shanghai

最早出自1871年，來自中國重要港口 Shanghai (“上海”)，用作動詞，指美國西海岸一些船運商以前強行徵召船員到太平洋捕魚或航運的做法。

shanghae (alternative)
shangeye (alternative)
shanghais (third-person singular present)
shanghaiing (present participle)
shanghaied (past participle)
shanghai'd (past participle)

強迫或欺騙某人去某處或做某事，違背他們的意願或利益 強徵水手，尤指從事航運或漁業工作。

Oftentimes the approach is to shanghai an unsuspecting victim.

通常的做法是欺騙毫無戒心的受害者。

1974年September30日，Charity Frauds Bureau，Herbert J. Wallenstein，Final Report on the Activities of the Children of God:

It was the strangest galley: the sounds, the steam, he's screaming at his coworkers. I felt like I'd been shanghaied.

這是最奇怪的廚房：聲音、蒸汽，還有他對同事的尖叫。我感覺自己好像被騙了。

2006，湯姆·威茲，“The Resurrection of Tom Waits”, in Innocent When You Dream，頁 256:

Petitioner strenuously objects to this free-rider label. He argues that he is not a free rider on a bus headed for a destination that he wishes to reach but is more like a person shanghaied for an unwanted voyage.

請願者強烈反對這種搭便車的標籤。他辯稱，他並不是一個搭便車的人，沒有按照自己的意願搭車前往目的地，而更像是一個被綁架去進行一次不情願的旅程的人。

By this time I hadn't much doubt of the nature of the trap and the identity of the trapping vessel. The faint smell of alcohol in the forehold told the story. I had been sandbagged and taken aboard a bootlegging craft, shanghaied in good old-fashioned style; and the vessel was probably now on its way to the Bahamas for a cargo of spirits.

到那時，我已經不再對陷阱的性質和陷阱船的身份產生太多懷疑了。屋子裡飄來的淡淡的酒味說明了一切。我被人用沙袋裝起來，帶上一艘走私船，以老式的方式被誘騙；該船現在可能正在前往巴哈馬裝載烈酒。

1923，Francis Lynde，章號 2, in Somewhere in the Caribbean:

強迫或欺騙某人去某處或做某事，違背他們的意願或利益 誘騙嫌疑人進入可以合法逮捕他們的管轄區域。

通常的做法是欺騙毫無戒心的受害者。

這是最奇怪的廚房：聲音、蒸汽，還有他對同事的尖叫。我感覺自己好像被騙了。

強迫或欺騙某人去某處或做某事，違背他們的意願或利益 違背軍人的意願調動軍人。

通常的做法是欺騙毫無戒心的受害者。

這是最奇怪的廚房：聲音、蒸汽，還有他對同事的尖叫。我感覺自己好像被騙了。

“Why, if you so loved and cherished the armed guard,” Captain Banning continued, “did you arrange for transfer?”
“I never, sir! ... But he shanghaied me out of the armed guard pronto.”

班寧上尉繼續說：“如果你如此熱愛和珍惜這名武裝警衛，為什麼還要安排調動呢？”
「我從來沒有，先生！…但他很快就把我從武裝警衛那裡騙了出來。”

(Can we date this quote?)，Eugene Cunningham，A One-Man Navy:

There was a urologist for his urine, a lymphologist for his lymph, an endocrinologist for his endocrines, a psychologist for his psyche, a dermatologist for his derma; there was a pathologist for his pathos, a cystologist for his cysts, and a bald and pedantic cetologist from the zoology department at Harvard who had been shanghaied ruthlessly into the Medical Corps by a faulty anode in an I.B.M. machine and spent his sessions with the dying colonel trying to discuss Moby Dick with him.

有一位泌尿科醫生負責他的尿液，有一位淋巴科醫生負責他的淋巴，有一位內分泌科醫生負責他的內分泌，有一位心理學家負責他的心理，有一位皮膚科醫生負責他的皮膚；有一位病理學家來研究他的悲情，有一位囊腫學家來研究他的囊腫，還有一位來自哈佛大學動物學系的禿頭、迂腐的鯨魚學家，他因為 IBM 機器中一個有故障的陽極而被無情地強行帶進了醫療隊，並在與垂死的上校的會面中試圖與他討論《白鯨》。

1961，約瑟夫·海勒，第22條軍規:

霸占、劫持或以其他方式（通常是錯誤地）佔有某個地方或事物。

Let's see if we can shanghai a room for a couple of hours.

看看我們能不能搶到幾個小時的房間。


shanghai

shanghae (alternative)
shangeye (alternative)
shanghais (plural)

該雞品種現在一般被歸類為婆羅門雞和交趾雞。

一種體型較大、腿較長、脛部有羽毛的雞。

Cochins or Shanghaes.

1853，W.B. Tegetmeier，Profitable Poultry，頁 19:

The ‘shanghai’ is the glaring daub required by some frame-makers for cheap auctions. They are turned out at so much by the day's labor, or at from $12 to $24 a dozen, by the piece.

「上海」是一些畫框製造商為了廉價拍賣而要求的顯眼的塗抹物。以一天的勞動量計算，這些產品的產量是這樣的，以件計算，每打產量為 12 至 24 美元。

飛鏢遊戲，玩家會逐漸被淘汰（「被坑」），通常是因為在 3 次快速投擲中未能達到特定分數，或者在比賽中先擊中某個預先選擇的數字，然後成為第一個擊中其他玩家預先選擇的數字的人。

‘Shanghai’ may be played by teams of 8, in pairs, individually, or, in fact, any number.

「上海」遊戲可以由 8 人一組、兩人一組、單人一組或任意人數進行。

The hot twenty—including local favourites George Simmons, Tony Brown, Mick Norris and Lew Walker—have to sweat through nineteen 501s, one 1,001, one 2,001, one round-the-board-on-doubles, one shanghai and one halve-it.

這 20 名熱門選手（包括當地最受歡迎的喬治·西蒙斯、托尼·布朗、米克·諾里斯和盧·沃克）必須完成 19 項 501 賽事、1 項 1,001 賽事、1 項 2,001 賽事、1 項雙打比賽、1 項上海賽和 1 項半程比賽。


shanghai

來自蘇格蘭 shangan，源自蘇格蘭蓋爾語 seangan，受中國城市的影響。

Turn, turn thy shang~hay dread aside,
Nor touch that little bird

轉身，把你的彈弓恐懼拋到一邊，
也不要碰那隻小鳥

‘Terry Madison. Instead of fiddling with that shanghai, give us a thought.’ ‘It’s a gongai,’ Swiftie said. ‘I mean that’s the name for a shanghai which is another name for a catapult...that Mr Delarue calls a slingshot.’

“特里·麥迪遜。與其擺弄那個彈弓，不如想想我們。’ ‘這是一個 gongai，’Swiftie 說。“我的意思是，這是彈弓的名字，也是彈射器的另一個名字……德拉魯先生稱之為彈弓。」

1982，Paul Radley，My Blue-Checker Corker and Me，Sydney: Fontana/Collins，頁 61:

They scrounged around the camp […] and held out their filthy wings to the feeble sun, making themselves an easy target for Charles's shanghai.

它們在營地周圍搜尋 […] 並將骯髒的翅膀伸向微弱的陽光，使自己很容易成為查爾斯彈弓的目標。

1985，Peter Carey，Illywhacker，Faber and Faber, 出版於 2003，頁 206:

However, certain objects are excluded from being treated as a gun. These include a longbow, crossbow, slingshot or shanghai even though it is capable of propelling a projectile by means of an explosive force.

然而，某些物品並非屬於槍枝範疇。這些包括長弓、弩、彈弓或上海彈弓，儘管它能夠透過爆炸力發射拋射物。

2020，Parliament of Singapore，“Guns, Explosives and Weapons Control Bill”, in Republic of Singapore Government Gazette，頁 161:


shanghai

shanghae (alternative)
shangeye (alternative)
shanghais (third-person singular present)
shanghaiing (present participle)
shanghaied (past participle)


recalescent

On passing to the recalescent properties of these alloys, as shown in Mr. Osmond's experiments, a remarkable difference would also be noticed between the alloys H and I.

当谈到这些合金的再辉特性时，正如奥斯蒙先生的实验所示，我们也会注意到合金 H 和 I 之间存在显著差异。

1904，The Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute:

If more than one recalescent event is present in the eutectic growth region T23 and T31 will be defined as being associated with the major recalescent event.

如果在共晶生长区域T23和T31中存在多个再辉事件，则将其定义为与主要再辉事件相关。

1973，Steven Trygve Holtan，A thermal and microstructural investigation of the post inoculation of ductile cast iron，頁 34:

Pure (electrolytic) iron possesses the recalescent properties, but ferro-manganese does not.

纯（电解）铁具有再辉特性，但锰铁不具有。

2015，C. E. Stromeyer，Marine Boiler Construction and Management, →ISBN，頁 115:


disgregate

disgregates (third-person singular present)
disgregating (present participle)
disgregated (past participle)


dulcifies

dulcify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


languescent

源自拉丁語；參見 languescō。

[S]carcely have the languescent mercenary Fifteen Thousand laid down their tools […]

1837，Thomas Carlyle，The French Revolution: A History […]，卷 (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):

It had long been languescent and its revival in 1791 was due to the energy of Home Tooke; its membership was chiefly middle-class.

1939，British common people, 1746-1938，頁 139:

She arrived at the cabin at that late hour of the evening when the languescent river darkened to green-black satin, […]

2002，Frances Myers，Swan: A Novel, →ISBN，頁 217:


organized crime

OCCB (NYPD Organized Crime Control Bureau)

OCTB (HKPF Organised Crime and Triad Bureau)

有組織犯罪（從事非法商品和服務交易的大型犯罪組織）

Organized crime is largely responsible for the nation’s illicit drug trafficking.

有組織犯罪是造成該國非法毒品販運的主要原因。

The State Department has given Ecuador $81 million since 2018 to help the country with its fight against organized crime and narcotics.

自 2018 年以來，美國國務院已向厄瓜多爾提供了 8,100 萬美元，幫助該國打擊有組織犯罪和毒品犯罪。

2025年March19日，Hira Humayun and Michael Rios，“Ecuador’s president invites foreign armies to fight gangs in the country”, in CNN:

Organized crime has dramatically increased in our neighbourhood.

我們社區的有組織犯罪急劇增加。


shenanigan

來源不確定。已知最早的使用來自1855年的舊金山（而已知最早的提及是在1854年），當時正值加州淘金熱時期。有人提出了以下可能性：
* 法語 ces manigances (“這些詐欺計劃”)。
* 西班牙語 chanada，charranada (“詭計，欺騙”)的縮寫。
* 愛爾蘭語 sionnachuighim (“我扮演狐狸”)。
* 萊茵法蘭克尼亞語 schinägeln (“努力工作”)，來自小販的黑話 Schenigelei (“工作”)。
* 东盎格利亚方言 nannicking (“裝傻”)。
* 18世紀德語 Scheinheilige (“偽聖人/偽聖行”，名詞複數), scheinheilig (“虛偽”)。

/ʃəˈnæn.ɪˌɡən/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-shenanigan.wav

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-shenanigan.wav

欺騙性的詭計或惡作劇；造成不適或煩惱。

I spotted his next shenanigan – saw it coming – and so avoided being fooled.

我發現了他的下一個惡作劇——預見了——因此避免了被愚弄。

One of Professor [John] Moon's most astonishing "experiments," consisted of holding a watch suspended from a short chain at arm's length, and allowing anyone in the pit to pull pistol and "blaze away" at the word "fire," whereupon the watch would most unconscionably disappear. An individual who had attended several evenings and witnessed the "experiment," suspected, in the classic language of the times, that there was something of "shenanigan" in it.

約翰·穆恩教授最令人震驚的“實驗”之一是，將一塊手錶懸掛在一條短鏈上，距離手臂很遠，然後讓坑里的任何人在聽到“火”這個詞時拔出手槍並“射擊”，然後手錶就會毫無意義地消失。一位參加了數晚的“實驗”並目睹了這一“實驗”的人，用當時的經典語言來說，懷疑其中存在某種“惡作劇”的成分。

1855 September，“Mr. Soap’s Yachting Excursion”, in Yankee-notions，卷 IV, 期 9, New York, N.Y.: Published by T. W. Strong, 98 Nassau-st., →OCLC，頁 280:

There are stories still told how money was used and promised, but from the best knowledge I can acquire, I think this is not true. If sharp practice was played, and "shenanigan" was used, we, to-day, looking back upon those times, cannot say that evil has come of it.

仍然有一些故事講述如何使用和承諾資金，但從我所能獲得的最佳知識來看，我認為這不是真的。如果當時確實存在不正當手段，使用“詭計”，那麼今天我們回顧當時的情況，不能說當時造成了邪惡。

[1877]，Cha[rle]s H. Sparks，“Political History”, in History of Winneshiek County, with Biographical Sketches of Its Eminent Men，Decorah, Iowa: Jas. Alex. Leonard, →OCLC，頁 31:


shenanigans

惡作劇，尤指兒童的惡作劇。（19世紀中期至今）

Shanti and Tom are playing noisily upstairs again. They’re up to their usual shenanigans.

香蒂和湯姆又在樓上吵吵鬧鬧地玩耍。他們又在搞慣常的惡作劇。

Well, I'm not the woman to stand any shenanigans from a child of mine. I could name you dead loads of women that are just completely walked over by their children.

好吧，我不是那種能忍受我的孩子做出任何惡作劇的女人。我可以說出很多被她們的孩子完全踐踏的女人的屍體。

1890，Kate Chopin，“Perplexing Things”, in At Fault. A Novel，St. Louis, Mo.: Nixon-Jones Printing Co., →OCLC，頁 159:

欺騙的伎倆；詭計；遊戲。 （從 19 世紀中葉開始）

You should learn to spot their shenanigans and avoid being fooled.

你應該學會識別他們的詭計並避免被愚弄。

The advertisement said it would cost $50, but they charged me $75 at the register. I declare shenanigans.

廣告上說要花 50 美元，但他們在收銀台向我收取了 75 美元。我宣布這是詭計。

約翰·穆恩教授最令人震驚的“實驗”之一是，將一塊手錶懸掛在一條短鏈上，距離手臂很遠，然後讓坑里的任何人在聽到“火”這個詞時拔出手槍並“射擊”，然後手錶就會毫無意義地消失。一位參加了數晚的“實驗”並目睹了這一“實驗”的人，用當時的經典語言來說，懷疑其中存在某種“詭計”的成分。

1855 September，“Mr. Soap’s Yachting Excursion”, in Yankee Notions，卷 IV, 期 9, New York, N.Y.: Published by T. W. Strong, 98 Nassau-st., →OCLC，頁 280:

And you remember that she is a pal of ours, and you're to act like a gentleman, no shenanigans, or I'll skin you alive!

你記得她是我們的朋友，你要表現得像個紳士，不許搞詭計，否則我就活剝了你的皮！

1921，William M. McCoy，“At the Shrine of Faith”, in The Valley of the Sun，New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company; published by arrangement with The H. K. Fly Company, →OCLC，頁s 77–78:

On the table top behind him lay the letter from the Vatican. It was what he had dreaded. Shenanigans like that don't go for long unnoticed. Canon Tom may have provided the Church with a touch of class, but when the chips were down, he was expendable.

他身後的桌面上放著梵蒂岡寄來的信。這正是他所害怕的。類似這樣的詭計不會長期不被注意。湯姆牧師或許為教會帶來了一絲優雅，但當情況危急時，他便成了可有可無的犧牲品。

1993，Edward Toman，章號 9, in Shambles Corner，London: Flamingo, HarperCollins, →ISBN，頁 125:

FDA [Food and Drug Administration] commissioner Scott Gottlieb yesterday called on brand name drug companies to "end the shenanigans" that restrict generic drug competition, specifically pointing to the tactic of slow-playing shared Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) terms intended to prevent generic manufacturers from purchasing drug products needed to run bioequivalence or bioavailability studies that FDA approval requires.

FDA [食品和藥物管理局] 局長斯科特·戈特利布昨天呼籲品牌藥公司“停止限制仿製藥競爭的詭計”，特別指出了緩慢執行共享風險評估和緩解策略 (REMS) 條款的策略，旨在阻止仿製藥製造商購買需要進行 FDA 批准的生物等效性或生物利用度研究的藥品。

2017年November10日，Zachary Brennan，“Gottlieb: ‘End the shenanigans’ on slow-playing REMS to delay generic drug competition”, in Endpoints News，存檔自the original on 2018-03-11:

In a panel discussion at BuzzFeed's office, Oscar-winner Meryl Streep told "The Post" director Steven Spielberg and co-star Tom Hanks that settlements like those paid to Harvey Weinstein's accusers would not have been necessary if more women held positions of power. "If the boards of the company were half female, there wouldn't ever have been payoffs to anybody," Streep said. "None of this – the shenanigans wouldn't have occurred."

在 BuzzFeed 辦公室舉行的小組討論中，奧斯卡獎得主梅莉史翠普告訴《華盛頓郵報》導演史蒂芬史匹柏和聯合主演湯姆漢克斯，如果有更多女性掌握權力，就沒有必要向哈維韋恩斯坦的指控者支付這樣的和解金。史翠普說：“如果公司董事會中有一半是女性，那麼就不會有人得到賄賂了。” “這些詭計都不會發生。”

2017年December13日，Courtney Connley，“Meryl Streep on Weinstein: If more women were in leadership ‘the shenanigans wouldn't have occurred’”, in CNBC，存檔自the original on 2017-12-13:

It shouldn't take much imagination to see why the forced dismissal of Congress by the president would be the most truly of nuclear shenanigans and the fallout would affect, like every part of the government. But that's the sort of thing that can happen when shenanigans infinitely escalate.

不難想像，總統強行解散國會會成為真正的核子詭計，後果將影響政府的每個部門。但當詭計無限升級時，這種事情就會發生。

2020年September30日，CGP Grey，片头起10:39, in Supreme Court Shenanigans !!!，存檔自the original on 2024-01-16:

奇怪、不尋常、怪異或古怪的事件。

"I'm sorry, but I'm not going to devote any of tonight's news to evil monkey shenanigans unless you can find something more down to earth to focus your report on."

“很抱歉，我不會把今晚的新聞用來報道邪惡猴子的怪事，除非你能找到一些更現實的內容作為報道的重點。”

2009年January20日，Dan Shive，El Goonish Shive (webcomic), Comic for Tuesday, Jan 20, 2009:


organised

more organised (comparative)
most organised (superlative)

It has been two months since I last checked my feed, during which time Facebook has sent me notifications I didn't sign up for, informing me every time someone posts, and invited me to attend locally organised focus groups.

2018年June15日，Emma Brockes，“No, Facebook, I won’t be back. I’ve seen the dangers of habitual sharing”, in The Guardian:


organised

organise 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


traduces

traduce 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


intergenerational

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-intergenerational.wav

intergenerational justice

In nearly 300 pages, the book delves into the history of white supremacy and racist systems that have led to intergenerational Black fatigue.

本书近300页，深入探讨了累及多代黑人的白人至上主义和种族主义制度的历史。

2021年May19日，Donna M. Owens，“Microaggressions and straight-up racism are exhausting Black people”, in Racial Reckoning，NBC News, retrieved 2025-05-05:


reefs

reef 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


behavioural

Barry is... well, what? Borderline autistic and obsessive-compulsive, with serious anger management issues and a dangerous behavioural disorder that in the real world would get him a one-way ticket to the rubber room.

巴里……呃，怎么了？他患有边缘性自闭症和强迫症，有严重的愤怒管理问题和危险的行为障碍，在现实世界中，这会直接把他送进精神病院。

2003年July2日，Peter Bradshaw，“Punch-Drunk Love”, in The Guardian，UK, retrieved 2014-08-07:


Misery

Missouri (“密蘇里”) + misery (“悲慘，苦難”) 組成的混成詞。

First, the young lady whom you spoke as becoming [a] mistress of the establishment would most likely (if she could become as such) be brought into a state of misery, instead of being brought from the state of misery, (or Missouri), [...]

1879年August20日，Noah Allen，“Noah in Misery-He Relieves Himself”, in The Wichita Weekly Beacon，頁 3:


logarithmic

/ˌlɒɡəˈɹɪðmɪk/


thermodynamic

将热能转化为其他形式能量的；熱力學的

The locomotive is designed to give a high and sustained tractive effort at moderate speed on steep gradients. To attain this result, M. Chapelon, in experiments dsting back to 1940, aimed at improving the thermodynamic efficiency.

该机车的设计目标是在陡坡上以中等速度提供强劲且持续的牵引力。为了实现这一目标，M. Chapelon早在1940年就开展了实验，致力于提高热力学效率。

1949 November and December，“Motive Power Developments in France”, in Railway Magazine，頁 400:


repoussé

借自法語 repoussé (“被推的”)，最终源自拉丁語 pulsare (“推”)。

/ɹəˌpuːˈseɪ/

捶揲（金属加工技术，通过从反面锤击来装饰或塑造可锻金属）

[…] the extraordinary thinness of the walls of these vases, which reminds us of the finest china, or even of Venetian glass. Some of them have elements in their designs stamped out into low relief to represent the repoussé ornament natural to such metal-work.

1907，Ronald M. Burrows，The Discoveries In Crete，頁 60:


repoussé

repoussés (third-person singular present)
repousséing (present participle)
repousséed (past participle)
repousséd (past participle)

/ɹəˌpuːˈseɪ/


liquefies

liquefy 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


locuplete

借自拉丁語 locuplēs (“富有的，富裕的”)。

more locuplete (comparative)
most locuplete (superlative)


repoussés

repoussé 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


lutescent

more lutescent (comparative)
most lutescent (superlative)


maturescent

源自拉丁語 maturescens, maturescere (“成熟”) 的現在分詞，源自 maturus。參見 mature (形容詞)。

more maturescent (comparative)
most maturescent (superlative)


parish-pump

由 parish (“教區”) + pump (“水泵”)，即 parish pump 的定語形式，暗指教區水泵作為教區居民會面交談的場所。

/ˈpæɹɪʃ ˌpʌmp/

/ˈpæɹɪʃ ˌpʌmp/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-parish-pump.wav

僅具區域利益或意義的；小地方主義的，目光偏狹的

parish pump politics

parish-pump squabbles

Never avoid bars or smoke-rooms, because in the former case you miss the chance of marrying a flirt, and in the latter of having your mind improved by local parish-pump politics, and your head broken by a fool in his cups.

永遠不要避開酒吧或吸煙室，因為在前一種情況下，你錯過了與一個輕浮女子結婚的機會，而在後一種情況下，你錯過了通過地方教區水泵式政治來提高自己思想的機會，以及被一個醉漢打破頭的機會。

[1875?]，Thomas Bardel Brindley，章號 I, in Hints, Humorous and Satirical, to All the World and His Wife. […] [給全世界及其妻子的幽默諷刺提示]，第3rd版, 倫敦: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co. […], →OCLC, paragraph 7，頁 6:

I now turn to the question of political progress. Ten days or so ago I was criticized in a newspaper for saying that I would confine political progress to the parish-pump level. […] I believe it right to ensure that truly responsible local government at the rural community and Municipal Council levels is firmly established and as quickly as possible.

現在我轉向政治進步的問題。大約十天前，我因為說我會將政治進步限制在地方基層水準而在報紙上受到批評。 […] 我認為確保在農村社區和市政委員會層面建立真正負責任的地方政府並盡快實施是正確的。

1952 March 19 (date delivered)，Victor Purcell，引 Gerald Templer, “The Case for the Governments [政府的立場]”, in Malaya: Communist or Free? [馬來亞：共產主義還是自由？]，Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 出版於 1954, →OCLC，頁 189:

This study […] pays serious attention to so called parish-pump conflicts in the belief that they performed a fundamental role in shaping opinion in the countryside. The vitality of parish pump alignments had a temporal dimension, too, for it seems that the querulousness of the rural community expressed a developing perception of equilibrium and well-being.

這項研究 […] 認真關注所謂的地方瑣事衝突，相信它們在塑造鄉村輿論方面發揮了基礎性作用。地方小事派別的活力也有時間維度，因為鄉村社區的好爭吵似乎表達了對均勢和福祉不斷發展的認識。

1985，P[eter] M[ichael] Jones，“Introduction”, in Politics and Rural Society: The Southern Massif Central c. 1750–1880 [政治與鄉村社會：南部中央高原約1750-1880年]，Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN，頁 5:

The idea of "parish-pump politics" is well known. Instead of engaging in problem solving at the community level, local politicians often think only of their own, local community, even if it is much more reasonable to cooperate with neighbouring communities and to pursue common regional interests.

「狹隘地方政治」的觀念是眾所周知的。當地政治家們常常只考慮自己的地方社區，而不是在社區層面參與解決問題，即使與鄰近社區合作並追求共同的區域利益更為合理。

2016，Michael Böcher, Max Krott，“Case Studies [案例研究]”, in Science Makes the World Go Round: Successful Scientific Knowledge Transfer for the Environment [科學讓世界運轉：成功的環境科學知識轉移]，[Cham, Zug, Switzerland]: Springer Nature, →DOI, →ISBN，頁 62:


forests

forest 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


rainbows

rainbow 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deduces

deduce 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


expilator

借自拉丁語 expīlātor，源自 expīlō。

for which the most barbarous Expilators found the most civill Rhetorick

最野蛮的劫掠者也找到了最文明的修辞手段

1658，Sir Thomas Browne，Urne-Burial，Penguin, 出版於 2005，頁 26:


for example

常寫作拉丁語首字母縮略詞e.g. (exemplī grātiā)，有時也用英語首字母縮略詞 f.e. 或 f.ex.。

The book has quite a few plot holes. For example, it's never explained why the main character came to town.

这本书的情节漏洞百出。比如，它从来就没有解释过主角为什么来到这个小镇。

The more highly the injured part is endowed with sensory nerves the more marked is the shock; a crush of the hand, for example, is attended with a more intense degree of shock than a correspondingly severe crush of the foot

受伤部位的感觉神经越多，冲击就越明显；例如，手部受伤时，冲击程度要比脚部受伤时更大

1921，Alexis Thomson, Alexander Miles，Manual of Surgery:

For a structuralist like Edmund Leach, the structure is the meaning. Genesis, for example, is about incest taboos; all the rest is noise and mystification.

对于像埃德蒙·利奇这样的结构主义者来说，结构就是意义。例如，《创世纪》讲的是乱伦禁忌；其余一切都只是噪音和神秘化。

1981，William Irwin Thompson，The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light:Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture，頁 12:


TBD

torpedo boat destroyer (“鱼雷快艇驱逐舰”)之首字母縮略詞。


TBD

to be dated (“待定”)之首字母縮略詞。

to be decided (“待決定”)之首字母縮略詞。

to be defined (“待定义”)之首字母縮略詞。

to be derived (“待取得”)之首字母縮略詞。

to be done (“待完成”)之首字母縮略詞。


come what may

If you vant a more polished sort o' feller, vell and good, have him; but vages or no vages, notice or no notice, board or no board, lodgin' or no lodgin', Sam Veller, as you took from the old inn in the Borough, sticks by you, come what may.

如果你想要一個更有品位的人，那好吧，隨你；但是無論有工資與否、有通知與否、有食宿與否，薩姆·維勒無論如何都會陪在你身邊，正如從老旅館帶你走的那樣。

1837，Charles Dickens，章號 56, in The Pickwick Papers:

[W]e are here of a set purpose and we will go forward with it, come what may.

我們來這裡是有明確的目的，我們會堅持下去，無論發生什麼事。

1906，Arthur Conan Doyle，章號 21, in Sir Nigel:

Still, now the prime minister remains "on message," reiterating that the election will be held in January, come what may.

然而，現在首相仍然保持「一致的立場」，重申選舉無論如何都將在一月舉行。

2004年September23日，Tony Karon，“Allawi Rides to Bush's Rescue”, in Time:

May it be, come what may, that I rest all my days in the goodness of Jesus.

願我不管怎樣，都能在耶穌的慈愛中安息直到終老。

2018，Fiona Aghajanian, Harrison Druery, Michael Farren, Jaywan Maxwell, Jonny Robinson, Rich Thompson （作曲作詞）, “The Goodness of Jesus”, in Yet Not I:


drying oil

Drying oils are used as the bases of many paints and varnishes.

干性油被用作许多油漆和清漆的基质。


bookshelves

bookshelve 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


prizes

prize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


angrier

angry 的比較級形式。


angriest

angry的最高級形式。


joked

joke 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


accordions

accordion 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


adventured

adventure 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


adventuring

adventure 的現在時分詞和動名詞


adventuring

Shawna has grown up into a sort of Outward Bound explorer of the erotic wilderness, whose adventurings — recounted on a widely read blog — include a stint working at “the Lusty Lady, a peep show in North Beach that recently became the nation’s first worker-owned strip club.”

2007年June24日，David Leavitt，“Still More Tales of the City”, in New York Times:


afternoons

We are closed afternoons.


aeroplanes

aeroplane 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


interfulgent

more interfulgent (comparative)
most interfulgent (superlative)

The window at each gable end stood open; into one fell the silvery splendor of the moon; the other was dusky with shadows, though beyond he caught the interfulgent rays among the sycamore leaves.

两扇山墙的窗户都敞开着，一扇窗户里洒满了银色的月光，另一扇窗户则笼罩在昏暗的阴影中，不过他能透过它看到梧桐树叶间闪烁的月光。

1891，Mary Noailles Murfree，In the "Stranger People's" Country，Nebraska, 出版於 2005，頁 28:


flags

flag 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


apprehends

apprehend 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


apprehended

apprehend 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


apprehended

more apprehended (comparative)
most apprehended (superlative)

an apprehended criminal

an apprehended concept


armchairs

armchair 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


avalanches

avalanche 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


balds

bald 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


ballets

ballet 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


barbecues

barbecue 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


basketballs

basketball 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bathes

bathe 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


beaks

beak 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


beetroots

beetroot 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


blackberries

blackberry 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


blizzards

blizzard 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


blondes

blonde 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bloods

blood 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bolts

bolt 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


breads

bread 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


beards

beard 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bunks

bunk 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


butters

butter 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


butters

原為 butterface (“身材很棒、長相不佳的人；背影殺手”) 的截斷形式。


canyons

canyon 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


cartwheels

cartwheel 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


cherries

cherry 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


chickens

chicken 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


clapped

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-clapped.wav

clap 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


clapped

more clapped (comparative)
most clapped (superlative)


cocks

If Mrs. Dyott was fond of ancient French furniture, and distinctly difficult about it, her inmates could be fond—with whatever critical cocks of charming dark-braided heads over slender sloping shoulders—of modern French authors.


cocks

cock 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


coffees

coffee 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


commas

comma 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


coops

coop 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


crawled

crawl 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


cried

cry 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


curlier

curly 的比較級形式。


curliest

curly的最高級形式。


cursors

cursor 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dashes

dash 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


defends

defend 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


destroys

destroy 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


detaches

detach 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dines

dine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dirtier

dirty 的比較級形式。


dirtiest

dirty的最高級形式。


dirtiest

dirty 的(古舊第二人稱單數現在時) 第二人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


disgusts

disgust 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


divides

divide 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bishops

bishop 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dragged

drag 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


ducks

Hello ducks, how are you today?

水手在炎热气候下穿着的轻便裤子

His spotless white ducks set tight about the hips, and hang loosely at the bottom, just allowing the tips of a pair of patent-leather pumps to peep out from beneath their ample breadth.

1856，Charles Nordhoff，Nine Years a Sailor:


ducks

duck 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


deuces

再見，回見（因為對應的手勢舉起兩根手指）

Nigga! You got until tonight to get your shit, deuces nigga!

哥们！你今晚之前得把东西拿走，回头见！


dyes

dye 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


evenings

源自 evening + -s (副詞後綴)。對照荷蘭語 avonds、低地德語 avends、德語 abends。


exits

exit 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


exploits

exploit 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


exploited

exploit 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


screens

screen 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


discruciate

discruciates (third-person singular present)
discruciating (present participle)
discruciated (past participle)


dogmatises

dogmatise 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dogmatizes

dogmatize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dogmatizer

But in stead of any fuller view of these, I shall mention some few of those, which our closer, and later experience hath made most familiar to us, and given us reason to look on with a quickness of sense, and dread, but those such, as being not entred into the Confessions of any national Church, are not properly chargeable either on Papists, or Protestants, but on particular dogmatizers on both parties […]

1654，Henry Hammond，Of Fundamentals in a Notion referring to Practise:

If it was the case that native dogmatizers were prohibiting the use of Spanish before the huacas and the use of the name of Jesus, then the information implies a large degree of cultural and religious acculturation by 1617 in the Province of Lima.

2015，Andrew Redden，Diabolism in Colonial Peru, 1560–1750:


take it away

takes it away (third-person singular present)
taking it away (present participle)
took it away (past)
taken it away (past participle)

I'd like to introduce Mumbo the Magnificent and his dancing parrot, Tiddles. Take it away, Mumbo!

我要介绍一下伟大的芒博和他会跳舞的鹦鹉蒂德尔斯。芒博，接下来交给你了！

MRS WHITNEY: We have a new student with us today. His name's Max Fischer and he's actually asked to say a few words to the class. Max? You want to take it away?
惠特尼老师：今天我们班来了一位新学生。他叫马克斯·菲舍尔，他要给全班同学讲几句话。马克斯，可以开始了吗？


medicine cabinet

浴室内放置洗漱用品等的柜子


attingent

借自拉丁語 attingēns (被動分詞)，源自拉丁語 attingō (“触摸；接触”)，源自拉丁語 tangō (“触摸，抓住”)，源自原始意大利語 *tangō 和原始印歐語 *teh₂g-。

more attingent (comparative)
most attingent (superlative)


attinge

借自拉丁語 attingō (“觸碰”)。attain和attainder 的同源對似詞。

attinges (third-person singular present)
attinging (present participle)
attinged (past participle)

ambient parts of the Body (which are attinged with its yellow Attire)

1685，Samuel Collins，A Systeme Of Anatomy:


antiterrorism

Antiterrorism funding was increased after 2001.

2001年以後，反恐資金有所增加。


antiterrorist

more antiterrorist (comparative)
most antiterrorist (superlative)


counterterrorism

Still other officials say the mayhem may be partly a result of a vicious rivalry between two Qaeda subcommanders in Mali, Mokhtar Belmokhtar and Abdelhamid Abu Zeid, a clash that underscores the kind of autonomous jihad cells that counterterrorism officials say are particularly hard to combat.

另有官员表示，造成此次混乱的部分原因可能是基地组织在马里的两名副指挥官穆赫塔尔·贝尔穆赫塔尔和阿卜杜勒哈米德·阿布·扎伊德之间激烈的竞争，反恐官员称，这种冲突凸显了圣战组织是那种特别难以打击的独立组织。

2009年October7日，Eric Schmitt，“Qaeda Branch Steps Up Raids in North Africa”, in The New York Times:


conspirant

more conspirant (comparative)
most conspirant (superlative)


conspires

conspire 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


judicare

judicial + care 組成的混成詞；對比 Medicare、denticare。

/ˈd͡ʒudɪˌkɛə/

/ˈd͡ʒudɪˌkɛɚ/

司法委託（一種法律援助形式）


judicate

借自拉丁語 iūdicāt-, iūdicāre，部分可能是截斷 adjudicate 而來。 judge 的同源對似詞。

judicates (third-person singular present)
judicating (present participle)
judicated (past participle)

Parasites and Flatterers, I wyll make so to abound, / That Trueth shalbe defaced, and stand aloofe behinde: / Auarice and Couetousnesse, shall compasse euerie ground, / That fewe shall haue credite, freendship to finde, / Wauerers and Neuters shall houer in the winde, / That Sycophants and brablers, preheminence shall haue, / To predicate and iudicate, before the wyse and graue.

[1577?]，Laurence Ramsey，The Practise of the Diuell. The Auncient Poisoned Practises of the Diuell, in His Papistes, Against the True Professors of Gods Holy Worde, in These Our Latter Daye. […]，London: […] [J. Charlewood] for Tymothie Rider, and are to be solde […] by Henrie Kyrkham; republished in Early English Books Online，Ann Arbor, Mich.: Text Creation Partnership, p. 2011:

And to enter him befoir the saids Provest and baillies of Innernis, to be judicatit be them for his wrange or fact crym he sal commit, to suffer thairfoir according as he sail merit at the discretioun of the Judges, vnder the pain foirsaid: Quhairvpon tuick act.

[1613年July31日，Records of Inverness，卷 II (Burgh Court Books: 1602-37; Minutes of Town Council: 1637-88) (語言：低地蘇格蘭語), Aberdeen: […] [T]he New Spalding Club, 出版於 1924，頁 112:

Quapropter cum Ariſtoteles neſciat naturam, proprietates, itemque generationum cauſas, ac quidditatem; quis non judicaverit, ex aridis cisternis Scholorum aquas Philoſophiæ haustas hactenus? Octo enim libri auſultationum Phyſicarum, ſomnia et privationes, pro naturæ cognitione exponunt.

1654，Jo[hn] Webster，Academiarum Examen, or the Examination of Academies. Wherein Is Discussed and Examined the Matter, Method and Customes of Academick and Scholastick Learning, and the Insufficiency Thereof Discovered and Laid Open; […]，London: […] Giles Calvert, […]，頁s 66–67:

The ſublime end of creation and moral government as taught us, by revelation--the rational and immortal nature wherewith we are endowed--the nature of things in a variety of views--the character and perfections of God and of his government, infinitely wiſe, holy, juſt, good and perfect--the property of his kingdom as everlaſting--the ill-demerit of ſin--the neceſſity and importance of ſuch a puniſhment to his enemies, to illuſtrate the character of God, of Chriſt, and of the divine government, and the doctrine of redemption in higheſt glory--and to eſtabliſh the authority and ſettle the everlaſting kingdom of God, in eternal ſecurity and peace, in higheſt dignity, perfection and glory, accompanied with the higheſt poſſible ſecurity and happineſs to all his holy, faithful ſubjects---and the cleareſt exhibition of the kingdom, power, and glory as the Lord’s. Theſe in connection do judicate the doctrine highly credible, worthy of all acceptation and our firmeſt belief.

1786，Stephen Johnson，The Everlasting Punishment of the Ungodly, Illustrated and Evinced to Be a Scripture Doctrine: and the Salvation of All Men, as Taught in Several Late Publications, Confuted. […]，New London, Conn.: […] Timothy Green，頁 37:

“[…] And what think you got I for telling her the true even-doun fact?” / “Probably whatever she had in her hand.” / “O, ye’re a saterical man!—to judicate that leddies would be flinging housholdry at ane anither’s heads![…]”

1826，John Galt，章號 XIV, in The Last of the Lairds: or, The Life and Opinions of Malachi Mailings, Esq. of Auldbiggings，Edinburgh: William Blackwood; London: T[homas] Cadell, […]，頁s 128–129:

But he rushed out together with the kettle-drum, and rushed into the New Court,⁶ and began to judicate.

1853，Aristophanes，譯者 William James Hickie, “The Wasps”, in The Comedies of Aristophanes. A New and Literal Translation, From the Revised Text of Dindorf, with Notes and Extracts from the Best Metrical Versions.，卷 I ( […]), London: Henry G[eorge] Bohn, […], →OCLC，頁 187:

The principal question arising in this case has never before been judicated in this court, and is therefore a case of the first importance to the great interests involved

1869 April，“Important Fire Insurance Decision”, in The Insurance Times: A Journal Solely Devoted to Life, Fire and Marine Insurance，卷 II, 期 4, New York, N.Y.: Stephen English, […]，頁 269，列 2:

But fur all the years he was justice o’ the peace, an’ right successful settlin’ other people’s disputes, he never somehow got round to ’judicatin’ that row ’ith Si over the old schoolhouse.

1912 February，Edfrid Bingham，“Seth and Si”, in Everybody’s Magazine，卷 XXVI, 期 2, New York, N.Y.，頁 264，列 1:

To judicate, therefore, between these disparate views is difficult not only because there may be some merit to both but rather because such is not the function of the critic, any critic.

1968，Tradition: A Journal of Orthodox Jewish Thought，卷 10, New York, N.Y.: Rabbinical Council of America, →ISSN，頁 72，列 1:

Two months later, Cesarini warned those responsible to be attentive ‘that a multitude be not indiscriminately admitted, because it is no small burden and honour to be admitted in so sublime a gathering to judicate for the whole world’.

1971，Joseph Gill，“The representation of the universitas fidelium in the councils of the conciliar period”, in Councils and Assemblies: Papers Read at the Eighth Summer Meeting and the Ninth Winter Meeting of the Ecclesiastical History Society (Studies in Church History; 7)，Cambridge, Cambs.: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN，頁 192:

She [Deviekha Chetram] served on the board of directors for Markham Arts Council and has judicated several local dance competitions and pageants.

2011，Vidur Dindayal，“Deviekha Chetram”, in Guyanese Achievers, USA & Canada: A Celebration，Trafford Publishing, →ISBN，頁 87:


pizzica

借自意大利語 pizzica。

意大利流行的传统舞蹈，起源于萨兰托半岛

With strings, accordion, flute and lots of tambourine, it pays particular attention to the pizzica, a galloping six-beat dance related to the tarantella and long used as a faith-healing cure for spider bites.

2007年January19日，The New York Times，“Pop and Rock Listings”, in New York Times:


attributive

more attributive (comparative)
most attributive (superlative)

In "this big house", "big" is attributive, whereas in "this house is big", it is predicative.

在“这所大房子”中，“大”是定语；而在“这所房子很大”中，“大”是表语。

In "this tiger is a man-eater," "man" is an attributive noun.

在“这只老虎是食人兽”中，“人”是定语名词。

Since both Attributes and Adjuncts recursively expand N-bar into N-bar, it seems clear that the two have essentially the same function, so that Attributes are simply pronominal Adjuncts (though we shall continue to follow tradition and refer to attributive premodifiers as Attributes rather than Adjuncts).

1988，Andrew Radford，Transformational grammar: a first course，Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press，頁 197:

ATTRIBUTIVE NOUN. A noun that modifies another noun: steel in steel bridge; London in London house.

定语名词。修饰名词的名词：steel brdige 中的 steel，以及 London house 中的 London。

2005，Thomas Burns McArthur, Tom McArthur, Roshan McArthur，Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language:

Grammatically, three ways of using adjectives can be distinguished: the attributive use, the predicative use and the adverbial use. We will only deal with the attributive and the predicative use here. In the attributive use, the adjective, within an NP, is attached to the head noun, e.g. a dubious company, a red balloon, the stupid driver.

从语法上讲，形容词的用法可以分为三种：定语用法、表语用法和状语用法。本文我们只讨论定语用法和表语用法。在定语用法中，名词短语中的形容词加在中心名词后面，例如：a dubious company（一家可疑的公司）、a red balloon（一只红气球）、the stupid driver（那个愚蠢的司机）。

To hate, &c.] Or thus, To be affected with hatred and horrour at. For abhor, though arranged in our dictionaries among verbs active, attributes an affection rather than an act of the mind. As the mind however is an active principle, all verbs attributive of what passes in the mind, even those we call neuter, attribute at the same time some mental act or operation. To grieve is reckoned a verb neuter; yet in grieving at some misfortune, the mind is not less active than it is in abhorring or loathing an object; which latter verbs are called verbs active.

1806，Benjamin Dawson，Philologia Anglicana: or, a Philological and synonymical dictionary of the English language ["A-Adornment"]，頁 36:

* 947 आल and आट put after वाक् Speech, with it form adjectives attributive of much bad or improper speaking; as वाचाल, or वाचाट Who utters much bad language.
* 948 […] affixed to nouns, with them form adjectives attributive of detraction,[…]

1808，Charles Wilkins，A Grammar of the Sanskrita Language，頁 516:

Notably, along with being attributive of color, some of those adjectives are used to characterize sound or intensity of sensation (e.g. pain may behele 'shrill' or tume 'dull'), cognitive abilities (such as hearing, vision and acumen),[…]

值得注意的是，除了表示颜色之外，其中一些形容词还用于描述声音或感觉强度（例如疼痛可能表现为“刺的”或“钝的”），认知能力（如听觉、视觉和敏锐度）， […]

2007年November21日，Robert E. MacLaury, Galina V. Paramei, Don Dedrick，Anthropology of Color: Interdisciplinary multilevel modeling，John Benjamins Publishing, →ISBN，頁 201:


attributive

In "this big house," "big" is an attributive, while in "this house is big," it is a predicative.

在“这所大房子”中，“大”是定语；而在“这所房子很大”中，“大”是表语。


scaturient

more scaturient (comparative)
most scaturient (superlative)


beautifulest

[…] and thy dear Baby Charles, as chance had ordered, had a fair sight of the beautifulest of princesses, Henrietta Maria, sister to the king […]

1857，Benjamin Franklin Tefft，The shoulder-knot; or, Sketches of the three-fold life of man: A story of the seventeenth century，Harper &d Brothers，頁s 175–6:

"I saw the beautifulest dress displayed in the window; the color was one of the delicatest blues I ever saw."

1922，Charles N. Lurie，How to say it: helpful hints on English，G.P. Putnam's sons，頁 23:

They were the beautifulest boys I ever laid eyes on, and uncle sot great store by them.

1970, Jane Grey Cannon Swisshelm and Paul Dennis Sporer, Half a Century, Anza Publishing, p. 34:

But one was the most beautifullest in the town. She was the most beautifullest in the whole kingdom. And the queen and king invited the most beautifullest girl in town to their palace.

2003，Sandra Smidt，The Early Years，頁 166:

Hattie said, "Yes, we are all beautiful but I'm the beautifulest!"

2008，Lee Green Pope，The Cinderella Diary:

"Mama, Pawpaw says I'm the most beautifulest girl in the whole wide world," Onyx said proudly.

2009，Lutishia Lovely，A Preacher's Passion，頁 126:


Taipeian

more Taipeian (comparative)
most Taipeian (superlative)


procrastine

procrastines (third-person singular present)
procrastining (present participle)
procrastined (past participle)


alleviator

Blessed is he who is an alleviator of suffering.

能减轻痛苦的人是有福的。

Aspirin is an alleviator of headaches.


second person

“Are” is the second person of “to be”.

“Are” 是“to be” 的第二人称。

“Hast” is the second person singular of the German verb “haben”.

“Hast” 是德语动词“haben”的第二人称单数。

“Habt” is the second person plural of the German verb “haben”.

“Habt” 是德语动词“haben”的第二人称复数。


fevers

fever 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


fingerprints

fingerprint 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


flashlights

flashlight 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


flights

flight 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


flips

flip 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


flops

flop 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


foals

foal 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


loafs

標準語中 loaf 的複數形式是 loaves。


loafs

loaf 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


galls

gall 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


garlics

garlic 一詞一般是不可數的，複數形式 garlics 仅用于指多个品种的蒜头或多瓣蒜头。

"For all these reasons, they are not a commercially viable crop, which means that just about the only garlics you have ever found available in your..."

1997，Chester Aaron，The Great Garlic Book: A Guide with Recipes:


garlics

garlic 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


grasshoppers

grasshopper 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


greedier

greedy 的比較級形式。


greediest

greedy的最高級形式。


grays

gray 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


gulfs

gulf 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


methicillin

The new strain was dubbed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, or MRSA.

这种新菌株被称为耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌，简称MRSA。

2019，Bill Bryson，The Body: A Guide for Occupants，Black Swan (2020)，頁 53:


abstinently

more abstinently (comparative)
most abstinently (superlative)

節制地，禁慾地 （最早見於16世紀末）


Wilamowice

早期作 Antiquo-Willamowicz，源自中世紀拉丁語 Vilamovice Nova，源自日耳曼語族，可能是古荷蘭語或西佛蘭德語，源自原始日耳曼語 *Wiljahelmaz。

維拉莫維采（城市名，位於波蘭）


benzathine penicillin

The standard dosage of 2.4 million units of benzathine ^([sic]) penicillin prescribed for syphilis resolved symptoms of the disease, and physicians assumed they were killing the organism.

治疗梅毒的处方标准剂量为240万单位苄星青霉素，可以 缓解梅毒症状，医生认为这些药物可以杀死梅毒细胞。

1989年April8日，John Dooley，“Syphilis and AIDS: What's the Connection?”, in Gay Community News，頁 8:


tropical fish

tropical fishes (plural)
tropical fish (plural)


Mecklenburg

梅克倫堡（德國北部波羅的海沿岸的一個歷史地區，為現代州 of 梅克倫堡-前波莫瑞州的一部分）。

Since the reign of Charlemagne, this country is divided into High and Low Germany... the provinces of Lower Germany towards the north conſiſt of the Low Country of the Rhine, Triers, Cologn, Mentz, Weſtphalia, Heſſe, Brunſwic, Miſnia, Luſatia, High Saxony upon the Elbe, Low Saxony upon the Elbe, Mecklenburg, Lauenburg, Brandenburg, Magdeburg, and Pomerania.

