equate

源自中古英語 equaten，源自拉丁語 aequātus，aequō的過去分詞。

Mr. Hoyle, who does not believe many multiple-unit diesel services on secondary routes will resist for ever the road transport challenge, would forgo passenger traffic altogether on a little-used route in order to improve the quality of the freight working and reduce its costs by equating the average speed of all trains on the line concerned.

1960 February, “Talking of Trains”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，頁號 67:


pun

繼承自中古英語 ponnen、ponen、punen，來自古英語 punian、pūnian (“重擊，毆打，咆哮，輾壓，研磨”)，來自原始日耳曼語 *punōną (“打碎，粉碎”)。參見pound。作為一種文字遊戲，來自"beating"字到位的概念。


give up

He was surrounded, so gave himself up.

他被包圍了，所以投降了。

They gave him up to the police.

They gave up the search when it got dark.

天黑了，他們停止了搜索。

He gave up his seat to an old man.

"Dear Miss Woodhouse, I would not give up the pleasure and honour of being intimate with you for any thing in the world."

“親愛的伍德豪斯小姐，跟你在一起又快樂又榮幸，我說什麽也不能離開你。”

They gave him up for dead.

他们認爲他活不成了。或
〈喻〉他們認爲他不會出現或到來了。

I gave up my faith years ago.

幾年前我放棄了我的信仰。

代表另一個經紀人執行交易


mother

:< 中古英語 moder < 古英語 mōdor < 原始日耳曼语 *mōđēr（对比古弗里斯兰语 mōder、荷兰语 moeder、德语 Mutter） < 原始印欧语 *méh₂tēr（对比爱尔兰语 máthair、吐火罗语A mācar、吐火罗语B mācer、立陶宛语 mótė）。


orange

源自中古英語 orenge, orange ← 古法語 pome orenge (“波斯橙”)，字面意思“橘子蘋果”，受古奧克語 auranja影響，轉譯自古意大利語 melarancio, melarancia，mela (“蘋果”)和(n)arancia (“橙子”)的複合 ← 阿拉伯語 نَارَنْج (nāranj) ← 波斯語 نارنگ (nârang) ← 梵語 नारङ्ग (nāraṅga, “橙樹”) ← 達羅毗荼語系（對比泰米爾語 நார்த்தங்காய் (nārttaṅkāy)，நரந்தம் (narantam, “香氣”)和காய் (kāy, “水果”)的複合；也見泰盧固語 నారంగము (nāraṅgamu), 馬拉雅拉姆語 നാരങ്ങ (nāraṅṅa), 卡納達語 ಕಿತ್ತಳೆ (kittaḷe)）。
顏色一義則是代替了古英語 ġeolurēad (字面意思是“黃-紅”)；對比英語 blue-green。

/ˈɔɹ(ɪ)nd͡ʒ/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-orange.wav


route

來自中古英語 route，源自古法語 route、rote (“道，路，徑”)（對比現代法語 route），來自拉丁語 (via) rupta (“用強力打開的（道路）”)，源自rumpere viam（“開闢道路”）。中國古代行政區劃的義項是意譯自漢語 路 (lù)。

All incoming mail was routed through a single office.

所有收到的郵件都通過一個辦公室轉送。

Google Glass has come under fire from privacy advocates because it can record video without subjects being aware of it, and that any video will be routed through Google's servers.

2014年June24日, “Google Glass go on sale in the UK for £1,000”, 出自 The Guardian:


bonjour

來自法語 bonjour (“你好；早安”)。

He went on down the boulevard, bonjouring right and left, lifting his hat, bowing. He moved very slowly.

1938, Donald Barr Chidsey, Each one was alone:

Connaughton entered the simple but cheery restaurant, checked his coat, bonjoured the maître d'...

1988, Gary Hart, The Strategies of Zeus:

They bonjoured back and stood there awkwardly. Finally, Flood broke the silence.

2005, James H Irwin, Mokanshan: A Tale of Wallis Simpson's Naughty Shanghai Postcards:


dun

未知；可能是din的變體。多個來源認為源自 Joe Dun，一名因逮捕追債者而出名的執達吏之名，不過這個說法有爭議。

And hath she sent so soon to dun?

1768, Jonathan Swift, The Works of Dr. Jonathan Swift, London: C. Bathurst, →OCLC, Miscellanies in Verse，頁號 309:

Of all he had received from Lady Bellaston, not above five guineas remained and that very morning he had been dunned by a tradesman for twice that sum.

1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, Folio Society 1973, p. 577:

不停重複（要求等）來騷擾

Rich bitches who had to be dunned for their milk bills would pay him right now.

1940, Raymond Chandler, Farewell, My Lovely, Penguin 2010, p. 107:


dun

可能源自處理過後魚的顏色。

醃製好鱈魚等魚類後將其堆放在不被光線直射到的地方, 並用碱茅等覆蓋來保存

Dun-fish are of a superior quality for the table, and are cured in such a manner as to give them a dun or brownish color. Fish for dunning are caught early in spring, and sometimes February, at the Isle of Shoals.

1832, James Thacher, History of Plymouth; from its first settlement in 1620, to the year 1832, Boston: Marsh, Capen & Lyon, →OCLC，頁號 317:


harp

繼承自中古英語 harpe，繼承自古英語 hearpe (“豎琴”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *harpā，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *harpǭ (“豎琴”)。同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 hairp (“豎琴”)、西弗里斯蘭語 harpe、harp (“豎琴”)、低地德語 Harp (“豎琴”)、荷蘭語 harp (“豎琴”)、德語 Harfe (“豎琴”)、丹麥語 harpe (“豎琴”)、瑞典語 harpa (“豎琴”)。

以技巧和藝術來發展或表達；像豎琴一樣發出聲音

Thou harped my fear aright.

你正確地表達了我的恐懼。

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iv]:


English

源自中古英語 Englisch、English、Inglis，來自古英語 Englisċ (“盎格魯人的；英格蘭的”)，來自Engle (“盎格魯人，日耳曼部落”) + -isċ；等同於Angle + -ish。對比荷蘭語 Engels、丹麥語 engelsk、古法語 Englesche（法語 anglais的來源）, 德語 englisch、西班牙語 inglés，最初來源為原始印歐語 *h₂enǵʰ- (“窄的”)（對比梵語 अंहु (aṃhu, “窄的”)、अंहस् (aṃhas, “緊張；罪惡”)、拉丁語 angustus (“窄的”)、教會斯拉夫語 ѫзъкъ (ǫzŭkŭ, “窄的”)）。

[…] severe prohibuit viris suis tum misceri feminas in consuetis suis menstruis, etc. I spare to English this which I have said.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
, page 214 (2001 reprint):

Mamma is an adaptation of a French farce by Mr. Sydney Grundy, made in the time when his chief claim to recognition as a playwright lay in his ingenious aptitude for Englishing the un-Englishable.

1901, The Speaker, the Liberal Review - Volume 3，頁號 654:

Here, the poems are Englished by twelve different translators

2011, Colin Cheney, 'Where Should I Start with Tomas Tranströmer?':


insult

- Marvel owns your gods!
- Insulting is not arguing.


reject

*源自晚期的中古英語 rejecten ← 拉丁語 rēiectus ，rēicere（“扔回”） 的過去分詞形式 ← rē- （“回”）+ iacere（“扔”）。
*該詞代替了如下近義詞：中古英語 forwerpen (“拋棄”)(源自古英語 forweorpan)； 中古英語 forcasten(“扔掉”) (源自古諾爾斯語 forkasta)；中古英語 skirpen(“使噴湧而出”)(源自古諾爾斯語 skirpa (“吐出”))；中古英語 wernen(“拒絕，回絕”) (源自古英語 wiernan (“拒絕，回絕”))；中古英語 withchosen, withchesen（“拒絕”）(源自古英語 wiþċēosan (“拒絕”))。


gangrene

來自法語 gangrène，來自拉丁語 gangraena，來自古希臘語 γάγγραινα (gángraina, “壞疽”)。

/ˈɡaŋˌɡɹiːn/

Vulneration or section sometimes procures a Gangrene, when the vital Principle is so debilitated, or enormous by the would, that instead of a good suppuration and vigorous transmutation, a depraved matter is generated, which corrupts and gangrenes the part: and thus a small cut of a finger or Toe hath gangrened, and killed the person: but in greater Wounds, the danger is greater, as more frequently to happen.

1682, Pains afflicting humane bodies, their various Difference, Causes, Parts affected, Signals of Danger or Safety，頁號 204:

An intensely biting frost will gangrene the membrane ; a foggy state of the atmosphere, with low, black, stagnant exhalations, accompanied with sudden, frequent intermissions, interchanges, and oscillations of dryness and moisture, expansion and condensation, will corrupt and putrify both the membrane and the mucous discharge.

1762 December, John Chandler, “A Treatise of the Disease called a Cold”, 出自 The critical review, or annals of literature, 卷 12，頁號 423:

For where it chances to be successful, it is like the copper shot of the Mexicans, which gangrenes the wound.

1851 December, “The Wit and Wickedness of Sarcasm”, 出自 The Ladies' Repository, 卷 20，頁號 224:

That is true,” replied Almira, “nothing can be performed without labor, and where there is labor there will be discontent, and where there is no labor there will be heart-burning and jealousy about insignificant trifles, such as gangrenes the real pleasures of contemplation within these walls; walls, which would otherwise hold out an asylum, much to be prized by those who have been unfortunate, who have lost all their friends, or who are weary of the world."

1801, George Walker, The Three Spaniards:

The Stuart Restoration period was a necessary sequence of the Puritan period, and there is a similar cause for the sensualism that gangrenes the heart of our morbidly prudish Society of to-day.

1889 July, John Miller, “The Abuse of Marriage”, 出自 The Centennial Magazine: An Australian Monthly, 卷 2, 號 12，頁號 902:

The same delusion will gangrene England within the lifetime of most men of military age unless she will realize that gold is dross ; that her poets, her artists, and her scholars are her very soul.

1930, P.R. Stephensen, The Legend of Aleister Crowley: A Study of the Facts:


bottleneck

The merge bottlenecked the traffic every morning.

车道合并导致每天早上交通都会拥堵。


escalate

Violence escalated during the election.

The shooting escalated the existing hostility.

槍擊事件使現有的敵意升級。

"Operating the WCML at this intensity makes it challenging to maintain acceptable performance levels, resulting in a frustratingly unreliable service for passengers. Minor disruption can escalate into significant delays because a train running only a few minutes late can miss its slot across a junction, resulting in a snowballing effect across the network."

2020年May6日, Philip Haigh, “Just one more stop on the long journey to HS2 fulfillment [sic]”, 出自 Rail，頁號 65:

在技術支援中，將客戶或問題等移交給上一級主管部門。

The tech 1 escalated the caller to a tech 2.

技術員1將來電者轉移給技術員2。


suspect

來自古法語 suspect，來自拉丁語 suspectus，suspiciō (“不信任，懷疑”)的完整體被動分詞，來自sub (“底下”) + speciō (“看，看著”)。

揣測；想象或假設某事物為真或存在

to suspect the presence of disease

From her hand I could suspect no ill.

1667, John Milton, “Book 9”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

WikiLeaks did not cause these uprisings but it certainly informed them. The dispatches revealed details of corruption and kleptocracy that many Tunisians suspected, but could not prove, and would cite as they took to the streets.

2013年June7日, Gary Younge, “Hypocrisy lies at heart of Manning prosecution”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 卷 188, 期 26，頁號 18:

to suspect the truth of a story

An inhabitant of Gubio, in the duchy of Urbino, in Italy, suspecting the fidelity of his wife, he, in a fit of jealousy, in order to find out whether his suspicion was true, did what the ecclesiastick history informs us Origen did from devotion.

1785, James Ridgway, A Dictionary of Literary Conversation:

I suspect him of being the thief.


nipper

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


blame

繼承自中古英語 blamen，源自古法語 blasmer，來自晚期拉丁語 blasphēmāre (“責罵，辱罵”)，來自古希臘語 βλασφημέω (blasphēméō)。blaspheme的同源對似詞。從本土詞wite (“責備、指責、譴責、懷疑”)（來自中古英語 wīten、中古英語 wītan）變為常見用語。

The student driver was blamed for the accident.

事故责任归咎于学生司机。

After what happened at the wedding, I wouldn't blame you if you never spoke to them again.

婚礼上发生了那件事之后，如果你再也不和他们说话了，我不会责怪你。

We blamed the accident on the student driver.

我们把事故归咎于学生司机。


paralyse

使麻痺，使癱瘓；使氣餒；使驚呆

The transport strike paralysed the city.

交通罷工使這座城市陷入癱瘓。


sediment

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


impart

繼承自中古英語 imparten、借自中古法語 impartir、empartir，源自晚期拉丁語 impartiō、impertiō，源自 im- + 拉丁語 partiō (“分割”)。

disclose

（通過話語、寫作等）通知，透露

tell

（通過話語、寫作等）通知，透露

賦予，給予（品質或財產）

The sun imparts warmth.

to impart food to the poor

Expressing well the spirit within thee [Adam] free, / My [God's] image, not imparted to the brute.

1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，行號 440:

Did not Mazzini impart his spirit to divided Italy, and make her one?

1907, Charles Henry Vine, The Old Faith and the New Theology:

Cary Grant imparts his ineffable charm, Kennedy (with metal hand) provides comic brutality, while Hepburn is elegantly fraught.

2002, John Pym, Time Out Film Guide，頁號 202:

（通過話語、寫作等）通知，透露

Well may he then to you his cares impart.

1662, John Dryden, letter to Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon:

The departure was not unduly prolonged. […] Within the door Mrs. Spoker hastily imparted to Mrs. Love a few final sentiments on the subject of Divine Intention in the disposition of buckets; farewells and last commiserations; a deep, guttural instigation to the horse; and the wheels of the waggonette crunched heavily away into obscurity.

1922, Ben Travers, 章號 5, 出自 A Cuckoo in the Nest:

Sweet Cossen, what we may not now impart, heere let vs bury it, closely in our hart

c. 1587 Anthony Munday, John a Kent and John a Cumber


consensus

源自拉丁語 cōnsēnsus (“同意，一致”)，來自cōnsentiō (“共感；同意”)；參見consent。

尋求共識；進行討論，以達成共同協議

I think we a strongly consensused society. There was a consensus during the 1950's, the Eisenhower years, in our society. Then in the 1960's came a period of division.

1975, United States. Bureau of the Census, The Census Bureau (page 168)

None of this consensusing was done with the Manual. There were no national workshops, forums, etc.

1992, United States. Congress. House. Committee on Science, Space, and Technology. Subcommittee on Environment, The Science of Wetland Definition and Delineation: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Environment of the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, U.S. House of Representatives, One Hundred Second Congress, First Session, November 12, 1991 (page 185)


suture

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


deserve

繼承自中古英語 deserven，來自古法語 deservir，來自拉丁語 dēserviō，來自dē- + serviō。

After playing so well, the team really deserved their win.

打得如此出色，这支球队确实配得上胜利。

After what he did, he deserved to go to prison.

他做了那样的事，就该坐牢。

This argument deserves a closer examination.

这一论点值得进一步研究。

God exacteth of thee less than thine iniquity deserveth.

神追討你，比你罪孽該得的還少。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Job 11:6:

John Gay deserved to be a favourite.

1853, William Makepeace Thackeray, The English Humorists of the Eighteenth Century:

the grantees named in the questioned deed executed by their father richly deserved receiving the family home.

Perhaps they do, but they don't deserve that the rest of us contribute money or appropriate public funds for the purchase of pictures and the construction of buildings.

2008, Michael Walzer, Spheres Of Justice: A Defense Of Pluralism And Equality，頁號 24:


vinegar

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


prejudice

來自中古英語 prejudice，來自古法語 prejudice，來自拉丁語 praeiūdicium (“前例，前判；傷害，損害”)，來自prae- (“之前”) + iūdicium (“審判”)。

/ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/

對（某人的地位、機會等）產生負面影響

引起偏見；使人的思想產生偏差


conversation

繼承自中古英語 conversacioun，來自古法語 conversacion及其同源詞，拉丁語 conversātiōnem，conversātiō (“會話”)的賓格單數，來自conversor (“駐足，陪伴”)。
型態分析為converse + -ation。

[ˌkʰɒɱ.vəˈseɪ.ʃn̩]

[ˌkʰɑɱ.vɚˈseɪ.ʃn̩]

Gone now are the "high-minded" style, the "adapted from literature" feel, the voice-over narration, and the abstract conversationing about ideas, values...

1983, James Frederick Mason, Hélène Joséphine Harvitt, The French review:

...he has breakfasted me, dined me, conversationed me, absolutely caressed me. He has been really most kind and paternal...

1989, Robert L Gale, A Henry James encyclopedia:

After all this conversationing, Scottie, my usual dance partner, was getting antsy and wanted to dance.

2002, Georgie Nickell, I Only Smoke on Thursdays:


peel

源自中古英語 pelen，源自古英語 pilian、古法語 peler、pellier，源自拉丁語 pilō, pilāre (“剝皮，去除……的毛髮”)，源自pilus (“頭髮，毛髮”)。pill的同源對似詞。

I sat by my sister's bed, peeling oranges for her.

我坐在姊/妹的床上，給她削橙子吃。

I peeled (the skin from) a banana and ate it hungrily.

我剝開香蕉皮，狼吞虎嚥地吃起香蕉來。

We peeled the old wallpaper off in strips where it was hanging loose.

我們把鬆垮的舊墻紙扯下來。


peel

源自古法語 piller (“搶掠”)。

O conſider my caſe, moſt blisfull Queen, […] Diſpell thoſe Clouds which hover 'twixt my King and his higheſt Counſell, […] that my great Law-making Court be forced to turn no more to polemicall Committees, […] but that they may come again to the old Parliamentary Rode, To the path of their Predeceſſours, to conſult of means how to ſweep away thoſe Cobwebs that hang in the Courts of Juſtice, and to make the Laws run in their right Channell; to retrench exceſſive fees, and finde remedies for the future, that the poor Client be not ſo peeled by his Lawyer, and made to ſuffer by ſuch monſtrous delays, that one may go from one Tropick to the other, and croſſe the Equinoctiall twenty times, before his ſute be done; […]

1645, James Howell, “England’s Tears, for the Present Wars, which for the Nature of the Quarrel, the Quality of the Strength, the Diversity of Battels, Skirmishes, Encounters, and Sieges, (Happened in so Short a Compasse of Time) Cannot be Parallel’d in Any Precedent Age”, 出自 ΔΕΝΔΡΟΛΟΓΊΑ [DENDROLOGIA]: Dodona’s Grove, or The Vocall Forrest. The Third Edition More Exact and Perfect than the Former; with the Addition of Two Other Tracts: viz. Englands Tears for the Present Wars. And The Pre-eminence of Parlements, 3rd版, Cambridge: Printed by R. D. for Humphrey Moseley, and are to be sold at his shop at the Prince's Arms in S. Pauls Church-yard, →OCLC，頁號 189:


broadcast

Japanese simultaneous interpreter and translator Eriko Sekiya in an NHK Radio studio, from which she broadcasts (verb sense 3) a programme on introductory business English
日本同聲傳譯家、翻譯家関谷英里子正在NHK演播室，她在此作客介紹商務英語初級課程的節目
Paddy being broadcast (verb sense 4) or sown by hand in Chaudwar, Odisha, India
印度奧里薩邦喬烏德瓦爾的手工播撒稻種
broad + cast。

broadcasts
broadcasting
broadcast
broadcasted

過去式和過去分詞可用 broadcast 或 broadcasted，但 broadcast 更常用。截止2019年，Google Books 給出326,000個有關 "was broadcast"的結果，而"was broadcasted"的結果為12,900個。

When the boys reached the business section of Bayport they found that Jackley's confession had already become known. The local radio station had broadcast it in the afternoon news program and people everywhere were discussing it.

1927年June1日, Franklin W. Dixon [pseudonym: Leslie McFarlane], “A Surprise”, 出自 The Tower Treasure (The Hardy Boys; no. 1), New York, N.Y.: Grosset & Dunlap, →OCLC:

Practicing vocational service to the limit of one's vision makes a difference whether an employer regards his employees as "robots or human beings"; it makes a difference in the kind of advertisements he publishes or broadcasts; it makes a difference how he reacts under pressure from a competitor; it makes a difference in the quality of his service.

1967 January, “Four Avenues of Service”, 出自 Adventure in Service (Pamphlet [Rotary International]; 52), Evanston, Ill., Zurich: Rotary International, →OCLC，頁號 69:

The TV is broadcasting a FUZZY PICTURE that shows the weatherman from WVII, the Bango ABC affiliate.

1999 February, Stephen King, “Act 3”, 出自 Storm of the Century, trade paperback版, New York, N.Y.: Pocket Books, →ISBN，頁號 175:

The state of Rhode Island was the scene, on October 30, 1974, of yet another scare involving an adaptation of The War of the Worlds. Broadcast on radio station WPRO, Providence, the drama frightened listeners across the state. The play began with reporters covering a "meteor crash" near Jamestown, the purported Martian landing site. […] City fire stations and other radio and TV outlets reported being inundated with inquiries from anxious callers, as was WPRO, which received more than a hundred calls.

2005, Robert E. Bartholomew, “Introduction”, 出自 H[erbert] G[eorge] Wells, The War of the Worlds, New York, N.Y.: Cosimo Books, →ISBN，頁號 8:

The Royal Shakespeare Company will today become the first theatre in the UK to broadcast Shakespeare direct into schools. A production of Richard II, starring David Tennant in the title role, is going to be streamed free of charge into classrooms up and down the country.

2013年November15日, “Shakespeare broadcast direct into schools for first time”, 出自 ITV News，於2017-06-13歸檔自原頁面:

將訊息傳播到廣大地區；（尤指）一次性將同一封電郵發給許多人

The break with imperialism and the liberation of Russia from the predatory war, the publication of the secret treaties and the solemn abrogation of the policy of seizing foreign soil, the proclamation of national freedom and the recognition of the independence of Finland, the declaration of Russia as a "Federation of Soviet National Republics" and the militant battle-cry of a resolute struggle against imperialism broadcast all over the world by the Soviet government in millions of pamphlets, newspapers, and leaflets in the mother tongues of the peoples of the East and West—all this could not fail to have its effect on the enslaved East and the bleeding West.

[1934], Joseph Stalin, “The October Revolution and the National Question”, 出自 The October Revolution: A Collection of Articles & Speeches (Marxist Library), London: Martin Lawrence, →OCLC, section III (The International Importance of the October Revolution)，頁號s 15–16:

However, truth and lies can usually be confirmed or denied by speaking with eyewitnesses of events in order to verify what took place. The amount of time separating the event in question from when it was broadcasted also makes a difference.

2014, Greg[ory J.] Monette, The Wrong Jesus: Fact, Belief, Legend, Truth … Making Sense of What You’ve Heard, Colorado Springs, Colo.: NavPress in alliance with Tyndale House Publishers, →ISBN，頁號 178:

Urban legend has it that someone is monitoring all those e-mails broadcast from your work address. Hard to imagine a more boring job but the truth is, and I shouldn't have to tell people this, the record of those e-mails is in a server somewhere and it can be monitored.

2016, Richard A. Moran, “That Permanent Record”, 出自 The Thing about Work: Showing Up and Other Important Matters: A Worker’s Manual, Brookline, Mass.: Bibliomotion, →ISBN:

I ſhall content myſelf, […] to ſay that the ſeed ſhoud be ſown in the garden, or very good ground, in rows, or broadcaſt, and as ſoon as the plants are of the ſize of a gooſe-quill, to be tranſplanted in rows of eighteen inches diſtance, and eighteen inches apart, one plant from the other: […]

1789, Thomas Boothby Parkyns, “Some Account of the Racine de Disette, or Root of Scarcity, of Its Utility, and the Mode of Treating It; from a Letter of Thomas Boothby Parkyns, Esq., Addressed to the Secretary of the above-mentioned Society [the Royal Society for the Encouragement of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce].—From the Same Work [vol. 5 of the Transactions of the Society].”, 出自 The Annual Register, or A View of the History, Politics, and Literature, London: Printed for J[ames] Dodsley, in Pall-Mall, →OCLC，頁號 80，列號 1:

I wanted to grow my own cut flowers for the big day so three months earlier I broadcasted an annual seed mix across a few recently cleared borders.

2013年November9日, Sarah Price, “Breathing new life into an old garden [print edition: New life, old garden]”, 出自 The Daily Telegraph (Gardening), London，於2016-05-15歸檔自原頁面，頁號 G1:


estate

繼承自中古英語 estat，來自盎格魯-諾曼語 estat和古法語 estat（法語：état），來自拉丁語 status。state and status的同源對似詞。


convince

源自拉丁語 convincō (“說服，駁斥”)，來自con- + vincō (“攻佔，征服”)。convict的同源對似詞。替代本土古英語 oferreċċan。

[…]his two Chamberlaines / Will I with Wine, and Waſſell, ſo conuince, / That Memorie, the Warder of the Braine, / Shall be a Fume,[…]

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene vii]，頁號 135:

And therfore, God neuer wrought Miracle, to conuince Atheiſme, becauſe his Ordinary Works conuince it.

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Atheisme. XVI.”, 出自 The Essayes […], 3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC，頁號 90:

Which of you conuinceth mee of ſinne?

你們中間誰能指證我有罪呢？

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, John 8:46，列號 1:


fret

源自中古英語 frēten (“吃，侵蝕，摧毀，煩擾”)，源自古英語 fretan (“吃掉，吞噬；破裂，爆裂”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *fraetan，源自原始日耳曼語 *fraetaną (“消耗，吞食，吃掉”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *fra- (“完全，完整”)（源自原始印歐語 *pro- (“朝著，向前”)）+ *etaną (“吃”)（源自原始印歐語 *h₁ed- (“吃”)）。
與荷蘭語 vreten、fretten (“吞食，狼吞虎嚥”)、低地德語 freten (“吃掉”)、德語 fressen (“吞食，狼吞虎嚥”)、哥特語 𐍆𐍂𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (fraitan, “吞食”)、瑞典語 fräta (“吃掉，侵蝕，腐蝕”)同源；亦與丹麥語 fråse (“狼吞虎嚥”)有關。
“摩擦”之義可能是因與盎格魯-諾曼語 *freiter（現代法語 fretter (方言)）的音近而混同，其源自通俗拉丁語 *frictāre，是拉丁語 fricāre的反覆體，源自fricō (“摩擦”)，最终源自原始印歐語 *bʰreyH- (“切割”)；對比古法語 froter（現代法語 frotter）。來源推測的主要阻礙是缺少古法語詞彙的證明。

frets
fretting
fretted
fret
frate
fretted
fretten

Their hearts alreadie fretted and cankered at the very roote, for the last disgrace received.

1609, Ammianus Marcellinus, Philemon Holland, transl., 章號 XIV, 出自 The Roman Historie, containing Such Acts and Occurrents as Passed under Constantius, Iulianus, Iovianus, Valentinianus, and Valens, Emperours, book IX, London: Printed by Adam Islip, →OCLC，頁號 322:

And could we let a Light into their Bosoms, we should see them generally fretted and cankered with this secret and corroding Venom.

1727–1728, Mather Byles [et al.], 編者Bruce [Ingham] Granger, Proteus Echo (1727–28): A Series of Essays and Poems [...] that Appeared in the New-England Weekly Journal [...] (History of Psychology Series; 420), Delmar, N.Y.: Scholars' Facsimiles & Reprints, 出版於 1986, →ISBN，頁號 75:

A Perſon of Honour, of a full Body abounding with ſharp Humours, was ſeized with an Herpes on his right Leg. [...] [I]t inflamed and ſwelled very much, many Wheals aroſe, and fretted one into another, with great Excoriation.

1676, Richard Wiseman, “[A Treatise of Tumors.] Of an Herpes”, 出自 Severall Chirurgical Treatises, London: Printed by E. Flesher and J[ohn] Macock, for R[ichard] Royston bookseller to His Most Sacred Majesty, and B[enjamin] Took at the Ship in St. Paul's Church-yard, →OCLC，頁號 80:

We sometimes perform an operation on the under lip [...] in consequence of / Cancer Labii [cancer of the lips], / Which disease generally arises from the use of a pipe, and the manner in which it happens is this:—the adhesive nature of the clay of which the pipe is made, causes it to adhere to the lip; at length the cuticle becomes torn off, and the continued irritation frets the sore into true cancerous disease.

1823–1824, A[stley Paston] Cooper, “Lecture LII”, 出自 The Lancet. [...] In Two Volumes, 3rd版, 卷 II, London: Knight and Lacey, Paternoster-Row; and G. L. Hutchinson, the Lancet office, Strand, 出版於 1826, →OCLC，頁號s 100–101:

使躁動，使不平靜，激起漣漪

to fret the surface of water

Yorke hereupon conſults with his ſpeciall friends; [...] how Yorke might get the Crowne of England, and for that cauſe how to ruine or fret out the Duke of Sommerſet; who ſtanding, they were to looke for ſtrong oppoſition.

1611, John Speed, “Henrie the Sixth, King of England, and France, Lord of Ireland: The Three and Fiftieth Monarch of England, His Raigne, Actes, and Issve”, 出自 The History of Great Britaine under the Conquests of ye Romans, Saxons, Danes and Normans. [...], Imprinted at London: [By William Hall and John Beale] [...] and are to be solde by Iohn Sudbury & Georg Humble, in Popes-head alley at ye signe of ye white Horse, →OCLC; 再版 London: Printed by Iohn Beale, for George Hvmble, and are to be sold in Popes-head Pallace, at the signe of the White Horse, 1614, →OCLC, book 9, paragraph 55，頁號 665，列號 1:

We are all hurrying down the one common stream to the great ocean of eternity: but are we performing our social duties, as citizens of the world, in sculking away into holes and corners, to fret out time and life, because God has judged fit to withdraw the favourite toy he lent us—not making us destitute—but graciously leaving in our keeping, ten thousand toys beside.

