panegyrical

more panegyrical (comparative)
most panegyrical (superlative)

The days of description (personal and panegyrical) are passing rapidly away.

1831，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XII, in Romance and Reality. […]，卷 II, London: Henry Colburn and Richard Bentley, […], →OCLC，頁 167:

Birmingham, indeed, has recently been styled "the best governed city in the world"--a title that is, perhaps, a trifle too full and panegyrical to find ready and general acceptance.

1900，Thomas Anderton，A Tale of One City: The New Birmingham:


party

parties (third-person singular present)
partying (present participle)
partied (past participle)


oozy

oozier (comparative)
ooziest (superlative)


ovation

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-ovation.wav


personate

personates (third-person singular present)
personating (present participle)
personated (past participle)


quantum

借自晚期拉丁語 quantum。


quantum

借自晚期拉丁語 quantum。


passage

繼承自中古英語，源自古法語 passage，源自 passer (“通過”)。

passage of scripture

She struggled to play the difficult passages.

她尽力演奏那些困难的乐段。

He made his passage through the trees carefully, mindful of the stickers.

他小心翼翼地穿过树林，留意着粘人的东西。

議會通過法案 （自17世紀）

The company was one of the prime movers in lobbying for the passage of the act.

该公司是游说此法案通过的主要推动者之一。

the Northwest Passage


passage

繼承自中古英語，源自古法語 passage，源自 passer (“通過”)。

passages (third-person singular present)
passaging (present participle)
passaged (past participle)

将病原体或干细胞等物质通过宿主或媒介传递

He passaged the virus through a series of goats.

他将病毒传染给了一系列山羊。

After 24 hours, the culture was passaged to an agar plate.

24小时后，将培养物传代至琼脂平板。

開闢一條（尤指海上的）通道

They passaged to America in 1902.

他们于1902年移居美国。


passage

繼承自中古英語，源自古法語 passage，源自 passer (“通過”)。

不到一岁，但已经离开鸟巢，獨自生活

Passage red-tailed hawks are preferred by falconers because these younger birds have not yet developed the adult behaviors which would make them more difficult to train.

不到一岁的离巢红尾鹰是猎鹰者们的首选，因为这些幼鸟尚未发育出成年鸟的行为，所以训练起来不会那么困难。


passage

After a spring or two, the horse passaged and reared, and lighting on a flat slab of rock which cropped up in the middle of the road, slipped sideways and fell with a loud crash […]


passenger

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒɚ/

/ˈpæsɪnd͡ʒə/

/ˈpæsənd͡ʒə/

unscheduled passenger


quickly

繼承自中古英語 quykly, quikliche, quicliche, cwikliche, cwickliche，來自古英語 cwiculīċe。

quicklier (comparative)
more quickly (comparative)
quickliest (superlative)
most quickly (superlative)


purplish

more purplish (comparative)
most purplish (superlative)


protection

/pɹʌˈtɛkʃən/

/pɹəˈtɛkʃən/


openable

more openable (comparative)
most openable (superlative)


protectionism

借自法語 protectionnisme。By surface analysis, protection + -ism。

/pɹəˈtɛkʃənɪzəm/


protectionist

源自法語 protectionniste。By surface analysis, protection + -ist。

more protectionist (comparative)
most protectionist (superlative)

This is because most member countries still hold a very much protectionist stance when it comes to the service sector.

这是因为大多数成员国对服务业仍然持强烈的保护主义立场。

2008，International Transport Forum, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, SourceOECD (Online service)，17th International ITF/OECD Symposium on Transport Economics and Policy: benefiting from globalisation : transport sector contribution and policy challenges : introductory reports and summary of discussion : 25-27 October 2006, Berlin, →ISBN，頁 171:

The "national security" grounds were gauzy at best; the 232 tariffs were classically protectionist.

“国家安全”的理由充其量也只是模棱兩可的；232关税是典型的保护主义。

2020年June23日，John Bolton，The Room Where It Happened, →ISBN，頁 185:


purposive

more purposive (comparative)
most purposive (superlative)


passivating

passivate 的現在時分詞和動名詞


quartic

描述此類方程或函數的曲線


purslane

來自古法語 porcelaine，可能變自拉丁語 porcilaca (“馬齒莧”)（與portulaca (“馬齒莧”)）有關，參見法語porcelaine (“瓷”)。

purslain (alternative)
purslanes (plural)

ASPARAGUS, cauliflowers, imperial Sileſia, royal and cabbage lettuces, burnet, purſlain, cucumbers, naſturtian flowers, peaſe and beans ſown in October, artichokes, ſcarlet ſtrawberries, and kidney beans.

1767，A Lady [Hannah Glasse]，The Art of Cookery Made Plain and Eaſy […] ，頁 326:

西伯利亚春美草，pink purslane (Claytonia sibirica)


polygon

來自古希臘語 πολύγωνον (polúgōnon)，來自πολύς (polús，“多”) + γωνία (gōnía，“角”)。

這樣一個圖形的內部的整體


quill

quills (third-person singular present)
quilling (present participle)
quilled (past participle)


peruse

peruses (third-person singular present)
perusing (present participle)
perused (past participle)


oscillograph

With Dr. Ewing brainstorming and Dr. Worzel leading the designers, the team slapped together precursors of more precisely manufactured measuring devices: a camera to take photos thousands of feet below the ocean’s surface, with a coffee-can lid for a flash reflector and a thick, diner-style drinking glass as its casing; a seismograph timed by a modified railroad pocket watch; an oscillograph, to record electrical changes, run by a motor from a toy electric train.

2009年January26日，Dennis Hevesi，“J. Lamar Worzel, Expert on Ocean’s Depths, Dies at 89”, in New York Times:


perversity

perverse + -ity，源自中古法語 perversité，源自拉丁語 perversitas.


rabid

狂熱的; 疯狂的
參見：rabies


pretest

pretests (third-person singular present)
pretesting (present participle)
pretested (past participle)


pastoral

/ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/


pastoral

/ˌpæsˈtɔːɹəl/


quincunx

借自拉丁語 quīncunx。


Peshawar

借自烏爾都語 پشاور (piśāvar)，古典波斯語 پَرَشَاوَر (parašāwar)的讹变，最终来自梵語 पुरूषपुर (purūṣapura)。

/pɛˈʃəˌwɑːr/

白沙瓦（城市，省会名，位於巴基斯坦开伯尔-普什图）。


pusher

推動的某人或某物（自16世紀）

同類詞：pushee


reciprocating

有一個或多個前後和上下運動的活塞

其機械裝置依靠往復運動的

reciprocating behavior


rubbing

繼承自中古英語 rubbinge、rubbynge，等價於 rub + -ing。

He was delighted to come across a little-worn crest of the old Great Eastern Railway, never dreaming that such a relic would still be in use, and was taking a pencil-rubbing to add to his collection.

1951 April，R. S. McNaught，“Railway Enthusiasts”, in Railway Magazine，期 600，頁 271:


rubbing

rub 的現在時分詞和動名詞


pussy

And although, as someone recently said to me, they are not "designer" (she had expected my pussies to be expensive, with a pedigree), to me my cats are the most beautiful in the world.
儘管正如最近有人對我說的那樣，它們不是「設計師」（她本來以為我的貓咪會很貴，有血統），但對我來說，我的貓咪是世界上最漂亮的。

2007, Liz Jones, "Are cats the new dogs?", The Independent, 17 Nov 07:

對女孩或女人親熱的稱呼 （16世紀－）

If Lloyd George’s endearments to mistress Frances Stevenson – “My darling Pussy. You might phone… on Friday if you can come. Don’t let Hankey see you” – had been made similarly public, would he have maintained his own reputation as a towering statesman?
如果勞埃德·喬治對情婦弗朗西斯·史蒂文森的愛慕─我親愛的小貓。你星期五…可以打電話，如果你能來的話。不要讓漢克看到你─也同樣被公開，他還能保持自己作為一個高大政治家的聲譽嗎？

2010, Jojo Moyes, "Why love letters are better left unread", The Telegraph, 3 Jun 2010:

女性的陰部。（17世紀－）

You have a lovely pussy!

There's a lot of disagreement about where that word came from. Pussy is actually a diminutive of pusillanimous, meaning cowardly. Although maybe the origin doesn't matter, since everyone equates it with the female anatomy anyway?

關於這個詞的來源，有很多分歧。pussy 實際上是「pusillanimous」的縮略語，意思是「懦弱」。儘管也許起源並不重要，因為無論如何每個人都把它與女性的解剖結構等同起來？

[2016，Alexandra Sirowy，The Telling (young adult fiction), Simon & Schuster，頁 6:

柔軟而毛茸茸的東西；一種花序，如褪色柳的柳絮。（19世紀－）

和女性性交 （20世紀－）

I’m gonna get me some pussy tonight.

我今晚要去找些小妞來肏。

The teachers are not there to help you. Most oft them are still freelancers and the last thing they want is more competition. They are there because they need a steady paycheck and they hope to score some pussy!

老師們不是來幫助你的。他們中的大多數人仍然是自由職業者，他們最不想看到的是更多的競爭。他們在那裡是因為他們需要一份穩定的薪水，而且能搞到一些馬子！

1991，Daniel Clowes，Art School Confidential:

懦夫，膽小鬼。（20世紀－）

You're such a pussy!

You ought to hear some of the docs that are the sweetest old pussies with their patients—the way they bawl out the nurses. But labs—they seem sort of real. I don't suppose you can bluff a bacteria—what is it?—bacterium?

你應該聽聽那些對病人最可愛的老娘們儿的說法--他們對護士吆喝的方式。但是，實驗室--它們似乎有點真實。我不認為你能唬住一個細菌─它是什麼？─細菌？

1925，Sinclair Lewis，Martin Arrowsmith (fiction), Harcourt Brace & Company:

I couldn't carry the burden of shame engendered by the bully-boy advertising of "max-strength" cold and flu remedies, the obvious subtext of which is "Get to work, you pussy."

我無法承擔「最大強度」的感冒和流感藥的霸道廣告所帶來的恥辱負擔，其明顯的潛台詞是「去工作吧，你這個娘們」。

2007年November26日，Matt Keating，“Do everyone a favour and don't bring your cold to work”, in The Guardian，存檔自the original on 2014-10-06:

Shepard: You're in a bad situation, and I'm going to get you out of here.
Jack: Shit, you sound like a pussy.

謝潑德：你的處境很糟糕，我會帶你離開這裡。
傑克：操，你聽起來像個娘們。

2010，BioWare，Mass Effect 2，Redwood City: Electronic Arts, 經由 PC, →OCLC，幕：Prison Ship Purgatory:

男人的肛門，通常是同性戀性行為的被動參與者


pussy

pussier (comparative)
pussiest (superlative)


pussy

more pussy (comparative)
most pussy (superlative)


patchouly

patchouli (“薄荷屬植物”)的另一種拼寫法


pestle

pestles (third-person singular present)
pestling (present participle)
pestled (past participle)


photovoltaic

But the truly impressive part of this entry is the photovoltaic film that has been applied to the platform and entrance roofs (all 272 square metres of it). It is a UK first for the railway, and is expected to generate 36kW of electricity to meet the needs of the station itself and to feed the surplus back to the grid.

2021年September22日，“National Rail Awards 2021: Denmark Hill Station Enhancement Project”, in RAIL，期 940，頁 39:


reckoning

reckon的動名詞，來自reckon + -ing。對照荷蘭語 rekening、德語 Rechnung。

reckon 的現在時分詞和動名詞


reckoning

By that reckoning, it would take six weeks to go five miles.

按此推算，走五哩路要花上六個星期。

So saying, he called for a reckoning for the wine, and throwing down the price of the additional bottle which he had himself introduced, rose as if to take leave of us.

day of reckoning

The research presented in this paper is the most comprehensive and up-to-date reckoning of an expanding set of portmanteau terms based on the word English.

2018，James Lambert，“A multitude of ‘lishes’: The nomenclature of hybridity”, in English World-Wide，頁 18:

帳單或支票，尤指在旅館或酒館


overdose

/ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌdəʊs/

藥劑過量，用藥過量，吸毒過量

to die of a heroin overdose


overdose

overdoses (third-person singular present)
overdosing (present participle)
overdosed (past participle)

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈdəʊs/

Be careful not to overdose on those pills.

She overdosed on cocaine.

They still had Sergio Agüero to bring off the bench and the Etihad was overdosing on optimism. For the game to finish with an aggregate 5-1 score distorts the fact the occasion was full of drama and suspense until Salah’s goal conclusively changed the complexion of the evening.

2018年April10日，Daniel Taylor，“Liverpool go through after Mohamed Salah stops Manchester City fightback”, in The Guardian (London):


patelliform

more patelliform (comparative)
most patelliform (superlative)


putrescent

more putrescent (comparative)
most putrescent (superlative)


revulsive

more revulsive (comparative)
most revulsive (superlative)


ossuary

派生自晚期拉丁語 ossuārium。


pet name

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见pet、name。

My boyfriend won't let me call him by his pet name, Pookie, in public.

我的男朋友不允許我在大庭廣眾之下叫他的小名 Pookie。


ostalgia

ostalgia (aws.TAL.juh, ohs-)
n. Nostalgia for the goods, symbols, and culture of the former East Germany. Also: ost-algia, ostalgie. (German: ost, east + nostalgie, nostalgia.)
名词。对前东德时期的物品、符号以及文化的怀旧之情。也做：ost-algia, ostalgie。（德语：ost， east+ nostalgie, nostalgia.）


register

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/

The teacher took the register by calling out each child's name.

老師以點名的方式對每個孩子進行登記。

When the microprocessor decodes the JSR opcode, it stores the operand into the TEMP register and pushes the current contents of the PC ($00 0128) onto the stack.

當微處理器解碼 JSR 操作碼時，會將操作碼儲存到 TEMP 暫存器，並將 PC 的目前內容 ($00 0128) 推入堆疊。

1992，Michael A. Miller，The 68000 Microprocessor Family: Architecture, Programming, and Applications，頁 47:

If you can trace back through the disassembly to where the variable is first loaded into a register, you can often discover its value or its address by inspecting that register.

2014，Jason Gregory，Game Engine Architecture, Second Edition，頁 90:

同類詞：lect

We rewrote certain communications templates to use a more formal register.

It seems equally clear that the ‘Complement + Prepositionʼ order illustrated in (172) (a) is likewise highly marked, and hence subject to heavy restrictions on its use. And sure enough, this does indeed seem to be the case: for one thing, forms such as thereafter, herein, whereby are stylistically highly marked (e.g. they are only used in particular registers such as legal language).

1988，Andrew Radford，章號 5, in Transformational grammar: a first course，Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press，頁 275:

While e-memos are less formal than the memos discussed [above], they still need to be professional in appearance and in register, that is, in the level of formality.

2021，Laurel Currie Oates, Anne Enquist, Jeremy Francis，章號 19, in The Legal Writing Handbook: Analysis, Research, and Writing (8th Edition)，Wolters Kluwer，頁 278:


register

registers (third-person singular present)
registering (present participle)
registered (past participle)

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tə/

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪs.tɚ/

Tottenham, who lost William Gallas to injury before the end, struggled to find any sort of response and did not register a single shot on target.

2011年November3日，Chris Bevan，“Rubin Kazan 1 - 0 Tottenham”, in BBC Sport [BBC體育]:

In every way dinner proved up beyond my expectations, and I registered a note that the cook, whoever or whatever he might be, was a capable man at his trade.

晚餐的各個方面都超出了我的預期，我記下了廚師的名字，不論他是誰，都是一個能幹的人。

1914，Jack London，章號 VII, in The Mutiny of the Elsinore:


required

require 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


required

more required (comparative)
most required (superlative)


baldric

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-baldric.wav


registrar

源自中世紀拉丁語 registrārius，源自 registrum (“登記”) + -ārius (“施事名詞後綴”)。更多請見 register。

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪsˌtɹɑɹ/

登記員 大學裡負責保存入學和學業成績紀錄的官員

登記員 負責保存與博物館或檔案館收藏相關的記錄的人員

登記員 司法法庭的首席執行官，負責該部門的整個登記工作

在一些國家接受高級專業培訓以成為顧問的醫生


baleen

來自中古英語 baleyne，來自古法語 baleine (“鯨、鯨鬚”)，來自拉丁語 balaena (“鯨”)，來自古希臘語 φάλαινα (phálaina，“鯨”)。

“You have probably never seen anything like this before, Mr. Toler. It is baleen, or if you prefer it, whalebone, taken from the mouth of the bowhead whale. It is used by the whale to filter its food.”

1954，Alexander Alderson，章號 5, in The Subtle Minotaur:

Scammon estimates the number of baleens killed in the years 1835-72 at 131,000; once again, his figure needs to be adjusted.

2007，Lance E. Davis，In Pursuit of Leviathan: Technology, Institutions, Productivity, and Profits:

The Balene is a fishe great and huge, much like to the Whale, and is so called, because of his outcasting and shedding of water, for they throwe water higher then other great fishes of the sea.


roc

西班牙語 rocho、ruc，源自阿拉伯語 رُخّ (ruḵḵ)，源自波斯語 رخ (rox)。

鵬，大鵬；東方傳說中的一種巨大神鳥

"By this time the sun was about to set, and all of a sudden the sky became as dark as if it had been covered with a thick cloud. I was much astonished at this sudden darkness, but much more when I found it occasioned by a bird of a monstrous size, that came flying toward me. I remembered that I had often heard mariners speak of a miraculous bird called Roc, and conceived that the great dome which I so much admired must be its egg. In short, the bird alighted, and sat over the egg. As I perceived her coming, I crept to the egg, so that I had before me one of the legs of the bird, which was as big as the trunk of a tree. I tied myself strongly to it with my turban, in hopes that the roc next morning would carry me with her out of this desert island. After having passed the night in this condition, the bird flew away as soon as it was daylight, and carried me so high, that I could not discern the earth;

The Arabian Nights Entertainment. Tale 4. Sinbad. The Second Voyage.


Rhadamanthus

源自拉丁語，源自古希臘語 Ῥαδάμανθυς (Rhadámanthus)。

/ˌɹæ.dəˈmæn.θəs/

拉达曼迪斯，冥土判官之一

It was in vain to be a Rhadamanthus with the bells, and if an unfortunate bell rang without leave, to have it down inexorably and silence it.


quixotic

:源自堂吉诃德（Don Quixote）的姓名，加后缀 -ic 形容词化。

more quixotic (comparative)
most quixotic (superlative)

想入非非的，不实际的，异想天开的


Rufus

源自拉丁語 rūfus (“紅色的”)。

新約中提到的兩個人（馬可福音 15:21、羅馬書 16:13）

Salute Rufus chosen in the Lord, and his mother and mine.

又問在主蒙揀選的魯孚和他母親安；他的母親就是我的母親。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC:

源自拉丁語的男性人名，最早使用於17世紀


recommended

/ˌɹɛkəˈmɛndɪd/

recommend 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


pyogenic

more pyogenic (comparative)
most pyogenic (superlative)


pathologically

more pathologically (comparative)
most pathologically (superlative)


ballasting

ballast 的現在時分詞和動名詞


regulation

/ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/

/ˌɹɛɡjəˈleɪʃən/


resectable

more resectable (comparative)
most resectable (superlative)


polystyrene

It was 30 times lighter and more flexible than the polystyrene that had previously been used.

它比以前使用的聚苯乙烯轻30倍，而且更灵活。

1996年April2日，Julia Campbell，“Ray McIntire, 77, Dow Engineer And the Inventor Of Styrofoam”, in The New York Times:


rodomontade

/ˌɹɑ.dəˌmɑnˈtɑd/


rodomontade

more rodomontade (comparative)
most rodomontade (superlative)

/ˌɹɑ.dəˌmɑnˈtɑd/


rodomontade

rodomontades (third-person singular present)
rodomontading (present participle)
rodomontaded (past participle)

/ˌɹɑ.dəˌmɑnˈtɑd/


resentment

“I Love Lisa” opens with one of my favorite underappreciated running jokes from The Simpsons: the passive-aggressive, quietly contentious relationship of radio jocks Bill and Marty, whose mindless happy talk regularly gives way to charged exchanges that betray the simmering resentment and disappointment perpetually lingering just under the surface of their relationship.

2102年August5日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “I Love Lisa” (season 4, episode 15; originally aired 02/11/1993)”, in AV Club:

It is a greater wonder that so many of them die, with so little resentment of their danger.

The Council taking notice of the many good services performed by Mr. John Milton […] have thought fit to declare their resentment and good acceptance of the same.


rhetoric

繼承自中古英語 rethorik，來自拉丁語 rēthoricus、rhētoricus，來自古希臘語 ῥητορῐκός (rhētorĭkós)。


rhetoric

繼承自中古英語 rethorik、rhetoric，來自古法語 rhetorique，來自拉丁語 rhētorica，來自古希臘語 ῥητορική (rhētorikḗ)，ῥητορικὴ τέχνη (rhētorikḕ tékhnē)的省略，來自ῥητορικός (rhētorikós，“關於公共演說”)，來自ῥήτωρ (rhḗtōr，“公共演說家”)。

Transport Minister Marples, meanwhile, used arrogant rhetoric and showed his personal contempt for railways when confirming in Parliament that a third of the network was to be closed even before the survey results were known.

2023年March8日，Howard Johnston，“Was Marples the real railway wrecker?”, in RAIL，期 978，頁 53:

It’s only so much rhetoric.


rummy

未知，來源有許多種假說。可能與 rum 有關，經由撲克牌俚語傳入，或最終源自德語 Ruhm。


rummy

rummier (comparative)
rummiest (superlative)

a rummy flavour

“You say rummy things and you do rummy things. What I mean to say is, you're impulsive.”

1920，P. G. Wodehouse，Jill the Reckless，頁 28:


rummy

No one has forgotten Frank Dodd, the crossing guard who went crazy here twelve years ago and killed those women, and they haven't forgotten the dog, either, the one that came down with rabies and killed Joe Camber and the old rummy down the road from him.


primrose

/ˈpɹɪm.ɹəʊz/


recooking

recook 的現在時分詞和動名詞


rationalise

源自法語 rationaliser。By surface analysis, rational + -ise。

rationalises (third-person singular present)
rationalising (present participle)
rationalised (past participle)

/ˈɹæʃənəleɪz/

rationalize在非牛津英式英語的标准拼写

The eastern bore became disused in 1972-73, when its rails were lifted as part of a British Rail scheme to rationalise trackwork in and around King's Cross.

2020年June17日，“Gasworks Tunnel”, in Rail，頁 36:


rehouse

rehouses (third-person singular present)
rehousing (present participle)
rehoused (past participle)

The existing collection of paintings will be rehoused in the new gallery.

現存的藏畫將會保存到新的畫廊。


recording

record 的現在時分詞和動名詞

Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.

2013年June7日，David Simpson, Issac Stone，“Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 26，頁 36:


recording

The one-party consent law permits the recording of telephone calls with the consent of at least one of the parties.

單方同意法允許在至少一方的同意之下將電話內容錄音。

I made a recording of the TV show so that I could watch it later.

我把電視節目錄製了下來，這樣我可以以後再看。


pomegranate

石榴（意思1）
石榴樹（意思2）
名詞衍生自中古英語 pome-garnet、pome-garnete、pome garnate、pome granat、pome-granate (“石榴果；石榴樹；石榴種子(?)”) [以及其他形式]，來自盎格魯-諾曼語 pome gernate、pomme gernette、中古法語 pomme granade、pomme granate、pomme grenade、和古法語 pome grenade、pome grenate、pomme grenate [以及其他形式] (現代法語 grenade)，可能來自意大利語 pomogranato、pomo granato (雖然是後來才被證實)，和其他可能的說法：
* 來自意大利語 pomo (“果實、梨果；蘋果”) + 拉丁語 (mālum) grānātum、(mālo)grānātum (“石榴”)；或
* 直接來自中世紀拉丁語 pōmum garnātum、pōmum grānātum (“石榴”)，來自拉丁語 pōmum (“果實；果樹”) + grānātum (“石榴”)。Pōmum的源頭可能衍生自原始印歐語 *h₂po-h₁ém-os (“脫下”) (摘除植物的意思上)，來自*h₂epó (“離開；關閉”) + *h₁em- (“分發；拿”)；然而grānātum是衍生自grānātus (“有一些穀物或種子”)，來自grānum (“穀物、種子、小果仁”) (可能源頭來自原始印歐語 *ǵerh₂- (“成熟，老成”) + *-nós (動詞性形容詞後綴)) + -ātus (表示從名詞擁有某種質量或事物的形容詞後綴)。
形容詞衍生自名詞。

/ˈpɒmɪ(ˌ)ɡɹænɪt/

/ˈpɑmɪˌɡɹænɪt/

/ˈpɑməˌɡɹænət/

/ˈpɑmˌɡɹænət/

Here the blue fig with luſcious juice o'erflows, / With deeper red the full pomegranate glows, / The branch here bends beneath the weighty pear, / And verdant olives flouriſh round the year.

1725，Homer, [Alexander Pope], transl.，“Book VII”, in The Odyssey of Homer. […]，卷 II, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC，頁 106，行s 148–151:

The seeds of the pomegranate, for example, were widely used to prevent conception in the ancient world and they are still used in India, East Africa, and the Pacific.

2001, Vern L. Bullough (editor), Herbal Contraceptives and Abortifacients, Encyclopedia of Birth Control, page 125

Persephone is taken to the underworld by Hades to be his queen. She willingly eats a seed of pomegranate and is forced to spend every winter with her husband in the land of the dead, symbolizing the yearly decay and revival of vegetation. […] In Judaism, the number of seeds in a pomegranate is said to be the exact number of mitzvah, or spiritual duties required of a devout Jew.

2005, Payam Nabarz, The Mysteries of Mithras: The Pagan Belief That Shaped the Christian World, page 79,

The pomegranate is a subtropical fruit about the size of a large apple.

2006, Wayne Gisslen, Professional Cooking, College Version, page 683,

The grilled leeks are then drizzled with a gorgeous, ruby-red pomegranate vinaigrette.

2011, David Joachim, Fire It Up: 40 Recipes for Grilling Everything, page 310,

The pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) originates from Persia, and is cultivated in western and central Asia and in the Mediterranean region; it is also grown commercially in California. […] The predominant parasitic nematodes affecting pomegranate are the root knot nematodes, M.^([Meloidogyne]) incognita, M. acrita and M. javanica (McSorley, 1981).

2005, Fahiem E. El-Borai, Larry W. Duncan, 12: Nematode Parasites of Subtropical and Tropical Fruit Tree Crops, M. Luc, Richard A. Sikora, J. Bridge (editors), Plant Parasitic Nematodes in Subtropical and Tropical Agriculture, 2nd Edition, page 481,

The pomegranate is the tree of knowledge in some myths. In others, it is linked with the underworld, […].

In this experiment, the average Zn concentration of leaf in four pomegranate cultivars was between 12.0 and 19.8mg/kg in the control (Fig. 2a).

2008, M. N. V. Prasad, Trace Elements as Contaminants and Nutrients, page 225,

石榴色：像石榴果皮的顏色

pomegranate：

具有英國血統的人，尤指（最近）移民到澳大利亞的人


pomegranate

more pomegranate (comparative)
most pomegranate (superlative)

/ˈpɒmɪ(ˌ)ɡɹænɪt/

/ˈpɑmɪˌɡɹænɪt/

/ˈpɑməˌɡɹænət/

/ˈpɑmˌɡɹænət/

顏色像石榴的果肉或果皮的；深紅或橙紅的


prior

more prior (comparative)
most prior (superlative)


prior

修道院副院长，小修道院院长


backlocking

backlock 的現在時分詞和動名詞


reinitialize

reinitialise (alternative)
reinitializes (third-person singular present)
reinitializing (present participle)
reinitialized (past participle)


backout

來自動詞短語back out。

火箭發射前因出現故障而進行的反向倒計時


prisoner

繼承自中古英語 prisoner，來自古法語 prisonier (對照中世紀拉丁語 prisōnārius)，等同於prison + -er。

任何違反其意願而被囚禁的人

Captain Edward Carlisle, soldier as he was, martinet as he was, felt a curious sensation of helplessness seize upon him as he met her steady gaze, her alluring smile ; he could not tell what this prisoner might do.

1910，Emerson Hough，章號 I, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise，Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

被某種情況或某種環境限制或困住或感到被限制或困住的人

I am no longer a prisoner to fear, for I am a child of God.


backscratcher

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-backscratcher.wav


privately

more privately (comparative)
most privately (superlative)

私自；私下地；以私人方式地；背地里。


raven

ravens (third-person singular present)
ravening (present participle)
ravened (past participle)


bananas

more bananas (comparative)
most bananas (superlative)

I am astonished, really astonished, that you didn't put away some dough. You must be bananas.

1975, Saul Bellow, Humboldt's Gift [Avon ed., 1976, p. 377]:


reis

葡萄牙及巴西的旧货币单位


rectal

The customs inspector subjected him to a rectal exam.

海關檢查員讓他去做直腸檢查。


rectal

Most doctors feel a rectal examination is unnecessary following a full pelvic examination, so that rectals are not routinely performed on women.

1988, Judith Campbell, J. Golick, Sexuality: An Education Resource Book (page 53)


pawn

馬前卒; 被他人利用於自己目的的人


pawn

pawns (third-person singular present)
pawning (present participle)
pawned (past participle)


rooftop

there may be snow on the rooftop but there is fire in the furnace

Why do you think the rooftop of their apartment building is called "tar beach"? (Answers may vary.)

1993，Liz Rothlein，Multicultural Books for Primary Grades:

Riding the District west of Hammersmith, you immediately know something exciting is coming up, because at Ravenscourt Park you are level with the rooftops.

2012，Andrew Martin，Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube，Profile Books, ISBN 978-1846684777，頁s 79–80:

The house itself was a mound of red baked bricks and a tin rooftop.

2012，Ernest Alanki，The Chocolate Shop Perverts:


ponytail

The physician should evaluate for a history of tight ponytails, buns, chignons, braids, twists, weaves, cornrows, dreadlocks, sisterlocks, and hair wefts in addition to the usage of religious hair coverings.

醫生應評估患者是否有綁緊馬尾、髮髻、髮髻、辮子、扭紋、編織、玉米辮、髒辮、姊妹鎖和髮束的歷史，以及是否使用過宗教頭飾。

2021，Becky S. Li, Howard I. Maibach，Ethnic Skin and Hair and Other Cultural Considerations，頁 154:


ponytail

ponytails (third-person singular present)
ponytailing (present participle)
ponytailed (past participle)

“Don't mention it,” she said, ponytailing her hair and then sockbunning it with amazing speed.

「別客氣，」她說道，一邊把頭髮紮成馬尾辮，一邊以驚人的速度把頭髮紮成髮髻。


poodle

來自德語 Pudel，Pudelhund的短形式，為Hund (“狗”)和德國低地德語 Pudel的組詞，Pūdel (“水坑”)，來自擬聲詞pudeln (“潑濺聲”)。


resole

resoles (third-person singular present)
resoling (present participle)
resoled (past participle)


rejuvenesce

rejuvenesces (third-person singular present)
rejuvenescing (present participle)
rejuvenesced (past participle)


backtrack

backtracks (third-person singular present)
backtracking (present participle)
backtracked (past participle)


paraffin

paraffins (third-person singular present)
paraffining (present participle)
paraffined (past participle)


paraffine

He cleared out the coals from under the staircase, built a neat fire of firewood and paper there, he splashed about paraffine and arranged the lamps and can even as he had designed, and made a fine inflammable pile of things in the little parlour behind the shop.

他清理了楼梯下的煤炭，用木柴和纸在那儿生了一堆整齐的火，洒上煤油，按照设计摆放好灯和罐子，然后在商店后面的小客厅里堆放了一堆易燃的东西。

1909，H. G. Wells，章號 8, in The History of Mr Polly，New York: Grosset & Dunlap，頁 214:


paraffine

paraffines (third-person singular present)
paraffining (present participle)
paraffined (past participle)


pope

源自中古英語 pope，popa，源自古英語 pāpa，源自通俗拉丁語 papa (牧師和主教的頭銜，到 8 世紀只有羅馬主教)，源自早期中古希臘語 παπᾶς (papâs，牧師和主教的頭銜，尤其是公元 3 世紀的亞歷山大主教)，源自後期 古希臘語 πάπας (pápas，牧師和主教的稱號，意為精神之父)，源自πάππας (páppas，“爸爸”)。

cleric

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。

do not sit in Rome and strive with the Pope

在英語用法中，這個術語最初通常是指羅馬主教，儘管這個埃及頭銜實際上更為古老。在科普特教會內，亞歷山大牧首通常被稱為教皇~;在東正教內部，其獨特的亞歷山大牧首正式被稱為“亞歷山大教皇”，但通常僅在禮拜儀式和官方文件中才這樣稱呼。

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。 任何類似“絕對正確”的權威。

Þa wæs in þa tid Uitalius papa þæs apostolican seðles aldorbiscop.

ante''' 950, translating Bede's Ecclesiastical History (Tanner), iv. i. 252

The Pope is not going to issue a bull condemning the Spanish Church's support of France and destroy the Church's right to exist in Spain.

1959 August 19, Flannery O'Connor, letter in Habit of Being (1980), 347

I really did want to interview the pope. Any pope. I'm not particular.

2007 May 5, Ted Koppel (guest), Wait, Wait... Don’t tell me!, National Public Radio

We often say, that every man has a pope in his belly.

我們常說，每個人的肚子裡都住著一位教宗。

1689，G. Bulkeley，“People's Right to Election”, in Andros Tracts，出版於 1869, II. 106:

Burne-Jones... accepted him [Dante Gabriel Rossetti] as the infallible Pope of Art.

Both [discoveries] were rejected offhand by the popes of the field.

Above all, the SED reformers cite the progress inherent in the emancipation of Westem Communist parties from the "red popes in the Kremlin."

最重要的是，德國統一社會黨的改革者指出，西方共產黨從克里姆林宮的"紅色教皇"手中解放出來，取得了內在的進步。

1978，Atlas World Press Review，卷 25，頁 19:

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。 任何類似的宗教領袖。

In þat yle dwelleth the Pope of hire lawe, þat þei clepen lobassy.

大約1400, John Mandeville, Travels (Titus C.xvi, 1919), 205

Mufti, the Mahometan pope or chief of the religion.

穆夫提，伊斯蘭教的教宗或宗教領袖。

1787，Vincent Mignot，譯者 A. Hawkins, The history of the Turkish, or Ottoman Empire, section IV:

Although Islam has no formal hierarchy of clergy, Tantawy [Egypt's grand imam] often is called the Muslim pope.

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。

神權統治者，祭司國王，包括（起初特別）祭司約翰的虛構土地或（現在）在比喻和頭韻用法中。

Eche day there etyn in his court xii erchebeshopis and xx bishopis, and the patriak of Seynt Thomays is as here pope.

ante''' 1500, John Mandeville, Travels (Rawl., 1953), 103

Ramone, known as ‘the Pope of Pop’ is one of the top record producer-engineers in the world.

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。 英國傳統上在蓋伊福克斯日及其他時間焚燒教皇的肖像。

This is the only piece in which the author has given a hint of his religion, by ridiculing the ceremony of burning the pope, and by mentioning with some indignation the inscription […]

這是作者唯一暗示其宗教信仰的作品，他嘲笑焚燒教皇的儀式，並憤慨地提到了銘文[…]

1830，Alexander Pope，The Poetical Works of Alexander Pope，頁 xxi:

As York's succession was challenged by burning the pope, the Duke of Monmouth was again heralded in the city as a Protestant alternative.

由於約克的繼承權因焚燒教皇而受到挑戰，蒙茅斯公爵再次在該城被譽為新教徒的替代者。

2005，Gary S. De Krey，London and the Restoration, 1659–1683, →ISBN，頁 182:

羅馬天主教羅馬主教的榮譽稱號，他是教會的神父和領袖，也是梵蒂岡城國的君主。 教宗日，即現在的蓋伊福克斯日。

亞歷山大科普特主教作為其教會之父和領袖的榮譽稱號。

亞歷山大東正教主教作為其獨立教會的神父和領袖的榮譽稱號。

早期基督教會的任何主教。

All notable Bishops were then called popes.

All Bishops in that time had the Stile of Pope given them, as now we call every one of them, My Lord.

當時所有的主教都被授予教宗的稱號，現在我們稱呼他們每一位「大人」。

1703，U. Chevreau，Hist. World, III. v. 379:

梅花鱸，一種小型歐亞淡水魚（Gymnocephalus cernua）；同屬的其他物種。

Byfleet-river, wherein are very large pikes, jack, and tench ; perch, of eighteen inches long ; good carp, large flounders, bream, roach, dace, gudgeons, popes, large chub, and eels.

弗利特河畔，有非常大的梭子魚、傑克魚和丁鯛；鱸魚，長十八吋；優質鯉魚、大比目魚、鯿魚、擬鯉、雅羅魚、鮈魚、梅花鱸、大鰱魚和鰻魚。

1792，William Augustus Osbaldiston，The British Sportsman, Or, Nobleman, Gentleman and Farmer's Dictionary of Recreation and Amusement，頁 176:

It resembles the perch (unfortunately for itself) in having a very long and prickly fin on its back, advantage of which is taken by the boys about Windsor, who are very fond of 'plugging a pope.' This operation consists in fixing a bung in the sharp spines on the poor pope's back fin, and then throwing him into the water.

它與鱸魚很相似（對它自己是不幸的），背上有一個很長且多刺的鰭，溫莎周圍的男孩們就利用了這一點，他們非常喜歡“堵住梅花鱸”。這行動包括將塞子塞進可憐的梅花鱸背鰭上的尖刺中，然後將他扔進水中。

1862，Francis T. Buckland，Curiosities of Natural History，頁 230:

Popes are caught whilst gudgeon-fishing with the red worm, but they are sometimes a great nuisance to the perch-fisher, as they take the minnow.

在用紅蟲釣魚時可以捕獲梅花鱸，但它們有時會給鱸魚捕撈者帶來很大的麻煩，因為它們會吃掉小魚。

1865年January14日，Astley H. Baldwin，“Small Fry”, in Once a Week，頁 105:

Alca genus; 6 species, including the razorbill, the penguin, the pope, and others.

Alca 屬；6 個物種，包括刀嘴海雀、企鵝、大西洋海鸚和其他物種。

1759，“Linnæus's Systema Naturæ”, in The Gentleman's Magazine，頁 456:

The Pope: This is a very singular bird; it is about the size of our widgeon, or somewhat larger, but is not quite so large as the duck: the head is large and rounded; the eyes are small, and stand forward on the head, and lower down than in the generality of birds [...]

1773，John Hill，“Alca”, in A General Natural History，卷 3，頁 442:

"About a hundred yards further North" says Troutbeck, "is a 'subterraneous' cavern called the Pope's Hole, about fifty fathoms under the ground, into which the sea flows, so called from a sort of bird which roosts in it by night, about ninety feet high above the level of the water."!! [...] It derives its name from its being a place of shelter to some puffins, vulgo "popes".

1822，George Woodley，A view of the present state of the Scilly Islands，頁s 264–5:

The Norsemen catch great numbers of these popes, parrots, or lunder, as they are variously named, and train dogs to go into the holes where the puffin has its nest, lying in it with feet in the air.

1864，Charles Issac Elton，Norway: The Road and the Fell，頁 94:

I was informed by a fisherman that there were now hundreds of gannets in the channel off Plymouth, and that he had also met with some puffins (which he called "popes")

1874，J. Van Voorst，Zoologist: A Monthly Journal of Natural History，頁 3904:

The Pope is of a bright blue round the head; on the throat it is of a fine red, and on the back of a gold green colour, it sings very finely and is the size of a canary bird.

1771，M. Bossu，Travels Through that Part of North America Formerly Called Louisiana，卷 1，頁 371:

The birds [of Louisiana] are the partridge, cardinal and pope, and a species of mocking bird, called the nightingale.

1806，Berquin-Duvallon，Travels in Louisiana and the Floridas, in the Year, 1802: Giving a Correct Picture of Those Countries，頁 122:

[...] some others, such as the crow, the heron, and the wild goose, which are found in Europe, I also observed ; but the most beautiful are the pope bird, whose head seems bound with the most bright azure blue, and the cardinal, being entirely of dazzling scarlet [...]

1821，Édouard de Montulé，A Voyage to North America, and the West Indies in 1817，頁 54:

From the sketch of the bird which you have sent us, there is no doubt about its being the Pope Grosbeak, which is a species of the Cardinal, but not the crested one.

1864年August6日，The Journal of Horticulture, Cottage Gardener, and Country Gentleman，頁 100:

The Pope is a native of Brazil, and the female (it is altogether incongrouous to think of a lady pontiff) exactly resembles her mate.

1883，William Thomas Greene，The amateur's aviary of foreign birds: or, How to keep and breed foreign birds，頁 96:

SIR,—I should be glad to learn how to treat Pope birds (Crestless Cardinals) when nesting.

1895，A. A. Thom，“Dominican cardinals”, in The Avicultural Magazine，頁 128:

Besides the Bicheno's Finches in this Class, the judge disqualified, in other Classes, a pair of Magpie Mannikins and a pair of Popes. These entries were presumably all disqualified on the ground that they were not true pairs: they are all birds in which the outward differences between the sexes (if there be any outward difference at all) are of an extremely slight and uncertain nature.

The wisest plan is always to keep the Pope Cardinal in an aviary, and to have only one pair to each aviary.

1956，Foreign birds for cage and aviary，卷 4，頁 20:


pope

Pope (alternative)
popes (third-person singular present)
poping (present participle)
poped (past participle)

Paul popith Jolyly, that woll desire the worlde to pray for the kinges apeyrement.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1537, T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman, Life & Lett. Cromwell (1902), II. 89

Vrban the eight, that now Popeth it.

1624，R. Montagu，Gagg for New Gospell?, xiii. 95:

He would pope it in his own way, God guiding him.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

I saw where the Pope poped and where the pigeons flocked. Pretty interesting if you're Catholic and like pigeons.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1989 September 24, Los Angeles Times, iii. 22/1

I'm not going to ‘Pope’ until after the war (if I'm alive).
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

大約1916, in Evelyn Waugh's Life R. Knox (1959), ii. i. 142

A prominent Anglican priest had, to use the term generally employed on these occasions, ‘Poped’—that is, left the Church of England in order to become a Roman Catholic.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）


pope

與 bishop (“熱紅酒和香料酒”)類似。

任何被認為與主教酒相似且更勝一籌的熱紅酒（傳統上包括託卡伊酒）。

When made with Burgundy or Bordeaux, the mixture was called Bishop; when with old Rhenish, its name was Cardinal; and when with Tokay, it was dignified with the title of Pope.

1855，C. W. Johnson，Farmer's & Planter's Encycl. Rural Affairs，出版於 1157, section 1:

‘Pope’, i.e. mulled burgundy, is Antichristian, from no mere Protestant point of view.

1920，G. Saintsbury，Notes on Cellar-bk., xi. 162:

Pope, a spiced drink made from tokay..., ginger, honey and roasted orange.

1965，O. A. Mendelsohn，Dict. Drink, section 264:

Many of these hot drinks have clerical names—Bishop being a type of mulled port, Cardinal using claret, and Pope Champagne.


pope

源自俄語 поп (pop)，源自古教會斯拉夫語 попъ (popŭ)，源自 中古希臘語 παπᾶς (papâs) 如上所述。

pop的另一種寫法，一名俄羅斯東正教牧師。

The other Ecclesiastical Orders are distinguish'd into Proto-popes, Popes, (or Priests) and Deacons.

1662，A. Olearius，譯者 J. Davies, Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors, section 139:

Every priest is called pope, which implies father.

1756，Compend. Authentic & Entertaining Voy., V. 202:

In the non-Roman rites diocesan priests are often referred to as popes.

1996 September 20, Daily Telegraph, 25/5


pope

The Whipperwill has so named itself by its nocturnal songs. It is also called the pope, by reason of its darting with great swiftness, from the clouds almost to the ground, and bawling out Pope!

1781，S. Peters，Gen. Hist. Connecticut, section 257:

Common Nighthawk... Pope (Conn[ecticut]. From the sound made by its wings while dropping through the air).

1956，Massachusetts Audubon Soc. Bull., 40 81:


peaceful

繼承自中古英語 peesful, pesful, paisful, pesefull。

more peaceful (comparative)
peacefuller (comparative)
peacefuler (comparative)
most peaceful (superlative)
peacefullest (superlative)
peacefulest (superlative)


relax

源自中古英語 relaxen ← 古法語 relaxer ← 拉丁語 relaxāre (“放鬆，解開”) ← re- (“回”) + laxāre (“解開”) ← laxus (“鬆的”)。

relaxes (third-person singular present)
relaxing (present participle)
relaxed (past participle)


resourceful

more resourceful (comparative)
most resourceful (superlative)


peacock

peacocks (third-person singular present)
peacocking (present participle)
peacocked (past participle)


peafowl

來自pea (“孔雀”) + fowl。對照冰島語 páfugl (“孔雀”)、瑞典語 påfågel (“孔雀”)、丹麥語 påfugl (“孔雀”)。


pythonic

more pythonic (comparative)
most pythonic (superlative)


respect

respects (third-person singular present)
respecting (present participle)
respected (past participle)


respectable

more respectable (comparative)
most respectable (superlative)


populous

在英語最早出現於15世紀中葉；源自拉丁語 populosus (“人口密集的，人口众多的”)。

more populous (comparative)
most populous (superlative)

India is the most populous country in the world.

印度是世界上人口最多的國家。

Chinese is the most populous language.

The Sino-Tibetan family includes Mandarin, the most populous language in the world, spoken by more than one billion Chinese.

汉藏语系包括普通话，这是世界上使用人数最多的语言，有超过十亿中国人使用普通话。

1974，Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, Nina M. Hyams，An Introduction to Language, →ISBN，頁 524:

The Nile delta is a populous region.

尼羅河三角洲是個人口稠密的地區。

Airport departure halls are often populous places during the rush hours.

机场出发大厅在高峰时段通常非常拥挤。


resplendent

more resplendent (comparative)
most resplendent (superlative)


begrudge

繼承自中古英語 bigrucchen (“對...發牢騷”)，等同於be- (“在，對，向”) + grudge。對照英語 begrouch。

begrudges (third-person singular present)
begrudging (present participle)
begrudged (past participle)

Okay, then, next time you go and leave me stay here. See if I begrudge you a little fun.

1958 May，Avram Davidson，“Or All The Seas With Oysters”, in Galaxy Science Fiction，卷 16, 號 1，頁 50:

A defeat would have been harsh on the Gunners, especially after an improved rearguard action in the second half, but few could begrudge the German side a point from a match they dominated for long spells.

2011年September13日，Sam Lyon，“Borussia Dortmund 1 - 1 Arsenal”, in BBC:


parakeet

來自中古法語 perroquet，可能是人名Pierre的指小詞；一些異體形或許經由意大利語 parrocchetto、西班牙語 periquito。

paroquet (alternative)
parrakeet (alternative)
parroket (alternative)
parroquet (alternative)
perokito (alternative)
parakeets (plural)

作為寵物養的在大英國協會員中則稱為“budgie”或“budgerigar”。

we had loved them for our pastimes, as we do apes, monkies, or perokitoes, and not as man.

1603，Michel de Montaigne，章號 8, in John Florio（譯者）, The Essayes […]，book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC:

According to one legend, the parakeets escaped from the set of The African Queen, John Huston's 1951 film made at Shepperton studios.

2009, Patrick Barkham, The Guardian, 12 Oct 2009:


pharmacognosy

來自古希臘語 φάρμᾰκον (phármăkon，“醫學”) + 古希臘語 γνῶσις (gnôsis，“知識”)。


reddish

more reddish (comparative)
most reddish (superlative)


bibliomania

To collect books indiscriminately tends to develop the dread bibliomania.

1922，P. B. M. Allan，The Book-Hunter at Home，第2nd版, London: Philip Allan & Co.，頁 58:


pharyngeal

/ˌfæɹɪnˈdʒiːəl/

/fəˈɹɪndʒəl/


restaurant

借自法語 restaurant，為restaurer的現在分詞，對應拉丁語 restaurans, restaurantis，restauro (“恢復”)的現在分詞，源自第一家餐廳提供的“使精力恢復”湯的名稱。

That Italian restaurant serves some of the best food I've ever had in my life.

那家意大利餐廳做的菜是我這輩子吃到過最好的。

By one o'clock the place was choc-a-bloc. […] The restaurant was packed, and the promenade between the two main courts and the subsidiary courts was thronged with healthy-looking youngish people, drawn to the Mecca of tennis from all parts of the country.

1935，George Goodchild，章號 5, in Death on the Centre Court:


borne

“Can't you understand that love without confidence is a worthless thing—and that had you trusted me I would have borne any obloquy with you. […] ”

1907, Harold Bindloss, The Dust of Conflict, chapter 21:


borne

In the last rays of the setting sun, you could pick out far away down the reach his beard borne high up on the white structure, foaming up stream to anchor for the night.

1901, Joseph Conrad, Falk: A Reminiscence:

When, bright with purple and with gold,
Come priest and holy cardinal,
And borne above the heads of all
The gentle Shepherd of the Fold.

1881 Oscar Wilde, "Rome Unvisited", Poems, page 44:

Irving is further required, as a matter of practice, to spell out what he contends are the specific defamatory meanings borne by those passages.

c. 2000, David Irving v. Penguin Books and Deborah Lipstadt, II:


readme

（软件的）讀我檔案，说明

Remember, there may be many readmes in many different locations within the patch itself. Search and read all readmes before proceeding.
請記住，補丁本身的許多不同位置可能有許多讀我檔案。 在繼續之前搜索並閱讀所有讀我檔案。

2004, Barbara Matthews, John Stouffer, Karen Brownfield, Installing, Upgrading and Maintaining Oracle Applications III


pickled

pickle 的簡單過去時和過去時分詞


pickled

more pickled (comparative)
most pickled (superlative)

But Richmond[…]appeared to lose himself in his own reflections. Some pickled crab, which he had not touched, had been removed with a damson pie; and his sister saw[…]that he had eaten no more than a spoonful of that either.

1959，Georgette Heyer，章號 1, in The Unknown Ajax:


rely

借自古法語 relier (“使固定、束缚、使附属、附加、强迫、集中”)，源自拉丁語 religo (“使固定、绑紧”)，源自re- + ligo。

relies (third-person singular present)
relying (present participle)
relied (past participle)

(與on/upon連用，過去也與in連用) 倚赖，倚靠，信任，信赖，依赖


bicker

bickers (third-person singular present)
bickering (present participle)
bickered (past participle)


phasmophobia

恐鬼症；幽靈恐怖；對鬼魂的恐懼

He also suffered from hypsophobia, a certain fear of elevated places, and the typical scotophobia and phasmophobia associated with churches, graveyards and solitary places in the dark of night.
#*:: 他還患有恐高症，即對高處的某種恐懼，以及與黑夜中的教堂、墓地和獨處場所有關的典型的惧黑症和恐鬼症。

2008, E a Bucchianeri, Faust: My Soul Be Damned for the World (卷2, 頁55)


rotor

源自 rotator 的不規則縮略。rota和ruote 的同源對似詞。


rich

richer (comparative)
more rich (comparative)
richest (superlative)
most rich (superlative)

it is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich man to enter into the kingdom of God


rich

riches (third-person singular present)
riching (present participle)
riched (past participle)


richen

richens (third-person singular present)
richening (present participle)
richened (past participle)


pheasant

繼承自中古英語 fesaunt、fesant，來自古法語 fesan，來自拉丁語 phāsiānus，來自古希臘語 φᾱσιανός (phāsianós)，意思是 「Φᾶσις (Phâsis) 河的[鳥]」，據推測，鳥從那裡向西傳播。取代本土的古英語 wōrhana，mōrhana的變體。參見moorhen。

The ſpring diſplaying her elegant taſte, the proud walk of the gold-feathered pheaſant, the light tread of the ſmall-hoofed hind, and the dancing of the ſtar-trained peacock, infuſed joy into the ſoul of the ſpectator of the aſtoniſhing works of the Creator.

1769，Firishta，譯者 Alexander Dow, Tales translated from the Persian of Inatulla of Delhi，卷 I, Dublin: P. and W. Wilson et al.，頁 v:

Or sometimes, passing too near a sequestered copse, the shy tenants were startled, and the superb plumage of the pheasant dashed aside the branches, and the stately bird soared up on rattling wing.

1834，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XI, in Francesca Carrara. […]，卷 III, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，頁 80:

Tables were laid with cold pheasant, watercressy finger foods, sweets sufficient to give the Greater Raleigh Area sugar shock.

1989，Allan Gurganus，“Black, White, and Lilac”, in Oldest Living Confederate Widow Tells All，New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN, book two (Time Does That)，頁 231:

Célestin Lainé sat on the edge of the bed, a tray on his lap, eating pheasant and roast vegetables with a red wine reduction.

塞莱斯汀·莱内坐在床边，腿上放着一个托盘，吃着雉鸡肉和烤蔬菜，还喝了红酒。

2013，Stuart Neville，章號 30, in Ratlines，New York, N.Y.: Soho Crime, →ISBN，頁 158:

Bring a dish of berries with cream to me there. Bread, too. And a slice of pheasant.

给我拿一盘奶油浆果。还有面包。还有一片雉鸡肉。

2015，Shauna Roberts，章號 41, in Ice Magic, Fire Magic，Overland Park, Kan.: Hadley Rille Books, →ISBN，頁 266:


blasphemous

借自拉丁語 blasphēmus (“褻瀆”)，來自古希臘語 βλάσφημος (blásphēmos，“惡言傷人”)。

more blasphemous (comparative)
most blasphemous (superlative)

His taking the name of God in vain was considered blasphemous.


picosecond

源自pico- (“皮（可），公制前綴”) + second。


blasphemy

繼承自中古英語 blasfemye，來自古法語 blasfemie，來自教會拉丁語 blasphēmia，來自古希臘語 βλασφημία (blasphēmía，“褻瀆”)，來自βλασφημέω (blasphēméō，“誹謗”)。

That imam said that drawing the prophet Muhammad is a form of blasphemy.

那名伊瑪目稱，描繪穆罕穆德的樣子是一種褻瀆。

Had God cancelled His everlasting Covenant with Israel? The mere thought was blasphemy! But what did God's silence and the present dark cloud mean?

1920，John Rougier Cohu，The Bible and Modern Thought，頁 325:

Look, I don't think it ought to be blasphemy, just saying "Jehovah".

你看，他只是說了“耶和華”而已，我不覺得他是要褻瀆。

1979，Monty Python's Life of Brian，spoken by Matthias (John Young):

Shepard: What happened to those other Alliance officers? The ones who came before me?
Major Kyle: They wanted to take me away from here! They wanted me to abandon this place. Turn my back on my family. They spoke blasphemy!
Major Kyle: I did what I could to make their end quick and painless. I had no other choice. It was necessary to protect my children. Only I can keep them safe.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Presrop:

The fundamentalists in that religion hold that such views are blasphemy and that religion is above criticism.

2009，Francis，Business Ethics，Tata McGraw-Hill Education, →ISBN，頁 139:

對不可侵犯事物的不敬行為

Some historical information is given on the Panormo family of guitar makers and a whole chapter is called, "Maccaferri's 'Monstrosity'," the name given Julian's Maccaferri guitar due to the blasphemy of its having more than six strings, […]

1999，American Lutherie: The Quarterly Journal of the Guild of American Luthiers:

The market has responded well to this type of packaging [wine in cardboard containers], even if some consider it near blasphemy, and it has had a role in bringing wine to the younger generation and to social classes intimidated by the high price of many bottled products.

2004，Touring Club of Italy，The Italian Wine Guide: The Definitive Guide to Touring, Sourcing and Tasting，Touring Editore, →ISBN，頁 149:

I know this is utter blasphemy and completely incomprehensible to developers and power users who love their keyboard shortcuts, but some people just love having buttons on their screens with the exact name of their function written on them.

2015，Benjamin V. Root，Interactive Applications Using Matplotlib，Packt Publishing Ltd, →ISBN，頁 89:


bason

To proceed therefore, put a looking-glass into a bason of water; I suppose you shall not see the image in a right line, or at equal angles, but aside.

1631，Francis [Bacon]，“(please specify |century=I to X)”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […]，第3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

Not a moment could be lost: the very sheets were kindling. I rushed to his bason and ewer; fortunately, one was wide and the other deep, and both were filled with water.

1847, Charlotte Brontë, Jane Eyre, 1st edition, chapter XV, page 297

[...] on July 16, 1790, a public meeting [...] unanimously approved of a scheme for making the River Soar navigable from Leicester to Loughborough, and "a cut or rail-way from Swannington and the neighbourhood to the bason at Loughborough."

1939 July，Charles E. Lee，“Swannington: One-Time Railway Centre”, in Railway Magazine，頁 3:


remarry

remarries (third-person singular present)
remarrying (present participle)
remarried (past participle)

After his wife's death, he never remarried.

妻子去世後，他沒有續弦。

To everyone's surprise, after being divorced for ten years the couple eloped to Las Vegas and remarried.

令所有人惊讶的是，离婚十年后，这对夫妇私奔到拉斯维加斯并复婚。

This church will remarry widows or widowers, but not divorcés.

這座教堂給寡婦、鰥夫辦結婚儀式，但不為離婚的人舉行。


redneck

由 red + neck 組成。對照rooinek。原先指的是脖子發紅的農民，他們因為長時間在田裡勞作，脖子被曬傷而發紅。

尤指美國南部及中西部、東北部部分地區

Sample a look back you look and find / Nothing but rednecks for 400 years if you check

1989，“Fight the Power”, in Fear of a Black Planet，演出者 Public Enemy:

1921年西弗吉尼亞煤礦戰爭中戴上紅頭巾以示身份的礦工

巴爾的摩街頭幫派的成員，活躍於1859年


belle

源自法語 belle (“美麗的”)，源自拉丁語 bella。


rid

rids (third-person singular present)
ridding (present participle)
rid (past)
ridded (past)
rid (past participle)
ridded (past participle)
ridden (past participle)


railroad

railroads (third-person singular present)
railroading (present participle)
railroaded (past participle)


brute

more brute (comparative)
most brute (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-bruit.wav


bureaucracy

bureau + -cracy，來自法語 bureaucratie，由雅克·克勞德·瑪麗·文森特·德古納所創的新詞，來自bureau (“官方”) + -cratie (“規則”)。

bureaucratie (alternative)
bureau-ocracy (alternative)
burocracy (alternative)
bureaucracies (plural)

/bjʊəˈɹɒkɹəsi/

/bjʊˈɹɑːkɹəsi/

However, when Britain left the European Union, ferries started to ply a direct sea link from Ireland, to save hauliers from custom's bureaucracy of driving via Britain.

2021年December29日，Philip Haigh，“Rail's role in unifying Great Britain and Northern Ireland”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 25:

At that time the administration replaced the system of patronage in the civil service with a bureaucracy.

当时，政府用官僚制取代了公务员队伍中的赞助制。

The bureaucracy is expanding to meet the needs of the expanding bureaucracy. (apocryphal quip)

官僚机构正在扩大，以满足不断扩大的官僚体制的需要。

The head of the civil service promised to clamp down on bureaucracy.

公务员系统的负责人承诺要打击官僚主义。

"If we can capture anything from this awful situation, it is that ability to trust people to do certain things for themselves and to look out for each other, and to give them the tools to do their job as well as they can without having to go through endless bureaucracy to achieve it, which very often just delays and dilutes and doesn't add much value.

2020年May20日，Andrew Haines talks to Stefanie Foster，“Repurpose rail for the 2020s”, in Rail，頁 35:


barcarole

借自法語 barcarolle，源自威尼斯語 barcaroƚa (“船夫唱的歌”)，源自 barca (“樹皮、駁船、船”),最終源自埃及語 bꜣjr (“運輸船；一種魚”)。

/ˈbɑːkəɹəʊl/

/ˌbɑːkəˈɹəʊl/

/ˈbɑɹkəˌɹoʊl/

船歌（威尼斯船夫搖貢多拉所唱的歌曲）（自18世紀晚期起）

Venice! dear beautiful Venice! scene of harmony and love! where all was gayety and mirth, revelry and pleasure, with what warm feelings do I recall thee to my memory; day and night were the gondoliers singing barcarolles, or the verses of [Torquato] Tasso and [Ludovico] Ariosto to Venetian airs; […]

1826，Michael Kelly, [Theodore Edward Hook]，Reminiscences of Michael Kelly, of the King’s Theatre, and Theatre Royal Drury Lane, including a Period of Nearly Half a Century; with Original Anecdotes of Many Distinguished Persons, Political, Military, and Musical，New York, N.Y.: Printed by J. & J. Harper, 327 Pearl-Street, for E[vert Augustus] Duyckinck, Collins and Hannay, Collins & Co., W. B. Gilley, H. I. Megary, A. T. Goodrich, and G. & C. Carvill, →OCLC，頁 90:

In Venice! This night is so delicious—its air / Full of moonlight and passionate snatches of song, […] / —with a song full of dole, / A forlorn barcarole, / As my gondola glides.

1867 February，“Aureolus Paracelsus”，“In a Gondola. (Suggested by Mendelssohn’s Andante in G Minor, Book I., Lied 6, of the ‘Lieder ohne Worten.’)”, in The Eclectic Magazine of Foreign Literature, Science, and Art，卷 V, 期 2 (New Series), New York, N.Y.: Published at No. 5 Beekman Street, →OCLC, stanza I，頁 174:

船歌（模仿上述歌曲創作的音樂）（自18世紀晚期起）

A Barcarolle, with variations for the Pianoforte and flute, ad lib. by [Jean Théodore] Latour, opens with an introduction of great feeling and elegance. The Barcarolle is composed by [Jacques Féréol] Mazas, the great violinist, and has been played by him at the Philharmonic Concerts, and is original and graceful.

1822 May，“Report of Music”, in The London Magazine，卷 V, 期 XXIX, London: Printed for Taylor and Hessey, 93, Fleet-Street, →OCLC，頁 492:

But perhaps the best airs are those of Italy (particularly the Venetian) and Spain. […] The bolero, the barcarole, the canzonetta, and romance, have all the gaiety, softness, tenderness, and chivalry, which we associate with the troubadours, the gay squires, and sprightly dames, of the early ages of poetry and music.

1824，“A Collection of Admired Italian, French, German, Spanish, and English Songs, with a Progressive Accompaniment for the Spanish Guitar; by George Hervey Derwort. Nos. 1 to 13. London. Gow and Son.”, in The Quarterly Musical Magazine and Review，卷 VI, London: Sold by Baldwin, Cradock, and Joy, 47, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC，頁s 547–548:

Later in the evening Mr. [Anton] Rubinstein played his smaller pieces, such as the march from "The Ruins of Athens," his own "Barcarolle," and "Valse Caprice," and the enthusiasm and appreciation of his intelligent audience grew greater and greater.

1895 February，William Steinway，“William Steinway’s Reminiscences of Rubinstein”, in Music. A Monthly Magazine Devoted to the Art, Science, Technic and Literature of Music，卷 VII, Chicago, Ill.: Music Magazine Publishing Company, →OCLC，頁 395:


bells

ship's bells (“船鐘，船上的報時鐘”)之同義詞

And to him, long bell-bottoms were “arrogant.” So, whenever he was home before I left for school, he would make me stand on the top step of the six steps to the bedroom level of our house and he would inspect my bells.

对他来说，长喇叭裤是“傲慢”的表现。所以，每当我去上学之前他回家时，他都会让我站在通往卧室的六级台阶中的最高一级上，检查我的喇叭裤。

2020，Erica Heller，One Last Lunch: A Final Meal with Those Who Meant So Much to Us:


bells

bell 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bate

bates (third-person singular present)
bating (present participle)
bated (past participle)


bareback

bareback riding

bareback sex

‘Bareback’ bathing for men, heretofore taboo in Atlantic City, broke down the last line of official resistance today and will be allowed this Summer.

1937. "Bareback Bathing Ban Off", March 30, The New York Times


bareback

I can ride a horse bareback.

We had sex bareback.


bareback

barebacks (third-person singular present)
barebacking (present participle)
barebacked (past participle)

In this video, the big guy gets to bareback the little guy.

在这部影片里，大个子不戴套插进小个子的屁眼里。


bareback

一種被作為肉類的鳥，沒有羽毛

Buyers discount many broiler flocks by from one to five cents a pound due to barebacks, but the loss to the industry does not end there. Barebacked broilers slow down the pickers in the dressing plants which results in a loss in labor.


bellyband

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bellyband.wav

一种绕在马或其他役畜腹部的皮带，用于固定马鞍或车轴；腹帶

穿戴在腹部周围的各种束带

一种仅覆盖书籍一部分的护封


retaliate

retaliates (third-person singular present)
retaliating (present participle)
retaliated (past participle)


baking

bake 的現在時分詞和動名詞


big-time

bigtime的另一種拼寫法


big-time

bigtime的另一種拼寫法


rainworm

來自中古英語 *reinwurm、*reinworm，來自古英語 reġnwyrm，來自原始西日耳曼語 *regnawurmi。可分解為rain + worm，因這種蟲有下雨後從潮濕土壤跑出來的習性。與荷蘭語 regenworm、古高地德語 reganwurm（德語 Regenwurm）同源。


buckaroo

源自西班牙語 vaquero (“牛仔”) 的變化形式，拼寫受到 buck (“（名詞）雄羚羊、雄鹿等；具冒險精神或意氣風發的年輕男子；（動詞）指馬等：向上跳躍並弓起背部，落地時頭部低垂、前腿僵直，後腿用力向上踢”) 的影響。vaquero 的同源對似詞。
同源詞
* 早期中世紀拉丁語 vaccārius (“牧牛人”)
* 法語 vacher
* 晚期拉丁語 baccalārius (“無地農奴；牧牛人（？）”) (墨洛溫王朝)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-buckaroo.wav

牛仔；特指通常不參加牛仔競技表演的職業牛仔

No thanks, cowboy. If I was to let every rodeo hand I pulled a bull off of buy me liquor, I'd have been an alcoholic long ago. Pullin' bulls off of you buckaroos is just my job. So save your money for your next entry fee, cowboy.

不用了，牛仔。如果我讓每個被我從公牛身上拉下來的牛仔競技手請我喝酒，我早就成酒鬼了。把你們這些牛仔從公牛身上拉下來只是我的工作。所以把錢省下來付下次參賽費吧，牛仔。

2005 September 2，Larry McMurtry, Diana Ossana，片头起00:51:25, in Brokeback Mountain，Universal City, Calif.: Focus Features, →OCLC:

採用獨特牛仔服飾風格和傳統的人

Many cowboy poets have a buckaroo look and feel about them.

許多牛仔詩人都有一種牛仔的外貌和感覺。

一種後跟高且向後收窄的牛仔靴款式

頑固、魯莽的人；急躁的人

Don’t run in looking for a fight like some kind of buckaroo.

別像某種魯莽的人一樣衝進去找架打。


buckaroo

可能是 buck 的花俏變化形式，受到 buckaroo（詞源1）的影響。

buckaroonie

buck (“美元”)之同義詞

smackeroo

buck (“美元”)之同義詞

buck (“美元”)之同義詞

That’ll be twenty buckaroos, buddy.


bemuse

bemuses (third-person singular present)
bemusing (present participle)
bemused (past participle)


bathysphere

:出自古希腊语 βαθύς (bathús, "深"或"深海") + σφαῖρα (sphaîra, "球")。

/ˈbæθɪˌsfɪə(ɹ)/

用于调查深海的球形潜水装置，球形深度潜水装置，球形深潜器，球形深潜机。


bating

I replied, That he was a very unworthy man, if it were true, to speak slightingly of a family, which was as good as his own, bating that it was not allied to the peerage […].

‘There is but little I have heard from you which I did not expect to hear, and which I ought not to have expected; because, bating one circumstance, it is all very true.’


bating

more bating (comparative)
most bating (superlative)


reassuring

/ɹiːəˈʃɔːɹɪŋ/


reassuring

more reassuring (comparative)
most reassuring (superlative)

/ɹiːəˈʃɔːɹɪŋ/

The face which emerged was not reassuring. It was blunt and grey, the nose springing thick and flat from high on the frontal bone of the forehead, whilst his eyes were narrow slits of dark in a tight bandage of tissue. […].

1963，Margery Allingham，章號 17, in The China Governess:

It was reassuring to be back in the regent's warm embrace.

1994, Nelson Mandela, Long Walk to Freedom, Abacus 2010, p. 95:


reassuring

/ɹiːəˈʃɔːɹɪŋ/

Alfred trembled, and felt a great sinking inside, but he did what he could to conceal his misery, and to respond with some show of heart to the Major's kindly pettings and reassurings.

1900, Mark Twain, The Belated Russian Passport


buckra

借自埃菲克語 mbakara或伊比比奧語 mbakara；對照古拉語 buckra (“白人”)。

backra (alternative)
bakra (alternative)
buckras (plural)

As he was going to the stake, he turned about, and addressed himself to Mr. Jeffreys […] and said, “Buckra, you see me now, but to-morrow I shall be like that,” kicking up the dust with his foot.

1791, An Abstract of the Evidence Delivered before a Select Committee of the House of Commons in the Years 1790, and 1791, on the Part of the Petitioners for the Abolition of the Slave-Trade, London, p. 77,

To show the deadly hatred they bore the white people, Thicknesse, who was the first in the town, and the person left with them as a hostage, related, that having taken up his abode with Quao, his children could not refrain striking their pointed fingers at his breast as they would have done knives, had they been permitted, calling out, “Buckra, Buckra.”

1803, Robert Charles Dallas, The History of the Maroons, London: Longman and Rees, Volume 1, Letter 3, p. 73,

Oh the Buckra people who keep slaves think that black people are like cattle, without natural affection. But my heart tells me it is far otherwise.

1831, Mary Prince, The History of Mary Prince, a West Indian Slave, Related by Herself, London: F. Westley and A.H. Davis, p. 9,

They kick me in the face, beat me with the baton, whip me in me balls, beat me with a cat o’ nine like them name buckra massa […]

2014, Marlon James, A Brief History of Seven Killings, London: Oneworld, “General Rockers: December 2, 1976,”

“Dunno whether he been a buckra or not,” responded, doggedly, my Cerberus in uniform; “but I’s bound to keep him here till de corporal ob de guard come.”

1865, Thomas Wentworth Higginson, “Leaves from an Officer’s Journal” in The Atlantic Monthly, Volume 15, No. 87, January, 1865, p. 69,

What I think of Abe Lincoln? I think he was a poor buckra white man, to de likes of me.

1941, Ed Barber, interview published in Slave Narratives: A Folk History of Slavery in the United States from Interviews with Former Slaves, Washington: Library of Congress, Volume 14: South Carolina Narratives, Part 1,


buckra

backra (alternative)
bakra (alternative)
bukra (alternative)
buckruh (alternative)

a buckra yam


pearlescent

more pearlescent (comparative)
most pearlescent (superlative)


boundless

more boundless (comparative)
most boundless (superlative)

'Tis the cruel gripe, / That lean hard-handed poverty inflicts, / The hope of better things, the chance to win, / The wiſh to ſhine, the thirſt to be amus'd, / That at the found of Winter's hoary wing, / Unpeople all our counties, of ſuch herds, / Of flutt'ring, loit'ring, cringing, begging, looſe, / And wanton vagrants, as make London, vaſt / And boundless as it is, a crowded coop.

1785, William Cowper, “The Garden”, in The Task, a Poem, in Six Books. By William Cowper … To which are Added, by the Same Author, An Epistle to Joseph Hill, Esq. Tirocinium, or a Review of Schools, and The History of John Gilpin, London: Printed for J[oseph] Johnson, No. 72 St. Paul's Church-Yard, OCLC 221351486; republished as The Task. A Poem. In Six Books. To which is Added, Tirocinium: or, A Review of Schools, new edition, Philadelphia, Pa.: Printed for Thomas Dobson, bookseller, in Second-street, second door above Chestnut-street, 1787, OCLC 23630717, page 87:


bats

bat的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bats

more bats (comparative)
most bats (superlative)

You must be bats to go out in the cold without a coat on.

在寒冷的天氣裡不穿外套，你一定是瘋了。

"Don't be so bats, Binns! Why should anyone want to pinch just one boot?"
"He might have been a chap with only one leg."

1952，Anthony Buckeridge，Jennings and Darbishire:


burnt

burn 的過去式和過去分詞


burnt

burned (alternative)
more burnt (comparative)
most burnt (superlative)

burnt 作 burn 的一般過去式和過去分詞用法，一般用於英國，其作為形容詞的使用更加廣泛。

受到火或熱的傷害，燒壞、燒傷。

The toast was too burnt to eat.

比標準色要濃（特別指褐色）。


rigmarole

/ˈɹɪɡməɹəʊl/

/ˈɹɪɡməɹoʊl/

（不必要的）冗长复杂的手续

（冗长的、无条理的）废话，胡扯


retinal

源自 retina + -al (“屬於……的；與……有關的”)。

intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell

melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cell


retinal

/ˈɹɛt.əˌnæl/

/ˈɹɛt.əˌnɔl/


renascent

more renascent (comparative)
most renascent (superlative)


budgerigar

可能音變自卡米拉瑞語 gijirrigaa；雖然也可能來自土著皮欽英語 budgeree，但無法解釋第一個音節的改變。

/ˈbʌd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɑɹ/

/ˈbʌd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɑː/

/ˈbɐd͡ʒəɹiˌɡɐː/


rendezvous

:出自法语 rendez-vous (「约会」, 「约见」或「约定」)，即 rendez (「走访」或「呈现」) + vous (「你们」或「您」)。

/ˈɹɒndɪˌvuː/

/ˈɹɒndeɪ̯ˌvuː/


rendezvous

/ˈɹɒndɪˌvuː/

/ˈɹɒndeɪ̯ˌvuː/


renegade

來自西班牙語 renegado，來自中世紀拉丁語 renegātus，renegō (“我否認”)的完成過去式。參見renege。

/ˈɹɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

/ˈɹɛnəˌɡeɪd/


renegade

renegades (third-person singular present)
renegading (present participle)
renegaded (past participle)

/ˈɹɛnɪˌɡeɪd/

/ˈɹɛnəˌɡeɪd/

The recent arrangement, obtained by Lord Stratford, as to the case of a Christian renegading to Mohammedanism […]

1859, Wesleyan-Methodist Magazine (volume 3, page 740)


buffers

buffer 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


ramiform

more ramiform (comparative)
most ramiform (superlative)


brigand

繼承自中古英語 brigaunt、bregaund（1400年左右），源自古法語 brigand (“步兵”)（最早的書面記錄見於1421年），源自意大利語 briga (“麻煩”)，源頭可能是原始日耳曼語或凱爾特語族。


rebozo

源自西班牙語 rebozo。


businessman

來自business + -man。取代早期的merchant，源頭來自拉丁語 mercāns (“商人，購買者”)。

I'm not a businessman, I'm a business, man

2005，“Diamonds From Sierra Leone (Remix)”, in Late Registration，演出者 Kanye West ft. Jay-Z:


blitzkrieg

非同化借詞，源自德語 Blitzkrieg (字面意思是“閃電似的戰爭”)。

I rode a tank, held a general's rank / When the Blitzkrieg raged and the bodies stank

1968，Keith Richards, Mick Jagger （作曲作詞）, “Sympathy for the Devil”, in Beggars Banquet，演出者 Rolling Stones:


bowman

繼承自中古英語 boweman、bouman、boughman，等同於bow + -man。

The whole city shall flee for the noise of the horsemen and bowmen.

各城的人，因馬兵和弓箭手的響聲，就都逃跑。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Jeremiah 4:29:


bowstring

bowstrings (third-person singular present)
bowstringing (present participle)
bowstrung (past participle)
bowstringed (past participle)


recalcitrant

more recalcitrant (comparative)
most recalcitrant (superlative)


pedagogic

最早見於1781年。源自法語 pédagogique ← 拉丁語 paedagogicus ← 古希臘語 παιδαγωγικός (paidagōgikós) ← παιδαγωγός (paidagōgós，“老師”)，源自παῖς (paîs，“小孩”) + ἄγω (ágō，“領導”)。

more pedagogic (comparative)
most pedagogic (superlative)

/ˌpɛdəˈɡɒd͡ʒɪk/

/ˌpɛdəˈɡɒɡɪk/

/ˌpɛdəˈɡɑd͡ʒɪk/


Bukhara

借自古典波斯語 بخارا (buxārā)，最终源自粟特語。

布哈拉（城市名，位於烏茲別克）


ripoff

rip-off的另一種拼寫法


blocks

block 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


pilgrimage

源自中古英語 pilgrimage。By surface analysis, pilgrim + -age。

/ˈpɪlɡɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/


pilgrimage

pilgrimages (third-person singular present)
pilgrimaging (present participle)
pilgrimaged (past participle)

/ˈpɪlɡɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/


rancid

:< 拉丁语 rancidus （“恶臭的，腐烂的”） < ranceō （“发臭”）。 该拉丁词还产生英语 rancor。

more rancid (comparative)
most rancid (superlative)

（含油食品）变质的，变味的，哈喇的


rancor

:(13世纪早期) < 古法語 rancor < 拉丁語 rancor （“酸败，积怨”） < ranceō （“腐烂，发臭”）。该拉丁语还产生英語 rancid。


brabble

brabbles (third-person singular present)
brabbling (present participle)
brabbled (past participle)


bull

bullshit (“廢話,狗屁”) 的截斷形式


bull

more bull (comparative)
most bull (superlative)


bloodier

bloody的比較級形式：更加血腥的


reparation

/ˌɹɛpəˈɹeɪʃən/


recension

/ɹɪ̈ˈsɛnʃ(ə)n/

/ɹɪ̈ˈsɛnʃ(ə)n/

[ɹ̠ʷɪ̈ˈsɛ̃n(t̚)ʃə̃n]


ritornello

意大利語 ritornello，ritorno (“返回”，名詞) 的指小，源自 ritornare (“返回”，動詞)；比較法語 ritournelle。

ritornellos (plural)
ritornelli (plural)

回復段，回復曲；巴洛克音樂中為管弦樂隊或合唱團反復出現的合奏段落。


recent

近来的；最近的；近代的；新近的；现世的


Brno

布爾諾（捷克共和國南摩拉維亞州的首府，同時也是該國第二大城市）


Rangoon

源自缅甸语ရန်ကုန် (rankun)的若开方言的发音。

Rangoon 基于若开方言的发音，虽然是历史上的拼写，但依旧被广泛使用。缅甸人更认同的拼写Yangon ，也在逐渐被接受。


reception

/ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/


buttering

butter 的現在時分詞和動名詞


buttering

塗奶油的動作 將奶油抹在某物上

It is interesting that the sentences that Davidson uses in his arguments for events are all about genuine flesh and blood events: butterings of toast, explosions of boilers, raisings of arms, kickings of Shem and Sean and the like.

1986，R. Barcan Marcus, G. J. W. Dorn, P. Weingartner，Logic, Methodology and Philosophy of Science VII:

塗奶油的動作 滑雪者在特技飛行中做出塗抹奶油的動作 僅用滑雪板或單板的尖端（尾部或頭部）轉彎的動作


references

reference 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


repeatedly

more repeatedly (comparative)
most repeatedly (superlative)

He repeatedly violated the court order, and shall now be punished.

他多次违反法庭命令，现在应该受到惩罚。

Scotland had the territory and the momentum, forcing England into almost twice as many tackles and rattling them repeatedly at set-pieces.

2011年October1日，Tom Fordyce，“Rugby World Cup 2011: England 16-12 Scotland”, in BBC Sport:

Since 2017, the DfT has "repeatedly altered the scope of the TRU [TransPennine Route Upgrade] to meet differing ministerial priorities and budget constraints", says the NAO [National Audit Office].

2022年August10日，Mel Holley，“Network News: Question marks over TransPennine upgrade spending”, in RAIL，期 963，頁 24:


bearable

A joint cause is neither necessary nor sufficient for an effect—for example, any one of six pallbearers is a joint cause of carrying a coffin bearable by four.

2015，Andrew Chignell, Terence Cuneo, Matthew C. Halteman，Philosophy Comes to Dinner: Arguments About the Ethics of Eating:


brackets

bracket 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


repellent

more repellent (comparative)
most repellent (superlative)


buttress

buttresses (third-person singular present)
buttressing (present participle)
buttressed (past participle)


bears

bear 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bumblebee

1520年代取自bumble + bee，取代中古英語 humbul-be。14世紀末，與中古英語 bombeln (“轟隆聲，嗡嗡聲”)合併。

一種偏黃色的色調，有時也稍偏橙色


brochure

/ˈbɹəʊ.ʃə(ɹ)/


raphania

野蘿蔔子中毒，攝取野生蘿蔔的種子導致的中毒。


buzz

buzzes (third-person singular present)
buzzing (present participle)
buzzed (past participle)

用蜂鸣器（给……）发信号

（用特殊机器）把头发剪得特别短


bump

bumps (third-person singular present)
bumping (present participle)
bumped (past participle)

置顶，网络用语：对一主题进行回帖，以使这个主题上升到头条的位置


pinafore

/ˈpɪ.nəˌfɔɹ/


reciprocate

源自拉丁語 recīprocō (“來回運動”)，可能源自短語reque proque (“來回”)，源自re- (“向後”), prō (“向前”) + -que (“和”)。對比reciprocal。

reciprocates (third-person singular present)
reciprocating (present participle)
reciprocated (past participle)

/ɹɪˈsɪpɹəˌkeɪt/

Nugget appreciates the generosity! Nugget will reciprocate with a Monstermon card!
#:::Nugget感謝你的慷慨行為！Nugget會用一張Monstermon卡來回報你！

2019；Con Man Games、SmashGames；Kindergarten 2；SmashGames；Morning Time


beauteous

繼承自中古英語 beautevous、bewteose、beautuous、boyteous、beuteus、beuteowse、bewtyvows，等價於 beauty + -ous 和／或 beauty + -eous。

more beauteous (comparative)
most beauteous (superlative)


braid

braids (third-person singular present)
braiding (present participle)
braided (past participle)


bygone

过去的；很久以前发生的。


pincushion

/ˈpɪnˌkʊʃn̩/


pincushion

pincushions (third-person singular present)
pincushioning (present participle)
pincushioned (past participle)

/ˈpɪnˌkʊʃn̩/


replication

/ɹɛplɪˈkeɪʃən/


brainpower

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-brainpower.wav


brainwash

brain + wash，仿譯自漢語 洗腦／洗脑 (xǐnǎo)。由美軍在朝鮮戰爭期間首次使用。


brainwash

brainwashes (third-person singular present)
brainwashing (present participle)
brainwashed (past participle)

從電子控制的機器中獲取其存儲的資訊；擦除計算機的程式。（1960年）


becquerel

借自法語 becquerel。以法國物理學家A. H. Becquerel（1857–1927）命名。


repossess

repossesses (third-person singular present)
repossessing (present participle)
repossessed (past participle)

to repossess oneself of something lost


repoussage

/ɹəˈpuːsɑːʒ/


reprehensibly

more reprehensibly (comparative)
most reprehensibly (superlative)


besprent

來自中古英語 bespreynt，來自古英語 *besprengd，相等於be- + sprent。

besprenge 的過去式和過去分詞


besprent

more besprent (comparative)
most besprent (superlative)


representation

繼承自中古英語 representacioun，來自古法語 representacion，來自拉丁語 repraesentātiō。By surface analysis, represent + -ation。


brand-new

more brand-new (comparative)
most brand-new (superlative)

brand new (“全新的，嶄新的”)的另一種寫法


brash

brasher (comparative)
more brash (comparative)
brashest (superlative)
most brash (superlative)


bestride

bestrides (third-person singular present)
bestriding (present participle)
bestrode (past)
bestrode (past participle)
bestridden (past participle)
bestrid (past participle)


brothel

:"brothel-house" 的缩写，最终源自古英语 brēoþan（“恶化”、“退化”）。


pioneer

/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/


pioneer

pioneers (third-person singular present)
pioneering (present participle)
pioneered (past participle)

/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/


brothers

/ˈbɹʌðə(ɹ)z/


brothers

/ˈbɹʌðə(ɹ)z/

brother 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


biohazard

The OSHA procedures for this type of environment required all investigative and emergency response personnel to wear PPE when they accessed those areas of the accident site containing biological hazards and undergo decontamination procedures after departing the biohazard area.

針對此類環境的OSHA程序要求所有調查和應急響應人員在進入事故現場含有生物危害的區域時穿戴PPE，並在離開生物危害區域後進行淨化程序。

1999年March24日，National Transportation Safety Board，“1.19 New Investigative Techniques”, in Aircraft Accident Report: Uncontrolled Descent and Collision with Terrain, USAir Flight 427, Boeing 737-300, N513AU, Near Aliquippa, Pennsylvania, September 8, 1994，存檔自the original on 2022-06-04，頁 237:

South Western Railway's Basingstoke station has donated surplus biohazard waste bags to the nearby St Michael's Hospice.

西南鐵路的貝辛斯托克站已將多餘的生物危害廢物袋捐贈給附近的聖米迦勒臨終關懷醫院。

2020年August12日，“News in Brief: Donation to hospice”, in Rail，頁 31:


biologic

/bʌɪəˈlɒdʒɪk/


betroth

betroths (third-person singular present)
betrothing (present participle)
betrothed (past)
betrothed (past participle)
betrothen (past participle)


beestings

繼承自古英語 bȳsting，派生自 bēost，源自原始西日耳曼語 *beust。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-beestings.wav

beest

動物（尤指牝牛）產後的初乳

colostrum

動物（尤指牝牛）產後的初乳

動物（尤指牝牛）產後的初乳

He took a jug of ‘beestings’ milk from the press, the milk of a cow that has recently calved, and drank it down in six big gulps.

他从榨汁机里拿出一罐“初乳”（刚产犊的母牛的奶），然后六大口喝完了。

2002，Joseph O'Connor，Star of the Sea，Vintage, 出版於 2003，頁 54:


bionomics

生態學，研究有機體及其和環境之間關係的學科


biophysics

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-biophysics.wav

有關本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:biophysics。


bolas

系有铁球(石头) 的绳索


portia

泰米爾語 பூவரசு (pūvaracu，字面意思是“花王”)的音變，源自பூ (pū，“花”) + அரசு (aracu，“菩提樹”)。


biro

源自 BIC 公司生產的 BIRO 品牌鋼筆，該品牌以鋼筆的發明者比羅·拉斯洛（Bíró László József）命名。

Frank's Biro taps delicately at the topmost of the little yellow notes.

1993, Iain Banks, Complicity, 2008, unnumbered page,

Massimo's finger was poised above red on his multi-coloured biro like a kangaroo frozen in headlights.

2007, Karen Foxlee, The Anatomy of Wings, page 250,

‘My very creative 2-year-old son used my good friend′s white polyester Roman blinds as a canvas,’ says Jacqui. They′re now covered in blue biro. And although my friend isn′t too bothered by the biro, I am! Can you help?′

2011, Shannon Lush, Jennifer Fleming, Completely Spotless, unnumbered page,


precis

precis (plural)
preces (plural)
precises (plural)

précis的另一種拼寫法


precociously

more precociously (comparative)
most precociously (superlative)


phenomenon

phaenomenon (alternative)
phænomenon (alternative)
phainomenon (alternative)
phœnomenon (alternative)
phenomena (plural)
phenomenons (plural)
phenomenon (plural)

不尋常的事物或事件，罕事


phenotype

源自 pheno- + -type。源自古希臘語 φαίνω (phaínō，“展示，出現”) 及 古希臘語 τύπος (túpos，“類型”)。


phenotype

phenotypes (third-person singular present)
phenotyping (present participle)
phenotyped (past participle)

根據表現型進行評估或分類


precensor

precensors (third-person singular present)
precensoring (present participle)
precensored (past participle)


bitterer

bitter 的比較級形式。


bitterest

bitter的最高級形式。。


bookmark

bookmarks (third-person singular present)
bookmarking (present participle)
bookmarked (past participle)


pentagram

來自古希臘語 πεντάγραμμον (pentágrammon)，形容詞πεντάγραμμος (pentágrammos)和πεντέγραμμος (pentégrammos，“五條邊的，五條線的”)的名詞形式。等同於penta- + gram。

pentagramme (alternative)
pentagrams (plural)

Prove that the circles so belonging to the 6 pentagrams formed by 6 lines meet in a point, and so on; the series of theorems being interminable.

1871, W. J. C. Miller (editor), Mathematical Questions and Solutions, Volume XV, page 47,

The passive pentagrams of spirit are drawn first in the quarters of the passive elements—water and earth—and likewise followed by the appropriate traditional elemental pentagram.

2007，Christopher Penczak，The Temple of High Witchcraft: Ceremonies, Spheres, and the Witches' Qabalah，頁 345:

Four figures involve 12 pentagrams arranged as in the faces of a dodecahedron with their vertices touching.


bookshop

book shop (alternative)
bookshops (plural)


bookstore

book store (alternative)
bookstores (plural)


black-eyed

有黑色眼珠的，虹膜為黑色的


black-market

black-markets (third-person singular present)
black-marketing (present participle)
black-marketed (past participle)

He black-marketed as a sideline.

He made his living black-marketing goods intended only for tourists.

他靠贩卖黑市商品为生，这些商品原本是供游客购买的。


pleasant

pleasanter (comparative)
more pleasant (comparative)
pleasantest (superlative)
most pleasant (superlative)


pleasantry

Charlie Mulgrew could easily have been shown two yellow cards by a stricter referee and amid all the usual Anglo-Scottish pleasantries, the two sets of fans put an awful lot of effort into trying to drown out one another’s national anthems.


potentially

more potentially (comparative)
most potentially (superlative)

Nevertheless, it is clear that the global energy demand for air-conditioning will grow substantially as nations become more affluent, with the consequences of climate change potentially accelerating the demand.

儘管如此，很明顯，隨著各國變得更加富裕，全球對空調的能源需求將大幅增長，而氣候變遷的後果可能加速需求的成長。

2013 September-October，Michael Sivak，“Will AC Put a Chill on the Global Energy Supply?”, in American Scientist:


blacks

一种用于铜版印刷的油墨，由烧焦的葡萄壳和榨汁的残渣制成

Friends weeping, and blacks, and obsequies, and the like show death terrible.

朋友的哭泣、身着丧服、葬礼等都表明死亡是可怕的。

1625，Francis [Bacon]，“Of Death”, in The Essayes […]，第3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

that was the full time they vsed to were blackes for the death of their fathers

那是他们因父亲去世而被迫身着丧服的时候

1579，Thomas North，The Lives of the Noble Grecians and Romanes:


blacks

black 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


planting

Take one of the plantings over as a house-warming gift.

將其中一株植物作為喬遷之禮。


phlebotomist

刺絡醫師；抽血者，抽血師


blackthorn

/ˈblækˌθɔːn/

/ˈblækˌθɔɹn/


phlegm

來自中古英語 flewme、fleume、fleme，來自古法語 fleume、中古法語 flemme（法語 flegme），其來源是拉丁語 phlegma，來自古希臘語 φλέγμα (phlégma，“火焰；燃燒；體內濕滑的體液”)，來自φλέγειν (phlégein，“燃燒”)。對照phlox、flagrant、flame、bleak (形容詞)、fulminate。拼法後來受拉丁語和希臘語的詞根而進行過調整。

Each person's unique mixture of these substances determines his temperament: a predominance of blood gives a sanguine temperament; a predominance of phlegm makes one phlegmatic; yellow bile, bilious (or choleric); and black bile, melancholic.

1993, William Dalrymple, City of Djinns, HarperCollins 1993:

"Even some members of the new bourgeoisie indulge in conspicuously boorish behavior, like hawking phlegm onto the pavement or picking their noses at business meetings."

2005, "Endangered Species?" Hannah Beech, Time, 14 Nov 2005:

從植物體中獲得的蒸餾物；水溶液 （自16世紀）

The attempts made to analyse vegetable substances previous to 1720, merely produced their resolution into the supposed elements of the chemists of those days, namely, salts, Earths, phlegm, and sulphur.

1812, Humphry Davy, The Elements of Chemical Philosophy, Introduction, Part I. Vol. I, pp. 50-51:

鎮定，冷靜 （自16世紀）

But Swedish Nazis also talked of the necessity of saving Sweden from Bolshevism, and with the menacing Berlin radio gnawing in their ears many Swedes lost their Scandinavian phlegm.

1942, "Warning to Sweden", Time, 5 Oct 1942:


plants

plant 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


pistachio

借自意大利語 pistacchio (1590年代)，源自拉丁語 pistācium (“阿月渾子”)，源自古希臘語 πιστάκιον (pistákion)，源自 πιστάκη (pistákē，“阿月渾子樹”)，源自伊朗語支。對照北庫爾德語 pisteq、波斯語 پسته (peste)、中古波斯語 pstk' (pistag，“開心果”)、古典亞美尼亞語 պիստակ (pistak，源自伊朗語族)、阿拉伯語 فُسْتُق (fustuq)、土耳其語 fıstık。

pistachios (plural)
pistachioes (plural)

pistachio green

一種淡黃綠色，類似於開心果

一種淡黃綠色，類似於開心果

pistachio：


pitching

pitch 的現在時分詞和動名詞

As the pilot fought the hijackers for control the aeroplane was pitching wildly.


pitching

wild pitching in baseball

All this testifies to that yearning for green fields and rural sports which a life amidst bricks, pavements and pitching-stones

鋪設在岸上的石頭飾面，以防止潮汐或水流的磨損


phobia

约1790年，来自一系列以-phobia结尾的词，来自古希臘語 φόβος (phóbos，“恐惧”)。对比ism，来自-ism，itis，来自-itis，以及ana，来自-ana。

phobias (plural)
phobiae (plural)
phobiæ (plural)

I know someone with a strange phobia of ladders.

我認識一個對梯子有奇怪恐懼症的人。

Some patients have the phobia of light, and others have the phobia of darkness. Another common aversion is that of high places. The phobiac of this type can not sit in the gallery […]

For as interviewer Than Win Htut expressed it, “misunderstandings about, and phobia of, gay life and homosexuality are very common in Burma.” Than Win Htut went on to observe that in Burma[…]

2009 06，Michael G. Peletz，Gender Pluralism: Southeast Asia Since Early Modern Times，Routledge, →ISBN，頁 162:

:Template:seeMoreCites


phobophobia

In particular, the rulemakers – here judges who craft free speech doctrine – may themselves display a pathological fear of succumbing to pathological fear, a kind of phobophobia.

2014, Adrian Vermeule, The Constitution of Risk


pitter-patter

Once or twice I heard a faint pitter-patter like the feet of the dog going hither and thither on the sand far below me, and there were more bird-like sounds, but that was all.

1898，H.G. Wells，The War of the Worlds，London: William Heinemann，頁 237:


practical

more practical (comparative)
most practical (superlative)


platonic

more platonic (comparative)
most platonic (superlative)


platonize

platonizes (third-person singular present)
platonizing (present participle)
platonized (past participle)

Either Plato philonized, or Philo platonized

1791，William Enfield, Johann Jakob Brucker，The History of Philosophy:

採用柏拉圖或其追隨者的觀點

He platonizes , after the manner of Origen , in some parts of his writings ; yet he is cited by Athanasius as a witness of the Son's consubstantiality with the Father

1794，Joseph Milner，The History of the Church of Christ:


plainspoken

more plainspoken (comparative)
most plainspoken (superlative)

老實說的，直言無隱的，率直的


platypus

源自新拉丁語 Platypus（命名時已用作長小蠹屬的屬名），源自古希臘語 πλατύπους (platúpous，“扁平足的”)，源自 πλατύς (platús，“扁平”) + πούς (poús，“腳”)。

platypuses (plural)
platypus (plural)
platypi (plural)
platypodes (plural)

Victoria's Healesville Sanctuary is celebrating the births of two baby platypuses, in a major milestone.

维多利亚州希尔斯维尔自然保护区正在庆祝两只鸭嘴兽宝宝的出生，这是一个重要的里程碑。

2008年March2日，“Captive platypus twins make history”, in ABC News:


player

源自中古英語 pleyer、playere，源自古英語 pleġere (“遊戲者，玩家，運動員，摔角手”)，等於 play + -er。

play的施動者名詞 運動員，競賽者，選手

play的施動者名詞 演員

play的施動者名詞 演奏者

play的施動者名詞 玩家

The player is free to create their own narrative within a much larger set of possible designed narrative options, or, given the geographic and dialogical openness of Morrowind, to refuse the creation of any narrative but their own and wander aimlessly through the game.

玩家可以在更大范围的设计叙事选项中自由创作属于自己的叙事，或者，考虑到《Morrowind》的地理和对话开放性，玩家可以拒绝创作任何叙事，而只是自己漫无目的地在游戏中漫游。

2015，Angus Slater，“Prophecy, Pre-destination, and Free-form Gameplay: The Nerevarine Prophecy in Bethesda’s ‘Morrowind’”, in Online: Heidelberg Journal of Religions on the Internet，卷 7, →DOI，頁 175:

play的施動者名詞 赌徒

play的施動者名詞 自動鋼琴，或其他能自動演奏的樂器

But up to this time the application of the player mechanism had been confined to reed instruments, the piano manufacturers having successfully resisted the introduction of the player mechanism into the piano; but, in the meantime, the manufacturers of players had grown strong and the manufacturers were beginning to properly interpret the handwriting on the wall

1915，John McTammany，The Technical History of the Player:

A Technical Treatise on Piano Player Mechanism" contains detailed description of the various types of interior and exterior players, embracing manual, pneumatic, automatic, mechanical and electric

1909，William Braid White，Regulation and Repair of Piano and Player Mechanism, ...，頁 179:

Electric players used either a four-lobe rotary pump belt-driven by an electric motor or a self-contained electric motor and ...

1970，Arthur W. J. G. Ord-Hume，Player piano: the history of the mechanical piano and how to repair it:

play的施動者名詞 播放音訊或視訊媒體的電器，例如电唱机

Is your CD player broken, or is this one disc damaged?

是你的CD机坏了，还是这张碟片坏了？

play的施動者名詞 播放器（用於播放音訊或視訊媒體的軟體應用程式）

沒有嚴肅目標的人；鬧著玩的人；無所事事的人

參與者，參加者 參與某種性愛形式的人

He thought he could become a player, at least at the state level.

他認為自己可以參與其中，至少在州級層面。

Decision realities research recognizes the occupational tribalism identified in occupational realities research, but goes further by paying attention to all the players – patients and lay caregivers included – who participate in negotiating care.

2011，Suzanne Shale，Moral Leadership in Medicine，頁 239:

Another Bush — George W.’s brother Jeb — is likely to be a big player in the Republican Party’s future.

2012年November7日，Matt Bai，“Winning a Second Term, Obama Will Confront Familiar Headwinds”, in New York Times:

As the biggest rail player, Network Rail was usually held accountable for failings, but had no authority to change anything to solve the problems. The DfT had been given that authority in 2004 - but consistently ducked accountability.

2021年March10日，Nigel Harris，“It's time to get on with it!”, in RAIL，期 926，頁 3:

In this space we explored lesbian sadomasochism, met other S/M women who were serious players, had access to safe equipment and, through watching other women, learned new techniques.

1991年April22日，Wickie Stamps，“A Lesbian Looks At The GMSMA's 10ᵗʰ Anniversary Celebration”, in Gay Community News，頁 11:

喜歡到處拈花惹草，而非建立長久性關係的人

Thunder only happens when it’s rainin’ / Players only love you when they’re playin’ / Say women, they will come and they will go / When the rain washes you clean, you’ll know

1977，Stevie Nicks （作曲作詞）, “Dreams”, in Rumours，演出者 Fleetwood Mac, Warner Bros.:


nonplussed

more nonplussed (comparative)
most nonplussed (superlative)


brillig

路易斯·卡羅詩作 Jabberwocky 中的一個臨時造詞，“矮胖子”將其解釋為“下午四點鐘 — 你開始煮晚飯的時間”。

'Twas brillig, and the slithy toves / Did gyre and gimble in the wabe


pot calling the kettle black

說茶壺黑，卻因看不見自己，而笑茶煲太黑。和五十步笑百步有同樣的涵義。


Bahasa Indonesia

Indonesian

印尼語，印度尼西亞語（在印度尼西亞的官方名稱）

印尼語，印度尼西亞語（在印度尼西亞的官方名稱）


Genghis Khan

意大利語羅馬化蒙古語 ᠴᠢᠩᠭᠢᠰ
ᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (čiŋgis qaɣan), Чингис хаан (Čingis xaan)

/ˈɡɛŋɡɪs ˈkɑːn/

/ˈd͡ʒɛŋɡɪs ˈkɑːn/

[...]the Founder of that Family, who took the Name of Yuen, and who is known in Europe by the Name of Zing hi, or Zing his kan, but whom the Chineſe Hiſtory calls Tchin bi ſe, and Tai tſou, after he had conquer’d the King had thoughts of carrying the War into Corea: His General, called Leou co immediately made himſelf Mafter of the Towns ſituated upon the Eaſt of the River Ya lou;[...]

[1739 [1735]，P. Du Halde，“Geographical Obſervations on the Kingdom of Corea”, in The General History Of China，第2nd版, 卷 IV, →OCLC，頁 391:


a rising tide lifts all boats

當水位升起的時候，所有的船也高起來，意指某些事情目的只是為了惠及個人，然而過程中其實大家都得益；一人得道，雞犬升天。


Pahang

來自馬來語 Pahang。

州名，位於馬來西亞北部。首都：關丹


Philadelphia

[fɪɫəˈdɜɫfi.ə]


absolute zero

絕對零度（首次記錄於19世紀早期。）

完全沒有重要性的人或事物


absolute temperature

/ˈtɜmp.ɹə.t͡ʃʊɹ/

/ˈtɜmp.ə.ɹə.t͡ʃʊɹ/


game drive

獵遊，駕車到野外觀賞野生動物和風景


live from hand to mouth

*生活僅夠糊口、生活拮据。
Michael was earning $250 a month working at the factory. He was really living from hand to mouth every month.


Patch Tuesday

微软的“发布软件补丁日”，由于经常被安排在周二发布，故得名。


adipokine

脂肪细胞因子，脂因子，脂肪激素


Sheffield

设菲尔德（英国英格兰北部城市）


supercalifragilisticexpiadocious

出現在一部名叫Mary Poppins的電影裡，意思是「好」。


出現在高德編的「醫學辭典」裏，為一個外科術語，即在膽囊與膽管之間或腸子與膽囊之間接人工管子的手術。


出現在韋氏辭典第八版的版本中意思是「吸入矽酸鹽細末或石英岩灰而形成的肺塵埃沉著病」。礦工特別容易得這種病。


sanguinary

more sanguinary (comparative)
most sanguinary (superlative)

/ˈsæŋɡwɪnəɹi/

We may not propagate religion by wars, or by sanguinary persecutions to force consciences.

1625, Francis Bacon, "Unity in Religion" (Google preview):

It was not merely distaste for court life at Ch’ang An that urged the emperor to make war upon this country. China had substantial grievances against the peninsula kingdom. In the year A.D. 642 P’ing Jang, the Korean capital, had been convulsed by a revolution more sanguinary and more successful than that which had menaced the Chinese court.

1933，“The Korean War and the Closing Years A.D. 645-50”, in Son of Heaven: A Biography of Li Shih-Min, founder of the T’ang Dynasty，Cambridge University Press, 出版於 1971, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 187:

Passion […] makes us brutal and sanguinary.

"The defence set up for Mahomet is equally availing for every sanguinary and revengeful tyrant; […]"

1877，Samuel Green，The Life of Mahomet: Founder of the Religion of Islamism and of the Empire of the Saracens with Notices of the History of Islamism and of Arabia，頁 126:

I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge […]

1749，Henry Fielding，The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling [棄兒湯姆·瓊斯的歷史]，卷 (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar, […], →OCLC:

Here is the premeditation, the thrill, the strain of accumulating victory or disaster—and no smashed nor sanguinary bodies […], that we who are old enough to remember a real modern war know to be the reality of belligerence.

1913，H. G. Wells，Little Wars, Section VI:

We reached the Point just as a flood of sunset light was dripping from the heavens, staining the lagoon an ominous, sanguinary hue.

1929，Robert Dean Frisbee，The Book of Puka-Puka，Eland, 出版於 2019，頁 117:


sanguinary

/ˈsæŋɡwɪnəɹi/


stupid

/ˈʃt͡ʃjʉːpəd/

（口语）傻瓜、愚蠢、糊涂


stupid

/ˈʃt͡ʃjʉːpəd/


stupid

/ˈʃt͡ʃjʉːpəd/


shoot

（非正式，火箭等的）发射：

射猎会
例：A round of shots in a contest with firearms. - 射击比赛中的一轮射击。

（航海）划船中两次划桨之间的间隔

（感叹词）用于表示惊奇，并不强烈的愤怒或失望


shoot

（用武器）射中、射伤、射死

（发射或抛掷投射物以）射坏
例：shot out the window - 打碎了窗户

射击、投射 - 用发射的方式打出（如一个洞）

发射：开火或让一个投射物飞出

放 - 炸毁或使…引起爆炸
例：shot off a firecracker - 放爆竹

注射 - 用一个皮下注射器注射（比如毒品）

抛出、撒扔出或释放（如一根钓鱼线）

投射 - 突然，猛烈地或迅速地，散发
例：The burning building shot sparks onto the adjacent roof. He shot an angry look at me. - 点了火的房子把火星溅到了隔壁的房顶上，他怒气冲冲地瞪了我一眼。

放射：发出（如多道光线）

连珠炮似地说出 - 有力、急速或突然地发出（声音或说话）
例：She shot a retort to the insult. - 她对这种辱骂立即辱骂立即作出了反击

（俚语）急送、急遣：快速地给，送或递
例：Shoot me that stapler. - 请速订书机递给我。

（非正式）花费，用完或浪费
例：They shot their savings on a new boat. - 他们把积蓄都花在了这条新买的船上。

（用胶片）拍摄
例：shot the scene in one take - 一次就把这个场景拍完

（使）突出、突起、伸展
例：shot out her arm to prevent the bottle from falling - 伸出她的手臂来抵挡掉下来的那个饼子

倾泻，倾倒
例：shot gravel into the hole - 把石子倒入洞中

在高尔夫球比赛中达到特定的分数

（用仪器）测量
例：shot the star - 测定星星的高度


shoot

涌出或喷出
例：Water shot out of the geyser. - 水从喷泉中涌出。

突然出现
例：The sun shot through a break in the clouds. - 阳光突然从云缝中照耀下来。

被感觉到存在或在移动
例：Pain shot through my lower leg. - 我感到腿下部一阵疼痛。

突出、伸出
例：The headland shoots far out into the sea. - 这块陆岬升到很深的海底。

打猎（尤指为了娱乐）
例：is shooting in Scotland during the fall - 秋天在苏格兰打猎

开拍：在摄制电影时开拍一个场景

开始讲话，经常用于祈使句
例：I know you have something to tell me, so shoot! - 我知道你们有事要和我说，那就说吧！


aegis

*发音
**ægis
**egis
*解释
**（希神宙斯的）羊皮盾、保护、庇护、支持、掩护、赞助、主办
*复数
**aegises
*语源
**自拉丁或自希腊语aigis
*同义词
**auspices
**patronage
**protection
*相关
**Aegis cruiser
*短语
**under the aegis of 在…保佑下、由…主办
*其他
**AEGIS = Agricultural, Ecological and Geographical Information System 农业生态和地理信息系统


storage space

仓库面积、堆栈面积、储藏室、存放时间、存储空间


filling space

充填空间、装填区、灌装空间


annular space

环形空隙或环形空间或环隙


before space

印刷前空走纸、打印前空走纸


berthing space

停泊区、住舱、船员舱、泊位


bidual space

双对偶空间、二次对偶空间


shipping space

船位、舱位、装货场所、订舱


admission space

进气容积、装填体积、进料空间、允许空间、可装填体积


messing space

船员集合室、船员集会室、船员餐室


spherical space

球面空间、对映空间、球形空间


acceleration space

(电子枪等内的)加速空间


spectral space

光譜空間。在光譜影像中，用以表示光譜特性的方法之一。

譜空間。一個拓撲空間，它與一個交換環的譜同構。


air space

At that point there was little if anything that could have been done to save the six miners—drilling ultimately determined that the tunnel where the men were presumed trapped had only a half-foot of air space left.

2005, Paul Foy, "Year after Utah mine collapse, many failures clear," FOXnew.com (retrieved 30 July 2010):


idle space

有害空间、无效空间、未用空间


accomplish

accomplishes (third-person singular present)
accomplishing (present participle)
accomplished (past participle)

完成、达到目的、实行、实现、执行、达到目的、贯彻


sartorial

源自新拉丁語 sartorius，來自晚期拉丁語 sartor (“裁縫”)，來自拉丁語 sarcire (“修補”)。

more sartorial (comparative)
most sartorial (superlative)


OMG

這是oh my God的縮寫，儘管有時為了避免冒犯而使用委婉語來解釋。在首次出現時，這也是對聖米迦勒及聖喬治勳章（Order of St Michael and St George）的雙關語參考。

/ˌəʊ.ɛmˈd͡ʒiː/

/ˌoʊ.ɛmˈd͡ʒiː/

由於提及了上帝，OMG可能會被一些人認為具有冒犯性，儘管可以聲稱用意是委婉語，例如oh my gosh或oh my goodness，以減少冒犯。

OMG, I just won tickets to a concert! Today is the best day ever!

天哪，我刚刚赢了一张音乐会的门票！今天是我人生中最美好的一天！

…and then he said I was ugly, so I punched him in the face. — OMG, really?

……然后他说我醜，所以我就给了他的脸一拳。——天哪，真的吗？

I hear that a new order of Knighthood is on the tapis—O.M.G. (Oh! My God!)—Shower it on the Admiralty!!

1917年September9日，John A.F. Fisher，letter to Winston Churchill:

10 Bands, 50 bands, 100 bands, fuck it, man / Let's just not even discuss it, man / OMG, niggas sleep, I ain't trippin', I'ma let 'em sleep

2015，“10 Bands”, in If You’re Reading This It’s Too Late，演出者 Drake:


OMG

/ˌəʊ.ɛmˈd͡ʒiː/

/ˌoʊ.ɛmˈd͡ʒiː/

Object Management Group (“对象管理组织”)之首字母縮略詞。


BYOC

是"Bring Your Own Computer"的英文缩写，意为“带上你自己的电脑”。通常用于一些需要自己带上电脑参加比赛的电脑游戏赛事。比如Quakecon就是一个在北美举办的BYOC性质的局域网比赛。


in on

參與;知道祕密;熟悉內情


lapsang souchong

正山小種，紅茶的一個品種。


NCI

National Cancer Institute (“美国国家癌症研究所”)之首字母縮略詞。


avidity

【化】親合力, 親合力強度, 活動性


panentheism

借自德語 Panentheismus，1828年由卡尔·克里斯蒂安·弗里德里希·克劳泽所創造，借用古希臘語 πᾶν ἐν θεῷ (pân en theôi，“所有的神”)加上 + -ismus (“表示主義的後綴”)而成。

pan-en-theism (alternative)
Panentheism (alternative)
Pan-en-theism (alternative)

The third great age of humanity (das Reifalter) is that in which all its powers are fully and harmoniously developed... and in which panentheism is universally and cordially accepted as the only true and adequate doctrine either of science or of society.

1874，Robert Flint，The Philosophy of History in France and Germany，頁 484:

Pantheism or panentheism... is condemned by the Church, as well as by the teachings of Schopenhauer and of the modern Hartmann.

1895，Benito Pérez Galdós，Doña perfecta，頁 84:

This panentheistic doctrine contains all of deism and pandeism except their arbitrary negations. Thus ARCW, or absolute-relative panentheism, is the one doctrine that really states the whole of what all theists, if not all atheists as well, are implicitly talking about.

1964，Charles Hartshorne，Man's Vision of God and the Logic of Theism，頁 348:


snags

snag 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


snagged

snag的过去式和过去分词。


KO

（拳击）使在计数到10之前不能立起；击倒


conundra

We present below the major policy paradoxes or conundra indicated by such research and theorizing.

1992, Steve Chan and Cal Clark, Flexibility, Foresight, and Fortuna in Taiwan's Development, Routledge, ISBN 0415075963, page 11,

Indeed, in the Cartesian view, the inability to draw an appropriate connection between the mental and the physical results in both metaphysical and epistemological conundra: the mind-body problem, the problem of knowledge of the external world, and the problem of other minds.

2000，Willem A. DeVries, Timm Triplett，Knowledge, Mind, and the Given，Hackett Publishing, →ISBN，頁 xlv:

Rey is worried about conundra involving epiphenomenalism, zombies and such, and to avoid them he wants to reduce phenomenal consciousness to the computational.

2007，Ned Block，Consciousness, Function, and Representation，MIT Press, →ISBN，頁 218:

Aristocrats don't notice philosophical conundra.


Groundhog Day

来自电影偷天情缘的英文名。

指糟糕的事情循环发生的情况。


buses

虽然一般在复数形式中，短元音后的辅音字母要双写，英美式英语中 bus 的常用复数均为 buses。busses 的形式较为少见。


buses

bus 的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


bused

bus的过去式和过去分词。


busing

（美）用公共汽车搭载学生到别区的学校上学，改善社会不平等或增进种族融合。


acquire

來自中古英語 acqueren，來自古法語 aquerre，來自拉丁語 acquirō；ad- + quaerō (“在……中搜索”)。參見quest。

acquires (third-person singular present)
acquiring (present participle)
acquired (past participle)

all the riches he acquired were from hard work.

他獲得的所有財富都來自辛勤勞動。

One should acquire as much knowledge as possible from reading.

人應該通過閱讀盡可能多地獲取知識。

to acquire a skill

to acquire decent habits and manners

Ivor had acquired more than a mile of fishing rights with the house ; he was not at all a good fisherman, but one must do something ; one generally, however, banged a ball with a squash-racket against a wall.

1922，Michael Arlen，“3/19/2”, in “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:


Anglophone

/ˈæŋɡləˌfəʊn/

/ˈæŋɡləˌfoʊn/

/ˈeɪŋɡləˌfoʊn/


Anglophone

/ˈæŋɡləˌfəʊn/

/ˈæŋɡləˌfoʊn/

/ˈeɪŋɡləˌfoʊn/


manana

mañana的另一種拼寫法


years

It will be a shorter book and it will not start four million years ago.

1981, May 5 1718-PDT, Jim McGrath, Earliest Usenet use via Google Groups: fa.sf-lovers, said with a smile at an awards ceremony in the Pennsylvania state Capitol


years

It took years for the bus to come.

等了幾萬年才等到巴士到站。


stalls

stall的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


wider

wide 的比較級形式。


wider

wide 的比較級形式。


does

源自中古英語 dos，doth, doþ的變體，等同於do + -s。

do的第三人稱單數簡單現在時直陳式


does

源自名詞doe (“母鹿”)。


rightmost

She tried the rightmost door first.

她首先嘗試了最右邊的門。

Start with the rightmost one and work towards the left.

從最右邊的那個開始，然後向左移動。


anchor

繼承自中古英語 anker，來自古英語 ancor、ancra，來自拉丁語 ancora，來自(或同源) 古希臘語 ἄγκυρα (ánkura)。現代形式是16世紀修改後的中世紀拉丁語拼寫anchora。

Men that I knew around Wapatomac didn't wear high, shiny plug hats, nor yeller spring overcoats, nor carry canes with ivory heads as big as a catboat's anchor, as you might say.

1913，Joseph C[rosby] Lincoln，章號 X, in Mr. Pratt’s Patients，New York, N.Y., London: D[aniel] Appleton and Company, →OCLC，頁 1:


anchor

繼承自中古英語 anchoren、ankeren，可能源自名詞或（經由古法語 ancrer）來自中世紀拉丁語動詞ancorare，均來自相同拉丁語詞彙ancora。

anchour (alternative)
anchors (third-person singular present)
anchoring (present participle)
anchored (past participle)

使處於困境中的人情緒穩定

It is an incredible tale and one that makes no sense on so many levels. Only two years ago Leicester were anchored to the foot of the Premier League and staring at the prospect of relegation to the Championship under Nigel Pearson.

2017年March14日，Stuart James，“Leicester stun Sevilla to reach last eight after Kasper Schmeichel save”, in the Guardian:


porin

革蘭式陰性菌外層脂多醣膜的一種膜蛋白，能讓極性的小分子通過。


dutch

dutches (third-person singular present)
dutching (present participle)
dutched (past participle)

Dutch的首字母小寫形：給可可加碱

Natural cocoa has not been "dutched". I actually prefer the natural, but if you use it, be sure to increase the baking soda to compensate for the additional acid.

2011，boulangere (user name)，“Is Hersheys Special Dark "A blend of Natural and Dutched Cocoas" The same as "Dutch Processed Cocoa Powder?"”, in Food52: