy

the intricacy of a knot

the intricacy of accounts

the intricacy of a cause in controversy

There are many intricacies in the plot of this novel.

这篇小说的情节十分错综复杂。


intrinsically

more intrinsically (comparative)
most intrinsically (superlative)

What cannot be commoditized because it is intrinsically inaccessible to commodification?

2021年September25日，Charles Hugh Smith，Are We Really So "Rich"? A New Way of Defining Wealth:


introduce

introduces (third-person singular present)
introducing (present participle)
introduced (past participle)


introduction

/ˌɪntɹəˈdʌkʃən/


intuitive

more intuitive (comparative)
most intuitive (superlative)


inundate

inundates (third-person singular present)
inundating (present participle)
inundated (past participle)


inveigle

inveigles (third-person singular present)
inveigling (present participle)
inveigled (past participle)


inventive

more inventive (comparative)
most inventive (superlative)


inaudible

Dogs can hear this whistle, but for people it is inaudible.

狗可以听到这个哨音，但是人听不到。

At first his voice was almost inaudible; but soon the spirit mastered the body, and his hollow but distinct tones gained a supernatural strength.

1834，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XXXII, in Francesca Carrara. […]，卷 III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，頁 267:


inauguration

/ɪnɔːɡ(j)ʊˈɹeɪʃən/

正式开始、发起或投入使用

近義詞：dedication

The inauguration of the new bar was a success, with plenty of discounts.

新酒吧的开业非常成功，折扣也很多。


incantation

来自中古英語 incantacioun，来自古法語 incantation，来自拉丁語 incantatio。详见enchant。


incessantly

不迭，不已，不止，不断地


jacaranda

借自葡萄牙語 jacarandá，源自古圖皮語 îacaranda。

They passed slowly under the jacaranda trees beginning to bloom lavender over their heads.

2020，Brit Bennett，The Vanishing Half，Dialogue Books，頁 147:

黄檀族（Dalbergia）部分与之类似的木材的商品名，如绒毛黄檀（Dalbergia frutescens）、巴西黑黃檀（Dalbergia nigra）、微凹黃檀（Dalbergia refusa）


jack-in-office

jack in office (alternative)
jacks-in-office (plural)

打官腔的官吏，狐假虎威的官員

Chapel at Trinity was compulsory. Hardy told the Dean, …, that he could not conscientiously attend. The Dean, who must have been a jack-in-office, insisted that Hardy should write to his parents and tell them so.

1967, C. P. Snow, foreword to A Mathematician's Apology, G. H. Hardy, 1948.


jack-in-the-box

jacks-in-boxes (plural)
jacks-in-the-boxes (plural)
jack-in-the-boxes (plural)
jacks-in-the-box (plural)


jack-tar

jacktar的另一種拼寫法


jack towel

roller towel

環狀長毛巾 （自16世紀）

環狀長毛巾 （自16世紀）

Bronze declared to me that she had never seen such a thing as a jack-towel in the house, nor even the nail-holes where one had been.

Bronze 告訴我，她从来没有在房子里见过像毛巾这样的东西，甚至连钉孔都没有见过。

1828，JT Smith，Nollekens and His Times，Century Hutchinson, 出版於 1986，頁 271:


hyena

hyenas (plural)
hyena (plural)
hyenae (plural)


jaguar

/ˈdʒæɡjuːɑː/


hypaethral

/hʌɪˈpiːθɹəl/


japonica

來自新拉丁語 japonica，種名。

To-day we have naming of parts. Japonica
Glistens like coral in all of the neighboring gardens,
And to-day we have naming of parts.

1942 August 8, Henry Reed, “Naming of Parts” in The New Statesman and Nation: The Week-end Review, volume 24, number 598, page 92:

原產日本的植物。
粳稻，水稻（Oryza sativa）的亞種

The isograms were typical of differences between two subspecies but also of those between different lines of japonicas or indicas.

1986，Rice Genetics: Proceedings of the International Rice Genetics Symposium, 27-31 May 1985，International Rice Research Institute:


Kagoshima

鹿兒島（縣名，位於日本西南部）

鹿兒島（首府名，位於日本鹿兒島）


hyperboloid

如果雙曲面是一整個連通面，則稱其為單葉（of one sheet）；若它有兩個部分，則稱為雙葉（of two sheets）。

像許多以非無聲 h 開頭但重音落在第二個音節的詞彙一樣，有些人在 hyperboloid 之前使用 an 作為不定冠詞，有些人則使用 a。


Jeroboam

借自希伯來語 יָרָבְעָם (yāroḇʿām)。

/ˌd͡ʒɛɹəˈboʊəm/


Jeroboam

借自希伯來語 יָרָבְעָם (yāroḇʿām)。

/ˌd͡ʒɛɹəˈboʊəm/

double magnum

大型酒瓶（裝3升香槟或勃艮第葡萄酒，或4.5升波尔多葡萄酒）

大型酒瓶（裝3升香槟或勃艮第葡萄酒，或4.5升波尔多葡萄酒）


jeweller

jeweler的另一種拼寫法


Lahore

源自烏爾都語 لاہور (lāhaur)。

Lohkot（历史上使用）

拉合尔，巴基斯坦第二大城市，旁遮普省省会。位于拉维河畔，印巴边界旁。

拉合尔，巴基斯坦第二大城市，旁遮普省省会。位于拉维河畔，印巴边界旁。


jinn

源自阿拉伯語 جِنّ (jinn)（單數جِنِّيّ (jinniyy)）。

jinns (plural)
jinn (plural)
jann (plural)
janns (plural)
jawan (plural)
jinnan (plural)
jinnah (plural)

鎮尼，精靈，神灵（超自然存在）

Each grasped a musket in one hand and searched for his hijab with the other, for each carried several of these amulets, and that in demand this night was the one written against the jan, for certainly none but a jin could have done this thing.

