airstrip

The outfitter deposited us at a small airstrip out in the bush, promising to pick us up again in a week's time.

旅行用品商把我们安置在灌木丛旁的一个小跑道上，并承诺一周后再次接我们。


tenaciously

more tenaciously (comparative)
most tenaciously (superlative)

He continued tenaciously, doggedly continuing over all obstacles.

他顽强地继续前进，克服一切障碍。


coworker

/ˈkəʊˈwɜː.kə/

He heard from a coworker that the company planned to merge those departments.

他从同事那里听说公司计划合并这些部门。


powder keg

powder keg of Europe

歐洲火藥桶（比喻第一次世界大戰前的巴爾幹半島）


meishi

Typically, a meishi features the company name at the top in the largest print, followed by the job title and then the name of the individual.

日式名片通常在顶部以最大的字体显示公司名称，然后是职位名称，再然后是个人姓名。


emigre

借自法語 émigré。

（尤指流亡在外的）僑民、僑民

Between the wars, Paris was the center for all the world's emigres.

两次世界大战之间，巴黎是世界上所有移民的中心。


stairway

The phrase "stairway to heaven" has a variety of cultural significances.

“天堂的阶梯”一词具有多种文化意义。

Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, with something of the stately pose which Richter has given his Queen Louise on the stairway,[…]。

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 5, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:


determinans

源自拉丁語 dētermināns，dēterminō (“確定某事物的限制”)，源自 dē + terminō (“界限，限制”)。

In the noun phrase "noun phrase", "noun" is the determinans and "phrase" is the determinatum.

在名詞短語「noun phrase」中，「noun」是修飾語，而「phrase」是被修飾語。


encroaching

She could hardly see anything in the encroaching darkness.

在逐渐逼近的黑暗中，她几乎看不到任何东西。


supervenient

源自拉丁語 supervenient-，superveniens 的詞幹，supervenio (“衝過； 突然到來”) 的現在時分詞。

more supervenient (comparative)
most supervenient (superlative)

If mental properties are supervenient on physical properties, people with identical bodies will also have identical minds.

如果精神屬性隨附於物理屬性，那麼具有相同身體的人也將具有相同的思想。


sign out

signs out (third-person singular present)
signing out (present participle)
signed out (past participle)

登記離開，登記……以外出

He was the last person to sign out of the building that night.

他是當晚最後一個登記離開大樓的人。

登出；採取某種行動，表示正在離開計算機系統上的安全程式／程序或網頁

After making the necessary edits, always sign out of the system.

進行必要的編輯後，請務必從系統登出。


undead

繼承自中古英語 undede，等價於 un- + dead。最早可考的使用見於1400年左右，名詞用法則起自20世紀早期。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-undead.wav

In the zombie movie, an army of the undead accosted some nubile skinny-dipping teenagers.

在喪屍電影中，一群不死族跟一些性感的裸泳青年搭訕。

"Were another of the Un-Dead, like him, to try to do what he has done, perhaps not all the centuries of the world that have been, or that will be, could aid him."

1897，Bram Stoker，Dracula，New York: Doubleday & McClure, 出版於 1899，頁 xxiv. 319:

Harley got devoured by the undead / Lurking down in some old wizard's tomb / You can say there's no such thing as zombies / But that's how Harley Warren met his doom

2006，The H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society，“Harley Got Devoured by the Undead”, in An Even Scarier Solstice:

It’s an episode of characters returning to their own pasts as different people. They can retrench like Cersei, back on her bullshit, I mean, warpath. Or they can adapt, like The Hound. Neither way necessarily ensures success, but we know the archmaester isn’t unequivocally right. We’ve seen dragons reborn and armies of the undead. I wouldn’t be so sure that Wall will stand forever.

2017年July16日，Brandon Nowalk，“Chickens and dragons come home to roost on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:


stinky

繼承自中古英語 stinky、stynky，等價於 stink + -y。對照荷蘭語 stinkig (“臭的，骯髒的，腐爛的”)、德語 stinkig (“臭的”)、漢斯立克語 stinkich。

stinkier (comparative)
more stinky (comparative)
stinkiest (superlative)
most stinky (superlative)

What's that stinky smell?


chanting

I remember much chanting in church during my childhood.

我记得小时候在教堂里唱过很多歌。

The Synod of Aberdeen forbade 'chantings and choruses' at funerals.

阿伯丁主教会议禁止在葬礼上“唱诵和合唱”。


tetraphthong

Gottscheerish has four tetraphthongs: /i̯oai/, /i̯oːai/, /i̯uai/, and /i̯uːai/.

科切維方言有四個四元音：/i̯oai/、/i̯oːai/、/i̯uai/ 和 /i̯uːai/。


converted

He was a converted Jew, living in a converted chapel.

他是一名皈依的猶太教徒，住在一座經改建的會堂裡。

Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

提到今天的银行业，人们就会想到高耸的摩天大楼里，穿着灰色西装的男人。然而在旧金山、纽约和伦敦的改建仓库和时髦办公室中，它的未来新形态正在悄然产生：在那里，穿着牛仔裤和T恤的时髦年轻人挤在笔记本电脑周围，喝着拿铁或吃着免费食物。

2013年August3日，“Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist，卷 408, 期 8847:


room temperature

food served at room temperature


adhan

借自阿拉伯語 أَذَان (ʔaḏān)。

If one were to pray alone, then no adhan is needed.

如果一个人独自祈祷，则不需要宣礼。


adsorb

源自法語 adsorber，源自拉丁語 ad- + sorbēre (“吸”)。

adsorbs (third-person singular present)
adsorbing (present participle)
adsorbed (past participle)

The gas was purified by adsorbing the impurities onto active carbon.

通过将杂质吸附到活性炭上来净化气体。


anciently

more anciently (comparative)
most anciently (superlative)

The anciently written inscriptions in the pyramids can still be read.

金字塔中古代书写的铭文仍然可以阅读。


eina

借自南非語 eina，源自科伊科伊語：é + ná。

Eina! I hit my thumb with the hammer!

痛痛痛！一不小心用錘子敲中拇指了！


yack

yacks (third-person singular present)
yacking (present participle)
yacked (past participle)

yak (“說話；喋喋不休”)的另一種寫法

I moved to another carriage on the train because the first one was full of people yacking on mobile phones.

我走到了火車的另一節車廂，因為第一節車廂擠滿了嘰嘰喳喳拿著手機講電話的人。


make into

makes into (third-person singular present)
making into (present participle)
made into (past participle)

使（第一個賓語）變成（第二個賓語）

Basic training will make you into a man.

基礎訓練能讓你變得更男人。

The potion made him into a toad.

I'll make a dry academic discipline into a living subject.

我能讓枯燥的學科變得生動起來。


school uniform

School uniforms for boys may include a school tie, jacket, cap and a pair of formal trousers.

男生的一套校服可包含一條學生領帶、一件夾克、一頂帽子和一條正式的褲子。


iftar

借自阿拉伯語 إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)。

Iftars can be social events, where people congregate to eat and socialize.

开斋饭可以是社交活动，人们聚集在一起吃饭和社交。

On a recent afternoon in the Tunisian coastal city of Sfax, as shoppers hurried around a market buying food and drink for that evening’s iftar meal, a small group of men from sub-Saharan Africa gathered near a stall selling phone accessories.

在突尼斯海濱城市斯法克斯，前一陣子的某個下午。市場裡的購物者匆忙買好吃的喝的，準備當晚的開齋飯。此時，一小群來自撒哈拉以南非洲的人，聚集在一家售賣手機配件的攤位旁。

2023年March30日，Simon Speakman Cordall，“Tunisian morgue overflows as more people attempt risky sea crossing [因為越來越多人無視危險嘗試渡海，突尼斯的停屍房不堪重負]”, in The Guardian:


Angeleno

源自西班牙語 angeleño。

/ˌænd͡ʒɪˈliːnəʊ/

同類詞：Angelena

The LAPD has asked Angelenos not to shoot at the alien spaceship, fearing it might trigger an interstellar war.

洛杉矶警察局要求洛杉矶人不要向这艘外星飞船开枪，担心这可能引发星际战争。


heart attack

She'll have a heart attack when she sees that!

她看到了一定會大吃一驚的！

My computer had a heart attack when I tried to get it to run that program.

我嘗試運行該程式時，電腦宕機了。


spiced

more spiced (comparative)
most spiced (superlative)

Fred preferred spiced rum to plain.

与原味朗姆酒相比，弗雷德更喜欢加香料的朗姆酒。


holy shit

/ˌhəʊli ˈʃɪt/

天啊；用於表達恐懼、敬畏、驚訝等情感

Holy shit, that car just exploded!

天哪，那輛車剛剛爆炸了！


pummel

pummels (third-person singular present)
pummelling
pummeling
pummelled
pummeled

Rain pummeled the roof.

雨滴接連不斷地打在屋頂上。

The boxer pummeled his opponent.

The best of friends become the worst of enemies when Barney makes a hilarious attack ad where he viciously pummels a cardboard cut-out of Homer before special guest star Linda Ronstadt joins the fun to both continue the attack on the helpless Homer stand-in and croon a slanderously accurate, insanely catchy jingle about how “Mr. Plow is a loser/And I think he is a boozer.”

2012年June3日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Mr. Plow” (season 4, episode 9; originally aired 11/19/1992)”, in (請指定書籍名或刊物名):


smelter

He works as a smelter.

Throw the scrap in the smelter so we can melt it down and reuse it.

将废料扔进冶炼炉，这样我们就可以将其熔化并重新利用。

We'll take the scrap to the smelter and get some money for it.

我们会把废料送到冶炼厂，赚点钱。


southwestern

同類詞：eastern、northeastern、northern、northwestern、southeastern、southern、western

Locals think southwestern sunsets are the most beautiful.

当地人认为西南的日落是最美的。


southeastern

同類詞：eastern、northern、northeastern、northwestern、southern、southwestern、western

The southeastern part of the country is the most affluent.

該國的東南部地區最為富裕。


suspiciously

more suspiciously (comparative)
most suspiciously (superlative)

The police officer looked at her suspiciously.

She was behaving very suspiciously.

Suspiciously, he had taken out an insurance policy on his wife just months earlier.

令人怀疑的是，就在几个月前，他还为妻子购买了一份保险。

It looked suspiciously like a molding-compound repair of a dent.

它看起来很可疑，像是用模塑料修复的凹痕。


sunbathe

Do you think it's warm enough outside for a sunbathe?

你覺得現在外面是否暖和到可以曬日光浴？


antagonize

antagonizes (third-person singular present)
antagonizing (present participle)
antagonized (past participle)

harass

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

oppose

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

pester

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

appease

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

quell

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

對抗；反對 (尤指激起對方的反應)

The other children constantly antagonized Joe to the point of tears.

其他的孩子一直不停惹 Joe 生氣，直到他哭出來。


ice cube

icecube (alternative)
ice-cube (alternative)
ice cubes (plural)

The new freezer in our kitchen makes round ice cubes!

我們廚房的新冰櫃可以凍出圓形的冰塊！


evacuated

more evacuated (comparative)
most evacuated (superlative)

The evacuated flask imploded with a pop when it could no longer stand the outside air pressure.

当抽空的烧瓶无法承受外界气压时，会发出“砰”的一声而内爆。


shortwave

Shortwaves are longer than microwaves.

短波頻率（尤其用於廣播）

The fun of listening to shortwave while in a car or boat is diminished by spark-plug noise created while the engine is running.

在汽车或船上收听短波的乐趣会因发动机运转时产生的火花塞噪音而减弱。

1972，Len Buckwalter，99 Ways to Improve Your Shortwave Listening，頁 90:

Many stations broadcast on shortwaves.

許多電臺以短波進行廣播。


speedrun

來自speed + run。早在19世紀就有大多在工程背景下使用該術語的孤立證據，加上連字符作「speed-run」；這些案例不太可能影響現代形式。

speed run (alternative)
speedruns (plural)

In the speedrun of Super Mario Bros. 3, Anonymous Jones finishes the whole game in just 11 minutes.

匿名為 Jones 的玩家速通《超級瑪利歐兄弟3》全程只用了11分鐘。


speedrun

speed run (alternative)
speedruns (third-person singular present)
speedrunning (present participle)
speedran (past)
speedrunned (past)
speedrun (past participle)

In my most recent attempt to speedrun this game, I almost managed to beat the world record.

我最近一次嘗試速通這款遊戲時，幾乎打破了世界紀錄。

盡快做完某事或快速經歷某過程

John decided to speedrun his trip to the grocery store.

John 決定趕快走到雜貨店。

Dre said in an interview that he created SCAM to poke fun at other "shitcoins" or cryptocurrencies that are clearly pump-and-dump schemes, but at the same time make some money for people willing to put money behind it without any lofty talk to convince people anything more noble is going on. In doing so, SCAM is speedrunning the path of many cryptocurrencies: It hit a $70 million market cap (the snapshot current value of all tokens in circulation) almost immediately after launching, then slumped to $7 million, then $5 million, and now sits at $2.5 million.

2021年May3日，Edward Ongweso Jr，“This TikToker's 'SCAM' Cryptocurrency Took Off and He Can't Believe It”, in VICE，存檔自the original on 2023-06-05:

I maintain that the first burrito he ever speedran was the most delicious, was folded with the most care, and had the best ratio of fillings, but burrito speedrunning is not about the flavour, it's about the time.

2023年March19日，Ben Sledge，“Inside The Chaotic World Of Burrito Speedrunning”, in The Gamer，存檔自the original on 2023-06-03:

While DeSantis' allies have been speedrunning his political vendettas through the legislature, the Yale and Harvard alum embarked on a national tour ostensibly to promote his literary opus entitled The Courage to Be Free: Florida's Blueprint for America's Revival.

2023年April12日，Justin Miller，“DeSantis vs. Abbott: Tallahassee My Texas”, in The Texas Observer，Austin, T.X.: The Texas Democracy Foundation, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2023-04-12:

The result is an ouroboros of faith and science, where an intentional blurring of lines has created a society where a civilization is speedrunning through its development unaware that there are hands pushing them along.

2023年July14日，Zosha Millman, Joshua Rivera，“Foundation season 2 storylines aren't all the same kind of sci-fi”, in Polygon，存檔自the original on 2023-07-21:


starred

a Michelin-starred restaurant

She became sad, and looked up to the many-starred sky; her soul uttered silently the bitter complaint of its own misery.

她悲伤起来，抬头望着繁星满天的天空；她的灵魂默默地诉说着自己的苦难。


drowning

It's dangerous to swim in that river — there were three drownings there last year.

在那条河里游泳很危险——去年那里发生了三起溺水事件。


adapted

more adapted (comparative)
most adapted (superlative)

為適應不同環境或媒介而進行了修改的

That movie was an adapted novel.

那部电影是根据小说改编的。


ponies

My husband is forever throwing away money on the ponies.

我老公永遠都在把錢砸進賽馬裡面。


duoplural

雙複數；標記兩個或多個事物的名詞的語法數

Languages that employ the duoplural include Navajo and Taos, where the verb shows singular, dual, and plural numbers, but the nouns are marked only as singular or nonsingular (duoplural).

使用雙複數的語言包括納瓦霍語和陶斯語，它們的動詞有單數、雙數和複數的區別，但名詞僅標記為單數或非單數（雙複數）。


sized

有著……尺寸/大小/規模的（一般與副詞結合使用）

A badly-sized pair of shoes.

An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic the way real kidneys cleanse blood and eject impurities and surplus water as urine.

如今，人工肾仍然意味着冰箱大小的透析机。这些设备模仿真正的肾脏，净化血液并将杂质和多余的水作为尿液排出。

2013年June1日，“A better waterworks”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8838，頁 5 (Technology Quarterly):


tanned

more tanned (comparative)
most tanned (superlative)

You're looking very tanned.

tanned bodies lying on the beach

Dressed always in jeans, a loose long sleeved top and large brimmed straw beach hat [...] she stood out from the tanned seasoned locals.

1994，Jim Ranie，Jargodin: The Moonlighter，Brisbane: Jim Ranie，頁 120:


attempted

嘗試過的（一般暗示已失敗，即未遂）

She is facing jail time for attempted robbery.

她因抢劫未遂而面临牢狱之灾。

An attempted coup.


rat out

rats out (third-person singular present)
ratting out (present participle)
ratted out (past participle)

Don't you dare rat me out or I'll kill you!

你可別膽敢出賣我，不然我就把你幹掉！


decimosexto

/ˌdɛsɪməʊˈsɛkstəʊ/

a decimosexto form, book, leaf, size


single-handedly

She single-handedly organized the whole event, and even set up all the chairs herself.

整場活動都是她一手包辦的，連所有的椅子她都自己擺好了。

This is singlehandedly the most superior piece of content ever to grace the entire internet.

這是有史以來為整個網際網路增光添彩的最精彩的內容。

Charlie Chaplin, the poignant little tramp with the cane and comic walk who almost single — handedly elevated the novelty entertainment medium of motion pictures into art, died peacefully yesterday at his home in Switzerland[…]

1977年December26日，“Charlie Chaplin Dead at 88; Made the Film an Art Form”, in The New York Times:

“Despite the surge in prices weighing on their purchasing power, the U.S. consumer now appears to be single-handedly keeping the global economy afloat,” Paul Ashworth, an economist at Capital Economics, wrote in a note.

2022年May17日，Coral Murphy Marcos，“Retail sales rise for the fourth straight month as prices keep climbing.”, in The New York Times:


challenged

more challenged (comparative)
most challenged (superlative)

在心理或身體上缺乏某些屬性或技能的；用在副詞後，構成帶政治正確意味的形容詞。

mentally challenged

用於副詞後，組成形容詞，模仿或嘲諷義項1的這類形容詞。

vertically challenged


specific epithet

此詞通常指植物、真菌或細菌學名中的第二部分。動物學名中的第二部分則通常稱作 specific name。

In Cannabis sativa, the word sativa is the specific epithet.


tainted

more tainted (comparative)
most tainted (superlative)

Hey, get that away from me! It was bought with tainted money.

嘿，把這玩意兒從我身邊拿走！這是用黑錢買的。

Do not use tainted values in SQL queries.

在SQL查詢中，不要使用來源不受信任的值。


trotter

crubeen

豬、羊等四足動物的腳/蹄（尤指作肉食用的）

豬、羊等四足動物的腳/蹄（尤指作肉食用的）

grange cookbook recipes for trotters

Finally Napoleon raised his trotter for silence and announced that he had already made all the arrangements.

最後，拿破崙默默舉起他的蹄子，宣佈他已經做好了所有的安排。

1945年August17日，George Orwell [筆名；本名 Eric Arthur Blair]，章號 6, in Animal Farm […]，London: Secker & Warburg, →OCLC:


heaped

heaping

一大……（表示所能容納之量）的

the heaped dishes waiting to be washed up

一大……（表示所能容納之量）的

(尤其用於美國、加拿大)

a heaped teaspoon of sugar


heaping

一大……（表示所能容納之量）的 (對照 heaped)

a heaping teaspoon of sugar

a heaping big bowl of ice cream; a heaping bowl of rice

一大碗冰淇淋；一大碗米飯


fall flat on one's face

falls flat on one's face (third-person singular present)
falling flat on one's face (present participle)
fell flat on one's face (past)
fallen flat on one's face (past participle)

I tripped over my shoelace and fell flat on my face.

我被鞋帶絆倒了，摔了個狗啃泥。

He tried to start his own business but fell flat on his face.

他試圖開創自己的事業，但最終一敗塗地。


stick one's nose in

sticks one's nose in (third-person singular present)
sticking one's nose in (present participle)
stuck one's nose in (past participle)

愛管閒事；過分插手、干涉

I was doing just fine before he came and stuck his nose in.

他過來插手之前，我都一直幹得不錯。


suffocation

繼承自中古英語 suffocation、suffocacioun，源自中古法語 suffocation，源自拉丁語 suffocatio。

The moon, directly opposite, flung into the room a long and tremulous line of light, which fell on Guido's face, as he reclined on the pillows which supported his head; he needed the support, for a feeling of suffocation was his constant complaint.

1834，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，章號 XXIX, in Francesca Carrara. […]，卷 II, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，頁 302:

A child left unattended may die of suffocation.

无人看管的儿童可能会因窒息而死亡。

The coroner reported three suffocations last week.

验尸官上周报告了三起窒息死亡事件。


Tabor

聖經希伯來語 תָבוֹר (Tāḇôr)，源頭不確定。

the light of Tabor


starved

more starved (comparative)
most starved (superlative)

I'm starved! I haven't eaten since breakfast.

我要餓死了！從早餐到現在我什麼都沒吃。

She said: "I'm starved. I could eat a horse." I told her she was lying, because I had once eaten horse.

她说：“我饿得不行了。我可以吃掉一匹马。” 我告诉她她在撒谎，因为我真的曾经吃过马。

1946，George Johnston，Skyscrapers in the Mist，頁 46:


kick back

kicks back (third-person singular present)
kicking back (present participle)
kicked back (past participle)

I'm going to stay at home on Saturday and just kick back.

星期六我打算呆在家里休息一下。

It was the insurer’s practice to kick back to the broker approximately 0.12% of the premium paid by the policyholder.

保险公司的做法是向经纪人回扣投保人所支付保费的约 0.12%。


fish tank

I sprinkled little flakes into the fish tank for the guppies to eat.

我把一小把饲料撒在鱼缸里让孔雀鱼吃。


exhume

借自中世紀拉丁語 exhumō，源自拉丁語 ex- + humō (“埋”)。

exhumes (third-person singular present)
exhuming (present participle)
exhumed (past participle)

Not so long ago a Scotsman is reported to have exhumed the body of his daughter and burnt her heart, as he thought she was devitalising her remaining brother and sister and making them ill.

据报道，不久前，一名苏格兰人挖出了他女儿的尸体并烧毁了她的心脏，因为他认为她正在破坏她仍在世的兄弟姐妹的生命，并害得他们生病。

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 126:

The archeologist exhumed artifacts from the ground with a shovel.

考古学家用铲子从地下挖出了文物。


transmitted

a telegraphically transmitted message


submaxillary

submaxillary saliva

submaxillary mucin


salivate

源自拉丁語 salivatus，salivare (“吐出；流口水”) 的過去分詞，源自 saliva (“口水”)。

salivates (third-person singular present)
salivating (present participle)
salivated (past participle)

He's been salivating over the latest model sports car for a while now.

他对最新型号的跑车垂涎已久。


pop music

流行音樂；流行（一種音樂類型）

Pop music, despite its commercial focus, includes many artistic gems.

流行音乐尽管以商业为重点，但也包含许多艺术瑰宝。


ordained

There was much pomp at the ceremony that made him an ordained minister.

仪式非常隆重，他被授予牧师之位。


dishtowel

A child of the Great Depression, Grandma would never throw away a dishtowel until it had more holes than thread.

作为大萧条时期的孩子，奶奶永远不会扔掉抹布，除非它的洞比线还多。


have a bun in the oven

has a bun in the oven (third-person singular present)
having a bun in the oven (present participle)
had a bun in the oven (past participle)

懷孕，有了（字面意思是「烤箱裡有個圓包」）

Her parents were surprised to learn that she had a bun in the oven.

得知她懷孕了，她的父母很驚訝。


alphabetically

more alphabetically (comparative)
most alphabetically (superlative)

April, August, December... Who the fuck sorts months alphabetically??

四月、八月、十二月……誰他媽的按字母順序排序月份？

In alphabetically written languages the conventions governing the graphemic system G are intimately connected with those governing the phonemic system P

1978，Hans H. Wellisch，The conversion of scripts, its nature, history, and utilization，頁 65:


acculture

accultures (third-person singular present)
acculturing (present participle)
accultured (past participle)

/əˈkʌl.t͡ʃɚ/

I accultured myself very easily when I moved from Chile to Brazil; Portuguese, being similar to Spanish, was easy to learn. It might have been harder to acculture to life in Hong Kong.

当我从智利搬到巴西时，我很容易适应环境。葡萄牙语与西班牙语类似，很容易学习。适应香港的生活可能会更困难。


adoptable

more adoptable (comparative)
most adoptable (superlative)

Only after reaching three weeks of age are the infants considered adoptable.

出生三個星期以後的嬰兒才可以被收養。

Personability and youthful vigor make this puppy highly adoptable.

獨特個性和青春活力使得這隻狗狗很適合領養。


adorn

繼承自中古英語 adornen、adournen，源自拉丁語 adōrnāre，adōrnō 的現在主動不定式；源自 ad + ōrnō (“裝飾，修飾”)。參見 adore、ornate。代替了借自古法語 aorner 的中古英語 aournen (“裝飾”)，其亦來自同一拉丁語詞彙。

adorns (third-person singular present)
adorning (present participle)
adorned (past participle)

a character adorned with every Christian grace

一个充满着基督教恩典的人物

a gallery of paintings was adorned with the works of some of the great masters

画廊里陈列着一些伟大大师的作品

as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Isaiah 61:10:

Durable, water-resistant and easy to clean, tiles have adorned Persian mosques, Moorish palaces and the parlors of Dutch burgers.

瓷砖耐用、防水且易于清洁，曾装饰波斯清真寺、摩尔宫殿和荷兰汉堡店。

1980，Walls and Ceilings，Time-Life Books, →ISBN，頁 38:


alphabetical

源自 拉丁語 alphabēticus + -al。 By surface analysis, alphabet + -ical。

alphabetic

和字母表相關的；用字母表表示的

根據字母表中字母的順序的

All names were placed into an alphabetical list.

所有名字都按字母順序排列在列表中。


not bad

同類詞：good

What did you think of the guitarist?
Not bad, but that solo could have been better.

你覺得那個人吉他彈得怎麼樣？
還行吧，不過獨奏段本可以更好些的。


turn a deaf ear

turns a deaf ear (third-person singular present)
turning a deaf ear (present participle)
turned a deaf ear (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-turn a deaf ear.ogg

(比喻義，及物带 to) 充耳不聞

They turned a deaf ear to her entreaties.

他們對她的懇求充耳不聞。


anally

more anally (comparative)
most anally (superlative)

Martin penetrated his partner anally.

马丁插入了他伴侣的肛门。

The doctor will examine the patient anally.

医生将对病人进行肛门检查。


unleashed

unleashed potential


popularise

popularises (third-person singular present)
popularising (present participle)
popularised (past participle)

Homer Simpson popularised the term "d'oh".

荷馬·辛普森讓“d'oh”這個詞流行了起來。

Towards the end of August, the Southern Railway decided to adopt a novel form of publicity to popularise the services. Sandwich board men were employed at Charing Cross and Cannon Street to display placards, and distribute leaflet timetables, calling attention to the vacant seats on the services via Nunhead.

1946 November and December，“Additional London-Dartford Services”, in Railway Magazine，頁 386:

Special cheap day return facilities have been introduced to popularise the railbuses.

1959 March，“Talking of Trains: Railbuses on the W.R.”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 121:


notifier

The e-mail notifier displays a small icon in the notification area when mail is received.

收到邮件时，电子邮件通知程序会在通知区域中显示一个小图标。


loonie

源自 loon (“潛鳥”) + -ie，因一加元硬幣背面的潛鳥圖案而得名。

The loonie continued to rise against the greenback today.

今天，加元兌美元匯率繼續上漲。


vigour

繼承自中古英語 vigour，源自古法語 vigour，源自 vigor，源自拉丁語 vigor，源自 vigeō (“繁榮；茁壯”)，源自原始印歐語 *weǵ- (“活潑”)。
與 vigil、vegetable、vajra、waker 有關。

vigour 及其衍生詞一般表示“主動的力量”，或“行動的力量”。

A plant grows with vigour.


discerner

a discerner of truth, of right and wrong

辨别真理、正确与错误的人


grammatical case

The grammatical cases nominative and accusative are used for subjects and direct objects respectively in many languages, including Latin.

在許多語言中，主格和賓格分別用於主詞和直接受詞，包括拉丁語。


distensive

more distensive (comparative)
most distensive (superlative)

distensive paralysis

distensive opposition

distensive headache


Roman numerals

Roman numerals is the system used on some clocks.

羅馬數字是用在一些鐘錶上的（計數）體系。


reinvent

reinvents (third-person singular present)
reinventing (present participle)
reinvented (past participle)

He had the ability to reinvent himself as needed.

他有能力根据需要重塑自己的形象。


uninterruptible

uninterruptible power supply


sworn

繼承自中古英語 sworen、isworen，繼承自古英語 sworen、ġesworen，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *swaran、*giswaran，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *swaranaz，原始日耳曼語 *swarjaną (“發誓”) 的過去分詞，等價於 swear + -en。

His sworn statement convinced the judge.

他的宣誓声明使法官信服。

a sworn foe

a sworn socialist


automatize

源自法語 automatiser，源自 automate (“自動機”)。等價於 automate + -ize。

automatizes (third-person singular present)
automatizing (present participle)
automatized (past participle)

Student responses are gradually automatized through repetition.

学生的反应通过重复逐渐自动化。

We need to automatize our production facility.

我们需要使我们的生产设施自动化。


aliene

alien (“（通過出售的方式）轉讓所有權”) 的異體。

alienes (third-person singular present)
aliening (present participle)
aliened (past participle)

（通過出售等方式）轉讓（頭銜或財產）

to aliene an estate


parked

a row of parked cars


suspected

Bring in the suspected vandal.

把涉嫌破坏行为的人带进来。


spenno

more spenno (comparative)
most spenno (superlative)

All the restaurants here are pretty spenno.


on demand

The kitten is being fed on demand.

Our new on-demand software delivery system is cutting edge.

我们的新按需软件派送系统是尖端的。


comforting

more comforting (comparative)
most comforting (superlative)

Your comforting words help ease my mind.

您安慰的话语让我心情轻松了一些。

It's comforting to know that I've always got my Mum when things go wrong.

当我遇到麻烦时，知道妈妈总是在身边，这让我感到很安慰。


intimidatingly

more intimidatingly (comparative)
most intimidatingly (superlative)

He stared intimidatingly at John. John, feeling threatened, ran off.

他用威胁的眼神看着约翰。约翰感到受到了威胁，于是逃跑了。


economic growth

As a result of inward investment, Eire enjoyed substantial economic growth.

由于外来投资，爱尔兰经济实现了大幅增长。


pronged

more pronged (comparative)
most pronged (superlative)

a three-pronged fork


at most

There weren't so many people at the concert — 40 at most.

來看音樂會的人不多——頂多就坐滿了40%。


Judeo-Satanic

more Judeo-Satanic (comparative)
most Judeo-Satanic (superlative)

Changes abound, Judeo-Satanic plot or not.


satanic

more satanic (comparative)
most satanic (superlative)

Can Abrahamic religious leaders call other religions "satanic" without being in jail?

亚伯拉罕宗教的领袖们能够称其他宗教“邪恶如撒旦”而不入狱吗？


six feet under

六英尺是傳統上開挖墳墓的深度。

My grandparents are six feet under.

我的祖父母都已與世長辭。


geminous

geminous teeth

And this the practice of Christians hath acknowledged, who have baptized these geminous births.

1672, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica (6th edition, book 3, chapter 15)

The reader will also observe that in the example just cited 'justice' is rendered by 'equality and justice;' on the same page he will find carelessness and inadvertency' where the original has only neglect; and so he will find throughout the book such geminous and even tergeminous renderings to the number of at least two hundred.

1861 March，“Critical Notices of Works on India and the East”, in Calcutta Review，卷 36，頁 v:


blackeyed

blackeyed pea

blackeyed Susan


suffuse

源自拉丁語 suffundō。

suffuses (third-person singular present)
suffusing (present participle)
suffused (past participle)

The entire room was suffused with a golden light.

整个房间，弥漫着金色的光芒。

像液體一樣擴散、遍佈、洋溢、充斥

The warmth suffused his cold fingers.

温暖传到了他冰冷的手指上。

Marie's face was suffused with a sleepy, appreciative look.

1983，Robert Ferro，The Family of Max Desir，頁 87:

His newest work, The Beach Bum, shares a gauzy neon aesthetic and Florida setting with Spring Breakers, and it’s marked by the usual plethora of drug use, free love, and pirate’s-life-for-me lawlessness that suffuses every Korine movie.

2019年March28日，David Sims，“A Portrait of the Artist as a Perpetually Stoned Beach Bum”, in The Atlantic:


big brother

If you don't give me back my toys I'll tell my big brother!

如果你不把我的玩具还给我，我就要告诉我哥哥了！


disclude

discludes (third-person singular present)
discluding (present participle)
discluded (past participle)

Please disclude me from further discussions on this topic.

请将我从参与有关该主题的进一步讨论中排除。


relational adjective

關係形容詞；定義關係而非限定條件的形容詞

In some languages, a noun cannot modify another noun by being placed right next to it (like an adjective); for such languages a noun might have a corresponding relational adjective (obtained from the noun by some morphological adjustment) which can modify another noun. For example, in the English expression architectural heritage, "architectural" does not refer to a property or quality; it expresses a relationship to the corresponding noun "architecture". For languages which do allow direct adjective-like modification of a noun by another noun, they might have relational adjectives anyway, for example, due to borrowing them from the former type of languages.

在某些語言中，名詞不能（像形容詞一樣），藉由放在另一個名詞旁邊來修飾另一個名詞；對於此類語言，名詞可能有一個相應的關係形容詞（透過某種構詞調整從名詞獲得），而它可以修飾另一個名詞。例如，在英語 architectural heritage（建築遺產）中，「建築」並不是指屬性或特質；而是表達了與相應名詞「架構」的關係。對於允許一個名詞直接用另一個名詞做形容詞式修飾的語言，它們可能還是有關聯形容詞，例如，從前一類語言借用而來。


war crime

/ˈwɔɹ ˌkɹaɪm/

同類詞：crime against humanity、genocide、atrocity

Collective punishment is a war crime under the Geneva Convention.

根據日內瓦公約，連坐是一種戰爭罪。


all night

同類詞：all day

We stayed up all night.

I wanna rock and roll all night and party every day.

我想要整夜摇滚，每天都是盛宴。


yapper

人的嘴，尤其是閒話說得太多的人

Shut your yapper or I'll shut it for you!

閉上你的嘴，否則我替你閉上！


supersaturate

supersaturates (third-person singular present)
supersaturating (present participle)
supersaturated (past participle)

In science class the teacher prepared a supersaturated solution by cooling a saturated solution. He then added a small seed crystal and a large precipitate formed in just a second.

科学课上，老师通过冷却饱和溶液来制备过饱和溶液。然后他往里放进一颗小晶种，一秒钟内就形成了一块大沉淀。


leave someone in the lurch

leaves someone in the lurch (third-person singular present)
leaving someone in the lurch (present participle)
left someone in the lurch (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-leave someone in the lurch.ogg

拋棄，拋下（讓其獨自面對困難的境地）

He left me in the lurch and I had to finish the whole project by myself.

他把我拋下，害我得一個人做完整個項目。

But though thou'rt of a different church, / I will not leave thee in the lurch.


iffy

iffier (comparative)
iffiest (superlative)

dodgy

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

dubious

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

fishy

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

He's selling new CD players for £20 each – that sounds a bit iffy to me.

他以每台20英镑的价格出售新CD机——我觉得这个价格有点可疑。

The weather is still iffy for Saturday's rocket launch.

周六的火箭发射天气仍然不太理想。

That potato salad smells a bit iffy. Don't chance it — it's not worth salmonellosis.

土豆沙拉的味道有点怪。别冒险——不值得冒沙门氏菌病的风险。

“He’s underground, anyway, so reception would be iffy.”

2020，N. K. Jemisin，The City We Became，Orbit，頁 416:

"Definitely something iffy, that's for sure.”


stat

statistic (“統計量”) 的截斷形式。

stats (third-person singular present)
statting (present participle)
statted (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stat.wav

stat out

為（遊戲中的怪物等）分配統計數據

為（遊戲中的怪物等）分配統計數據

If you stat it, they will kill it.


qualifiable

more qualifiable (comparative)
most qualifiable (superlative)

可修改、修飾、限制、約束的

Each consonant symbol in the shorthand is qualifiable with various vowel markers.

速记中的每个辅音符号都可以用各种元音标记来修饰。


cooldown

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cooldown.wav

冷卻時間, 遊戲中持續使用虛擬物品或技能釋放所必須的間隔時間
具有强大效果但冷却时间较长的特殊能力

I had to wait for the cooldown to finish before recasting the spell.

我必须等待冷却时间结束后才能重新施放该咒语。

Private Terminal: After using a power, you must wait for it to recharge before using it again.
Private Terminal: This is called the cooldown period. When a power is in cooldown, its icon is gray. A red icon indicates that the power cannot affect the current target.

2012，BioWare，Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC，幕：Tactical Mastery: Advanced Power Use:


exacerbator

exacerbators of pulmonary disease


allegorise

allegorises (third-person singular present)
allegorising (present participle)
allegorised (past participle)

用寓言的方式表達，使寓言化

For his explanation he will allegorise the problem.

为了（更好地）解释，他会将问题寓言化。


Cain

源自希伯來語 קַיִן (Káyin，“工匠”)，古英語時期已有此詞。

According to the Book of Jubilees Cain got married to his sister Awan.

根据《禧年书》，该隐与他的妹妹阿万结婚。

And Cain talked with Abel his brother: and it came to paſſe when they were in the field, that Cain roſe vp againſt Abel his brother, and ſlew him.

該隱與他兄弟亞伯說話，二人正在田間，該隱起來打他兄弟亞伯，把他殺了。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 4:8，列 2:


Enoch

借自晚期拉丁語 Enoch，源自古希臘語 Ἑνώχ (Henṓkh)，源自希伯來語 חֲנוֹךְ (Ḥănôḵ)。

以諾，亞當第三個兒子塞特的子孫，雅列之子，瑪土撒拉的父親，挪亞的曾祖父

Enoch was the son of Jared, and was Noah’s great grandfather.

以諾是雅列的兒子，挪亞的曾祖父。

And Enoch walked with God: and he was not; for God took him.

以諾與神同行，神將他取去，他就不在世了。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 5:24:


strike while the iron is hot

strikes while the iron is hot (third-person singular present)
striking while the iron is hot (present participle)
struck while the iron is hot (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-strike while the iron is hot.ogg

用命令式表達時，這個詞有個廣為人知的說法或者諺語：Strike while the iron is hot!
要趁熱打鐵！

趁熱打鐵：抓緊條件有利時行動

We should strike while the iron is hot and order some immediately, before they change the offer.

我们应该趁热打铁，立即订购一些，以免他们改变报价。

The Gap thus stopp'd, with her Army she marcheth to the Cage that kept those Birds, whose Wings she would be clipping. She knew if she struck not while the Iron was hot, the heat of a popular Faction would quickly sink and lessen.

c. 1620s，Elizabeth Cary [misattributed to Henry Cary]，The History Of the most unfortunate Prince King Edward II. […] ，London: A.G. and F. P., 出版於 1680，頁 41:


make peace

makes peace (third-person singular present)
making peace (present participle)
made peace (past participle)

結束敵對狀態，締結和平；在一段時間的敵對後恢復友好關係

Both countries can rebuild now that they have made peace with each other.

如今，两国已实现和平，可以重建家园。

He's finally made peace with his estranged father.

他终于与疏远的父亲和解了。

The committee made peace and agreed to go with the new plan.

委员会解决了分歧，并同意实施新计划。

勉強接受，妥協（尤指讓人不喜歡的事情）

I've finally made peace with the fact that having diabetes means no more sugar.

我终于接受了这样一个事实：患有糖尿病就意味着不能再吃糖了。


tread lightly

treads lightly (third-person singular present)
treading lightly (present participle)
trod lightly (past)
treaded lightly (past)
trodden lightly (past participle)
treaded lightly (past participle)

小心謹慎行事，尤指為了避免冒犯別人（字面意思是「輕輕地踏」）

He's in a bad mood today, so you might want to tread lightly if you talk to him.

他今天心情不好，所以你和他说话时最好小心一点。


in public

Don't you know it's rude to pick your nose in public?

你不知道當眾摳鼻子是很粗魯的行為嗎？


pick one's nose

picks one's nose (third-person singular present)
picking one's nose (present participle)
picked one's nose (past participle)

You can pick your friends; you can pick your nose; but you can't pick your friends' noses.

你可以选择自己的朋友；你也可以挖自己的鼻孔；但你不能挖你朋友的鼻孔。


nose-pick

nose-picks (third-person singular present)
nose-picking (present participle)
nose-picked (past participle)

Children should not nose-pick.


give birth

gives birth (third-person singular present)
giving birth (present participle)
gave birth (past)
given birth (past participle)

It was clear that she was about to give birth.

She gave birth to a beautiful baby girl.

The case of a woman named Qu Hua from Qiqihaer, Heilongjiang, illustrates this possibility. She married a worker named Xu Baocheng in 1980, and they got along very well until she gave birth to a girl. Then Xu immediately began to beat Qu, and forced her and the baby to live in a small shack.

黑龙江齐齐哈尔市屈华女士的案例就说明了这种可能性。1980年，屈华与一名名叫徐宝成的工人结婚，两人相处得很好，直到屈华生下一个女儿。徐宝成很快便开始殴打屈华，并强迫她和孩子住在一间小棚屋里。

1988，Emily Honig, Gail Hershatter，“Divorce”, in Personal Voices: Chinese Women in the 1980's [个人之声：八十年代的中国女性]，Stanford, Cali.: Stanford University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 219:

The rest of the Orville's crew underwent changes as well. Bortus' beliefs were challenged when he gave birth to a daughter - on Moclan society, males are the dominant species and females must undergo a mandatory sex change.

奥维尔号的其他船员也经历了变化。柏图斯的信仰在生下一个女儿后受到了挑战——在莫克兰人的社会，男性是主导物种，女性必须接受强制性变性。

2022年June1日，Collier Jennings，“'The Orville': Everything You Need to Know Before Season 3 [《奥维尔号》：第三季前你需要知道的一切]”, in The Collider:

創立，建立，是……的源頭

Einstein gave birth to a famous equation relating energy to mass.

爱因斯坦创立了著名的能量与质量方程。


give a shit

gives a shit (third-person singular present)
giving a shit (present participle)
gave a shit (past)
given a shit (past participle)

/ˈɡɪv ə ˌʃɪt/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-give a shit.wav

主要用于否定或疑问语境中，如“你认为我在乎吗？”；換句話說，這個詞通常是“否定有极项”（negative polarity item）。

用来表达对他人的态度或行为的漠不关心或无视。

在乎，在意，理會（尤指別人的想法或行為，尤其是他们对说话者的看法或说法）

You're going to get me fired? I don't give a shit!

你要让我被解雇？我才不在乎呢！

"Do it badly," said the man, "who cares? Who gives a shit?"

“不必苛求，”男人說道，“又有誰會在乎呢？根本不會有人當回事兒。”

1982，Douglas Adams，Life, the Universe and Everything，頁 114:

There are some people who still hitchhike, although not as many as before. A lot of folks gave the practice up after being buried in shallow graves near the side of the road. But here's some fun you can have in case you still like to get out and hoist a thumb.[...]Or, when the guy stops, don't say anything; just jump in and sit down. When he says, "Where you going?" say, "I don't give a shit. Let's just ride around. I'm off till Thursday." Then make a lot of motor noises with your mouth.

1997，George Carlin，“Hitchhiking Fun”, in Brain Droppings，New York: Hyperion Books, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 222:


look away

looks away (third-person singular present)
looking away (present participle)
looked away (past participle)

忽略，視而不見，假裝沒看見或注意到

It's important not to look away from difficult situations like this.

重要的是不要对这样的困难情况视而不见。


throw away

throws away (third-person singular present)
throwing away (present participle)
threw away (past)
thrown away (past participle)

He wanted to throw away the cup, but he couldn't find a trash can.

他想把杯子扔掉，但找不到垃圾桶。

Don't throw the newspaper away, it goes in the recycle bin!

不要把报纸扔掉，应该扔进回收箱！

Voting for a third-party candidate sometimes feels like throwing your vote away.

投票给第三方候选人有时感觉就像是把选票扔掉一样。

The team threw away its chance at the semifinals.

该队浪费了进入半决赛的机会。

Mama, life has just begun. / But now I've gone and thrown it all away.
妈妈，生活才刚刚开始。/但现在我却把一切都挥霍掉了。

1975, Freddie Mercury, “Bohemian Rhapsody” (song), in Queen (band), A Night at the Opera (album):

Chelsea threw away two points when substitute Salomon Kalou gifted Valencia a penalty five minutes from time with a needless handball.

比赛还剩五分钟时，替补出场的萨洛蒙·卡卢手球犯规，送给瓦伦西亚一个点球，切尔西因此浪费掉了两分。

2011年September28日，Jon Smith，“Valencia 1 - 1 Chelsea”, in BBC Sport:


thrown

繼承自中古英語 throwen，繼承自古英語 þrāwen、ġeþrāwen，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þrēanaz，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þrēaną。thran 的同源對似詞。
字面上等同於 throw + -n。

I was totally thrown by his bizarre remarks.

他的奇怪言论让我完全震惊了。


socio-political

The insane sociopolitical system

The socio-political environment in France...


rack one's brain

由 rack (“肢刑架”) 和 brain (“腦”) 組成，意思上可視作“使精神极度不适”
異體包括 rack one's wit (1583)、rack one's memory 和 cudgel one's brain / cudgel one's brains。

racks one's brain (third-person singular present)
racking one's brain (present participle)
racked one's brain (past participle)

絞盡腦汁；努力去想或記住某事

I have been racking my brain all day trying to think of a birthday present for her.

我整天都在绞尽脑汁想给她送什么生日礼物。

Let’s face it – math isn’t for everyone. If you’re done racking your brains over a question based on quadratic equations, differential calculus, or even lengthy word problems, and can’t for the life of you figure out what’s what, then perhaps it’s time you let ChatGPT take up the role of a home tutor.

让我们面对现实吧——数学并不适合每个人。如果你已经受够了为一道基于二次方程、微积分甚至冗长的应用题而绞尽脑汁，却怎么也搞不清楚到底是什么，那么也许是时候让ChatGPT来担任你的家庭教师了。

2023年January19日，Zohaib Ahmed，“Here’s how ChatGPT can help you deal with boring tasks so you can focus on things that matter [ChatGPT如何帮助你处理无聊的任务，让你可以专注于重要的事情]”, in The Indian Express:


reculture

recultures (third-person singular present)
reculturing (present participle)
recultured (past participle)

to reculture a troubled school


severed

a severed limb


kind of

來自對短語中 kind of 的重分析，如 a kind of merry dance 本來是“a kind + of + merry dance”，被重新分析作“a + kind-of merry + dance”。

I'm getting kind of tired. Could we finish tomorrow?

我有點兒累了。咱們能在明天完成嗎？

That's the right answer, kind of.

某種程度上，那確實是正確答案。

He kind of hated the idea of Hugo having been with someone else, even though that was superhypocritical, considering Brand's own previous arrangements with Ramie and Jackson.

2022，A. M. Arthur，His Fresh Start Cowboy:


reimagine

reimagines (third-person singular present)
reimagining (present participle)
reimagined (past participle)

The classic TV series is completely reimagined in the new version.

这部经典电视剧在新版本中被彻底重新构思。

Byford added: "In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, all transport authorities around the world will need to reimagine how their services and projects contribute to the safe and sustainable restart of the social and economic lives of the cities they serve."

拜福德补充道：“在新冠肺炎疫情爆发后，全球所有交通管理部门都需要重新设想他们的服务和项目如何为其服务的城市安全、可持续地重启社会和经济生活做出贡献。”

2020年June17日，“Byford appointed to top London transport post”, in Rail，頁 16:


electoral district

Electoral district 是正式及學術用語。該詞常縮略作 district；不同地區也可能使用不同的詞來表示。在加拿大，儘管聯邦及省級選區常用 riding 表示，立法上仍用 electoral district。

When comparing voting systems, it is important to know how many representatives are elected from each electoral district.

当比较投票制度时，了解每个选区选出多少名代表是很重要的。


reindustrialize

reindustrializes (third-person singular present)
reindustrializing (present participle)
reindustrialized (past participle)

The government plans to reindustrialize the former mining region.

政府计划重新振兴这个前采矿区。


non-venomous

The python is a nonvenomous snake.


slack off

slacks off (third-person singular present)
slacking off (present participle)
slacked off (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-slack off.wav

Emily is slacking off since this is her last semester; she completely stopped trying to make good grades.

由于这是艾米丽的最后一个学期，所以她开始懈怠了；她完全不再努力取得好成绩。

Thankfully the hail slacked off after a few minutes.

值得庆幸的是，几分钟后冰雹就减弱了。


Margvelashvili

格魯吉亞語 მარგველაშვილი (margvelašvili) 的轉寫。

格魯吉亞語姓氏 მარგველაშვილი (margvelašvili) 的轉寫。

Giorgi Margvelashvili

格奧爾基·馬爾格韋拉什維利，格魯吉亞／喬治亞前總統


Saakashvili

格魯吉亞語 სააკაშვილი (saaḳašvili) 的轉寫。

格魯吉亞語姓氏 სააკაშვილი (saaḳašvili) 的轉寫。

Mikheil Saakashvili

米哈伊·薩卡希維利，曾任格魯吉亞／喬治亞總統和烏克蘭敖德薩州州長


authorship

We are unaware of the authorship of this book.

我们不知道这本书的作者是谁。


hole in one

holes in one (plural)
hole in ones (plural)

代指罕見、精彩或出色的成就

If we can get the entire thing moved over in a day, it'll be a hole in one with the customer.

如果我们能在一天之内完成全部搬运，对于客户来说这将是一次巨大的成功。


sorrowed

I was sorrowed to hear of your loss.

听到你失去亲人的消息，我感到非常难过。


twin city

雙城（兩個相鄰城市組成的都市）

Texarkana, Arkansas, and Texarkana, Texas, are twin cities forming the Texarkana metropolitan area.

阿肯色州特克萨卡纳和德克萨斯州特克萨卡纳是双城，组成特克萨卡纳大都会区。


match point

He made it to match point three times and still lost, but you can't come much closer than that.

他三次取得赛点，仍然输了，但这已经是最接近的一次了。


fertility rate

In America the fertility rate of recent immigrants tends to be higher than that of native population.

在美國，新移民的生育率往往高於本地人口。

In most industrialized countries the fertility rate has dropped well below replacement rate.

在大多數工業化國家，生育率已遠低於更替率。


in advance

The money was paid in advance.


in advance of

He travelled in advance of his master, making the necessary arrangements.

他先于主人出发，做好一切必要的安排。


in hand

at hand

佔有著，擁有著，在手頭上 （自10世紀）

on hand

佔有著，擁有著，在手頭上 （自10世紀）

to hand

佔有著，擁有著，在手頭上 （自10世紀）

handy

佔有著，擁有著，在手頭上 （自10世紀）

at the ready

佔有著，擁有著，在手頭上 （自10世紀）

under control

處於掌控之中 （自18世紀）

ignored

正考慮；目前正在處理或解決 （自14世紀）

neglected

正考慮；目前正在處理或解決 （自14世紀）

out of hand

處於掌控之中 （自18世紀）

用手抓著、握著，拿在手裡 （自14世紀）

Pen in hand, I turned back to the letter I was writing.

我握着笔，继续写那封信。

處於掌控之中 （自18世紀）

You need to get this situation in hand, and fast.


out of hand

more out of hand (comparative)
most out of hand (superlative)

Clean things as you go so that the mess does not get out of hand.

边走边清理，以免杂乱的东西失控。

Figueiredo's troops got out of hand and disgraced themselves by mutilating the Spanish dead and wounded on the field of battle.

1892，James Fitzmaurice-Kelly，The life of Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra，London Chapman & Hall, 出版於 1892:

Shepard: The Alliance sent me to bring you in, Major. Can't you see this has gotten out of hand? Don't you understand you're endangering your followers?

谢泼德：少校，联盟派我来接你。难道你看不出来事情已经失控了吗？难道你不明白你正在危及你的追随者吗？

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect，Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Presrop:


under control

Don't worry; the police have been called and the situation is under control.

别担心，我们已经报警，情况已得到控制。

Throughout the turbulence encounter, the pilots kept the aircraft under control.

在整个遭遇乱流的过程中，飞行员始终控制着飞机。

The control rods absorb neutrons in the reactor core, keeping the fission reaction under control and preventing it from going prompt critical.

控制棒吸收反应堆堆芯中的中子，使裂变反应保持受控，并防止其迅速达到临界状态。


prey on

preys on (third-person singular present)
preying on (present participle)
preyed on (past participle)

Owls prey on small mammals, such as mice.

猫头鹰捕食小型哺乳动物，例如老鼠。


-fold

源自中古英語 -fold、-fald、-fauld，繼承自古英語 -feald，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *-falþaz，源自原始印歐語 *-poltos，源自 *pel- (“折疊”)。同源詞包括荷蘭語 -voud、瑞典語 -faldig、拉丁語 -plus、-plex、古希臘語 -παλτος (-paltos)、-πλος (-plos)、-πλόος (-plóos)。參見 fold。

有些人会用类似 "an increase by twofold" 的结构表示 "a twofold increase"。这可能会导致混淆，因为 "an increase by twofold" 的逻辑翻译意味着“原始金额增加200% ”，而后者意味着“增加到原始金额的200%”。应谨慎避免这种混淆。通常，-fold 不带介词。

在科学语境中，有时会在数字后面附加“-fold”（含义相同），例如 M.C. Stone 等人在 2010 年发表的一篇论文，其摘要中提到 "10-fold up-regulation of the number of growing microtubules"（生长微管数量增加到了原來的10倍）。

There has been a threefold increase in inflation

The cancer tissue in two of the ... specimens ... exhibited a dramatic 23-fold increase in the laminin-receptor-mRNA levels.
两个标本中的癌症组织显示层粘连蛋白受体mRNA水平急剧增加到了原來的23倍。

1991, Vittoria Cioce; Vince Castronovo; Barry M. Shmookler; et. al, Journal of the National Cancer Institute, "Increased Expression of the Laminin Receptor in Human Colon Cancer" [1]

"[Use] of a decimal without a zero to the left of the decimal (ie .5 instead of 0.5) has resulted in 10-fold error[.]

“[使用]小数点左边没有零的小数（即 .5 而不是 0.5）会导致10倍的误差[。]

2011，Joel. E. Houghlum，Principles of Pharmacology for Athletic Trainers:

Ezekiel outlines the harlotry of Judah followed by a thirty-two-fold judgment.

2013，Jerome Strong，Spiritual Musings II: Sermons, Musings & Exegesis:

Inflation has increased threefold

A publication ... entitled "The Sixth Financial and Economical Annual of Japan" ... issued in 1906 ... says: ¶ "...[O]ur export trade had in ... thirty-two years increased thirty-four-fold with Asia, twenty-three-fold with America, and five-fold with Europe[.]

1906年出版的《日本第六届财政经济年鉴》中写道：“三十二年来，我们与亚洲的出口贸易增长到了原來的三十四倍，与美洲的出口贸易增长到了原來的二十三倍，与欧洲的出口贸易增长到了原來的五倍。”

c. 1906，Silk Association of America，XXXV Annual Meeting of the Silk Association of America:

His potatoes yielded forty-onefold in 1816 and his barley thirty-twofold in 1818.

1816年，他的土豆产量增加到了原來的41倍，1818年，他的大麦产量增加到了原來的32倍。

2011，James R. Gibson，Farming the Frontier:

In contrast, the number of Asian foreign born would increase twenty-two-fold to more than 11 million, and the number of Latin American foreign born would increase twenty-three-fold to 22 million.

相比之下，出生于亚洲的外国人口数量将增加到原來的22倍，达到1100多万人，出生于拉丁美洲的外国人口数量将增加到原來的23倍，达到2200万人。

2014，Thomas R. Oliver，Guide to U.S. Health and Health Care Policy:


bases loaded

He's had four hits this week with the bases loaded.

本周他在满垒的情况下已经打出四支安打。


unidentified flying object

一般認為是美國空軍上尉愛德華·魯佩爾特 (1923–1960) 所造，用來代替 flying saucer 和 flying disk。

The lights seen over the city last night, originally termed unidentified flying objects, turned out to be spotlights from a car dealership reflecting on low clouds.

昨晚在城市上空看到的光亮最初被看作不明飞行物，后来被证实是一家汽车经销店发出的聚光灯反射在低云层上。

The U.S. and Canada are investigating three unidentified flying objects shot down over North America in the past three days. Militaries have adjusted radars to try to spot more incursions.

美国和加拿大正在调查过去三天在北美上空被击落的三架不明飞行物。军方已调整雷达以试图发现更多入侵事件。

2023年February12日，Julian E. Barnes, Helene Cooper, Edward Wong，“What’s Going On Up There? Theories but No Answers in Shootdowns of Mystery Craft.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


tip of the iceberg

漂浮在海面上的冰山通常只露出其十分之一體積。20世紀初的用法據信受到了泰坦尼克號撞擊冰山後沉沒事故的影響。

tips of icebergs (plural)
tips of the icebergs (plural)

/ˈtɪp‿əv ðiː ˈaɪsbɜːɡ/

/ˈtɪp‿əv ði ˈaɪsbɝɡ/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-tip of the iceberg.ogg

This is only the tip of the iceberg. Our time together can become much more exciting.

这只是冰山一角。我们在一起的时光可以变得更加精彩。

The exposed tip of the iceberg, the recognized illness that brings a man to his doctor, is relatively small compared with the hidden mass of undetected disease, or 'at risk' people, in the population.

暴露出来的冰山一角，即导致人们去看医生的已知疾病，与人群中未被发现的大量疾病或“高危”人群相比，相对较小。

1970，J. K. Brierley，“The Iceberg of Disease”, in Biology and the Social Crisis: A Social Biology for Everyman，第1st American版, Rutherford, N.J.: Fairleigh Dickinson University Press; Cranbury, N.J.: Associated University Presses, →ISBN，頁 117:

Records document nineteen legal cases involving the charge of sodomy and five executions from 1607 to 1740, although this is no doubt just the tip of the iceberg of actual incidents. Even the minimal evidence we do have suggests that ordinary people, in contrast to the ministers and legislators, did not always harshly judge people accused of same-sex sexuality.

记录显示，从1607年到1740年，有19起涉及鸡奸指控的法律案件和5起处决，尽管这无疑只是实际事件的冰山一角。即使我们掌握的最低限度的证据也表明，与牧师和立法者不同，普通人并不总是严厉地评判被指控同性恋的人。

1999，Leila J. Rupp，“In the Beginning: Same-sex Sexuality in Early America”, in A Desired Past: A Short History of Same-sex Love in America，Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN，頁 30:

[O]nly a tiny portion of disagreements—the proverbial tip of the iceberg—ever ends up in court. Most agreements drop out along the way, either because they are settled or because the allegedly wronged party decides that the potential costs of proceeding outweigh the potential benefits

只有一小部分（俗话说是冰山一角）分歧最终诉诸法庭。大多数协议在诉讼过程中被搁置，要么是因为已经达成和解，要么是因为据称受害的一方认为诉讼的潜在成本大于潜在收益

2001，Kathryn Hendley，“Beyond the Tip of the Iceberg: Business Disputes in Russia”, in Assessing the Value of Law in Transition Economies，Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan Press, →ISBN，頁 20:

This collection is not even the tip of the human remains iceberg, according to Damien Huffer, an adjunct research professor at Carleton University in Canada. Collectors across the world have much larger collections than JonsBones, he said, and the trade far predates TikTok.

加拿大卡尔顿大学兼职研究教授达 Damien Huffer 表示，这些藏品甚至还只是人类遗骸的冰山一角。他说，世界各地的收藏家拥有的藏品比乔恩斯的藏品多得多，而且这种贸易远早于 TikTok 的出现。

2021年October10日，Caroline Anders，“A TikTok bone salesman’s wall of spines reignites ethical debate over selling human remains”, in The Washington Post:


troppo

源自 tropical + -o (指小後綴)。最早由二戰時期在熱帶地區作戰的澳大利亞軍隊使用，意思是“受熱帶戰爭的影響”。

瘋狂的，發瘋的，行為怪異的（尤指因炎熱天氣引起的）

Barry′s gone troppo and married that sheila he′s only known for two weeks.

Barry 簡直瘋了，他跟認識才兩星期的女人結婚了。

After three months by himself on his ‘dream’ tropical island he went troppo and smashed all the equipment.

在他“梦想”的热带岛屿上独自待了三个月后，他发疯并砸坏了所有设备。

‘[…]She calls these rehearsals my singing lessons - but at least I don′t have people rushing in thinking I′ve gone troppo . . .’
‘Except me.’ Violet′s smile lingered as she gazed at him.

For a lone Digger gone troppo, as Joe is deemed to have done, it is a realistic scenario.

2009，Paul Tapp，Disquiet - the Justifiable Homicide of an Australian Vietnam Veteran，頁 121:

"[The Northern Territory has] got the same sort of flavour to it, probably a bit more frontier. Overall, it's the tropics and they go troppo. The beer's cold and the weather's hot and they drink too much.

2016年March15日，David Dale，“John Jarratt talks new show Territory Cops and a murderous return in Wolf Creek”, in The Sydney Morning Herald:


slaying

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-slaying.wav

The slaying of the civil rights activist brought a storm of protest.

这位民权活动人士的遇害引发了强烈的抗议。

Slay not your children, fearing a fall to poverty, We shall provide for them and for you. Lo! the slaying of them is great sin.

你们不要因为怕贫穷而杀害自己的儿女，我供给他们和你们。杀害他们确是大罪。

1930，Marmaduke Pickthall（譯者）, The Meaning of the Glorious Koran, surah 17, verse 31:


swear word

When I heard swear words from the next room, I decided to keep my distance.

当我听到隔壁房间传来的脏话时，我决定保持距离。


accusable

借自拉丁語 accūsābilis (“應受指責的，應受譴責的”)，等同於 accuse + -able；對比法語 accusable。

more accusable (comparative)
most accusable (superlative)

If you publish that article, you are accusable of libel.

如果你发表那篇文章，你就会被指控诽谤。


rubber stamp

一個人、組織或過程，例行地或沒有實權地做出決策或批准事務。

rubber stamp politics

rubber stamp committee


rubber stamp

用硬性橡皮所製成的印章。

The library had a rubber stamp to imprint the due date.

圖書館有一個橡皮圖章來印上截止日期。


rubber stamp

rubber stamps (third-person singular present)
rubber stamping (present participle)
rubber stamped (past participle)

例行公事地處理、批准或決定事務，而不是經過仔細考慮。

They usually just rubber stamp orders under $100.

他們通常例行公事地處理 100 美元以下的訂單。


sonically

The artifact was cleaned sonically in the ultrasonic cleaner tank in mere seconds.

仅用几秒钟的时间，文物就在超声波清洗槽中被清洗干净。


standard-bearer

The standard-bearer in battle is in the center of the front line so the following troops know where to go; unfortunately, it also shows the enemy where to shoot.

战斗中旗手位于前线的中央，以便跟在后面的部队知道要去哪里；不幸的是，它也向敌人显示了应该向哪里射击。

He became the standard-bearer for their cause because of his celebrity.

由于他的名人效应，他成为了他们事业的旗手。


rustle up

rustles up (third-person singular present)
rustling up (present participle)
rustled up (past participle)

I'll see if I can rustle up a meal before the guests start arriving in 30 minutes.

我看看能否在30分钟后客人到达之前准备好一顿饭。


call it a day

來自早期的 call it half a day（最早見於1834年），意思是在工作日结束前离开。

calls it a day (third-person singular present)
calling it a day (present participle)
called it a day (past participle)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-call it a day.ogg

結束，停止，收手 （自 1919 年）

We have been at this for hours; let’s call it a day and come back tomorrow when we are fresh.

我們已經做了好幾個小時了，今天就到這裡吧，明天精神好的時候再來。

“Do you often go looking for mice in other people’s rooms?” “I wouldn’t say often. Just when the spirit moves me, don’t you know?” “I see. Well…” When people say “Well” to you like that, it usually means that they think you are outstaying your welcome and that the time has come to call it a day. She felt, I could see, that Woosters were not required in her son’s sleeping apartment […]

1960，P. G. Wodehouse，Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VIII:

After suffering massive losses for three years in a row, the boss decided to call it a day, and sold his company.

在連續三年遭受巨額虧損之後，老闆決定收手，並賣掉了他的公司。


defluorinate

defluorinates (third-person singular present)
defluorinating (present participle)
defluorinated (past participle)

脫氟，去除所含有的氟或氟化物

Attempts to fuse and defluorinate rock phosphate by feeding the finely ground material into the flame of a blast lamp were not successful.

试图将磨碎的磷矿放入爆破灯的火焰中来熔化和脱氟，但没有成功。


school tie

Alumni of prestigious schools fondly wear their school ties as a badge of honor

名校校友们都喜欢佩戴学生领带，将其视为荣誉徽章


splendent

繼承自中古英語 splendaunt，源自古法語 splendiant（esplendiier 及 esplendent 的現在分詞），拉丁語 splendēns、splendentis（splendēre (“發光”) 的現在分詞）。

more splendent (comparative)
most splendent (superlative)

splendent planets

splendent metals


q.v.

源自拉丁語 quod videās，或源自quod vidē (字面意思是“其見”)，源自quod（quī (“什麼”) 的中性形式）+ vidē（videō (“我見”) 的命令式），或 videās（同一動詞的第二人稱現在虛擬式形式）。

參見；參照；參閱（建議讀者去查閱提及的文本以便獲取更多信息）。

This is described in more detail in Brown’s book on the subject (q.v.).

布朗在有关这个主题的书中对此进行了更详细的描述（可参见该处）。


superscribe

詞源樹
拉丁語 super-
拉丁語 scrībō
拉丁語 superscrīboder.
英語 superscribe
源自拉丁語 superscrībo (“覆寫”)。

superscribes (third-person singular present)
superscribing (present participle)
superscribed (past participle)

He superscribed each character with its Latin-alphabet equivalent.

他在每个字符上标注了其对应的拉丁字母。

在物体（如文件或信封）的外部写（某物）

His wife superscribed her own notes on each of his letters before sending them in packets to the editor.

他的妻子在他的每封信上都写上了自己的注释，然后把它们打包寄给编辑。


superabundance

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-superabundance.wav

We have not merely an abundance, but a superabundance of enemies at this time; they will need to stand in line to disagree with us.

此时，我们的敌人不只是很多，而是过多；他们需要排队来反对我们的意见。

Perhaps very young girls, who do not know what to do with a superabundance of affection, run up a kind of romantic liking for each other; but it never lasts—one good-looking young man would break up all the female friendships that ever were formed.

也许非常年轻的女孩，不知道如何处理过多的感情，会对彼此产生一种浪漫的爱慕；但这种爱慕不会持久——一个英俊的年轻男子会破坏所有女性之间的友谊。

1837，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，“Much Change in a Little Time”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […]，卷 I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁 74:

My friends, do you realize the meaning of VITAL POWER? Have you ever experienced that superabundance of health which breeds an intense satisfaction with life and all living things?

我的朋友们，你们了解活力的含义吗？你们是否体验过那种健康充沛的感觉，这种感觉滋生了对生活和所有生物的极大满足感？

1904，Bernarr Macfadden，“Preface”, in Building of Vital Power: Deep Breathing and a Complete System for Strengthening the Heart, Lungs, Stomach and All the Great Vital Organs，New York City: Physical Culture Publishing Company，頁 3:

Long silence not result of lack of interest. Lots of sickness, moving, superabundance of work, etc.

长时间的沉默不是因为缺乏兴趣，而是因为经常生病、搬家、工作过多等。

1977年December17日，“F and S in New Hampshire (personal advertisement)”, in Gay Community News，卷 5, 號 24，頁 14:


Jainism

Jainism is similar to other eastern religions in believing in reincarnation.

耆那教与其他东方宗教类似，相信轮回。

I know enough about Jainism to know that Jains are some of the most extreme vegetarians around.

我对耆那教有足够的了解，知道耆那教徒是周围最极端的素食主义者之一。

2020，Avni Doshi，Burnt Sugar，Hamish Hamilton，頁 55:


anodized

more anodized (comparative)
most anodized (superlative)

經過陽極氧化（用于装饰或保护）的

This deluxe machine features anodized aluminum handles on all adjusting levers.

这款豪华机器的所有调节杆上都配有经阳极氧化的铝制手柄。

(Clango): What is it like having an inferior thought process?
(Maura): You know there are nicer ways to phrase that question, my anodized chum.

2000，Richard Stevens，Diesel Sweeties (webcomic):


homeowner

As a plumber, I feel bad for the homeowner and his neighbors.

作为一名水管工，我为房主和他的邻居感到难过。

He advised homeowners to get insurance before then so they can be grandfathered in as discretionary buyers of flood insurance in a nonflood zone. Even when the new maps take effect, these homeowners will pay lower flood premiums than they otherwise would.

他建議業主在洪泛區改劃前投保，好讓他們沿承自願購買非洪水區水險的保費優惠。

2009年September4日，Joseph Berger，“Flood Zone Remapping Hits Hard on Long Island”, in The New York Times，存檔自the original on 2011-08-30:

The homeowner theorized that the intruders saw that the house was up for sale and targeted it for their rager.

房主推测，入侵者看到这所房子正在出售，因此将其作为袭击目标。

2022年June22日，Selim Algar，“Incensed owner of $8M Florida mansion ransacked by teens wants them prosecuted”, in New York Post，New York, N.Y.: News Corp, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2022-07-03:

The taxability of forgiven debt is set to become a pressing issue as more homeowners fall behind on their mortgages and face foreclosure.

随着越来越多的房主拖欠抵押贷款并面临丧失抵押品赎回权，免除债务征税将成为一个紧迫的问题。

2007年August24日，“Foreclosure and Taxes”, in The New York Times:


shutting

openings and shuttings of doors


jit

Wusgood witchu jit?

And if they leave the cul-de-sac, then, jit I promise to rebel

如果他们离开死胡同，那么兄弟，我保证会反抗

2023年August4日，“Emo Jit” (音軌號 8，開頭起2:06，), in BLP Kosher 作詞, Bars Mitzva:


ADHD

more ADHD (comparative)
most ADHD (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-ADHD.wav

an ADHD person

一名注意力不足過動症患者


evar

That was the best party evar!!1!!!1!

那是我參加過的最好的派對！！1！！！1！


arrabbiata

借自意大利語，arrabbiato (“憤怒的”) 的陰性形式；參見 rabbia (“憤怒”)。

/ˌaɹəˈbjɑːtə/

/ˌɑɹəbiˈɑːtə/

加大蒜、西红柿和辣椒，烹製出帶辣味的

Chicken arrabbiata was served on steaming fettuccine.

热气腾腾的意大利宽面条上盛放着香辣茄酱鸡肉。


if it ain't broke, don't fix it

首次記錄於約1962年，最初源自美國南部英語；1977年5月因伯特·蘭斯而流行起來。

沒壞別修；對於已經運作良好的事物，最明智的做法是不去改動，避免試圖糾正、修理或改進（常暗示這種改進嘗試是有風險的，可能適得其反）。

I know it’s an ugly-looking antenna, but it gets the job done, and if it ain't broke, don't fix it.

我知道這個天線看起來很醜，但是它能正常工作，所以既然沒壞就別去修它。


supportive

more supportive (comparative)
most supportive (superlative)

I had a very supportive coach who helped me.

我有一位非常支持我的教练，他帮助了我。

But the most seismic change is the shift to being supportive of open access. In practice, most of the industry has collectively opposed this for the past 25 years. The Department for Transport has been particularly hostile, seeing it as little more than cherry-picking.

但最重大的变化是转向支持开放获取。实际上，过去25年来，大多数行业都集体反对这一做法。交通部尤其持敌对态度，认为这不过是挑三拣四罢了。

2023年February22日，Sir Michael Holden，“Comment: A farewell to micro-management”, in RAIL，期 977，頁 3:


kneed

有膝蓋的；(用於複合詞中) 有（具體某種形式的）膝蓋的

a kneed biped; a knobbly-kneed boy

有膝盖的两足动物；膝盖多疙瘩的男孩


grown

more grown (comparative)
most grown (superlative)

What once was a farm was grown with trees.

這片曾是農場的地方長滿了樹。


teens

來自 thirteen (“十三”) 到 nineteen (“十九”) 的數字尾音節。參見 teen。

十三到十九之間的數字；十幾

The number of people at the meeting was in the teens.

She is in her teens.

Although it was a scorching desert by day, temperatures could drop as low as the teens at night.

白天这里是炎热的沙漠，但夜间气温却可降至十几度。


evolutionary

The evolutionary history of marine mammals includes land-dwelling ancestors.

海洋哺乳动物的进化史包括其在陆地的祖先。

It is likely that the long evolutionary trajectory of Mycoplasma went from a reductive autotroph to oxidative heterotroph to a cell-wall–defective degenerate parasite. This evolutionary trajectory assumes the simplicity to complexity route of biogenesis, a point of view that is not universally accepted.

支原体的漫长进化轨迹很可能是从还原性自养生物进化为氧化异养生物，再进化为细胞壁缺陷的退化寄生虫。这一进化轨迹假设了从简单到复杂的生物发生路径，但这一观点并未得到普遍接受。

2013年March13日，Harold J. Morowitz，“The Smallest Cell”, in American Scientist，卷 101, 期 2，存檔自the original on 2017-01-04，頁 83:


strictly

strictlier (comparative)
more strictly (comparative)
strictliest (superlative)
most strictly (superlative)

He adhered strictly to the diet his doctor prescribed.

他严格遵守医生所制定的饮食计划。

That term refers strictly to smaller birds.

该术语狭义上指较小的鸟类。


somehow

有时加上 or other、or another 或 or the other 来表示不确定。

以某種（未知的）方式或原因；不知怎的

This problem has to be tackled somehow.

必须以某种方式解决这个问题。

We don't know how he's still alive after the accident, but somehow he is.

我们不知道事故发生后他为什么还活着，但他确实不知为何活了下来。

It’s not by accident Edward wrote “The Goat,” “The Zoo Story” or “Seascape,” with its two lizards, Sarah and Leslie. In fact, in all of his plays the animal is pretty prominent, somehow or other.
爱德华创作《山羊》、《动物园故事》或《海景》时，其中有两只蜥蜴，莎拉和莱斯利，这并非偶然。事实上，在他的所有戏剧中，动物都相当突出，不知何故。

December 1, 2016, Tom Donaghy writing in The New York Times, Tender Side of Edward Albee

Carried somehow, somewhither, for some reason, on these surging floods, were these travelers, of errand not wholly obvious to their fellows, yet of such sort as to call into query alike the nature of their errand and their own relations.

1910，Emerson Hough，章號 II, in The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise，Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

Have I not loathed to live again and said
It would have been far better to be dead,
 And yet somehow, I know not why,
Remained afraid to die!

我曾厌恶继续活下去，并说过“死了更好”，但不知为何，我仍旧害怕死亡！

Although youngest of the family, he has somehow or other got the entire management of all the others.

虽然他是家里最小的孩子，但他却以某种方式全面管理着其他所有人。


sufficiently

more sufficiently (comparative)
most sufficiently (superlative)

Once we had eaten and drunk sufficiently, we padded off to sleep.

吃饱喝足之后，我们就去睡觉了。

We wanted to build a tepee, but we couldn't find sufficiently long sticks.

我们想搭建一个帐篷，但找不到足够长的木棍。

Sunning himself on the board steps, I saw for the first time Mr. Farquhar Fenelon Cooke.[…]A silver snaffle on a heavy leather watch guard which connected the pockets of his corduroy waistcoat, together with a huge gold stirrup in his Ascot tie, sufficiently proclaimed his tastes.

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 2, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:

I prefer to think that birds have a sufficiently developed sense of humour to enjoy the spectacle of a human being hunched beneath a bush kissing the back of their hand.

我更愿意认为鸟类具有足够发达的幽默感，能够欣赏人类弯腰伏在灌木丛下亲吻它们手背的景象。

1980，Bill Oddie，Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book，頁 112:

There are those who value a seat sufficiently highly that they prefer to make their daily journeys by the Western Region Vine Street line.

有些人非常看重座位，因此他们更喜欢每天乘坐西区 Vine Street 线。

1952 March，R. K. Kirkland，“The Railways of Uxbridge”, in Railway Magazine，頁 150:

Attempts by Waterloo signalmen to clear the points by power operation eventually exhausted point motor batteries, which are fed by trickle chargers, and a blown fuse accentuated the problem; thus, even when the points had been cleared of ice, no power was available to operate them until the batteries were sufficiently recharged.

滑铁卢信号员尝试通过电力操作清理道岔，但最终耗尽了由涓流充电器供电的道岔电机电池，而保险丝烧断使问题更加严重；因此，即使道岔上的冰已经清理干净，在电池充分充电之前，也没有电力可供操作。

1962 March，“The New Year Freeze-up on British Railways”, in Modern Railways，頁 159:


sporting

more sporting (comparative)
most sporting (superlative)

He got a job in a sporting goods store.

他在一家体育用品商店找到了一份工作。

Quite sporting of you to call that foul on yourself.

你自稱犯規，真有體育風尚。

It was very sporting of her to let us off like that.

她这样放过我们，真是太客气了。


longtime

more longtime (comparative)
most longtime (superlative)

My longtime friend, since birth actually, called and gently broke the bad news to me.

我的一位老友，应该说从出生就认识的朋友，打电话给我，温柔地告诉我这个坏消息。

longtime favorite

It was an outgrowth of Jobs's embrace of 60's counterculturalism -- he was a longtime, and rather irritating, vegetarian and lived in a commune.

这是乔布斯拥抱60年代反主流文化主义的产物——他是一个长期，而且多少有点恼人的素食主义者，他还住在公社里。

2000年October8日，James Poniewozik，“Operating System”, in The New York Times:

Criminal justice reform has become a national topic of discussion given recent police killings of Black men, and Jones points out that he's been a longtime activist on this issue, with his experience in Palo Alto and as an NAACP youth organizer. Also, he notes, as a Black man, "People like me are overpoliced, overarrested, overprosecuted."

鉴于最近发生的黑人被警察杀害的事件，刑事司法改革已成为全国讨论的话题，琼斯称，他长期以来一直是这一问题的积极分子，他在帕洛阿尔托已有这方面的经验，并且是全国有色人种协进会的青年组织者。他还指出，作为一名黑人，“像我这样的人受到过度监管、过度逮捕和过度起诉。”

2020年June22日，Trudy Ring，“Mondaire Jones Could Be the Nation's First Black Gay Congressman”, in The Advocate:


longtime

longtime married


info

I need all the info about the case by 6, sharpish.

我需要在6点之前尽快获得有关此案的所有信息。


thankfully

繼承自中古英語 thankfully、thankefully、þonkfulliche，繼承自古英語 þancfullīċe，等價於 thankful + -ly。

more thankfully (comparative)
most thankfully (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-thankfully.wav

I was almost late for work, but thankfully there wasn't much traffic on the roads.

我上班差点迟到，但值得庆幸的是路上车辆不多。


supposedly

根據某些人的信念或主張；應該；據說；可能；按照推測

People from other planets have supposedly visited Earth in flying saucers.

据称，外星人类曾乘坐飞碟访问过地球。

According to your testimony, you were supposedly at home watching TV when the murder occurred.

根据您的证词，谋杀案发生时您正待在家里看电视。

France were supposedly a team in pieces, beaten by Tonga just a week ago and with coach Marc Lievremont publicly berating his players, but so clear-cut was their victory that much of the atmosphere had been sucked from the contest long before the end.

法国队一周前被汤加队击败，主教练马克·里夫雷蒙公开斥责队员，按理说这应该是支有点支离破碎的队伍，但这回他们的胜利太明显了，比赛还没结束，气氛就已经消失了。

2011，Tom Fordyce，Rugby World Cup 2011: England 12-19 France:

I haven't booked, so I don't have a clue as to whether the service will be busy or not. Supposedly, reservations are compulsory, but I want to find out what would happen if you just turn up.

2020年December2日，Paul Bigland，“My weirdest and wackiest Rover yet”, in Rail，頁 68:

用於代替“supposed to be”，一般是用於非正式或口語場合，常是口誤

My parents told me I am supposedly in bed by 10 P.M.

我父母告诉我晚上10点就该睡觉了


tactical

a tactical nuclear weapon


exclusively

繼承自中古英語 exclusyvely；等同於 exclusive + -ly。

more exclusively (comparative)
most exclusively (superlative)

These new shoes are made exclusively out of recycled cardboard.

这款新鞋完全由再生纸板制成。

Every photographer of experience has his own theories and methods of working, but for the last 14 years I have used a Leica exclusively, and have found it best adapted to the somewhat exacting demands of railway photography, which is by no means an easy branch of the art.

每位经验丰富的摄影师都有自己的工作理论和方法，但在过去的14年里，我一直使用徕卡相机，发现它最适合铁路摄影的严格要求，而这绝不是一门简单的艺术分支。

1952 February，H. C. Casserley，“Permanent Wayfarings”, in Railway Magazine，頁 78:

For instance, the little bush moa fed nearly exclusively on forest vegetation, whereas the heavy-footed moa was a grazer in open vegetation habitats.

例如，小灌木恐鸟几乎只以森林植被为食，而重足恐鸟则在开阔的植被栖息地吃草。


ethic

繼承自中古英語 etik、ethik，源自古法語 ethique，源自晚期拉丁語 ēthica，源自古希臘語 ἠθική (ēthikḗ)，源自 ἠθικός (ēthikós，“道德的；表現出性格的”)，源自 ἦθος (êthos，“性格、道德本性”)。

有時會和 ethnic 混淆。

The Protestant work ethic.

I think the golden rule is a great ethic.

我認為恕道是一種偉大的倫理標準。


health care

I think free health care should also cover nearsightedness.

我认为免费医疗也应该涵盖近视治疗。

In 2009, the Obama Administration released guidelines on enhanced interrogation written in 2003 and 2004 by the CIA Office of Medical Services. ^((OMS).1-3(appendix F)) The OMS guidelines, even in redacted form, and opinions from the US Department of Justice's (DOJ’s) Office of Legal Counsel show that CIA physicians, psychologists, and other health care personnel had important roles in enhanced interrogation.

2009 年，奥巴马政府公布了中央情报局医疗服务办公室（OMS）于2003年和2004年制定的强化审讯指南。^((OMS).1-3(appendix F)) OMS指南（即便是删节版）和美国司法部（DOJ）法律顾问办公室的意见都表明，中央情报局的医生、心理学家和其他医疗保健人员在强化审讯中发挥了重要作用。

2010年August4日，Leonard S. Rubenstein, JD, Stephen N. Xenakis, MD，“The Ethics of Enhanced Interrogations and Torture: A Reappraisal of the Argument”, in JAMA，卷 304, 期 5, American Medical Association, →DOI，頁s 569–570:


flawed

more flawed (comparative)
most flawed (superlative)

Flawed diamonds are generally not used in jewellery.

有瑕疵的钻石一般不用于制作珠宝。

His design for a perpetual motion machine is flawed because water does not flow uphill.

他设计的永动机存在缺陷，因为水不会向上流动。

He presents Hitler’s rise as an element of the collapse of a republic confronting dilemmas of globalization with imperfect instruments and flawed leaders.

他认为希特勒的崛起是共和国崩溃的一个因素，因为该国面临着全球化困境，其手段不完善，领导人也有缺陷。

2018年June14日，Timothy Snyder，“How Did the Nazis Gain Power in Germany? [纳粹是如何在德国掌权的？]”, in The New York Times:

Yet he was correct on every point, meaning that the Plan was deeply flawed from the start.

然而，他的每一点都是正确的，这意味着该计划从一开始就存在严重缺陷。

2023年March8日，David Clough，“The long road that led to Beeching”, in RAIL，期 978，頁 42:


booch

After a night of worrying, nothing soothes the stomach like a tangy bottle of ginger booch.

经过一夜的忧虑之后，没有什么比一瓶浓烈的姜汁普茶更能舒缓胃部了。

想要给你的普茶加点儿酒？试着来做康普茶鸡尾酒吧。

2015年March1日，M. Carrie Allan，“Want hooch with your booch? Make a kombucha cocktail.”, in The Washington Post，存檔自the original on 2019-09-22:

And, of course, bottles make transporting the booch much easier than lugging around a gallon jar or a continuous brewer!

当然了，把普茶装进瓶子里带走，可比拖着一加仑的罐子或者一直开着的冲泡机要方便多了！

2016，Hannah Crum, Alex LaGory，The Big Book of Kombucha: Brewing, Flavoring, and Enjoying the Health Benefits of Fermented Tea，Storey Publishing, →ISBN，頁 131:

SeekNorth separates the alcohol content from the kombucha without affecting the probiotic or nutrient profile, making them one of the only virtually alcohol-free booch brands.

SeekNorth 将酒精成分与康普茶分离，而不会影响益生菌或营养成分，使其成为极少数几乎不含酒精的普茶品牌之一。

2019年November1日，Claudia Larsen，“The Booch Belt: Hudson Valley Kombucha Brewers”, in Chronogram，存檔自the original on 2019-11-05:


allege

繼承自中古英語 aleggen，可能源自古法語 alleguer，或源自盎格魯-諾曼語 aleger，詞形可能源自古法語 esligier (“宣告无罪”)，源自中世紀拉丁語 *exlītigāre (“依法结案”)，源自拉丁語 ex (“出”) + lītigō (“依法起诉”)，但意思則來自古法語 alleguer，源自拉丁語 allēgāre (“派遣使团，代表；述及、提及、引证”)，源自 ad (“到，向，往”) + lēgō (“派遣，寄送”)。

alleges (third-person singular present)
alleging (present participle)
alleged (past participle)

宣稱，聲稱，斷言；指責，指控

The agency alleged that my credit history had problems.

该机构声称我的信用记录有问题。


Parthian Empire

The Parthian Empire became involved in an extended period of conflict with the Roman Republic and Empire that lasted for three centuries, until the latter eventually prevailed.

安息帝國與羅馬共和國及帝國之間發生了長達三個世紀的衝突，最終羅馬帝國取得了勝利。

He not only seized former Seleucid Iran, but added Mesopotamia to the Parthian Empire.

他不僅佔領了先前位於古伊朗的塞琉古帝國，還將美索不達米亞併入安息帝國。

1993，Michael Pfrommer，Metalwork from the Hellenized East: Catalogue of the Collections，Getty Publications，頁 1:

Mithridates, who was one of Arsaces' successors, conquered Persia, Mesopotamia and Armenia, thereby founding the Parthian Empire.

米特里达梯是阿尔沙克的继承者之一，他征服了波斯、美索不达米亚和亚美尼亚，从而建立了安息帝国。

2005，Angelina Chavez Irapta, Cecilio D. Duka，Introduction to Asia: History, Culture, and Civilization，Rex Book Store，頁 39:

The plague contributed to the subsequent weakness of the Roman Empire and killed at least one emperor: Claudius Gothicus, who died in 270. The effect on the Parthian Empire is unrecorded but presumably was equally debilitating.

这场瘟疫加剧了罗马帝国的衰弱，并导致至少一位皇帝丧命：克劳狄乌斯·哥提库斯，他于270年去世。这场瘟疫对安息帝国的影响没有记载，但可能同样具有破坏性。

2014，Philip Matyszak，The Roman Empire，Oneworld Publications，頁 143:


perceived

The perceived wisdom is that people do not go in large numbers to black-and-white movies anymore

人们普遍认为，现在人们不再大量去看黑白电影了

In his submission to the UN, [Christof] Heyns points to the experience of drones. Unmanned aerial vehicles were intended initially only for surveillance, and their use for offensive purposes was prohibited, yet once strategists realised their perceived advantages as a means of carrying out targeted killings, all objections were swept out of the way.

2013年June7日，Ed Pilkington，“‘Killer robots’ should be banned in advance, UN told”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 26，頁 6:

In product design, where one deals with real, physical objects, there can be both real and perceived affordances, and the two need not be the same.

在产品设计中，人们处理的是真实的物理对象，既可以有真实的可供性，也可以有感知的可供性，两者不必相同。

Anger is a natural response in humans to perceived or actual threat or provocation.

愤怒是人类对感知到的或实际的威胁或挑衅的自然反应。


showing

繼承自中古英語 schewyng、schewinge，繼承自古英語 sċēawung (“看着、沉思、考虑；尊重、重视；调查、检查；展示、外表、伪装”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *skauwungu，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *skawwungō，等價於 show + -ing。同源詞包括荷蘭語 schouwing (“检查、调查”)、德語 Schauung (“視覺”)。

We went to the midnight showing of the new horror movie.

我们去看了午夜场的新恐怖电影。

He made a poor showing at his first time at bat.


diminished

more diminished (comparative)
most diminished (superlative)

The diminished Roman Empire never recovered from the sack of Rome.

衰落的罗马帝国再未从罗马被劫之后恢复过来。

Another well-known express to disappear on the same date was the Blue Comet of the Central of New Jersey, an all-coach luxury express which operated between New York and Atlantic City; in this case the reason is diminished patronage.

同一天停运的另一趟著名快车是新泽西中央铁路的蓝色彗星号，这是一条往返于纽约和大西洋城之间的全车厢豪华快车，此次被砍掉的原因是客流减少。

1942 May-June，“Notes and News: War and the American Railways”, in Railway Magazine，頁 184:

She felt diminished by the report card.

成绩单让她感觉受到了贬低。


overloud

more overloud (comparative)
most overloud (superlative)

The overloud music annoyed the patrons who wanted to talk.

过响的音乐打扰了那些想要交谈的顾客。


recurring

more recurring (comparative)
most recurring (superlative)

He has recurring asthma attacks.

Revenge is a recurring theme in this novel.

复仇是这部小说中反复出现的主题。

Every rational number can be written as either a terminating decimal or a recurring decimal.

每个有理数都可以写成有限小数或循环小数。


stopping

constant startings and stoppings

an amalgam stopping

curious antiquaries, sifting the ruins of time, when London is a grass-grown path and all those hurrying along the pavement this Wednesday morning are but bones with a few wedding rings mixed up in their dust and the gold stoppings of innumerable decayed teeth

1925，Virginia Woolf，Mrs. Dalloway，Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc.，頁 23:

Then one day a big stopping came out of one of my back teeth.

然后有一天，我一颗后牙上的一大块填料掉了下来。

1958，Henno Martin，譯者 Edward Fitzgerald, The Sheltering Desert，New York: Thomas Nelson，頁 125:


undercooked

more undercooked (comparative)
most undercooked (superlative)

烹飪的火候不夠的；沒煮熟的

I can't eat this chicken – it's undercooked.

這雞肉我吃不了——都沒煮熟。

The broccoli was nicely undercooked.

西蘭花生得很好，沒有煮熟。

For the main course, order any of the fresh fish from the blackboard; the swordfish is always wonderful (and nicely undercooked, unless you specify otherwise).

1987 April，“Restaurants”, in Orange Coast Magazine，卷 13, 號 4，頁 80:

The yellowfin tuna at a seaside restaurant is nicely undercooked.

2008，Robert D. Temple，Edge Effects: The Border-name Places，頁 214:

She had fixed me a light supper — perfectly undercooked scrambled eggs, rye toast, a sliced orange, and a wedge of gouda cheese.

她给我准备了一顿清淡的晚餐——生得恰到好处的炒鸡蛋、黑麦吐司、一片橙子和一块高达奶酪。

2020，Harold Fickett，The Holy Fool: A Novel，頁 127:

His stage portrayal of Hamlet was distinctly undercooked.

他在舞台上对哈姆雷特的演绎明显不够完美。


deaf and dumb

He was born deaf and dumb.


spastic

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 spasticus，來自古希臘語 σπαστικός (spastikós，“抽搐”)。By surface analysis, spasm + -tic。比較法語 spastique；參見 spasm。

more spastic (comparative)
most spastic (superlative)

笨拙的，身體不協調的；無能的

John said 'so spastic' after Ken dropped down the ball carelessly.

肯不小心把球掉在地上，約翰說他動作太笨拙了。


spook

借自荷蘭語 spook (“幽灵，鬼魂”)，源自中古荷蘭語 spooc (“幽灵，鬼魂”)。同源詞包括中古低地德語 spôk、spûk (“幽灵，鬼魂”)、中古高地德語 gespük (“鬧鬼”)、德語 Spuk、丹麥語 spøge (“鬧鬼”)、瑞典語 spöke (“幽灵，鬼魂”)。

The building was haunted by a couple of spooks.

这座建筑被两个鬼魂所困扰。

The big spider gave me a spook.

那只大蜘蛛让我惊慌失措。


spook

spooks (third-person singular present)
spooking (present participle)
spooked (past participle)

The hunters were spooked when the black cat crossed their path. The movement in the bushes spooked the deer and they ran.

当黑猫经过时，猎人们被吓坏了。灌木丛中的动静吓坏了鹿，它们赶紧逃跑了。

As that was happening, an East Midlands train came through at 90mph. George [a Labrador] was spooked as the train went past him and ran backwards across the neighbouring slow lines and off towards the sidings.

就在这时，一列东米德兰列车以每小时 90 英里的速度驶过。火车从乔治（一只拉布拉多犬）身边驶过时，他吓坏了，向后跑过邻近的慢速铁路线，冲向侧线。

2022年August10日，“Stop & Examine”, in RAIL，期 963，頁 71:

The deer spooked at the sound of the dogs.

鹿听到狗的叫声就受惊了。


slant

晚期中古英語詞彙，源自早期方言 slent 的異體，源自古諾爾斯語或其他北日耳曼語支語言，與古諾爾斯語 slent、瑞典語 slinta (“滑落”)、挪威語 slenta (“倒在一边”) 同源，源自原始日耳曼語 *slintaną。可能受 aslant 的影響。

The house was built on a bit of a slant and was never quite level.

这所房子建得有点倾斜，而且不太平整。

It was a well written article, but it had a bit of a leftist slant.

这是一篇写得很好的文章，但有点左倾。


slant

slants (third-person singular present)
slanting (present participle)
slanted (past participle)

If you slant the track a little more, the marble will roll down it faster.

如果将轨道稍微倾斜一些，弹珠就会滚得更快。

On the side of yonder slanting hill

The group tends to slant its policies in favor of the big businesses it serves.

该组织倾向于使其政策偏向于其所服务的大企业。


baths

设有公共游泳池或淋浴设施的建筑物；最初是一个设有独立隔间的场所，没有浴室的人可以在此洗澡

There is a baths on the other side of the road.


airfare

I'd love to visit Paris, but I can't afford the airfare.

我很想去巴黎，但我买不起机票。


busty

源自 bust (“胸部，乳房”) + -y。

bustier (comparative)
bustiest (superlative)

I could see a busty blonde at the end of the boardwalk.

我在木板路的尽头看见了一位胸部丰满的金发女郎。


agreed

more agreed (comparative)
most agreed (superlative)

We are much more agreed on goals than on methods.

我们对目标的认同度远高于方法。

Grammarians are agreed that contact clauses are a paratactic construction of two independent clauses.

语法学家一致认为，接触小句是两个独立小句的并列结构。


agreed

Totally agreed!


amended

more amended (comparative)
most amended (superlative)

We voted on the amended bill, and it passed.

我们对修改后的法案进行了投票，并且获得通过。


suavity

繼承自中古英語 suavyte、suavite、suavitee，源自中古法語 suavité、拉丁語 suāvitas。

suavity of manners

suavity of language, conversation, or address

[...] nothing, not even the crude curves of the railway, can utterly deform the suavity of contour of one bay after another along the whole reach of the Riviera.

[…] 没有什么，即使是铁路的粗糙曲线，也不能彻底改变整个里维埃拉地区一个又一个海湾的柔和轮廓。

1881，Robert Louis Stevenson，Virginibus Puerisque:


babes

babe (“寶貝，親愛的”)的另一種寫法

Are you all right, babes?


asking

繼承自中古英語 asking、askyng、askynge，繼承自古英語 āscung (“询问；问题”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *aiskungu，等價於 ask + -ing。

一般用其复数形式，或见于 for the asking 或 time of asking 等短语。

His asking was greeted with silence.

他的询问得到的只是沉默。

The large eyes sought his own, as if asking for help, and yet unable to do more than look their mute asking.

1837，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，“An Evening Alone”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […]，卷 I, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁 303:

Form's silent asking, man's loving speech, the mute proclamation of the creature, are all gates leading into the presence of the Word.

If someone asks for love he will not get love, because the very asking makes him unlovely, ugly; the very fact of asking becomes the barrier.

如果有人要求得到爱，他将得不到爱，因为要求本身就让他变得不可爱、丑陋；要求这个事实本身就成为了障碍。

2023，Osho，Meditation: The Art of Ecstasy，頁 89:


approved

Employees' approved expense claims will be reimbursed by the 4th of the following month.

经批准的员工费用报销将在下个月4号之前完成。


fanny

起於19世紀。最终源自 Fanny，名字 Frances 的暱稱。對照dick、John Thomas、mickey。

在北美用法中，这是指臀部的最温和的委婉说法，适合在与小孩交谈时使用。在其他地方，这是对女性生殖器和性的粗俗直接提及。

女陰，屄 （自1830年代）

Her dress was so short you could nearly see her fanny.

她的裙子太短了，下面都快露出來了。

屁股，臀部 （自1910年代）

Children, sit down on your fannies, and eat your lunch.

孩子们，屁股坐好了，该吃午餐了。

Get off your fanny and get back to work!

別再無所事事了，回去幹活兒！

get some fanny tonight

This club is full of fanny.

這家俱樂部到處都是女的。


welcomed

more welcomed (comparative)
most welcomed (superlative)

I felt so welcomed at your party last night.

我昨晚参加你的聚会后感到很受欢迎。


attenuated

more attenuated (comparative)
most attenuated (superlative)

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

unattenuated

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的

減弱的；衰減的；漸漸虛弱的 感染力减弱的；不再能自我複製的

attenuated power

She had become spiritualized in mind, even as she had grown attenuated in person.

尽管她本人已经变得虚弱，但她的内心却变得精神化了。

1835，William Gilmore Simms，The Partisan，Harper, Chapter XI，頁 140:

To conclude otherwise requires accepting an attenuated fiction that commingling funds in an account, even if done decades earlier, means the account today still contains funds attributable to the sale of expropriated property.

2025, Sonia Sotomayor (writing for a unanimous Supreme Court of the United States), Opinion of the Court in Republic of Hungary et al. v. Simon et al., № 23—867, 2025-02-21

同類詞：nonlive、killed

近義詞：nonreplicating

the live attenuated type of vaccines


twatting

When are they going to fix that twatting coffee machine?

他们什么时候才能修好那台该死的咖啡机？


classifieds

报纸、杂志或网站上刊登分类广告的部分

He ran an ad in the classifieds.

他在分类广告版上登了一则广告。


divulgator

Good journalists can be important divulgators of knowledge

优秀的记者可以成为重要的知识传播者

In the tongue wherein Christ spake these words, namely the Syriac, the fittest word that He could find to signify the devil’s name, is a word that signifies divulgator

1841，Lancelot Andrews，Ninety-six Sermons by The Right Honourable and Reversed Father in God，John Henry Parker，頁 482:

In short, when his total activity is weighed, his role as a literary divulgator and mentor must be taken into consideration.

简而言之，衡量他的全部活动时，必须考虑到他作为文学传播者和导师的角色。

1970，Martin S. Stabb，Jorge Luis Borges (引文語言：英語; 文獻語言：英語), New York: Twayne Publishers，頁 57:


get out of here

gets out of here (third-person singular present)
getting out of here (present participle)
got out of here (past)
got out of here
gotten out of here

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-get out of here.ogg

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见get、out of、here：從這裡離開

If you're smart, don't sign the employment contract. Just get out of here while you still can.

如果你够聪明，就不要签雇佣合同。趁你还能走的时候赶紧离开这里。


get out of here

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见get、out of、here：滾開

Get out of here and don't come back!

Did she really say that? Get out of here!

她真那麼說了嗎？難以置信！


get out of

gets out of (third-person singular present)
getting out of (present participle)
got out of (past)
got out of
gotten out of

All the occupants managed to get out of the burning building.

所有人员都设法逃离了燃烧的建筑物。

Only movie criminals get out of handcuffs.

只有电影里的罪犯才能挣脱手铐。

I can't get out of this notion that she may have known all along.

我无法摆脱这种想法：她可能一直都知道。

Don't try getting out of our dinner party. You're coming!

別想著躲過我們的晚宴了。你得來！

I only cheat so I can get out of doing work.

我作弊只是为了逃避工作。

Is there any way I can get out of Saturdays?

有沒有方法能讓我逃過星期六？


look into

looks into (third-person singular present)
looking into (present participle)
looked into (past participle)

If you are buying a new car, you might want to look into getting a hybrid or other high-efficiency vehicle.

如果您要购买新车，您可能需要考虑购买混合动力汽车或其他高效汽车。

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见look、into。

He looked into her eyes.


check over

checks over (third-person singular present)
checking over (present participle)
checked over (past participle)

檢查，核對（是否有錯或有問題）

Can you check this over before I turn it in?

在我交上去之前，你能检查一下吗？

The nurse checked him over to be sure he didn't have any serious injuries.

护士对他进行了检查，以确保他没有受重伤。


paint over

paints over (third-person singular present)
painting over (present participle)
painted over (past participle)

He painted over the graffiti on the wall.


call over

calls over (third-person singular present)
calling over (present participle)
called over (past participle)

把……叫到身邊來，叫……過來

I sit a few desks away from him, and he called me over to ask my opinion about something.

我坐在离他几张桌子远的地方，他叫我过去询问我对某件事的看法。


annoyingly

more annoyingly (comparative)
most annoyingly (superlative)

/ʌˈnɔɪjɪŋli/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-annoyingly.wav

Flies buzzed annoyingly around my head.

苍蝇在我头上嗡嗡地飞，真烦人。


tradable

more tradable (comparative)
most tradable (superlative)

Oil is a tradable commodity.

石油是一种可交易的商品。


tradable

What is the price of the tradable?


eventide

繼承自中古英語 eventyde，繼承自古英語 ǣfentīd，派生自 ǣfen (“傍晚，晚上”) + tīd (“時間”)。By surface analysis, even + -tide。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-eventide.wav

The mist rises from the lake at eventide.

黄昏时分，湖面上雾气升腾。


kick the bucket

字面意思是「踢桶」。對其來源，有許多種說法，《牛津英語詞典》給出了以下幾種：
* 人站在桶上，头套在套索里，踢开桶后便能自杀。但《牛津英語詞典》表示这只是一个猜测；
* bucket 的有个古旧用法，指横梁，猪被宰杀前被倒挂在横梁上，而 kick the bucket 最初表示猪的垂死挣扎。《牛津英語詞典》认为这个理论更合理。
罗马天主教主教阿博特·霍恩则提出了另一种理论。

kicks the bucket (third-person singular present)
kicking the bucket (present participle)
kicked the bucket (past participle)

/ˈkɪk ðə ˈbʌkɪt/

The old horse finally kicked the bucket.

My posthumous book Allegorizings, which will go to press in London and New York the minute I kick the bucket, is loosely governed by my growing conviction that almost nothing in life is only what it seems. It contains nothing revelatory at all.

我死后不久，我的遗作《寓言》将在伦敦和纽约付印。这本书大致上都在传达我日益增长的信念，那就是生活中几乎没有什么事情和是表面一样的。里头根本没有什么启发性的内容。

2015年April22日，Sam Jordison，引 Jan Morris, “Jan Morris talks about Venice”, in The Guardian:

I think my sewing machine has kicked the bucket.

我覺得我這台縫紉機算是徹底壞了。


bucket list

源自 bucket + list。
*義項1：可能暗指一个概念性的桶，里面放着以后要处理的任务。
*義項2：來自 kick the bucket (“死亡，去世”)，bucket 可能指横梁，猪被宰杀后，被倒挂在上面（可能源自古法語 buquet (“天平；投石机”)）。1999年由美國及英國的編劇賈斯汀·查克漢造出，当时他写了一个草稿，叫“贾斯汀死前要做的事情清单”（“Justin’s List of Things to Do before I Kick the Bucket”），后来缩短成“Justin’s Bucket List”。清单上的第一项是让好莱坞的一家大电影公司制作一个剧本。几年后，他突然想到“bucket list”这个概念可以作为一部电影的基础，于是他写了一个剧本，讲述两个濒死的男人在生命的最后一刻互相完成他们自己的遗愿清单的故事，这部剧本后来成为了电影《遗愿清单》 (2007)。也正是这部电影让这个用法流行起来。

遗愿清单，平生梦想单，一个人在死之前想要做的所有事情的清单 （自20世紀末）
在一定期限之前或一定时间内要完成的事情清单

同類詞：dream list、wish list

I have so many things on my bucket list yet to do.

在我的遗愿清单上，还有许多事情沒做过。

Q: What projects are you working on now and in the near future? [Rob Reiner] I'm hoping by the end of October to be shooting a film I've been working on called "The Bucket List," starring Jack Nicholson and Morgan Freeman. […] They find out they are terminal. They know they don't have much longer to live. It's about working out the issues you need to work out before you die. […] Q: Do you have your own "bucket list"? [Reiner] You know, I don't. I've gone on with my life always trying to do positive things and make things better and the world better. […] I want to see my kids do well, but that's not a "bucket list"

问：你现在和近期在做什么项目？[ 罗伯·莱纳 ] 我希望在十月底之前拍好一部我一直在拍摄的电影，名为《遗愿清单》，由杰克·尼科尔森和摩根·弗里曼主演。 […] 他们发现自己已经到了生命的尽头。他们知道他们活不了多久了。这是关于在死前解决你需要解决的问题。 […] 问：你有自己的“遗愿清单”吗？[莱纳] 你知道，我没有。我的生活一直都在努力做积极的事情，让事情变得更好，让世界变得更好。 […] 我希望看到我的孩子过得好，但这不是“遗愿清单”

2006年September2日，Peterson Gonzaga，“Reiner gets animated in ‘Everybody’s Hero’”, in Herald News，West Paterson, N.J.: Gannett, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 D4，列s 3–4:

I'm a helicopter pilot, not a writer. Still, it's been a dream of mine to someday write a book. It's ranked near the top on my list of things I want to do someday, my "bucket list," if you will.

我是一名直升机飞行员，不是作家。不过，写一本书一直是我的梦想。在我想做的事中——你也可以说是我的“遗愿清单”——写书排在很靠前的位置。

2009年August10日，Robert Deeter，章號 8, in Bullseye: Journal of a Black Hawk Pilot，Bloomington, Ind.: AuthorHouse, →ISBN，頁 102:

"They told me hiking down into the canyon was on their bucket list." / She nodded. "I hear that all the time. People all over the world have the Grand Canyon on their bucket list." / Jake frowned. "I don't have a bucket list."

“他们告诉我，徒步下到大峡谷是他们一生必做之事。”/ 她点点头。“我听过很多遍了。世界上许多人都把大峡谷列入了他们的遗愿清单。”/ 杰克皱起眉头。“我没有什么遗愿清单。”

2010，Annalisa Daughety，章號 23, in Love is Grand (A Walk in the Park; 3)，Uhrichsville, Oh.: Barbour Publishing, →ISBN，頁 168:

The beauty of bucket lists is that just as they represent us and our dreams, like us they also grow and change. You will be surprised once you have begun the bucket list journey at how opportunities spring up around you. New ideas beg to be added to your list. Even the act of completing a bucket list goal can be the source of further exploration.

遗愿清单的美妙之处在于，它们不仅代表着我们和我们的梦想，而且像我们一样，也在成长和变化。一旦你开始遗愿清单之旅，你会惊讶地发现身边有无数的机会。新的想法迫不及待地想加入到你的清单中。即使是完成遗愿清单中的目标，也可能成为进一步探索的源泉。

2014，Lara Krupika，“How to Use this Book”, in Bucket List Living for Moms: Becoming a More Adventurous Parent，Cork, County Cork: BookBaby, →ISBN:

a winter bucket list


despised

more despised (comparative)
most despised (superlative)

The dictator's cruelty made him the most despised person in the region.

独裁者的残酷无情使他成为当地最受鄙视的人。


obliterans

源自拉丁語 oblitterare (“抹去書寫的文字”)，源自 ob (“出”) + littera (“字母；筆跡”)。

因炎症和纤维化而产生阻塞的

Dr Adam explained that the phimosis was caused by balanitis xerotica obliterans

Adam 医生解释说，包茎是由干性闭塞性龟头炎引起的

THE TREATMENT OF ARTERIOSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS
闭塞性动脉硬化的治疗

1940, 1. IRVING S. WRIGHT, M.D., THE TREATMENT OF ARTERIOSCLEROSIS OBLITERANS, Ninety-First Annual Session of the American Medical Association, New York, page Title


chainsaw

源自 chain + saw 的複合詞，指的是其通过链条切割的机制。

/ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔː/

/ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɔ/

/ˈt͡ʃeɪnˌsɑ/

He used a chainsaw to cut through the fallen tree on the roadway.

他用电锯锯断了路上倒下的树。


black humor

Black humor is like food. Not everyone gets it.

黑色幽默就像食物，不是每个人都能吃得懂。


rear-view mirror

源自 rear-view (“向後看的，看到後方視野的”) + mirror (“鏡子”)。

对某件事情已经过去或被越过的感知

Guilt is a powerful emotion in the moment, but it's easy to ignore once it's in the rear-view mirror.

内疚在当时是一种强烈的情感，但一旦过去了，就很容易被忽视。


apologizer

He is a pathological apologizer.


MAGA

more MAGA (comparative)
most MAGA (superlative)

遵循唐納·川普的政治哲學；川普主義者。

MAGA Republicans


hmm

Hmm... that's an interesting idea.

嗯……这是一个有趣的想法。

Hmm... I just can't decide between the two.

嗯……我就是无法在这两者之间做出选择。

Hmm... creation or evolution? That’s the big question.

嗯……创造论还是进化论？这才是关键问题。

表示惊讶或茫然；尤其是当一个人被问到时，他做出的没有预料到的反应。

"You there! Where are you going?" "Hmm? Oh, I just need to get a drink."

“喂你！你要去哪儿？”“嗯？哦，我只是去喝两杯。”

"Could you pass me the paring knife?" "Hmm? What's a paring knife?"

“你能把削皮刀递给我吗？”“嗯？削皮刀是什么？”

Jeeves: Foreign travel often liberates emotions best kept in check, sir. The air of North America is notoriously stimulating in this regard, as witness the regrettable behavior of its inhabitants in 1776.
B. Wooster: Hmm? What happened in 1776, Jeeves?
Jeeves: I prefer not to dwell on it, if it's convenient to you, sir.

May 12 1991，“Kidnapped!”, in Jeeves and Wooster，季数 2, 集数 5:

Just where were you until 2 a.m.? Hmm?

凌晨两点之前你都在哪儿？嗯？


thither

繼承自中古英語 thider，繼承自古英語 þider，為早期 þæder (“到那裡”) 的變化（可能類似於 hider (“往這裡”)），繼承自原始日耳曼語 *þadrê。

The argument tended thither.


thither

the thither side of life, that is to say, afterlife


square metre

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-square metre.wav

A floor 4 metres square contains 16 square metres.

一层面积为4米见方，内有16平方米。

As towns continue to grow, replanting vegetation has become a form of urban utopia and green roofs are spreading fast. Last year 1m square metres of plant-covered roofing was built in France, as much as in the US, and 10 times more than in Germany, the pioneer in this field.

随着城镇规模持续扩张，植被复育已成为一种都市乌托邦实践，绿色屋顶正快速普及。去年法国新建了100万平方米的植物覆盖屋顶，总量与美国相当，达到该领域先驱国家德国的十倍之多。

2013年May10日，Audrey Garric，“Urban canopies let nature bloom”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 188, 期 22，頁 30:


right away

This item is urgent, so please start on it right away.

這件事情比較急，請立刻開始。


bofa

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-bofa.wav

等同於 "both of my balls" 或 "both of deez nuts"（我的兩顆睪丸）。

"Hey, do you know what bofa is?" "What's bofa?" "Bofa deez nuts in your mouth!"

“嘿，你知道什么是bofa吗？”“bofa是什么？”“bofa就是含好我的兩顆蛋！”


shanghai

最早出自1871年，來自中國重要港口 Shanghai (“上海”)，用作動詞，指美國西海岸一些船運商以前強行徵召船員到太平洋捕魚或航運的做法。

shanghae (alternative)
shangeye (alternative)
shanghais (third-person singular present)
shanghaiing (present participle)
shanghaied (past participle)
shanghai'd (past participle)

霸占、劫持或以其他方式（通常是錯誤地）佔有某個地方或事物。

Let's see if we can shanghai a room for a couple of hours.

看看我們能不能搶到幾個小時的房間。


organized crime

OCCB (NYPD Organized Crime Control Bureau)

OCTB (HKPF Organised Crime and Triad Bureau)

有組織犯罪（從事非法商品和服務交易的大型犯罪組織）

Organized crime is largely responsible for the nation’s illicit drug trafficking.

有組織犯罪是造成該國非法毒品販運的主要原因。

The State Department has given Ecuador $81 million since 2018 to help the country with its fight against organized crime and narcotics.

自 2018 年以來，美國國務院已向厄瓜多爾提供了 8,100 萬美元，幫助該國打擊有組織犯罪和毒品犯罪。

2025年March19日，Hira Humayun and Michael Rios，“Ecuador’s president invites foreign armies to fight gangs in the country”, in CNN:

Organized crime has dramatically increased in our neighbourhood.

我們社區的有組織犯罪急劇增加。


shenanigan

來源不確定。已知最早的使用來自1855年的舊金山（而已知最早的提及是在1854年），當時正值加州淘金熱時期。有人提出了以下可能性：
* 法語 ces manigances (“這些詐欺計劃”)。
* 西班牙語 chanada，charranada (“詭計，欺騙”)的縮寫。
* 愛爾蘭語 sionnachuighim (“我扮演狐狸”)。
* 萊茵法蘭克尼亞語 schinägeln (“努力工作”)，來自小販的黑話 Schenigelei (“工作”)。
* 东盎格利亚方言 nannicking (“裝傻”)。
* 18世紀德語 Scheinheilige (“偽聖人/偽聖行”，名詞複數), scheinheilig (“虛偽”)。

/ʃəˈnæn.ɪˌɡən/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-shenanigan.wav

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-shenanigan.wav

欺騙性的詭計或惡作劇；造成不適或煩惱。

I spotted his next shenanigan – saw it coming – and so avoided being fooled.

我發現了他的下一個惡作劇——預見了——因此避免了被愚弄。