1835, Louisa Sidney Stanhope, “Conclusion”, 出自 Sydney Beresford. A Tale of the Day. [...] In Three Volumes, 卷 III, London: Sherwood, Gilbert, and Piper, Paternoster-Row, →OCLC，頁號 274:

The Mines are cold where the outward Air comes in; but where not, warm. The greateſt trouble they have is by duſt, which ſpoileth their Lungs and Stomachs, and frets their Skins.

1677, Edward Browne, “A Journey from Vienna in Austria to Hamburg”, 出自 An Account of Several Travels through a Great Part of Germany: In Four Journeys. [...], London: Printed for Benj[amin] Tooke, and are to be sold at the sign of the Ship in St. Paul's Church-yard, →OCLC，頁號 136:

You may see the surges wear and fret away the basement of the cliff against which they dash themselves, and the mass of broken rock falls into the depth and disappears, and then it is carried away by the tide as it retires.

1881, Frederick W[illiam] Robertson, “The Peace of God”, 出自 “The Human Race” and Other Sermons Preached at Cheltenham, Oxford, and Brighton, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Franklin Square, →OCLC，頁號 233:

In all the present cases it is the aortic valves that are the source of the mischief. Vegetations, massive, tough, and often calcareous have formed upon these valves, and as they were drive to and fro by the blood-stream have fretted the parts with which they came into contact, and aneurysm at these spots has been the frequent result.

1886年January5日, Samuel West, “Some Aneurysms of the Heart, Many of the Cases Exhibiting the Effects of Erosion”, 出自 Transactions of the Pathological Society of London, 卷s XXXVII (Comprising the Report of the Proceedings for the Session 1885–86), London: Smith, Elder & Co., 15, Waterloo Place, →OCLC，頁號 159:

Fret not thy ſelfe becauſe of euill doers, neither bee thou enuious againſt the workers of iniquitie.

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 37:1:


fret

來自中古英語 frēten (“裝飾”)，來自古法語 freté、freter、fretter (“裝飾”)，來自古法語 fret（來自fraindre (“打破”)，來自拉丁語 frangō (“破壞，粉碎”)，來自原始意大利語 *frangō，源頭來自原始印歐語 *bʰreg- (“破壞”)）+ 古法語 -er (動詞形後綴)（來自拉丁語 -āre，源頭來自原始印歐語 *h₃enh₂- (“重壓”)）。

（尤指用交錯或交織的圖案）裝飾； 用雕刻或浮雕裝飾

The sun shone brilliantly through the trembling leaves, birds of many colors flitted from spray to spray, butterflies and bright insects crossed the fretted work of light and shade.

1882年July29日, J. Henry Shorthouse, “The Marquis Jeanne Hyacinth De St. Palaye [from Macmillan’s Magazine]”, 出自 Littel’s Living Age, 卷 XXXIX (Fifth Series; volume CLIV overall), 期 1988, Boston, Mass.: Littel & Co., →OCLC, section V，頁號 228，列號 1:


fret

來自中古英語 freten (“捆”)，來自古法語 freter，來自frete (“金屬包頭”)（現代法語 frette）。用來表示音樂意思的源頭未知；可能來自 frete 或來自 fret（摩擦）。

音樂方面的意思： 在（樂器）上裝上品

to fret a guitar

音樂方面的意思： 將琴弦壓在品的後面


activate

activate the economy

The pranksters activated the fire alarm by spraying deodorant next to it.

恶作剧者通过在旁边喷洒除臭剂来触发火警警报。

加速化學反應，例如用加熱等方式

組織、建立軍事單位或駐地

A new squadron was activated.


accept

首見於1380年。繼承自中古英語 accepten，借自古法語 accepter，或直接源自拉丁語 acceptō, acceptāre (“接受”)，源自accipiō，源自 ad- + capiō (“拿”)。


ether

源自2001年美國歌手纳斯的歌曲“Ether”。

The battle rapper ethered his opponent and caused him to slink away in shame.

那個說唱歌手惡毒地羞辱了他的對手一番，整得他溜走了。

HS Coach Gets Ethered By Girlfriend On FB, Resigns Amid Investigation [article title] […] On Monday, a woman living in Bowling Green, Ky., used her Facebook page to unleash one of the coldest, boyfriend-crushingest Dear John letters you'll ever read.

2014年February26日, Tom Ley, “HS Coach Gets Ethered by Girlfriend on FB, Resigns Amid Investigation”, 出自 Deadspin，於2018-10-22歸檔自原頁面:

Cory Barker: Game of Thrones is the easiest answer for me, but MaryAnn [Sleasman] did a fine job of ethering that overrated hunk of junk, so I'm free to take a few shots at Sherlock.

2015年August15日, “Pass the Remote: What is a Popular Show Everyone Loves but You Hate?”, 出自 TV.com，於2018-12-20歸檔自原頁面:

Best of all, [Steven] Soderbergh, a shade queen of our time!!!, slyly ethers James Cameron: […]

2015年September15日, Kirsten Yoonsoo Kim, “Steven Soderbergh Ethers James Cameron to Promote His Brandy”, 出自 Complex，於2015-09-19歸檔自原頁面:

On Wednesday, I found myself nodding along vigorously to the latest Kanye West Twitter screed, as this particular iteration included a call for more inclusion at the Grammys and one extremely polite ethering of Macklemore.

2016年February25日, Rohan Nadkarni, “How does Kanye West Tweet So Fast?: Some Working Theories—because these Rants are Coming at a Record Speed”, 出自 GQ，於2016-02-28歸檔自原頁面:


mine

源自中古英語，源自古法語 mine，源自晚期拉丁語 mina，源自高盧語（對比威爾士語 mwyn、愛爾蘭語 mianach (“礦石”)），源自原始凱爾特語 *mēnis (“礦石；金屬”)。

Crater of Diamonds State Park is the only place in the world where visitors can mine their own diamonds.

钻石坑州立公园是世界上唯一一个允许游客亲自开采钻石的地方。

We had to slow our advance after the enemy mined the road ahead of us.

敌人在我们前面的道路上埋设了地雷，我们不得不放慢前进的速度。

用地雷裝置損壞（車輛或船隻）


tomato

源自西班牙語 tomate，來自古典納瓦特爾語 tomatl，來自原始納瓦語 *tomatl。對照tomatillo。

[tʰə̥ˈmɑːtʰəʊ]

[tʰə̥ˈmɐːtʰɐʉ]

[tʰə̥ˈmeɪɾoʊ]

[tʰə̥ˈmeɪɾə]


beg

源自中古英語 beggen，古英語 *becgan、*bedcan、*bedican的同化形，bedecian (“乞求，懇求”)的中略形，可能源自原始日耳曼語 *bedagô (“請求者；乞丐”)，源自*bedą、*bedō (“祈禱；請求”)。與北弗里斯蘭語 bēdagi (“祈禱”)、哥特語 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌰𐌲𐍅𐌰 (bidagwa, “乞丐”)、古英語 biddan (“要求”)有關。參見bid、bead；也見書面挪威語 be (“乞求，要求”)。

I beg your pardon. I didn’t mean to cause offence.

請您原諒我。我不是要冒犯您的。

He begged her to go to the prom with him.

[約瑟]求耶穌的身體。

But that same day came Sam Tewkesbury to the Why Not? about nightfall, and begged a glass of rum, being, as he said, 'all of a shake' …

1898, J. Meade Falkner, Moonfleet Chapter 5

請求被指定為監護人，或請求為某人指定監護人

Else some will beg thee, in the court of wards.


turmoil

未知。首个记录见于1520年，可能源自古法語 tremouille (“磨粉机的漏斗”)。


abduct

派生自拉丁語 abductus，abduco (“帶走”)的完成被動分詞，源自 ab (“遠離”) + duco (“帶領”)。
* (生理學)： abduction 的逆構詞。

誘拐；劫持；綁架 （17世紀早期）

That same night he had by force abducted the president and the secretary of the club, and had taken them, much against their will upon a voyage in the wonderful air-ship, the “Albatross,” which he had constructed.

1904, Jules Verne, 章號 16, 出自 The Master of the World:

to abduct children

使外展 （17世紀早期）


abduce

派生自拉丁語 abdūcō (“帶走”)，源自ab (“從；離開”) + dūcō (“帶領”)。

牽引；導走；帶走；收回；引向不同的部位；將肢體移出，遠離身體中央 （16世紀中期）

If we abduce the eye unto either corner, the object will not duplicate.

得出結論（尤其在元分析中）；推斷 （20世紀初期）


abdicate

* 首次記錄於1541年。
* 派生自拉丁語 abdicātus (“放棄的”)，abdicō (“放棄，拒絕”) 的完成被動分詞，源自ab (“離開”) + dicō (“宣告、表明”)，類似於dīcō (“說”)。

否認某人並將其驅逐出家庭；聲明和……斷絕關係；剝奪繼承權（16世紀中期至19世紀早期）

正式將自己從某處脫離 （16世紀中期至17世紀晚期）

廢黜、廢位 （17世紀早期至18世紀晚期）

去除；拋棄；放棄 （16世紀中期至17世紀晚期）

betray and abdicate the due right both of ourselves and successors

投降、放棄或交出（主權等）；不再擔任或履行高級職位、身分 （首次記錄於17世紀）

to abdicate the throne, the crown, the papacy

The cross-bearers abdicated their service.

1776, Edward Gibbon, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire:

He abdicates all right to be his own governor.

1790, Edmund Burke, Reflections on the Revolution in France:

The understanding abdicates its functions.

1856, James Anthony Froude, History of England from the Fall of Wolsey to the Death of Elizabeth:


casket

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


honey

來自中古英語 hony, honi，來自古英語 huniġ，來自原始西日耳曼語 *hunag，來自原始日耳曼語 *hunagą（對照西弗里斯蘭語 hunich、德語 Honig），來自早期*hunangą（對比瑞典語 honung），來自原始印歐語 *kn̥h₂onk-o-s，來自*kn̥h₂ónks。和中古威爾士語 canecon (“金”)、拉丁語 canicae 複 (“糠”)、吐火羅語B kronkśe (“蜂”)、阿爾巴尼亞語 qengjë (“蜂巢”)、古希臘語 κνῆκος (knêkos, “紅花”)、北庫爾德語 şan (“蜂巢”)、北盧里語 گونج (gonj, “蜂”)同源。


debride

借自法語 débrider (“解脫，放開韁繩”)。


cowgirl

Once recovered I cowgirled him to a torturously slow climax, having him begging for release as I took him to the edge […]

2016, Angela Goodnight, My Life, My Loves: True, Explicit Autobiography:


decal

decals
decaling
decalling
decaled
decalled


countermine

[…]so Fritz could sleep easily in his trench, so far as mines were concerned; and Fritz, confident in his Herr Professors, altogether neglected any attempt to counter-mine.

1923, Frank Fox, “The Man-Made Earthquake”, 出自 Charles Francis Horne, The Great Events of the Great War, 卷 5:


decolonize

A paternal government would attempt to decolonize American literature, by forbidding the re-publication of foreign works, and offering premiums to those of home production.

父親式的政府會試圖透過禁止重新出版外國作品、並為本土作品提供獎勵的方式來使美國文學非殖民化。

1860, James Parton, Life of Andrew Jackson: In Three Volumes，頁號 84:

扭轉殖民帶來的影響，恢復一個群體的自治權

Across Ukraine, officials are starting projects to, as they say, “decolonize” their cities. Streets and subway stops whose names evoke the history of the Russian Empire or the Soviet Union are under scrutiny by a population eager to rid itself of traces of the nation that invaded in late February.

2022年June7日, Erika Solomon, “Goodbye, Tchaikovsky and Tolstoy: Ukrainians look to ‘decolonize’ their streets.”, 出自 The New York Times:

The arrival of Trump in the White House gave a new urgency to the idea that museums needed to “decolonize” their collections, atone for their past elitism, and become overtly political institutions rather than mere warehouses of valuable objects.

2022年October3日, Helen Lewis, “The Guggenheim’s Scapegoat”, 出自 The Atlantic, →ISSN:


depredate

晚期拉丁語 depraedari、depraedat-，源自 de- + praedari (“掠奪”)。

It makes the substance of the body […] less apt to be consumed and depredated by the spirits.

它使身體的物質 […] 不易被精神消耗和浪費。

1631, Francis [Bacon], “(please specify |century=I to X)”, 出自 Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:


diphthongize

雙元音化；藉由插入或刪除元音使……變成雙元音

同類詞： monophthongize


easternize

"It would suit me very well," he tells her, "if, at this point, I could easternize your Western eyes, your Western heart."

2007年January14日, Liesl Schillinger, “Siberian Fields”, 出自 New York Times:


dovetail

鴿子尾巴
榫頭
類似燕尾榫的線
名詞衍生自dove + tail。動詞衍生自名詞。

In house-building it is further forbidden [by Sultan Muhammed Shah] to dovetail or make the ends of the timbers (e.g. of the roof) fit accurately together, and also to build two verandahs, one on each side of the house, with their floors on a level with the floor of the main building; if two verandahs are used, the floor of one must be lower than that of the main building (kelek anak).

1900, Walter William Skeat, “Man and His Place in the Universe”, 出自 Malay Magic: Being an Introduction to the Folklore and Popular Religion of the Malay Peninsula, London: Macmillan and Co.; New York, N.Y.: The Macmillan Company, →OCLC, footnote 1，頁號 33:

The executive board dovetailed its decision neatly with the prior projects the company had taken up.

Through my new project, I dovetail my interests in botany and programming.

Close contacts are also maintained between the chief operating officers of the railways and the movement and transport officers of the Service departments to dovetail railway transport into the schemes of the fighting forces.

1943 March–April, John R. Hind, “The British Railways at War”, 出自 The Railway Magazine, Sutton, London: IPC Transport Press, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁號 95:

I felt that through the combined study of psychology and linguistics I would find out how children learned language, and that I would be able to dovetail this knowledge into my business career in Japan.

1988, Kenji Hakuta, “Why Bilinguals?”, 出自 Frank S. Kessel 編, The Development of Language and Language Researchers: Essays in Honor of Roger Brown, Hillsdale, N.J., Hove, East Sussex: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, →ISBN，頁號 299:

將算法或子程序交織，使其能夠同時運作

However, we can construct a single master algorithm M that DPExact learns from unknown distribution D by simply dovetailing the algorithms A. The precise way in which we dovetail the algorithms depends on whether our goal is time or query efficiency.

2002, Nader H. Bshouty, Jeffrey C. Jackson, Christino Tamon, “Exploring Learnability between Exact and PAC”, 出自 Computational Learning Theory: 15th Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, COLT 2002, Sydney, Australia, July 8–10, 2002: Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNAI); 2375; Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence), Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, →ISBN, →ISSN，頁號 248:


cupcake

“I have thought of nothing but you for many days.” / Leticia actually blushed. “You cupcaking me?”

「我已經好幾天只想著你了。」 / Leticia 居然臉紅了。「你在跟我調情嗎？」

2016, Janey Mack, 章號 35, 出自 Choked Up, New York, N.Y.: Kensington Books, →ISBN，頁號s 247–248:

“Quit cupcaking me, sugar.” / She was sure she was imagining the warmth in his deep, crinkly eyes, but her belly did a flip and high-fived her heart, as though she truly had succeeded in making him like her.

「別再跟我調情了，甜心。」/她確信自己正在想像他深邃、皺紋滿布的眼睛裡的溫暖，但她的肚子卻翻了個身，在心裡擊掌，彷彿她真的成功讓他喜歡上了她。

2016, Pippa Grant writing as Jamie Farrell, Sugared (Misfit Brides; 4), →ISBN:

Juan winks at her. "Sorry about my language. The shock paralyzed my thinking and tongue." / She smiles brightly. "No worries. I'm a nurse. I've heard it all." / Is Juan cupcaking the She-Ra, Princess of Power?

Juan 朝她眨了眨眼睛。「對不起，我說錯話了。驚嚇麻痺了我的思維和舌頭。」 / 她燦爛地笑了。 「不用擔心，我是名護士，我什麼都聽過。」/ Juan 在和神力女超人希瑞調情嗎？

2018, Carlos Bayne, Napkin Nights: The Crunk Chronicles, [Morrisville, N.C.]: [Lulu.com], →ISBN, Chronicle VII, Chapter 2，頁號 131:

把杯子蛋糕壓碎在……上；用杯子蛋糕覆蓋……

After waving and smiling a quick farewell, I turned back on my way out of the lunchroom – and ran smack into Rusty Kuznevoy, flattening his chocolate cupcake against his chest.[…]Rusty saw the smirk, and I appeared to be snickering at the toughest kid in fourth grade seconds after cupcaking him.[…]Maybe he’d forgotten all about being cupcaked?[…]I recalled my vow of supremacy from last year, the one I’d made just before I cupcaked Rusty, and I reasoned that my science project could also bring me some redemption for the events of yesterday.

在揮手微笑道別之後，我回頭走出午餐室──正好撞上 Rusty Kuznevoy，把他的巧克力杯子蛋糕壓在胸口上。 […] Rusty 看見了我的傻笑，而我在用杯子蛋糕砸了他之後，似乎還在對這個四年級最強悍的孩子冷笑。也許他忘記了被杯子蛋糕砸的一切？ […] 我想起了去年的誓言，那是我在用杯子蛋糕砸 Rusty 之前立下的誓言，我想我的科學專案也可以為我昨天的事帶來一些救贖。

2008, T. David Lee, 108th Street, New York, N.Y.: Eloquent Books, →ISBN，頁號s 60, 61, 169, and 199:

So Colin crouched down, allowing her to smash a slightly used cupcake against his nose.[…]Avery took the aprons from him, carefully folding them so more crumbs wouldn’t fall to the already cupcaked snow.

Colin 蹲下來，讓她把一個用過的小蛋糕砸在他的鼻子上。 […] Avery 從他手中接過圍裙，小心翼翼地折好，以免更多的碎屑掉到被杯子蛋糕砸了的雪地上。

2016, Rachel Hauck, A Royal Christmas Wedding (The Royal Wedding Series), Zondervan，頁號s 92–93:

She grabs another cupcake and quickly smushes it into the side of my face. I put down the camcorder and get her back. We’re now decorated in pink and white frosting. “I want a selfie of us,” she says. I pick up the camera and record us, cupcaked faces squeezed together, as we crack up.

她抓起另一個杯子蛋糕，迅速地把它抹到我的臉上。我放下攝影機，把她帶回來。我們現在用粉紅色和白色的糖霜裝飾。「我想要一張我們的自拍照，」她說。我拿起相機記錄我們，被杯子蛋糕砸了的臉擠在一起，我們開懷大笑。

2016, Christina Hoag, Girl on the Brink, Fire and Ice, →ISBN，頁號 11:

Got any diabetes jokes you can share with readers? “I never got bullied the same as other kids—my house never got egged. It got cupcaked.” —Geoff Grant (Las Vegas, Nevada)

有什麼糖尿病的笑話可以分享給讀者嗎？「我從來沒有像其他孩子那樣被欺負過——我家從來沒有被雞蛋扔過。它被杯子蛋糕砸過。」——Geoff Grant（內華達州拉斯維加斯）

2016, Brian King, The Laughing Cure, Skyhorse Publishing, →ISBN:

“[…]That was after I cupcaked him.” Dead silence greeted her. It ticked on for a few seconds as Nicolette yanked her cupcake-covered T-shirt off and tossed it onto her bathroom floor. “Are you there?” “Yes. I’m trying to figure out if I had a brain aneurysm or if I heard you right,” returned Clara. “Clara!” Nicolette squeaked. “I need your advice right now.” “On what part? The bringing-home-a-guy-to-have-sex-with or the Viking-cake bit?” “Not a Viking cake. A Viking covered in cake—erm, cupcake,” stressed Nicolette.

「……那是在我把杯子蛋糕砸到他身上之後」。迎接她的是死一般的寂靜。沉默了幾秒鐘後，妮可萊特把她那件沾滿蛋糕的T恤扯了下來，扔到了浴室的地板上。「你還在嗎？」「在，我正在想我是得了腦動脈瘤還是沒聽錯。」克拉拉回道。「克拉拉！」妮可萊特尖叫。「我現在需要你的建議。」「哪方面？帶男人回家做愛的部分還是維京蛋糕那部分？」「不是維京蛋糕。是被蛋糕上覆蓋的維京人，呃，是杯子蛋糕。」妮可兒強調。

2018, Mandy M. Roth, Act of Brotherhood (Paranormal Security®= and Intelligence® (Psi-Ops®) an Immortal Ops® World Novel), Raven Happy Hour, →ISBN:

“I cupcaked her.” “You did what?” “I cupcaked her. It was red velvet. I should’ve used a vanilla one, but I already picked a red velvet one.” “A cupcake.” “They had cupcakes for the birthday party. There was juice, too, but I didn’t have any. It had chunks.” “I don’t understand. What does that mean, you cupcaked her?” “You know, like I mashed a cupcake on her. In her face. Like at weddings and stuff.”

「我把杯子蛋糕砸在她身上了。」「你做了什麼？」「我把杯子蛋糕砸在她身上了。是紅絲絨味的。我應該用香草味的，但我已經選了紅絲絨的。」「一個杯子蛋糕。」「他們為生日派對準備了杯子蛋糕。也有果汁，但我沒喝。果汁裡有果肉。」「我不明白。你說把杯子蛋糕砸在她身上是什麼意思？」「你知道的，就像婚禮上那樣，把杯子蛋糕砸在她臉上。」

2018, Alex Grecian, The Saint of Wolves and Butchers, G. P. Putnam’s Sons, →ISBN:

The 28th straight win to open the season was greeted with cupcakes purchased by parents who made the spring break trip to Hawaii. “We cupcaked Murph’s face,” catcher Reagan Dykes said. “He didn’t seem too happy about that.” Confirmed. “I ran away from them too,” Murphy said. “I got one in the earhole. I smelled the frosting for like 12 hours.”

為了迎接開季的第28場連勝，春假期間前往夏威夷的家長們特意購買了杯子蛋糕。「我們把杯子蛋糕砸在 Murphy 的臉上。」捕手 Reagan Dykes 說。「他看起來不太高興。」Murphy 證實了這點。「我也從他們身邊跑開了。」Murphy 說。「我的耳朵裡進了一塊。我好像聞了12個小時的糖霜味。」

2019年March21日, Michael Casagrande, “The story behind Alabama softball’s record 31-0 start”, 出自 AL.com:

“Being an independent coach sure, I cupcaked my schedule,” said McGuire.

「作為一名獨立教練，當然，我輕鬆安排了我的時間表。」McGuire 說。

1981年January28日, Mike Fish, “College basketball — the power’s at…: UCLA rules, but ACC top conference”, 出自 The Kansas City Times，頁號 D-3:

After John Garr popped out, Jeff Ward cupcaked a ball to short for a forceout and Black scored.

在 John Garr 出局後，Jeff Ward 輕鬆地將球傳到游擊手位置進行封殺，Black 得分。

1988年July19日, Jack Oakley, “Modified battle is for 2nd”, 出自 The Register, 卷 110, 期 221，頁號 2B:

A&M also tackles Louisiana State and Tulsa and further cupcaked its campaign by arranging a game with Division I-AA Middle Tennessee State so it would have a sixth home game, moving Southwestern Louisiana back a year.

A&M 還與路易斯安那州立大學和塔爾薩大學交手，並藉由安排與I-AA 級中田納西州立大學的比賽進一步鞏固了自己的優勢，這樣它就有了第六個主場，而將西南路易斯安那州立大學的主場延後了一年。

1995年April15日, Kirk Bohls, “A mere 56 years later, Aggies will take 2nd title”, 出自 Austin American-Statesman，頁號 C1:

The Tigers have cupcaked their way to a 10-0 start against giant killers like Arkansas State, Monmouth and Charleston Southern.

老虎隊在對陣阿肯色州立大學、蒙茅斯大學和查爾斯頓南方大學這些強隊時，輕鬆地以10勝0敗的成績開局。

2006年December12日, Keith Jarrett, “Great record might not help Tigers”, 出自 Asheville Citizen-Times, 卷 137, 期 346，頁號 E4:

“I cupcaked the bitch!”

2014年August28日, Seth Stevenson, “Who’d Pay £600M to Watch This?”, 出自 The Independent, 期 8,701，頁號 38:

“Competitively, I want to play yesterday. I know if I had to go out there and lace ’em up and everything was on the line, like, I’m doing it 100%. … Not that I’m cupcaking it or anything but you have to be a little smarter, take care of your body.”

「從競技角度來說，我昨天就想上場。我知道我如果得要上場打敗他們，一切都岌岌可危，我會100%投入……並不是說我在輕鬆應對什麼，但你必須更聰明，照顧好自己的身體。」

2022年February14日, “Suns G Landry Shamet out through All-Star break with ankle injury”, 出自 Arizona Sports:

被蛋糕般的裝飾（如褶邊）覆蓋或充滿

Maeve joined them in happy admiration of the baby girl, who had just been christened with the name Genesis and was cupcaked for the occasion with endless bits of lace frill.

Maeve 加入了他們，對這個剛被命名為「創世紀」的女嬰感到高興，為了這個場合，她身上覆蓋著無盡的蕾絲褶邊裝飾。

1997, Lawrence J. Taylor, The Road to Mexico, Tucson, Ariz.: The University of Arizona Press, →ISBN，頁號 34:

By nine o’clock that night the snow had begun to fall even harder. Brendon stood on the corner of 87ᵗʰ Street and Stony Island Avenue beneath a green canvas awning now cupcaked with a layer of white.

那天晚上九點鐘，雪開始下得更大了。布倫登站在87街和石島大道的街角，站在一個綠色帆布遮陽篷下，遮陽篷現在覆蓋著一層如蛋糕般的白雪。

2015, Joe Kilgore, A Farmhouse in the Rain, Winchester, Washington: Top Hat Books, 出版於 2016:

It was no longer light, but I still could make out the front yard, which was cupcaked in snow.

雖然已經不再是白天，但我仍然能看出前院，院子裡覆蓋著一層如蛋糕般的積雪。

2016 March, Catherine Lowell, The Madwoman Upstairs, Touchstone, →ISBN，頁號 271:

Ahead in the dim dawn rose the white cupcaked dome of the Capitol.

在昏暗的黎明中，前方矗立著白色的國會大廈圓頂，覆蓋著一層'如蛋糕般的白雪。

2016 December, David Poyer, Onslaught: The War with China—The Opening Battle, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN，頁號 18:

It seemed like a beautiful moment as the billowy fabric cupcaked around her lower half.

當蓬鬆的布料在她的下半身周圍散開時，那一刻看起來非常美麗。

2017年May4日, Stephanie Haney, “The terrifying moment a bride nearly drowns as she gets stuck under her wedding dress after jumping into water before FIVE people come to her rescue”, 出自 MailOnline:

So—we offered a cup cake a day for life to anybody who would find us a better word than the word “market.”[…]She wrote to say that the Farmers Market defies description and asks why we don’t just keep on referring to it as the original Farmers Market and send the cup cakes to some home for under cup-caked children.

所以——我們提供終生每天一個杯子蛋糕，給任何能幫我們找到比「市場」更好詞語的人。 […] 她寫信說農夫市場無法用語言形容，並問我們為什麼不繼續稱其為原來的農夫市場，並將杯子蛋糕送給那些缺少杯子蛋糕的孩子們。

1942年March10日, Fred Beck, “Farmers Market Bulletin”, 出自 Los Angeles Times, 卷 LXI，頁號 2:

Winnie Ellis “cupcaked” her Decorative Stitchery group and Paul Barnett baked enough of her special bran muffins for all of the Meals on Wheels recipients.

Winnie Ellis 給她的裝飾刺繡小組送了杯子蛋糕，而 Paul Barnett 烘焙了足夠的特製麥麩鬆餅，供所有上門送餐服務的接受者享用。

1975年September11日, Kerrville Mountain Sun, 卷 94, 期 48, Kerrville, Tex.，頁號 six:

“We grew up here and love this community so anything that we can do to give back we will. We have taken cupcakes to the hospital, outreach groups, the SPCA and even the RCMP and firefighters have been cupcaked,” said [Raj] Singh, noting that they would even like to set up a scholarship for local students.

「我們在這裡長大，熱愛這個社區，所以我們會盡力回饋。我們把杯子蛋糕送到醫院、外展團體、SPCA，甚至皇家加拿大騎警和消防隊員也收到了杯子蛋糕，」[Raj] Singh 說，他指出他們甚至想為當地學生設立獎學金。

2008年December21日, Kristi Patton, “Pair display a sweet taste for business”, 出自 Penticton Western News, 卷 42, 期 153, Penticton, B.C.，頁號 9，列號 5:

Kenny started “You’ve Been Cupcaked” three years ago after she earned a following creating cakes and cupcakes for family members.

凱妮在三年前創辦了「你已收到杯子蛋糕」這個活動，在那之前，她因為為家人製作蛋糕和杯子蛋糕而贏得了追隨者。

2011年June19日, Stephanie A. O’Connell, “A baker’s delight, and that’s just icing on the cake”, 出自 Record-Journal, 144th year, 期 170, Meriden, Conn.，頁號 E4:


viewport

調整（圖像或區域）以與視角適配

Some general ideas on clipping, viewporting, and windowing can be found in Rogers and Adams.

1979, Tutorial: Computer Graphics，頁號 80:

Viewporting is an operation that takes the portion of the picture that has been mapped into the square region delimited by -1,+1,-1,+1 and further maps it into a rectangular subregion of the screen (a viewport).

1980, MTS, the Michigan Terminal System, 卷 17，頁號 42:

The main thing I want you to take away from this chapter is knowing where to start and creating a very simple viewported web site using nothing more than an extra <meta> tag and simple HTML.

2012, Scott Preston, Learn HTML5 and JavaScript for iOS:


vaticinate

源自拉丁語 vāticinātus，vāticinor (“預言，預示”) 的完成時被動分詞。

With a slow step, and tears in her eyes, Mrs. Glentworth, vaticinating trouble of some kind, proceeded to cut the string and break the seal of her pacquet.

1842, [anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon], 章號 LI, 出自 Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […], 卷 III, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁號 27:


unleash

He unleashed his dog in the park.

他在公園撒開了自己的狗。


hairbrush

Bad feeding, adolescence—always a dangerous period for the male—and the brutality and bestiality in the dormitories made life a hell on earth. An apathy settled on me. I withered. I learned nothing; I did nothing. I was kicked, hounded, caned, flogged, hairbrushed, morning, noon, and night.

1938, C. R. W. Nevinson, Paint and Prejudice, New York: Harcourt, Brace and Company，頁號s 11–12:

Do you know what it’s like, Brannan, to be flogged and hairbrushed, kicked and cursed every day of your school life? I’m treated worse than a dog and nobody gives a damn—least of all the masters.

2014, Dominic Luke, Nothing Undone Remained, London: Buried River Press，頁號 147:


hunch

hunk的齒擦音變體，起源不確定。
或是派生自hump，經由早期中古英語*hunche、*humpchin，來自*hump + -chin, -chen (指小詞後綴)，等同於hump + -kin。“預感，猜測”義據說源自過去賭博時摸駝背能帶來好運的迷信。

slouch

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

stoop

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

lean

身體向前將肩膀隆起；弓身，駝背。

elbow

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

nudge

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

抬起（肩膀）；向前彎曲（身體）

They stood outside the door hunching themselves against the rain and puffing on their cigarettes.

他們在門外一邊站著，弓著背躲雨，一邊抽著煙。

He hunched up his shoulders and stared down at the ground.

他抬起肩膀，往地下盯著。

Danc[ing] Mast[er]. […] not too fast […] keep you[r] leg[s] straight, […] don’t hunch up your shoulders so;

1672, Edward Ravenscroft, The Citizen Turn’d Gentleman, London: Thomas Dring, Act I, Scene 1, p. 4,

If you hunch your shoulders too long against a storm your shoulders will grow bowed....

1924, Ford Madox Ford, Some Do Not ..., New York: Grosset & Dunlap, Part 2, Chapter 2,

He would hunch his twisted body close and put out his gentle and crooked hand and touch the fawn.

1938, Marjorie Kinnan Rawlings, New York: Scribner, Chapter 17,

They sat looking out at the dark, at the square of light the kitchen lantern threw on the ground outside the door, with a hunched shadow of Grampa in the middle of it.

1939, John Steinbeck, The Grapes of Wrath, New York: Viking, 1958, Chapter 10, p. 142,

隆起，使突出；彎曲（背等）。

[…] thou art all one errour; soul and body.

1679, John Dryden and Nathaniel Lee, Oedipus, London: R. Bentley and M. Magnes, Act I, p. 6,

用手肘推或擠；對著某人推或擠。

After this, we saw a great Troop of Women upon the High-way to Hell, with their Bags; and their fellows, at their Heels, ever, and anon, hunching, and Justling one Another.

1667, Roger L’Estrange (translator), The Visions of Dom Francisco de Quevedo Villegas, London: H. Herringman, “The Sixth Vision of Hell,” pp. 182-183,

Hickman, a great over-grown, lank-hair’d, chubby boy, who would be hunch’d and punch’d by every-body; and go home, with his finger in his eye, and tell his mother.

1748, Samuel Richardson, Clarissa, London: for the author, Volume 2, Letter 1, p. 8,

He let his eyes scan the faces of all the white teachers, male and female, but would end up with a stare at the colored man sitting there. Finally, he hunched his seat-mate with his elbow and asked what man that was.

1899, Sutton E. Griggs, Imperium in Imperio, Chapter 6,

She hunched me and winked.

1974, Maya Angelou, Gather Together in My Name, New York: Bantam, 1975, Chapter 12, p. 40,

[…] Crunch burst through, pretending to be in Croke Park or somewhere, hunching me away with his shoulder and holding the ghost of other players at bay as he picked up the football.

1986, Billy Roche, Tumbling Down, Dublin: Wolfhound Press, 1994, Chapter 6, pp. 102-103,


feed

繼承自中古英語 feden，繼承自古英語 fēdan (“喂食”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *fōdijan，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *fōdijaną (“喂养”)，源自原始印歐語 *peh₂- (“守卫，放牧，喂食”)。同源詞包括西弗里斯蘭語 fiede (“滋养、喂养”)、荷蘭語 voeden (“喂养”)、丹麥語 føde (“生產；喂养”)、瑞典語 föda (“生產；喂养”)、冰島語 fæða (“喂养”)、拉丁語 pāscō (“喂养、滋养”)。參見 food、fodder。

Feed the dog every evening.

If thine enemy hunger, feed him.

你的仇敵若餓了，就給他吃。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Romans 12:20:

把東西交給機器處理；給料

Feed the paper gently into the document shredder.

将纸张轻轻送入文档碎纸机。

We got interesting results after feeding the computer with the new data.

在向计算机输入新数据后，我们得到了有趣的结果。

Morrison then played a pivotal role in West Brom's equaliser, powering through the middle and feeding Tchoyi, whose low, teasing right-wing cross was poked in by Thomas at the far post

2010年December28日, Kevin Darlin, “West Brom 1-3 Blackburn”, 出自 BBC:


hyphen

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


loofah

借自阿拉伯語 لُوفَة (lūfa)。

And she took good care of my feet, massaging them and loofahing the calluses away.

2006, Scott Dikkers, Peter Hilleren, Destined for Destiny，頁號 63:

I may have snuck in showering myself—plus shaving, loofahing, hair blow-drying, reapplying makeup, changing my outfit five times, and winding up in what I started out with.

2012, Jill Smolinski, Objects of My Affection:


loot

搶掠某物品，特別是於戰爭或暴動等群體暴力或自然災害事件中。


lose

源自中古英語 losen，源自古英語 losian，源自原始日耳曼語 *lusōną，*luzōną，源自原始日耳曼語 *lusą。

導致某物不再為某人所有。 從身體中取出（器官）

He lost his spleen in a car wreck.

他在一場車禍中失去了脾臟。

導致某物不再為某人所有。 減肥；減輕重量

I’ve lost five pounds this week.

導致某物不再為某人所有。 經歷死亡

導致某物不再為某人所有。 損失

導致某物不再為某人所有。 被剝奪

We lost the football match.

我們輸掉了這場足球比賽。

無法再跟蹤（某人或某物）

When we get into the building, please lose the hat.

進入大樓後，請將帽子摘掉


leverage

/ˈlɛv(ə)ɹɪd͡ʒ/

使用；利用；為了充分利用（某物）而進行操縱。

They plan to leverage the publicity into a good distribution agreement.

They plan to leverage off the publicity to get a good distribution agreement.

EAP research has developed advanced methods for producing corpus-informed vocabulary resources, but these have yet to be fully leveraged to promote disciplinary literacy within the secondary school context.

2018, Clarence Green, James Lambert, “Advancing disciplinary literacy through English for academic purposes: Discipline-specific wordlists, collocations and word families for eight secondary subjects”, 出自 Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 卷 35, →DOI，頁號 105:


muffle

來自中古英語 muflen (“包裹”)，盎格魯-諾曼語 amoufler的語頭音消失，來自古法語 enmoufler (“纏繞，包裹”)，來自moufle (“連指手套”)，來自中世紀拉丁語 muffula (“暖手筒”)，日耳曼語族的原型 (— C.E.817年首次在Capitulary of Aachen所紀錄)，來自古法蘭克語 *muffël (“套，包裹，信封”)來自*mauwa (“套子，包裹”) (來自原始日耳曼語 *mawwō (“套子”)) + *vël (“外皮，皮革”) (來自原始日耳曼語 *fellą (“外皮，薄膜，羊毛”)。另一個詞源將中世紀拉丁語一詞追溯到古法蘭克語 *molfell (“柔軟皮革製成的衣服”)，來自*mol (“柔軟，軟化”) (與古高地德語 molawēn (“軟化”), 中古高地德語 molwic (“軟”), 英語 mulch同族) + *fell (“皮革，皮膚”)。

muffled up in darkness and superstition

1712, John Arbuthnot, The History of John Bull

The singer's voice was muffled by the thick walls, yet Tyrion knew the verse.

1999, George R.R. Martin, A Clash of Kings, Bantam 2011, p. 397:

矇住頭部來防止看、聽或說話


messenger

源自中古英語 messengere、messingere、messangere，源自古法語 messanger，古法語 messagier（對比現代法語 messager）的變體，等同於message + -er。messager的同源對似詞。
代替本土的古英語 boda (“信使，使者”) 和 ǣrendraca (“信使，特使”)。
至於 -ager 被 -enger、-inger、-anger代替的現象，對比passenger、harbinger、scavenger、porringer。這樣做可能只添加了一個 n，或可能是與其他後綴，如中古英語 -ing的混淆。對比古法語 -ange、-enc、-inge、-inghe (對應英語的 -ing) 與 古法語 -age (對應英語的 -age) 的關係。

I'll messenger over the signed documents.

我會把這封簽名文件郵寄出去。


overspeed

overspeeds
overspeeding
oversped
overspeeded


octuple

將…乘以八，將…增加八倍


parsley

本詞語需要釋義。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


google

Tom googles all of his prospective girlfriends.

"Have fun and keep googling!"

1998年July8日, Larry Page, “Google Search Engine: New Features”, 出自 eGroups, Google Friends Mailing List，於1999-10-09歸檔自原頁面:

Googling in search of an apology from the former Enron C.E.O. […]

2002年December28日, Bill Keller, “Who's Sorry Now?”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN, retrieved 2007-06-24，頁號 A-19:

使用搜索引擎進行網上搜索

I googled him but there were no references to him on the Internet.

我在網上搜了他，但是沒有結果。


outhouse

繼承自中古英語 outhous，等價於 out- + house。對照古諾爾斯語 úthús。

In our discussion of outhousing we have tried to take into account the inconvenience to users as well as the potential savings in costs.

1969, Great Britain. National Libraries Committee, Frederick Sydney Dainton, Report of the National Libraries Committee (page 85)

The Information Department is outhoused but there are operational reasons for this and it would, in any case, be physically impossible to house the staff of the Department in the main building.

1975, Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons, Sessional Papers, 卷 28，頁號 38:


rehouse

The existing collection of paintings will be rehoused in the new gallery.

現存的藏畫將會保存到新的畫廊。


overdose

/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈdəʊs/


bareback

In this video, the big guy gets to bareback the little guy.

在这部影片里，大个子不戴套插进小个子的屁眼里。


platonize

Either Plato philonized, or Philo platonized

1791, William Enfield, Johann Jakob Brucker, The History of Philosophy:


accomplish

完成、达到目的、实行、实现、执行、达到目的、贯彻


acquire

來自中古英語 acqueren，來自古法語 aquerre，來自拉丁語 acquirō；ad- + quaerō (“在……中搜索”)。參見quest。

all the riches he acquired were from hard work.

他獲得的所有財富都來自辛勤勞動。

One should acquire as much knowledge as possible from reading.

人應該通過閱讀盡可能多地獲取知識。

to acquire a skill

to acquire decent habits and manners

Ivor had acquired more than a mile of fishing rights with the house ; he was not at all a good fisherman, but one must do something ; one generally, however, banged a ball with a squash-racket against a wall.

1922, Michael Arlen, “3/19/2”, 出自 “Piracy”: A Romantic Chronicle of These Days:


accentuate

* 首次記錄於1731年。
* (強調)： 首次記錄於1865年。
* 派生自中世紀拉丁語 accentuātus，accentuāre 的過去分詞，派生自 拉丁語 accentus。

強調；使…更突出，使…更明顯

our danger and insolation only accentuated the incompatibility

1898, H. G. Wells, The War of the Worlds/Book 2/Chapter 3

These were business hours, and a feeling of loneliness crept over him, perhaps germinated by his sight of the illustrated papers, and accentuated by an attempted perusal of them.

1913, Robert Barr, 章號 5, 出自 Lord Stranleigh Abroad:


skunk

來自一個未被證實的新英格蘭南部阿爾岡昆語單詞，與阿貝納基語 segôgw, segonku (“噴霧（麝香）/ 尿尿的人”)同源，來自原始阿爾岡昆語 *šeka·kwa，來自*šek- (“尿尿”)。

大勝而使對方無法得分；零封

I skunked him at cards.

We fished all day but the lake skunked us.

我們釣了一整天的魚，但一無所獲。


task

本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。


pwn

網民打 own 時將 o 打成旁邊的 p，而後來被流行起來。

2nd guard: "Yeah, shiiit! I PWNED YO @zz!"

1999年August5日, Quaestor, “Re: [SP] So..the first victim of the Evil/Hero System”, 出自 rec.games.computer.ultima.online (Usenet), retrieved 2016-09-23, message-ID <37AA8154.D77E6EB8@Skara.Brae>:

Otherwise I use fury as my normal attack. Fury completely pwns!

2001, Edward Glamkowski, alt.games.diablo2 (Usenet):

When you get to the Temple of Marr, look very closely at the vases at zone-in and see if you can find the picture where Mith Marr "pwns" someone.

2003, James Grahame, alt.games.everquest (Usenet):

My Trident pwns the Cirrus Logics!

2004, Bronney Hui, alt.comp.periphs.videocards.nvidia (Usenet):

NOOBZ STILL R NOT PWNED. CONTINUE PWNERSHIP UNTIL ALL NOOBZ R PWNED.

2005, AlphaDream, Mario & Luigi: Partners in Time, Nintendo:


short circuit

short circuits
short circuiting
short circuited

繞過一個或多個中間步驟，使進行的過程在自然結束前終止

[H]is temporarily successful attempt to smear Redfield is an effort to short-circuit the narrative into premature and mistaken resolution.

1998, Catherine Nickerson, The Web of Iniquity:

You do not need to follow your entire sales cycle if the customer wants to short-circuit it for you.

2002, Jim Kasper, Short Cycle Selling: Beating Your Competitors in the Sales Race:

My mother, determined to short-circuit my outcry, would match my objections by pointing out an inherent reward for doing such work.

2003, Gina Hens-Piazza, Nameless, Blameless, and Without Shame: Two Cannibal Mothers Before a King:

At times, the Knicks’ offense looked short-circuited. Anthony, despite his cold hand, kept shooting. / “They all feel good, to be honest with you,” Anthony said. “It wasn’t long, it wasn’t short, they were bouncing off the rim, they were chippers, the same shot I hit all the time so I can’t stop taking my shots.”

2016年November28日, Mike Vorkunov, “Despite Flash of Rose’s Prime, Knicks Are Dazed by Westbrook and Thunder”, 出自 The New York Times:

For example, to short-circuit the "LoggedIn()" or "LogIn()" "if" conditional, replace the "Or" with "OrElse" and the statement is interpreted to mean "if not logged in, then log in".

2002, Paul Kimmel, Visual Basic.Net Unleashed:

If you would like to short-circuit, you must replace "And" with the "AndAlso" keyword and "Or" with the "OrElse" keyword, as follows....

2002, Jose Mojico, C# and VB.NET Conversion Pocket Reference:

The "Demand" is done to ensure that you have indeed been granted this permission before using the "Assert" to short-circuit the stackwalk.

2006: Jay Hillard & Stephen Teilhet, C# Cookbook


blow down

blows down
blowing down
blew down
blown down

I'll huff and I'll puff and I'll blow your house down.

Part of the shed was recently blown down in a gale and has been removed, leaving rather inadequate accommodation.

1951 June, “Notes and News: Eskdale Railway Rolling Stock”, 出自 Railway Magazine，頁號 424:

A tree had been blown down on the track east of Chippenham. Bath Spa station became a scene of milling confusion. One minute we were told that trains were running. Then they weren't. Then they were again. Not a sound basis on which to try rejigging a business trip.

2020年June3日, Andrew Mourant, “A safer railway in a greener habitat”, 出自 RAIL，頁號 58:

同類詞： rinse down、wash down

Blow down this enclosure and do some chip handling before you run this machine any further.


depth charge

depth charges
depth charging
depth charged

用深水炸彈攻擊目標（通常是潛水艇）

After the freighter was torpedoed, its escorting destroyers depth charged the submarine for two hours, but failed to sink it.

貨輪被魚雷擊中後，護航該船的驅逐艦對潛艇實施了兩個小時的深水炸彈攻擊，但沒能將其擊沉。


upper deck

在（馬桶）水箱上進行上層惡作劇

HOW DO I KNOW YOU'RE REALLY YOU AND NOT ANOTHER VOICE?
YOU UPPER-DECKED THE TOILET BACK IN THE AVENGERS MANSION.
I FEEL BAD ABOUT THAT, BUT I WAS MAD AT LOGAN.

2014, Gerry Duggan, Brian Posehn, Deadpool Vol. 4: Deadpool vs S.H.I.E.L.D.

I was angry at Cletus, then remembered the time in college when Sal and I picked the lock of Cletoid's bathroom door and took turns upper-decking his toilet. I smiled.

2017, Jonathan LaPoma, Understanding the Alacrán


tug

繼承自中古英語 tuggen、toggen，繼承自古英語 togian (“拖，拉”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *togōn，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *tugōną (“拖，拉扯，撕裂”)，源自原始印歐語 *dewk- (“拉”)。
同源詞包括中古低地德語 togen (“拉”)、中古高地德語 zogen (“拉，撕”)、冰島語 toga (“拉”)。與 tow 有關。

The police officers tugged the drunkard out of the pub.

He lost his patience trying to undo his shoe-lace, but tugging it made the knot even tighter.

他失去了耐心，试图解开鞋带，但拉扯却使鞋带结得更紧。


photoshop

源自Adobe Photoshop，一款知名圖像修改軟件。


hand over

讓與控制權或東西事物的所有權；交出/移交

I handed over the controls to the copilot.

我將控制權移交給副駕駛員。

Liverpool still have a game in hand but City have made up most of that lost ground and this was a resounding message that they will not be handing over the title.

2019年February10日, Phil McNulty, “Manchester City 6-0 Chelsea”, 出自 BBC Sport:


Microsoft

microcomputer + software組成的混成詞。參見 -soft。

在商業實踐和策略方面變得更像微軟

You could call it the Microsofting of the wine industry. Of course, wine is unlikely to be dominated by one producer or one distributor.

2003, Wine Enthusiast, 卷 16, 期s 2-8，頁號 122:


meme

由英國的生物學家理查德·道金斯在1976造出，用於其著作《自私的基因》。mimeme的縮略（對比英語 phoneme），源自古希臘語 μῖμος (mîmos, “複製，模仿”)。。其網路含義由迈克·戈德温應用。

將……轉變成網路迷因；（在現實生活中）使用網路迷因

to meme into existence

Scott Greer, a deputy editor of the Daily Caller, tweeted, “Cernovich memed #SickHillary into reality. Never doubt the power of memes.”

2016年October31日, Andrew Marantz, “Trolls for Trump”, 出自 The New Yorker, retrieved 2017-12-02:

David Moyes succeeding Slaven Bilić as West Ham United manager is being memed into existence by the internet, Football Burp understands.

2017年November6日, “David Moyes to West Ham “memed into existence by the internet””, 出自 Football Burp, retrieved 2017-12-02:


waltz

源自德語 Walzer ← walzen (“跳舞”) ← 古高地德語 walzan (“轉”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *walt- (“轉”) ← 原始印歐語 *wel- (“轉”)。

They waltzed for twenty-one hours and seventeen minutes straight, setting a record.

他們連續跳華爾茲24小時17分，創造了紀錄。

While waltzing her around the room, he stepped on her toes only once.

他和她跳華爾茲的時候，只踩過她一次腳。

窜进，把...带进 （尤指没有批准或没有邀请等）

He waltzed into the room like he owned the place.

他馬上竄進房間，好像那是他自己的地方一樣。

You can't just waltz him in here without documentation!

你不能就这样不走手续把他带到这里来。

Oxlade-Chamberlain, 18, became the youngest English Champions League scorer when he waltzed across the area to plant a low shot into the corner.

2011年September28日, Tom Rostance, “Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, 出自 BBC Sport:

The women in Ms. Telfer’s book waltz right by societal rules that would leave the rest of us at a standstill. We are left tsk-tsking, while also in awe.

2021年February25日, Mara Altman, “Glitzy, Tragic and Selfish: Female Con Artists Waltz by Society’s Rules”, 出自 The New York Times, →ISSN:

And he said, what he had planned in his head from the start, if we got Jim out all safe, was for us to […] take him back up home on a steamboat, in style, and pay him for his lost time, and write word ahead and get out all the niggers around, and have them waltz him into town with a torchlight procession and a brass-band, and then he would be a hero, and so would we.

1884, Mark Twain, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Chapter the Last:


ail

繼承自中古英語 eilen，繼承自古英語 eġlan，eġlian (“困擾，折磨”)，和哥特語 𐌰𐌲𐌻𐌾𐌰𐌽 (agljan, “使苦惱”)同源。

使苦惱，使痛苦，使不適（現在主要用於疑問句或不定句。）

Have some chicken soup. It's good for what ails you.

喝點雞湯。這對你的病痛有好處。

夏甲，你為何這樣呢？

Not content with having in 1996 put a Defence of Marriage Act (DOMA) on the statue book, Congress has now begun to hold hearings on a Respect for Marriage Act. Defended, respected: what could possibly ail marriage in America?

2011, "Connubial bliss in America", The Economist:


wiki

首次出現於1995年的PC Week。為WikiWikiWeb的縮寫，來自夏威夷語 wikiwiki (“快速的”) + 英語 web。

I tore through his collection wikiing any plot points that I missed learning the importance of the players of the DC universe

2008年December1日, GeekDad, “Son of a Geek: Comics and Growing Up the DC Way”, 出自 Wired News:

Her English is no better than my Portuguese, but I wikied 'influenza' in Portuguese and it came up with 'gripe'

2009年June18日, Lizz Holmans, “Janus”, 出自 uk.rec.sheds (Usenet):

I did research on the internet and found out so. I “wikied” it.

The history of wikied novels isn't pretty (Penguin Books never published the gobbledygook that was "A Million Penguins"), and no one has dared wiki a jazz song.

2009年October19日, “Cooking Consensus: Will Wiki Work in the Kitchen?”, 出自 Time，於2011-06-04歸檔自原頁面:


infame

源自拉丁語 īnfāmāre，源自 īnfāmis (“聲名狼藉的”)；比較法語 infamer、意大利語 infamare。參見infamous。

破壞……的名譽，使……臭名昭著

sapience, hitherto obscured, infamed

1667, John Milton, “(please specify the book number)”, 出自 Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books, London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […], London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

Livia is infamed for the poisoning of her husband.

莉維亞因毒害丈夫而臭名昭著。

1625, Francis [Bacon], “Of Empire”, 出自 The Essayes […], 3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:


MRI

When the delirium stopped and it was safe to take Versed, her doctors doped her up and she managed to endure the MRI, on condition that I remain with her all the time. They MRIed her skull for thirty minutes, and two days later MRIed her spine for an hour.

2005, Donald Hall, The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon, Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN，頁號s 99–100:

Remarkably, no one to that point had suggested MRIing my leg, which is where my pain actually was. Everyone surmised that the issue was really in my back. Dr. Smith scheduled an MRI for that very day.

2014, Mark Herzlich, What It Takes: Fighting For My Life and My Love of the Game, New York, NY: New American Library, →ISBN，頁號 74:


accelerate

首次見於1520年代。可能源自拉丁語 accelerātus，accelerō (“我趕緊，我加速”) 的完成被動分詞，源自 ad + celerō (“我趕緊”)，源自 celer (“快”)（參見 celerity）；或是 acceleration 的逆構詞。


add up

Add up the prices and find out how much it will cost.

把價格加起來，看看總價。

If small amounts of something add up, they gradually increase.

如果將少量的東西加起來，他們便會逐漸地增大。


abominate

首次記錄於1644年。可能自abomination 的逆構詞。或者，派生自晚期拉丁語 abōminātus，abōminarī (“貶低為不祥之兆”) 的過去分詞，源自ab + ominari (“預示、預兆”)，源自omen。

/əˈbɒm.əˌnəɪt/

/əˈbɒm.ɪˌnəɪt/

abhor

極度憎恨、厭惡、鄙棄 （首次記錄於17世紀中期）

極度憎恨、厭惡、鄙棄 （首次記錄於17世紀中期）

"Much as I abominate writing, I would not give up Mr. Collins's correspondence for any consideration."

“我平常虽然最讨厌写信，可是我无论如何也不愿和柯林斯断绝书信往来。”

強烈不喜歡 （首次記錄於19世紀晚期）


syndicate

來自法語 syndicat (“辛迪加辦公室；辛迪加委員會；工會”)，來自syndic (“辛迪加；代表；日內瓦首席行政官”) + -at (“表示行動或行動結果的後綴”)，來自中世紀拉丁語 *syndicatus，來自syndicus (“公司或城鎮的代表；辛迪加”) (來自古希臘語 σύνδικος (súndikos, “被告辯護人”)，來自σύν (sún, “旁邊；和”) + δίκη (díkē, “審判；正義”)) + -ātus (“從名詞組成形容詞的後綴，表示擁有某種東西或某種品質”)。
對照意大利語 sindacato (“辛迪加；工會；審計，控制，監督”)、奧克語 sendegat、葡萄牙語 sindicato (“工會”)、西班牙語 sindicado、sindicato (“辛迪加辦公室；辛迪加；工會”)。

音頻 (名詞) (澳洲)

When a potential transaction has been identified by a bank, the first activity is obtaining from the potential borrower a "mandate," which is the customer's exclusive authorization to a bank to act as the syndication manager for that particular transaction and to approach other financial institutions on its behalf to raise a given amount of funds. […] A mandate letter is very similar to a standard bank commitment letter, with the exception that bank managers do not guarantee to provide the credit facility, but rather only to syndicate it on a "best efforts" basis, perhaps with a certain firm commitment assumed by them representing a portion of the required syndicated financing.

1999, Esteban C. Buljevich, Yoon S. Park, “Syndicated Eurocredit Loans”, 出自 Project Financing and the International Financial Markets, Boston, Mass., Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, →ISBN，頁號 20:

透過報系在報刊上同時發表

[I]nternational television format exchanges are providing a customizable alternative to syndicating existing TV series in foreign markets. Sixteen countries around the world have adapted So You Think You Can Dance, a reality dance competition that originated in the United States. Format changes range from using local judges and contestants to incorporating local dance styles into the competition.

2015, Avi Santo, “Building the Franchise One Market at a Time: The Lone Ranger’s Extra-Textual Career in the Late 1930s”, 出自 Selling the Silver Bullet: The Lone Ranger and Transmedia Brand Licensing, Austin, Tx.: University of Texas Press, →DOI, →ISBN，頁號 56:

With the success of The Oprah Winfrey Show and the national attention that Oprah [Winfrey] received from The Color Purple, [Jeffrey] Jacobs advised her that it was time to syndicate her show. Jacobs worked out a deal with the syndication company King World to distribute the show nationally. Two brothers, Roger and Michael King, ran King World. They syndicated the game shows Wheel of Fortune and Jeopardy! and were looking for a new show to add to their list.

2011, Anne Lies, “Chicago!”, 出自 Oprah Winfrey: Media Mogul, Edina, Minn.: ABDO Publishing Company, →ISBN，頁號s 49–50:


podcast

iPod + broadcast組成的混成詞，由作家Ben Hammersley在2004年所造（podcasting）。


shepherd

來自中古英語 schepherde，來自古英語 sċēaphierde，sċēap (“綿羊”)和hierde (“牧人”)的組詞，等同於現代sheep + herd (“牧人”)。

在隊友拿球或正要拿球時，或在球即將彈出球門或出界時，阻撓對手拿球。


apparel

apparels
appareling
apparelling
appareled
apparelled

They which are gorgeously appareled, and live delicately, are in kings' courts.

presently entered a baron and an earl appareled after the Turkish fashion in long robes of bawdkin powdered with gold

1881, Mark Twain, The Prince and the Pauper

配備、裝備、供給有……的

ships appareled to fight

trees appareled with flowers

a garden appareled with greenery


toad

來自中古英語 tode、toode、tadde、tade，來自古英語 *tāde，古英語 tādie的短形式異體，tādiġe (“蟾蜍”)。對照古英語 tāxe (“蟾蜍”)。
與低地蘇格蘭語 tade、taid、taed、ted (“蟾蜍”)同源。對照丹麥語 tudse (“蟾蜍”)，可能起源自同一古老詞根；也對照瑞典語 tåssa、tossa (“蟾蜍”)、古英語 tāxe (“蟾蜍”)、古英語 tosca (“蟾蜍”)。

將玩家從MUD等遊戲系統中永久驅逐


toenail

以一定角度將釘子或螺釘釘入兩塊木板上，使兩塊木材固定在一起


Facebook

Facebook me the details later.

待會在臉書上把詳情發給我。


call out

summon

召集，召喚，命令投入服務

They call out 304 stainless steel in the drawing, but the part was made from aluminum.

他们在图纸中标注了 304 不锈钢，但该零件是由铝制成的。

召集，召喚，命令投入服務

The Governor called out the National Guard.

Ninety-nine Decision Street
Ninety-nine ministers meet
To worry, worry, super scurry
Call the troops out in a hurry

1984, Nena, 99 Red Balloons (lyrics written by Kevin McAlea)

You just call out my name / And you know wherever I am / I'll come running to see you again.

1971, Carole King, “You’ve Got A Friend”, Tapestry, Ode Records

He was very insulting. Finally Jack called him out and shut him up.

他非常侮辱人。最后杰克怼了他，让他闭嘴。

She called them out on their lies.

He added: "We've always had spin, especially from Government. But this is not spin. This is dishonesty and so it's our rail media's urgent responsibility to call it out because non-specialist journalists across the country will report this and gradually these untruths will be accepted.

2022年January26日, Paul Stephen, “Network News: Government's IRP claims condemned as "dishonest"”, 出自 RAIL, 期 949，頁號 7:


slay

源自中古英語 sleen, slayn ← 古英語 slēan (“敲，擊，重打，殺，鍛造，衝撞，重踩，刺”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *slahaną (“打鬥，敲，殺”) ← 原始印歐語 *slak- (“擊，打，扔”)。與荷蘭語 slaan (“敲，擊，打”)、低地德語 slaan (“敲，擊，打”)、德語 schlagen (“敲，擊，打”)、丹麥語、挪威語, 瑞典語 slå (“敲，擊，打”)、冰島語 slá (“擊打”)同源。與slaughter、onslaught有關。

slays
slaying
slew
slayed
slain
slayed
yslain


manoeuvre

源自中古法語 manœuvre (“操作”)，manouvrer (“操作，調動”) ← 古法語 manovre (“體力勞動”) ← 中世紀拉丁語 manopera, manuopera (“手上工作”)，manu (“用手”) + operari (“工作”)，可能源自古法蘭克語 *handwerc (“手上工作”)。對比古英語 handweorc, 古英語 handġeweorc, 德語 Handwerk。

maneuver的英國, 加拿大, 愛爾蘭, 南非, 澳大利亞, and 新西蘭拼寫法


YouTube

源自you + tube (“電視”, 北美口語)，指使用者（你，“you”）可在該網站上載自己的電視（“tube”）內容。

將視頻上載到YouTube上

The revolution will not be televised. It will be YouTubed.

这场革命将不会被电视转播。（相反，）它将被上传到 YouTube 上。

2007年February5日, “Why YouTube gets my vote for political punditry”, 出自 Guardian Unlimited:

在YouTube上搜尋及觀看視頻

Inquiry elicited that he was a pop singer. I YouTubed him, revealing another ghastly microphone-gripping, anguished nasal wailer.

搜索结果显示，他是一名流行歌手。我上 YouTube 看了他（的一些视频），里面传出的是另一个令人毛骨悚然、感到恐怖至极的痛苦嚎叫。

2015年April21日, Bob Jones, “Appetite for quirky fulfilled”, 出自 Wanganui Chronicle:

If you don't know me, YouTube me, because soon the whole world is going to know me.
如果你不认识我，那就上 YouTube 搜我，因为马上全世界都会知道我的名字。

2017 Sammy Guevara Impact Wrestling July 20


parkour

They had parkoured seven roofs, clambered down a mango tree, and crossed over the bridge in the back of a donkey cart, unnoticed even by the driver.

2009年October19日, Stephen Davies, Hacking Timbuktu, Andersen Press, →ISBN, →OL, ch. 24:

The daring Ukrainian can be found on his website dangling off of tall buildings with one hand, scaling bridges and parkouring through urban landscapes in search of a personal thrill.

2013年March25日, Aaron Lindberg, “Death Defying Photos Of Mustang Wanted”, 出自 Fstoppers:


singe

源自中古英語 sengen ← 古英語 senġan, sænċġan (“燒焦，烤糊”) ← 原始西日耳曼語 *sangijan (“燒焦，烤糊”) ← 原始印歐語 *senk- (“燒”)。與西弗里斯蘭語 singe, sinzje (“燒焦”), 薩特弗里斯蘭語 soange (“燒焦”), 荷蘭語 zengen (“燒焦，烤糊”), 德國低地德語 sengen (“燒焦”), 德語 sengen (“燒焦，烤糊”), 冰島語 sangur (“燒焦的，烤糊的”)同源。

I singed the toes of an ape through a burning glass.

用熱火鉗/火焰燒焦皮毛以留下疤痕


rin

繼承自中古英語 rinnen，來自古英語 rinnan (“跑”)，來自原始日耳曼語 *rinnaną (“跑”)。run參見更多資訊。

"Besides," he continued, "I'm no sure that I'm right in rinning—rinning! I'm no rinning , I'm ganging; weel then I'm no sure that I'm right doing a witch's errand, whether rinning or ganging, sae I'se stand still and consider it.[…]."

1836, Allan Cunningham, Lord Roldan, 卷 1, John Macrone，頁號 314:

O! gin I were where Gadie^([the name of a rivulet]) rins,

a. 1846, John Imlah, “Where Gadie rins”, 出自 James Grant Wilson 編, The Poets and Poetry of Scotland, Volume II, Harper & Brothers, 出版於 1876，頁號 211:

I had a servant who had lived all his life-time within four miles of Plymouth, who told me of a circumstance which occurred to his mother, thus:— "Mawther ben out gatherin' nits, and when she kimbed hum she went to shet the shetters , and then she seed a man rin out of the dewr weth three spewns weth un, what he had stould, and away he rinned, and my mawther rinned arter un. 'Twas as fine a mewnlight night as cud be seed tew (too); an she cud see un stright on afore her; and hallowed tew she ded as lang as ever her wind beered up, and rinned and rinned; at laest she rinned un out of sight, and never goat the spewns she dedn't"

1879, I. T. Tregellas [John Tabois Tregellas], Peeps Into the Haunts and Homes of the Rural Population of Cornwall, Netherton & Worth (Truro), Houlston & Sons (London), page 3,


rickroll

2007年出現於4chan網站上，由 Rick + roll 組成，前者是歌手瑞克·艾斯里（Rick Astley）的名字，後者是則是引用了2005年該網站上把「egg」（蛋）替換成「duck」（鴨）的惡作劇，致使「eggroll」（蛋捲）變成了「duckroll」（鴨子捲）。

瑞克搖；誤導某人點擊某個超連結，而那個超連結所指向的內容和其所聲稱的內容不同。起源於瑞克·艾斯里的歌曲《Never Gonna Give You Up》的YouTube影片。


nerf

源自玩具品牌 Nerf 。

gimp

對角色、武器、技能等的削弱

對角色、武器、技能等的削弱

The lightning spell was originally pretty powerful, but in the sequel they nerfed it so it became completely useless.

閃電法術原來很厲害的，但是後來被削了，就徹底沒用了。

Tesla nerfs Autopilot in Europe due to new regulations

2019年May17日, Fred Lambert, Electrek, retrieved 2019-05-19:


teek

Tears of pain came to his eyes—and he didn’t know which hurt more, the pain of the soup on his arm or the real shock he had received when he had forced himself to keep from teeking the falling soup halfway across the room.

1957年April15日, Robert Silverberg, “Hidden Talent”, 出自 Worlds of If，頁號 27:


op

deop

推薦……成為聊天室管理員

推薦……成為聊天室管理員

True, better clients will remember that a person had a voice before they were opped and will return the + when they are deopped, but that doesn't solve the problem. Suppose someone joins the room after the user is opped and before the user is deopped.

1999, "Cory McWilliams", IRC Oddities (on newsgroup alt.irc)


out-Byzantine

Although Ambassador Korry had admonished the president that “trying to out-Byzantine” the emperor “would be futile and counterproductive” and that Kennedy therefore should “spell out details of the U.S. program and justification from the start,” Washington tried to outsmart HIM […]

2011, Theodore Vestal, The Lion of Judah in the New World, page 127:


dispose of

They disposed of the stolen property.

The national power committee has trouble disposing of nuclear waste.

國家能源委員會在處理核廢料上出現了問題。

The Commission may not be able to assess the reliability of the data provided by Member States and may not dispose of independent information sources.

委員會可能無法評估成員國所提供的數據，也沒有獨立的數據來源。


stump

源自中古英語 stumpe, stompe (“樹樁”)，源自或與中古低地德語 stump (“樹樁”)有關，源自原始日耳曼語 *stumpaz (“樹樁，末端，砍下的部分”)。與中古荷蘭語 stomp (“樹樁”), 古高地德語 stumph (“樹樁”) (德語 Stumpf), 古諾爾斯語 stumpr (“樹樁”)同源。參見stop。

為競選活動而跨區/州發表演講


take hostage

takes hostage
taking hostage
took hostage
taken hostage


allot

源自中古英語 allotten，源自古法語 aloter（現代法語 allotir）。

Each candidate was allotted five minutes to make a presentation in front of the judges.

每名候選人都有五分鐘時間在評判員面前做報告。


poz

However it’s hard to tell the truth from fantasy in the chats, which don’t include Boone talking of killing anyone, defence lawyer Ian Carter put to Lapointe. “During these hundreds of pages as part of that sexual fantasy of chasing, stealthing, pozzing or whatever you want to call it, he never indicates he wants to kill anyone?” Ian Carter asked her. “That’s correct,” said Lapointe, noting Boone does talk about giving people HIV and people dying of the disease.

2012年October15日, Megan Gillis, “'Poz' lover lied to fulfill fantasy”, 出自 Ottawa Sun:

Boone discussed his criminal exploits and said he became sexually aroused by “stealth pozzing,” or infecting unsuspecting partners.

2016年March9日, Gary Dimmock, “'Poz vampire' gets 9 years for attempted murder”, 出自 Ottawa Sun:

He talked about his ex possibly giving him an STD. The medicines in the cabinet. And the incubation period seemed to fit the timeline. My heart stopped for a second. What if he pozzed me? It was a horrifying thought, and it consumed me

2018, Scott Farrell, Scott Farrell's Biography, or, Triumph, Tears, and Tales of the Stage，頁號 256:

What on earth happened to the gallant tradition of “pozzing”: making positive remarks? What’s wrong with single guys going up to women in clubs to shout above the loud music, “Your delicate beauty has captured my heart” before presenting them with a single rose? But no.

2015年January21日, Peter Bradshaw, “A brief history of pozzing and negging”, 出自 The Guardian:


rog

源自中古英語 roggen, ruggen，rokken的變體，源自古英語 roccian。


advert

源自中古英語 adverten，源自古法語 advertir (“注意”)，源自拉丁語 advertere (“轉向”)。參見adverse。

把注意力轉移到；注意到 （15–19世紀）


treat

源自中古英語 treten，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 treter、古法語 tretier、traiter，源自拉丁語 trāctare (“拉”)，源自trahere (“拖，拉”)的過去分詞詞幹。

講述，談論 （自14世紀）

The article treated feminism as a quintessentially modern movement.

這篇文章認為女性主義是典型的現代運動。

懇求，乞求 （14-17世紀）

Only let my family live, I treat thee.

我乞求他們，至少讓我的家人活下來。

對待，看待 （自14世紀）

You treated me like a fool.

She was tempted to treat the whole affair as a joke.

她很想將整件事情當做笑話看待。

給某人提供（吃喝）；招待，請客 （自16世紀）

I treated my son to some popcorn in the interval.

中場休息時，我給兒子吃了點爆米花。

I've done so well this month, I'll treat you all to dinner (or Dinner is my treat.)

我這個月幹得還行，我請大家吃頓飯吧。

My husband treated me to a Paris holiday for our anniversary.

作為結婚紀念日禮物，老公帶我去巴黎度了個假。

They treated me for malaria.

We treated firefighters suffering from smoke inhalation, giving them oxygen to breathe and albuterol mist to help open their airways.

2018, Sandeep Jauhar, Heart: a History, →ISBN，頁號 204:

He treated the substance with sulphuric acid.

I treated the photo somewhat to make the colours more pronounced.

我稍微處理了一下照片，使其顏色更加明顯。


advertise

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 avertir (“告知”)、advertir、中古法語 advertir、avertir (“警告，通報”)，詞尾為-ise、-ize，可能受名詞advertisement的影響。對比advert。

做……的廣告 （自19世紀）

Socrates being advertiſed, that the God of wiſdome, had attributed the name of wiſe vnto him, was thereat much aſtoniſhed, and diligently ſearching and rouzing vp himſelf, and ranſaking the very ſecrets of his heart, found no foundation or ground for his divine ſentence.

1603, Michel de Montaigne, “An Apologie of Raymond Sebond”, 出自 John Florio（譯者）, The Essayes […], book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC，頁號 288:

[…] I am daily advertiſed by ſeveral friends and correſpondents from Oxford, that I have omitted many particulars, which it is proper to animadvert upon, in order to compleat the Secret Hiſtory of that place; and I have therefore, in compliance with their requeſt, reſolved to reſume this work, and continue to publiſh ſome part of it every Act-Term, till the whole is finiſhed, and the ſubject fully exhauſted: […]

1726, Terræ Filius [pseudonym; Nicholas Amherst], “[The Dedication]”, 出自 Terræ-Filius: Or, the Secret History of the University of Oxford; in Several Essays. To which are Added, Remarks upon a Late Book, Entitled, University Education, by R. Newton, D.D. Principal of Hart-Hall. In Two Volumes, 2nd版, 卷 I, London: Printed for R. Francklin, under Tom's Coffee-House, in Russel-Street, Covent-Garden, →OCLC，頁號 xi:


let down

他們放下了繩子，於是我把籃子繫在了繩子上。

They let down the rope and I fastened it to the basket.

我答應他我會在那裡同他見面，我不會讓他失望。

I promised him I would meet him there, and I will not let him down.


hypercorrect

把詞語或短語糾正過頭成錯誤的形式

I use reduplicate to mean redouble, though both words should mean quadruple, but English is funny that way, so hold off on the hypercorrecting gotcha!

2007年October28日, William Safire, “And Now This”, 出自 New York Times:


adjure

源自中古英語 adjuren，源自拉丁語 adiūrō (“鄭重請求”)，源自ad- (“近，朝，向”) + iūrō (“發誓”)。

Party members are adjured to promote awareness of this problem.

鄭重呼籲黨員提升對這項問題的重視。

`Then tell to me, and this great company, the tale whereof I have heard.' Thus adjured, I, in as few words as I could, related the history of the cannibal feast, and of the attempted torture of our poor servant.

1887, H. Rider Haggard, She: A History of Adventure:

The Rabbis adjured her to endow the young man with his former virility, but she vehemently refused to do so.

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long，頁號 50:


scimitar

最早見於1548年。源自中古法語 cimeterre或直接源自意大利語 scimitarra，可能通過一鄂圖曼土耳其語詞語，源自波斯語 شمشیر (šamšir, “劍”)。


seduce

借自拉丁語 sēdūcō (“迷路，誤入歧途”)，源自sē- (“離開”) + dūcō (“帶領”)；參見duct。對比adduce、conduce、deduce等。

Your father was seduced by the dark side of The Force.

1983, Lawrence Kasdan, George Lucas, Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi:

"Mrs. Robinson, are you trying to seduce me?"
"Do you want me to seduce you?"

1967, Calder Willingham, Buck Henry, The Graduate:

He had repeatedly seduced the girl in his car, hotels and his home.

他多次與那個女孩在他車上、賓館裡、他家裡發生性關係。

He was seduced by the bright lights and glamour of the city.

他被那座城市的明亮燈光和獨特魅力所吸引。


slacken

During this interlude, Warwick, though he had slackened his pace measurably, had so nearly closed the gap between himself and them as to hear the old woman say, with the dulcet negro intonation: […]

1900, Charles W. Chesnutt, The House Behind the Cedars, Chapter I:

Elk slackened the rope so he could walk farther away, and together they went awkwardly up the trail toward the grassy little flat...


snooze

未知。對比荷蘭語 snoezelen。

It enables you to dismiss the reminder, dismiss all reminders, open the highlighted item in the Reminder dialog, and snooze the reminder. Snoozing a reminder is similar to hitting the snooze button on an alarm clock […]

2003, Ken Slovak, Absolute Beginner's Guide to Microsoft Office Outlook 2003 (page 110)

Let's say you want to see all your reminders, but you don't want it to be too easy to snooze the ones for important items.

2007, Sue Mosher, Microsoft Outlook 2007 Programming (page 359)

To snooze the phone, press and release the power button.

2011, Dan Gookin, Bill Loguidice, Motorola ATRIX For Dummies (page 40)


sliver

源自中古英語 slivere, sliver，源自中古英語 sliven (“切，使裂開”)，源自古英語 slīfan（參見tōslīfan (“使裂開，使分開”)）。

to sliver wood

slips of yew,
Sliver'd in the moon's eclipse

c. 1606 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Macbeth”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene i]:


emojify

Writing in particular has been re-mediated in contemporary culture in ways that largely entangle words in images, with images gaining ascendancy. Apple's 2016 announcement of a new texting feature that allows writers to emojify their texts is only the latest development in this larger shift.

2018, Teresa Berger, “Virtual “stuff”: Materiality – visuality – soundscapes”, 出自 @ Worship: Liturgical Practices in Digital Worlds (Liturgy, Worship and Society), London: Routledge, →ISBN，頁號 55:


drop off

寄，送，帶；允許乘客離開

Can you drop the kids off at school?

你能把孩子們送到學校嗎？

I'll drop off your books when I see you tonight.

今晚我見你的時候會把你的書帶過來。

After dropping off travellers at Foregate Street, my train terminates at Shrub Hill - a station which boasts one of the best selection [sic] of semaphore signals left in the country.

2020年December2日, Paul Bigland, “My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, 出自 Rail，頁號 67:


put to bed

同類詞： go to bed

Mame Diouf missed a chance to put the game to bed when he fired straight at Carson.

2010年December28日, Kevin Darling, “West Brom 1 - 3 Blackburn”, 出自 BBC:

I hope we can put those doubts to bed.

我希望我們能消除這些疑惑。


wake up

wakes up
waking up
woke up
waked up
woken up
waked up

Wake your brother up; it's time for school.

叫醒你哥哥/弟弟；現在該上學了。

It had been his intention to go to Wimbledon, but as he himself said: “Why be blooming well frizzled when you can hear all the results over the wireless.[…]You stand by, Janet, and wake me up if they do any of that running commentary stuff.”

1935, George Goodchild, 章號 3, 出自 Death on the Centre Court:


awaken

來自中古英語 awakenen或awaknen，來自古英語 awæcnan或awæcnian，來自a- 加上wæcnan或wæcnian。

She awakened him by ringing the bell.


sortie

借自法語 sortie (“出口，結束”)。


pass over

繞過 (某物)；略過（某物）。

過境；穿過或橫越（某物）。

It was a casual sneer, obviously one of a long line. There was hatred behind it, but of a quiet, chronic type, nothing new or unduly virulent, and he was taken aback by the flicker of amazed incredulity that passed over the younger man's ravaged face.

1963, Margery Allingham, 章號 8, 出自 The China Governess:


smack

源自中古英語 smac、smak、smacke，源自古英語 smæc、smæċċ (“味道”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *smakkuz (“味道”)，源自原始印歐語 *smegʰ-、*smeg- (“品嘗”)。與方言smatch、低地蘇格蘭語 smak (“味道，香味，氣味”)、薩特弗里斯蘭語 Smoak (“味道”)、西弗里斯蘭語 smaak (“味道”)、荷蘭語 smaak (“味道”)、德語 Schmack、Geschmack (“味道”)、瑞典語、挪威語 smak (“味道”)、挪威語 smekke同源。類似古英語 smæċċan (“品嘗”)。參見smake、smatch。

He soon smacked the taste of physic hidden in this sweetness.

1827, Thomas Carlyle (translator), Johann August Musæus, "Melechsala" (1782-86); in German Romance I. 175


strangle

源自中古英語 stranglen，源自古法語 estrangler，源自拉丁語 strangulō, strangulāre，源自古希臘語 στραγγαλόομαι (strangalóomai, “勒死”)，源自στραγγάλη (strangálē, “韁繩”)；對比στραγγός (strangós, “彎曲的”)。代替中古英語 wirien、awurien (“勒死”)（> 英語 worry）。

He strangled his wife and dissolved the body in acid.

他把妻子掐死，再用酸來溶解她的身體。

She strangled a scream.


suds

源自sud的複數，sod (“泡沫”)的變體，等同於sud + -s。與seethe有關。

We sudsed the car before washing it down until it gleamed like new.

我們用肥皂塗滿全車，沖洗之後就像新的一樣閃閃發亮。


hide away

hides away
hiding away
hid away
hidden away

將一些東西儲藏或貯存至秘密地點。

‘It's rather like a beautiful Inverness cloak one has inherited. Much too good to hide away, so one wears it instead of an overcoat and pretends it's an amusing new fashion.’

1963, Margery Allingham, 章號 5, 出自 The China Governess:


tinder

源自中古英語 tinder、tunder、tender、tonder，源自古英語 tynder，源自原始日耳曼語 *tundrą、*tundrǭ (“火絨”)。對比薩特弗里斯蘭語 Tunder (“火絨”)、荷蘭語 tonder (“火絨”)、德語 zünden (“點燃”)、瑞典語 tända (“照亮，點燃”)。參見tind。


squabble

起於17世紀初，可能源自北日耳曼語支，與瑞典語方言詞 skvabbel (“爭吵，流言”)、skvappa (“批評，訓斥”)、挪威語方言詞 skvabba (“閒扯”)、德語方言詞 schwabbeln (“嘮叨”)有關。


take out

通過法律或其他官方手段獲取

take out a loan;  take out medical insurance;  take out a membership;  take out a patent

獲得貸款；獲得醫療保險；取得成員資格；取得專利

Southwark council, which took out the injunction against Matt, believes YouTube has become the "new playground" for gang members.

2012年April19日, Josh Halliday, “Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, 出自 The Guardian:


taw

源自中古英語 tawen，源自古英語 tawian (“做，製作”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *tawjaną (“製作，準備”)，源自原始印歐語 *dewh₂- (“繫”)。
與荷蘭語 touwen (“繫，拴”)、荷蘭語 tuien (“用繩子繫”)、德語 Tau (“繩，索，攬”)、哥特語 𐍄𐌰𐌿𐌾𐌰𐌽 (taujan, “製作，準備”)同源。與tool、tether有關。

用明礬、鹽和其他配料等浸泡獸皮，以漂白和軟化 把獸皮製成皮革，通常要浸泡在特定的溶液中


set free

"Well, you can tell Nan that she won't marry Peter Mallory with my consent. I'll never set her free to be another man's wife."

1921, Margaret Pedler, The Moon Out Of Reach, ch. 36:


turn upside down

turns upside down
turning upside down
turned upside down

Turn the box upside down and look at the bottom.

把盒子翻轉過來，看看它的底部。

They turned the house upside down looking for the car keys.

他們翻遍了整間屋子來找車鑰匙。


turn over

They turned over the evidence to the authorities.

But what is to be done with our manufacturing population […] This one thing, of doing for them by ‘underselling all people,’ and filling our own bursten pockets and appetites by the road; and turning over all care for any ‘population,’ or human or divine consideration except cash only, to the winds, with a “Laissez-faire” and the rest of it: this is evidently not the thing.

1843, Thomas Carlyle, Past and Present, book 3, ch. IX, Working Aristocracy

They can turn over about three hundred units per hour.

他們每小時能完成三百個單元。

The business turned over £1m last year.

去年這項生意產生了100萬英鎊的利潤。

Thus they dwelled for nearly a year, and in that time Robin Hood often turned over in his mind many means of making an even score with the Sheriff

1883, Howard Pyle, The Merry Adventures of Robin Hood Chapter V

通過手柄旋轉內燃機引擎的曲軸，以使其運轉

The Giants didn't turn the ball over in their last four games.

在最後四場比賽中，巨人隊都沒有放棄控球。

I've turned over the whole place, but I still can't find my glasses.

我翻遍了整塊地方，都沒能找到我的眼鏡。

Thieves turned over the apartment while the owners were away on holiday.

趁著房主度假，竊賊們翻亂了整個公寓。


sharpen

源自中古英語 scharpenen、scharpnen，等同於sharp + -en。

削尖，磨鋒利； 加強，加重

to sharpen a pencil or a knife or a musical note

The use of algorithms in policing is one example of their increasing influence on our lives.[…]who, if anyone, is policing their use. Such concerns were sharpened further by the continuing revelations about how the US National Security Agency (NSA) has been using algorithms to help it interpret the colossal amounts of data it has collected from its covert dragnet of international telecommunications.

2013年July26日, Leo Hickman, “How algorithms rule the world”, 出自 The Guardian Weekly, 卷 189, 期 7，頁號 26:


stir-fry

炒，用鐵鍋或平底鍋的料理方式。


terve

源自中古英語 terven、tervien，源自古英語 *tyrfian (“扔下，落下”)（用於ġetyrfan、ġetyrfian (“攻擊，投擲”)、ġetorfian (“扔石頭”)），源自原始日耳曼語 *tirbijaną、*tarbijaną (“旋轉，扔”)，源自原始印歐語 *derbʰ- (“纏繞，旋轉”)。與古高地德語 zerben (“旋轉”)同源。中古英語中見於overterven、toppe overterve > topsytervy > topsyturvy。對比tervy、tirfe。


tranche

借自法語 tranche，源自trancher (“切”)，源自古法語 trenchier (“切”)，可能源自通俗拉丁語 *trinicāre (“切成三份”)。與英語 trench同源。


traduce

源自拉丁語 trādūcō (“玷辱”)，源自trāns + dūcō (“領導，帶領”)。

“I am earnestly desirous then, my dear Sir, that you should let the world into the traits of your genuine character, as civil broils may otherwise tend to disguise or traduce it.

1793, Benjamin Franklin, The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, §33:

However therefore this complexion was first acquired, it is evidently maintained by generation, and by the tincture of the skin as a spermatical part traduced from father unto son ….

1646, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica, X:

From Davenant down to Dumas, from the Englishman who improved Macbaeth to the Frenchman who traduced into the French of Paris four acts of Hamlet, and added a new fifth act of his own, Shakespeare has been disturbed in a way he little thought of when he menacingly provided for the repose of his bones.

1865, "The Last of the Tercentenary", Temple Bar, vol. XIII, Mar 1865:


misimplement

不正確或拙劣的執行；誤用。


sked

schedule第一個音節的重拼。

Actually NBC and other webs have used similar devices in the past, particularly during the war, when net used plattered segments for its news and documentary stanzas. As far as can be determined, however, this is the first post-war instance in which the net has allowed even a partial plattering of a regularly skedded commercial stanza.

1957年December30日, “NBC Breaks Wax Rule for Hope's Britain Shows”, 出自 Billboard, 卷 59, 期 45，頁號 5:


incent

在《美國當代英語語料庫》（COCA）中，不及 incentivize 常用。
對於個人行動上，比 incentivize 稍用得多。

刺激，激勵，鼓勵（人或組織）。

We need to incent people to innovate more.

我們需要鼓勵人們更多地創新。

We try to incent people to do it earlier, which levels the load.

2007年February24日, Damon Darlin, “At Intuit, What Comes After Taxes?”, 出自 New York Times:

incent investors to manage assets with a long-term perspective

2010年June24日, Al Gore and David Blood, “Toward Sustainable Capitalism”, 出自 Wall Street Journal:

給……（事物）以刺激，激勵。

We need to incent more innovation.

我們需要激勵出更多的創新。

DUNCAN: The more we can reward excellence, the more we can incent excellence, the more we can get our best teachers to work in those hard to staff schools

2009年January13日, Arne Duncan, “Duncan Lays Out Positions in Confirmation Hearing”, 出自 WBEZ Chicago Public Radio:


win over

If the truth doesn't win him over, perhaps charm will.

如果真相無法說服他，或許魅力可以。

Despite his ill-fated spell at Anfield, he received a warm reception from the same Liverpool fans he struggled to win over before being sacked midway through last season.

2012年April22日, Sam Sheringham, “Liverpool 0-1 West Brom”, 出自 BBC Sport:

For trains to play a major role in reducing carbon and other pollutants through modal shift, the railway will have to do more to win over the growing proportion of non-captive passengers who will have the choice of whether or not to use rail over other modes.

2021年July14日, Anthony Lambert, “Grand designs on superior interiors”, 出自 RAIL, 期 935，頁號 49:


venge

源自中古英語 vengen，源自古法語 venger，源自拉丁語 vindicare (“報仇，復仇”)。

For right as they han venged hem on me and doon me wrong, right so shal I venge me upon hem and doon hem wrong;

c. 1387, Geoffrey Chaucer, Canterbury Tales, Tale of Melibee § 30:

To safeguard thine own life / The best way is to venge my Gloucester's death.

c. 1595, William Shakespeare, Richard II, Act 1, scene 2:


supplicate

借自拉丁語 supplicat-，supplicō的分詞詞幹，源自sub- + plicō (“彎曲”)。

請求，乞求，懇求（某人）

to supplicate blessings on Christian efforts to spread the gospel

為基督徒傳播福音的努力祈求祝福

to supplicate the Deity


abscind

切断，切除，切掉；割掉，割去。


abscise

源自拉丁語 abscīsus，abscīdō (“切除”)的完成被動分詞，源自abs- + caedō (“切”)。


sabo

給……造成麻煩，破壞，搗亂