自查理曼大帝统治以来，这个国家被分为上德意志和下德意志……下德意志省份向北包括莱茵河低地、特里尔、科隆、门茨、威斯特伐利亚、黑森、不伦瑞克、迈森、卢萨蒂亚、易北河畔上萨克森、易北河畔下萨克森、梅克伦堡、劳恩堡、勃兰登堡、马格德堡和波美拉尼亚。

1759，George Sale et al.，“The Modern Part of an Universal History”, in History of the German Empire，卷 XXIX，頁 2:

Men like Fritz Reuter (employing the Mecklenburg dialect) and Klaus Groth (employing the Holstein dialect) have tried to raise it [= New-Low-German, or Plattdeutsch] to a written language.
弗里茨·罗伊特（使用梅克伦堡方言）和克劳斯·格罗特（使用荷尔斯泰因方言）等人曾试图将其 [新低地德语，或 Plattdeutsch] 提升为一种书面语言。

1886, H. A. Strong, Kuno Meyer, Outlines of a history of the German language, p. 67f. (https://books.google.com/books?id=OhJKAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA68):


intitules

intitule 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


parrots

parrot 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


rasgueado

一种吉他手指扫弦技巧，常用于弗拉门戈吉他音乐中


rasure

繼承自中古英語 rasure，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 rasure、中古法語 rasure，源自拉丁語 rāsūra (“刮，剃”)，源自 rādere (“刮，剃”) 的分詞詞幹。

刮擦羊皮纸等的表面以从文件上擦除某些内容


bewend

繼承自中古英語 bewenden、biwenden，繼承自古英語 bewendan (“轉”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *biwandijan，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *biwandijaną。By surface analysis, be- + wend。

bewends (third-person singular present)
bewending (present participle)
bewent (past participle)
bewended (past participle)

Glowing under day's warm sunning, Sparkling with thy ripples' running, Taking to thee brooks and rills, Valley-draining, dell-bewending, Water-taking, water- sending, Down to dairy farms and mills, [...]

1971，William Barnes，One hundred poems - Page 62:

In between modern technics, nearlier spoken the wale-bewended modern logistic outlaying of thinking and speaking, has already set oversetting machines in going.


Utsunomiya

借自日語 宇都宮 (うつのみや, Utsunomiya)。

宇都宮（城市，縣治名，位於日本栃木）


PnP

Feel not ashamed if you can afford only PnP versions of certain games.

如果你只能买得起某些游戏的自打印版本，请不要感到羞愧。


clavicembalo

clavicembalos (plural)
clavicembali (plural)

Also we recall that Agnesi's life was bound up with that of a younger sister, Maria Teresa, who is known in the history of music as a composer and pianist, that is, virtuoso on the clavicembalo.

1970，Edna Kramer，The Nature and Growth of Modern Mathematics，Princeton, 出版於 1982，頁 706:

He taught me composition and how to improve my playing on the clavicembalo [譯 Jnſtrument] and also the harp […].

1999, Mike Mitchell, translating HJC von Grimmelshausen, Simplicissimus, III.17, Dedalus 2016, p. 253:


clavicymbalum

一種早期的鍵盤樂器，大鍵琴的祖先


dysbiosis

來自古希臘語 δυσ- (dus-，“壞的”) + βίωσις (bíōsis，“生活方式”)。本义与 symbiosis (“共生”，一种互惠互利的关系) 相对。By surface analysis, dys- + -biosis。


agri-

源自拉丁語 ager、agrī (“田地”)，受同源的 agriculture 影響。acre 的同源對似詞。


Shem

源自古希臘語 Σήμ (Sḗm)，源自希伯來語 שם (Šēm)。

同類詞：Ham、Japheth


Sham

可能源自阿拉伯語 شَام (šām，字面意思是“敘利亞”)，亦傳至古吉拉特語。也可能是法語 Cham 的另一種寫法。


exoneration

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-exoneration.wav

Alpaca. (Camelus Pacos,) also Paco. […] This animal, like the camel, is domable, and will carry from seven to nine stone; it will fall on its knees for the convenient reception and exoneration of its burthen.

羊驼（Camelus Pacos），也叫 Paco。 […] 这种动物像骆驼一样，温顺，可以驮七到九石的重物；它会跪下，以便方便地接住和卸下重担。

1815，Antonio de Alcedo，“Provincial Terms, &c.”, in The Geographical and Historical Dictionary of America and the West Indies. Containing and Entire Translation of the Spanish Work of Colonel Don Antonio de Alcedo, […] In Five Volumes，卷 V, London: Printed for the author, and published by Carpenter and Son, Old Bond-Street; [et al.], →OCLC，頁 8:

Mr. Spitzer’s proposal also calls for the creation of a state office that would be responsible for studying all cases that resulted in exonerations and looking for flaws in the system that led to those wrongful convictions.

斯皮策的提案还呼吁设立一个州级办公室，负责研究所有最终被免罪的案件，并寻找导致这些错误定罪的制度缺陷。

2007年May14日，Patrick Mcgeehan，“New York Plan for DNA Data in Most Crimes”, in New York Times:


synonymic

He intended to publish a flora of the island, and drafted out a synonymic catalogue, into which he inserted from time to time elaborate descriptions drawn up from living specimens of the species which he was able to procure.

1999，J. G. Baker，Flora of Mauritius and the Seychelles:


antonymic

more antonymic (comparative)
most antonymic (superlative)

同類詞：coordinate、cohyponymous、parasynonymous、plesionymic、plesionymous、antiphrastic

Similarly, antonymic relationships vary by sense.

同样，反义关系也因意义而异。

2003，M. Lynne Murphy，Semantic Relations and the Lexicon: Antonymy, Synonymy and Other Paradigms，頁 30:


heiti

借自冰島語 heiti，源自古諾爾斯語 heiti，源自古諾爾斯語 heita (“稱作，叫做”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *haitaną (“稱呼，命名，呼叫，命令”)。hight和hote 的同源對似詞。

古諾爾斯語詩歌中用來代替事物普通名稱的詩意同義詞


antonymous

more antonymous (comparative)
most antonymous (superlative)


antonymously

more antonymously (comparative)
most antonymously (superlative)


latinize

latinizes (third-person singular present)
latinizing (present participle)
latinized (past participle)

Latinize的大小寫替代形式


latinizes

latinize 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


fridges

fridge 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


envisages

envisage 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


passive immunity

同類詞：active immunity


defenestrate

defenestration 的逆構詞，源自拉丁語 de- (“從，出”) + fenestra (“窗戶”)。

defenestrates (third-person singular present)
defenestrating (present participle)
defenestrated (past participle)

I defenestrated a clock to see if time flies!
我把钟扔出窗外，看看时间过得如何！

1998 September 25, Lane Smith, quoted in "TFK Q&A: Lane Smith and Jon Scieszka", in Time for Kids:

从权力或权威的位置上移除或开除

The cultural historians of science 'feel the need to defenestrate science, or at least take it off its pedestal' (Pumfrey. Rossi & Slawinski 1991. p. 3).

1998，Barry J. Fraser, Kenneth George Tobin，International Handbook of Science Education，卷 2:

Ever since he helped to defenestrate Richard Nixon in 1974, Mr Woodward has been a sort of super-reporter ...

自从1974年帮助将理查德·尼克松赶下台以来，伍德沃德先生一直是一位超级记者……

According to the guidebooks, they do it so strenuously that women would very much like to defenestrate the custom.

2004，Mary Carey, Kim Berquist，Writing from a Small Country: Anthology of the Creative Writing Club, Luxembourg:

從計算機中刪除Windows操作系統

This posting was written on a Windows 95 PC,

1998 December 17, Darren Salt <news@youmustbejoking.demon.com.uk>, "Re: Coding speccy games in the good 'ole days", message-ID <48B60EA729%news@youmustbejoking.demon.com.uk>, comp.sys.sinclair, Usenet http://google.com/group/comp.sys.sinclair/msg/8b00481a8be589d2:

◦ Enable one-click uninstalls of unwanted OS and application features with a Defenestrate icon.

2001 July 21, "Packet Rat" (pseudonym), "Judge Rat calls for a Microsoft defenestration", on GCN: Government Computer News:

Now of course people who want freedom shouldn't use Windows at all, you've got to defenestrate your computer, which means either you throw Windows out of the computer, or you throw the computer out the window.
当然，想要自由的人根本不应该使用Windows，你必须把你的计算机“defenestrate”掉，这意味着要么把Windows从计算机中删掉，要么把计算机扔出窗外。

2007 May 16, Richard Stallman, speech, Free Software and Beyond: Human Rights in the Use of Software and Other Published Works,


defenestrates

defenestrate 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


defenestrated

defenestrate 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


listy

more listy (comparative)
most listy (superlative)

Yes it will be helpful to make a list. I am a very 'listy' sort of person. And lists are very good when you are running out of motivation and impetus.

是的，列个清单会很有帮助。我是个很喜欢列清单的人。当你缺乏动力和动力的时候，清单就非常有用。

1999，Dominic H. Lam, Steven H. Jones, Peter Hayward，Cognitive Therapy for Bipolar Disorder:


fraudster

With a few exceptions, all those changes were published in the Ontario Gazette, a little-read compendium of government business that comes out every week. The province requires this by law, as do most Canadian jurisdictions, nominally to thwart fraudsters and deadbeats.
除少数例外，所有这些变化都刊登在《安大略公报》上。这是一份每周出版的、阅读量不大的政府事务概要。安大略和大多数加拿大司法管辖区一样，依法要求这样做，名义上是为了打击诈骗分子和赖账者。

2016 Eric Andrew-Gee Why and how Ontarians change their names in the 21st century The Globe and Mail

CPS MerseyCheshire welcomes the jailing of Helen Dove who conned her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed. Kimberley McDonnell lost around £50,000 because of the fraudster.

柴郡默西皇家检控署对海伦·多夫被判入狱表示欢迎，她曾欺骗朋友放弃工作，去从事一份根本不存在的梦想职位。金伯利·麦克唐纳因这名诈骗犯损失了约5万英镑。

2020年January29日，“Woman jailed for conning her friend into giving up her job for a dream post that never existed”, in CPS Mersey-Cheshire，London: Crown Prosecution Service, retrieved 2020-01-30:

Northern has made it harder for fraudsters to cheat checks on barcode season tickets. The operator has made it impossible for people to screenshot tickets from within the Northern app and then share the tickets for others to use.

北方铁路公司已采取措施，使作假者更难通过条形码季票在检票时浑水摸鱼。公司已禁止人们在北方铁路公司应用程序内截取车票截图，并将其分享给他人使用。

2023年February22日，“Network News: Northern thwarts barcode cheats”, in RAIL，期 977，頁 25:


defraude

defraudes (third-person singular present)
defrauding (present participle)
defrauded (past participle)


indemnifies

indemnify 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


merfolk

merfolks

人魚（腰以上是人形，腰以下是魚形）

人魚（腰以上是人形，腰以下是魚形）


proselyting

/ˈpɹɒsəlaɪtɪŋ/

proselyte 的現在時分詞和動名詞


proselyted

proselyte 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


indemnifying

indemnify 的現在時分詞和動名詞


indemnified

indemnify 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


paraffinate

paraffinates (third-person singular present)
paraffinating (present participle)
paraffinated (past participle)

paraffin (“用石蠟浸漬或處理”)之同義詞


paraffines

paraffine 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


cyclane

一种假想的碳氢化合物，C₆H₁₂，由排列成笼状结构的六个碳原子和十二个氢原子组成


WWE

WWF (前稱)

World Wrestling Entertainment (“世界摔角娛樂”)之首字母縮略詞。


WMF

Windows Media Format (“Windows 媒體格式”)之首字母縮略詞。

“WMF has operated in the past without staffing and with very minimal staffing, so clearly it’s _possible_^([sic]) to host a high traffic website on an absolute shoestring,” acknowledged the Foundation’s then VP of engineering, Erik Möller, in 2013.

2013年，基金会当时的工程副总裁 Erik Möller 承认：“維基媒體基金會过去一直在没有员工或人员配备极少的情况下运营，因此显然可以用极少的资金来托管一个高流量网站。”

2022年October12日，Andrew Orlowski，“The next time Wikipedia asks for a donation, ignore it”, in UnHerd:

World Monuments Fund (“世界文化遺產基金會”)之首字母縮略詞。

Every two years, the WMF adds new spots to its watch list, bringing awareness and helping garner funds for the sites’ ongoing protection.

每两年，世界文化遗产基金会都会将新的景点添加到其观察名单中，以提高人们的认识并帮助筹集资金以用于这些景点的持续保护。

2022年March1日，Francesca Street，“The endangered places on the World Monuments Watch list for 2022”, in CNN:


cause celebre

Shortly after he left Government service as a translator at the Supreme Court, the cause celebre was the assassination of a radically-minded (Sun Yat-sen supporting) school teacher in his own classroom by gunmen hired by the police chief in Canton.

1987，Anthony Sweeting，“A MIDDLEMAN FOR ALL SEASONS: SNAPSHOTS OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF MOK MAN CHEUNG AND HIS "ENGLISH MADE EASY"”, in Journal of the Hong Kong Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society，卷 27，頁 62:

Rubin "Hurricane" Carter, who died this week, was a boxer in the United States. He was convicted of a 1966 triple homicide in two trials and became a cause celebre, inspiring Bob Dylan's song Hurricane.

2014年April24日，Alex von Tunzelmann，“The Hurricane: the facts of Rubin Carter's life story are beaten to a pulp”, in The Guardian:


cause célèbre

源自法語 cause (“原因，起因；案件，訴訟”) + célèbre (“著名”)，最早出现于18世纪著名法律案例汇编Causes célèbres（《名案录》）的标题中。

轟動的案件，眾所周知的事件

Getting iced out by the tech giants turned Parler into a cause célèbre for conservatives who complained they were being censored, as well as a test case for the openness of the internet.

2021年February15日，Jack Nicas，“Parler, a Social Network That Attracted Trump Fans, Returns Online”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

As Musk has waged this pressure campaign, he has incessantly posted in support of the far right in Europe and their current causes célèbres.

2025年January10日，Ali Breland，“Elon Has Appointed Himself King of the World”, in The Atlantic:


HACCP

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points之簡寫。危害分析重要管制點，一種以科學為依據，保證加工系統流程的食品安全


lanches

lanch 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


Glasscock

有多個來源：
* 英格蘭住處姓氏：來源於斯塔福德郡格拉斯科特（Glascote）地區，源自古英語 glæs (“玻璃”) + cot (“小屋，庇護所”)。
* 威爾斯/威爾士住處姓氏：來源於蒙茅斯郡格拉斯科德（Glascoed），源自威爾士語 glas (“藍色”) + coed (“木頭”)。


Sandhya

借自梵語 संध्या (saṃdhyā，“黃昏”)。

源自梵語的女性人名，用於印度


butterfly stroke

As you begin to integrate butterfly into your workouts, begin with two to four full butterfly strokes from the wall, then swim easy freestyle for the remainder of the length.

2009，Jim Montgomery, Mo Chambers，“Butterfly”, in Mastering Swimming, →ISBN，頁 56:


skibob

雪犁，連橇（類似自行車的滑雪工具）


skibob

skibobs (third-person singular present)
skibobbing (present participle)
skibobbed (past participle)


exempli gratia

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 exemplī grātiā。

Exempli gratiâ, the venerable London Stone of many fables.

1869，Richard F[rancis] Burton，Explorations of the Highlands of the Brazil; with a Full Account of the Gold and Diamond Mines. Also, Canoeing Down 1500 miles of the Great River São Francisco, from Sabará to the Sea.，卷 I, London: Tinsley Brothers, […]，頁 172:

Even if the respondents had been liable for their administration to the same extent as private trustees, I should still have thought that it was not only within the competency, but that it was the duty of the Court, before pronouncing any decree, to consider how far the respondents might be entitled to recoup themselves, by taking, exempli gratia, the furniture of the school, or by accumulating the future income of these bequests, and what effect their so doing might have upon the efficient maintenance of the school.

1886，The Law Reports. […] Appeal Cases before the House of Lords and the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, Also Peerage Cases.，卷 XI, London: […] for the Council of Law Reporting by William Clowes and Sons, Limited, […]，頁 324:

See, exempli gratia, the encyclical of Leo XIII on the occasion of the third centennial of the Blessed Canisius, who organized, with Emperor Ferdinand, the first merciless repression of the Reformation in Austria.

1917 March–April，Alfredo Taglialatela，“The Church of Rome and Morality”, in The Methodist Review，volume XCIX, number 2 (whole 544) / fifth series, volume XXXIII, number 2, New York, N.Y., Cincinnati, Oh.: The Methodist Book Concern，頁 213:

There is not enough for certainty, but I set out below a possible scheme, exempli gratia.

1967，Zeitschrift für Papyrologie und Epigraphik [Journal of Papyrology and Epigraphy]，頁 78:


bounty hunter

Thus Django becomes the carrier of the “public use of one's reason”—the Kantian road to enlightenment given to him by the German “Forty-Eighter” dentist–turned-bounty hunter Dr. “King” Schultz, and represents the fictive, allohistorical beginning of the battle against slavery and racism in the United States.

2014年July31日，Quentin Tarantino's Django Unchained: The Continuation of Metacinema，Bloomsbury, →ISBN，頁 25:


Mrs Miggins

來自 Mrs + Miggins (姓氏)，可能因英國電視喜劇系列《黑爵士II》（首播於1986年1月9日至2月20日）中提及的角色Mrs Miggins而流行，該角色是一家派餅店的老闆，並在《黑爵士第三季》（1987年9月17日至10月22日）中作為咖啡店老闆娘出現。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-Mrs Miggins.wav

任何普通的女性，特別是年長的女性

其他形式：Mrs. Miggins

近義詞：woman on the street

I doubt that Mrs Miggins on the number 32 bus cares much about the plight of the yellow woodlouse.
我懷疑32號公車上的米金斯太太會關心黃色潮蟲的困境。

Many were the high expectations entertained by fond parents, of the rapid progress which their darlings would make, when placed under the tuition of the young man from college, that would teach without whipping, "Old man," said Mrs. Miggins (as I heard) to her husband, a sturdy farmer, "old man, our Jack is a mighty smart boy: I saw him the other day, when he wanted some cake go to the cupboard, take a long stick, pull it down on the floor, and then taking it up, he ran to me and cried out, 'Goodness, mother, look here what a piece of cake I found on the floor; may'nt I have it?' He is a mighty clever boy, and neighbor Johnson's son will teach him every thing that's smart."

慈愛的父母對他們的寶貝寄予很高的期望，認為在這位大學畢業、不用鞭打就能教學的年輕人指導下，孩子們會快速進步。「老頭子，」米金斯太太（據我所聞）對她那個結實的農夫丈夫說，「老頭子，我們的傑克是個非常聰明的孩子：前幾天我看到他想要蛋糕時，走到櫥櫃那裡，拿了一根長棍子，把蛋糕弄到地板上，然後撿起來跑到我面前喊道：『天哪，媽媽，你看我在地板上發現了什麼蛋糕；我可以吃嗎？』他是個非常聰明的孩子，鄰居強森的兒子會教他所有聰明的東西。」

1849 February，“The 'Moral Suasion' Theory”, in The University Magazine，卷 I, 期 2, Charlottesville, Va.: University of Virginia, →OCLC，頁s 53–54:

You can do nothing Evangelical without a tea-meeting. […] Mrs. Griggs and Mrs. Miggins are ready with their donation to your subscription list, but you must give them the opportunity of drinking Bohea in public before they will disburse.

沒有茶會就做不了任何福音派的事。 […] 格里格斯太太和米金斯太太已經準備好向你的認捐名單捐款，但你必須先給她們在公開場合喝紅茶的機會，她們才會掏錢。

1873，Iota [pseudonym; John Francis Waller]，“Hatchley Colne”, in The Adventures of a Protestant in Search of a Religion，London: R. Washbourne, […], →OCLC，頁 192:

It's all very well trusting users, but what happens if Mrs. Miggins brings in a floppy disk from home with some code on it written by her son.

信任用戶當然很好，但如果米金斯太太從家裡帶來一張磁片，上面有她兒子寫的一些程式碼，會發生什麼呢？

2003，Nigel Stanley，“Scalability and Security”, in Microsoft .NET Jumpstart for Systems Administrators and Developers，Burlington, Mass.: Digital Press, Elsevier Science, →ISBN，頁 150:

Instead, this government seems to see a Britain stymied by local vested interests, where our whole economic future is called into question because Mrs Miggins doesn't want a motorway through her back garden, or a nuclear power station built next door. […] Its solution is to cut Mrs Miggins – and anyone else who wants a say in what happens in their local neighbourhood – out of the process. Instead, big decisions will be taken by an appointed panel of "experts".

相反，這個政府似乎認為英國被地方既得利益集團所阻礙，我們整個經濟未來都受到質疑，因為米金斯太太不想要高速公路穿過她的後院，或者在隔壁建核電廠。 […] 它的解決方案是將米金斯太太——以及任何其他想要對當地社區發生的事情有發言權的人——排除在程序之外。相反，重大決策將由一個被任命的「專家」小組來決定。

2007年June4日，Mark Lynas，“Don't Blame Mrs Miggins”, in New Statesman，London: New Statesman Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2011-01-03:

For a mercifully short period, it felt as though the Today programme was dominated by high-level political debate over whether Labour could be blamed for the whole thing (in general, government spokesmen were not persuaded by this thesis), or whether Gordon Brown could take credit for Mr and Mrs Miggins and the Miggins brood getting home in one piece (the direction of this debate was not unpredictable either).

在令人慶幸的短暫時期內，《今日》節目似乎被高層政治辯論所主導，爭論的是工黨是否應該為整件事負責（總的來說，政府發言人對這個論點並不信服），或者戈登·布朗是否能為米金斯先生和米金斯太太以及米金斯一家安全到家而邀功（這場辯論的方向也是可以預料的）。

2010，Adam Boulton, Joey Jones，“Decision Time”, in Hung Together: The Cameron–Clegg Coalition，London: Simon & Schuster UK, 出版於 2012, →ISBN, part I (Campaign)，頁 80:

If Tesco want to invest and produce a front-end to interact and deal with Mrs Miggins and her interaction with Government, why shouldn't they be able to? Tesco don't want to get involved in a £1 billion procurement, but they want more up-sell to Mrs Miggins.

如果特易購想要投資並製作一個前端來與米金斯太太互動，處理她與政府的互動，為什麼不可以呢？特易購不想參與10億英鎊的採購，但他們想要向米金斯太太進行更多追加銷售。

2011年March15日，Public Administration Select Committee, House of Commons，引 Martin Rice, witness, Government and IT—"a Recipe for Rip Offs": Time for a New Approach: Twelfth Report of Session 2010–12 (HC 715-II)，卷s II (Oral and Written Evidence), London: The Stationery Office, 出版於 28 July 2011, →ISBN，頁 Ev 26，列 1:

[…] Volvo is a motoring minnow. They made around 450,000 cars last year. […] So Volvo announcing that it's going all electric is going to have the same effect on the world's carbon emissions as Mrs Miggins turning the thermostat down in her front room.

[…] 沃爾沃在汽車業只是小角色。他們去年製造了大約45萬輛汽車。 […] 所以沃爾沃宣布全面電動化對世界碳排放的影響，就像米金斯太太在客廳調低暖氣溫度一樣微不足道。

2017年July7日，Jeremy Clarkson，“Volvo going electric will have the same effect as Mrs Miggins turning down the heating in her front room”, in The Sun，London: News Group Newspapers, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2020-11-20:

Although asset managers ultimately manage money for private individuals – a point which they frequently shorthand by referring to the end investor under the patronising and arrogant generic term 'Mrs Miggins' – very few people working in the firms have had any contact with private individuals at all. […] [E]ven in the retail market the very large majority of relationships with end clients are mediated – it isn't actually necessary to meet Mrs Miggins, Mr Miggins or any other members of the Miggins family.

儘管資產管理公司最終是為個人投資者管理資金——他們經常用居高臨下且傲慢的通用術語「米金斯太太」來簡稱最終投資者——但在這些公司工作的人中很少有人與個人投資者有過任何接觸。 […] 即使在零售市場，與最終客戶的絕大多數關係都是間接的——實際上沒有必要見到米金斯太太、米金斯先生或米金斯家族的任何其他成員。

2018，Lucian Camp, Anthony Thomson，No Small Change: Why Financial Services Needs a New Kind of Marketing，Chichester, West Sussex: John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN:

From the moment you park up in a police car outside some little old lady's house, even if it's only to walk down the road to make an inquiry at a neighbour's, Mrs. Miggins will be convinced that you're there to tell her that one of her family has died in some tragic accident.

從你把警車停在某個小老太太家外面的那一刻起，即使你只是要走到路下去鄰居家詢問什麼，米金斯太太也會確信你是來告訴她家裡有人在某個悲劇事故中死亡的。

2022，Darren Moor，“Try Not to Frighten Mrs. Miggins Any More than You have Already”, in How to Survive Your Early Years as a Police Officer: Tips, Tactics and Humour for the Probationer and Beyond，Market Harborough, Leicestershire: Matador, →ISBN:


merguez

借自法語 merguez，源自阿爾及利亞阿拉伯語 مرقاز (margāz)。

梅格茲香腸 (源自馬格里布地區，以牛肉或羊肉製成的細長辣味香腸，通常用於燒烤)


Telenești

源自羅馬尼亞語 Telenești。

泰萊內什蒂（城市及區名，位於摩爾多瓦）


Cahul

源自羅馬尼亞語 Cahul。

卡胡爾（城市及區名，位於摩爾多瓦）


lunistice

借自拉丁語 *lūnistitium，於1650年所造，來自 lūna + sistō (“使站立；豎立”)，仿照 solstitium (“至點”)。


taguan

源自其在東印度地區的本地名稱。


foederatus

借自拉丁語 foederātus (“同盟的”)，源自 foedus (“联盟；条约”)。

/fiːdɛˈɹɑːtəs/

受条约约束的“联盟”部落，既不是罗马殖民地，也没有被授予罗马公民身份，但在发生动乱时要提供一支战斗人员队伍

In the middle stage, the Reges Gothorum saw themselves as something better than mere foederati.

2011，Norman Davies，Vanished Kingdoms，Penguin, 出版於 2012，頁 23:


calesce

calesces (third-person singular present)
calescing (present participle)
calesced (past participle)

Now [warming it over the spirit lamp] here it is becoming yellow again, and that is all because its attraction of cohesion is changed. And what will you say to me when I tell you that this piece of common charcoal is just the same thing, only differently calesced, as the diamonds which you wear?

1874，Michael Faraday，“Lecture II: Gravitation-Cohesion”, in On the Various Forces of Nature，London: Chatto and Windus，頁 58:

23. Drops of Water。 — In answer to E. J. Pond's query in Science for Jan. 20, it seems to me that the phenomenon is explainable in the same way as the related phenomenon of drops of water on a hot stove; […] The small drops that fall from the oar-blade will float a short time before calescing, even when no wind is blowing; […]

1888年February3日，C. M. Wirick，Science，卷 XI, 期 261，頁 62，列 2:


calescent

more calescent (comparative)
most calescent (superlative)


foederati

The third part of the vision was more conventional and it concerned lines of native princes descending from tribal leaders, or Roman foederati like Cunedda, or from Cadwaladr the Blessed, last Welsh king to claim over-lordship of Britain, in the seventh century, right down to the death of Llywelyn II in 1282.

[DATE?]: Prys Morgan, The Invention of Tradition, pUnknown


Lok Sabha

音譯自印地語 लोक सभा (lok sabhā)。

人民院（印度國會的下議院）

同類詞：Rajya Sabha


Rajya Sabha

音譯自印地語 राज्य सभा (rājya sabhā)。

聯邦院（印度國會的上議院）

同類詞：Lok Sabha


by no means

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-by no means.wav

By no means am I suggesting that euthanasia should be outlawed, but rather that we should look at its inherent risks.

我絕非主張安樂死應被列為非法，而是強調必須正視其潛在風險。

Is that all you’ve got to say? ―By no means. Let me explain further.

「你就只有這些要說嗎？」――不是。容我進一步說明。

For the Maine Garden, I doe not Deny, but there ſhould be ſome Faire Alleys, ranged on both Sides, vvith Fruit Trees; And ſome Pretty Tufts of Fruit Trees, And Arbours vvith Seats, ſet in ſome Decent Order; but theſe to be, by no Meanes, ſet too thicke; […]

1625，Francis [Bacon]，“Of Gardens”, in The Essayes […]，第3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC，頁 278:

He by no means gave up his shop. On the contrary, he kept well abreast of new discoveries. He followed the great movement of chocolates; he was the first to introduce "cocoa" and "revalenta" into the Seine-Inferieure.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part III Chapter XI, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling

Every photographer of experience has his own theories and methods of working, but for the last 14 years I have used a Leica exclusively, and have found it best adapted to the somewhat exacting demands of railway photography, which is by no means an easy branch of the art.

每位經驗豐富的攝影師都有自己獨特的工作理論與方法。過去十四年來，我始終專注使用徠卡相機，發現它最能滿足鐵道攝影的嚴苛要求——須知這絕非攝影藝術中輕鬆入門的領域。

1952 February，H[enry] C[yril] Casserley，“Permanent Wayfarings”, in The Railway Magazine，London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 78:

Well, during our short staycation at Humberston Fitties, just south of Cleethorpes, we cycled through the very unspoilt Lincolnshire Wolds, which are by no means flat and boring as conventional wisdom about the county suggests.

在克利索普斯以南的亨伯斯頓菲蒂斯短暫度假期間，我們騎行穿越了保持原始風貌的林肯郡丘陵——這裡絕非如外界對該郡的刻板印象那般平坦乏味。

2021年July28日，Christian Wolmar，“Forgotten by the Railways, but Ripe for the Exploring”, in Rail，期 936, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 35:


Islamic Republic of Iran

仿譯自伊朗波斯語 جُمْهوریِ اِسْلامیِ ایران (jomhurye âeslâmye âirân)。

伊朗伊斯蘭共和國（國家名，位於西亞）。（1979）

Carolina Chandlers Corp. has filed suit in U.S. District Court charging the Islamic Republic of Iran and its nationalized shipping line with failing to pay outstanding debts.

卡罗莱纳钱德勒公司已向美国地方法院提起诉讼，指控伊朗伊斯兰共和国及其国有航运公司未能偿还未偿债务。

1979年December1日，Debra Furr，“Chandler sues Iran shippers”, in Wilmington Morning Star，卷 113, 號 42, Wilmington, North Carolina，頁 1:

Ms. Amini, a 22-year-old Kurdish woman known as Jina in Kurdish, was stopped on Sept. 13 by the Islamic Republic of Iran’s morality police as she came out of Tehran’s Haghani metro station.

9月13日，22岁的库尔德女性阿米尼（库尔德语名 Jina）在走出德黑兰哈加尼地铁站时被伊朗伊斯兰共和国道德警察拦下。

2022年September30日，Mahsa Alimardani, Kendra Albert, Afsaneh Rigot，“Big Tech Should Support the Iranian People, Not the Regime”, in The New York Times:


condolent

more condolent (comparative)
most condolent (superlative)


condoles

condole 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


condolet

连接在电线导管上的一种配件，用于方便拉动和布线


delectate

源自拉丁語 dēlectātus，dēlectāre 的過去分詞。參見 delight。

delectates (third-person singular present)
delectating (present participle)
delectated (past participle)

使……高兴，使……著迷，使……快乐


fall ill

falls ill (third-person singular present)
falling ill (present participle)
fell ill (past)
fallen ill (past participle)

We come into contact with germ-infested surfaces all day, every day, but we don’t keep falling catastrophically ill.

我們終日接觸佈滿病菌的表面，卻不至於接連罹患重病。

2019年April25日，Samanth Subramanian，“Hand dryers v paper towels: the surprisingly dirty fight for the right to dry your hands”, in The Guardian:


Mecklenburg County

這兩個縣都以英王喬治三世王后梅克倫堡-施特雷利茨的夏綠蒂命名。

梅克倫堡縣 州，北卡羅來納名，位於美國。Seat：Charlotte。

梅克倫堡縣 州，弗吉尼亞名，位於美國。Seat：Boydton。


disburdens

disburden 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


disburdening

disburden 的現在時分詞和動名詞


disburdened

disburden 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


about-turns

about-turn 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


sex position

性交體位，性姿勢，性體位


transnational repression

Under the soon-to-be-enacted law, an individual is considered to have committed the offense of transnational repression if the person conspires to or commits certain crimes—including assault, harassment, stalking, causing an individual to leave or be confined in the United States, or retaliating against someone for engaging in protected First Amendment activities—on behalf of a foreign government or foreign terrorist organization, according to an analysis of the bill.

2025年May27日，The Epoch Times，Texas Gov. Abbott Signs Anti-Transnational Repression Law:


press release

The company sent out a press release announcing its new product.

该公司发布了一份新闻稿，宣布推出新产品。


conglutinant

對照法語 conglutinant 和拉丁語 conglūtināns（conglūtinō 的現在時主動分詞）；亦參見英語動詞 conglutinate 和 suffix -ant。

more conglutinant (comparative)
most conglutinant (superlative)

促使粘合的；尤指促使傷口愈合的


Black New World Order

在種族遊戲中的世界秩序，當中黑人男性對其他種族進行性統治和剝削


onychomancy

onymancy

一种古老的占卜方法，通过阳光在人的指甲上的反射形状来占卜

一种古老的占卜方法，通过阳光在人的指甲上的反射形状来占卜

I am still not sure what to make of this treatise on onychomancy, that is, divining by observing the fingernails, except that he accounted for the practice as an example of the acute application of observational technique to the signs and symbols left by intelligent nature for humans to decipher in view of some benefit.

2016，Brendan Dooley，Angelica's Book and the World of Reading in Late Renaissance Italy:


blood pressure

/ˈblʌd ˌpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/

the great majority of people who have serious conditions from high blood pressure suffer debilitating illness

绝大多数患有严重高血压的人都会患上衰弱性疾病

The nurse spent all day taking blood pressures at the hospital.

护士在医院里花了一整天的时间测量血压。


high blood pressure

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见high、blood pressure。

hypertension (“高血壓”，指異常、病理性的狀態)之同義詞


fute

futes (third-person singular present)
futing (present participle)
futed (past participle)


congregant

/ˈkɒŋ.ɡɹɪ.ɡənt/

/ˈkɑŋ.ɡɹɪ.ɡənt/

/ˈkɔŋ.ɡɹɪ.ɡənt/

The wedding was at Timmyʼs fatherʼs church, and all the female congregants had cooked a meal fit to feed a king.

婚礼在蒂米父亲的教堂举行，所有的女性会众都烹制了一顿足以招待国王的盛宴。

2016，Yaa Gyasi，Homegoing，Penguin Books (2017)，頁 123:

Did he have any regrets about signing “I’ll be back”? Some social-media congregants had criticized the message as “tacky” and “flippant,” among other things.

他后悔写下“我会回来的”了吗？一些社交媒体用户批评这句留言“俗气”、“轻率”等等。

2023年March8日，Mark Leibovich，“Arnold Schwarzenegger’s Last Act”, in The Atlantic:


fum

fums (third-person singular present)
fumming (present participle)
fummed (past participle)

Follow me, and fum as you go.

c. 1604，Thomas Dekker, John Webster，Westward Ho:


fum

The fum is a bird said to be found in no part of the world but China. It is described as of most admirable beauty, and if at any time absent, or long unseen, it is regarded as an omen of some misfortune to the royal family.

据说，世界上只有中国才有凤凰这种鸟。它被描述为极其美丽的鸟，如果消失或长期未见，就会被视为皇室不幸的预兆。

1823，Richard Sickelmore，The history of Brighton from the earliest period to the present time:


fums

fum 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


troopship

[…] the Duke of Rothesay and the Duke of York, however, are serving as troopships to and from Harwich, and it is unlikely that they will be released for some time to come.

然而，罗司榭公爵号和约克公爵号正在充当往返哈里奇的运兵船，而且在未来一段时间内不太可能离队。

1946 May and June，“Notes and News: Anglo-Irish Steamship Fleets”, in Railway Magazine，頁 185:

The former, on the other hand, would put his troopships safely out of its reach.

另一方面，前者会将他的运兵船安全地置于其攻击范围之外。

1990，Peter Hopkirk，The Great Game，Folio Society, 出版於 2010，頁 65:


onychology

甲科學（研究人手指甲、腳趾甲的科學）


onycho-

源自國際科技詞彙，表示一種新拉丁語的結合詞形，源自古希臘語 ὄνυξ (ónux)。

與指甲、腳趾甲及類似結構（如爪子、蹄）有關的


ants on a log

起於1959年，其中的葡萄干形似蚂蚁，芹菜杆形似木头，故名。

Serve up an old favorite, ants on a log...celery sticks filled with peanut butter and sprinkled with raisins. Or substitute dried cranberries to make fire ants on a log, just for fun!

来点儿经典老菜——木上蚂蚁……芹菜条里塞满花生酱，再撒上葡萄干。或者用蔓越莓干代替，做成木上火蚁，也挺有意思的！

2014，Mom Knows Best Cookbook，Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN，頁 45:


popcorns

popcorn 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


ants

ant 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


frighteningly

more frighteningly (comparative)
most frighteningly (superlative)

The pitcher that was set before me was frighteningly large.

摆在我面前的水罐大得吓人。

Risk is everywhere.[…]For each [kind] there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you. “The Norm Chronicles”[…]aims to help data-phobes find their way through this blizzard of risks.

风险无处不在。 […] 每种风险都存在着一个极为精确的衡量标准，可衡量它从阴影中跳出来并袭击你的可能性有多大。《规范编年史》 […] 旨在帮助数据恐惧症患者在这场风险风暴中找到出路。

2013年June22日，“Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8841，頁 76:


stammers

stammer 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


stammered

(話語) 磕磕絆絆的，不流利的


stammered

stammer 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


excitotoxicity

興奮毒性（神经递质（尤其是谷氨酸盐）对神经细胞的持续过度刺激）


Muse

繼承自中古英語 Muse，源自拉丁語 Musa，源自古希臘語 Μοῦσα (Moûsa)。

存在複數 Musae，但比 Muses 罕見得多。

And hears the Muſes in a ring,
Ay round about Joves Altar ſing.

听到缪斯们在宙斯
祭坛周围歌唱。


Muse

借自撣語 မူႇၸေႊ (mùu tse᷈e)。

木姐（城市名，位於緬甸撣邦州）


stuntperson

stuntpersons (plural)
stuntpeople (plural)


ghost ship

When Hayes turned to Jephson's contribution, he found that it commenced with a description of the famous ghost ship, the Marie Celeste, being towed into Gibraltar harbor.

2014，Valerie Martin，The Ghost of the Mary Celeste，Hachette UK, →ISBN:


thighbone

源自晚期中古英語。等價於 thigh + bone。


AIGC

artificial intelligence generated content (“人工智能生成內容”)之首字母縮略詞。。


auto-generated

自動生成的（多指由程式）

auto-generated subtitles


involtino

肉捲（薄片肉卷在馅料上煮熟）


paperbacks

paperback 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


zir

借自阿拉伯語 زِير (zīr)。

埃及和苏丹常见的一种大型陶罐，用于储水


zir

z (性別中性（如 ze）) + i (him/his) + r (her) 組成的混成詞。

Appendix:英語第三人稱單數代詞

性別中性第三人稱單數賓格代詞，等價於單數的 them，對應 him 和 her。

However, it soon became very lonely as none of Alice’s school friends could see zir anymore and they soon forgot all about zir.

然而，爱丽丝很快就变得非常孤独，因为爱丽丝的学校朋友再也见不到TA，他们很快就忘记了TA。

2002，Lynsey Calderwood，Cracked: Recovering After Traumatic Brain Injury，Jessica Kingsley Publishers, →ISBN，頁 155:


zir

與 ze (性別中性主語，對應 he/she) 一起使用。

zir 的；性別中性第三人稱單數所有格形容詞，等價於單數的 their，對應 his 和 her。

… just when it seemed like zie was beginning to get a handle on zir teapot and form normal relationships – although one could hardly call zir twice-weekly sexual encounters with the March Hare ‘normal’ …


ziz

Well one lunch-time when we're full of soup and sausages and tea, and we're just off to the bungalow to get the old feet up for half an hour or so, and maybe a quick ziz with a bit of luck, we hear a chirpy sort of small-size growl in the spring sky […]

1998，Harold Strachan，Way Up, Way Out，頁 126:


on tiptoe

小心安靜地踮起腳尖移動；躡手躡腳

We crept out on tiptoe so as not to awake the children.

我们踮着脚尖悄悄地走了出去，以免吵醒孩子们。


Beersheba

借自希伯來語 בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע (b'ér shéva)。

/bɪə(ɹ)ˈʃiːbə/

/bɛə(ɹ)ˈʃeɪbə/

貝爾謝巴（城市名，位於以色列）


mops

mop 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


mops

借自德語 Mops (“巴哥”)，源自荷蘭語 mops。


Shadow Cabinet

整體詞：shadow government

分體詞：shadow minister

In April, Sir Keir Starmer replaced Corbyn as Labour leader and set about creating his own shadow cabinet.

今年4月，基尔·斯塔默爵士取代科尔宾成为工党领袖，并着手组建自己的影子内阁。

2020年June17日，Jim McMahon tells Richard Clinnick，“Stepping out of the shadows”, in Rail，頁 39:


tribo-

源自古希臘語 τρίβω (tríbō，“摩擦”)。


UFO religion

Raelians follow a UFO religion.

More particularly, and important for understanding much UFO religions, is Blavatsky's belief that certain masters dwelt on Venus.

更具体地，对于理解许多幽浮宗教来说，重要的是布拉瓦茨基相信某些大师居住在金星上。

2003，Christopher Hugh Partridge，UFO religions，Routledge，頁 10:

UFO religions are even stranger than science fiction.

幽浮宗教比科幻小说更奇怪。

2004，Susan J. Palmer，Aliens adored: Raël's UFO religion，Rutgers University Press，頁 3:

UFO religions drink deeply from the waters of occulture, while, at the same time, seeking to reconcile their ideas with a contemporary secular and scientific worldview.

幽浮宗教深受神秘文化的影响，同时又试图将其思想与当代世俗和科学世界观相协调。

2006，Christopher Hugh Partridge，The re-enchantment of the West: alternative spiritualities, sacralization, popular culture, and occulture，Continuum International Publishing Group，頁 167:


dissatisfies

dissatisfy 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


dissatisfying

dissatisfy 的現在時分詞和動名詞


dissatisfyingly

more dissatisfyingly (comparative)
most dissatisfyingly (superlative)


persecuted

persecute 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


persecutes

persecute 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


persecuting

persecute 的現在時分詞和動名詞


alumnuses

2 No more for us yon tuneful bell shall ring for morning prayers, / No more to long Biennial we’ll mount you attic stairs; / Our recitations all are passed—Alumnuses you know, / We’ll swell the praises long and loud of Alma Mater O— / Oh! Alma Mater O, &c.

1867，Ferd V. D. Garretson，Carmina Yalensia: A Complete and Accurate Collection of Yale College Songs with Piano Accompaniment，New York: Taintor Brothers, Parting Song.，頁 21:

This gentleman, whom you will immediately recognize as one of our oldest Alumnuses, is Mr. A. Squirrel who will accept a peanut from a Columbia professor of higher mathematics as quickly as he will from a Freshman, which shows that he gets along pretty well as far as being a squirrel goes, but hasn’t much sense otherwise.

BEHOLD—ye oldest and most faithfulest of the alumnuses.

1921，Ohio State University Monthly，卷 12, 期 6，頁 25:

Prototypical rehabilitation equipment produced by alumnuses of Technical School for Workers at Bielsko-Biała

1972，Polish Scientific Periodicals，頁 75:

And if he accepts any favors, large or small，源自“overzealous alumnuses,” he runs the risk of seeing his school put on probation, receiving sanctions, or even getting the “death penalty,” which means no football program for two years—that thing SMU received in 1987.

1989，Dan Jenkins，You Call It Sports, But I Say It's a Jungle Out There，Simon & Schuster, →ISBN，頁 27:


æquilibrium

Now in a ſpherical fluid, all whoſe parts gravitate towards the Centre, I think it is evident from the principles of Hydroſtaticks and fluidity, that all thoſe Bodies which are equally diſtant from the Centre, muſt be equally preſt with the weight of the incumbent fluid, and if one part come to be more preſſed than another, that which is moſt preſſed will thruſt that out of its place which is leaſt, till all the parts come to an æquilibrium one with another, and this is known by a common and eaſy experiment, if you take a recurved tube as in the figure, [Fig. 4. Plate II.] and fill it with water or any other fluid, it will riſe equally in both Legs of the Tube, ſo that the ſurfaces C E and F I are equally preſſed by the weight of the incumbent columns B C E D, G F I H, but if one of the Legs of this Tube ſhould be filled with oil, or ſome other lighter fluid, and the other with water, the lighter fluid will riſe higher than the other, for otherways, theſe ſurfaces which are equally diſtant from the Centre could not be equally preſſed.

1734, John Keill, Maupertuis, An Examination of Dr. Burnet’s Theory of the Earth, page 93:


bravadoing

bravado 的現在時分詞和動名詞


bravadoed

bravado 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


turns over

turn over 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


turning over

turn over 的現在時分詞和動名詞


turned over

turn over 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


wears one's heart on one's sleeve

wear one's heart on one's sleeve 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


wearing one's heart on one's sleeve

wear one's heart on one's sleeve 的現在時分詞和動名詞


dementiae

It is not just that what has been served up in our two opera houses has been either inertly routine or strangely misguided, but that this should be accepted as the norm by both public and press that induces all manner of dementiae.

1973年December29日，The Spectator，頁 849，列 4:

Approximately 20% of all dementiae can be reversed if they are correctly diagnosed and treated.

1986，The Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry，頁 508，列 1:

Or, second, are these imitation responses related to the oral reflex observed in the development of certain senile dementiae?[…]If such an analogy made sense, this would mean that neonatal imitation might be a reflex similar to the grasping reflex or to the cardinal points, reflexes which disappear in the first six months of life and, in some cases, reappear in senile dementiae.

1990，Claude-Alain Hauert，“Developmental Psychology: A Brief Inventory of Fixtures”, in Developmental Psychology: Cognitive, Perceptuo-Motor and Neuropsychological Perspectives (Advances in Psychology; 64)，North-Holland，頁s 421–422:

The increasing aging of the population determines a constant growth of the dementiae until becoming a real epidemic.

1993，Recent Advances in Aging Science，頁 723:

Dementiae can arise from such things as depression, drug reactions and nutritional deficiencies as well as from brain disease.

1998 November，Judy Dothard Simmons，“Alzheimer’s Disease News Mixed: Prevention, cure still elusive but treatment picture improves”, in The New Crisis: The Magazine of Opportunities and Ideas，頁 33，列 1:

“Hello?” she said. I tried to gauge by the tone of her voice and the look in her eyes the stage of her mind’s undoing, but she was not my mother, and no two dementiae sing the same tune.

2005，Rafi Zabor，I, Wabenzi: A Souvenir，New York, N.Y.: Farrar, Straus and Giroux，頁s 91–92:


blinden

blindens (third-person singular present)
blindening (present participle)
blindened (past participle)

The race for success has blindened him, making him incapable to lucidly appraise his work and to judge it by higher and more exacting standards than those prevailing in local, more modest competitions.

She laughed at my attempt, and I got a pull of the ears for daring to blinden myself.

2008，Olabisi Gwamna，Dancing with Shadows and Other Stories:


blindens

blinden 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


blindening

blinden 的現在時分詞和動名詞


blindened

blinden 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


tea ceremony

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tea ceremony.wav

若不加限定，則一般指的是日本茶道。


chanoyu

借自日語 茶の湯 (ちゃのゆ, cha no yu)。


guoxue

借自官話 國學／国学 (guóxué)。

In recent years, education officials have made a number of proposals, including revising elementary and middle school textbooks to increase the proportion of guoxue, or the study of Chinese culture, and reducing the importance of English on some versions of the gaokao, or university entrance examination, in favor of a greater emphasis on the Chinese language.

近年来，教育官员提出了许多建议，包括修改中小学教科书，增加国学（即中国文化研究）的比例，并降低某些地方高考（即大学入学考试）对英语的重视程度，更多地强调汉语。

2015年September30日，Amy Qin，“A Fervor to Glimpse ‘China’s Mona Lisa’”, in New York Times: