shenanigans

惡作劇，尤指兒童的惡作劇。（19世紀中期至今）

Shanti and Tom are playing noisily upstairs again. They’re up to their usual shenanigans.

香蒂和湯姆又在樓上吵吵鬧鬧地玩耍。他們又在搞慣常的惡作劇。

Well, I'm not the woman to stand any shenanigans from a child of mine. I could name you dead loads of women that are just completely walked over by their children.

好吧，我不是那種能忍受我的孩子做出任何惡作劇的女人。我可以說出很多被她們的孩子完全踐踏的女人的屍體。

1890，Kate Chopin，“Perplexing Things”, in At Fault. A Novel，St. Louis, Mo.: Nixon-Jones Printing Co., →OCLC，頁 159:

欺騙的伎倆；詭計；遊戲。 （從 19 世紀中葉開始）

You should learn to spot their shenanigans and avoid being fooled.

你應該學會識別他們的詭計並避免被愚弄。

The advertisement said it would cost $50, but they charged me $75 at the register. I declare shenanigans.

廣告上說要花 50 美元，但他們在收銀台向我收取了 75 美元。我宣布這是詭計。

One of Professor [John] Moon's most astonishing "experiments," consisted of holding a watch suspended from a short chain at arm's length, and allowing anyone in the pit to pull pistol and "blaze away" at the word "fire," whereupon the watch would most unconscionably disappear. An individual who had attended several evenings and witnessed the "experiment," suspected, in the classic language of the times, that there was something of "shenanigan" in it.

約翰·穆恩教授最令人震驚的“實驗”之一是，將一塊手錶懸掛在一條短鏈上，距離手臂很遠，然後讓坑里的任何人在聽到“火”這個詞時拔出手槍並“射擊”，然後手錶就會毫無意義地消失。一位參加了數晚的“實驗”並目睹了這一“實驗”的人，用當時的經典語言來說，懷疑其中存在某種“詭計”的成分。

1855 September，“Mr. Soap’s Yachting Excursion”, in Yankee Notions，卷 IV, 期 9, New York, N.Y.: Published by T. W. Strong, 98 Nassau-st., →OCLC，頁 280:

There are stories still told how money was used and promised, but from the best knowledge I can acquire, I think this is not true. If sharp practice was played, and "shenanigan" was used, we, to-day, looking back upon those times, cannot say that evil has come of it.

仍然有一些故事講述如何使用和承諾資金，但從我所能獲得的最佳知識來看，我認為這不是真的。如果當時確實存在不正當手段，使用“詭計”，那麼今天我們回顧當時的情況，不能說當時造成了邪惡。

[1877]，Cha[rle]s H. Sparks，“Political History”, in History of Winneshiek County, with Biographical Sketches of Its Eminent Men，Decorah, Iowa: Jas. Alex. Leonard, →OCLC，頁 31:

And you remember that she is a pal of ours, and you're to act like a gentleman, no shenanigans, or I'll skin you alive!

你記得她是我們的朋友，你要表現得像個紳士，不許搞詭計，否則我就活剝了你的皮！

1921，William M. McCoy，“At the Shrine of Faith”, in The Valley of the Sun，New York, N.Y.: A. L. Burt Company; published by arrangement with The H. K. Fly Company, →OCLC，頁s 77–78:

On the table top behind him lay the letter from the Vatican. It was what he had dreaded. Shenanigans like that don't go for long unnoticed. Canon Tom may have provided the Church with a touch of class, but when the chips were down, he was expendable.

他身後的桌面上放著梵蒂岡寄來的信。這正是他所害怕的。類似這樣的詭計不會長期不被注意。湯姆牧師或許為教會帶來了一絲優雅，但當情況危急時，他便成了可有可無的犧牲品。

1993，Edward Toman，章號 9, in Shambles Corner，London: Flamingo, HarperCollins, →ISBN，頁 125:

FDA [Food and Drug Administration] commissioner Scott Gottlieb yesterday called on brand name drug companies to "end the shenanigans" that restrict generic drug competition, specifically pointing to the tactic of slow-playing shared Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (REMS) terms intended to prevent generic manufacturers from purchasing drug products needed to run bioequivalence or bioavailability studies that FDA approval requires.

FDA [食品和藥物管理局] 局長斯科特·戈特利布昨天呼籲品牌藥公司“停止限制仿製藥競爭的詭計”，特別指出了緩慢執行共享風險評估和緩解策略 (REMS) 條款的策略，旨在阻止仿製藥製造商購買需要進行 FDA 批准的生物等效性或生物利用度研究的藥品。

2017年November10日，Zachary Brennan，“Gottlieb: ‘End the shenanigans’ on slow-playing REMS to delay generic drug competition”, in Endpoints News，存檔自the original on 2018-03-11:

In a panel discussion at BuzzFeed's office, Oscar-winner Meryl Streep told "The Post" director Steven Spielberg and co-star Tom Hanks that settlements like those paid to Harvey Weinstein's accusers would not have been necessary if more women held positions of power. "If the boards of the company were half female, there wouldn't ever have been payoffs to anybody," Streep said. "None of this – the shenanigans wouldn't have occurred."

在 BuzzFeed 辦公室舉行的小組討論中，奧斯卡獎得主梅莉史翠普告訴《華盛頓郵報》導演史蒂芬史匹柏和聯合主演湯姆漢克斯，如果有更多女性掌握權力，就沒有必要向哈維韋恩斯坦的指控者支付這樣的和解金。史翠普說：“如果公司董事會中有一半是女性，那麼就不會有人得到賄賂了。” “這些詭計都不會發生。”

2017年December13日，Courtney Connley，“Meryl Streep on Weinstein: If more women were in leadership ‘the shenanigans wouldn't have occurred’”, in CNBC，存檔自the original on 2017-12-13:

It shouldn't take much imagination to see why the forced dismissal of Congress by the president would be the most truly of nuclear shenanigans and the fallout would affect, like every part of the government. But that's the sort of thing that can happen when shenanigans infinitely escalate.

不難想像，總統強行解散國會會成為真正的核子詭計，後果將影響政府的每個部門。但當詭計無限升級時，這種事情就會發生。

2020年September30日，CGP Grey，片头起10:39, in Supreme Court Shenanigans !!!，存檔自the original on 2024-01-16:


for example

常寫作拉丁語首字母縮略詞e.g. (exemplī grātiā)，有時也用英語首字母縮略詞 f.e. 或 f.ex.。

The book has quite a few plot holes. For example, it's never explained why the main character came to town.

这本书的情节漏洞百出。比如，它从来就没有解释过主角为什么来到这个小镇。

The more highly the injured part is endowed with sensory nerves the more marked is the shock; a crush of the hand, for example, is attended with a more intense degree of shock than a correspondingly severe crush of the foot

受伤部位的感觉神经越多，冲击就越明显；例如，手部受伤时，冲击程度要比脚部受伤时更大

1921，Alexis Thomson, Alexander Miles，Manual of Surgery:

For a structuralist like Edmund Leach, the structure is the meaning. Genesis, for example, is about incest taboos; all the rest is noise and mystification.

对于像埃德蒙·利奇这样的结构主义者来说，结构就是意义。例如，《创世纪》讲的是乱伦禁忌；其余一切都只是噪音和神秘化。

1981，William Irwin Thompson，The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light:Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture，頁 12:


drying oil

Drying oils are used as the bases of many paints and varnishes.

干性油被用作许多油漆和清漆的基质。


afternoons

We are closed afternoons.


ducks

Hello ducks, how are you today?


take it away

takes it away (third-person singular present)
taking it away (present participle)
took it away (past)
taken it away (past participle)

I'd like to introduce Mumbo the Magnificent and his dancing parrot, Tiddles. Take it away, Mumbo!

我要介绍一下伟大的芒博和他会跳舞的鹦鹉蒂德尔斯。芒博，接下来交给你了！

MRS WHITNEY: We have a new student with us today. His name's Max Fischer and he's actually asked to say a few words to the class. Max? You want to take it away?
惠特尼老师：今天我们班来了一位新学生。他叫马克斯·菲舍尔，他要给全班同学讲几句话。马克斯，可以开始了吗？


antiterrorism

Antiterrorism funding was increased after 2001.

2001年以後，反恐資金有所增加。


attributive

more attributive (comparative)
most attributive (superlative)

In "this big house", "big" is attributive, whereas in "this house is big", it is predicative.

在“这所大房子”中，“大”是定语；而在“这所房子很大”中，“大”是表语。

In "this tiger is a man-eater," "man" is an attributive noun.

在“这只老虎是食人兽”中，“人”是定语名词。

Since both Attributes and Adjuncts recursively expand N-bar into N-bar, it seems clear that the two have essentially the same function, so that Attributes are simply pronominal Adjuncts (though we shall continue to follow tradition and refer to attributive premodifiers as Attributes rather than Adjuncts).

1988，Andrew Radford，Transformational grammar: a first course，Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press，頁 197:

ATTRIBUTIVE NOUN. A noun that modifies another noun: steel in steel bridge; London in London house.

定语名词。修饰名词的名词：steel brdige 中的 steel，以及 London house 中的 London。

2005，Thomas Burns McArthur, Tom McArthur, Roshan McArthur，Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language:

Grammatically, three ways of using adjectives can be distinguished: the attributive use, the predicative use and the adverbial use. We will only deal with the attributive and the predicative use here. In the attributive use, the adjective, within an NP, is attached to the head noun, e.g. a dubious company, a red balloon, the stupid driver.

从语法上讲，形容词的用法可以分为三种：定语用法、表语用法和状语用法。本文我们只讨论定语用法和表语用法。在定语用法中，名词短语中的形容词加在中心名词后面，例如：a dubious company（一家可疑的公司）、a red balloon（一只红气球）、the stupid driver（那个愚蠢的司机）。


attributive

In "this big house," "big" is an attributive, while in "this house is big," it is a predicative.

在“这所大房子”中，“大”是定语；而在“这所房子很大”中，“大”是表语。


alleviator

Blessed is he who is an alleviator of suffering.

能减轻痛苦的人是有福的。

Aspirin is an alleviator of headaches.


second person

“Are” is the second person of “to be”.

“Are” 是“to be” 的第二人称。

“Hast” is the second person singular of the German verb “haben”.

“Hast” 是德语动词“haben”的第二人称单数。

“Habt” is the second person plural of the German verb “haben”.

“Habt” 是德语动词“haben”的第二人称复数。


by no means

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-by no means.wav

By no means am I suggesting that euthanasia should be outlawed, but rather that we should look at its inherent risks.

我絕非主張安樂死應被列為非法，而是強調必須正視其潛在風險。

Is that all you’ve got to say? ―By no means. Let me explain further.

「你就只有這些要說嗎？」――不是。容我進一步說明。

For the Maine Garden, I doe not Deny, but there ſhould be ſome Faire Alleys, ranged on both Sides, vvith Fruit Trees; And ſome Pretty Tufts of Fruit Trees, And Arbours vvith Seats, ſet in ſome Decent Order; but theſe to be, by no Meanes, ſet too thicke; […]

1625，Francis [Bacon]，“Of Gardens”, in The Essayes […]，第3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC，頁 278:

He by no means gave up his shop. On the contrary, he kept well abreast of new discoveries. He followed the great movement of chocolates; he was the first to introduce "cocoa" and "revalenta" into the Seine-Inferieure.

1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part III Chapter XI, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling

Every photographer of experience has his own theories and methods of working, but for the last 14 years I have used a Leica exclusively, and have found it best adapted to the somewhat exacting demands of railway photography, which is by no means an easy branch of the art.

每位經驗豐富的攝影師都有自己獨特的工作理論與方法。過去十四年來，我始終專注使用徠卡相機，發現它最能滿足鐵道攝影的嚴苛要求——須知這絕非攝影藝術中輕鬆入門的領域。

1952 February，H[enry] C[yril] Casserley，“Permanent Wayfarings”, in The Railway Magazine，London: Tothill Press, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 78:

Well, during our short staycation at Humberston Fitties, just south of Cleethorpes, we cycled through the very unspoilt Lincolnshire Wolds, which are by no means flat and boring as conventional wisdom about the county suggests.

在克利索普斯以南的亨伯斯頓菲蒂斯短暫度假期間，我們騎行穿越了保持原始風貌的林肯郡丘陵——這裡絕非如外界對該郡的刻板印象那般平坦乏味。

2021年July28日，Christian Wolmar，“Forgotten by the Railways, but Ripe for the Exploring”, in Rail，期 936, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 35:


press release

The company sent out a press release announcing its new product.

该公司发布了一份新闻稿，宣布推出新产品。


blood pressure

/ˈblʌd ˌpɹɛʃə(ɹ)/

the great majority of people who have serious conditions from high blood pressure suffer debilitating illness

绝大多数患有严重高血压的人都会患上衰弱性疾病

The nurse spent all day taking blood pressures at the hospital.

护士在医院里花了一整天的时间测量血压。


frighteningly

more frighteningly (comparative)
most frighteningly (superlative)

The pitcher that was set before me was frighteningly large.

摆在我面前的水罐大得吓人。

Risk is everywhere.[…]For each [kind] there is a frighteningly precise measurement of just how likely it is to jump from the shadows and get you. “The Norm Chronicles”[…]aims to help data-phobes find their way through this blizzard of risks.

风险无处不在。 […] 每种风险都存在着一个极为精确的衡量标准，可衡量它从阴影中跳出来并袭击你的可能性有多大。《规范编年史》 […] 旨在帮助数据恐惧症患者在这场风险风暴中找到出路。

2013年June22日，“Snakes and ladders”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8841，頁 76:


on tiptoe

小心安靜地踮起腳尖移動；躡手躡腳

We crept out on tiptoe so as not to awake the children.

我们踮着脚尖悄悄地走了出去，以免吵醒孩子们。


UFO religion

Raelians follow a UFO religion.

More particularly, and important for understanding much UFO religions, is Blavatsky's belief that certain masters dwelt on Venus.

更具体地，对于理解许多幽浮宗教来说，重要的是布拉瓦茨基相信某些大师居住在金星上。

2003，Christopher Hugh Partridge，UFO religions，Routledge，頁 10:

UFO religions are even stranger than science fiction.

幽浮宗教比科幻小说更奇怪。

2004，Susan J. Palmer，Aliens adored: Raël's UFO religion，Rutgers University Press，頁 3:

UFO religions drink deeply from the waters of occulture, while, at the same time, seeking to reconcile their ideas with a contemporary secular and scientific worldview.

幽浮宗教深受神秘文化的影响，同时又试图将其思想与当代世俗和科学世界观相协调。

2006，Christopher Hugh Partridge，The re-enchantment of the West: alternative spiritualities, sacralization, popular culture, and occulture，Continuum International Publishing Group，頁 167: