awaken

來自中古英語 awakenen或awaknen，來自古英語 awæcnan或awæcnian，來自a- 加上wæcnan或wæcnian。

awakens (third-person singular present)
awakening (present participle)
awakened (past participle)

由於經常與 awake 混淆，本詞也承襲了一些 awake 的變位，即簡單過去式和過去分詞分別變成 awoke 和 awoken。

She awakened him by ringing the bell.

Each morning he awakens with a smile on his face.

每天早晨他都面帶笑容地醒來。

awake 的過去時分詞

[This ant] I ſuffered to lye above an hour in the Spirit; and after I had taken it out, and put its body and legs into a natural poſture, remained moveleſs about an hour; but then , upon a ſudden, as if it had been awaken out of a drunken ſleep, it ſuddenly reviv'd and ran away...


wake up

wakes up (third-person singular present)
waking up (present participle)
woke up (past)
waked up (past)
woken up (past participle)
waked up (past participle)

I made a speaking trumpet of my hands and commenced to whoop “Ahoy!” and “Hello!” at the top of my lungs. […] The Colonel woke up, and, after asking what in brimstone was the matter, opened his mouth and roared “Hi!” and “Hello!” like the bull of Bashan.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 7, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

"Woke up, fell out of bed, dragged a comb across my head"

1967, 約翰·列儂/保羅·麥卡特尼，"A Day in the Life":

Wake your brother up; it's time for school.

叫醒你哥哥/弟弟；現在該上學了。

It had been his intention to go to Wimbledon, but as he himself said: “Why be blooming well frizzled when you can hear all the results over the wireless.[…]You stand by, Janet, and wake me up if they do any of that running commentary stuff.”

1935，George Goodchild，章號 3, in Death on the Centre Court:

認清現實；專注於手頭上的事情

Some businesses were slow to wake up to the importance of the Internet.

That's the third time you've made the same mistake. Wake up!


emojify

emojifies (third-person singular present)
emojifying (present participle)
emojified (past participle)

Writing in particular has been re-mediated in contemporary culture in ways that largely entangle words in images, with images gaining ascendancy. Apple's 2016 announcement of a new texting feature that allows writers to emojify their texts is only the latest development in this larger shift.

2018，Teresa Berger，“Virtual “stuff”: Materiality – visuality – soundscapes”, in @ Worship: Liturgical Practices in Digital Worlds (Liturgy, Worship and Society)，London: Routledge, →ISBN，頁 55:


dashi

來自日語 出汁 (だし, dashi)，來自出す (dasu，“拿出，取出”)的名詞形。

日式上湯，常用鰹魚乾和海帶熬製而成。

Kombu (KOHM-boo): This Japanese seaweed is used to make dashi, an Asian soup stock, and to flavor rice and stews.

2000 September, Vegetarian Times, page 28,

A great dashi (stock) is essential, as it is the crucial element in soups, dipping sauces, nimono (simmered dishes) and nabemono (hotpot dishes), and for cooking fish and vegetables.

2002, John Frederick Ashburne, Yoshi Abe, World Food: Japan, Lonely Planet, page 41,

Dashi is the basic soup stock for many Japanese dishes including noodle soups.

2007, Lee Geok Boi, Classic Asian Noodles, page 38,


tsantsa

源自西班牙語 tsantsa，本身則源自舒阿爾語 tsantsa。

南美洲原住民舒阿族所製作的縮小人頭。


safer

safe 的比較級形式。


mummies

mummy的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


sool

sools (third-person singular present)
sooling (present participle)
sooled (past participle)

一般用“sool 某人 onto 某人/某物”的結構。

She went quickly towards her camp, calling softly, "Birree gougou," which meant "Sool 'em, sool 'em," and was the signal for the dogs to come out.

1896, K. Langloh Parker, Australian Legendary Tales, Nutt, page 91:

So he had to satisfy his lust for homicide with passing on the urges of the Propagandists and sooling the able-bodied off to war and hounding pacifists and enemies into retirement.

1938, Xavier Herbert, Capricornia, Chapter VIII, pp. 120-121, https://archive.org/details/capricornianovel00herb


sortie

借自法語 sortie (“出口，結束”)。

Russia said it carried out 55 sorties in the last 24 hours.

俄羅斯方面稱，過去24小時內，其戰機共出動55架次。

Finally, the astronauts will descend to the lunar surface. After their sortie on the moon, they’ll return to the orbital station

2019, Jeff Foust, “NASA’s Lunar Space Station Is a Great/Terrible Idea,” IEEE Spectrum:


sortie

借自法語 sortie (“出口，結束”)。

sorties (third-person singular present)
sortying (present participle)
sortieing (present participle)
sortied (past participle)


soused

more soused (comparative)
most soused (superlative)

Yes, happy hour. A great American invention for spending quality time with spouse, soused.

1988，Heywood Gould，Cocktail (motion picture), spoken by Brian Flanagan (Tom Cruise):


soused

souse 的過去式和過去分詞


as far as I'm concerned

就我的看法；根據我的想法


oölogy

oology的另一種拼寫法

Yet it is not difficult to see that Oölogy promises to become an important auxiliary both in aiding to determine natural divisions, and to enable us to decide in regard to varieties the specific identity of which is in doubt. Let us take an instance. [...] Without looking at all to the external structure of these birds, Oölogy would seem to indicate that the Cat-Bird, though closely allied to the true Mocking-Bird, is at least one step, and that the Brown Thrush is even farther, removed.

1857，Thomas M[ayo] Brewer，“Introduction”, in North American Oölogy (Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge; XI)，part I (Raptores and Fissirostres), Washington, D.C.: Published by the Smithsonian Institution, 出版於 1859, →OCLC，頁 vi:

When we come to examine the oölogy of the great Columbo-gallinaceous group, one well represented in the avifauna of the United States, it is possible to make the comparisons quite extensive, owing to [Charles] Bendire's exhaustive labors, as seen in his fine quarto volume already spoken of at the beginning of this paper.

1893，R[obert] W[ilson] Shufeldt，“Comparative Oölogy of North American Birds”, in Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution, Showing the Operations, Expenditures, and Condition of the Institution for the Year Ending June 30, 1892: Report of the U.S. National Museum (The Miscellaneous Documents of the House of Representatives for the Second Session of the Fifty-second Congress; Mis. Doc. 114, part 2)，Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, →OCLC，頁 473:

Dave Marshall, Frank Graham, Chuck Henny, Lloyd Kiff, Phil Cuthbert, and Joe Mazzoni shared their knowledge of hunting, oölogy, and bird-skin preservation, and provided philosophical insight concerning men's desire to hunt.

2011 December，Renée Thompson，“Acknowledgements”, in The Plume Hunter，Torrey, Ut.: Torrey House Press, →ISBN，頁 260:


spaceman

I want to be a spaceman when I grow up.


speculum

源自拉丁語 speculum (“鏡子”)，源自specere (“看見，看著”) + -ulum (“工具名詞後綴”)。


spindel

衛矛屬（Euonymus）的一些物種，原是用作製紡錘

I haue sene this tree oft tymes in England and in moste plentye betwene Ware and Barkwaye, yet for al that I coulde neuer learne an Englishe name for it: the Duche men call it in Netherlande Spilboome that is Spindel tree, because they vse to make Spindels of it in that countrey and me thinke it may be so wel named in English.

1568, William Turner quoted by Richard Mabey in "Flora Britannica", London, 1996, p244.


pol

The knights-errant of politics could "tsk, tsk" all they wanted, but most experienced pols recognized that patronage was the lifeblood of their profession.

2008, Frank P. Vazzano, Politician Extraordinaire (page 174)


joss paper

There is also a difference in the joss papers. For spirits (souls), the joss paper is silver. Gold is generally meant for gods and deities. Depending on the financial status of the family, the offering of food can be on the high end.

2013, Khoo Boo Eng, A Simple Approach to Taoism: Festivals, Worship and Rituals, Partridge Publishing Singapore (ISBN 9781482892062)


spurning

But what are your foot-ploddings, your ambulating rejoicings, to the free etherealities which our courser's light bound and exultant spurnings of the dull earth bring to the spirit!

1842, Edward Bulwer Lytton, The Disowned (page 286)


runs

run的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


stadion

源自古希臘語 στάδιον (stádion)。

古希臘里（長度單位），等同於600古希臘尺（podes），約合現代185.4米。

The stadion did not suffice for the races of horses and chariots which had been favorites with the Greeks since the Trojan war.

1883: Franz von Reber (translated by Joseph Thacher Clarke), History of ancient art, p257 (S. Low…)

The stadion was used specifically for human athletic contests whereas the Greek hippodrome and later the Roman circus were used for equestrian events. The gymnasion and the palaistra were used for training purposes for human athletic events.

1993: David Gilman Romano, Athletics and Mathematics in Archaic Corinth: The Origins of the Greek Stadion, p1 (Diane Publishing Co.; ISBN 0871692066 (10), ISBN 978-0871692061 (13))

Stadion Race (200 meters)

2001: Edward Seldon Sears, Running Through the Ages, p26 (McFarland, ISBN 978-0-7864-0971-6


dark matter

仿譯自德語 Dunkle Materie，來自dunkel (“暗”) + Materie (“物質”)。最早於1933年由瑞士天文學家弗里茨·兹威基所造，因1970年代美國天文學家薇拉·鲁宾的一篇關於星系自轉問題的論文而為大眾所知。

The evidence for dark matter in galaxies started to accumulate in the mid-1970s. By the following decade it became clear that essentially all galaxies, including our own Milky Way, are surrounded by extensive halos of dark matter.

2001, Susan M. Fitzpatrick, John T. Brue, Carving Our Destiny: Scientific Research Faces a New Millennium,

On large scales like that of clusters of galaxies, gravitational lensing indicates that the dark matter is smoothly distributed, on the average.

2004, L. Bergström, A. Goobar, Particle Astrophysics and the Dark Sector of the Universe, in John W. Mason (editor), Astrophysics Update, pages 124-125,


steeplechase

steeple (“教堂尖塔”) + chase，源自18世紀愛爾蘭的賽馬，賽道方向以教堂的尖塔作為標識。


steeplechase

steeplechases (third-person singular present)
steeplechasing (present participle)
steeplechased (past participle)


sells

sell的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


strangle

源自中古英語 stranglen，源自古法語 estrangler，源自拉丁語 strangulō, strangulāre，源自古希臘語 στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai，“勒死”)，源自στραγγάλη (strangálē，“韁繩”)；對比στραγγός (strangós，“彎曲的”)。代替中古英語 wirien、awurien (“勒死”)（> 英語 worry）。

strangles (third-person singular present)
strangling (present participle)
strangled (past participle)

He strangled his wife and dissolved the body in acid.

他把妻子掐死，再用酸來溶解她的身體。

She strangled a scream.

The cat slipped from the branch and strangled on its bell-collar.

那隻貓從樹枝上滑下來，被掛著鈴鐺的頸箍勒死了。


untalkative

more untalkative (comparative)
most untalkative (superlative)

不願意談話；沉默寡言；拒絕說話


somnolent

最早見於1615年。借自法語 somnolent，源自古法語 sompnolent，源自拉丁語 somnolentus，源自somnus (“睡眠”)，源自原始印歐語 *swépnos、*supnós (“夢”)，派生自*swep-。

more somnolent (comparative)
most somnolent (superlative)

[…]; and in chronicling the passing parade of Harry's life, the books have also created a Kodachrome-sharp picture of American life - the psychic ups and downs, enthusiasms and reversals experienced by this nation as it moved from the somnolent 50's through the upheavals of the 60's and 70's into the uncertainties of the 80's.

1990年September25日，Michiko Kakutani，“Just 30 Years Later, Updike Has a Quartet”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


suid

豬科（Suidae）動物


suits

suit的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


silence is golden

沉默是金： 保持沉默是一種美德。

"I adore good music, I hate bad, and I despise mediocre. Silence is golden, indeed, compared with poor music."

1877, Charles Reade, The Woman Hater, ch. 21:

沉默是金： 保持沉默通常是最好的選擇。

But I have spoken long enough. There are times when silence is golden, and one of those times is at hand.

1897, Horatio Alger, Walter Sherwood's Probation, ch. 2:


Versailles

借自法語 Versailles，來自未知的拉丁語源頭（参见下方法语词条），可能源自原始印歐語 *wértti (“轉圈”)。

dictate of Versailles / Dictate of Versailles

凡尔赛条约（1919年）

凡爾賽（市政府名，位於法國）

凡尔赛条约（1919年）


Versailles

來自1970年代越南裔美國人以他們最初定居的凡爾賽軍備公寓命名了該公寓。

鄰里社區名，位於美國路易斯安那州新奧爾良


not have a leg to stand on

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-not have a leg to stand on.ogg

一般多用否定形式，但也有極少數用肯定形式的：1910，Gilbert Keith Chesterton，章號 17, in What's Wrong With The World:
It is only with great difficulty that a modem scientific sociologist can be got to see that any old method has a leg to stand on.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯） 1998年December7日，Jane Gross，“Suit Says Employer's Refusal to Pay Is Form of Bias”, in New York Times, retrieved 2014-06-18:
"Now we have a leg to stand on," said Mark G. Sokoloff, one of Ms. Saks' lawyers.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

‘You see?’ said Mrs Gowan, turning the palms of her hands towards Mr Meagles, as if she were Justice herself, representing to him that he had better confess, for he had not a leg to stand on.

1857，Charles Dickens，章號 8, in Little Dorrit，卷 2:

"But Mr. Elwell's lawyers apparently did not take your view, since I suppose the suit was withdrawn by their advice." "Oh, yes, they knew he hadn't a leg to stand on."

1910，Edith Wharton，“Afterward”, in Tales of Men and Ghosts:

If his word and image are consistently proven to be false, he doesn't have a leg to stand on.

2003年October3日，Charlie LeDuff and Dean E. Murphy，“The California Recall: Sexual Accusations Prompt an Apology By Schwarzenegger”, in New York Times:


speechlessness

'No - rather not, my dear? Well, another night,' he said, hastily translating her speechlessness.

1907，Barbara Baynton，Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton)，St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 出版於 1980，頁 233:

It was her virtue to be tall, pale, characterless and effaced by partial speechlessness.

1930，Norman Lindsay，Redheap，Sydney: Ure Smith, 出版於 1965，頁 16:


'Tec

偵探漫畫 （美國漫畫系列）

Of course, the Batman’s debut in ’Tec #27 is tame by comparison

2006，Mark Voger，The Dark Age: Grim, Great & Gimmicky Post-Modern Comics:

Batman was, of course, meant to fill the role of its traditional contrast with Detective -- if 'Tec is about crime stories, then Batman is a full-on superhero adventure

2014年August1日，Chris Sims，“Ask Chris #205: The Worst Story From The Best Writer”, in ComicsAlliance:

Couple all that with the fact that Alvaro Martinez is on art duty for this story (he’s been my favorite Tec artist since Rebirth started) and I think what you have here is a tale worth reading.

2018年February28日，Brandon Mulholand，“Detective Comics #975 review”, in Batman News:


'tec

"You're a marvel, that's wot you are," ses the 'tec, shaking his 'ead. "Have one with me."

A collection of battered churns, looking like the jars for Ali-Baba's thieves, stood at one end of the room. A 'tec could hide in one of those, thought Robin.

1963, Barbara Euphan Todd, Jill Crockford, Detective Worzel Gummidge


sord

grassy Sord

1667，John Milton，“Book XI”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:


（溫度）介於20度至29度

（年齡）介於20歲至29歲


suh

"Good-mawnin', suh," he said, lifting his cap politely.

1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I,


mayonnaiselike

more mayonnaiselike (comparative)
most mayonnaiselike (superlative)


mayonnaisey

more mayonnaisey (comparative)
most mayonnaisey (superlative)

Garnish the platter with greenery if you want. Serve the fish cold, with one of the cucumber salads (crunch is good) and a mayonnaisey sauce.

2008, Rick Moonen, Roy Finamore, Fish Without a Doubt: The Cook's Essential Companion

含有或覆蓋美乃滋／蛋黃醬的

Huge, mayonnaisey Cuban sandwiches are also available for $5 from the take-out counter […]

2006, Pauline Frommer, Pauline Frommer's New York City


swaddle

源自中古英語 swathlen (“纏繞，包裹”)，源自中古英語 swathel、swethel，源自古英語 swaþul、swæþel、sweþel、sweoþol (“襁褓”)，等同於swathe (“用布或衣服包裹住”) + -le。與中古荷蘭語 swadel (“襁褓；繃帶”)、古高地德語 swedili (“膏藥”)、古英語 sweþian、besweþian (“包裹”)同源。

swaddles (third-person singular present)
swaddling (present participle)
swaddled (past participle)


swaddle

用於包裹住嬰兒的布或衣服；襁褓

The baby is awake, trying to escape the swaddle I have imprisoned her in.

2020，Avni Doshi，Burnt Sugar，Hamish Hamilton，頁 207:


swaddling

用於包裹住嬰兒所用的衣服或布；襁褓


lie doggo

lies doggo (third-person singular present)
lying doggo (present participle)
lay doggo (past)
lain doggo (past participle)

安靜地躺著，以免被發現；靜候時機

"Do you think he's done something that we don't know about, and is lying doggo on account of the police?"

1919, W. Somerset Maugham, The Moon and Sixpence, ch. 15

... if we lay doggo where we was, Jerry might miss us ...

They had tricked and turned and doubled on their tracks and lain doggo at the right time all their lives, which their white hairs showed had not been brief; and they had done it this time too.

1946: Rebecca West, "Greenhouse with Cyclamens I," in A Train of Powder, pp. 56-7

"I will lie doggo for a bit," wrote the seventh earl of Lucan to a family friend shortly after he had murdered his children's nanny, mistaking her, in the dark, for his wife. That was ten years ago, and the earl — dead or alive — has lain doggo ever since.

1984年December17日，Craig Brown，“Lucan Everywhere”, in New York，卷 17, 期 50, →ISSN，頁 28:

We appreciate your need to lie doggo for a bit.

2006, Thomas Pynchon, Against the Day, Vintage 2007, p. 710:


lies doggo

lie doggo的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


séance

源自法語 séance。

[B]ut only too often séances degenerate into pure sorcery or necromancy, attracting all kinds of undeveloped and earth-bound entities.

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 231:


séance

源自法語 séance。

séances (third-person singular present)
séancing (present participle)
séanced (past participle)


bravissimo

'He has spoken, Sir,' replied Lowe, whose angry passions were roused by the insults of Dangerfield, and who had, for the moment, lost his customary caution.
'Ha!' cried Dangerfield, with a sort of gasp, and a violent smirk, the joyousness of which was, however, counteracted by a lurid scowl and a wonderful livid glare in his wild eyes; 'ha! he has? Bravo, Sir, bravissimo!' and he smirked wider and wider, and beat his uninjured hand upon the table, like a man applauding the denouement of a play.

1863，Sheridan Le Fanu，The House by the Churchyard:


Okinawan

more Okinawan (comparative)
most Okinawan (superlative)


sunk

He sunk beneath the cumbrous weight.


suds

源自sud的複數，sod (“泡沫”)的變體，等同於sud + -s。與seethe有關。

有時作不可數名詞（too much suds），有時作複數（too many suds）。

Mrs Durbeyfield, excited by her song, trod the rocker with all the spring that was left in her after a long day's seething in the suds.

1891，Thomas Hardy，Tess of the d'Urbervilles，卷 1, London: James R. Osgood, McIlvaine and Co.，頁 30:

We went out for some pizza and suds.

我們出去吃點披薩，喝點小酒。


suds

sudses (third-person singular present)
sudsing (present participle)
sudsed (past participle)

We sudsed the car before washing it down until it gleamed like new.

我們用肥皂塗滿全車，沖洗之後就像新的一樣閃閃發亮。


Number of the Beast

數字666，少部分認為與野獸有關。


sneaking

Then there was much mirth and banter over the swift sneakings for home of certain men carrying large portions of puarka.

1915, Charmian London, The Log of the Snark (page 108)


sneaking

more sneaking (comparative)
most sneaking (superlative)

秘密的或不正當的；不公開承認


stealthy

stealthier (comparative)
stealthiest (superlative)


cover up

covers up (third-person singular present)
covering up (present participle)
covered up (past participle)

The politician tried to cover up his involvement in the scandal.

那個政治家試圖隱藏自己參與過這件醜聞的事實。

Please cover up and go to sleep now.


hide away

hides away (third-person singular present)
hiding away (present participle)
hid away (past)
hidden away (past participle)

將一些東西儲藏或貯存至秘密地點。

‘It's rather like a beautiful Inverness cloak one has inherited. Much too good to hide away, so one wears it instead of an overcoat and pretends it's an amusing new fashion.’

1963，Margery Allingham，章號 5, in The China Governess:


tabanca

憂鬱，或單相思的苦澀心情


hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia

古希臘語 ἑξακόσιοι (hexakósioi，“六百”) + ἑξήκοντα (hexḗkonta，“六十”) + ἕξ (héx，“六”) + -phobia (“恐懼症”)。

666恐懼症（數字666在聖經中和撒旦或反基督等等有關）

You'll see “lucky” 666 in many shop windows across China, which may come as a shock to believers in the Beast and those with hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia.

2008年May6日，Deborah Aaronson with Kwan, Kevin, Luck: The Essential Guide, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OL，頁 132:

Fear of certain numbers will not help you. Just ask someone who suffers from triskaidekaphobia, tetraphobia, or hexakosioihexekontahexaphobia.

2009年November3日，Patricia Kirkman with Gleason, Katherine A., The Complete Idiot's Guide: Numerology Workbook, →ISBN, →OL:


friggatriskaidekaphobia

源自Frigga（古諾爾斯語 Frigg的一個英語變體，星期五的英語 Friday 即由此而來） + triskaideka- + -phobia。

黑色星期五（13號星期五）恐懼症

The fear of Friday the thirteenth, or friggatriskaidekaphobia, takes the thirteen superstition to a whole new level.

2012, R. W. A. Mitchell, Ask a Little-Learn a Lot: How Questions Change Everything, iUniverse (2012), ISBN 9781475933789, page 90:

Friggatriskaidekaphobia is probably the most common superstition in the United States; according to researchers, it affects 17 to 21 million people.

2013, Sara Latta, Scared Stiff: Everything You Need to Know About 50 Famous Phobias, Zest Books (2013), ISBN 9781936976492, page 186:

So I started Googling, and I found some interesting information about “friggatriskaidekaphobia.” (That's the actual term for the condition of the fear of Friday the thirteenth. […]

2013, Rachel Wise, Breaking News, Simon Spotlight (2013), ISBN 9781442489653, page 2:


tomcats

tomcat的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


tomcatted

tomcat 的過去式和過去分詞


tom cat

tomcat的另一種寫法


tom-cat

tomcat的另一種寫法


tahsil

源自印地語 तहसील (tahsīl)、烏爾都語 تحصیل。

印度和巴基斯坦的基層行政單位，類似於鄉


taille

法國大革命以前君主和領主征收的租稅

The main royal tax was the taille, a tax on landed wealth, distributed among the généralités and assessed and levied in a variety of ways, and it was supplemented by a range of other direct taxes ….

2002, Colin Jones, The Great Nation, Penguin 2003, p. 143:

代表男高音的维奥尔琴或中提琴部分


Slovene

斯洛文尼亞/斯洛維尼亞的


Slovene

斯洛文尼亞/斯洛維尼亞人


Slovene

斯洛文尼亞語/斯洛維尼亞語


tais

“泰斯”，東帝汶女性所穿的傳統衣物


otokonoko

借自日語 男(おとこ)の娘(こ) (otoko no ko，“男性女孩”)。

外表女性化的生理男性；偽娘


taklif

源自阿拉伯語 تَكْلِيف (taklīf)。


Pythonic

pythonic (alternative)
more Pythonic (comparative)
most Pythonic (superlative)

Pythonesque

Python（一門程式語言）風格的、Python 的

unpythonic

Python（一門程式語言）風格的、Python 的

Python（一門程式語言）風格的、Python 的

The Zen of Python requires almost all code to be Pythonic.

Python 之禪要求幾乎所有代碼都以Python風格編寫。

The Pythonic style isn't regimented or enforced by the compiler. It has emerged over time through experience using the language and working with others.

2015年February12日，Brett Slatkin，Effective Python，Addison-Wesley Professional, →ISBN，頁 1:

Pythonic code—when you first hear of it, you might think it is a programming paradigm, similar to object-oriented or functional programming. While some of it could be considered as such, it is actually more of a design philosophy.

2016年August31日，Fabrizio Romano，Dusty Phillips，Rick van Hattem，Python: Journey from Novice to Expert，Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN，頁 850:


talpa

源自拉丁語 talpa (“鼴鼠”)。taupe 的同源對似詞。


tamis

借自法語 tamis，源自中古法語 tamis，源自古法語 tamis，源自中世紀拉丁語 tamisium，源自古法蘭克語 *tamis、*tamusi，源自原始日耳曼語 *tamusį̄ (“篩子”)。與古高地德語 zemis（方言德語 Zims）、荷蘭語 teems (“篩子”)、西弗里斯蘭語 teams、tiems、德國低地德語 Teemse、Teems、古英語 temes、古英語 temesian (“篩，過濾”)同源。temse 的同源對似詞。


tandoor

源自印地語 तन्दूर (tandūr) / 烏爾都語 تندور (tandūr)，源自波斯語 تنور (tanūr)，源自中古波斯語 [需要文字] (tnwl /tanūr/，“烤箱，烤爐”)，源自阿卡德語 𒋾𒂟 (tinūru，“（黏土）烤箱”)。Dehkhoda 的詞典認為，這個阿卡德語詞由 tin “泥”和 nuro/nura “火”組成，在吉爾伽美什史詩中有提及，參見阿維斯陀語 tanûra、巴勒維語 tanûr。athanor 的同源對似詞。

You can cook naan in a normal oven, but the results will inevitably disappoint; even Indians generally wait to savour them in restaurants, as very few homes are equipped with a tandoor.
你可以用一般的烤箱來烤，但烤出來一定不會好吃；印度人一般都是去餐館吃，因為很少家庭裡有饢坑。

2001, Martin Hughes, World Food: India (Lonely Planet), page 53


hoop earring

耳環設計成圓形或半圓形的樣子，通常用金屬的箍製成，可以打開來穿過ear piercing。


whoreson

來自中古英語 horesone，hureson（horessone，hores sone），等同於whore + son。對照荷蘭語 hoerenzoon、德語 Hurensohn。

冒犯性用語：不合法/偷生的孩子，未婚生子（私生子）

Ah, you whoreſon loggerhead, you were borne to do me ſhame.

c. 1595–1596，W. Shakespere [i.e., 威廉·莎士比亞]，A Pleasant Conceited Comedie Called, Loues Labors Lost. […] (First Quarto)，London: […] W[illiam] W[hite] for Cut[h]bert Burby, 出版於 1598, →OCLC; 再版為 Shakspere’s Loves Labours Lost (Shakspere-Quarto Facsimiles; no. 5)，London: W[illiam] Griggs, […], [1880], →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:

Though this knave came something saucily to the world before he was sent for, yet was his mother fair, there was good sport at his making, and the whoreson must be acknowledged.

1605, William Shakespeare, King Lear I.i


Phuket

借自泰語 ภูเก็ต (puu-gèt)，源自北大年馬來語 بوكيت (bukit，“山，丘”)。

普吉府，泰國南部府名，位於普吉島上


Napoli

借自意大利語 Napoli，源自拉丁語 Neāpolis，源自古希臘語 Νεᾱ́πολῐς (Neā́polĭs)，源自νέᾱ (néā，“新”) + πόλῐς (pólĭs，“城市”)。


Jacuzzi

jacuzzi的另一種寫法 （自1960年代）


Jacuzzi

Jacuzzis (third-person singular present)
Jacuzziing (present participle)
Jacuzzied (past participle)


tans

tan的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


Eyre

簡·愛


potato chip

薯條，將馬鈴薯切成長條狀進行油炸的食物；可稱呼為chip或chipped potato，一般比美國所稱的french fries要大。

I'll take a potato chip, and eat it!

2007年December8日，“目線 [視線]”, in デスノート [死亡筆記]，spoken by 夜神月 (Brad Swaile), Ocean Productions, 經由 Adult Swim:


potato crisp

將馬鈴薯切成薄片進行油炸的食物，薯片


fish and chips

儘管美國英語多將薯條稱作fries 或 french fries，但在美國這道菜依然叫做fish and chips。

炸魚薯條，英國海岸地區的特色食品

Let's go to Sophie's by the sea; they have the most delicious fish and chips.

一起去海邊的 Sophie 家；他們家的炸魚薯條最好吃。


mashed potato

馬鈴薯煮熟後壓製成泥狀，土豆泥

1960年代的一種舞步。先是一隻腳向後，腳跟向內傾斜，稍位於另一隻腳後，隨後腳跟順著起始腳的重量向外旋轉，另一隻腳再重複上述動作。


yamberry

yam berry (alternative)
yamberries (plural)


tantara

‘Hail!’ Her clear cry echoed off the cliffs like a tantara, and was answered at once by one thrilling shout from a myriad of voices: ‘Hail!’

1978, Stephen Donaldson, The Illearth War


jacket potato

「jacket」是指烘烤後形成的堅硬外皮。


taps

tap的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


jingle bell

馬鈴，一種金屬製敲擊樂器


taqlid

源自阿拉伯語 تَقْلِيد (taqlīd，“模仿”)。

Muslims must not imagine that their sole duty was taqlid, the emulation of a jurist.

2000，Karen Armstrong，The Battle for God，Harper, 出版於 2004，頁 128:


taraf

源自印地語 तरफ़ (taraf)。

印度小地域的劃分，一般是pargana的下級。


bits and bobs

隨意分類的東西；零碎物件。


odds and ends

The garage was filled with a random assortment of odds and ends.


tarp

雖然有時被視為非正式用法，但在北美英語中基本代替了tarpaulin。

{Gun pointing at head} Sorry, Quigley, but you had your chance to cooperate. / Bob, straighten the tarp, we don’t want the rug splattered.

1986, Paul Chadwick, Concrete: Under the Desert Stars, Dark Horse Books


tarp

tarps (third-person singular present)
tarping (present participle)
tarped (past participle)

The load may be tarped for serious white water, but tarped or not, everything should be tied securely in case of capsize.

2001, Verne Huser, River Running: Canoeing, Kayaking, Rowing, Rafting, page 136


Tutsi

居住在盧安達和蒲隆地的族群。


ligiid

潮蟲亞目海蟑螂科（Ligiidae）生物。


white ant

來自white + ant，外表看起來像是螞蟻。

虽然称作 white ant，且外观和行为都相似，但白蚁不是蚂蚁。科学上一般用termite称呼白蚁。

The most important point in the work of the white ant remains to be noted. I have already said that the white ant is never seen.

1885 October, Henry Drummond, The White Ant: A Theory, Popular Science Monthly, page 741,

The most voracious cable-muncher in the tropical and sub-tropical parts of Australia is the termite, or white ant, which eats through both lead and polythene sheathings.

1971 June 3, Technology Review: Spoiling the termite′s dinner, New Scientist, page 573,

Mr. Deputy Speaker, Sir, I am happy to hear that the hon. Member appreciates the fact that white ants cause a lot [of] destruction in his area. There is very little we can do about white ants.

1990 December 13, Kenya National Assembly Official Record (Hansard), page D.3,

White ants destroy living plants by removing the epidermal layers, effectively ‘ringbarking’ the subject.

1995, Bill Sheat, Gerald Schofield, Complete Gardening in Southern Africa, page 424,

Our house was built on a hard ferruginous conglomerate, in order to be out of the way of the white ant, but they came in despite the precaution; […] .

2010, David Livingstone, 15: Conversations on Rain-Making, Roy Richard Grinker, Stephen C. Lubkemann, Christopher B. Steiner (editors), Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History and Representation, page 246,


agony aunt

在報紙或其他期刊的問答專欄作家。

一些提供諮商與解答個人問題的專欄。


advice column

agony column

報紙的問答專欄（通常以匿名讀者前來諮商為主）。

報紙的問答專欄（通常以匿名讀者前來諮商為主）。


advice columnist

一些定期在報紙上寫問答專欄的作者

The columns consist of letters from men and women with problems, followed by brief answers from the advice columnist. The letters are often filled with emotion.

1984, Hilarie N. Staton, Think and Write, Good Year Books (ISBN 9780673180285), page 115:

Ann Landers, who sometimes wrote her columns from her bathtub, called herself “the general manager of the world,” which pretty much describes the types of questions an advice columnist might be called upon to answer.

2006, Alecia T. Devantier, Carol A. Turkington, Extraordinary Jobs in Media, Infobase Publishing (ISBN 9781438111773), page 1:

Margaret Maron, author of Winter's Child "A really plummy mystery, flawlessly plotted, that I especially loved because the heroine is an advice columnist — and a good one!"

2007, Roberta Isleib, Deadly Advice, Penguin (ISBN 9780425214749)

Readers, at least contemporary ones, are aware that writing to an advice columnist is an odd place to turn for help. They didn't doubt, however, that people still wrote to advice columns.

2017, David Gudelunas, Confidential to America: Newspaper Advice Columns and Sexual Education, Routledge (ISBN 9781351298506)


garbage can

這片語最早是指大型金屬容器（尤其指桶形容器），不過現在和其他裝垃圾的容器詞可以互換。


junk food

The episode begins with a lifetime of junk food, beer and no exercise catching up with Homer in the form of painful heart contractions.

2012年June17日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Homer’s Triple Bypass” (season 4, episode 11; originally aired 12/17/1992)”, in The Onion AV Club:

Junk foods and fast foods such as pizzas, hot dogs, doughnuts, cookies, cakes, and so on increase inflammation, promote insulin resistance, and increase the risk of diabetes and obesity.

2018，Timothy R. Jennings，The Aging Brain, →ISBN，頁 82:


take out

takes out (third-person singular present)
taking out (present participle)
took out (past)
taken out (past participle)

Thanks to that penny he had just spent so recklessly [on a newspaper] he would pass a happy hour, taken, for once, out of his anxious, despondent, miserable self. It irritated him shrewdly to know that these moments of respite from carking care would not be shared with his poor wife, with careworn, troubled Ellen.

1913，Mrs. [Marie] Belloc Lowndes，章號 I, in The Lodger，London: Methuen, →OCLC; republished in Novels of Mystery: The Lodger; The Story of Ivy; What Really Happened，New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and Co., […], [1933], →OCLC，頁 10:

At the same time, three sets of obsolete angle point protectors (used for slip connections), which were considered unsatisfactory, were taken out and several redundant connections removed.

1962 October，“Talking of Trains: Liverpool Street layout remodelled”, in Modern Railways，頁 222:

In France, 27% of voters are currently backing the Front National, a party determined to take the country out of the Paris accord, which it sees as “a communist project”.

2017年February20日，Paul Mason，“Climate scepticism is a far-right badge of honour – even in sweltering Australia”, in The Guardian:

Let me take you out for dinner.

I don't know if he's close by. He's unarmed, though. He lost his gun when I took him out.

我不知道他是否在附近。雖然他沒拿槍。我制服他的時候，他把槍弄丟了。

2007，Julia Spencer-Fleming，In the Bleak Midwinter (fiction), →ISBN:

I tore right through it and took him to the ground and knocked him out cold, "Ralph, oh your going to pay for that." he said and he started fighting me which he was good but not good enough and I took him out in no time.

2011，Steven Wood，The Dragon Girl: the Beginning (fiction)，頁 110:

"Heard a rumor you took out Mr. Hassel." He mimes a punch.

2015，Sean Rodman，Tap Out (fiction)，頁 56:

The soldiers were instructed to take out the enemy base by any means necessary.

士兵被要求以一切必要方式摧毀敵軍基地。

Anyway, one of the snipers took him out.

2003，Jeff Kaye，Two Faces Have I (fiction)，頁 414:

Boss told me when the guy was done, I should take him out.

2008年July14日，Christopher Nolan & Jonathan Nolan，The Dark Knight，spoken by Happy (William Smillie), Warner Bros. Pictures, DC Comics, Legendary Pictures:

Before he could get a shot off, Wilder took him out with two shots to the chest, just as Roderick took out the third shooter.

2011，Brett Spencer，Two Standing (fiction)，頁 84:

通過法律或其他官方手段獲取

take out a loan;  take out medical insurance;  take out a membership;  take out a patent

獲得貸款；獲得醫療保險；取得成員資格；取得專利

Southwark council, which took out the injunction against Matt, believes YouTube has become the "new playground" for gang members.

2012年April19日，Josh Halliday，“Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, in The Guardian:


takeout

源自動詞短語 take out。


takeout

源自動詞短語 take out。

將另一球擊打出得分範圍的冰壺球

Takeouts on important running topics in the news are one way to add a valuable dimension to the evening news. One consequence, however, has been that there are fewer minutes available on the broadcast for hard news out of Washington.

1994, Penn Kimball, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, Downsizing the news: network cutbacks in the nation's capital (page 19)


privileges

privilege的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


trash bag

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-trash bag.wav

The road was full of trash bags awaiting the arrival of the garbage men.

路上堆滿了垃圾袋，等待著垃圾工人的到來。


garbage bag

The road was full of garbage bags awaiting the arrival of the trash men.

路上堆滿了垃圾袋，等待著垃圾工人的到來。


masala

源自印地語 मसाला (masālā) / 烏爾都語 مسالا (masālā，“香料”)，源自波斯語 مصالح (masâlih，“事情，材料，香料”)，مصلحت (maslahat，“事情，政策，最應該做的事”)的複數，源自阿拉伯語，派生自صَلَحَ (ṣalaḥa，“合適，好，可用”)。

瑪莎拉，印度菜中的混合香料

When she cooked, she reached out for bottles and masalas without glancing up.

她做飯的時候，不用抬頭就伸手拿裝瑪莎拉的瓶子。

2020，Avni Doshi，Burnt Sugar，Hamish Hamilton，頁 3:


tasse

源自中古英語 tasse、tache，源自古法語 tasse、tasche (“袋”)，源自古法蘭克語 *taska (“袋”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *taskǭ。與古高地德語 tasca (“袋”)、德語 Tasche (“口袋，袋”)同源。

This included the head-piece and gorgett, the back and breast, with skirts of iron called tasses or tassets covering the thighs, as may be seen in the figures, representing the exercise of the pike, published anno 1622, by the title of the Military Art of Training; the same kind of armour was worn by the harquebusiers.

1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 21:


tatu

tattoo (“文身”)的古旧形式。


tatu

tatus (third-person singular present)
tatuing (present participle)
tatued (past participle)

tattoo (“文身”)的古旧形式。


tatu

tatou (“大犰狳”)的另一種寫法


tatou

源自古圖皮語 tatu (“犰狳”)，可能通過法語。對比tatouay。


taula

源自加泰羅尼亞語 taula (“桌”)。table 的同源對似詞。


tinder

源自中古英語 tinder、tunder、tender、tonder，源自古英語 tynder，源自原始日耳曼語 *tundrą、*tundrǭ (“火絨”)。對比薩特弗里斯蘭語 Tunder (“火絨”)、荷蘭語 tonder (“火絨”)、德語 zünden (“點燃”)、瑞典語 tända (“照亮，點燃”)。參見tind。


tinder

tinders (third-person singular present)
tindering (present participle)
tindered (past participle)


taw

源自中古英語 tawen，源自古英語 tawian (“做，製作”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *tawjaną (“製作，準備”)，源自原始印歐語 *dewh₂- (“繫”)。
與荷蘭語 touwen (“繫，拴”)、荷蘭語 tuien (“用繩子繫”)、德語 Tau (“繩，索，攬”)、哥特語 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan，“製作，準備”)同源。與tool、tether有關。

taws (third-person singular present)
tawing (present participle)
tawed (past participle)

用明礬、鹽和其他配料等浸泡獸皮，以漂白和軟化 把獸皮製成皮革，通常要浸泡在特定的溶液中


taw

Near the timberyard a squatted child at marbles, alone, shooting the taw with a cunnythumb.


taw

閃米特字母表的第22個字母（taw）


all the way to Egery and back

漫長的道路；迂迴的路線；長距離的旅行


tenrec

源自法語 tanrec，源自馬拉加斯語 tàndraka / trandraka，18世紀引入英語。


Paralympic Games

Paralympiad

殘疾人奧林匹克運動會，帕拉林匹克運動會

Paralympics

殘疾人奧林匹克運動會，帕拉林匹克運動會

殘疾人奧林匹克運動會，帕拉林匹克運動會


tittle-tattle

Every idle Tittle-tattle that went about, Jack was always suspected for the author of it.

不管是怎樣的閒話，傑克都總能知道是誰說的。

1712，John Arbuthnot，章號 XI, in Law is a Bottomless Pit: Or, the History of John Bull，London，頁 136:

If I can once extirpate the race of solid and substantial humdrums, I hope by my wholesome and repeated advices, quickly to reduce the insignificant tittle-tattles and matter-of-fact-men that abound in every quarter of this great city.

1777，The Tatler; Or, Lucubrations of Isaac Bickerstaff, Esq，卷 4, Dublin: W. Whitestone, W. Watson, J. Williams, W. Wilson, 根據Richard SteeleThe Tatler n° 268 (1710)改編的edition，頁 324:


tittle-tattle

tittle-tattles (third-person singular present)
tittle-tattling (present participle)
tittle-tattled (past participle)


squabble

起於17世紀初，可能源自北日耳曼語支，與瑞典語方言詞 skvabbel (“爭吵，流言”)、skvappa (“批評，訓斥”)、挪威語方言詞 skvabba (“閒扯”)、德語方言詞 schwabbeln (“嘮叨”)有關。

The children got into a squabble about who should ride in the front of the car.

孩子們為誰坐在車前面吵了起來。


squabble

squabbles (third-person singular present)
squabbling (present participle)
squabbled (past participle)

The brothers were always squabbling with each other.

The sense of these propositions is very plain, though logicians might squabble a whole day whether they should rank them under negative or affirmative.


translation studies

由美國的詩人, 翻譯家 and 翻譯學者James S. Holmes在1972年造出，首次見於其論文“The name and nature of translation studies”。


telt

源自中古英語 telt，中古英語 tellen的方言第一、第三人稱單數過去直陳式，等同於tell + -t。

tell 的過去式和過去分詞


chengguan

来自官話 城管 (chéngguǎn)，城市管理部門 (chéngshì guǎnlǐ bùmén)的简称。


tins

tin的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


tendu

源自法語 tendu (“拉緊的，伸出的”)。

“五位擦地”，芭蕾舞的一個動作，一隻腳向外伸展，腳跟離地，腳尖點地


ground beetle

步行蟲科（Carabidae）甲蟲。

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见ground、beetle。


terve

源自中古英語 terven、tervien，源自古英語 *tyrfian (“扔下，落下”)（用於ġetyrfan、ġetyrfian (“攻擊，投擲”)、ġetorfian (“扔石頭”)），源自原始日耳曼語 *tirbijaną、*tarbijaną (“旋轉，扔”)，源自原始印歐語 *derbʰ- (“纏繞，旋轉”)。與古高地德語 zerben (“旋轉”)同源。中古英語中見於overterven、toppe overterve > topsytervy > topsyturvy。對比tervy、tirfe。

terves (third-person singular present)
terving (present participle)
terved (past participle)


teary

源自中古英語 tery；等同於tear + -y。

tearier (comparative)
teariest (superlative)

No wonder Ryan was teary; he missed his parents.

難怪瑞安之前在哭；他想念父母了。

Wade looked into his girlfriend's teary eyes.

韋德看著他女朋友哭泣的雙眼。


pudding bowl

pudding bowls (plural)
pudding-bowl (alternative)


motocross

源自法語 moto）（源自motocyclette (“摩托車”)） + 英語 cross-country。也可解作motorcycle + -cross。


canola

芥花籽，歐洲油菜（Brassica napus）及野芥（Brassica rapa）的一類栽培品種，其芥酸和芥子油苷的含量比傳統油菜要低。

The approach taken in this study was to compare the risk management costs of wheat to that of two non-cwb-marketed Canadian grains: flax and canola.

1998, Phillip Thomas, U.S. Agricultural Trade: Canadian Wheat Issues

The carbohydrate component of canola meal accounts for about one third of the meal . . .

1997, Ronald R. Marquardt, Zhengkang Han, Enzymes in Poultry and Swine Nutrition: proceedings of the first Chinese Symposium on Feed

For a salad dressing use olive or canola oil with lemon or vinegar and herb seasonings

至於沙拉的拌料，則用橄欖油或芥花籽油，配上檸檬或者醋，以及其他香草料

2003，Jack LaLanne，Revitalize Your Life: Improve Your Looks, Your Health & Your Sex Life:


there is

當名詞短語多於一個時，動詞時態隨第一個名詞短語而變化。There is a swing and a seesaw for kids.
這裡有兒童用的鞦韆和蹺蹺板。

there be的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式，用於表示事物的存在；參見there are。

There is a man here to see you.

There is a flaw in your argument.

Data: For any event, there is an infinite number of possible outcomes. Our choices determine which outcome will follow.

1993 November 27, Gene Roddenberry et al., “Parallels”, Star Trek: The Next Generation, season 7, episode 11, Paramount Pictures:


there are

當名詞短語多於一個時，動詞時態隨第一個名詞短語而變化。There is a swing and a seesaw for kids.

there be 的第三人稱複數現在時直陳式，參見there is。

There are three zeros in “1000”.

“1000”裡面有三個0。


thistle

源自中古英語 thistel，源自古英語 þistel，源自原始日耳曼語 *þistilaz。*þīh- 源自 *teyg-，原始印歐語 *(s)teyg- (“扎，刺”)的變體；與英語 stick來自同一原始印歐語詞根。與低地蘇格蘭語 thrissel、德語 Distel、荷蘭語 distel、冰島語 þistill等同源。

薊（Cirsium, Carduus, Cynara, Onopordum）
作為蘇格蘭的國花、國家象征

Thorns also and thistles shall it bring forth to thee; and thou shalt eat the herb of the field ….

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC:
 Genesis 3:18:

薊（Cirsium, Carduus, Cynara, Onopordum）
作為寓意物

薊花勳章，或擁有薊花勳章的人

Here's a passage which will please you: ‘It is said that when rich he twice refused the thistle.’

1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia, Faber & Faber 1992 (Avignon Quintet), p. 324:


mainlander

中國大陸人（與香港、澳門、臺灣人相對）

歐洲本土人（與英倫三島人相對）


Mainlander

mainlander (“中國大陸人”)的大小寫替代形式


throughout

And though a philosopher may live remote from business, the genius of philosophy, if carefully cultivated by several, must gradually diffuse itself throughout the whole society.

1748, David Hume. Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral. London: Oxford University Press, 1973, §5:

“My father had ideas about conservation long before the United States took it up.[…]You preserve water in times of flood and freshet to be used for power or for irrigation throughout the year.[…]”

“我的父親早在美國政府採取措施之前，已經有了保護的想法。 […] 你在洪水期間儲水，這樣一整年都可以用來灌溉。 […]”

1913，Robert Barr，章號 4, in Lord Stranleigh Abroad:

But through the oligopoly, charcoal fuel proliferated throughout London's trades and industries. By the 1200s, brewers and bakers, tilemakers, glassblowers, pottery producers, and a range of other craftsmen all became hour-to-hour consumers of charcoal.

但通過壟斷經營，木炭燃料的使用很快就傳遍倫敦的各類買賣和產業。到1200年代，無論是釀啤酒師還是麵包師傅，無論是製瓦匠還是吹玻璃匠，抑或是製陶工人還是其他產業的手藝人，都開始日夜不停地用起了木炭。

2006，Edwin Black，章號 2, in Internal Combustion:


throughout

Chelsea's youngsters, who looked lively throughout, then combined for the second goal in the seventh minute. Romeu's shot was saved by Wolves goalkeeper Dorus De Vries but Piazon kept the ball alive and turned it back for an unmarked Bertrand to blast home.


amidst

amids + -t (無實義)，源自amid + -s (屬格)；等同於amid + -st (無實義)。詞根amid源自中古英語 amidde、amiddes、on midden，源自古英語 on middan (“在中間”)，源自midd (“中間的”)（→mid）。

和其他帶有無實義後綴 -st 的詞一樣，一般認為 amidst 和 amid 同義，英國和北美英語都更傾向於使用 amid，不過 amidst 在英國英語中比在美國英語中更常用。。
amidst/amid 和 amongst/among 意思相近，但有不同。Amid(st) 表示“在……之中”，“被圍繞”，且其他的東西並不突出。 Among(st) 則表示與其他東西混合在。
有些使用者認為 amidst 是 amid 的廢詞形。

Be a philosopher ; but amidst all your philosophy, be still a man.

1748. David Hume. Enquiries Concerning the Human Understanding and Concerning the Principles of Morals. London: Oxford University Press, 1973. § 4.

Not so, however, with Tarzan, the man-child. His life amidst the dangers of the jungle had taught him to meet emergencies with self-confidence, and his higher intelligence resulted in a quickness of mental action far beyond the powers of the apes.

1912年，埃德加·赖斯·巴勒斯，人猿泰山，第5章


amongst

amongs + -t (無實義)，源自among + -s (屬格)；等同於among + -st (無實義)。詞根among來自古英語 ongemang，on (“在……的裡面”) + gemang (“集聚，混合”)。

Janek feels very at ease amongst his friends, but gets incredibly nervous when meeting new people.

Janek 感覺和他的朋友在一起十分自在，但他見陌生人時就會很緊張。


jetski

jet ski (alternative)
jetskis (third-person singular present)
jetskiing (present participle)
jetskied (past participle)


get along

gets along (third-person singular present)
getting along (present participle)
got along (past)
got along
gotten along

I wish the kids would get along better.

我希望孩子們能好好相處。

She never did get along with her brother.

她和兄弟關係就沒有好過。

She didn’t have a lot of money, but she had enough to get along.

她錢不多，但也足夠勉強過活。

Driver, get along there.


tilak

源自梵語 तिलक (tilaka)。

I wore these spots of shine and silver like tilaks, the marks of colour that we Hindus wear on our foreheads as symbols of the divine.

我貼上這些像吉祥記一樣閃光銀色的點，我們印度教徒會在額頭上貼上這種代表神明符號的標誌。

He dressed in a dhoti, had a wispy white beard that trailed down to his waist, and regularly smeared across his forehead a tilaka, a pitchfork-shaped design that signifies enlightenment.

2012, Jake Halpern, "The Secret of the Temple", The New Yorker, 30 Apr 2012:


achieves

achieve的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


tik

This Tuesday Special Assignment focuses on a deepening crisis in Cape Town. Many young adults and schoolchildren as young as 10 years are in the grip of a powerful drug called crystal methamphetamine – known locally as tik. It’s been on the fringes for several years but it is now catching on fast among the youth of the Western Cape.

2004年June8日，“On the Tik-Tik express”, in SABC News，存檔自the original on 2006-06-02:

Over a third of all people seeking rehabilitation in the second half of 2005 reported that their primary problem was tik.

2005年下半年尋求戒毒的人群中，超過三分之一的人稱自己主要的問題是吸食冰毒。

Hardly a week goes by without news of a crime bust of some kind involving one of the buses travelling cross-country, with everything from mandrax to tik, marijuana and abalone finding its way on board.

2020年October10日，Mike Simpson，“More seizures of drug consignments on long-distance buses”, in The South African:


ice cream cone

ice-cream cone (alternative)
ice cream cones (plural)


sweet corn

甜玉米（人類食用的玉米，與作飼料的玉米相對）


puffed rice

將米膨化製成；經過高溫烘烤和加壓製成的大米。

用米製成的加工早餐穀物食品。


manufactured

more manufactured (comparative)
most manufactured (superlative)

人工/人造；由人類製造的非自然產物


anal sex

It is a common misconception that anal intercourse is an exclusively homosexual male practice. […] As elsewhere in Africa, little data exist on the role of anal sex in HIV acquisition in women in the general population […]
#*:: 大眾常有的一種誤解是，肛交是男同性戀的專有行為。 […] 和非洲的其他地方一樣，女性因肛交感染HIV的記錄在人群中相當的少 […]

2010, S. S. Abdool Karim, Q. Abdool Karim, HIV/AIDS in South Africa (page 299)


tinter

一種特殊的幻燈片，與幻燈鏡搭配使用，產生月光等的效果


tipula

與拉丁語 tippula (“水蛛”)有關。

大蚊屬（Tipula）昆蟲


breakfast cereal

דגני בוקר

דִּגְנֵי בֹּקֶר


slur

來自中古英語 sloor (“稀泥”)。與中古低地德語 sluren (“走在泥裡”)同源。與方言挪威語 sløra (“草率，不上心”)、丹麥語 sløre (“搖晃，鬆垮”)有關；對比古諾爾斯語 slóðra (“慢吞吞地走”)。

a racial slur

同類詞：tie


slur

slurs (third-person singular present)
slurring (present participle)
slurred (past participle)

to slur syllables;  He slurs his speech when he is drunk.

音節發音不清楚；他喝醉的時候說話含糊不清

Manganism has been known about since the 19th century, when miners exposed to ores containing manganese, a silvery metal, began to totter, slur their speech and behave like someone inebriated.

2014年April21日，“Subtle effects”, in The Economist，卷 411, 期 8884:

Notes , the stems of which are joined together by cross lines, as in united quavers , semiquavers , & c . or notes over the heads of which a curve is drawn, to signify that they are to be slurred

1817, Thomas Busby, A Dictionary of Music, Theoretical and Practical


tish

借自意第緒語 טיש (tish，“桌”)。desk、dais、disc、dish和discus 的同源對似詞。

宗教場合的宴會（如安息日）

YPC's most popular activity has been the monthly Shabbat tish, which turns a Friday evening dinner into a Shabbat experience.

1974, Conservative Judaism, Vol. 28, issues 3-29, p. 78:


severe acute respiratory syndrome

severe acute respiratory syndromes (plural)

(b) Severe acute respiratory syndromes, which are diseases that are associated with fever and signs and symptoms of pneumonia or other respiratory illness, are capable of being transmitted from person to person, and that either are causing, or have the potential to cause, a pandemic, or, upon infection, are highly likely to cause mortality or serious morbidity if not properly controlled.

2014年July31日，Barack Obama，“Executive Order—Revised List of Quarantinable Communicable Diseases”, in https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/，Office of the Press Secretary, The White House:


norfloxacin

諾氟沙星（治療腸炎、痢疾的藥物）


take a wife

takes a wife (third-person singular present)
taking a wife (present participle)
took a wife (past)
taken a wife (past participle)


deliverable

more deliverable (comparative)
most deliverable (superlative)

/dɪˈlɪvɹəbəɫ/

The packages were not deliverable because the roads had flooded out.

因為道路被水沖毀，這些包裹無法派送。

In any of our worlds, if we went out to consult on options that weren't deliverable, we would rightly be heavily criticised for wasting people's time.

2021年May5日，Philip Haigh，“I think we need better than this from the rail industry”, in RAIL，期 930，頁 50:


deliverable

/dɪˈlɪvɹəbəɫ/

Due to inclement weather, we will be unable to provide our deliverables.

由於惡劣天氣，我們無法交付產品。

We packaged the deliverable, a program called FLOOD.EXE, in an installer file.

我們將交付的產品，一個叫FLOOD.EXE的程式，打包進安裝文件裡。


set free

sets free (third-person singular present)
setting free (present participle)
set free (past participle)

"Well, you can tell Nan that she won't marry Peter Mallory with my consent. I'll never set her free to be another man's wife."

1921, Margaret Pedler, The Moon Out Of Reach, ch. 36:


used up

use up 的過去式和過去分詞


used up

more used up (comparative)
most used up (superlative)

筋疲力盡的；耗盡的，枯竭的

That used up old man is no good in a fight.

那個筋疲力盡的老頭根本不擅長戰鬥。

1840, A chant opposing then-presidential candidate Martin Van Buren: "And with them we'll beat Van, Van, Van/Van is a used up man".

2001, The Garland Encyclopedia of World Music: North America. Garland Publishing. Ellen Koskoff (Ed.). Pg. 304.


tori

表皮角質層的增厚，出現在經常摩擦的地方（如狗的腳掌）


tori

借自日語 取り，源自取る (toru，“取，拿”)。


ended

end 的過去式和過去分詞


worn out

more worn out (comparative)
most worn out (superlative)

That old tractor is worn out.

那個舊拖拉機已經破爛不堪了。

That concertina was a wonder in its way. The handles that was on it first was wore out long ago, and he'd made new ones of braided rope yarn. And the bellows was patched in more places than a cranberry picker's overalls.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 8, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

I was worn out after all that work.

幹完那項工作，我已經筋疲力盡。

That game was fun, but now I'm all worn out.

那個遊戲很好玩，但是現在我已經玩累了。


worn out

He has worn out his shoes.


turn over

turns over (third-person singular present)
turning over (present participle)
turned over (past participle)

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见turn、over。

Turn over the box and look at the bottom.

把盒子翻轉過來，看看它的底部。

They turned over the evidence to the authorities.

But what is to be done with our manufacturing population […] This one thing, of doing for them by ‘underselling all people,’ and filling our own bursten pockets and appetites by the road; and turning over all care for any ‘population,’ or human or divine consideration except cash only, to the winds, with a “Laissez-faire” and the rest of it: this is evidently not the thing.

1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 3, ch. IX, Working Aristocracy

They can turn over about three hundred units per hour.

他們每小時能完成三百個單元。

The business turned over £1m last year.

去年這項生意產生了100萬英鎊的利潤。

Thus they dwelled for nearly a year, and in that time Robin Hood often turned over in his mind many means of making an even score with the Sheriff

1883, Howard Pyle, The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood Chapter V

通過手柄旋轉內燃機引擎的曲軸，以使其運轉

The Giants didn't turn the ball over in their last four games.

在最後四場比賽中，巨人隊都沒有放棄控球。

I've turned over the whole place, but I still can't find my glasses.

我翻遍了整塊地方，都沒能找到我的眼鏡。

Thieves turned over the apartment while the owners were away on holiday.

趁著房主度假，竊賊們翻亂了整個公寓。


flip over

flips over (third-person singular present)
flipping over (present participle)
flipped over (past participle)

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见flip、over。


turn upside down

turn upside-down (alternative)
turns upside down (third-person singular present)
turning upside down (present participle)
turned upside down (past participle)

Turn the box upside down and look at the bottom.

把盒子翻轉過來，看看它的底部。

They turned the house upside down looking for the car keys.

他們翻遍了整間屋子來找車鑰匙。


upside down

早期up so down的變體，源自中古英語 up-so-doun、upsedowne、upsadowne (“翻轉，顛倒”)，等同於up + so + down。

The Union flag was flying upside down, a sign of danger.

英國國旗上下顛倒地掛著，這是危險的信號。

For, suddenly, I saw you there / And through foggy London town / The sun was shining upside down!

1937，“A Foggy Day (In London Town)”, Ira Gershwin 作詞, George Gershwin 作曲:

The thief had turned the room upside down.


upside down

The pattern resembled an upside down letter W.

這個圖案像顛倒的字母W。

The wenches and the men have been on the streets all day, and the kitchen is upside down. You never saw the like.

1901, Amelia Edith Huddleston Barr, The lion's whelp: a story of Cromwell's time (page 248)

He's upside down on his mortgage.


Angkor

源自高棉語 អង្គរ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkɔɔ，“都城”)，源自梵語 नगर (nagara，“城市”)。negara 的同源對似詞。

吳哥，地區名，位於柬埔寨，古高棉帝國的都城。


Angkor Wat

源自高棉語 អង្គរវត្ត (ʼɑɑngkɔɔvŏət，“廟宇之城”)，អង្គរ (ʼɑɑʼɑngkɔɔ，“都城”) + វត្ត (vɔɔvŭəttɑɑ，“廟”)，源自梵語 नगर + वाट (nagara + vāṭa，“城市 + 圍場”)。

/ˈɑŋ.kɔɹ ˈwɑt/


sharpened

a sharpened pencil

a sharpened knife


sharpened

sharpen 的過去式和過去分詞


sharpen

源自中古英語 scharpenen、scharpnen，等同於sharp + -en。

sharpens (third-person singular present)
sharpening (present participle)
sharpened (past participle)

削尖，磨鋒利； 加強，加重

to sharpen a pencil or a knife or a musical note

The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives.[…]who, if anyone, is policing their use. Such concerns were sharpened further by the continuing revelations about how the US National Security Agency (NSA) has been using algorithms to help it interpret the colossal amounts of data it has collected from its covert dragnet of international telecommunications.

2013年July26日，Leo Hickman，“How algorithms rule the world”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 7，頁 26:


sharpener

/ˈʃɑː(ɹ)pənə(ɹ)/

There was a pencil sharpener at the front of the classroom.

“Sir,” said the shepherd, “poverty is a great sharpener of the wits. […]

1795, Hannah More, The Shepherd of Salisbury Plain

The snuff-box, knife, and chicken-bones were again in requisition, and a pen was successfully formed. The ink, or at least its substitute, was rather more difficult, but necessity is always a sharpener of intellect, and even this was accomplished.

1872, Chambers's miscellany of instructive & entertaining tracts


adaptogenic

more adaptogenic (comparative)
most adaptogenic (superlative)


sea cucumber

源自sea + cucumber，因其外表類似黃瓜。本詞最早出現於19世紀，《牛津英語詞典》認為是仿譯自法語 concombre de mer。


Primorsky Krai

來自俄語 Примо́рский край (Primórskij kraj，字面意思是“沿海地區”)。

Primorye

濱海邊疆區（區名，位於俄羅斯東南端）

濱海邊疆區（區名，位於俄羅斯東南端）


krai

源自俄語 край (kraj，“省，州；邊緣”)。

邊疆區（俄羅斯省級行政區劃）


tote

可能源自中古低地德語 tûte、tǖte (“獸角，圓錐形紙袋”)，參見德語 Tüte (“袋”)。源頭不明。

一種用於運輸貨物的塑料盒

They can be used for palleted bags, totes, or bales and can also be used to transport large logs.

2012, Chittaranjan Kole, Chandrashekhar P. Joshi, David R. Shonnard, Handbook of Bioenergy Crop Plants (page 129)


tote

totes (third-person singular present)
toting (present participle)
toted (past participle)

In stretches, this new Apes is an audacious, idiosyncratic piece of blockbuster filmmaking: a mix of Pixar, revenge Westerns, and Apocalypse Now, told almost entirely from the point-of-view of a posse of gun-toting, super-evolved apes as they roam the snowy Sierra Nevada foothills of the post-apocalyptic future, accompanied by a mute human girl, and bear witness to the strange cruelty of man.

2017年July7日，Ignatiy Vishnevetsky，“The ambitious War For The Planet Of The Apes ends up surrendering to formula”, in The Onion AV Club:

We toted in the wood and got the fire going nice and comfortable. Lord James still set in one of the chairs and Applegate had cabbaged the other and was hugging the stove.

It took ten pallbearers to carry her coffin. There was a picture of them toting it in one of the tabloids.


tote

total之簡寫， + e，以與 tot 作區分。


tote

He was a humorist of note and keen at repartee,

1892, Banjo Paterson, The Man from Ironbark


murva

源自梵語 मूर्वा (mūrvā)。


deflowers

deflower的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deflowered

deflower 的過去式和過去分詞


traduce

源自拉丁語 trādūcō (“玷辱”)，源自trāns + dūcō (“領導，帶領”)。

traduces (third-person singular present)
traducing (present participle)
traduced (past participle)

“I am earnestly desirous then, my dear Sir, that you should let the world into the traits of your genuine character, as civil broils may otherwise tend to disguise or traduce it.

1793，Benjamin Franklin，The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, §33:

However therefore this complexion was first acquired, it is evidently maintained by generation, and by the tincture of the skin as a spermatical part traduced from father unto son ….

1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, X:

From Davenant down to Dumas, from the Englishman who improved Macbaeth to the Frenchman who traduced into the French of Paris four acts of Hamlet, and added a new fifth act of his own, Shakespeare has been disturbed in a way he little thought of when he menacingly provided for the repose of his bones.

1865, "The Last of the Tercentenary", Temple Bar, vol. XIII, Mar 1865:


trade union

trade unions (plural)
trades unions (plural)

在部分地區（如英國）的官方用法中，trade union 的複數 trade unions 表示同一領域的不同工會：

The train drivers were divided between two trade unions.
火車司機分屬兩個工會。

There are hundreds of trades unions in England.
英格蘭有數百個工會。

When the first wave of postwar immigrants arrived in Britain in the 1950s and ’60s, it was a period of rising wages, full employment, an expanding welfare state and strong trade unions. Today, Britain’s manufacturing base has all but disappeared, working-class communities have disintegrated, unions have been neutered and the welfare state has begun to crumble.

2013年September28日，Kenan Malik，“London Is Special, but Not That Special”, in New York Times:

labor union (加拿大、美國)


rumors

rumor的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


jackets

jacket的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


crocodiles

crocodile的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


lasted

last 的過去式和過去分詞


rises

rise的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


enters

enter的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


pours

pour的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


poured

pour 的過去式和過去分詞


sewed

sew 的過去式和過去分詞


gambles

gamble的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


reaches

reach的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


reached

reach 的過去式和過去分詞


acquires

acquire的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


wrestler

it isn't easy to avoid all the wrestler's holds.

2005, Plato, Sophist. Translation by Lesley Brown. 231c.


trahison

That this trahison would take a partly “multicultural” form was also something that was slowly ceasing to surprise me.

2010, Christopher Hitchens, Hitch-22, Atlantic 2010, p. 270:


tranche

借自法語 tranche，源自trancher (“切”)，源自古法語 trenchier (“切”)，可能源自通俗拉丁語 *trinicāre (“切成三份”)。與英語 trench同源。


tranche

tranches (third-person singular present)
tranching (present participle)
tranched (past participle)


-ally

繼承自中古英語 -ally、-alliche，等價於-al (形容詞後綴) + -ly (副詞後綴)的組合。

應區分三種情況：-ic 中的形容詞，如 basic，其派生的副詞帶後綴 -ally。 -ical 中的形容詞，如 whimsical，帶後綴 -ly -al 中的其他形容詞，如 original，帶後綴 -ly。 1 和 2 通常發音為 /-ɪkli/，而 3 往往有一個額外的音節，如 originally：/əˈɹɪdʒɪnəli/。

-ic 中的形容詞在 -ally 中形成副詞的規則的主要例外是 public，其中 publicly 比 publically更常見。

-ly (副詞後綴)的另一種寫法，用於-ic結尾的形容詞。


stir-fry

stir-fries (third-person singular present)
stir-frying (present participle)
stir-fried (past participle)

炒，用鐵鍋或平底鍋的料理方式。


salt beef

來自中古英語 salt bef、salt beof，與salt + beef相同。對照salt pork。


corned beef

(典獄長)： chief的押韻俚語。

Steve and I raced for the building and began climbing the wall, before any of the screws knew what was happening. […] The Corned Beef came out first and initiated the ploy to get us down.

1999, Alex Alexandrowicz, David Wilson, The Longest Injustice: The Strange Story of Alex Alexandrowicz


trembler

嘲鶇科（Mimidae）鳥類


aahing

the oohings and aahings of the crowd


sandhi

古典借詞，源自梵語 संधि (saṃdhí)。


whale shark

The largest fish in the world is a shark. It is a harmless plankton eater, and its name, whale shark has been confusing people for years.

1983，Richard Ellis，The Book of Sharks，Knopf, →ISBN，頁 42:


tress

源自中古英語 tresse，源自古法語 tresce，源頭不明；可能源自通俗拉丁語 *trichia，源自古希臘語 τριχία (trikhía，“繩索”)，源自θρίξ (thríx，“頭髮”)。對比法語 tresse、意大利語 treccia。


tress

tresses (third-person singular present)
tressing (present participle)
tressed (past participle)


tristesse

“The peculiar resonance of his postcoital tristesse, for example.”

2007年January14日，Liesl Schillinger，引 Martin Amis, “Siberian Fields”, in New York Times:


troad

He chaunst to come, far from all people's troad

1596，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book VI, Canto X”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


dimethylamidophenyldimethylpyrazolon

Arnold Brandeis reports the results of the use of this drug, which is dimethylamidophenyldimethylpyrazolon, in eight instances. It is apparently a very much slower and milder antipyretic than antipyrine, although its effects last longer.

1898, The American Journal of the Medical Sciences (volume 115, page 86)

Novamidon is dimethylamidophenyldimethylpyrazolon.

1924, Year Book of the American Pharmaceutical Association


trop

troponin (“肌鈣蛋白”)之縮寫。


troubler

搗亂者，鬧事者，製造麻煩者

They are the troublers, they are the dividers of unity, who neglect and permit not others to unite those dissever'd peeces which are yet wanting to the body of Truth.


Odisha

源自奧利亞語 ଓର (ora)、ଉର (ura)，源自普拉克里特語。

奧里薩邦，印度東部邦名。


simultaneous interpreting

同類詞：consecutive interpreting


broadcasts

broadcast的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


greengroceries

蔬菜水果商出售的商品（新鮮水果和蔬菜）


tsar

借自俄語 царь (carʹ)，源自古東斯拉夫語 цьсарь (cĭsarĭ)，源自原始斯拉夫語 *cěsařь，源自一日耳曼語族語言，源自原始日耳曼語 *kaisaraz，源自拉丁語 Caesar。kaiser 的同源對似詞。現寫法 tsar 於19世紀開始取代舊寫法 czar。

(俄國君主)： 1721年以後，俄國君主的名稱改為imperator（импера́тор (imperátor)），不過本詞依然沿用。

除了俄國君主之外，有時也用於其他國家，如保加利亞（1908-1946）。

czar 的寫法在美國更常用，尤其是用於比喻和非正式義。學術和書面上更常用 tsar。

沙皇（俄國及南歐國家的君主）

and why, in the name of common sense, should the English call the Czar (tsar) of Russia raze?

1832年August1日，W. Barnes，“On the Origin of Language”, in Gentleman's Magazine，London，頁 129:


oil painting

"Very lovely!" he said, staring her straight in the face.

1920 Henry St. John Cooper Sunny Ducrow, Putnam's, p.117:

Wayne Swan: All I can say is that she's a much more attractive person than the Prime Minister.

2007 "Virginia Trioli talks to George Brandis and Wayne Swan" Lateline ABC (Australia) 14 September 2007:


stamped

stamp 的過去式和過去分詞


surrealist

more surrealist (comparative)
most surrealist (superlative)


surreality

And when he goes to greet his mother the surreality of it all stares him in the face: in two years she's turned into a little old lady.

2008，Preeta Samarasan，Evening is the Whole Day，Fourth Estate，頁 227:

The surreality of the crash scene dawned upon him only when he saw a holy figure in the smoke.

看起來超現實的；超現實的存在、事件或其他事實。

The surrealities of life are the paradoxes thereof.


surreally

Bonnie Lucas further anthropomorphizes the flower in her watercolors, combining it surreally with the human female figure[…]

1988年January15日，Kathryn Hixson，“On Exhibit: a gallery full of flowers”, in Chicago Reader:


surreal number

1974年由高德納在其小說 Surreal Numbers: How Two Ex-Students Turned on to Pure Mathematics and Found Total Happiness 中提出。此概念後來由英國數學家約翰·何頓·康威應用在對圍棋博弈論的研究中。最初康威只稱其為 numbers，但在1976年的 On Numbers and Games 中採用了高德納的用詞。

Conway's construction of surreal numbers relies on the use of transfinite induction.

康威對超現實數的建構基於超限歸納法的使用。

Conway's approach was to build numbers from scratch using a construction inspired by his game theory research; the resulting class of surreal numbers proved much larger than the class of real numbers.

ISBN 9780521312059

The class² of surreal numbers is defined inductively, together with an order relation on surreal numbers wich is also defined inductively:
#*:: • A surreal number X=(X_L,X_R) consists of two sets X_L and X_R of surreal numbers, such that no element from X_L is greater than any element from X_R.
#*:: • A surreal number Y=(Y_L,Y_R) is greater than another surreal number X=(X_L,X_R), X<Y, if and only if
#*::: − there is no x∈X_L such that Y<x, and
#*::: − there is no y∈Y_R such that y<X.

2012, Fredrik Nordvall Forsberg, Anton Setzer, A Finite Axiomatisation of Inductive-Inductive Definitions, Ulrich Berger, Hannes Diener, Peter Schuster, Monika Seisenberger (editors), Logic, Construction, Computation, Ontos Verlag, page 263,

Here we shall follow Conway's exposition rather closely. Let L and R be two sets of numbers. Assume that no member of L is greater than or equal to any member of R. Then L|R is a surreal number. All surreal numbers are constructed in this fashion.

2018, Steven G. Krantz, Essentials of Mathematical Thinking, Taylor & Francis (Chapman & Hall/CRC Press), page 247,


game board

gameboard (alternative)
game boards (plural)


gameboard

game board (alternative)
gameboards (plural)

The Mario games extended the gameboard with side scrolling […]

2011, Janet H. Murray, Inventing the Medium: Principles of Interaction Design as a Cultural Practice


playfield

The position of the playfield is here identified as lying north of this open space between it and the burn, and occupying the haugh which extended west...

1884，Alexander Maxwell，The History of Old Dundee:

It has been recommended by some recreational specialists that there should be one such playfield for each 500 children of high school age.

1974, Comprehensive Plan for Covington, Kentucky, and Environs

遊戲（特別指電子遊戲）區域

The game has a tilt feature — tilt Fireball and a tilt sign glows and the scoring stops. The full-sized, full-color commercial playfield even has a special friction silk-screened surface so the ball will roll and not slide.

In this case, the playfield is more disorienting and feels more like the maze that it is.

2007, Friedrich von Borries et al, Space Time Play: Computer Games, Architecture and Urbanism


inbetweener

介於不同群體或特征之間的人或事物

More than an outsider he was an in-betweener; caught between two cultures all the while shunning his own.

2011, Wayne Purdy, A Juniper Through The Cracks (page 86)

But having two bikes works well for me—so well that I'm daydreaming about getting a third, an in-betweener, light and strong enough to carry me over mountains with a sleeping bag and tent on the back.

2014, Elly Blue, Everyday Bicycling (page 47)

Now, Barney was what some voices referred to as an “inbetweener.” It met that he was never located in a permanent grade level. Back in those days when a student was found unfit of advancing to a higher level, he was held back for only half of the year and then advanced for the other half.

2016, George Boldt, Once a Man—Twice a Boy


in between

來自in + between，可能模仿自in the middle of、in the midst of等短語。

inbetween (alternative)
in-between (alternative)

Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.

2013年June7日，David Simpson，“Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 26，頁 36:


tabletop game

board game

在桌子或其他平台上遊玩的遊戲。

card game

在桌子或其他平台上遊玩的遊戲。

dice game

在桌子或其他平台上遊玩的遊戲。

在桌子或其他平台上遊玩的遊戲。

同類詞：video game、sport


dramaturg

Carl Hegemann, who formerly worked with Mr. Castorf as a dramaturg, said the only endeavor that made sense for him at this point was to direct a traditional play.

2007年January14日，Sally Mcgrane，“Outrageousness, Herr Director, Is a Tough Act to Follow”, in New York Times:


MGM

美國亞拉巴馬州蒙哥馬利地方機場的IATA代碼。

英格蘭梅瑟靈厄姆火車站的站點代碼。


MGM

male genital mutilation (“男性生殖器殘缺”)之首字母縮略詞。


abso-fucking-lutely

more abso-fucking-lutely (comparative)
most abso-fucking-lutely (superlative)

Are you ready? – Abso-fucking-lutely!


absofuckinglutely

Riley, you swore to me, you absofuckinglutely swore to me you weren't going to diddle around with the expense account this time!

1990，Ivan Doig，Ride with me, Mariah Montana:

If you had asked me six months ago if I would ever be making out with Courtney McSweeney, I would have said no, absofuckinglutely not.

如果你在六個月前問我是否會和 Courtney McSweeney 親熱，我會說不會，他媽的絕對不會。


atomic mass

“atomic mass”可以指單一原子的質量，也可以指原子核中，質子和中子的質量之和。

原子量；元素原子的平均質量。


gasses

gases的另一種拼寫法；gas 的複數


gasses

gases的另一種拼寫法。gas的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


eroge

源自日語 エロゲー (erogē)，エローチックゲーム (erōchikku gēmu)的縮寫，來自英語 erotic game。

含有色情內容的視覺小說。


visual novel

仿譯自日語 ビジュアルノベル (bijuaru noberu)，來自英語 visual + novel。


light novel

仿譯自日語 ライトノベル (raito noberu)，最初來自英語 light novel。


LN

來自日語 LN (エルエヌ, eruenu)，來自ライトノベル (raito noberu)，來自 英語 light+novel。


VN

very nice (“[遊戲表現]非常好”)之首字母縮略詞。


VN

But in addition, he adds to the tags of certain assistants the designation, “V.N.,” meaning veterinary nurse.

1963, American Veterinary Medical Association, Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Volume 143, page 179,

Veterinary nurse applicants wanting to work for the Society have to follow the VN course (see Chapter One for details).

1999，Victoria Pybus，Working with Animals: The UK, Europe and Worldwide:

Alison Young joined a small animal practice in 1998 as a student veterinary nurse and whilst there gained her VN qualification.

2006, British Small Animal Veterinary Association, BSAVA Congress 2006: Scientific Proceedings, page 20,

visual novel (“視覺小說”)之首字母縮略詞。


gennet

genet (“獛”)的古旧形式。


viverrid

靈貓科（Viverridae）底下的成員


twenty-one

They were to spend many an evening together sitting round the old kitchen table playing twentyone ….

1978, Lawrence Durrell, Livia, Faber & Faber 1992 (Avignon Quintet), p. 398:

一種改編自籃球的比賽，以二十一分作為勝利條件。


twenty-two

0.22英吋口徑的手槍或步槍

He wore a crazed expression / As he waded in the car / For some ammo and his sawn-off twenty-two.


bloo

blue的視覺方言拼法。

Another chap had got my jack-nife, and was amusin' hisself by slashin' holes in my bloo cotton umbreller, which two other Muskeeters had shoved up, and was a settin' under, engaged in tyin' my panterloon legs into hard nots.

1870，Various，Punchinello Vol. 1, No. 21, August 20, 1870:

"'That's whatever!' assents this marshal gent, 'an' you can gamble a bloo stack that hangin' you is a bet we ain't none likely to overlook.

The Consarvatives painted thurselves bloo, and the Radicals yaller, an' thay as danced the longest, the Roomans sent to Parlyment to rool the roost.

1918，J. Arthur Gibbs，A Cotswold Village:


bloo

blew的視覺方言拼法。

I stayed there sicks years; from sicks, that is to say, till my twelth year, during three years of witch I distinguished myself not a little in the musicle way, for I bloo the bellus of the church horgin, and very fine tunes we played too.

1838，William Makepeace Thackeray，Memoirs of Mr. Charles J. Yellowplush:


brawt

==== 動詞 ====
brawt
# brought的視覺方言拼法。
#*
1883，“Journal of a Yankee Girl: A Nawty-Biography”, in The Tatler，卷 1，頁 147:
"Ware in all the wide wurld was a man, and has bin ni to death's dore, evvur brawt bak to life to be so insulted in his own house."
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
#*
1918，James Ford Rhodes，History of the Civil War, 1861-1865，頁 259:
"The young man belonged to 1 of the first famerlies in Utiky. I sood him, and the Joory brawt in a verdick of Arson in the 3rd degree."
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
#*
2014，Marlon James，A Brief History of Seven Killings，頁 29:
When he said wuz h'any h'aggressive weapon brawt into play? I burst out laughing and my mother said I should excuse myself.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
#*
2014，Kevin J. Ryan，Thinning the Herd，頁 285:
"I did a lot of stealin' in my time, but I never hurt nobody. I never should hav brawt the gun. Sorry."
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）


cam'ra

camera的視覺方言拼法。


cood

could的視覺方言拼法。

Dere Miss vilder and sermanthy. i herd you say i cood not stay here enny longer and other peeple sed nobuddy wood have me and what you sed about the home but as i do not like homes i am going to run away if its all the same to you.

1894，Kate Douglas Wiggin，Timothy's Quest:


could of

could have 或 could've的視覺方言拼法。同樣是常見的拼寫錯誤。


copywrite

copywrites (third-person singular present)
copywriting (present participle)
copywrote (past)
copywritten (past participle)


sesquipedalophobia

But sesquipedalophobia ('hatred or fear of big words,' aptly enough) has prevailed, even among men of learning.

That hasn't helped my sesquipedalophobia one bit...

2002年March6日，derm，“Re: Are You Somebody? by O'Faolaint”, in soc.culture.irish (Usenet):

Ayesha was like a walking dictionary of phobias. She believed that I had sesquipedalophobia – the fear of long words.

2008，Abhijit Bhaduri，Married But Available，HarperCollins (2012), →ISBN:


cowld

cold的視覺方言拼法。


desier

desire的視覺方言拼法。


desier

desiers (third-person singular present)
desiering (present participle)
desiered (past participle)

desire的視覺方言拼法。


direcshun

[W]hen de man had tole me how to go, I went right long till I got out ob sight ob de little house, an' den I got into de woods, an' turned right round de oder way an' made tracks fast as I could in dat direcshun."

The company's post war the nearest, so I jest took down the river in that direcshun.

1874，Edwin Eastman，Seven and Nine years Among the Camanches and Apaches:


don'

don’t的視覺方言拼法。

Den he say, “I don’ want to be no Cong’essman, ner nuffin else. I been a-drivin’ ol’ Mis’ fu’ lo, dese many yeahs, an’ I don’ want nuffin bettah den des to[…]”

1903，Paul Laurence Dunbar，“The Stanton Coachman”, in In Old Plantation Days，頁 224:

‘Yer great puddin’ of a son don’ need fattenin’ any more, Dursley, don’ worry.’

1997, J.K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, iv:


doodz

dudes的視覺方言拼法。


doosed

dooced (alternative)
more doosed (comparative)
most doosed (superlative)

deuced的視覺方言拼法。

"Upon my word she's a doosed good-looking little thing," said Archie, coming up to him, after having also shaken hands with her; — "doosed good-looking, I call her."

1867, Anthony Trollope, The Claverings, 2006, Elibron Classics, Volume 1, page 151,

I thought my nephew a fool ; I now know that he is a doosed sensible fellow, and the luckiest dog in Christendom — luckiest dog in Christendom, I declare.

1872，Laurence William M. Lockhart，Fair to see，頁 149:

Accepted me, did she? Doosed awkward, that. I thought she had more sense.

1938，G.B. Lancaster (Edith Joan Lyttleton)，Promenade，頁 143:


quality of life

And almost anyone can have quality of life destroyed by pain.

1997，Myles I. Friedman，Improving the Quality of Life: A Holistic Scientific Strategy，頁 85:


dooty

doody的另一種拼寫法：排泄物

duty的視覺方言拼法。

Glad to see you back at the post of dooty.

1861，Various，Atlantic Monthly, Volume 7, Issue 42, April, 1861:

When we gets back to the old Laughing Lass, then we drops back into our dooty again all right and proper.

1907，Stewart Edward White and Samuel Hopkins Adams，The Mystery:

It's your dooty to do just as she tells you, and you'll do right.


doody

Petra would like to drop despondently onto a rock to pout, but you have to look before you sit, because there are goat doodies everywhere.

Petra 有時候會沮喪地坐在石頭上撅起嘴來，不過如果你要坐在石頭上的話，你得先看清楚了，因為這裡到處都是山羊屎。

2007，Brian Bouldrey，Honorable bandit: a walk across Corsica:


doody

doodies (third-person singular present)
doodying (present participle)
doodied (past participle)

Something smells poopy! It's okay if you just doodied, because we have LOTS of paper towels and extra socks.

好臭啊！不過就算你拉出來了也沒關係，因為我們有很多廁紙和襪子給你換。

2014，Jason James Johnson，Catbug Says, →ISBN:


coffee shop

coffeeshop (alternative)
coffee shops (plural)

café

小型咖啡廳或餐廳，售賣小吃和咖啡飲料

coffeehouse

小型咖啡廳或餐廳，售賣小吃和咖啡飲料

小型咖啡廳或餐廳，售賣小吃和咖啡飲料

"From behind the counter of this provincial train station coffee shop, Joanna was barista and unofficial shrink to wildly varied London-bound travellers," writes author Laline Paull. Confessions of a Barista on Platform 1 was published on February 9 by The Firle Press [...].

2021年March10日，“Stop & Examine”, in RAIL，期 926，頁 70:

荷蘭的一種售賣大麻的店鋪，類似咖啡廳

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见coffee、shop。


black coffee

It wasn't enough. They'd be able to rouse her with black coffee.

1966, Jacqueline Susann, Valley of the Dolls, page 305-306

Boiled, percolated, pressed, or filtered, black coffee ranges from a light tea-like drink to deep black brew.

2005，Mark F. Sohn，Appalachian Home Cooking，頁 36:


coffeemaker

Upholsterer, Letter-Carrier, Foreign-Post, Coffee-maker, of each one.

1681，Thomas De Laune，The Present State of London，頁 113:

If your cook is not habitually a good coffee-maker, the coffee will most probably be sent in cold, thick, and weak—for want of some previous supervision.

1839，Eliza Leslie，The Behaviour Book，頁 35:

To be sure it had to be taken without milk, but there was plenty of sugar, and when Rod passed his tin cup for a second helping, the coffee-maker's face fairly beamed with gratified pride.

1892，Kirk Munroe，Cab and Caboose: The Story of a Railroad Boy，頁 47:

As he poured water into the coffeemaker, Ben watched several deer grazing ... While the coffeemaker gurgled, Ben remained entranced by the deer.

他把水倒進咖啡機的時候，Ben 看著幾支正在吃草的鹿……等咖啡機開始運轉的時候，Ben 還在看鹿看得出神。


Sinosphere

Sino- + -sphere。由詹姆斯·马提索夫在1990年造出，與Indosphere一同用於其文章 "On Megalocomparison"（論宏觀語言比較）。


bicycle stand

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bicycle stand.wav


bicycle helmet

Make locking up your bike as routine as strapping on a bicycle helmet.

1989 (Jul), Dennis Coello, "Lock Up Your Bike", Boys' Life, page 8

Mandatory bicycle helmet laws introduced in New Zealand in 1994 also resulted in large increases in helmet use, and reductions in the number of head injuries[…]

2004，World Health Organization，World Report On Road Traffic Injury Prevention，頁 136:


penny farthing

以英國舊硬幣便士和法尋的大小指代這種自行車的兩個輪子。

一種前輪大後輪小的自行車。


powder snow

Expert skiers love skiing on powder snow.

滑雪高手喜歡在細雪上滑雪。


eazy

eazier (comparative)
eaziest (superlative)

easy的視覺方言拼法。


eazily

more eazily (comparative)
most eazily (superlative)

easily的視覺方言拼法。


'erb

表示方言發音[ɜːɹb]（標準發音為[hɜː(ɹ)b]）。


folx

I presume yoʳ lo. will fynde to be very stronge besides the qualitie of the peticonars to be lookte vppon, whoe if they be noe other then as folx is stilde mear mariners, it cannot promise muche of their extraordinarie performancis, as hath bin made appeare formerlye in this perticuler designe, …

1628 February 26, Thomas Button, in a letter to the Lord Vicount Dorchester, quoted in Some account of sir Robert Mansel ... and of sir Thomas Button (George Thomas Clark), page 86:

folks的視覺方言拼法，通常以非洲裔美國人白話的英語為代表。 （1800s）

De kommitte told me dere wus a great gedderin ob de culored folx at Brudder Jonson's Eatin House, …

1857, Julius Caesar Hannibal, Black Diamonds, Or, Humor, Satire, and Sentiment, page 183:

If some do, da hypocrites, and dat don't militate 'gains de siety; for cause da some hypocrites, dat proves dat some good folx.

1879, M. Star, in The American Temperance Cyclopaedia of History (Joseph Beaumont Wakeley), page 185, ostensibly quoting one Missa Param:

尤其在LGBTQ和有色族群

This time around the fine folx of Rocktober bring us the greatest rocknroll:Template:SIC moments in television history.

I write this book with the goal of showing you that Two-Spirit and queer Indigenous folx are not a “was,” that we are [...still present.] […]

2018, Joshua Whitehead, Jonny Appleseed (ISBN 155152726X):


fucc

fuck的視覺方言拼法。


fuccboi

判斷力差或沒品味的年輕人，特別指那些感覺膽小或想嘗試追逐潮流但行為過於激進的人。


thicc

thiccer (comparative)
thiccest (superlative)

thick (“性感的，肉感的”)的另一種拼寫法

To some fans, Wicke is thicc. To others, she’s a positive representation of diverse bodies in video games.
“Thicc Wicke,” as some are calling the fan art version of the character, has become such a trend that there’s already a meme criticizing it:
And there are plenty of images that depict her as “thicc,” but not in a drooling, overtly sexualized way.

2016年September12日，“Thirsty Pokémon fans are sexualizing Wicke, Sun & Moon’s new Pokémon researcher”, in Daily Dot:

“The weight of the female Gyr given as 1396-2000g [brings it to a] mean of 1752g (n=12),” Sweet tells Inverse. That’s roughly four pounds — extremely thicc by falcon standards.

2018年February8日，“The Original "Falcon Heavy" Isn't What You Think”, in Inverse:


furst

first的視覺方言拼法。

They wur not paid for weet days at th' furst; an' they geet it into their yeds at Shorrock were to blame.

1862，Edwin Waugh，Home-Life of the Lancashire Factory Folk during the Cotton Famine:

"An' it black noight, an' men and women wild in the drink; an' Pat Harrigan insoide bloind an' mad in liquor, an' it's turned me an' the children out he has to shlape in the snow--an' not the furst toime either.

1888，Frances Hodgson Burnett，Little Saint Elizabeth and Other Stories:

"De furst work I done to get my food wuz to carry water in de field to de hands dat wuz workin'.

1936-1938，Work Projects Administration，Slave Narratives – A Folk History of Slavery in the United States From Interviews with Former Slaves – The Ohio Narratives:


furst

first的視覺方言拼法。

I took a v'y'ge to Australia furst, just to put her out o' my mind a bit, an' I never seed her since.

"I was thinkin' it over, Stutter, all the way hoofin' it out yere," he said, chewing continually on his tobacco, "but sorter reckoned ez how yer ought ter see the writin' furst, considerin' ez how you're a full partner in this yere claim.

He started in on Microby Dandeline--we jest called her Dandeline furst, bein' thet yallar with janders when she wus a baby, but when she got about two year, I wus a readin' a piece in a paper a man left, 'bout these yere little microbys thet gits into everywheres they shouldn't ort to, jest like she done, so I says to Watts how she'd ort to had two names anyways, only I couldn't think of none but common ones when we give her hern.


Butterworth

來自蘭開夏一地的姓氏，派生自古英語 butere (“即現代英語 butter”) + worþ (“圈地”)。

/ˈbʌtə(ɹ)ˌwɜː(ɹ)θ/

巴特沃思，巴特沃斯 （源自古英語的姓氏）

美國俄亥俄州沃倫縣／瓦倫郡的一座鬼城。

美國弗吉尼亞州丁威迪縣／丁威迪郡的一個非法人社區。

北海（馬來西亞檳城的一個主要城鎮）


cacotopia

kakotopia (alternative)
cacotopias (plural)


kakotopia

cacotopia的另一種寫法：絕望鄉


Solar System

Solar system (alternative)
solar system (alternative)


fates

fate的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


Petre

源自Peter的中世紀變體。

源自古希臘語的男性人名，基本上從姓氏轉換回來。


Peterkin

中世紀暱稱，源自人名Peter + -kin。

彼得金，轉變自人名的姓氏


Pere

多種來源：
* 借自法語 Péré，來自住處的姓氏。
* 借自加泰羅尼亞語 Pere，人名，等同於英語的Peter。
* 借自匈牙利語 Pere。


Pete

男性人名 Peter 的指小詞


loup-garou

loup-garous (plural)
loups-garous (plural)

/ˌlu.ɡəˈɹuː/

In this respect, it is always a full moon for a loup-garou. They are never more than half-sane to begin with, and they tend to become increasingly unstable over time.


tahini

源自阿拉伯語 طَحِينَة (ṭaḥīna)，源自詞根ط ح ن (ṭ-ḥ-n) ，與碾碎有關。詞尾音節 -i 最可能來自黎凡特方言，或源自希臘語 ταχίνι (tachíni)。


mochi

Many of Japan's most popular confections are dusted with a light coating of sweetened kinako. These confections usually consist of a grain such as mochi (pounded glutinous rice), or steamed, pounded millet filled with […]

2013, William Shurtleff, Akiko Aoyagi, History of Tofu and Tofu Products (965 CE to 2013), Soyinfo Center (ISBN 9781928914556), page 1146:


ciba cake

來自官話 糍粑 (cíbā)。

由糯米製成的中國傳統點心。


muah chee

來自泉漳話 麻糍 (môa-chî)，來自麻 (môa) + 糍 (chî)。

糯米製成的點心，會搭配花生粉或糖粉食用。

Nobody worried that it would rain on the vegetable briyani or the muah chee man.

1992, Hannah Pandian, The Straits Times, 1 May page 14

Some parents prepared goodies such as muah chee and rojak for the fair while others helped run the stalls.

Since we were already filled to the gills, we could only meekly manage a helping of muah chee, squares of glutinous rice paste lightly dusted with ground peanuts and black sesame seeds.

2001, Jaimee Ee, The Business Times, 20 Jun page 13


rice cake

用大米製成的食品的統稱。


youtiao

借自官話 油條／油条 (yóutiáo)。

油條，東亞、東南亞地區的一種油炸麵食


uc

upper case (“大寫”)之首字母縮略詞。


udo

借自日語 独活 (udo)。


Jojo

女性人名 Joanne、Joanna 等的略稱及愛稱。


yadda

三疊使用，或與其他詞語結合，用於表示語句的部分說話人不願提及、難以理解或不重要。

In fact, the academic said, crime trends are influenced far more by demographics and social forces and yadda, yadda, yadda than by police work.

2006，Andrew Karmen，New York Murder Mystery: The True Story Behind the Crime […] :

The planners held all the requisite public hearings, public discussions, public meetings, public forums, yadda public-this and yadda public-that.

2002年June2日，Craig Medred，“Trails committee goes a little wild”, in Anchorage Daily News，頁 G1:


yadda

Sedona offers everything a Caravan, Voyager, T&C, yadda, yadda, yadda does, […] However, when V-6-equipped, the yaddas are a lot more quiet leaving the light or pulling into the passing lane.

2001年November8日，Jim Mateja，“Kia opens door, manually, to minivan market”, in Chicago Tribune:

Dropouts include Jason Kidd (recovering from knee surgery), Ray Allen (getting married this summer), Tracy McGrady (security concerns), Karl Malone (recovering from the NBA season; lost his mother), Jermaine O'Neal (banged up), Vince Carter (yadda), Mike Bibby (yadda), Elton Brand (yadda), and Kenyon Martin (yadda).

2004年August28日，Gary Peterson，“Tina Thompson: `I really wanted to be part of this. This is my time'”, in Contra Costa Times:

So right or wrong, good move or bad, yadda or yadda, it's an intriguing development in this gifted player's life and basketball career.

2006年May13日，“A Tough Road: Bennerman, Who Went To Hargrave, Describes Exactly What Glenn's Wallace Is Going To Be Experiencing”, in Winston-Salem Journal:


little by little

Everything else has gone from me, little by little, but I have kept this.

1861, Charles Dickens, Great Expectations, ch. 59:

Little by little his head cleared, and he began once more to take a personal interest in the battle.

1905, P. G. Wodehouse, The Head of Kay's, ch. 13:

Iraq's government has been removing blast walls little by little since late 2008, trying to restore a semblance of normalcy to this bunker city.

2011 March 6, Jack Healy, "Baghdad Neighborhood Celebrates as a Wall Is Taken Away," New York Times (retrieved 22 Nov 2011):


at a time

He manages to abstain from smoking for weeks at a time, but then gives in and starts again.

他每次會有幾個星期不抽煙，但之後又會復吸。

climb stairs two at a time

The Celebrity, by arts unknown, induced Mrs. Judge Short and two other ladies to call at Mohair on a certain afternoon when Mr. Cooke was trying a trotter on the track.[…]Their example was followed by others at a time when the master of Mohair was superintending in person the docking of some two-year-olds, and equally invisible.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 IV, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC，頁s 58–59:


stenches

stench的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


gold general

仿譯自日語 金将 (kinshō)。


silver general

仿譯自日語 銀将 (ginshō)。


kei car

來自日語 軽自動車 (けいじどうしゃ, keijidōsha)

Kei car (alternative)
K-car (alternative)
kei cars (plural)


city car

設計用來在城市地區和都市圈行駛的小型車。


EV

Early Version (“早期版本”)之縮寫 （威克里夫（Wycliffite）版聖經）


double bass

double-bass (alternative)
double basses (plural)

Voice of a double bass, or simply, a double bass.


Roman Empire

/ˈɹəʊmən ˈɛmpaɪə/

/ˈɹoʊmən ˈɛmpaɪɚ/

羅馬帝國 （自15世紀）

神聖羅馬帝國 （自16世紀）


watching

Seeing the British establishment struggle with the financial sector is like watching an alcoholic who still resists the idea that something drastic needs to happen for him to turn his life around.

2013年June28日，Joris Luyendijk，“Our banks are out of control”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 3，頁 21:


watching

What toils and pains; what cares and watchings; how many reproofs, restraints, and corrections; how many prayers, and sighs, and tears, are employed and suffered, before this hard task can be accomplished?

1819, John Edwards Caldwell, Christian Herald and Seaman's Magazine (volume 6, page 225)


MMORPG

massively multiplayer online role-playing game (“大型多人在線角色扮演遊戲”)之首字母縮略詞。


大型多人在線角色扮演遊戲


massively multiplayer online role-playing games

massively multiplayer online role-playing game 的複數


Lü

位於瑞士格勞賓登州因區的一個市鎮。


Lü

源自官話 呂／吕 (Lǚ)。

中國地區源自漢語的姓氏。


rôle

We have referred to the Bull many times, both in his astronomical aspect as pioneer of the Spring-Sun, and in his more direct rôle as plougher of the fields[.]

1920，Edward Carpenter，Pagan and Christian Creeds，New York: Harcourt, Brace and Co.，頁 81:

Finally the Negro had played a peculiar spiritual rôle in America as a sort of living, breathing test of our ideals and an example of the faith, hope and tolerance of our religion.

1924，W. E. B. DuBois，The Gift of Black Folk: The Negroes in the Making of America，The Stratford Co.: The Stratford Co.，頁 iv:

Thus, diachronic reductionists follow Ohala in emphasizing the rôle of the parser in phonologization and downplaying the contribution of higher principles of grammatical organization.

2006, Ricardo Bermúdez-Otero, Phonological change in Optimality Theory, in Keith Brown (ed.), Encyclopedia of language and linguistics [2nd edn., vol. 9], 497–505. Oxford: Elsevier.

As the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee celebrations wind down, it may be well to reflect on an aspect of public choice theory which supports constitutional monarchy — principally its rôle as a brake upon self-aggrandising politicians.

2012, Stephen MacLean, A cheer for constitutional monarchy's restraint on government, Adam Smith Institute:

Nevertheless, it can be argued that Loporcaro's (2015) rejection of any rôle for phonological computation in establishing the observed distribution of vowel length in Northern Romance goes too far in the other direction.

2016, Pavel Iosad, Rule scattering and vowel length in Northern Romance, in Papers in Historical Phonology, volume 1, 218–237. Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh.


Uyghurjin

來自蒙古語 уйгаржин (ujgaržin) 或 ᠤᠶᠢᠭᠤᠷᠵᠢᠨ (uyiɣurǰin)


Great Patriotic War

仿譯自俄語 Вели́кая Оте́чественная война́ (Velíkaja Otéčestvennaja vojná)。

偉大的衛國戰爭 （第二次世界大戰的歐洲東線戰場；蘇德戰爭）


ured

ure 的過去式和過去分詞


merde

借自法語 merde (“屎”)。mierda 的同源對似詞。


societal

more societal (comparative)
most societal (superlative)

While H5N1 flu is obviously lethal, some milder flus pose a greater societal threat, Professor Mathews says.

2010, Malcolm Knox, The Monthly, April 2010, Issue 55, The Monthly Ptd Ltd, page 46:


fanteeg

fantigue的視覺方言拼法。

"Well, well; I've seen a number o' fanteegs round these parts in my time, but in all ninety year I never heard such a dovercourt as there were over that teetotal meetin'. […]

1909, Arthur Morrison, Green Ginger (page 273)


feechur

feature的視覺方言拼法。

不受歡迎或誤用的特色（軟體性能）。


misimplement

misimplements (third-person singular present)
misimplementing (present participle)
misimplemented (past participle)

不正確或拙劣的執行；誤用。


grassy arse

來自西班牙語 gracias (“謝謝”)。

gracias的視覺方言拼法。

'Then what are we waiting for? Waiter, the bill?' 'Gracias, senor.' 'And grassy arse to you. Come on, let's go.'

1955, The London Magazine, Volume 2, p. 63:


grassy ass

來自西班牙語 gracias (“謝謝”)。

gracias的視覺方言拼法。

"Grassy-ass, amigos! Mooch-ass grassy-ass!" Ha ha, de nada, jefe

1977，Robert Coover，The public burning，頁 20:

Grassy ass Maggie.

2007, Louis Gerard Mendoza, Toni Marie Nelson Herrera, Telling tongues: a Latin@ anthology on language experience, link

The joke “Grassy-Ass” for “Gracias” (diversely realized in images on humorous greeting cards

2011，Jane H. Hill，The Everyday Language of White Racism，頁 140:


guhrl

girl的視覺方言拼法。


gurl

Damn white gurl Thought you was A1 Yet your existence a none

2012，Krystina V，A Diva's love Affair, →ISBN，頁 22:

An' Lee went closer to where the gurl was waitin'. His party follered an' I follered too.... Jest whin the moosic sthopped an' the gurl looked up—thin she seen Lee.

All gurl's good fur—jist To dust an' sweep, an' scold, An' sew on buttons what yo mus't Sewin' on last week. Wush't Iwuz a boy!

2013，Karen L. Kilcup & Angela Sorby，Over the River and Through the Wood, →ISBN:

男同性戀或跨性別女性之間的稱呼。

For example, “queer” would include self-identified lesbians and gays who also have sex with the “opposite sex,” sexual practices and relationships that include kink, s/m, polyamory, and pansexuality, gender play and fuck including femmes and those feminine of center, butches and those masculine of center, queens, femboys, gurls, bois, sissies, tomboys, crossdressers, drag queens and kings, and genderfluid people.

2016, Cindy I-Fen Cheng, The Routledge Handbook of Asian American Studies


gurl

gurls (third-person singular present)
gurling (present participle)
gurled (past participle)

The poor little doctor, thus rudely and suddenly aroused from his tipsy sleep, looked excessively bewildered when he opened his eyes, and met the glare of ferocious delight that Darby Kelleher cast upon him, and he gurled out, “What's the matter?” as well as the grip of Darby's hand upon his throat would permit him.

1834，Samuel Lover，Legends and Stories of Ireland:

“Weel may ye mind, yon night sae black, Whan fearfu' winds loud gurled, And mony a lum dang down—and stack, Heigh i' the air up swirled, Alangst yon brae, ye clam, and stack,

1845，Alexander Wilson，Poetical Works: With an Extended Memoir of His Life and Writings:


oral sex

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-oral sex.wav

用嘴巴刺激生殖器的性行為；口交。

The Beard’s climactic scene, an oral sex act, is not as startling or fresh as McClure apparently thinks. It is a continuation of the second act curtain of Albee's Tiny Alice, in which Irene Worth, shielded from the audience by her robe, seemingly displayed her nude body to John Gielgud, who dropped to his knees before her while she uttered orgiastic cries.

What Ms Whitaker did is no longer a crime in Georgia. The state’s sodomy laws, which in 1996 barred oral sex even between willing spouses, were struck down by court rulings in 1998 and 2003.

2009, "Unjust and ineffective", The Economist, 6 Aug 2009:

Oral sex for men can last forever, but when women's turn comes it lasts 10 seconds.

2011, Catalina May, "Porn made for women, by women", The Guardian, 22 Mar 2011:


cocksucker

After he said the kid was a no-talent cocksucker whose teeth were always in the way ...

[在]他說這小孩口交還不熟練，牙齒老碰到雞巴……[之後]

1970，Donald Warman，Some of my best friends，頁 102:

"Bodie!... You cocksucker, you said it wouldn't snow any more! You said we could make it!"

“Bodie！……你這混蛋，是你說不會再下雪的了！是你說我們能搞定的！”

1970，Salambo Forest，On my throbbing engine，頁 120:


suck cock

sucks cock (third-person singular present)
sucking cock (present participle)
sucked cock (past participle)


suck someone's cock

sucks someone's cock (third-person singular present)
sucking someone's cock (present participle)
sucked someone's cock (past participle)

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见suck、cock。


someone's

someone is（某人是；某人在）的縮約形。

someone has（某人有；某人已）的縮約形。


BB

baseband (“基帶”)之首字母縮略詞。

BlackBerry (“黑莓[手機]”)之首字母縮略詞。

basketball (“籃球”)之首字母縮略詞。

baseball (“棒球”)之首字母縮略詞。

bulletin board (“公告牌，佈告欄”)之首字母縮略詞。

ball bearing (“滾珠軸承”)之首字母縮略詞。

Radiopaque catheters, wires, or small metal ball bearings (BBs) are taped to the patient's skin to help in identifying any anatomic landmark, diseased tissue, or scar on the skin.

2010, Richard Hoppe, Theodore L. Phillips, Mack Roach, Leibel and Phillips Textbook of Radiation Oncology (page 203)


BB

宇宙大爆炸（Big Bang）

邦加-勿里洞省（Bangka-Belitung，印度尼西亞省份名）


BB

best before (“……前使用最佳”)之首字母縮略詞。


helluva

hell of a的合音，以書面形式寫出。

增義詞，可表示極好、極壞等意思。


helluva

hell of a的合音，以書面形式寫出。

We had a helluva good time at the party.

我們在聚會上玩得很開心。


helluvalot

I think that, reduced to a very simple statement, it means a helluvalot to me whether Auschwitz actually happened or was simply imagined by someone.

1999, E. L. Doctorow, Christopher D. Morris, Conversations with E. L. Doctorow (page 29)

Struggling into a sitting position, I clamped both hands over my shredded thigh. There was a helluvalot of blood, but it was pouring, not pumping, which meant the bastard missed the artery.


Hizzoner

芝加哥、拉斯維加斯、洛杉磯、紐瓦克、新奧爾良和紐約市的市長常被叫做“Hizzoner”。有時也隱含執政手段強硬之義。

His Honor的視覺方言拼法，市長，特別指大城市。

Minnesota: Meet Hizzoner the Mayor... Canon... would go through an elaborate bowing-and-scraping routine as he addressed Hizzoner the Mayor.

1991，Max M. Kampelman，Entering New Worlds: The Memoirs of a Private Man in Public Life，頁 56:

In 1989, they wrote a book, entitled His Eminence and Hizzoner, in which they set forth their differences in amicable fashion.

2002，James Gill，For James and Gillian: Jim Gill's New York，頁 121:


hungree

hungry的視覺方言拼法。


hunny

honey的視覺方言拼法。 （女性愛稱，或其他愛稱用語）


inshure

inshures (third-person singular present)
inshuring (present participle)
inshured (past participle)

insure的視覺方言拼法。


int'resting

more int'resting (comparative)
most int'resting (superlative)

/ˈɪntɹɛstɪŋ/


kidz

kids的視覺方言拼法。


stabilise

stabilises (third-person singular present)
stabilising (present participle)
stabilised (past participle)

Network Rail doesn't expect the line through Carmont to open for around a month, as it faces the mammoth task of recovering the two power cars and four coaches from ScotRail's wrecked train, repairing bridge 325, stabilising earthworks around the landslip, and replacing the track.

2020年August26日，“Network News: Mid-September before line reopens, says Network Rail”, in Rail，頁 10:


langwidge

language的視覺方言拼法。

"Such langwidge," he says, "is unbecoming and beneath Me—leastways unless it is remembered in the wages."

1891，Punch, Vol. 101，第HTML版, The Gutenberg Project, 出版於 2004:

"Art thou weary, art thou langwidge?" he quoted after a reflective expectoration, which just missed my right foot.

1901，PT Ross，A Yeoman's Letters，第HTML版, The Gutenberg Project, 出版於 2009:

The soldiers thought they were spies. "As speaking the langwidge," I asked him what the matter was.

1915，Captain WHL Watson，Adventures of a Despatch Rider，第HTML版, The Gutenberg Project, 出版於 2005:

"Sich langwidge!" cried the girl, with a laugh, covering her ears with her palms.

1921，Edgar Rice Burrows，章號 IX, in The Return of the Mucker，第HTML版, Wikisource, 出版於 2012:

Grandpa grunted—and belched again. "That old windbag! And his langwidge!"

1930，Roy Milton Iliff，In the Red，第reprint版, Kessinger, 出版於 2005, →ISBN，頁 99:

… the boy ran up on deck and went aft to the skipper and complained of Bill's langwidge.

2003，William Wymark Jacobs，Light Freights，Wildside Press LLC, →ISBN，頁 25:

That is 19 pages, and let us say the longest poem in the English langwidge.

2005，James Edwin Miller，引 Pound, 1922, T.S. Eliot: The Making of an American Poet，Penn State Press, →ISBN，頁 389:

But Pitjantjatjara, although it has four declensions and four conjugations, is alleged to be the simplest of all the bloody Australoid langwidges.

2009 Jun/Jul，Gary Jennings，“Sooner or Later or Never Never”, in Fantasy & Science Fiction，卷 116, 期 6/7，頁 171:


librul

more librul (comparative)
most librul (superlative)

liberal的視覺方言拼法。


librul

liberal的視覺方言拼法。


laydee

lady的視覺方言拼法。


licker

來自中古英語 likkere、lykkare，等同於lick + -er。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 Läkker、荷蘭語 likker、德國低地德語 Licker、德語 Lecker同源。


licker

liquor的視覺方言拼法。


likewize

likewise的視覺方言拼法。

The whole legiſlature likewize acts az a court for the trial of public delinquents.

1790, Noah Webster, A Collection of Essays and Fugitiv Writings, pages 340–341:


likker

liquor的視覺方言拼法。


majick

magic的視覺方言拼法。

Burger, though, is a discarder rather than a collector; what items there are have a personal or aesthetic appeal: a few bits of stone that look like a miniature segment of Stonehenge; a pack of Max Maven playing cards, named after a famous "mentalist," a good friend of Burger's; a couple of trick devices, including one shaped like a skull; and a few lavishly weird "bizarre majick" books, these the work of Tony Andruzzi, a local magician.

1988年November4日，Bill Wyman，“Do You Believe in Magic?”, in Chicago Reader:

Mica, Kai, and Matthias find themselves at the epicenter of miracles, strange majick, and disaster.

2011，David Scherer，Majicians' Journey: The Prophecy, →ISBN:

When Dieter was far enough away from the house, he took out the majick fire light.

2011，Diana Winter，The Last Snow Dragon, →ISBN，頁 41:


methinx

本拼法是故意用現代縮略寫法表示古舊詞彙，以達到幽默的效果。

methinks的視覺方言拼法。

Methinx that line in the sand has been drawn.

1997, "Roger Waters", VEWY VEWY QUIET IN THE GREAT WHITE NORTH???? (on newsgroup alt.fan.howard-stern)

Just a suggestion, but I think that GNER do a very cheap rail ticket as long as you spend the Saturday night away from London ( damm good idea methinx! ).

1999, "croft_house", Exiles and the Borthdi Meet. (on newsgroup uk.local.geordie)