squirt

源自中古英語 squirten、squyrten，源頭不明；可能是擬聲詞。類似swirl。對比低地德語 swirtjen。

It can squirt this poison in jets up to a distance of one metre and usually aims at the eyes of its victim.

1985, The Living Australia, Dangerous Australians: The Complete Guide to Australia′s Most Deadly Creatures, 2002, Murdoch Books, page 88,

When administering the medication, the RN should place the syringe tip along the side of the mouth and slowly squirt the medicine toward the buccal vestibule, not toward the throat.

2005, Lisa Heard, NancyRayhorn, 8: Pediatric Sedation, Jan Odom-Forren, Donna Watson, Practical Guide To Moderate Sedation/Analgesia, 2nd Edition, page 171,

Use a dropper and squirt the desired amount in the side of the child′s mouth.

2011, James Balch, Mark Stengler, Prescription for Natural Cures, unnumbered page,

（用速度快的水流或其他液體）向……噴射

Ask the child to squirt the target with water.

2010, Christy Isbell, Mighty Fine Motor Fun: Fine Motor Activities for Young Children, page 81,


atomize

使分裂成小塊或細化的概念

An organism is then atomized into 'traits' and these traits are explained as structures optimally designed by natural selection for their functions.

1979, Gould, Stephen J., and Richard C. Lewontin. "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist Programme." Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 205: p. 585:


subvert

源自中古英語 subverten，源自古法語 subvertir，源自拉丁語 subvertō (“推翻”, 字面意思是“翻轉”)。

This would be to subvert the principles and foundations of all knowledge.

:Template:RQ:Locke Human Understanding, Book IV, Chapter XVIII

A dictator stays in power only as long as he manages to subvert the will of his people.

獨裁者只有使人民的意志背叛才能繼續掌權。


shoehorn

/ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n/

把……（強行）塞進，插入，擠入

I shoehorned his dozen burgeoning bags into the backseat of my tiny car, and off we went.

我把他那一堆脹鼓鼓的行李塞進我小車的後座，然後我們就出發了。

His staff want to shoehorn an extra stop into his already packed campaigning schedule.

他的工作人員想在已經排得滿滿的行程表中再多塞進一站。

A member of Mr Monti’s government admitted that, barring a hung parliament, it was impossible for the moment to see how Mr Monti could be shoehorned into politics after next spring.

2012, The Economist, Oct 13th 2012 issue, Italian politics: Who will be Italy’s next prime minister?

強行將某事與另一（不相干的）事物相關聯（尤其在其為謬誤時）

People claiming to be psychic may shoehorn an event into fulfillment of some vague past prediction.

聲稱自己是靈媒的人，可能會強行把某事與其過去作出的模糊預測相關聯。

After the terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon on September 11, 2001, fundamentalist Christian evangelists Jerry Falwell and Pat Robertson shoehorned the events to their agenda. They claimed that "liberal civil liberties groups, feminists, homosexuals and abortion rights supporters bear partial responsibility...because their actions have turned [my] god's anger against America."

在2001年9月11日世貿中心和五角大樓遭受恐怖襲擊後，基督教原教旨主義福音派人士 Jerry Falwell 和 Pat Robertson 把這件事也提上了自己的議程。他們宣稱“自由派公民團體、女性主義者、同性戀和墮胎權利支持者應當承擔部分責任……因為他們的行動引起[我的]上帝對美國產生了憤怒。”

2015年April5日, Robert Todd Carroll, “Shoehorning”, 出自 The Skeptic's Dictionary:


give back

gives back
giving back
gave back
given back

Give me back my book!

We organize this Thanksgiving dinner at the old-age home to give back to the community.

為回饋社區，我們在老人院舉辦這次的感恩節晚餐。


undam

擺脫（物理或抽象意義上的）障礙


igg

ignore 的截斷形式。

But not knowing my own mind, I made it hard for Mabel, keeping late hours, igging her, and playing Cherie. Then, one day while Mabel was at work, I packed my clothes and left.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1953, Langston Hughes, ‘Simple Takes a Wife’, in 2002, Donna Sullivan Harper (editor), The Collected Works of Langston Hughes: The Early Simple Stories, Volume 7, page 202,

I mean you can know that the little yalla boys and girls or the med and dent students are “igging” you and be igged and conscious (to the degree you are conscious) of it, […]
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1984, Imamu Amiri Baraka, The autobiography of LeRoi Jones, page 95,

I was tryin' to give it back to him, but he doesn't speak to me anymore. I keep trying.. but he keeps iggin' me.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

Ig is obsolete. Ig always conveyed an action and an attitude. At one time, to be igged was the worst attitude someone could convey to you without directly speaking to you. It was an insult, a slight. But being igged has lost its weight.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2003, Marlene Kim Connor, What Is Cool?: Understanding Black Manhood in America, page 14,


spank

Spurs had a free-kick on the edge of the Liverpool box. Érik Lamela spanked it low into the wall, got the ball back, played it out to Christian Eriksen.

2018 September 15, Barney Ronay, The Guardian, Finely tuned Liverpool are really getting into Jürgen Klopp’s groove:


akill

禁止（用戶）進入IRC服務器，使該用戶在以後嘗試連接時自動斷開連接。


Twitter

源自twitter (“發出一連串啼叫聲”)。

2009年March2日, Justin Rebello, “Eight top-notch tips for the Twittering attorney"”, 出自 Wisconsin Law Journal, retrieved 2009-03-02:

2009年February23日, MSNBC, “Stars can’t stop Twittering at Oscars, parties”, 出自 Access Hollywood, retrieved 2009-03-02:


premiate

Inevitably, a jury numbed by a succession of slides premiates some designs because they are "interesting" or "different."

1990, Landscape Architecture, 卷 80，頁號 170:


jack off

在性方面刺激、挑逗某人（多指男性）


show off

shows off
showing off
showed off
shown off

將某事物最好的部分展示出來

Grocery stores show off their produce by placing the most attractive specimens in front.

雜貨店把最好的樣品放在前面展示。

She loves to show off her driving prowess.

She loves to show off when she gets behind the wheel of a car.

If you've just acquired a Google Glass headset for £1,000, don't show it off at the movies. UK cinemas are to ban the headsets over fears that the gadgets can be used to make pirate copies of Hollywood blockbusters.

如果您剛買了一副Google眼鏡耳機，不要戴到電影院炫耀。因為擔心其能夠盜攝好萊塢大片，英國電影院將禁止這種耳機入場。

2014年June29日, Adam Sherwin, “UK cinemas ban Google glasses over piracy risk”, 出自 The Independent:


stupefy

源自中古法語 stupéfier，源自拉丁語 stupefaciō (“使瞠目結舌，使驚呆”)，源自stupeō (“瞠目結舌，驚呆”)（英語stupid、stupor）+ faciō (“做，使”)。


amaze

源自中古英語 *amasen (“使迷惑、困惑”)，源自古英語 āmasian (“使迷惑，使驚奇”)，源自ā- (完成時前綴) + *masian (“使困惑”)，等同於a- + maze。

使感到驚奇、驚訝 （自16世紀）

He was amazed when he found that the girl was a robot.

他得知女孩是機器人的時候，吃了一驚。

And all the people were amazed, and said, Is not this the son of David?

眾人都驚奇，說，這不是大衛的子孫麼。

1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Matthew 12:23:

Spain has long fallen from amazing Europe with her wit, to amusing them with the greatness of her Catholic credulity.

1759, Oliver Goldsmith, The Present State of Polite Learning


未知。《牛津英語詞典》認為是nix的押韻俚語。
其他的說法包括：
# 來自紐約市的戴爾莫尼科餐廳菜單第#86號，腰牛排（Delmonico steak），19世紀時經常很快就售罄。
# 來自禁酒令時期紐約的熱門地下酒館Chumley’s。Chumley’s 隱藏在西村的住宅當中，有兩個門口：一個經過裝潢的主入口，在巴羅街（Barrow Street）；還有一個隱蔽的後門，在貝德福德街86號（86 Bedford Street）。當守門人在大門口看見警察接近的時候，就會大喊“86 it!”，通知顧客把酒藏好，從後門快速離開。

86 the ham and eggs for table two!

86 the lobster bisque – we won’t have the lobster delivery until tomorrow.

不做龍蝦濃湯——明天龍蝦才送到。

We finally had to 86 that old printer after it jammed one too many times.

那台舊打印機出太多故障，我們終於不得不把它扔掉了。

The restaurant 86ed us because we didn't fit the dress code.

那家餐館不歡迎我們，因為我們著裝不符合他們的規定。

(Ben Sanderson, speaking to a bartender) -- "Please, serve me today, and I'll never come in here again. If I do, you can 86 me."

He stole from me and snitched on me, so I 86ed him.

他偷了我東西，所以我把他幹掉了。

RONALD:”They tried to ghost your girl Isabel right here”. WES CHANDLER(played by Ron Perlman):”Tried to ‘ghost’ her?” RONALD:”Merk. 86. Put her down in the dirt. You feel me?”

2017年September28日, Josh Corbin, 片头起37:03, 出自 Start Up, 季数 2, 集数 6, 角色 Ronald Dacey（Edi Gathegi）:


euthanize

John decided to euthanize his dying dog.

約翰決定對他垂死的狗實施安樂死。

A terminally ill minor has become the first child to be euthanized in Belgium since age restrictions were lifted in the country two years ago.

2016, Chandrika Narayan, First child dies by euthanasia in Belgium, CNN:


sum up

受詞可以放在助詞之前或之後（例如，「we summed the argument up as "think twice"」或「we summed up the argument as "think twice"」；二者在英語中皆合乎英語的語言習慣）。如果受詞是代名詞，則必須放在助詞之前（例如，「we summed it up as "think twice"」合乎語言習慣，但「we summed up it as "think twice"」不合乎語言習慣且語法錯誤）。

通過將所有項目相加求得總和。

我們彙總了所有捐款，發現正好夠付帳單。

We summed up the donations and found that we had just enough to pay the bills.

所以，總結你爭吵的話，你在說這不可能。

So, to sum up your argument, what you are saying is that it is impossible.

Best came close to getting on the end of Barton's cross but he was inches away from connecting. It was an incident that summed up Newcastle's afternoon.

貝斯特差點接到巴頓的橫傳，他離球只有幾吋遠。這個不幸的事件總結了紐卡速的下午。

2011年February12日, 拿比爾哈桑, “Blackburn 0 - 0 Newcastle”, 出自 BBC:


sully

源自中古英語 sulen、sulien (“變髒；弄髒，弄污”)，源自古英語 sylian (“弄髒，弄污”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *suliwōną、*sulwōną、*sulwijaną (“弄髒，弄污”)，源自原始印歐語 *sūl- (“粘稠的液體，淤泥”)，可能與來自相同日耳曼語族源頭的古法語 souillier (“弄髒，弄污”)（現代法語 souiller）部分混合。與丹麥語 søle (“弄髒，弄污”)、荷蘭語 zaluwen (“弄髒，弄污”)（中古荷蘭語 saluwen (“弄髒，弄污”)）、德語 sühlen (“弄髒，弄污”)、古撒克遜語 sulian (“弄髒，弄污”)、瑞典語 söla (“弄髒，弄污”)同源。亦对比中古英語 sulpen (“弄髒，弄污”)、古英語 solian (“弄髒，弄污；變髒”)，參見 soil。

He did not wish to sully his hands with gardening.

THoſe Ills your Anceſtors have done, / Romans, are now become your own ; / And they will coſt you dear, / Unleſs you ſoon repair / The falling Temples which the Gods provoke, / And Statues ſully’d yet with Sacrilegious Smoke.

1672, The Earl of Roscommon [Wentworth Dillon, 4th Earl of Roscommon], “The Sixth Ode, of the Third Book of Horace”, 出自 Poems by the Earl of Roscomon, London: J[acob] Tonson, 出版於 1717，頁號 153，行號s 1–6:

She tried to sully her rival’s reputation with a suggestive comment.

她作出暗示性的評論，嘗試玷污競爭對手的名聲。


equivale

We read b\equivc as \"b equivales c\".

1993, David Gries and Fred B. Schneider, A logical approach to discrete math:


retorque

重新對（物體）施加扭矩或扭力

In T.S.B. 09-028 issued on May 2, Honda says the noise, which comes at slow speeds, may be from incorrectly torqued mounting bolts, which need to be retorqued.

2009年July26日, Scott Sturgis, “The Ghost in the Infiniti”, 出自 New York Times:


subrogate

借自拉丁語 subrogātus，subrogō 的完成時被動分詞，源自 sub (“在…之下”) + rogō (“請求，詢問”)。有變體 surrogate。

In the course of that work air‑conditioning units were installed. Those units are equipped with compressors which were manufactured by Refcomp, whose registered office is in Italy, purchased from that company and fitted by Climaventa whose registered office is also in Italy, then sold to Doumer by the company Liebert to whose rights Emerson is now subrogated. […] Subrogated to the rights of Doumer, to which it paid compensation, Axa Corporate sued the manufacturer Recomp, the fitter Climaveneta and the seller Emerson before the Tribunal de grande instance de Paris (Regional Court, Paris) seeking an order that they pay in solidum compensation for the damage suffered.

2013年February7日, European Court of Justice, Refcomp SpA vs. Axa Corporate Solutions Assurance SA / Axa France IARD / Emerson Network / Climaveneta SpA,, Case C‑543/10, marginals 8 and 10:

A co-debtor that pays off a principal creditor has a choice. It can subrogate to the principal creditor's claim or it can file its own claim in the bankruptcy. It cannot do both; its own claim will be disallowed if it seeks subrogation.

2019, Ginsberg, Martin, Kelley, Ginsberg and Martin on Bankruptcy, Aspen Publishers Online (ISBN 9780735575523), page 86:


atterrate

借自意大利語 atterrare。對照晚期拉丁語 atterrare (“扔到地上”)。


exchequer

繼承自中古英語 escheker，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 escheker (“棋盤”)；源自中世紀拉丁語 scaccarium。因国库点钱的布像棋盘一样有方格而得名。

在财政法庭对（某人）提起诉讼


transplant

繼承自中古英語 transplaunten，源自古法語 transplanter，源自晚期拉丁語 transplantare，等價於 trans- + plant。

A book entitled Emerging Indonesia has on its cover photographs of a sunrise over palm trees, bent women in coolie hats transplanting rice, a wooden bull burning at a Balinese cremation, and a liquid nitrogen plant belching black smoke into a clear, undefiled tropical sky.

1996, Clifford Geertz, After the Fact: Two Countries, Four Decades, One Anthropologist, Harvard University Press, →ISBN，頁號 141:


rebin

把數據分成不同的組距分組


stigmatize

源自中世紀拉丁語 stigmatizo (“給……留下烙印”)，源自古希臘語 στιγματίζω (stigmatízō, “標記”)，源自 στίγμα (stígma)。

We stigmatize the Indians, also, as cowardly and treacherous, because they use stratagem in warfare in preference to open force; but in this they are fully justified by their rude code of honor.

我们还指责印第安人懦弱和奸诈，因为他们在战争中使用计谋而不是公开武力；但在这一点上，他们粗鲁的礼法是完全正当的。

1819-1820, Washington Irving, The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon:

Helen Hardacre, in her study of discourses stigmatizing women who have had abortions, argues that there has been a marked rise in media interest in women's sexuality since the 1970s.

海伦·哈达克在研究污名化堕胎女性的言论时指出，自1970年代以来，媒体对女性性行为的兴趣显著增加。

2010, Mark McClelland, “The 'Beautiful Boy' in Japanese Girls' Manga”, 出自 Toni Johnson-Woods 編, Manga: An Anthology of Global and Cultural Perspectives, The Continuum International Publishing Group Inc, →ISBN，頁號 78:

This chapter examines the social determinants of depression in black men because no other race-by-gender population group has been stigmatized as much as black men.

本章探讨了黑人男性抑郁症的社会决定因素，因为没有其他按性别分类的人口群体像黑人男性那样受到如此多的污名化。

2012, Daphne C. Watkins, Harold W. Neighbors, “Social Determinants of Depression and the Black Male Experience”, 出自 Henrie M. Treadwell, Clare Xanthos, Kisha B. Holden 編, Social Determinants of Health Among African-American Men, Jossey-Bass, 出版於 2013, →ISBN，頁號 55:


socialize

教導某人社會禮儀（通常是下意識地）；使某人適應社會

將某物納入集體或政府所有


depressurize

/diːˈpɹɛʃəɹaɪz/


aerate

源自拉丁語 aer (“空氣”) + -ate。

Blood is aerated in the lungs.

用氣體（尤其是氧氣或空氣）使……起泡或噴射

The drink was aerated with carbon dioxide, making it fizzy.

飲料中加入了二氧化碳，使其充滿了氣泡。

將氣體（尤其是氧氣或空氣）摻入固體或半固體材料中

The mousse was aerated by beating rapidly.

藉由快速攪拌使慕斯充氣。


publicate

引自16世紀中葉的文獻，源自拉丁語 拉丁語 publicat (“發表，使公眾知道”)


asseverate

借自拉丁語 assevērāre，源自 assevērō (“聲稱，聲明”)。

/əˈsɛvəɹeɪt/

鄭重聲明，認真而自信地斷言

Whereas Your Maiesty hath received true information of great sums of Money endeavoured to be borrowed of Your City of London, by directions proceeding from both Houses of Parliament […] (I Your Maiesties faithfull Subiect) doe conceive, and dare asseverate, that it is intended upon no other pretence then for the Honour and defence of Your Maiesty,

1642, Sir Richard Gurney, 1st Baronet, The Lord Maior of Londons Letter to the King at Yorke, June 22, London:

I will myself asseverate and bind it by an Oath, that the Muff thou bearest in thy Hand belonged unto Madam Sophia;

1749, Henry Fielding, 章號 7, 出自 The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, 卷 (please specify |volume=I to VI), London: A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC, book 10，頁號 261:

The more I laughed at such theories, the more these stubborn friends asseverated them; adding that even without the heritage of legend the recent reports were too clear, consistent, detailed, and sanely prosaic in manner of telling, to be completely ignored.

1931, H. P. Lovecraft, 章號 1, 出自 The Whisperer in Darkness:

A time would come, Mr. Secombe-Hughes mysteriously asseverated, when all would be well and she would get her money.

1971, Iris Murdoch, An Accidental Man, New York: Viking，頁號 31:


perfricate

[…] they differ from embrocations, only in not being intended, like them, to be copiously used in washing or perfricating the part on which they are applied […]

1761, Robert Dossie, Theory and Practice of Chirurgical Pharmacy:


affuse

借自拉丁語 affundō (“倒、灑或撒在”, 完成時被動分詞詞幹：affūs-)。


perseverate

/pəːˈsɛvəɹeɪt/

/pɚˈsɛvəˌɹeɪt/

使（特定的反射或反應）持續


adsorb

源自法語 adsorber，源自拉丁語 ad- + sorbēre (“吸”)。

The gas was purified by adsorbing the impurities onto active carbon.

通过将杂质吸附到活性炭上来净化气体。


contristate

源自拉丁語 contristatus，contristare (“使悲傷”) 的過去分詞。

Somewhat they [Harmonical sounds and Discordant Sounds] do contristate , but very little

1631, Francis [Bacon], “9。Century.”, 出自 Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

They are contristated to repentance.

1637, William Chillingworth, The Religion of Protestants:

For the insufferable sadness of a heart smitten almost prostrate grieves, contristates, and affects me.

1861, H. E. Dennehy, The Church of the First Three Centuries:


remord

源自中古英語 remorden，源自盎格魯-諾曼語及中古法語 remordre，源自拉丁語 remordeō，源自 re- + mordeō；對比加泰羅尼亞語 remordir、remordre、法語 remordre、意大利語 rimordere、古奧克語 remordre、葡萄牙語 remorder、西班牙語 remorder。

Dyvers People That Remord This Rymyng
Agaynst the Scot

a. 1529, John Skelton, Agaynstethe Scottes:


reforge

"For too long, there has been a missing link between the East and West Midlands, and this is our opportunity to reforge it," said Webbe.

韦伯说：“长期以来，东西米德兰兹之间一直缺失联系，而这正是我们重建它的机会。”

2022年February23日, “Network News: MP urges link between Midlands cities to be 'reforged'”, 出自 RAIL, 期 951，頁號 24:


averruncate

源自拉丁語 āverruncāre (“避免”)，源自 āb (“除去”) + verruncāre (“轉動”)，但被解釋為 āb + ēruncāre (“除去，剔除”)，並使用了對應的拼寫。

Unless by providential wit, / Or force, we averruncate it.

1859, Samuel Butler, “Canto 1, Line 758”, 出自 Henry George Bohn 編, Hudibras，頁號 31:


antagonize

harass

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

oppose

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

pester

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

appease

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

quell

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

The other children constantly antagonized Joe to the point of tears.

其他的孩子一直不停惹 Joe 生氣，直到他哭出來。


speedrun

來自speed + run。早在19世紀就有大多在工程背景下使用該術語的孤立證據，加上連字符作「speed-run」；這些案例不太可能影響現代形式。

speedruns
speedrunning
speedran
speedrunned
speedrun

In my most recent attempt to speedrun this game, I almost managed to beat the world record.

我最近一次嘗試速通這款遊戲時，幾乎打破了世界紀錄。


rat out

Don't you dare rat me out or I'll kill you!

你可別膽敢出賣我，不然我就把你幹掉！


monophthongize

單元音化，使……變成單元音


exhume

借自中世紀拉丁語 exhumō，源自拉丁語 ex- + humō (“埋”)。

Not so long ago a Scotsman is reported to have exhumed the body of his daughter and burnt her heart, as he thought she was devitalising her remaining brother and sister and making them ill.

据报道，不久前，一名苏格兰人挖出了他女儿的尸体并烧毁了她的心脏，因为他认为她正在破坏她仍在世的兄弟姐妹的生命，并害得他们生病。

1936, Rollo Ahmed, The Black Art, London: Long，頁號 126:

The archeologist exhumed artifacts from the ground with a shovel.

考古学家用铲子从地下挖出了文物。

揭露；發掘出（已被遺忘的記憶等）

Memorial was permeated by a sense of mission, a moral imperative to exhume the truth and display it to the eyes of its compatriots, whatever feelings of shame, outrage, denial, or shock might ensue.

2009, S. E. Wilmer, Writing and Rewriting National Theatre Histories，頁號 47:


saponify

源自法語 saponifier，源自晚期拉丁語 sāpō, sāpōnem (“肥皂”)。


conculcate

借自拉丁語 conculcatus，conculcare (“踩踏”) 的過去分詞。


recenter

C-l (recenter-top-bottom) is a basic scrolling command. It recenters the selected window, scrolling it so that the current screen line is exactly in the center of the window, or as close to the center as possible.


abrase

源自拉丁語 abrāsus，abrādō (“磨損；擦傷”) 的完成被動分詞，源自 ab (“從，離”) + rādō (“刮，擦”)。

磨損 （最早見於15世紀末）


imprime

This is the time that the horseman are flung out, not having the cry to lead them to the death. When quadruped animals of the venery or hunting kind are at rest, the stag is said to be harboured, the buck lodged, the fox kennelled, the badger earthed, the otter vented or watched, the hare formed, and the rabbit set. When you find and rouse up the stag and buck, they are said to be imprimed: […]

1819, John Mayer, The Sportsman's Directory, or Park and Gamekeeper's Companion:


absterge

源自法語和中古法語 absterger，或源自中世紀拉丁語 abstergēre，abstergeō (“擦去”) 的現在主動不定式，源自拉丁語 abs- + tergeō (“擦去”)。

cleanse

擦拭以使乾淨 （最早見於16世紀早期）

purge

擦拭以使乾淨 （最早見於16世紀早期）

擦拭以使乾淨 （最早見於16世紀早期）


popularise

Homer Simpson popularised the term "d'oh".

荷馬·辛普森讓“d'oh”這個詞流行了起來。

Towards the end of August, the Southern Railway decided to adopt a novel form of publicity to popularise the services. Sandwich board men were employed at Charing Cross and Cannon Street to display placards, and distribute leaflet timetables, calling attention to the vacant seats on the services via Nunhead.

1946 November and December, “Additional London-Dartford Services”, 出自 Railway Magazine，頁號 386:

Special cheap day return facilities have been introduced to popularise the railbuses.

1959 March, “Talking of Trains: Railbuses on the W.R.”, 出自 Trains Illustrated，頁號 121:

推廣，普及，使大眾化（尤指科學技術方面的資訊、資料）


dilucidate

And because the proceeding by interrogatories doth in my opinion much dilucidate things […] I will make use of that artifice.

1662 Thomas Salusbury, Galileo's Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (Dialogue 2):


ambiguate

Marvell is as careful here to ambiguate the nature of his poem's speaker as he was in presenting the 'forward youth' of the 'Horatian Ode'.

1993, Thomas N. Corns, The Cambridge Companion to English Poetry, Donne to Marvell:

To ambiguate Jung means to read his texts as ambiguous, even when the statements they contain appear superficially unambiguous.

2013, Jean Kirsch, Murray Stein, How and Why We Still Read Jung: Personal and professional reflections:

Immediately then Socrates will give counterexamples to this definition, ambiguating the definition. Laches will define courage as standing firm in battle. Socrates will ask about whether a person can be courageous in sickness, in business, […]

2016, Richard Gilmore, Searching for Wisdom in Movies:


sherardize

將金屬（多為鐵或鋼）表面暴露在鋅蒸汽下，以為其鍍鋅


academize

將（學校）改制為公辦學院


flexibilize

flexible + -ize, possibly a back-formation from flexibilization.


aliene

alien (“（通過出售的方式）轉讓所有權”) 的異體。

（通過出售等方式）轉讓（頭銜或財產）

to aliene an estate


visualise

/ˈvɪʒʊəlaɪz/

設想；在腦海中形成一幅畫面

同類詞： audialize、auralize、kinesthetize、olfactorize、tactilize、tactualize

Trains have increased in weight far beyond anything visualised when the bridge was designed, but it has never undergone any major structural alterations, and continues to carry main-line traffic without weight restriction.

火车的重量已经远远超出了大桥设计时的设想，但这座桥从未进行过任何重大的结构改变，并且继续承载着主干线的交通，不受重量限制。

1950 September, “Centenary of the Royal Border Bridge”, 出自 Railway Magazine，頁號 637:

Possible developments such as electric or diesel suburban services may be visualised when the town has grown sufficiently to justify them.

1950 October, R. A. Marshall, “Kuala Lumpur, an Important Malayan Railway Centre”, 出自 Railway Magazine，頁號 706:

When small masses are to be detected, it is necessary to visualise as much of the lung as possible with as little structured noise as possible. This is accomplished with high-voltage, wide-latitude, image recording and possibly beam equalisation.

2003, Image Quality in Chest Radiography，頁號 84:

Be sure to find an area far away from the city or street lights, the darker the better. Lean back or lie flat on your back with your feet facing south and visualize as much of the sky as possible. Most meteors appear as faint streaks in the sky.

2023 December 13, Carrie Hodgin, Brian Slocum, "When is the best time to view the meteor shower? Everything to know about the Geminids meteor shower" (archive), WXII 12:


informatize

使信息化；以信息學的方式對待


infantilize

For too long, many of us have sought unity by binding ourselves together with the umbilical cords of dogma. They have done less and less to nurture us in recent years, and more and more to infantilize us.

1984年August18日, Scott Tucker, “The Politics of Perversion”, 出自 Gay Community News, 卷 12, 號 6，頁號 8:


instrumentalize

[…] they also instrumentalize race to reinstate nostalgic, vanguard notions of political activism […]

2002, Katrin Sieg, Ethnic Drag: Performing Race, Nation, Sexuality in West Germany:

將為人聲而寫的音樂作品轉錄為樂器演奏


monkeyfy

字面意思是 monkey + -fy。字面意思是「猴子化」


erogate

源自拉丁語 ērogātus，ērogō 的過去分詞；e (“出”) + rogō (“要求”)。


funerate

源自拉丁語 fūnerātus, fūnerō (“安葬”) 的過去分詞，源自 fūnus, fūneris (“喪葬，葬禮”)。參見 funeral。

my desideratum is , to be debonnairly funerated in a feateous requietory

July 4 1844, Samuel Klinefelter Hoshour, letter to Lorenzo Altisonant:


Mediterraneanise

地中海化，使（某人或某物的）行為或風格具有地中海特色


Mediterraneanize

地中海化，使（某人或某物的）行為或風格具有地中海特色


suffuse

源自拉丁語 suffundō。

The entire room was suffused with a golden light.

整个房间，弥漫着金色的光芒。

像液體一樣擴散、遍佈、洋溢、充斥

The warmth suffused his cold fingers.

温暖传到了他冰冷的手指上。

Marie's face was suffused with a sleepy, appreciative look.

1983, Robert Ferro, The Family of Max Desir，頁號 87:

His newest work, The Beach Bum, shares a gauzy neon aesthetic and Florida setting with Spring Breakers, and it’s marked by the usual plethora of drug use, free love, and pirate’s-life-for-me lawlessness that suffuses every Korine movie.

2019年March28日, David Sims, “A Portrait of the Artist as a Perpetually Stoned Beach Bum”, 出自 The Atlantic:


abacinate

源自晚期拉丁語 abacinātus, abacinō 的完成時被動分詞；可能由 ab (“離，出”) + bacīnum (“盆”) 或 bacīnus 組成。可能與現代意大利語 abbacinare (“使目眩，使眼花”) 同源。

用燒紅的金屬棒或金屬板使人失明

"You young scapegrace," said Dandolo, "I will myself abacinate you — in the Venetian way." "How's that?" "Blind your eyes with the glare, not of hot irons, but of new ducats. Count your pile."

1905, James M. Ludlow, Sir Raoul，頁號 233:

Their straining eyes abacinated by the cup of terror, their throats stopped, their powers dead within them, they hung breathless, motionless.

1945, Robert Hardy Andrews, Burning Gold，頁號 196:

Abacinate, eyes that bleed, praying for the end of your wide awake nightmare.

1986, Jeff Hanneman （作曲作詞）, “Angel of Death”, 出自 Reign in Blood, 演出者 Slayer:

This chiasmic image of the subject's imperviousness suggests a sensory deprivation beyond sublimity, like that of abacinated anti-epistemology.

1999, Srinivas Aravamudan, Tropicopolitans, →ISBN，頁號 220:


aver

繼承自中古英語 averren，源自古法語 averer，源自早期中世紀拉丁語 advērō，派生自拉丁語 vērus (“真的”)。對照現代法語 avérer。

A rare thing to ſee a yong man or woman, that liues idlely, and fares well, of what condition ſoeuer, not to bee in loue. Vbicumqꝫ ſecuritas, ibi libido dominatur, luſt & ſecurity domineere together, as Sᵗ Hierome auerreth.

1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], “Causes of Heroicall Loue, Temperature, Full Diet, Idlenesse, Place, Climat, &c.”, 出自 The Anatomy of Melancholy: […], 2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 2, subsection 1，頁號 209:

Now as to the Scriptures being the Word of God, and evidently known to be ſo, or evidencing themſelves to be ſo, and that of right, and properly they are to be ſo called; all which thou J. O. very abſolutely averreſt, […]

1660, Samuel Fisher, “[Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies: Or, The Country Correcting the University and Clergy, and (Not without Good Cause) Contesting for the Truth, against the Nursing Mothers and Their Children. In Four Apologetical and Expostulatory Exercitations; [...]] The Third Apologetical, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, 出自 The Testimony of Truth Exalted, […], [London?]: [s.n.], 出版於 1679, →OCLC, chapter I，頁號 411:

[T]he partial Infidel […] averreth the Sleep or Inſenſibility of the Soul both in good and bad perſons，源自the time of their Deceaſe hence until their Reſurrection; […]

1701, Lawrence Smith, “[First Discourse on 2 Timothy 1:10]”, 出自 The Evidence of Things Not Seen: Or, The Immortality of the Human Soul, and the Separate Condition thereof in the Other World, Asserted and Made Manifest: […], London: […] Thomas Speed, […], →OCLC，頁號 1:

As Coroner, I must aver, I thoroughly examined her. / And she's not only merely dead, she's really most sincerely dead.

1939年August25日, “Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead”, 出自 Yip Harburg 作詞, Harold Arlen 作曲, The Wizard of Oz (soundtrack), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer:

Horticulturalist Richard Lighty has a form [of Trillium grandiflorum] that he avers to open almost a cerise-red.

1997, Frederick W. Case, Jr., Roberta B. Case, “The North American Trilliums”, 出自 Trilliums, Portland, Or.: Timber Press, →ISBN，頁號 109:

In the meantime, on 5 June 2000, the applicant had brought a civil action against the Prosecutor's Office. He alleged that the termination of his contract had been unlawful and sought reinstatement and compensation for loss of salary. He averred, inter alia, that the climate in the Supreme Cassation Prosecutor's Office had deteriorated as a result of the actions of the Chief Prosecutor.

2007年July26日, European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section), Peev v. Bulgaria (Application no. 64209/01), Strasbourg, paragraph 19:

[W]hen Yara tells him he picked the losing side, he avers that he might just as soon head back to the Iron Islands—"But first, I'm gonna fuck the queen" [...]

2019年April14日, Alex McLevy, “Winter is Here on Game of Thrones’ Final Season Premiere (Newbies)”, 出自 The A.V. Club，於2020-12-18歸檔自原頁面:

證明或證實（某人提出的指控或請求）

承認、證明或證實（某事物）的存在或发生，或提出这样做

[A]lthough thou averrest this, and averrest it truly, we are nevertheless constrained to plead guilty to the possession of so much of this sensibility [a refusal to hear details] (call it "sickly" if thou wilt) as that they case once proved, our feeling of duty refuses to sustain us any longer against that combined and overwhelming influence of shattered nerves and a sickened heart.

1841 December, R[ichard] R[obert] Madden, “Address on Slavery in Cuba, Presented to the General Anti-slavery Convention”, 出自 The Churchman’s Monthly Review, London: R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside; and sold by L. and G. Seeley, […], →OCLC，頁號 705:


sopite

拉丁語 sopitus，sopire (“使入睡”) 的過去分詞。

... Balmawhapple could not, by the code of honour, evite giving satisfaction to ... Edward by such a palinode as rendered the use of the sword unnecessary, and which, being made and accepted, must necessarily sopite the whole affair.

1814, Sir Walter Scott, Waverley; or, 'Tis Sixty Years Since:


sectorize

將……劃分為數個部分、部門


secede

源自拉丁語 secedere，源自 se- (“分開”) + cedere (“去”)。

使脫離、退出（政治聯盟或組織）

At the same time, Nolan also secretly contracted with the crafty United States Army general James Wilkinson to organize some men to secede Texas from Spanish America.

与此同时，诺兰还秘密与狡猾的美国陆军将军詹姆斯·威尔金森签订合同，组织一些人将德克萨斯从西班牙美洲分离出去。

2002, Darryl E. Brock, “José Agustín Quintero: Cuban Patriot in Confederate Diplomatic Service”, 出自 Cubans in the Confederacy: José Agustín Quintero, Ambrosio José Gonzales, and Loreta Janeta Velazquez, Ed. Phillip Thomas Tucker, publ. McFarland, →ISBN，頁號 103:

A Spanish Supreme Court probe into last year's attempt to secede Catalonia from Spain wraps up Friday with the judge expected to charge 28 regional politicians and separatist leaders with offenses that may include rebellion.

西班牙最高法院对去年加泰罗尼亚脱离西班牙企图的调查于周五结束，法官预计将对28名地区政客和分离主义领导人提出包括叛乱在内的多项罪名指控。

2018, “The Latest: Europe arrest warrants for 6 Catalan separatists”, 出自 ABC News, The Associated Press:


ablaqueate

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 ablaqueātus，ablaqueō (“翻起或鬆開樹周圍的土壤”) 的過去分詞，源自 ab- + laqueō (“套住，纏住”)。

鬆土使（樹根）裸露 （(1350 - 1470) 至18世紀中葉）

After the autumnal equinox they were to be ablaqueated like the vines. Every third year they were to be dunged, and after some years (generally the eighth) to be pruned; for there was an old saying, to wit, eum qui aret olivetum rogare fructum; qui stercoret exorare; qui caedat cogere.

1847, Thomas Keightley, The Bucolics and Georgics of Virgil:


suppeditate

源自拉丁語 suppeditatus，suppeditare (“供給”) 的過去分詞。


accable

借自法語 accabler (“壓倒，壓垮”)。

壓倒；拖累 （17–19世紀）]