1928，Edgar Rice Burroughs，章號 21, in Tarzan, Lord of the Jungle，頁 281:

Thus, it was popularly supposed that familiar spirits could be enclosed in rings, or confined in bottles and boxes, just as the Persians thought that djinns could be kept in jars or flasks.

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 74:


hyperthermal

more hyperthermal (comparative)
most hyperthermal (superlative)


hyperthyroidism

/ˌhaɪ̯pəˈθaɪ̯ɹɔɪ̯ˌdɪzəm/


hypha

菌丝；黴菌類的線狀或絲狀體。


hyphen

谈话中的音节间之短暂停顿


hyphen

hyphens (third-person singular present)
hyphening (present participle)
hyphened (past participle)


hyphenate

hyphenates (third-person singular present)
hyphenating (present participle)
hyphenated (past participle)


kaftan

源自鄂圖曼土耳其語 قفطان，通过俄語 кафтан (kaftan)借入。

土耳其式长衫，在东地中海地区穿的一种长的束腰外衣。

与东地中海地区所穿的长衫样式相似的长衣或长衫。


jointer

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-jointer.wav


kakapo

源自毛利語 kākāpō。


kaleidoscope

來自古希臘語 καλός (kalós，“美麗”) + εἶδος (eîdos，“形狀”)（對照-oid） + -scope。1817年由發明家大卫·布儒斯特所創。
用作比喻義則是1819年的拜伦勋爵從出版社那邊收到一個萬花筒而來。

caleidoscope (alternative)
kaleidoscopes (plural)

Lady Etheringhame being now a constitutionalist, dined rather early: and Emily, her head like a kaleidoscope, full of colours, with not a little disdain, put on the blue silk she had thought bleu céleste, at least in the country.

1831，Letitia Elizabeth Landon，Romance and Reality，卷 1，頁s 34-35:

The rail journey from The Hook [Hook of Holland] to Basle is a scenic kaleidoscope, ranging from the flat terrain of the Netherlands to the high ranges of the Black Forest, from the straight Dutch waterways to the sinuous Rhine gorge, from the ocean-going shipping of canals to the busy inland traffic of the Rhine and from peaceful farmland to thriving centres of commerce.

1961 April，G. Freeman Allen，“The "Rheingold" goes via Cologne”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 231:

Another most notable change concerns rolling stock liveries. Back then, corporate Rail Blue was omnipresent, whereas now there is a kaleidoscope of colours and styles.

2020年June17日，David Clough，“Then and now: trains through Crewe”, in Rail，頁 60:


kaleidoscope

caleidoscope (alternative)
kaleidoscopes (third-person singular present)
kaleidoscoping (present participle)
kaleidoscoped (past participle)


hypocrite

來自古法語 ypocrite (現代法語hypocrite)，來自拉丁語 hypocrita，來自古希臘語 ὑποκριτής (hupokritḗs，“演員，偽善者”)，來自ὑποκρίνομαι (hupokrínomai，“回答，行動，假裝”)。本義為古英語 līċettere。

flip-flopper

偽善者（自13世紀早期）

pretender

偽善者（自13世紀早期）

偽善者（自13世紀早期）

[S]he was one of your ſoft ſpoken, canting, whining hypocrites, who with a truly jeſuitical art, could wreſt evil out of the moſt inoffenſive thought, word, look or action; […]

1765，Catherine Jemmat，The Memoirs of Mrs. Catherine Jemmat, Daughter of the Late Admiral Yeo, of Plymouth. Written by Herself，第2nd版, 卷 I, London: Printed for the author, at Charing-Cross, →OCLC，頁 145:

Neither Mr. Meacham, who mostly ignores Jefferson’s slave ownership, nor Mr. Wiencek, who sees him as a sort of fallen angel who comes to slavery only after discovering how profitable it could be, seem willing to confront the ugly truth: the third president was a creepy, brutal hypocrite.

2012年November30日，Paul Finkelman，“The Real Thomas Jefferson: The Monster of Monticello”, in New York Times:


jollity

繼承自中古英語 jolyfte，來自古法語 joliveté。


Kandy

源自泰米爾語 கண்டி (kaṇṭi)。


Kaohsiung

源自官話 高雄 (Kao¹-hsiung²)的威妥瑪拼音 ← 日語 高雄 (Takao) ← 閩南語 打狗 (Táⁿ-káu)。

/ˈkaʊ ˈʃjʊŋ/


kaolinised

kaolinise 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


Judaea

Judea的另一種拼寫法


karate

源自日語 空(から)手(て) (karate)，來自唐(から)手(て) (karate)，來自沖繩語 唐手 (tūdī)。

/kəˈɹɑː.teɪ/


judo

* 来自日语柔道 (jūdō)。


katakana

/ˌkætəˈkænə/

/ˌkætəˈkɑːnə/

/ˌkɑtəˈkɑːnə/

片假名（日語音節文字系統）


juniper

[ˈd͡ʒunɪ̈pɚ]


kation

cation的過時形式。


jut

juts (third-person singular present)
jutting (present participle)
jutted (past participle)


laughingly

more laughingly (comparative)
most laughingly (superlative)


keyframe

keyframes (third-person singular present)
keyframing (present participle)
keyframed (past participle)

通過插入關鍵幀使圖像活動


loofah

借自阿拉伯語 لُوفَة (lūfa)。


loofah

借自阿拉伯語 لُوفَة (lūfa)。

loofahs (third-person singular present)
loofahing (present participle)
loofahed (past participle)

And she took good care of my feet, massaging them and loofahing the calluses away.

2006，Scott Dikkers, Peter Hilleren，Destined for Destiny，頁 63:

I may have snuck in showering myself—plus shaving, loofahing, hair blow-drying, reapplying makeup, changing my outfit five times, and winding up in what I started out with.

2012，Jill Smolinski，Objects of My Affection:


lawless

more lawless (comparative)
most lawless (superlative)


Kiangsu

江蘇／江苏 (Jiāngsū)的郵政式拼音。


lightheaded

more lightheaded (comparative)
most lightheaded (superlative)


loot

一種杓子，主要用於移走製鹽鍋中浮在鹽水表面的雜質。


loot

打劫、狩掠、搶劫或搶掠的行為

搶掠中獲得的贓物或戰利品

免費獲得的獎勵或獎品，特別是聖誕禮物

玩家擊倒敵人後獲得的戰利品


loot

loots (third-person singular present)
looting (present participle)
looted (past participle)

搶掠某物品，特別是於戰爭或暴動等群體暴力或自然災害事件中。

An Urban Outfitters store in Manhattan that was looted on Saturday

一家在曼哈頓營業的「城市服飾」店鋪在星期六遭洗劫

檢查被擊倒的敵人的屍體以收集戰利品。


lightsome

more lightsome (comparative)
most lightsome (superlative)


lactational

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-lactational.wav


lordliness

繼承自中古英語 lordlines、lordlynes、lordlinesse，等同於lordly + -ness。


lordling

He saw it clear enough, now that the lordling had pointed it out. “They couldn't have froze. Not if the Wall was weeping. It wasn't cold enough."

1996年August1日，George R.R. Martin，A Game of Thrones (A Song of Ice and Fire; 1)，HarperCollins, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁 16:


lordly

繼承自中古英語 lordly、lordlich，來自古英語 hlāfordlīċ (“貴族；高貴；貴重”)，等同於lord + -ly。
副詞來自中古英語 lordly、lordely、lordliche。

lordlier (comparative)
more lordly (comparative)
lordliest (superlative)
most lordly (superlative)

Show us your lordly might: demonstrate that you can order people and get them to obey.

向我们展现您的威严：证明您可以命令人民并让他们服从。

But they are the peers of the Queensland Parliament, and, having no lordly robes, must approach the Old Country model as closely as possible.

1880，John Nichols，The Gentleman’s Magazine，卷 248，頁 60:

[I]n that some form of duty and sacrifice (here, participation in the 1848 Revolution and a recognition of his lordly duty) is not only beneficially character-forming but also leads ultimately to a condition which is 'sublime'.

2006，Steve Wharton，Screening Reality，頁 104:

Samson, in reply to this, says, “If you are not lordly, nor value your lordly title, as you tell me, and I trust in truth and sincerity, shall I call you a phoenix?

2011，Thomas Smith, C. Matthew McMahon, Therese B. McMahon，Select Memoirs of the English and Scottish Divines，頁 282:

[H]e's still got his lordly habits, and more so since coming out of the war as a general.' 'A colonel, Sammy,' said Rachel. 'Same thing, good as,' said Sammy. 'Boots, of course, does wear his lordly crown with style,' said Rachel. 'Don't I know it?

2011，Mary Jane Staples，Appointment at the Palace: An Adams Family Saga Novel，頁 275:

He asked water, and she gaue him milke, shee brought forth butter in a lordly dish.

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Judges 5:25:

It had also its Hall, called the Priory - an older, a larger, a more lordly abode than any Briarfield or Whinbury owned;

1849，Currer Bell [筆名; Charlotte Brontë]，“The First Blue-stocking”, in Shirley. A Tale. […]，卷 III, London: Smith, Elder and Co., […], →OCLC，頁 77:

There was one great tomb more lordly than all the rest.

1897，Bram Stoker，“Mina Harker’s Journal”, in Dracula，New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC，頁s 409–410:


lordly

lordlier (comparative)
lordliest (superlative)

貴族般地；有氣派地；高傲地

[…] / And Herod's painted pinnaces, ablaze / With lamps, and brazen shields and spangled slaves, / Came and went lordly at Tiberias; / […]

1891, Sir Edwin Arnold, The Light of the World: Or, The Great Consummation, Book I — “Mary Magdalene”, Funk & Wagnalls, page 56,

Look at man, then, walking lordly amidst the gigantic flora and fauna of long ago; and see if seven, eight, nine hundred years do not sit serenely on his mighty brow.

1925，Claude Kean，Stock Charges Against the Bible，出版於 2003，頁 61:


Kikongo

源自剛果語 ki- + Kongo，前綴表示無靈/抽象名詞，也可用於語言。19世紀晚期開始在英語中使用；而Kongo則出現得早一些。


lose

源自中古英語 losen，源自古英語 losian，源自原始日耳曼語 *lusōną，*luzōną，源自原始日耳曼語 *lusą。

loses (third-person singular present)
losing (present participle)
lost (past participle)

the wolf may lose his teeth but never his nature

what you gain on the swings you lose on the roundabouts

what you lose on the swings you gain on the roundabouts

would lose one's head if it wasn't attached

導致某物不再為某人所有。 從身體中取出（器官）

He lost his spleen in a car wreck.

他在一場車禍中失去了脾臟。

導致某物不再為某人所有。 減肥；減輕重量

I’ve lost five pounds this week.

導致某物不再為某人所有。 經歷死亡

導致某物不再為某人所有。 損失

導致某物不再為某人所有。 被剝奪

I lost my way in the forest.

We lost the football match.

我們輸掉了這場足球比賽。

無法再跟蹤（某人或某物）

When we get into the building, please lose the hat.

進入大樓後，請將帽子摘掉

It's already 5:30? My watch must have lost a few minutes.

已經 5:30 了？我的表肯定慢了幾分鐘。


lose

源自古法語 los，loos，源自拉丁語 laudēs，laus (“贊揚，贊美”)的複數。

That much he feared least reprochfull blame / With foule dishonour him mote blot therefore; / Besides the losse of so much loos and fame […].

1596，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book VI, Canto XII”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


loudly

loudlier (comparative)
more loudly (comparative)
loudliest (superlative)
most loudly (superlative)

He spoke loudly so that his brother could hear him from across the street.

他說得很大聲，這樣他兄弟在街對面也能聽得見。

And still when loudliest howls the storm, / And darkliest lowers his native sky, / The king's fierce soul is in that form, / The warrior's spirit threatens nigh!

1846，R[obert] S[tephen] Hawker，“The Wreck”, in Echoes from Old Cornwall，London: Joseph Masters, […], →OCLC, stanza X，頁 76:


leaked

leak的一般过去时和现在分词形式。


leaky

leakier (comparative)
leakiest (superlative)


louvre

louver的另一種寫法


kimono

借自日語 着物 (kimono，“服裝”)，源自着 + 物(もの) (mono)。

kimona (alternative)
kimonos (plural)
kimono (plural)

[kɪ̈ˈmoʊ̯noʊ̯]

[kɪ̈ˈmoʊ̯nə]

在日語中，浴衣通常不被視爲和服的一種。


lady-killer

令女性倾倒的男子，少女杀手。如西班牙传说人物唐璜(Don Juan)和意大利男子卡萨诺瓦(Casanova)。

多情种，爱挑逗女性的男子。与众多女性有暧昧关系或有染的男子。


ladybird

源自 lady + bird，這裡的 lady 指的是馬利亞，即耶穌的母親。對照德語 Marienkäfer (字面意思是“瑪莉甲蟲”)。

ladybug

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

lady beetle

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

ladycow

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

lady fly

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

bishy barnabee

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

ladybird 一詞在英式英語中使用，而 ladybug 則在美國和加拿大則很常見。

瓢蟲，鞘翅目瓢蟲科成員的通稱

During this time, they eat about 825 Toxoptera per ladybird, making an average of about twenty-five per day to each ladybird.
在此期間，每隻瓢蟲大約要吃掉825隻桔蚜，平均每隻瓢蟲每天要吃掉25隻桔蚜。

1914, Entomological Society of America, Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Volume 7, page 81,

Lady-bird, lady-bird, fly away home, / Thy house is on fire, thy children all gone: / All but one whose name is Ann, / And she crept under the pudding-pan.
瓢蟲，瓢蟲，飛回家去吧，／你的房子著火了，你的孩子都走了：／除了一個叫安的，／她爬到了布丁鍋下面。

1927, Hamilton Wright Mabie, Edward Everett Hale, and William Byron Forbush (editors), Childhood′s Favorites and Fairy Stories: The Young Folks Treasury, Volume 1, Gutenberg eBook #19993,

Ladybirds, unlike most beetles, enjoy considerable popularity: they are attractive to look at and are well-known as useful predators of aphids—the greenfly and blackfly that destroy garden plants and crops.
與大多數甲蟲不同，瓢蟲相當受歡迎：它們不僅外觀迷人，而且是眾所周知的蚜蟲－破壞花園植物和農作物的綠蠅和黑蠅－的有效捕食者。

1976 September 30, Denis Owen, Ladybird, ladybird, fly away home, New Scientist, page 686,

Perhaps it was a sense of lack of effectiveness of native ladybirds in rapid and complete control of aphid infestations that led to attempts to import additional aphid-feeding ladybird species into North America.
也許正是因為感覺到當地瓢蟲在快速、徹底地控制蚜蟲蟲害方面缺乏有效性，人們才試圖向北美引進更多的以蚜蟲為食的瓢蟲物種。

2008, John L. Capinera, Encyclopedia of Entomology, Springer-Verlag New York, 2nd Edition, page 2130,


limn

limns (third-person singular present)
limning (present participle)
limned (past participle)


kinematic

more kinematic (comparative)
most kinematic (superlative)


limpid

more limpid (comparative)
most limpid (superlative)


lecture

lectures (third-person singular present)
lecturing (present participle)
lectured (past participle)


Lublin

:Template:分類 盧布林，波蘭城市


lakes

lake 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


lineate

拉丁語 lineatus，lineare (“使變為一條直線”) 的過去分詞。

more lineate (comparative)
most lineate (superlative)


luce

源自古法語 lus、luis，源自拉丁語 lūcius。


leftmost

Start with the leftmost one and work towards the right.

從最左邊的那個開始，然後向右走。


lambent

more lambent (comparative)
most lambent (superlative)


ling

借自中古英語 lenge，lienge，借自中古法語 leynge（比較法語 lingue），借自中古荷蘭語 *lenge（現代的荷蘭語 leng），與古諾爾斯語 langa 同源，可能與 long有關。

魣鱈屬（Molva）的魚


ling

借自中古英語 lyng，借自古諾爾斯語 lyng。

任何一種杜鵑花科植物
帚石楠（Calluna vulgaris）

I was sitting by a path on a tussock between some bushes, whence I could overlook the path and a little valley to which it led down, and where nothing but ling and heather grew.

我坐在灌木丛间的一条小路边，俯瞰着小路延伸至的一个小山谷，那里除了石楠什么也没有。

1886，Peter Christen Asbjørnsen，譯者 H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales，頁 28:

Partridges, enjoying their last weeks of security, rose whirring and clattering from among the ling.

鹧鸪正享受着最后几周的安全时光，它们从石楠丛中呼呼作响地飞起。

1931，Dorothy L. Sayers，The Five Red Herrings:


lingam

古典借詞，源自梵語 लिङ्गम् (liṅgam，लिङ्ग (liṅga，“標誌，標記；陰莖”)的主格單數)。

當用於“陰莖”時，主要見於含有印度教、阿育吠陀、怛特羅、瑜珈的語境下，或譯自梵語的文章。

同類詞：yoni

委婉；參見[[#使用說明]]

Once both partners have felt the connection it is up to the woman to give the signal that permission to enter has been granted. She may whisper her invitation to enter, use her hands to guide his lingam, or press against him, causing his lingam to open her.

2013，Anaiya Sophia，Sacred Sexual Union: The Alchemy of Love, Power, and Wisdom，Rochester: Inner Traditions, →ISBN, →OCLC, →ISBN:

He still enjoys a tumble with her now as much as when they were youngsters, his voice cracking and his lingam a sprout that seemed never to get soft.

2008，John Speed，Tiger Claws: A Novel of India，New York: St. Martin's Press, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁 139, →ISBN:

When the sages saw the great god Siva so haggard and sad, they treated him with scorn and saluted him only with bent heads.
Sica:Template:SIC, tired and weary, asked only for "alms". Thus the god went about begging along the roads of Darauvanam.
As the women looked at him, they felt a pang in their heart. Their minds were perturbed and their hearts agitated by the sensations of love. They forsook the beds of the sages and followed Siva.
As the sages saw their wives following Siva, they pronounced a curse upon him;
"May his lingam fall to the ground."

1993，Hilton Hotema，Son of Perfection，Pomeroy, Washington: Health Research, →ISBN, →OCLC，頁 50, →ISBN:

I gaze into the starry void, into Dominique’s eyes, into the blackness behind my own sealed eyelids as her lips envelop my lingam, and I feel a feedback channel opening between this creature of obsession and the dormant natural man.

2011，Norman Spinrad，The Void Captain's Tale，United Kingdom: Orion, →ISBN, →ISBN:


kinkajou

借自法語 quincajou，源自一阿爾岡昆語族詞彙，本義可能為“狼獾”（對比阿爾岡昆語 Kwingwaage、奧吉布瓦語 gwiingwa'aage (“狼獾”)），後來轉稱這種南美洲動物。與 carcajou 有關。

/ˈkɪŋkəˌd͡ʒuː/

/ˈkɪŋkəˌʒuː/


lingerie

/ˌlɔn.(d)ʒəˈɹæɪ/

/ˈlɔ̃.(d)ʒə.ɹæɪ/

Empire matinees in lingerie stuffs with trimmings of lace and embroidery are shown in great variety.

1906, Dry Goods Guide (volumes 17-18, page 70)


lucubrate

借自拉丁語 lūcubrātus，lūcubrō (“在燭光下工作”)的完成被動分詞，源自lūx (“光”)。

lucubrates (third-person singular present)
lucubrating (present participle)
lucubrated (past participle)


lingering

linger 的動名詞：拖延，逗留

But through this insistent rhythm and rhyme, there are only questions and parenthetical pauses, interruptions and lingerings.

2000, David S. Reynolds, A Historical Guide to Walt Whitman (page 73)


linguistics

源自 linguist + -ics，類似於 linguistic 和拉丁語 linguisticus，源自德語 Linguistik，由英國的博學者威廉·惠威爾在1837造出 。

美國，/ŋ/ 前緊繃的發音


legislative

more legislative (comparative)
most legislative (superlative)

a legislative act


legit

more legit (comparative)
most legit (superlative)

legitimate 的截斷形式：合法的，适法的，正当的


Kissinger

/ˈkɪsənd͡ʒɚ/


lei

源自羅馬尼亞語 lei。


lemures

:出自拉丁语 lemurēs ("夜里出来徘徊的游魂")。


landgravine

伯爵夫人，領主夫人；女伯爵，女領主


kneecap

护膝，用于在摔倒时保护膝盖。


lurid

more lurid (comparative)
most lurid (superlative)


lenient

more lenient (comparative)
most lenient (superlative)


knives

knive 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


lycanthropy

來自古希臘語 λυκανθρωπία (lukanthrōpía)，來自λυκάνθρωπος (lukánthrōpos)。

lycanthropia (alternative)
lycanthropies (plural)

能變身為狼人的狀態（一般在滿月之夜，不受控制）。

能在人形和動物形之間變身的狀態。

認為自己能變身成動物的錯覺。


knowledgeable

more knowledgeable (comparative)
most knowledgeable (superlative)

a knowledgeable man

Let all knowledgeable people present what they say, write and show.


lapel

來自lap + -el (“指小後綴”)。


leucocratic

more leucocratic (comparative)
most leucocratic (superlative)

（岩石）淺色的，表明其成分90%以上是長英質礦物

Occasionally the opinion is advanced that the formation of the leucocratic, granitic-granodioritic portions of the heterogeneous in-situ migmatites is due to a metasomatic process, i.e., to the addition of “emanations” from depth.

2013，H.G.F. Winkler，Petrogenesis of Metamorphic Rocks，頁 325:


lithograph

lithographs (third-person singular present)
lithographing (present participle)
lithographed (past participle)


litigant

派生自法語 litigant，來自中古法語，來自拉丁語 lītigāns。


litigant

派生自法語 litigant，來自中古法語，來自拉丁語 lītigāns。

more litigant (comparative)
most litigant (superlative)

the parties litigant


litigate

litigates (third-person singular present)
litigating (present participle)
litigated (past participle)


livelock

livelocks (third-person singular present)
livelocking (present participle)
livelocked (past participle)


last name

因為在英語，姓氏寫在後方，所以叫 last name。但是有些地方（如中日韓越）的語言及文化中，姓氏寫在名字前面，因此這時用surname或family name可能會更合適。


liverwort

liver ("肝") + wort (古英语, "植物")。古人因见到某些此类植物形状像肝脏，于是相信其可作药用医治肝病。


leverage

/ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

mechanical advantage

繞樞軸旋轉的槓桿而復合的力；參見扭矩。

operating leverage

在設施的高產能利用率下運作時能夠獲得非常高的回報的能力。

繞樞軸旋轉的槓桿而復合的力；參見扭矩。

A crowbar uses leverage to pry nails out of wood.

In order to proportion the braking force to the weight carried by a wheel - a matter of special importance in the braking of wagons - variable leverage systems are now being introduced in which the end of one axle spring is linked to a control spring in the change-over valve, so automatically varying the leverage exerted by the brake-rod according to whether the wagon is full or empty.

1960 April，“The braking of trains”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 237:

任何複合的或用來獲得優勢的影響。

Try using competitors’ prices for leverage in the negotiation.

The former Forest man, who passed a late fitness test, appeared to use Guy Moussi for leverage before nodding in David Fox's free-kick at the far post - his 22nd goal of the season.

2011年April15日，Saj Chowdhury，“Norwich 2 - 1 Nott'm Forest”, in BBC Sport:

使用合約確定回報的借入資金來提高投資能力並獲得預期更高的回報，但通常風險較高。

Leverage is great until something goes wrong with your investments and you still have to pay your debts.

Online margin trading is usually based on leverage, where the brokerage effectively lets you borrow more money than you have deposited as collateral.

2011，Brian Dolan，Currency Trading For Dummies，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 55:

Both exchanges offer crypto derivatives, which are bets on future fluctuations in cryptocurrency prices. They also offer extreme leverage — up to 125 times on Binance. That means a $1,000 down payment can be turned into a $125,000 gamble.

2021年July23日，Eric Lipton, Ephrat Livni，“‘I Feel Conflicted’: Crypto’s Offshore Trading Moguls Talk Shop”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

In such cases where there is a multiple capital structure the factor known as leverage comes into play.

1933年June4日，“Trusts Heartened by Security Rally”, in New York Times:

在設施的高產能利用率下運作時能夠獲得非常高的回報的能力。


leverage

leverages (third-person singular present)
leveraging (present participle)
leveraged (past participle)

/ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

使用；利用；為了充分利用（某物）而進行操縱。

They plan to leverage the publicity into a good distribution agreement.

They plan to leverage off the publicity to get a good distribution agreement.

EAP research has developed advanced methods for producing corpus-informed vocabulary resources, but these have yet to be fully leveraged to promote disciplinary literacy within the secondary school context.

2018，Clarence Green, James Lambert，“Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, in Journal of English for Academic Purposes，卷 35, →DOI，頁 105:


loaded

load 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


loaded

more loaded (comparative)
most loaded (superlative)


loathsome

more loathsome (comparative)
most loathsome (superlative)


lexicographer

來自法語 lexicographe，來自古希臘語 λεξικός (lexikós，“詞語”) + γράφω (gráphō，“書寫”)；可分析為lexico- + -grapher。

/ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfə(ɹ)/

Pitt has furnish'd us a word or two / Which lexicographers declined to do.

1811，George Gordon Byron，Hints from Horace:

The best lexicographer may well be content if his productions are received by the world with cold esteem.

1860，Thomas Babington Macaulay，Biographies contributed to the Encyclopædia Britannica:


lexicography

源自 lexico- (表示「言語；詞語」的前綴) + -graphy (表示「關於特定主題的書面內容」的後綴)。

/ˌlɛksɪˈkɒɡɹəfi/

/ˌlɛksɪˈkɑɡɹəfi/

辭書學；編纂和撰述詞典的學問

[T]here are ſeveral Species of Writing, in which a proper Degree of Hebetude is abſolutely neceſſary, as well as in other profeſſions; such as Lexicography, Index-making, and the like; [...]

1735年February22日，“Craftsman, Feb. 22 [Julian calendar]. Nº 451.”, in The Gentleman’s Magazine, and Historical Chronicle，卷 V, London: […] Edward Cave, […], 出版於 February 1735, →OCLC，頁 85，列 1:

Let me warn you, therefore, against that fallacious lexicography which forms new words, that undergoing the examination of political slander or intemperate zeal, are considered as having a known acception.—What is the word?—A word that should be discarded, when it is sought to affix to it another meaning than that which it bears in the cases where it is used.

1795年December22日，[John Philpot] Curran (defence counsel)，“612. Trial of James Weldon for High Treason, […]”, in Cobbett’s Complete Collection of State Trials and Proceedings for High Treason and Other Crimes and Misdemeanors […]，卷 XXVI, London: […] Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown; [et al.], 出版於 1819, →OCLC，列 267:

[...] I have not only availed myſelf of all the Aſſiſtance which more ancient Sources of Spaniſh Lexicography could afford, but alſo had particular Recourſe to the Dictionary published at Madrid in 1797 and 1798, [...]

1802，Henry Neuman，“Preface”, in A New Dictionary of the Spanish and English Languages; […] In Two Parts，1st part (The Spanish before the English), London: […] Vernor and Hood, […], →OCLC:

There exist different forms of this character, but I think we should not presume to make an etymology of a Chinese character without being authorized by the Shwǒ wǎn, the oldest and most genuine source of Chinese lexicography.

1831，Ying Hing Soo，“Book Second”, in Charles Fried. Neumann [i.e., Karl Friedrich Neumann]（譯者）, History of the Pirates who Infested the China Sea，源自1807 to 1810. […]，London: […] Oriental Translation Fund, […], →OCLC, footnote，頁 54:

Without doubt, the most important single development in learner lexicography from the mid-1970s onwards has been the steadily increasing involvement of the computer at all stages of the dictionary-making process，源自data gathering and analysis at one end, to compilation, production, and revision at the other.

1999，A[nthony] P[aul] Cowie，“The Role of the Computer in Learner Lexicography”, in English Dictionaries for Foreign Learners: A History，Oxford, Oxfordshire: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, section 4.1 (Introduction)，頁 118:

A dictionary, as an art and craft of lexicography, has always been closely associated with the notion of pedagogy.

2013，Amy Chi，“Researching Pedagogical Lexicography”, in The Bloomsbury Companion to Lexicography (Bloomsbury Companions)，London, New York, N.Y.: Bloomsbury Academic, Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN，頁 165:

分析和描述某語言詞彙中的語義、組合和範式關係，並發展詞典組件和結構理論、以將詞典中各部分資料聯繫起來的學術學科

But changes of this nature belong to lexicography, as they do not affect the grammatical forms of words.

1828，Moses Stuart，“Changes of Consonants”, in A Grammar of the Hebrew Language，第3rd版, Andover, Mass.: Flagg & Gould, →OCLC, part II (Changes and Peculiarities of Consonants and Verbs), § 105，頁 51:

What the history of language in general teaches, that in course of time, there is less change in form than signification, in grammar than lexicography, is true of the Greek.

1840，Geo. Benedict Winer [i.e., Georg Benedikt Winer]，“§ 4. Grammatical Character of the N.T. Diction.”, in J. H Agnew, O. G. Ebbeke（譯者）, A Grammar of the Idioms of the Greek Language of the New Testament，Philadelphia, Pa.: Herman Hooker, […], →OCLC, part I，頁 37:

If Lexicography in general is that science whose task it is to set forth the nature of every single word of a language through all the periods of its existence, it is the task of Latin lexicography in particular to set forth the nature of every single word of the Latin language, as it makes itself known in all the periods of the existence of that language; or more succinctly expressed, it is the object of Latin lexicography to give the history of every single word of the Latin language.

1845 February，Wilhelm Freund，“Article IV. Principles of Latin Lexicography.”, in T[heodore] D[wight] Woolsey（譯者）, Bibliotheca Sacra and Theological Review，卷 II, 期 V, New York, N.Y., London: Wiley & Putnam; Andover, Mass.: Allen, Morrill and Wardwell, →OCLC, section I (Of the Idea and Elements of Latin Lexicography), § 1，頁 80:

[T]he philologist may well refuse to accept a body of triliteral roots, developed on a highly artificial and uniform plan, as the ultimate fact in Semitic lexicography.

1911年December13日，C. J. Ball，“A Study in Biblical Philology”, in Proceedings of the Society of Biblical Archæology，卷 XXXIII, 期 CCXLIX, London: Society of Biblical Archaeology, →OCLC，頁 13:

Academic lexicography, or 'metalexicography', as pursued in university departments of English or Linguistics, is concerned not primarily with the compiling of dictionaries – though academics may be involved in this, as consultants, for example – but with researching and teaching about the whole business of making dictionaries: their history, their typology, their structures, their users, and so on [...].

2002，Howard Jackson，“Criticising Dictionaries”, in Lexicography: An Introduction，London, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN，頁 173:

There can be no doubt, that in a general sense a boat is a vessel, for it is "a vehicle in which men or goods are carried on the water," which is one of the definitions of a vessel given in our lexicographies; [...]

1828 October，Joseph Story, Associate Judge of the Supreme Court, William P. Mason (reporter)，“United States vs. an Open Boat and Lading”, in Reports of Cases Argued and Determined in the Circuit Court of the United States, for the First Circuit，卷 V, Boston, Mass.: Hilliard, Gray, Little, and Wilkins, 出版於 1831, →OCLC，頁 134:

"Air put in motion" is the brief description of the wind in lexicographies; but what a contrast in quality according to its direction; [...]

1855 March，“A Bag of Wind”, in Putnam’s Monthly. A Magazine of Literature, Science, and Art，卷 V, 期 XXVII, New York, N.Y.: Dix & Edwards, […]; London: Sampson Low, Son & Co., →OCLC，頁 251，列 1:

The earliest examples of dictionaries or lexicographies in nearly any culture serve more to regularize and standardize the lexicon than to list or inventory it, and as such would tend to take as their object textual rather than spoken language.

1998，Christopher Leigh Connery，“Textual Authority and Textual Practice”, in The Empire of the Text: Writing and Authority in Early Imperial China，Lanham, Md., Oxford, Oxfordshire: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, →ISBN，頁 37:


lobster

繼承自中古英語 loppestere、lopster，來自古英語 loppestre (“龍蝦，像蜘蛛的生物”)，源頭不確定。有些人認為是拉丁語 lō̆custa (“蚱蜢，蝗蟲”)訛變 + 古英語陰性代理後綴-estre。在拉丁語短語lō̆custa marīna（字面意思為「海蚱蜢」）用來表示一種甲殼動物（蝦子或龍蝦）。
或者是來自古英語 lobbe、loppe (“蜘蛛”) + 古英語陰性代理後綴-estre，等同於lop + -ster。

more lobster (comparative)
most lobster (superlative)

red as a lobster

紅色的，用於形容曬傷的皮膚

紅色的，用於形容曬傷的皮膚


lobster

lobster mushroom (Hypomyces lactifluorum)

Some get shit and some get lobster
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1991, Markus Grosskopf, "Shit and Lobster", Helloween, Pink Bubbles Go Ape.

澳大利亞的二十元紙幣，其顏色為橘紅色


lobster

lobsters (third-person singular present)
lobstering (present participle)
lobstered (past participle)


libelous

more libelous (comparative)
most libelous (superlative)


liberticide

借自法語 liberticide，大約於法國大革命時期創造。等價於 liberty + -cide。

[…] by aſſembling at her houſe, in ſecret council, the principal chiefs of that conſpiracy, and by keeping up a correſpondence tending to facilitate their liberticide deſigns.

1798, translation of Madame Roland, An Appeal to Impartial Posterity, First American Edition—Corrected, Volume I, A. Van Hook (publisher), pages 151–152:

The conservative body you propose might be so constituted, as, while it would be an admirable sedative in a variety of smaller cases, might also be a valuable sentinel and check on the liberticide views of an ambitious individual.

1811 January 26, Thomas Jefferson, letter to M. D. Destutt Tracy, in Thomas Jefferson Randolph (editor), Memoirs, Correspondence, and Private Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Volume IV, Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley (publishers, 1829), page 166:

M. Labriffe is a member of the Chamber of Deputies, and has, of course, voted for the liberticide laws.

1823, Public Characters of All Nations, Volume II, Sir Richard Phillips and Co. (publisher), page 502: