subjection

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 subjectioun，源自古法語 subjection（現代法語 sujétion），源自拉丁語 subjectiō。

Maſters commands come with a power reſiſtleſs / To ſuch as owe them abſolute ſubjection; / And for a life who will not change his purpoſe? / (So mutable are all the ways of men) / Yet this be ſure, in nothing to comply / Scandalous or forbidden in our Law.

1671，John Milton，“Samson Agonistes, […].”, in Paradise Regain’d. A Poem. In IV Books. To which is Added, Samson Agonistes，倫敦: […] J[ohn] M[acock] for John Starkey […], →OCLC，頁 83，行s 415–420:


débâcle

debacle的另一種寫法。

The Falklands-Malvinas débâcle provided the opportunity to restructure the military High Command; Alfonsín removed anti-democratic senior officers and replaced them with more co-operative ones.

2002，Jacqueline West，South America, Central America and the Caribbean 2002，Routledge,, →ISBN，頁 68:


retweeter

According to Stewart's analysis, current case law makes it unlikely a retweeter would be held liable for a defamatory retweet […]

根据斯图尔特的分析，目前的判例法使得转推者不太可能对诽谤性转推负责 […]

2013，Daxton Stewart，Social Media and the Law，頁 42:


overmorrow

仿譯自德語 übermorgen；等價於 over- + morrow。對照荷蘭語 overmorgen、德語 übermorgen、瑞典語 övermorgon、丹麥語 overmorgen、書面挪威語 overmorgen（亦作 overimorgen）和新挪威語 overmorgon。

/ˈəʊ.vəˌmɒɹəʊ/

/ˈoʊ.vɚˌmɔɹoʊ/

/ˈoʊ.vɚˌmɑɹoʊ/

Thē ſpake Tobias unto the virgin, and ſayde: Up Sara, let us make oure prayer unto God to daye, tomorow, and ouermorow: for theſe thre nightes wil we reconcyle oure ſelues with God: and whan the thirde holy night is paſt, we ſhall ioyne together in yᵉ deutye of mariage.
(Then spoke Tobias to the virgin and said: Get up Sara, let's make our prayer to the God today, tomorrow and overmorrow: for these nights will we recognize ourselves with God: and when the third holy night is past, we shall join together in our duty of marriage.)

然後托比亞斯對處女說：起來薩拉，讓我們今天、明天和後天向上帝祈禱：因為這三個夜晚我們將與上帝和解，當第三個神聖的夜晚過去時，我們將共同加入婚姻的責任。

1535，Myles Coverdale，The Byble, that is, the Holy Scrypture of the Olde and New Teſtament, faythfully tranſlated into Englyſhe, Tobit 8:4，頁 D.iiij:

We can go not overmorrow, but on Thursday.

我們可以後天不去，星期四去。

1925，Parliamentary Debates: Official Report，卷 188, H.M. Stationery Off.，頁 iv:

Sinowjeff and myself go to Caucasus overmorrow.

Sinowjeff 和我後天去高加索。

1969，James Klugman，引 Bucharin, History of the Communist Party of Great Britain: The General Strike, 1925-1927，卷 2, London: Lawrence & Wishart，頁 73:


overmorrow

/ˈəʊ.vəˌmɒɹəʊ/

/ˈoʊ.vɚˌmɔɹoʊ/

/ˈoʊ.vɚˌmɑɹoʊ/

My prescient limbs already borrow
From rare Walpurgis-night a glow :
It comes round on the overmorrow [譯 übermorgen] —
Then why we are awake we know.

1898，Johann Wolfgang von Goethe，譯者 Thos. E. Webb, The first part of the Tragedy of Faust in English，Longmans, Green and Co.，頁 197:


Dahomey

借自豐語 dã homè (“達的肚子；蛇的肚子”)。

達荷美（舊國家名，位於非洲），為現今的西非國家貝寧

The way other children hear tell of Red Riding Hood and Goldilocks, I heard of this ‘Black Sparta’, the noble kingdom of Dahomey, fighting to hold off the French to the very end.

就像其他孩子听说《小红帽》跟《金髮女孩與三隻熊》的故事一样，我小时候听说的是这“黑色斯巴达战士”的故事，讲的是崇高的达荷美王国，为抵挡法国人而战斗到底。

2016，Zadie Smith，Swing Time，Hamish Hamilton，頁s 360-361:


unsubstantiated

more unsubstantiated (comparative)
most unsubstantiated (superlative)

Such hedging is necessitated by the lack of in-depth knowledge of the contents, which also gives free rein to the scripting of unsubstantiated factoids concerning the book.

2018，James Lambert，“Setting the Record Straight: An In-depth Examination of Hobson-Jobson”, in International Journal of Lexicography，卷 31, 期 4, →DOI，頁 487:


victimate

源自拉丁語 victimatus，victimare (“犧牲”) 的過去分詞。

victimates (third-person singular present)
victimating (present participle)
victimated (past participle)

They had Officers go Victimate […]to kill in Sacrifice

1695，John Bullokar，An English Expositour:


volatilise

volatilises (third-person singular present)
volatilising (present participle)
volatilised (past participle)

Other factors could also be at play: if fertiliser is not carefully stored and handled it can volatilise, with important proportions of its precious nitrogen content simply wafting up into the air.

其他因素也可能在起作用：如果肥料储存和处理不当，它可能会挥发，其中很大一部分宝贵的氮含量会飘散到空气中。

2015年August5日，Francisco Toro，“Dodgy fertiliser is keeping Uganda hungry”, in The Guardian:


vandalise

vandalises (third-person singular present)
vandalising (present participle)
vandalised (past participle)

Unfortunately, one side of the new five-car train is daubed in graffiti, having been vandalised in Wembley Yard, en route from Switzerland.

2023年March8日，“Network News: First Tyne & Wear Metro '555' already 'tagged'”, in RAIL，期 978，頁 9:


gaydar

[…]This is not your hallmark im Ames, Iowa. And there is “family” working there . . . no radar like gaydar, I always say.

1982年July15日，Gloria Godqueen，“What's in a card”, in Bay Area Reporter，卷 12, 號 28，頁 7:

The research, which went viral this week, used a sample of online dating photos, limited only to white users, to demonstrate that an algorithm could correctly distinguish between gay and straight men 81% of the time and 74% for women, suggesting machines can potentially have much better "gaydar" than humans.

2017年September9日，Sam Levin，“LGBT groups denounce ‘dangerous’ AI that uses your face to guess sexuality”, in 衛報，倫敦: 衛報媒體集團, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2023-04-29:


amate

amates (third-person singular present)
amating (present participle)
amated (past participle)

Shall I accuse the hidden cruell fate, / And mightie causes wrought in heauen aboue, / Or the blind God, that doth me thus amate, / For hoped loue to winne me certaine hate?

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto I”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:

Upon the walls the pagans old and young / Stood hush'd and still, amated and amazed.

1600, Edward Fairfax (translator), Jerusalem Delivered, Tasso, XI, xii:

For the last […], he will be much amazed, he will be much amated.

:Template:RQ:Montaigne Florio Essayes, Folio Society, 2006, vol.1, p.230:

Thou didst die / A half-blown flow'ret which cold blasts amate.


amate

More lucklesse disadventures did amate

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto IX”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


stigmatize

源自中世紀拉丁語 stigmatizo (“給……留下烙印”)，源自古希臘語 στιγματίζω (stigmatízō，“標記”)，源自 στίγμα (stígma)。

stigmatizes (third-person singular present)
stigmatizing (present participle)
stigmatized (past participle)

We stigmatize the Indians, also, as cowardly and treacherous, because they use stratagem in warfare in preference to open force; but in this they are fully justified by their rude code of honor.

我们还指责印第安人懦弱和奸诈，因为他们在战争中使用计谋而不是公开武力；但在这一点上，他们粗鲁的礼法是完全正当的。

1819-1820，Washington Irving，The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon:

Helen Hardacre, in her study of discourses stigmatizing women who have had abortions, argues that there has been a marked rise in media interest in women's sexuality since the 1970s.

海伦·哈达克在研究污名化堕胎女性的言论时指出，自1970年代以来，媒体对女性性行为的兴趣显著增加。

2010，Mark McClelland，“The 'Beautiful Boy' in Japanese Girls' Manga”, in Manga: An Anthology of Global and Cultural Perspectives，The Continuum International Publishing Group Inc, →ISBN，頁 78:

This chapter examines the social determinants of depression in black men because no other race-by-gender population group has been stigmatized as much as black men.

本章探讨了黑人男性抑郁症的社会决定因素，因为没有其他按性别分类的人口群体像黑人男性那样受到如此多的污名化。

2012，Daphne C. Watkins，Harold W. Neighbors，“Social Determinants of Depression and the Black Male Experience”, in Social Determinants of Health Among African-American Men，Jossey-Bass, 出版於 2013, →ISBN，頁 55:


consanguinea

The media jurisprudentia, i.e. the opinions of the jurisprudents, excluded altogether females descended through males except sisters so descended (consanguinea;).

Indenture between Henry de Grymshagh, son and heir of Adam de Grymshagh and Cecilia, daughter and one of the heirs of Henry de Clayton on the moors (1), and Henry de Rissheton and Margaret his wife and cousin (consanguinea), the other heir of Henry de Clayton (2), who agree to share the lands in Clayton and Huncotes thus.

1921，Remains, Historical & Literary, Connected with the Palatine Counties of Lancaster and Chester，頁 80:

If, in an action brought against a man and wife, it be pleaded that the consanguinea is in fact the wife named in the writ, the demandant will not be allowed to aver that the consanguinea is dead, but must say that the tenant is a different person, and assign a diversity of father and mother.

2012，Luke Owen Pike，Year Books of the Reign of King Edward the Third, →ISBN，頁 320:


seminate

源自拉丁語 seminatus，seminare (“種，播種”) 的過去分詞。

seminates (third-person singular present)
seminating (present participle)
seminated (past participle)

If this Cross were seminated all over with Flowers de lis , shewing upon the fides or edges thereof but the halves of some of them , then it should be blazoned Semie de flowers de lis

1611，John Guillim，A Display of Heraldrie:


neonazi

“Miller launched the #SayYesToHate campaign the night before Trans Day of Remembrance in 2020, and last month took to defending the neonazi activist James Goddard over an arrest for anti-LGBTQ Twitter posts,” she adds.

2023年February17日，Brenna Ehrlich，“Brianna Ghey’s Vigils Have Become Protests — But to Friends, She Was Just ‘Bri’”, in Rolling Stone:


rosier

源自古法語 rosier。rosary 的同源對似詞。

/ˈɹəʊzjə(ɹ)/

Ne other tire ſhe on her head did weare,
But crowned with a garland of ſweete roſiere.

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto IX”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC，頁 19:


munt

可能派生自北恩德貝勒語 umuntu，重音落在第一個音節，而這並非恩古尼語支的常見重音形。

Munt was a derogatory term used by the [Rhodesian] security forces to refer to blacks.

Munt 是[羅德西亞]安全部隊用來指代黑人的貶義詞。

2006，Geoffrey Nyarota，Against the Grain: Memoirs of a Zimbabwean Newsman，Zebra Press，頁 63:


taskmaster

耶和華說，我的百姓在埃及所受的困苦，我實在看見了；他們因受督工的轄制所發的哀聲，我也聽見了，我原知道他們的痛苦。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 3:7:

It all looked so easy when the competent were at the helm, but reality is a cruel taskmaster, and all the excuses that worked as an underling wear thin once the incompetent are in leadership roles.

当有能力的人掌舵时，这一切看起来很容易，但现实是一个残酷的工头，一旦无能者担任领导角色，所有作为下属工作的借口都会变得无用。

2023年June4日，Charles Hugh Smith，What Happens When the Competent Opt Out?:


beat one's meat

beats one's meat (third-person singular present)
beating one's meat (present participle)
beat one's meat (past)
beaten one's meat (past participle)
beat one's meat (past participle)

I beat my meat instead of having intercourse.

我沒有性交，而是在自慰。

1948，Psychiatric quarterly (New York State Dept. of Mental Hygiene)，卷 22，頁 243:

7. Is masturbation harmful? Does it cause acne, etc.?
8. How does a girl beat her meat?

7. 自慰對身體有害嗎？會導致青春痘之類的嗎？
8. 女生怎麼自慰？

1967，American Academy of Psychotherapists，Voices: The Art and Science of Psychotherapy，頁 41:

You get in a heat, you get in a sulk
But you still keep a-beating your meat to pulp
And you're an orgasm addict,

He had had the theory that all this space stuff was just the Soviet Union beating its meat, shooting off into space. Other than that he couldn't imagine the slightest use for it all. Space was, after all, space — with nothing in it.

他是這麼想的，蘇聯發射上太空的那些東西，就像是打飛機一樣，在做無用功，他想不出這到底有任何的用處。畢竟，太空就是太空，裡頭什麼也沒有。

1991，William Barton，Michael Capobianco，Fellow Traveler，Spectra, →ISBN:


beat the meat

beats the meat (third-person singular present)
beating the meat (present participle)
beat the meat (past)
beaten the meat (past participle)
beat the meat (past participle)

Then, he would sit on the toilet and with his soapy hand he would beat the meat ...

然後，他會坐在馬桶上，用沾滿肥皂水的手打飛機……

2014，Donald L. Kaufmann，Bramble, Infant Martian，Lulu Press, Inc, →ISBN:

“Hell, after a battle, all you could hear in the barracks were groans as males beat the meat.”

“见鬼，打完仗，军营里就只听到男人撸管的呻吟声。”

2014，Billi Jean，Midnight Star，Totally Entwined Group (USA+CAD), →ISBN:

... and Ronnie beat the meat, still horny from his unfinished encounter on the loading dock.

……罗尼自慰着，他那次在装卸码头未完成的相遇仍然让他感到很饥渴。

2010，Herb Schultz，RonnieandLennie，Major Terata Publications, →ISBN，頁 211:

Bud rarely had to beat the meat. There was always a willing woman somewhere within reach; all he had to do was look.
巴德很少自慰。他想要的时候，身边总会有一个心甘情愿的女人等着他；他所要做的就是看。

year unknown, Lisa Marie Rice, Midnight Run, Oliver-Heber books

“Beat the meat, buddy,” he growled, “and remember what it was like to be inside that sweet pussy.”

“打个飞机吧，老哥，”他咆哮道，“回味回味插进那个美屄里感觉有多爽。”

2019，Jasmine Haynes，Jennifer Skully，Take Your Pleasure and Take Your Pick Duo，Redwood Valley Publishing LLC, →ISBN:


satirizer

It is a drive-by satirizer of Christians, Jews, old people, police chiefs, groundskeepers, schoolteachers, doctors and the nuclear power industry.

这是对基督徒、犹太人、老人、警察局长、场地管理员、教师、医生和核电行业的讽刺。

2007年July29日，Anthony Ramirez，“Buzz Cola and Sprinklicious Doughnuts: A Mecca for ‘Simpsons’ Fans”, in New York Times:


satirical

more satirical (comparative)
most satirical (superlative)

/səˈtɪɹɪkəl/

Spitting Image was a famous satirical television program.

Spitting Image 是一个著名的讽刺电视节目。

Given his remarks in The English People about the dangers of Standard English, and the fact that the satirical Newspeak of Nineteen Eighty-Four is an engineered language[…]

2000年October15日，John E. Joseph，Limiting the Arbitrary: Linguistic Naturalism and Its Opposites in Plato's Cratylus and Modern Theories of Language, →ISBN，頁 155:


eurozone

Eurozone的大小寫替代形式

Greece, Spain, and other eurozone periphery countries could explode any day, given their high unemployment and deepening strains of austerity. In the US, which is considered the home of quiescent workers, the call for living wages is becoming louder, as seen in the current strikes by fast-food restaurant workers.

2013年September6日，Ha-Joon Chang，“The rich have an addiction to bubbles”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 13，頁 19:


archaeon

科學拉丁語，對應 Archaea 的單數形式。

古菌（Archaea）（自20世紀）

Then, the theory goes, a rogue archaeon gobbled up a bacterium to create an entirely new type of cell that would go on to form the basis of all complex life on Earth, from plants to humans.


scrotal

Male maturity is evident from descent of the testes; adult males are scrotal year-round, whereas subadult males are partially or nonscrotal.

从睾丸的下垂可以看出雄性个体的成熟；成年雄性个体的阴囊全年都可见，而亚成年雄性个体的阴囊部分可见或不可见。

2008，Melissa A. Hillegass et al.，“The influence of sex and sociality on parasite loads in an African ground squirrel”, in Behavioral Ecology，卷 19, 期 5, →DOI，頁s 1006–1011:


Spanish influenza

以西班牙命名，該國是第一次世界大戰的中立國而報道了許多案例，其他國家的報道則因為戰時審查制度甚少流出，導致公眾誤以為該疾病集中爆發於西班牙。

By systematic organization and effort we have been endeavoring to combat Spanish Influenza in Luzerne County, with its population of 350,000 souls.

通过系统的组织和努力，我们一直致力于在拥有35万人口的卢泽恩县抗击西班牙流感。

1920，Oscar Jewell Harvey，The Spanish Influenza Pandemic of 1918，Pennsylvania: Wilkes-Barre，頁 25:


Spanish flu

In the wake of the devastation of the Spanish flu, the world came together to develop unprecedented scientific collaborations to take on future pandemics. In 1947, the WHO Interim Committee of the United Nations established a Global Influenza Programme to track the changes in the virus.

在西班牙流感肆虐之后，全世界齐心协力开展前所未有的科学合作，以应对未来的流行病。1947年，联合国WHO临时委员会设立了全球流感规划以追踪病毒的变化。

2018，World Health Organization，“Pandemic influenza: an evolving challenge”, in WHO official website:


Obama-esque

more Obama-esque (comparative)
most Obama-esque (superlative)

‘24’ presidential story line has Obama-esque feel / A youngish, African-American politician becomes president. He’s relatively untested and rode to the highest office in the land on a wave of goodwill — but is he ready for the job? Does it sound like the hypothetical presidency of Sen. Barack Obama, Illinois’ own presidential hopeful?

2007年January21日，Chicago Tribune，160th year, 期 21, section 7，頁 16:

John McCain’s Obama-esque remarks about our “wasted” resources in Iraq weren’t the only comments that landed him in hot water after a recent appearance on “Late Show With David Letterman。”

2007年March7日，radaronline.com（被引）, “E-Opinion: The best of the political blogs”, in Daily News，頁 27:

[Mitt] Romney, the cautious consultant, is pivoting to stress his corporate competence, and is rebranding himself as an Obama-esque change agent, but he will never make the sort of daring break that independent voters will demand if they are going to give the GOP another look.

2008年January2日，David Brooks，“If Romney wins, so will Democrats”, in Intelligencer Journal，214th year, 期 168, Lancaster, Pa.: Lancaster Newspapers Inc.，頁 A10:

After beginning with some more high-minded, even Obama-esque comments about what our country is, [Joe] Biden turned to the coronavirus.

2020年August22日，Aaron Blake，“Democrats’ four big takeaways”, in Star Tribune，卷 XXXIX, 期 140，頁 A5:


Obamaesque

more Obamaesque (comparative)
most Obamaesque (superlative)

He’s [W. Lane Startin] a top Democratic candidate at U4prez.com, a Web site for those who dream of one day holding the nation’s premier political title. Since joining the site last month, Startin’s meteoric rise can be described only as Obamaesque.

2007年March13日，Matt Christensen，“Hail to the chief: Twin Falls man has (virtual) aspirations”, in Times-News，頁 D5:

[John C.] Turner, who lives in Cumberland on Vancouver Island, has joined his joke-party’s horny Rhinos Redux comeback. He’s trumpeting an Obamaesque campaign promise of “change you can’t believe in.”

2008年March1日，Doug Ward，“Rhino party wants to abolish the environment”, in The Vancouver Sun，頁 B8:

While campaigning in Pennsylvania last week, presidential hopeful Barack Obama bowled a 37 and the world has pretty much flipped on its head as a result.[…]I once contemplated ending my current relationship based on an Obamaesque performance by the GF at a bowling outing.

2008年April9日，Pete Cunningham，“Don’t let bowling ability skew opinions”, in The Homer Index，卷 136, 期 15，頁 four:

“Critics say that my plan is too big, that it costs $1.9 trillion,” was [Joe] Biden’s Obamaesque reply to questions regarding his $2 trillion plan.

2021年March2日，David Harsanyi，“It’s Christmas for Democrats”, in The Star Democrat，卷 220, 期 136, Easton, Md.，頁 A4:


exposé

借自法語 exposé。

"What shall be said to my sister? We cannot steal from her without saying something, as she would conclude we were murdered, apply to the ambassador, and bring on the very exposé we desire to avoid."

1842，[anonymous collaborator of Letitia Elizabeth Landon]，章號 XXVIII, in Lady Anne Granard; or, Keeping up Appearances. […]，卷 II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁 65:


femdom

female domination 或 female dominance 的截斷形式。

I'm acutely aware that I'm on my knees in front of a gorgeous femdom.

2017，D. L. King，Unspeakably Erotic: Lesbian Kink:

She wished she had some fuck-me stiletto thigh-high boots on to give her more of a Domme appearance, but she had seen plenty of femdoms at the club wearing comfortable walking shoes.

2018，Kallypso Masters，Box Set: Rescue Me Saga Books 4-6 and Bonus Western Dreams:


DILF

dad I'd like to fuck 的首字母縮略詞，仿照 MILF 所造。

形容性感的中年乃至老年男性

Sexy DILF butler Bates looks like he's finally going to get it on with housemaid Anna, after spending all of Series One mooning after her like a calf on Wobbly Eggs.


vicariate

His next was to claim, in virtue of this vicariate, the mediatorial “power in heaven and in earth”

他的下一步是憑藉代理主教的職權，主張「天上地下的權力」。

a. 1678 (date written)，Isaac Barrow，“(please specify the chapter name or sermon number). A Treatise of the Pope's Supremacy”, in The Works of Dr. Isaac Barrow. […]，卷 (please specify |volume=I to VII), London: A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], 出版於 1830–1831, →OCLC:


MILF

mother/mom/mama I'd like to fuck (“我想肏的媽媽”) 之首字母縮略詞。

yummy mummy

富有性吸引力的母親；熟女，辣媽，性感少婦

富有性吸引力的母親；熟女，辣媽，性感少婦

Dude, that chick's a MILF!
兄弟，那女的真是個性感熟女！

1999, Adam Herz, American Pie (screenplay):

She was instantly a gay icon (for men and women), and latterly has become a bit of a milf to young straight guys.

她在同性戀圈子（不論男女）裡一直是偶像般的標誌人物，後來也成了年輕直男眼中的性感熟女。

2009年June8日，Veronica Lee，“Au revoir, Margaret Mountford”, in The Guardian:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:MILF。


triff

As I remember it, Elite screwed up the first time it had a go at this one, and ended up having to get Gargoyle (who?) to cobble something together in about two weeks or something ridiculous. You wouldn't believe it, though. This one's triff through and through.

1989, Jonathan Davies, Scooby-Doo (video game review in Your Sinclair issue 46)

Our daughter thinks you're wonderful. “Cool” I think was the adjective she used. […] Or maybe it was “triff”.


latibulate

源自拉丁語 latibulum (“躲藏處”) + -ate，源自 lateō (“隱藏起來”) + -bulum。

latibulates (third-person singular present)
latibulating (present participle)
latibulated (past participle)

在字典和單詞表之外很罕見

He is probably after the manner of his prototype Kellogg, "latibulating" in some secure position, in breathless expectancy that His Excellency, will again uphold usurpation[…]。

他可能遵循他Kellogg原型的方式，在某個安全的位置躲藏著並屏息凝氣，期望閣下將再次支持篡奪 […]

1874年November16日，The Wheeling Daily Register，Wheeling, West Virginia，頁 2，列 1:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:latibulate。


abacination

abbacination (alternative)
abacinations (plural)

灼燒，用滾燙金屬使人致盲的行為

That blind general lost his sight by the process of abacination.

1902，James Meeker Ludlow，Incentives for Life, Personal and Public，頁 144:

Her warmth and radiance had blinded him, a self-inflicted abacination.

1972，Trevanian (pseud.)，The Eiger Sanction，第1984 Ballantine ed.版, →ISBN，頁 105:

I, who had seen so many brandings and abacinations, and had even used the iron myself (among the billion things I recall perfectly is the flesh of Morwenna's cheeks blistering), could scarcely force myself to go and look at him.

1994，Gene Wolfe，Sword & Citadel, →ISBN，頁 134:


industrializing

more industrializing (comparative)
most industrializing (superlative)

正經歷工業化的；變得更加工業化的

[T]he Lunar Society of Birmingham […] aimed to develop knowledge useful to an industrialising society and included among its luminaries the potter Josiah Wedgwood (1730–95), the physician William Withering (1741–99), the chemist Joseph Priestly and James Watt.

1997，Roy Porter，The Greatest Benefit to Mankind，Folio Society, 出版於 2016，頁 247:


wushu

借自官話 武術／武术 (wǔshù)。

中華人民共和國創建的一項以中國傳統武術為基礎的現代表演和全接觸運動，又稱現代武術或當代武術。

The techniques of contemporary wushu are indeed those which at one time were used for self-defense, but the basis and development of wushu are different from kung fu.


malacologist

軟體動物學家 （自19世紀）

In the early 1800s the French malacologist Pierre Denys de Montfort published an account of a British ship of the line that he claimed had been sunk, and its crew devoured, by a Colossal octopus, or Kraken.

1800年代初期，法國軟體動物學家皮埃爾·德尼斯·德蒙福特發表了一篇報導，稱一艘英國戰列艦被巨型章魚 (Kraken) 擊沉，船員被吞食。

2012，Caspar Henderson，The Book of Barely Imagined Beings，第2013版, Granta Books，頁 233:


源自HTTP狀態碼 404。當伺服器／服務器無法為客戶端正常提供網頁訊息，或是無法回應且不知原因時，就會返回此代碼。

/ˈfɔːɹəʊˌfɔː(ɹ)/

找不到（尤其是網際網路／互聯網上的網頁）

Return 404s for all deleted pages. Some search engine marketers suggest redirecting old products to semantically related products instead of 404ing. This preserves link equity, whereas a 404 does not.

對所有已刪除的頁面返回404。一些搜索引擎營銷人員建議將舊產品重定向到語義相關的產品，而不應返回404。這麼做可以保留連結的價值，而404則不能。

2007，Cristian Darie，Jaimie Sirovich，Professional Search Engine Optimization with ASP.NET: A Developer's Guide to SEO，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 113:


/ˈfɔːɹəʊˌfɔː(ɹ)/

返回「找不到網頁」的錯誤


Jidda

Jeddah的另一種寫法

at last the Suva appeared, with Captain Boyle, who took me back to Jidda.

最後，蘇瓦號出現了，博伊爾船長帶著我回到了吉達。

1926，T.E. Lawrence，Seven Pillars of Wisdom，New York: Anchor, 出版於 1991，頁 109:

When we landed in Jidda, Saudi Arabia, the temperature was above 100 degrees.

當我們降落在沙烏地阿拉伯吉達時，氣溫已經超過100度。

1978，Richard Nixon，RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon，Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 1012:


triturate

triturates (third-person singular present)
triturating (present participle)
triturated (past participle)

通過針頭等狹窄開口將生物組織破碎成單獨的細胞

Just over the external jugular vein there were two punctures, not large, but not wholesome-looking. There was no sign of disease, but the edges were white and worn-looking, as if by some trituration.

1897，Bram Stoker，章號 10, in Dracula，New York, N.Y.: Modern Library, →OCLC:


towards

繼承自中古英語 towardes，繼承自古英語 tōweardes、tōwærdes，等價於 toward + -s (副詞後綴)。

[tʰə̥ˈwɔːdz]

[tʰə̥ˈwɔɹ̠d̠z]

[tʰw̥ɔɹ̠d̠z]

toward

toward的另一種寫法

fromward

toward的另一種寫法

fromwards

toward的另一種寫法

toward的另一種寫法

Towards the following morning, the thermometer fell to 5°; and at daylight, there was not an atom of water to be seen in any direction.

1835，Sir John Ross，Sir James Clark Ross，Narrative of a Second Voyage in Search of a North-west Passage …, Volume 1，頁s 284–5:

To the left towers the Jungfrau, with the train heading directly towards it.

1960 December，Voyageur，“The Mountain Railways of the Bernese Oberland”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 752:

But with Goodison Park openly directing its full hostility towards Atkinson, Liverpool went ahead when Carroll turned in his first Premier League goal of the season after 70 minutes.

2011年October1日，Phil McNulty，“Everton 0-2 Liverpool”, in BBC Sport:


towards

[tʰə̥ˈwɔːdz]

[tʰə̥ˈwɔɹ̠d̠z]

[tʰw̥ɔɹ̠d̠z]

Thus as he spake, lo far away they spyde / A varlet running towards hastily […]

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto IV”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


nurk

Ives, who is better known for sliminess than courage, approached Samson who was dutifully attending his feudal lord Grouty as usual, and remarked:
'I think you're a stupid nurk, Samson.'

1979，Paul Ableman，Porridge: The Inside Story，頁 90:


meeter

[…] being five minutes earlier than his judgement of when whoever he was meeting would arrive, which could have become confusing for the meeter if the meetee had twigged to the tactic and adjusted his timepiece by another five minutes.

2018，Ian Burns，Messing With Your Mind，頁 283:


Cainozoic

We have treated in the preceding chapters of the Tertiary or Cainozoic strata […]

我們在前面的章節中已經討論過第三紀或新生代地層

1874，查爾斯·萊爾，The Student’s Elements of Geology:


gold mine

This oil deposit is a regular gold mine. We make more and more money every year!

這個油礦是一個定期的金礦。我們每年賺的錢越來越多！

The possessors of Salisbury & Yeovil Railway shares had ample compensation for the anxiety which the first few years of the company's existence had given them, for the concern proved a veritable gold mine.

索爾茲伯里和約維爾鐵路公司股票的持有者在公司成立後的頭幾年裡焦慮不安，但現在他們已經得到了充分的補償，因為事實證明該公司是一座名副其實的金礦。

1939 December，John D. Hewitt，“Some Notable British Main Lines: II. Salisbury and Exeter, S.R.”, in Railway Magazine，頁 407:

[Hal Varian] went to work helping Page, Brin, and Schmidt develop more efficient auction algorithms and build the auction model that became such a gold mine for Google.

[哈爾·瓦里安]幫助佩奇、布林和施密特開發更高效的拍賣算法並建立拍賣模型，該模型成為谷歌的金礦。

2019，Rana Foroohar，Don't Be Evil: The Case Against Big Tech，Penguin UK, →ISBN:


subsidiarize

subsidiarizes (third-person singular present)
subsidiarizing (present participle)
subsidiarized (past participle)

將公司劃分為法律上不同但財務上相關的子公司

In July 1990, Co. formed Uco Sportswear N.V., out of a previous division, a factory and a finishing plant. Restructuring Development: In 1989, Co. initiated a restructuring program to subsidiarize, accompanied by decentralisation.

1992，Moody's International Manual，卷 1，頁 386:


eigh

"Eigh, eigh! he's killed me!" Mr. Utley shrieked. But none of the students made a move out of their seats.


octadecahedron

octadecahedra (plural)
octadecahedrons (plural)

The cell structure was considered to consist of spherical holes but for the purposes of calculation, the cells were assumed to be octadecahedra. ln this model, a compressive force along the principal axis of the octadecahedron and parallel to.

1974，International Polymer Science and Technology，頁 202:

In fact the structure of 2 can be related to the octadecahedron and the pentacapped trigonal prism in an interesting fashion


tightening

There are lingering feelings among some board members, especially in the developing world, that the fund joined with the United States and other wealthy countries in demanding overly austere budget cuts and other fiscal tightenings for the countries that were bailed out in the previous decade.

2007年September28日，Steven R. Weisman，“I.M.F. Faces a Question of Identity”, in New York Times:


plentifully

繼承自中古英語 plentefully、plentefullych、plentyfullyche，等價於 plentiful + -ly。

more plentifully (comparative)
most plentifully (superlative)

O love the Lord, all ye his saints: for the Lord preserveth the faithful, and plentifully rewardeth the proud doer.

耶和華的聖民哪，你們都要愛他；耶和華保護誠實人，足足報應行事驕傲的人。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Psalms 31:23:


muti

借自祖魯語 umuthi (“灌木，樹；醫術”)。

非洲傳統醫學 （自19世紀）

The witchdoctor shop with its muti, its vulture eggs, the skins and hair and nails and horns and unmentionable excretions, its useless whorl of incense; and the Indian owner glaring at one like a dark wooden mask.

1978，André Brink，Rumours of Rain，Vintage, 出版於 2000，頁 179:

Lekota's handing on a plate ammunition against himself, scrapping our genuine African herb medicine, Affirmative Action, that national muti.

2012，Nadine Gordimer，No Time Like the Present，Bloomsbury, 出版於 2013，頁 300:


placename

With a complex site, different site elements may not be terminologically distinguished, or else a generic term may be optionally added to the placename to distinguish a site element, such as a hill, well, or claypan at the location.

2012，Nick Thieberger，The Oxford Handbook of Linguistic Fieldwork，頁 401:


taxonomist

Hepaticology, outside the temperate parts of the Northern Hemisphere, still lies deep in the shadow cast by that ultimate "closet taxonomist," Franz Stephani—a ghost whose shadow falls over us all.

1992年，魯道夫馬蒂亞斯舒斯特，The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian，卷 V, 伊州芝加哥: 菲爾德自然史博物館, →ISBN，頁 vii:


taxonomic

With fresh material, taxonomic conclusions are leavened by recognition that the material examined reflects the site it occupied; a herbarium packet gives one only a small fraction of the data desirable for sound conclusions. Herbarium material does not, indeed, allow one to extrapolate safely: what you see is what you get[…]


clears

只過篩一次、較硬的粗麵粉

Pastry flour: patent and clears from soft wheat flours may be blended to produce pastry flour.

2003，Handbook of Postharvest Technology: Cereals, Fruits, Vegetables, Tea, and Spices，頁 313:


sand dollar

Adult echinoderms have a five-part body plan corresponding to the arms of a sea star or the design on the "shell" of a sand dollar.

成年棘皮动物的身体结构由五部分组成，对应海星的手臂或沙钱“壳”上的条纹。

2000，Sandra Alters，章號 I, in Biology: Understanding Life，頁 692:

If you look carefully, a sand dollar is merely a sea urchin in flattened form.

如果你仔细观察，就会发现沙钱只不过是扁平状的海胆。

2001，Jennifer Hahn，Spirited Waters: Soloing South Through the Inside Passage，出版於 2009，頁 135:


ocean sunfish

ocean sunfishes (plural)
ocean sunfish (plural)

At well over a tonne, and sometimes more than two, and 3.3 metres (11 feet) across when fully grown, the Ocean sunfish is the world's heaviest bony fish.

翻车鱼成熟后的重量远超过一吨，有时超过两吨，直径为3.3米（11 英尺），是世界上最重的硬骨鱼。

2012，Caspar Henderson，The Book of Barely Imagined Beings，Granta Books, 出版於 2013，頁 242:


Brussels

借自荷蘭語 Brussel 和法語 Bruxelles，源自原始日耳曼語，由 *brōk (“沼澤，濕地”) + *sali (“建築物，房間”) 組成。“歐盟行政機構”的轉喻義是基於歐盟總部設在布魯塞爾的事實而來。

布魯塞爾（首都名，位於比利時）。

Buying bread from a man in Brussels / He was 6'4", and full of muscle

从布鲁塞尔的一个男人那里买面包 / 他身高1米93，肌肉发达

1981，Men At Work （作曲作詞）, “Down Under”, in Business as Usual:


Brussels

If the same design be produced in a Brussels and in a Tapestry it will be found that the Brussels shows sharp, clean-cut outlines, where the Tapestry gives ragged, uneven effects, […]

1911，Dry Goods Economist，卷 65, 期 3，頁 51:


dining

就餐，用餐 （作為一社交功能）

For my own part I preferred to remain with the ship, and I am now glad that I did so, for the welcome we received at Havana; the cheering crowds upon the quay; the friends we met and made; the dinings in and dinings out […]


shopping centre

The streets radiated out from the new shopping centre like the spokes of a wheel.

街道从新的购物中心向外辐射，就像车轮的辐条一样。

1968，Carl Ruhen，The Key Club，Sydney: Scripts，頁 20:


alienator

To one like Elia, whose treasures are rather cased in leather covers, than closed in iron coffers, there is a class of alienators more formidable than that which I have touched upon; I mean, your borrowers of books—those mutilators of collections, spoilers of the symmetry of shelves, and creators of odd volumes.

1820 December，Charles Lamb，“The Two Races of Men”, in The London Magazine，卷 2, 期 12，頁 624:


anthropological

more anthropological (comparative)
most anthropological (superlative)

He draws eclectically on studies of baboons, descriptive anthropological accounts of hunter-gatherer societies and, in a few cases, the fossil record.

2012 March-April，John T. Jost，“Social Justice: Is It in Our Nature (and Our Future)?”, in American Scientist，卷 100, 期 2，存檔自the original on 2017-06-21，頁 162:


Frankie

男性人名 Frank 的指小詞；亦用於 Francisco、Francis 或 Franklin

Before arriving in Miami, he was known by his real name of Frankie King. Not Frank but Frankie; his mother had named him after the singer Frankie Laine.

在抵达迈阿密之前，他的真名是弗兰基·金。不是弗兰克，而是弗兰基；他的母亲以歌手弗兰基·莱恩的名字为他命名。

1991，Carl Hiaasen，Native Tongue，Knopf, →ISBN，頁 62:


Debra

Deborah 的變體，最早用於20世紀。

源自希伯來語的女性人名，流行於20世紀50-60年代。

"She's Debra Jean," the children shouted in chorus. "We decided last night with Daddy." - - - So her name is Debbie, I thought to myself. With a pretty name and a family to love her this baby has to make it.

“她叫黛布拉·吉恩，”孩子们齐声喊道。“我们昨晚和爸爸一起决定的。”——所以她的名字叫黛比，我心想。有了一个漂亮的名字和一个爱她的家庭，这个宝宝一定能健康成长。

1966，Marilyn M. Segal，Run Away, Little Girl，Random House，頁 6:


Doug

男性人名 Douglas 的指小詞。

Come and have a drink,' he said, 'and my Christian name is Douglas on this side of the Rye, mind that. Dougal Douglas at Meadows Meade and Douglas Dougal a Willis's, mind. Only a formality for the insurance cards and such.'
'I better call you Doug, and be done with it.'

1960，Muriel Spark，The Ballad of Peckham Rye，New Directions Publishing, 出版於 1999，頁 70:


Vanessa

由喬納森·斯威夫特造出，來自其女性朋友 Esther ("Essy") Vanhomrigh 的名字。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-Vanessa.wav

Vanessa be the Name / By which thou shalt be known to Fame. / Vanessa, by the Gods enroll'd: / Her Name on Earth - shall not be told.

1726，Jonathan Swift，Cadenus and Vanessa:

A kind of girl that May had before only seen in the pages of fashion magazines, bored, disdainful, elegant, reluctantly admitted her. - - - She was asked to see Vanessa on the way out. She knew that the girl would be called something like Vanessa.

1978，Maeve Binchy，Victoria Line, Central Line，Arrow, 出版於 1993, →ISBN，頁s 178, 179:


Jacquelyn

源自法語的女性人名，Jacqueline 的變體之一

Faith laughed, pointing out, "All of their names rhyme—Gwendolyn, Jacquelyn, Joelyn. It's kind of weird, don't you think?'

费思笑着指出，“他们的名字都押韵——格温多林、杰奎琳、乔林。这有点奇怪，你不觉得吗？”

2009，Karin Slaughter，Genesis，Century, →ISBN，頁 143:


Jacqueline

法語 Jacques (相當於英語的James) 的陰性小稱。源自希伯來語 יעקב (Ya‘akov)，源自希伯來語詞根עקב (‘akev，“腳跟”)，因為雅各出生在以掃後，而他拽著以掃的腳跟，不讓他先出生。

Jacqueline was so named simply because their mother had liked the ring of the word, sounding Parisian and worldly and auguring, to her mind, a good life.

1993，Oscar Hijuelos，The Fourteen Sisters of Emilio Montez O'Brien, →ISBN，頁 6:


Jacqui

The second woman was older but not at all wiser. Her name was Jacqui and she spelled it twice in case there should be any misunderstanding.

第二个女人年纪更大，但一点也不聪明。她的名字叫杰奎，她拼了两遍，以防产生任何误解。

2008，Maeve Binchy，Heart and Soul，Anchor, 出版於 2009, →ISBN，頁 27:


unexplained

Why this already very fast train should be speeded up still further, when none of the other more easily timed S.R. West of England trains has a single minute pared from its schedule, is unexplained - unless this is a playful dig at the Western Region, most of whose expresses, by reason of additional stops, will be decelerated from the same date.

1961 October，“The winter timetables of British Railways: Southern Region”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 593:


Siobhan

愛爾蘭語 Siobhán 的英語化拼寫，源自中古愛爾蘭語 Sibán，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 Jehane 或 Jehanne，源自古法語 Jehanne，源自中世紀拉丁語 Johanna，Joanna 的變體，源自通用希臘語 Ἰωάννα (Iōánna)，源自希伯來語 יוֹחָנָה (Yôḥānāh，字面意思是“主是仁慈的”)，יְהוֹחָנָן (Yəhōḥānān)的陰性形式，該詞也派生出 John 及其眾多同源對似詞。
Ivana、Jana、Jane、Janice、Janis、Jean、Jeanne、Jen、Joan、Joanna、Joanne、Johanna、Juana、Shavonne、Sian、Shane、Shaun、Shauna和Sheena 的同源對似詞。

源自愛爾蘭語的女性人名。

I think
about biblical names, Tamara, Michaela,
Mira, Shoshana, and Celtic names I can
barely pronounce, Siobhan tangling
between teeth and tongue.

2002，Dave Margoshes，“Faith, Hope, Charity”, in Purity of Absence，Dundurn Press Ltd., →ISBN，頁 106:


stond

Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises.

1625，Francis [Bacon]，“Of Studies”, in The Essayes […]，第3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:

when he saw the Damsell passe away,
He left his stond, and her pursewd apace

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I, Canto VI”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


Bornean

To him it seemed that the Bornean rainforests, the tallest on Earth, were places that had: 'remained untouched and unchanged since remote geological epochs[.]'

2018，Tim Flannery，Europe: A Natural History，頁 55:


émigré

借自法語 émigré。

法國大革命期間逃亡出法國的人（尤指保皇派）

Any émigré who had returned to France without obtaining government consent was required to leave France forthwith […]

任何未经政府同意返回法国的移民都必须立即离开法国 […]

2002，Colin Jones，The Great Nation，Penguin, 出版於 2003，頁 516:

（尤指因政治原因）流亡在外的僑民

In retrospect, Sǒ's unqualified championship of the elective principle may seem somewhat naive. At the time, however, he believed his conviction was vindicated by the example of the self-governing Korean émigré settlements in Russian Manchuria (Siberia). After visiting them and observing their daily activities, British geographer Isabella B. Bishop had praised their contented lives and attributed this situation to the good leadership of their elected headmen.

1991，Vipan Chandra，“Korean Human-Rights Consciousness in an Era of Transition: A Survey of Late Nineteenth-Century Developments”, in Human Rights in Korea: Historical and Policy Perspectives, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 70:

In 1621 in Plymouth, émigré English Calvinists struggled to make their way in the harsh climate of this New World.

2007, Eve LaPlante, The opposite of Thanksgiving:

His latest novel sheds light on an émigré writer’s woodshedding period.

2007年July23日，“A Free Life”, in Publishers Weekly:

[…]the capital of a country that, like its Communist (and later post-Communist) sisters to the east, had long been known for turning its younger residents into aspiring émigrés.

2008年September20日，David Amsden，“The Dubliners”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

In that essay, Said distinguishes between exile, refugee, expatriate and émigré.

2014年February20日，James Wood，On Not Going Home London Review of Books:


woning

繼承自中古英語 woning、wuning、wunnunge，繼承自古英語 wunung (“居住、生活；套間”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *wunungu，等價於 wone + -ing。同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 wonnyng、wonyng、wonyn (“居住、住宅、庇护所”)、荷蘭語 woning (“住宅、房屋”)、德語 Wohnung (“住宅，公寓”)、瑞典語 våning (“層，公寓”)。

Near it is a timbered house; an old inn close to the bridge is thought to be the \"woning\" of \"Elynor Humming,\" the famous ale wife, whose "tunning" is celebrated by Hen. VII.'s poet laureate, Skelton.

[…] ordained as a place and a woning for the Holy Ghost, and as of Christ able and possible for to come to endless bliss.


necrophile

/ˈnɛkɹəʊ̆faɪl/

He has seizures of erotic and macaberesque madness. He is a sort of necrophile. He has kept a journal in which he sets forth his disease with the utmost clearness.

1903，Guy de Maupassant，譯者 M. Walter Dunne, A Tress of Hair:


she-bear

繼承自中古英語 sche bere；By surface analysis, she- + bear。

Elisha [...] was able to call upon two she-bears to come and eat up the children who had treated him irreverently[.]

以利沙…能夠召喚兩頭母熊來吃掉那些對他不敬的孩子[。]

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 52:

two she-bears came out of the woods and tore forty-two of the boys.
#*:: 有兩個母熊從林中出來，撕裂他們中間四十二個童子。

2001, Bible Old Testament 2 Kings 2:24 (English Standard Version)


batucada

一種重複、快節奏的打擊森巴／桑巴風格

She has not only employed television and radio advertisements in Spanish and English, but has also sent batucada percussion ensembles and mobile loudspeakers playing reggaetón chants into the streets to spread her message.

2008年May25日，Larry Rohter，“Puerto Rico Gets Its Moment in the Sun (the Political One) as Primary Nears”, in New York Times:


bombee

被炸者；爆炸事件的受害者或目標

同類詞：bomber

It must be comforting to the bombee to know the bomber had a moral doubt.

知道轟炸者有道德上的懷疑，被炸者一定會感到安慰。

1973，Robert N. Kharasch，The Institutional Imperative，頁 32:


stairs

At length, one night, when the company by ſome accident broke up much ſooner than ordinary, ſo that the candles were not half burnt out, ſhe was not able to reſiſt the temptation, but reſolved to have them ſome way or other. Accordingly, as ſoon as the hurry was over, and the ſervants, as ſhe thought, all gone to ſleep, ſhe ſtole out of her bed, and went down ſtairs, naked to her ſhift as ſhe was, with a deſign to ſteal them […]

1762，Charles Johnstone，The Reverie; or, A Flight to the Paradise of Fools，卷 2, Dublin: Printed by Dillon Chamberlaine, →OCLC，頁 202:

We tiptoed into the house, up the stairs and along the hall into the room where the Professor had been spending so much of his time.

我们蹑手蹑脚地走进屋子，爬上楼梯，沿着走廊进入教授待过很长时间的房间。

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 13, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:


stairway

The phrase "stairway to heaven" has a variety of cultural significances.

“天堂的阶梯”一词具有多种文化意义。

Then came a maid with hand-bag and shawls, and after her a tall young lady. She stood for a moment holding her skirt above the grimy steps, with something of the stately pose which Richter has given his Queen Louise on the stairway,[…]。

1897年 12月（標示為1898年），Winston Churchill，章號 5, in The Celebrity: An Episode，紐約: The Macmillan Company；倫敦：Macmillan & Co., Ltd., →OCLC:


intervenue

This Crown hath now had five weak Princes, without intervenue of any one active, yet is it in no part demolished.

1650，Henry Blount，A Voyage into the Levant:


First Nations

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-First Nations.wav

加拿大原住民（通常不包括因紐特人或梅蒂人），第一民族；印第安人

Generally speaking, the works of First Nations artists were made with materials such as wood, leather or cloth.

一般來說，加拿大原住民藝術家的作品是用木材、皮革或布料等材料製作的。

2001，Quebec，Francois Remillard, Hunter Publishing, Inc, →ISBN，頁 27:

澳大利亞原住民（澳大利亞土著與托雷斯海峽島民）

Among the 1692 Australian species and subspecies on the BirdLife Australia Working List V3 (excluding vagrant and introduced taxa [...]), 18.7% derive from unrelated entities (e.g. shrike-tit that is neither shrike nor tit). Just 82 reflect First Nations names for birds (1.6%) or places (3.3%)

2022，Stephen T. Garnett, Golo Maurer, Georgia E. Garrard，“Why Australian common bird names should respond to societal change”, in Emu: Austral Ornithology，卷 122, 期 2，頁 150:


asseverate

借自拉丁語 assevērāre，源自 assevērō (“聲稱，聲明”)。

asseverates (third-person singular present)
asseverating (present participle)
asseverated (past participle)

/əˈsɛvəɹeɪt/

鄭重聲明，認真而自信地斷言

Whereas Your Maiesty hath received true information of great sums of Money endeavoured to be borrowed of Your City of London, by directions proceeding from both Houses of Parliament […] (I Your Maiesties faithfull Subiect) doe conceive, and dare asseverate, that it is intended upon no other pretence then for the Honour and defence of Your Maiesty,

1642，Sir Richard Gurney, 1st Baronet，The Lord Maior of Londons Letter to the King at Yorke, June 22，London:

The more I laughed at such theories, the more these stubborn friends asseverated them; adding that even without the heritage of legend the recent reports were too clear, consistent, detailed, and sanely prosaic in manner of telling, to be completely ignored.

1931，H. P. Lovecraft，章號 1, in The Whisperer in Darkness:

A time would come, Mr. Secombe-Hughes mysteriously asseverated, when all would be well and she would get her money.

1971，Iris Murdoch，An Accidental Man，New York: Viking，頁 31:


khagan

最终源自古突厥語 𐰴𐰍𐰣 (qaɣan)。

As early as the year 740 A.D., one of the Khazar kaghans had turned to Constantinople for a missionary versed in Christian law.

1988，Milorad Pavić，譯者 Christina Pribićević-Zorić, Dictionary of the Khazars，Vintage, 出版於 1989，頁 69:

"A kagan is the father, the mother and the lover of all his people. Nobody would lift a hand against him," said Hanukkah.

2007，Michael Chabon，Gentlemen of the Road，Sceptre, 出版於 2008，頁 52:


tebasaki

Although Japan’s culinary lexicon did not include deep frying until the Portuguese introduced it in the 16th century, the country now has at least three distinct fried chicken styles: katsu, with super-crisp panko or bread crumbs, is used for pounded breasts; karaage, ginger-and-garlic-marinated thighs in a light, puffy crust of sweet-potato starch; and Nagoya-style tebasaki, or wings.

2009年October7日，Julia Moskin，“Fried Chicken: A Migratory Bird”, in New York Times:


social psychology

Before we discuss our two main objectives, however, and present illustrations and our specific hypotheses, an overview of social movements and their social psychology will help put our ideas in the broader context to which they are directed.

2000，Sheldon Stryker, Timothy Joseph Owens, Robert W. White，Self, Identity, and Social Movements, →ISBN，頁 191:

Georg Simmel (1902) pointed out that the money economy pervasive in a city fosters individualism, blasé attitudes, and secondary relations, thus linking urbanism with a particular social psychology.

2006，Mohammad Qadeer，Pakistan - Social and Cultural Transformations in a Muslim Nation, →ISBN:

It is essential to identify user perspectives and relate their social psychology to meaningful trust determinants in the system to be automated.

2014，Sjouke Mauw, Christian Damsgaard Jensen，Security and Trust Management, →ISBN:

The roots of black crime are threefold: a different social psychology resulting from blacks' exclusion from the dominant experience with factory, bureaucracy, and schooling; a heritage of economic and other insecurities; and a long and complex experience with criminal activity.

2015，Orlando Patterson，The Cultural Matrix: Understanding Black Youth, →ISBN，頁 107:


riffed

Several ships could be sunk by the copious tears being shed by riffed reservists.

被裁的预备役军人流下的大量眼泪可能会击沉几艘船。

1958，Air Force Magazine - Volume 41，頁 86:

Riffed teachers are unlikely to return to teaching, for they often have found other challenging, financially rewarding work that they might otherwise never have tried.

被裁的教师不太可能重返教学岗位，因为他们经常能找到其他具有挑战性、金钱回报丰厚的工作，不然的话，那可能是他们从未尝试去找过。

1987，Nathalie Jean Gehrke，On being a teacher，頁 93:

Years ago, my job at an employment outplacement firm was to train and counsel groups of recently riffed employees.

几年前我在一家职业介绍公司上班，工作内容是对最近被裁的员工进行培训和咨询。

2008，Nancy Daniel Wesson，Moving Your Aging Parents, →ISBN:


evangelize

源自古法語 évangéliser，源自晚期拉丁語 evangelizare，源自古希臘語 εὐαγγελίζω (euangelízō)。取代了原生的詞彙 古英語 godspellian (字面意思是“傳福音”)。

evangelizes (third-person singular present)
evangelizing (present participle)
evangelized (past participle)

his Apoſtles, whom he ſends To evangelize the Nations

祂差遣使徒去向萬民傳福音

1667，John Milton，“Book X”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC，行s 1389–1390:

向尚未歸信者宣揚任何意識形態

同類詞：proselytize

[…] nor is it the task of the Muslim to "evangelize" the unbelieving world.

[…] 穆斯林的任務也不是向不信的世界「傳福音」。

2002，Ergun Mehmet Caner, Emir Fethi Caner，Unveiling Islam: An Insider's Look at Muslim Life and Beliefs [揭開伊斯蘭教的面紗：內部人士對穆斯林生活和信仰的看法]，頁 11:


architector

借自中古法語 architecteur，源自拉丁語 architectus、architectōn + 中古法語 -eur。

Then he said that Homer was wonderfull in all his things, but that amongst others, he was an excellent architector.

1579-1603，Thomas North，Plutarch's Lives，頁 570:


ha'

a (“有”)的另一種拼寫法

Well, girls have queer fancies ! Who'd ha' thought she'd ha' fancied Robin ! — though he's a brave sound-hearted little fellow […]

1833，S. C. Hall，The Buccaneer，卷s 1-2，頁 182:


undead

繼承自中古英語 undede，等價於 un- + dead。最早可考的使用見於1400年左右，名詞用法則起自20世紀早期。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-undead.wav

不死的 （已死亡但还能活动的）

When Anna and John finally break out of their self-centered bubbles to the shock that they must battle to the death an undead neighbor in a giant snowman costume, it plays like a poignant comment on movie teenagers' tendency to indulge their inner lives, ignorant of the world around them.

2018年November27日，April Wolfe，“Anna And The Apocalypse is a Holiday-horror Cocktail of Singing, Maiming, and Clichés”, in The A.V. Club，存檔自the original on 2019-11-04:


undead

In the zombie movie, an army of the undead accosted some nubile skinny-dipping teenagers.

在喪屍電影中，一群不死族跟一些性感的裸泳青年搭訕。

"Were another of the Un-Dead, like him, to try to do what he has done, perhaps not all the centuries of the world that have been, or that will be, could aid him."

1897，Bram Stoker，Dracula，New York: Doubleday & McClure, 出版於 1899，頁 xxiv. 319:

Harley got devoured by the undead / Lurking down in some old wizard's tomb / You can say there's no such thing as zombies / But that's how Harley Warren met his doom

2006，The H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society，“Harley Got Devoured by the Undead”, in An Even Scarier Solstice:

It’s an episode of characters returning to their own pasts as different people. They can retrench like Cersei, back on her bullshit, I mean, warpath. Or they can adapt, like The Hound. Neither way necessarily ensures success, but we know the archmaester isn’t unequivocally right. We’ve seen dragons reborn and armies of the undead. I wouldn’t be so sure that Wall will stand forever.

2017年July16日，Brandon Nowalk，“Chickens and dragons come home to roost on Game Of Thrones (newbies)”, in The Onion AV Club:


undead

"You will do me a service," the undead said to him.

“你要幫我一個忙。”不死人對他說。

Innocent VIII lent credibility to the actual existence of undeads, an action that perpetuated, and even stimulated, vampire hysteria.

依諾增爵八世让不死族的真实存在变得可信，这一行为延续了甚至刺激了对吸血鬼的恐慌。

1997，Carol Margaret Davison, Paul Simpson-Housley，Bram Stoker's Dracula: sucking through the century, 1897-1997:


saidan

Conducted in a specially designated ceremonial room, containing a Saidan, or altar, preparations for the ceremony begin with the placing of the likenesses of the Japanese gods upon the top tier, the most honorable place.

儀式在專門指定的儀式室進行，內有祭壇，儀式的準備工作首先是將日本神的神像放在最頂層、最尊貴的地方。

2000，Sean Grennan，Gangs: An International Approach，Pearson College Division:


mopper

the kitchen mopper was a short female Asian averting her gaze.

2004，Janet Kieffer，Food Chain: Short Stories，Lost Horse Press, →ISBN，頁 58:

A couple of moppers were then sent into the coffee-room with their proper implements, and quickly removed the soiling the floor had sustained.

1839，John Briggs，The history of Jim Crow，Smallfield and Son，頁 266:


garda

Garda的大小寫替代形式

A garda was ambling towards us.

有个警察正在慢慢朝我们这边走来。

A trainee garda who was sent home from Templemore Garda College after he was told the tattoo on his hand id not comply with the force's dress and uniform code said he has been “treated very unfairly”.

一名警察学员在被告知手上的纹身不符合警察着装和制服规范后，被坦普尔莫尔警察学院遣送回家，他表示自己受到了“非常不公平的对待”。

2023年August15日，Ken Foy，“Garda trainee sent home from Templemore over tattoo says he has been treated ‘very unfairly‘”, in Irish Independent，頁 6:


fumbling

（尤指手或手指的動作）行動笨拙

From the beginning her mini-campaign, with its many missteps and fumblings, seem mired in confusion.

2009年January25日，Sam Tanenhaus，“A Fumbled Handoff of the Torch”, in New York Times:


United Nations General Assembly

On December 17 I addressed the UN General Assembly, stating that it was this nation's policy to help create a world that "can be safe for diversity and free from hostility."

12月17日，我在联合国大会上发言，指出我国的政策是帮助创建一个“可以安全地实现多样性、没有敌意”的世界。

1971，Lyndon Johnson，“"I feel like I have already been here a year"”, in The Vantage Point，Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 23:


perfricate

perfricates (third-person singular present)
perfricating (present participle)
perfricated (past participle)

[…] they differ from embrocations, only in not being intended, like them, to be copiously used in washing or perfricating the part on which they are applied […]

1761，Robert Dossie，Theory and Practice of Chirurgical Pharmacy:


tulle

‘Before I forget, there is one turquoise tulle fabric I think you would love . . .’

“趁我还没忘记，有一种绿松石色薄纱面料我想你会喜欢的……”

2020，Abi Daré，The Girl With The Louding Voice，Sceptre，頁 240:


maieusiophobia

The perversion of normal maternal instinct known as maieusiophobia accounts for a few childless marriages, which may be attributed principally to the erroneous ideas advanced by mothers in the education of their daughters […]

被稱為分娩恐懼症的正常母性本能的變態導致了少數無子女的婚姻，這可能主要歸因於母親在教育女兒時提出的錯誤觀念 […]

1912，American Surgical Journal，卷 26，頁 277:


conversus

There were again the Novices, who were not all necessarily young, for a conversus passed through a noviciate; and even a monk of another order, or of another house of their own order, and even a monk from a cell of their own house, was reckoned among the novices.

1856，Edward L. Cutts，“The Monks of the Middle Ages”, in The Art-Journal，卷 2，頁s 342–3:

The Conversi were, in fact, the servants of the Monks; or, as the chronicler more mildly phrases it, the Monks were the head and the Conversi were the arms of the conventual body.

1874，Edmund Sharpe，The Architecture of the Cistercians，卷 2，頁 9:

A story in the early thirteenth-century vita of Arnulf (d. 1228), a conversus who was Abundus’s confrere at Villers, offers us some insight into the kind of relationship Juette and Abundus may have had: […]

1995，Jennifer Carpenter，“Juette of Huy, Recluse and Mother […]”, in Power of the Weak: Studies on Medieval Women, →ISBN，頁 74:


regexp

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒˌɛksp/

I guess it also can come in handy when trying to learn regexps because it is possible to experiment with them.

我想在嘗試學習正規表示式時它也會派上用場，因為可以對它們進行實驗。

1999，Tim Altom, Mitch Chapman，Programming with Python，Prima Tech, →ISBN:


converted

He was a converted Jew, living in a converted chapel.

他是一名皈依的猶太教徒，住在一座經改建的會堂裡。

Think of banking today and the image is of grey-suited men in towering skyscrapers. Its future, however, is being shaped in converted warehouses and funky offices in San Francisco, New York and London, where bright young things in jeans and T-shirts huddle around laptops, sipping lattes or munching on free food.

提到今天的银行业，人们就会想到高耸的摩天大楼里，穿着灰色西装的男人。然而在旧金山、纽约和伦敦的改建仓库和时髦办公室中，它的未来新形态正在悄然产生：在那里，穿着牛仔裤和T恤的时髦年轻人挤在笔记本电脑周围，喝着拿铁或吃着免费食物。

2013年August3日，“Revenge of the nerds”, in The Economist，卷 408, 期 8847:


obasan

借自日語 小母さん (obasan)。

Some day Japanese women may be seen parading the streets bearing banners on which are written “Votes for Women,”—at least what appears to be a movement in this direction was inaugurated last week, says the Far East, when a public meeting for women was held at the Kanda Y. M. C. A. under the auspices of a woman’s periodical, the Blue-Stocking.[…]Mere male creatures were allowed to be present, and curious University students who wanted to see what all the fuss was about were obliged to ask the obasans in their neighbourhood if they could seek their protection.

1913年March6日，The Japan Chronicle，old series, number 819; new series, number 583, Kobe，頁 423:

In the novel Naomi stands between two obasans, the one of the title, her great-aunt, the other aunt Emily, her mother’s sister.

在小說中，Naomi 站在兩個歐巴桑中間，一個是書名中的姨婆，另一個是 Emily 阿姨，她母親的妹妹。

1992，Anglistentag 1991 Dusseldorf: Proceedings，Max Niemeyer Verlag，頁 380:

Even if osteoporosis is not so common in elderly Japanese women as in Caucasians when measured in terms of bone density and fractures, I am still convinced that the many obasans one sees in Japan bent nearly double did not get that way merely from planting rice.

The boys resist the Japanese names by which the obasans of the camp address them as willfully as they renounce any identification with the fragmented body of the aged grandfather.

男孩們拒絕接受營裡的歐巴桑們對他們的稱呼，就像他們拒絕與年邁祖父支離破碎的屍體有任何認同一樣。

2001，David L. Eng，Racial Castration: Managing Masculinity in Asian America，Durham, N.C., London: :en:Duke University Press, →ISBN，頁 120:

“Yeah,” September replied, “old woman. Push and shove. Often Tokyo obasans cut in line for everything and when they get caught they act innocent. They have power and they know it, like old-lady Morimoto, the drycleaner in our building. Geez, whoever designs obasan clothing should be arrested. Those tan shoes you’re wearing are revolting. I dressed up in those clothes for a Halloween party a few years back. But I didn’t look half as real as you.”

2004，Janice Valerie Young，Sweet Daruma: A Japan Satire，New York, Lincoln, Shanghai: iUniverse, Inc., →ISBN，頁s 61–62:

Elderly gents in berets walked past us, elegant with walking canes, escorting obasans, grandmothers in gleaming tabi socks and geta clogs, treading lightly upon the path with a fixedness approaching solemnity.

2006，:en:Trevor Carolan，The Pillow Book of Dr Jazz: Travels Along Asia’s Dharma Trail，Ekstasis Editions, →ISBN，頁 227:

You were nearly hypnotized by the enchanting aroma of the smoke, but managed to keep a steady pace, not wanting to be pegged as a tourist by two obasans, who, cheeks red from the cold, were chatting while cradling grandchildren in their arms.

你幾乎被迷人的煙霧催眠了，但還是勉強保持著平穩的步伐，不想被兩個臉頰凍紅、懷裡抱著孫子聊天的歐巴桑當作遊客盯上。

2007，Chu T’ien-hsin，譯者 :en:Howard Goldblatt, The Old Capital: A Novel of Taipei，New York, N.Y.: :en:Columbia University Press, →ISBN，頁s 164–165:

Have you noticed what word the sales people at Shibuya 109, the Kiyoto “maiko” and night club hostesses use to refer to older women to avoid saying “obasan?”[…]Miu: Oh, wasn’t there some minister who got in trouble for calling women “reproductive machines?” Me: Exactly. That mentality. There are lots of women in their 30s and older who truly dread being called “obasan.” If it hasn’t happened already, then it could happen any second. Horrors! Miu: Moment of metamorphosis. Society decrees you useless for preservation of the species. Me: I like being obasan. I am proud of being obasan. Miu: OK, obasan. Me: Obasan is a title that you earn as a woman when you grow older and wiser and better.[…]Me: Women should be proud of being obasan. Miu: Of course. Me: Obasan Power! Miu: That’s a good way to put it. Me: But all you see in the Japanese media much of the time are obasans rushing to bargains, gossiping, taking flamenco lessons. Miu: What’s the solution? Me: I’m not sure. Data show Japanese women are choosing not to get married and not to have children, even if they do by some miracle get married.

2011，Yuri Kageyama，The New and Selected Yuri: Writing 源自Peeling Till Now，Ishmael Reed Publishing Company/Xlibris, →ISBN，頁s 107–108:

Obasans. Every block in Tokyo has one such lady who sees that everyone on the block packages their garbage correctly.

2012，History of Natto and Its Relatives (1405-2012): Extensively Annotated Bibliography and Sourcebook，Soyinfo Center, →ISBN，頁 452:

I see my best friends, Walter Okura and Alvin Wakayama, with their obasans and moms visiting the very spot where Buddha attained Enlightenment.

我看到我最好的朋友 Walter Okura 和 Alvin Wakayama 帶著他們的歐巴桑和媽媽參觀了佛陀成道的地方。

2020，R.K. Lindsey, Jr.，Waimea I Ka La’i，:en:iUniverse, →ISBN:

“Obasan, not now.” CDI Jones was unduly rude. Although Matsumoto-sama was somewhere in her forties like me, I considered rude to address her as ‘obasan.’[…]“Flowers?” Zach asked. “For the obasans.” Wakabayashi said as if it was obvious.

「歐巴桑，現在不行。」CDI Jones 太粗魯了。雖然 Matsumoto 大人和我一樣四十多歲，但我認為稱呼她為歐巴桑是不禮貌的。 […] 「鮮花？」Zach 問。「給歐巴桑們的。」Wakabayashi 說道，彷彿這是理所當然的。

2020，M. David Scoble，Zach Tragic in Forgotten Tokyo: A Near-Future Bad Luck Thriller，Moogi and Wil Books:

When I talk to the neighborhood obasans back home, I talk a lot more simply.

當我回到家鄉與鄰居歐巴桑交談時，我說話要簡單得多。

2021，Harmony Becker，Himawari House，First Second，頁 348:


mutine

mutines (third-person singular present)
mutining (present participle)
mutined (past participle)

反叛，叛亂，起義 （16-18世紀）

They gan to gather in tumultuous rout, / And mutining to stirre up civill faction / For certaine losse of so great expectation […].

1596，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book V, Canto II”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


perseverate

perseverates (third-person singular present)
perseverating (present participle)
perseverated (past participle)

/pəːˈsɛvəɹeɪt/

/pɚˈsɛvəˌɹeɪt/

堅持做某事；在原始刺激結束後繼續重複某個動作

After perseverating for several more months, Woodrow Wilson accepted the offer.

2013，A Scott Berg，Wilson，Berkley, 出版於 2014，頁 84:


perseverating

more perseverating (comparative)
most perseverating (superlative)

/pəˈsɛvəɹeɪtɪŋ/

The uses in many Western languages of words meaning ‘word’ to refer to acts of speech are perseverating traces of primary orality.

在许多西方语言中，使用意思是“词”的词语来指代言语行为，这是原始口头语言持久留存的痕迹。

2011，David Bellos，Is That a Fish in Your Ear?，Penguin, 出版於 2012，頁 120:


persisting

Still, in the very fullest blaze of gospel light, while we see that both Christ and His work are most ungratefully and flagrantly dishonoured, by our persistings in the attempt to do for ourselves what He has told us we cannot do, […]

1854，Robert Aitken，The teaching of the types，頁 99:


indica

借自拉丁語 indica，因其與印度次大陸有關。

The isograms were typical of differences between two subspecies but also of those between different lines of japonicas or indicas.

这些等值线图不仅体现了两个亚种之间的差异，而且也体现了粳稻或籼稻不同品系之间的差异。

1986，Rice Genetics: Proceedings of the International Rice Genetics Symposium, 27-31 May 1985，International Rice Research Institute:

Most commonly grown strains of cannabis are sativa, indica, or a hybrid of the two. Sativas have long skinny leaves; indicas have short, fat, stubby leaves.

最常见的大麻品种是大麻、印度大麻或两者的混合品种。大麻有的叶子细长；印度大麻的叶子短、肥、粗。

2008，J. C. Stitch，Marijuana Garden Saver: Handbook for Healthy Plants:


Denis

源自古希臘語的男性人名，Dennis 的英國及愛爾蘭常用異體

Shall not thou and I, between Saint Denis and Saint George, compound a boy, half French, half English, that shall go to Constantinople and take the Turk by the beard?

1599，William Shakespeare，“The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio)，London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:


Dionysius

借自拉丁語 Dionysius，源自古希臘語 Διονύσιος (Dionúsios)。

Howbeit certain men clave unto him, and believed: among the which was Dionysius the Areopagite, and a woman named Damaris, and others with them.

但有幾個人貼近他，信了主，其中有亞略巴古的官丟尼修，並一個婦人，名叫大馬哩，還有別人一同信從。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Acts 17:34:


foofoo

可能是 frou-frou 的簡化形式。

more foofoo (comparative)
most foofoo (superlative)

溫和的，不適合男人或成年人的

Here we are. A man's coffee for me, and a soy foofoo coffee for you.[…]I think the barista assumed I was buying the foofoo coffee for my girlfriend.


Parisienne

借自法語 Parisienne，Parisien 的陰性形式，源自 Paris。

It is so natural to a Parisienne, even when passion has almost mastered her, to hesitate and pause before taking the plunge.

1900, translated from Honoré de Balzac's The Works of Honoré de Balzac, page 157:

Proclaiming taste to be a learned as much as an inborn trait, they sought to establish themselves as aesthetic educators of the vulnerable, unschooled Parisienne.

2001，Lisa Tierstan，Marianne in the Market，California，頁 122:


loins

Neuertheleſſe, thou ſhalt not build the houſe, but thy ſonne that ſhall come foorth out of thy loynes, hee ſhall build the house vnto my Name.

只是你不可建殿，惟你所生的兒子必為我名建殿。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Kings 8:19，列 1:


Byelorussia

借自俄語 Белоруссия (Belorussija)。

/ˌbjɛləˈrʌʃə/

In Byelorussia, Stalin not only killed 100,000 people in purges and repression in the 1930s but also doomed 1.5 million people and 75 percent of the republic's cities and towns to death and destruction through his half-witted military strategies in World War II.

在白俄罗斯，斯大林不仅在1930年代的清洗和镇压中杀害了10万人，而且在第二次世界大战中通过他愚蠢的军事策略，注定了共和国内150万人的死亡、75%的城镇遭到破坏。

1992，Richard Nixon，“The Former Evil Empire”, in Seize the Moment，Simon & Schuster, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 57:


yack

If 't ash tree buds before 't yack, […]

Awd stiff yack nut eeasy bended, […]

1878，John Castillo，Poems in the North Yorkshire Dialect, section 25:


yack

I have got the Yacks, so do not come it. Fight cocum.

1859，Snowden's magistrates assistant，頁 498:

[…] and away I scampered with the tiddlywink-table, while Teddy Limber […] frisked the yokel of his yack and skin.

1863，George William MacArthur Reynolds，The Mysteries of the Court of London，卷 3，頁 86:


contristate

源自拉丁語 contristatus，contristare (“使悲傷”) 的過去分詞。

contristates (third-person singular present)
contristating (present participle)
contristated (past participle)

Somewhat they [Harmonical sounds and Discordant Sounds] do contristate , but very little

1631，Francis [Bacon]，“9。Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […]，第3rd版, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], →OCLC:

They are contristated to repentance.

1637，William Chillingworth，The Religion of Protestants:

For the insufferable sadness of a heart smitten almost prostrate grieves, contristates, and affects me.

1861，H. E. Dennehy，The Church of the First Three Centuries:


remord

源自中古英語 remorden，源自盎格魯-諾曼語及中古法語 remordre，源自拉丁語 remordeō，源自 re- + mordeō；對比加泰羅尼亞語 remordir、remordre、法語 remordre、意大利語 rimordere、古奧克語 remordre、葡萄牙語 remorder、西班牙語 remorder。

remords (third-person singular present)
remording (present participle)
remorded (past participle)

Dyvers People That Remord This Rymyng
Agaynst the Scot

a. 1529，John Skelton，Agaynstethe Scottes:


fricassée

“We have nothing but some Barbacue soused in wine in the Spanish fashion, and a few fricassées, or so.”

“我们除了西班牙流行的一些用葡萄酒腌过的烧烤，还有一些焖肉之类的东西外，什么也没有。”

1858，George W[alter] Thornbury，Every Man His Own Trumpeter，卷 I, London: Hurst and Blackett, […]，頁 164:

With a quick sweep of my eye, I see fricassées, steamed bass and poached salmon, roast snipe, peacock, teal, mallard and quail, game pies and carbonados, tarts of marrowbone, neats' tongues, venison pasties, baked guinea fowl, compound salads, dishes of cream, quinces, comfits and marzipans, preserves, cheeses and fruits.

我快速扫视一眼，看到了焖肉块、清蒸鲈鱼、水煮三文鱼、烤鹬、孔雀、水鸭、野鸭和鹌鹑、野味馅饼、黑牛排、骨髓馅饼、牛舌、鹿肉馅饼、烤珍珠鸡、什锦沙拉、奶油、榅桲、蜜饯、杏仁糖、蜜饯、奶酪和水果。

1989，Rose Tremain，“Wedding Games”, in Restoration: A Novel，London: Hamish Hamilton, →ISBN; 再版 London: Random House, 2010, →ISBN:

He went to the royal quarters and found the King sitting on the floor with a dish of fricassées from which he was feeding his dogs, making them take their turns checked by a small stick he was holding.

他去到宫里，发现国王坐在地板上，手里拿着一盘焖肉，他正在用这盘菜喂狗，用他手里的一根小棍子确保它们能轮流吃上。

2000，David Fraser，Frederick the Great: King of Prussia，Penguin Books, →ISBN，頁 245:


fricassée

fricassées (third-person singular present)
fricasséeing (present participle)
fricasséed (past participle)

The hind quarters may be fricaséed, ragoûted, or done in a timbale or casserole, with any of the fine herb seasoning, and served as a first-course dish; […]

1827，a Lady，Domestic Economy, and Cookery, for Rich and Poor; Containing an Account of the Best English, Scotch, French, Oriental, and Other Foreign Dishes; […]，London: […] Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, and Green, […]，頁 414:

To Fricassée Cold Beef.

1862，Margaret Dods [pseudonym; Christian Isobel Johnstone]，The Cook and Housewife’s Manual: A Practical System of Modern Domestic Cookery and Family Management; […]，第11th版, Edinburgh: Oliver and Boyd, […]; London: Simpkin, Marshall, and Co.，頁 292:

“Frogs were killed and as conscientiously fricasséed à la mode de Paris when we had learnt all other lessons from them.”

1995，Janet Browne，Charles Darwin: Voyaging，New York, N.Y.: Alfred A. Knopf, →ISBN，頁 105:

That got me a wordless glare that would’ve fricasséed a squid.

2005，David Wishart，Food for the Fishes，Hodder & Stoughton, →ISBN:

Then, against the wall, there were gridirons big enough for burning martyrs, saucepans in which a whole sheep could be fricasséed, a monumental plate-warmer, a marble basin filled with a continual trickle of water.

2008，Émile Zola，譯者 April Fitzlyon, Ladies’ Delight，Oneworld Classics, →ISBN，頁 281:

I didn’t know it at the time, but I was fricasséeing.

我当时并不知道，正在焖肉。

2017，Miles Jupp，Egg & Soldiers: A Childhood Memoir，Headline Publishing Group, →ISBN:


reforge

reforges (third-person singular present)
reforging (present participle)
reforged (past participle)

"For too long, there has been a missing link between the East and West Midlands, and this is our opportunity to reforge it," said Webbe.

韦伯说：“长期以来，东西米德兰兹之间一直缺失联系，而这正是我们重建它的机会。”

2022年February23日，“Network News: MP urges link between Midlands cities to be 'reforged'”, in RAIL，期 951，頁 24:


Ü-Tsang

借自藏語 དབུས་གཙང (dbus gtsang)。

衛藏，烏思藏，藏區傳統和文化上的一個地區

The government-in-exile calls Tibet “Cholka-sum”, meaning “The Three Provinces”. These historic areas are U-Tsang, which roughly corresponds to the TAR, Amdo centred around Qinghai Province, and Kham centred around Sichuan in China’s southwest.

[2008年March21日，“Who are the Tibetans, what is Tibet?”, in Reuters，存檔自the original on 2022-06-27, Global Coverage 2:

The Tibetan plateau — the geographic and cultural region associated with Tibet — has traditionally been divided into four historical regions. Three are almost entirely in China: Amdo in the north, now associated mostly with Qinghai and Gansu provinces in China, Kham in the east, split between Sichuan province and TAR, and Ü-Tsang, or central Tibet, the region is generally identified with the idea of Tibet, both culturally and administratively, although parts of Ü-Tsang extend to northern Nepal and the Indian states of Sikkim and Arunachal Pradesh.

2020年July11日，Akhilesh Pillalamarri，“History of Tibet-Ladakh Relations and Their Modern Implications”, in The Diplomat，存檔自the original on 2020-07-13:


inequalness

Programming results indicate a marked inequalness in the incidence of the 16 feeding systems.

程式結果表明，16 種餵食方式的發生率明顯不平等。

1965，Donald C. Taylor，Income Improving Adjustments and Normative Supply Responses for Hogs and Beef in Southwestern Minnesota，頁 53:


Crimean

He also thought nothing of laying down a railway in a war zone. For example, he was one of those behind the Grand Crimean Central Railway, built during the Crimean War [...].

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Chester (1848)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 57:


Qapla'

借自克林貢語 Qapla' (“成功”)。

/q͡χɑpʰˈlɑʔ/

表示祝願某人好運（尤指在光榮的戰鬥中）

success (n) Qapla'

1985，Marc Okrand，The Klingon Dictionary，Pocket Books, →ISBN，頁s 103, 155:

It is hoped that this report . . . will help lead to the reconciliation of the two governments. Qapla'.

1996，Marc Okrand，The Klingon Way: A Warrior's Guide，Pocket Books, →ISBN，頁 x:

Maltz, we are honored to still be your students. Qapla'.

1997，Marc Okrand，Klingon for the Galactic Traveler，Pocket Books,, →ISBN，頁 5:

Qapla!

2000，Brian Proffitt，Add Red Hat Linux 7 to your Windows desktop in a weekend，Prima Tech,, →ISBN，頁 133:

Tina shrugged her shoulders, nodding helplessly. She was beat. “Qapla!” she said, grinning back at Leigh. / “Success!” Leigh laughed, translating the word from the alien Klingon language[…]

2000，Jacqueline Guest，Rookie Season，James Lorimer & Company,, →ISBN，頁 5:

“Well, in that case, good luck and—er—Qapla'.”

2003，L. A. Graf et al.，Day Of Honor: The bestselling Klingon™ saga—complete in one volume!:

Thank you for all the years of patiently being there, especially on those dark and stormy nights when things detonated unexpectedly and I needed rescuing yet again. Qapla'!

2004, Jacqueline Guest, Racing Fear, James Lorimer & Company, ISBN 9781550288384, 5:

Sean Penn: Qapla’!

2004, Trey Parker, Matt Stone, and Pam Brady, Team America: World Police, Paramount Pictures

Go forth and hack, Qapla!

2005 October 19-21, Andrew Chalmers, “Hurd is where I hide.”, AUUGN 2005: Conference Proceedings, Sydney, page 145:

Unable to resist a sudden temptation, he threw out his arm in a Klingon salute. / “Qapla’!” / He vanished into the photo on his phone.

2009，Greg Cox，The 4400: Welcome to Promise City，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 187:


supermoon

And should the moon happen to hit its ever-shifting orbital perigee at the same time that it lies athwart from the sun, we are treated to a so-called supermoon, a full moon that can seem close enough to embrace – as much as 12 percent bigger and 30 percent brighter than the average full moon. […] Some astronomers dislike the whole supermoon hoopla. They point out that the term originated with astrology, not astronomy; that perigee full moons are not all that rare, coming an average of every 13 months; and that their apparently swollen dimensions are often as much a matter of optical illusion and wishful blinking as of relative lunar nearness.

2014年September7日，Natalie Angier，“The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face, International New York Times, 10 September 2014, p. 8]”, in The New York Times:


Muslime

They were Christians sent to a third world country to help... They were taken
hostage by muSLIMES.... and now one is dead at the hand of the muSLIMES.....

他們是被派往第三世界國家幫助人們的基督徒……
他們被穆斯林扣作人質……現在其中一人還死在穆斯林的手裡……

2002年June7日，PiggyAllaaaah，“Missionary killed in the Philippines by muSLIMES!.”, in soc.culture.israel (Usenet):

All pukistani muslimes are TERRORISTS. The whole world despises and
hates all pukistani muslimes. Nobody in the world respects the
pukistani muslimes and finger print all pukistani muslimes in
airports. Pukistani muslimes run across the canadian border like pigs.

所有巴基斯坦穆斯林都是恐怖分子。全世界都鄙視
都討厭所有的巴基斯坦穆斯林。沒有人尊重
巴基斯坦穆斯林，機場給所有
巴基斯坦穆斯林採集指紋。巴基斯坦穆斯林像豬一樣跑過加拿大邊界。

2004年March30日，Shripathi Kamath，“Pukistani muslimes are terrorists, jihadis and pigs”, in rec.sport.cricket (Usenet):

As a Muslime I'm bound by the Quran, the Word of a dog, and the Sunnah,
the way of the Fake Prophet, and not by any other human being.
All sewage is due to Allah

身為一名穆斯林，我被狗的言語——《古蘭經》，
以及假先知的道路——聖行，而非其他人類所束縛著。
所有的污穢都拜安拉所賜

2006年June26日，Dr Vineharberg，“As a Muslime I'm bound by the Quran”, in uk.religion.islam (Usenet):

How does someone become a Muslime?
Simply by saying 'there is no god apart from God, and Muhammad Pedophile.'

有些人怎麼就成了穆斯林呢？
簡單來說，“除了真主和戀童癖·穆罕默德之外，世上再沒有其他的神。”

2007年December26日，Deport-Muslims，“How to become a muslime”, in aus.religion.islam (Usenet):

All the difference in the world, since it's the Muslimes who are causing all the problems in the Middle East now.

2014年August1日，fred1...@gmail.com，“The only thing Israel is good for is pedding the myth of God.”, in alt.atheism (Usenet):

Why quite rightly? Is there something about Muslimes fucking little kids
that you would like to hide?
Johnston Press are noted for removing reports regarding Muslimes.

2017年April14日，Mr Pounder Esquire，“Ping Harry: Protests outside court as 29 face 170 child sex charges”, in uk.legal (Usenet):

He is of course correct to say that Muslimes cannot be English.

他說穆斯林不可能是英國人，那當然是正確的。

2020年November20日，KKKernal Corn，“lol fabricant (whatwhig?) says muslims can't be british... but jews can eh! (yes under the blonde wig he's a jew...)”, in uk.politics.misc (Usenet):


iftar

借自阿拉伯語 إِفْطَار (ʔifṭār)。

Iftars can be social events, where people congregate to eat and socialize.

开斋饭可以是社交活动，人们聚集在一起吃饭和社交。

On a recent afternoon in the Tunisian coastal city of Sfax, as shoppers hurried around a market buying food and drink for that evening’s iftar meal, a small group of men from sub-Saharan Africa gathered near a stall selling phone accessories.

在突尼斯海濱城市斯法克斯，前一陣子的某個下午。市場裡的購物者匆忙買好吃的喝的，準備當晚的開齋飯。此時，一小群來自撒哈拉以南非洲的人，聚集在一家售賣手機配件的攤位旁。

2023年March30日，Simon Speakman Cordall，“Tunisian morgue overflows as more people attempt risky sea crossing [因為越來越多人無視危險嘗試渡海，突尼斯的停屍房不堪重負]”, in The Guardian:


niggerling

小黑鬼；年輕或矮小的黑人

'Yes, missey,' the niggerling acquiesced, bestowing a slow smile on Snob and Snowball, who had accompanied him into the room.

「是的，小姐，」小黑鬼默認了，對陪他走進房間的勢利者和斯諾鮑爾微笑。

1981，Ronald Firbank，Five Novels，(New Directions Publishing)，頁 142:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:niggerling。


anyon

源自 any + -on，因為當粒子交換時，它們可以具有任何相。由弗朗克·韋爾切克在1982年造出（《物理評論快報》）。

勿與 anion 混淆。

The anyon concept has been used to describe phenomena in connection with the fractional quantum Hall effect (FOHE).

1995，Erik B Karlsson，Solid State Phenomena: As Seen by Muons, Protons, and Excited Nuclei:


good news

The mainstream media hones in on bad news stories where UK railways are concerned, yet gives scant attention to the many items of good news emerging from the network.

主流媒体专注于英国铁路相关的坏消息，却很少关注网络上出现的许多好消息。

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Aylesbury (2009)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 61:


amphiptere

源頭來自古希臘語 ἀμφί (amphí，“amphi-”) + πτερόν (pterón，“翅膀”)。

amphipteres (plural)
amphithere (alternative)
amphitere (alternative)

Azure, an amphiptere or, rising between two mountains argent, are the arms of Camoens, the Portuguese poet.

1969，John Vinycomb，Fictitious and Symbolic Creatures in Art，Library of Alexandria, →ISBN:


tastant

Early structure-taste theories attempted to identify certain common structural features of tastants and to attribute a specific taste to these.

2012，Trevor H. Grenby，Advances in Sweeteners，頁 4:


heart attack

Before kick-off, a section of Chelsea's support sadly let themselves and their club down by noisily interrupting the silence held in memory of the Hillsborough disaster and for Livorno midfielder Piermario Morosini, who collapsed and died after suffering a heart attack during a Serie B game on Saturday.

開球前，現場原本在哀悼，紀念星期六在一場乙級賽事中因心肌梗死而倒地身亡的利沃諾中場球員皮爾馬里奧·莫羅西尼。可一部分切爾西球迷卻以喧嘩打破了沉默，讓他們自己和球隊蒙羞。

2012年April15日，Phil McNulty，“Tottenham 1-5 Chelsea”, in BBC:


himbo

him + bimbo 組成的混成詞，首次記錄於1988年，可能受到當時美國政壇性醜聞的影響。

‘Himbo’ Flexes His Pecs in U.K. Ads [title]

1991年August12日，Stuart Emmrich，“‘Himbo’ Flexes His Pecs in U.K. Ads”, in Adweek，卷 41，頁 16:

[…] a reboot in which a cryptocurrency billionaire, maybe the son of Luke Ward, whose series arc traces an evolution from villain to beloved himbo, moves to Newport Beach and takes control of the local real estate market.

2022年March31日，David Yaffe-Bellany，“Ben McKenzie Would Like a Word With the Crypto Bros”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


sightsee

sightsees (third-person singular present)
sightseeing (present participle)
sightsaw (past)
sightseen (past participle)

The German team liked each other, ate, drank, sightsaw, sunbathed and worked their horses together. All were firmly rooting for Ludwig. A German victory was all that mattered.

德国队员间彼此喜欢，一起吃饭、喝酒、观光、晒日光浴、训练马匹。所有人都坚定地支持路德维希。德国队的胜利才是最重要的。

It was their first time on the Continent and they sight-saw for a week in Paris […].

这是他们第一次来到欧洲大陆，他们在巴黎观光了一星期[…]。

2013，A Scott Berg，Wilson，Berkley, 出版於 2014，頁 142:


moral code

When the moral code that requires service to the public good decays, the legitimacy of the state collapses.

当为公共利益服务的道德准则衰落时，国家的合法性就会崩溃。

2020年November27日，Charles Hugh Smith，Moral Decay Leads to Collapse:


chevon

美國營銷用詞，來自法語 chèvre (“山羊”) + -on，-on來自mutton (“綿羊肉”)。

While goats are already established as a good source of meat (chevon) and milk, sheep are relatively new requiring further attention in terms of promotion.

1995，Annex 3: The Philippine small ruminant industry: Global Agenda for Livestock Research，unnumbered 頁:

Chevon is the meat from the goat. Chevon is sold in finer restaurants as a delicacy for huge prices. It's been reported that chevon steaks can cost over $45 on the East Coast, yet many people refuse to taste is^([sic]) when it is served from our kitchen.

2006，Mary Turner Stille，The Goat Care Handbook，第2nd版，unnumbered 頁:

If you cook chevon using too high of a heat setting, the meat will lose its moisture and become tough.

2011，Kenneth V. Oster，The Complete Guide to Preserving Meat, Fish, and Game，頁 181:


averruncate

源自拉丁語 āverruncāre (“避免”)，源自 āb (“除去”) + verruncāre (“轉動”)，但被解釋為 āb + ēruncāre (“除去，剔除”)，並使用了對應的拼寫。

averruncates (third-person singular present)
averruncating (present participle)
averruncated (past participle)

Unless by providential wit, / Or force, we averruncate it.

1859，Samuel Butler，“Canto 1, Line 758”, in Hudibras，頁 31:


before long

They left before long. ― 他們沒多久便離開了。

It is to be hoped that some corresponding smartening up of these other schedules may be expected before long.

希望不久之后这些时刻表就会得到一些相应的改进。

1961 October，“The winter timetables of British Railways: Southern Region”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 593:


shash

shashes (third-person singular present)
shashing (present participle)
shashed (past participle)

The machine shashed and crackled, broadcasting silence. Urgently the man repeated, 'Shearwater, Shearwater, Shearwater. This is Brewmarine. Keith speaking. Over. Over.' More shashing, more silence.


heatmapping

The digit in Fig 23 changes towards that class label which the classifier and the heatmapping implicitly perceive as the nearest neighbor.

2015年July11日，“On Pixel-Wise Explanations for Non-Linear Classifier Decisions by Layer-Wise Relevance Propagation”, in PLOS ONE, →DOI:


catloaf

源自 cat (“貓”) + loaf (“一條或一塊（麵包）”)。

家貓的一種坐姿，將爪子和尾巴藏在身體下方；因形似麵包而得名

And Gary never got to see him do the full catloaf, where he curled up face-down so that all that stuck out were the tips of his ears. I never got a picture of that, either.

而Gary永遠沒有看到他完全變成一塊貓麵包，他會蜷縮著面朝下，只露出耳朵的尖端。我也沒有拍到那樣的照片。

1999，Ailsa N Murphy，“RIP, Silver-The-Cat”, in rec.arts.sf.fandom (Usenet):

One must often attend to the tail and ensure it remains tucked and not become flippant, so as to maintain a catloaf of presentable form.

人們必須經常注意尾巴，確保它保持捲起狀態，不要變得輕浮，這樣才能保持貓麵包的美觀。

2004，Franz Bestuchev，“catloaf”, in alt.support.depression (Usenet):

"Catloaf" position with paws and tail tucked under the body: "Please do not disturb!"

「貓麵包」姿勢，爪子和尾巴藏在身體底下：「請勿打擾！」

2009，Brigitte Eilert-Overbeck，Cats, →ISBN，頁 47:


platteland

'It's a local fish - tastes just like barracuda,' said Leo from behind the bar as we dug into platteland-size plates of fish. A bunch of boitjies stood resting their boeps against the counter and talking about fish size and breast size.

2002，Justin Fox，With both hands waving: a journey through Mozambique，頁 44:


pummel

pummels (third-person singular present)
pummelling
pummeling
pummelled
pummeled

Rain pummeled the roof.

雨滴接連不斷地打在屋頂上。

The boxer pummeled his opponent.

The best of friends become the worst of enemies when Barney makes a hilarious attack ad where he viciously pummels a cardboard cut-out of Homer before special guest star Linda Ronstadt joins the fun to both continue the attack on the helpless Homer stand-in and croon a slanderously accurate, insanely catchy jingle about how “Mr. Plow is a loser/And I think he is a boozer.”

2012年June3日，Nathan Rabin，“TV: Review: THE SIMPSONS (CLASSIC): “Mr. Plow” (season 4, episode 9; originally aired 11/19/1992)”, in (請指定書籍名或刊物名):


smelting

Buried within the Mediterranean littoral are some seventy to ninety million tons of slag from ancient smelting, about a third of it concentrated in Iberia. This ceaseless industrial fueling caused the deforestation of an estimated fifty to seventy million acres of woodlands.

2006，Edwin Black，章號 2, in Internal Combustion:


divinator

Of this number are all superstitious idolaters, ethnicks, Mahometans, Jewes, heretiques, enthusiasts, divinators, prophets, sectaries, and schismatiques

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:


modder

源自 mod (“改變（物體）的原始狀態”) + -er (構成施事名詞的後綴)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Naomi Persephone Amethyst (NaomiAmethyst)-modder.wav

（批量生產之物品或軟體／軟件的）改裝者

Content creators (or ‘modders’) are individuals who create additional content for computer games. […] The creation of 3D models requires a lot of skill, with modders needing to have knowledge of 3D design software and coding so that the models can function within the game itself.

內容創作者（或稱「模組製作者」）是為電腦遊戲創建附加內容的個人。 … 創建 3D 模型需要很多技能，模組製作者需要具備 3D 設計軟體和編碼知識，以便模型能夠在遊戲中發揮作用。

2021年August11日，Chris Howe，“Inspire the March of the ‘Mods’”, in Rail，期 937, Peterborough, Cambridgeshire: Bauer Media, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 62:


cuny

I early found my way to ships to become a sea-cuny.

我早早地就加入了船隊，當上了一名二等水兵。


auk

來自冰島語 álka，來自古諾爾斯語 alka (“海雀”)，來自原始日耳曼語 *alkǭ，源自原始印歐語 *h₁el- (“一種鳥”)。與瑞典語 alka (“海雀”)、挪威語及丹麥語 alke (“海雀”)、瑞典語方言alla (“長尾鴨”) (Clangula hyemalis, syn. Fuligula glacialis)、拉丁語 olor (“天鵝”)、古希臘語 ἐλέα (eléa，“沼澤鳥”)、威爾士語 alarch (“天鵝”)同源。

awk (alternative)
alk (alternative)
auks (plural)

Further afield, these auks are also in dire straits: Norway has seen vertiginous crashes, with hundreds of thousands of adult puffins in the once-teeming colony of Røst struggling to fledge any chicks in recent years.

在更遠的地方，這些海雀也陷入了可怕的困境：挪威發生了令人眩暈的崩潰狀況，近年來，在曾經人口稠密的勒斯特棲息地，數十萬隻成年海雀正掙扎着養大雛鳥。


contrariant

繼承自中古英語 contrariaunt，源自古法語 contrariant，源自晚期拉丁語 contrāriāns，contrāriō 的現在分詞。

more contrariant (comparative)
most contrariant (superlative)

the struggles of contrariant factions

1795，Samuel Taylor Coleridge，address delivered in Bristol:

The learned Chancellor concludes:—“We have long ago satisfied ourselves that natural science, as represented by Darwin, is not contrariant to revealed religon, and it is a wholesome thing to be remnided that every good and perfect gift cometh from the Father of Light.”

1903年January14日，“Current Notes”, in Bye-Gones: Relating to Wales and the Border Counties，卷 8，頁 8:


supposer

It is evident, however, that such suppositions can do no more than illustrate the peculiar opinions of the supposer, and cannot prove that which, in the nature of things, they pre-suppose.

1834，Sir James Mackintosh，History of the revolution in England in 1688:


icecube

ice cube的另一種拼寫法

She began to listen for the clunk and drop of the icecubes again— She fought it off.

2011，斯蒂芬·金，末日逼近：完整未刪節版（The Stand: Complete and uncut edition），頁 298:


songster

繼承自中古英語 songster、sangester、sangstere，繼承自古英語 sangestre (“女歌手”)，等價於 song + -ster。同源詞包括低地蘇格蘭語 sangstar (“歌手”)。亦對照西弗里斯蘭語 sjongster (“歌手”)。

The woodcock, the snipe, and other nocturnal birds were all gone to rest; but the merry songsters of the wood now filled the air with their jubilee; the nutcracker began his monotonous clattering, the chaffinches and the wrens sang high in the sky, the blackcock scolded and blustered loudly, the thrush sang his mocking songs and libellous ditties about everybody, but became occasionally a little sentimental and warbled gently and bashfully some tender stanzas.

1886，Peter Christen Asbjørnsen，譯者 H.L. Brækstad, Folk and Fairy Tales，頁 89:

Because the Jew was often compelled to sing and dance to a fixed Mah Yafit melody at the wild orgies of the paritzim (wealthy Polish landowners), many deliberately discontinued singing Mah Yafit, thus causing the text to be removed from numerous Siddurim and songsters in the early 1900s.

1996，Macy Nulman，The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer，頁 234:


Artsakh

借自亞美尼亞語 Արցախ (Arcʻax)。

The historian Movses Khorenatsi (an Armenian source from the fifth century AD according to some, and the eighth century AD, according to others) indicated that the province of Utik (along with Artsakh with which it was contiguous on the south) was part of the Armenian kingdom of the Ervandunis (or Orontids) between the fourth to second centuries BC.

1994，Levon Chorbajian, Patrick Donabédian, Claude Mutafian，The Caucasian Knot: The History & Geopolitics of Nagorno-Karabagh，Zed Books，頁 53:

For the most part, Caucasian Albania (in Armenian, A[ġ]vank—that is Aghvank or Aghouank) only stretched a short way south of the Kura River. If there was a disputed province of ancient Armenia, it was Utik (which contained the town of Partav, at one time Caucasian Albania's capital, and the southern valley of the Kura), and not Artsakh, the more mountainous region corresponding to Karabakh and Shahumianovsk today.

2003年December16日，John Wright, Richard Schofield, Suzanne Goldenberg，Transcaucasian Boundaries，Routledge，頁 91:

Khorenatsi indicated that the province of Utik, together with Artsakh adjoining it to the south, formed part of the Armenian kingdom of the Ervandunis (or Orontids) in the fourth to second centuries BC.

2016年May13日，Ohannes Geukjian，Ethnicity, Nationalism and Conflict in the South Caucasus: Nagorno-Karabakh and the Legacy of Soviet Nationalities Policy，Routledge，頁 30:


absenter

缺席者，暫時離開者 （最早見於16世紀末）

[…] if many of them that vse the meanes of saluation, shall not bee saued, where shall wilfull Recusants, obstinate absenters, and carelesse contemners of the Word, appeare?

1621，Thomas Taylor，The Parable of the Sower and the Seed，London: John Bartlet，頁 259:

It was little to be wondered at, from this account that the country-folk refused to go to the parish church, and chose rather to listen to outed ministers in the fields. But this was not to be allowed, and their persecutors at last fell on the method of calling a roll of the parishioners’ names every Sabbath, and marking a fine of twenty shillings Scots to the name of each absenter.

1966, Robert Louis Stevenson, The Pentland Rising: A Page of History, Edinburgh: Andrew Elliot, Chapter 1, p. 4,


titubate

借自拉丁語 titubatus，titubare (“蹣跚，踉蹌”) 的過去分詞。

titubates (third-person singular present)
titubating (present participle)
titubated (past participle)

They must let us alone here, we govern ourselves, we are by way of being totally autonomous. (The plethora of t’s there made his tongue titubate, but it was a brave show.)

1993，Anthony Burgess，A Dead Man in Deptford:


contendent

借自拉丁語 contendens, contendentis，contendō 的現在分詞。

In all notable changes and revolutions the contendents have been still made a prey to the third party.

在所有顯著的變化和革命中，競爭者仍然是第三方的犧牲品。

1679，Roger L'Estrange，The Case Put Concerning the Succession of the Duke of York:


serenader

Serenades pitch woo or pitch for whatever entitlement the serenader is looking for.

2007年February8日，Bernard Holland，“What Do You Play in the Evening? Serenades. Moonlight Becomes Them.”, in New York Times:


sesamum

借自拉丁語 sēsamum。

While at play for this extraordinary stake, they have a fire by them, on which a small pot of walnut oil, or oil of sesamum, is kept boiling; and when one has won a game, he chops off the end of the loser's finger, who immediately dips the stump into the boiling oil, to stem the blood; and some will persist so obstinately, as to have all their fingers thus mutilated.

1760，Robert Kerr，A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, Vol. 1:

The latter is called the feast of 'six sesamum acts,' for sesamum is a holy plant, and in each act of this rite it plays a part.

1896，Edward Washburn Hopkins，The Religions of India:


shortwave

短波頻率（尤其用於廣播）

The fun of listening to shortwave while in a car or boat is diminished by spark-plug noise created while the engine is running.

在汽车或船上收听短波的乐趣会因发动机运转时产生的火花塞噪音而减弱。

1972，Len Buckwalter，99 Ways to Improve Your Shortwave Listening，頁 90:

Many stations broadcast on shortwaves.

許多電臺以短波進行廣播。

Some doubt is cast on the quality of the shortwave fadeout data during the early part of the period considered.

1973，Richard G. Hendl，Statistical Analysis of Shortwave Fadeout Occurrence for the Years 1955 to 1969:

A concise review is presented for the algorithm that has been tentatively selected to produce simulated net shortwave surface fluxes from measured TOA radiances.

1995，Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) Algorithm Theoretical Basis Document.，頁 214:

Shortwave radiative fluxes that reach the earth's surface are key factors that influence atmospheric and oceanic circulations as well as surface climate.

到达地球表面的短波辐射通量是影响大气和海洋环流以及地表气候的关键因素。

1996，1986 Daily Daylight Cloud Fraction, Shortwave Surface Radiation, and Transmittance for 502 Sites，頁 1:


speedrun

來自speed + run。早在19世紀就有大多在工程背景下使用該術語的孤立證據，加上連字符作「speed-run」；這些案例不太可能影響現代形式。

speed run (alternative)
speedruns (third-person singular present)
speedrunning (present participle)
speedran (past)
speedrunned (past)
speedrun (past participle)

盡快做完某事或快速經歷某過程

John decided to speedrun his trip to the grocery store.

John 決定趕快走到雜貨店。

Dre said in an interview that he created SCAM to poke fun at other "shitcoins" or cryptocurrencies that are clearly pump-and-dump schemes, but at the same time make some money for people willing to put money behind it without any lofty talk to convince people anything more noble is going on. In doing so, SCAM is speedrunning the path of many cryptocurrencies: It hit a $70 million market cap (the snapshot current value of all tokens in circulation) almost immediately after launching, then slumped to $7 million, then $5 million, and now sits at $2.5 million.

2021年May3日，Edward Ongweso Jr，“This TikToker's 'SCAM' Cryptocurrency Took Off and He Can't Believe It”, in VICE，存檔自the original on 2023-06-05:

I maintain that the first burrito he ever speedran was the most delicious, was folded with the most care, and had the best ratio of fillings, but burrito speedrunning is not about the flavour, it's about the time.

2023年March19日，Ben Sledge，“Inside The Chaotic World Of Burrito Speedrunning”, in The Gamer，存檔自the original on 2023-06-03:

While DeSantis' allies have been speedrunning his political vendettas through the legislature, the Yale and Harvard alum embarked on a national tour ostensibly to promote his literary opus entitled The Courage to Be Free: Florida's Blueprint for America's Revival.

2023年April12日，Justin Miller，“DeSantis vs. Abbott: Tallahassee My Texas”, in The Texas Observer，Austin, T.X.: The Texas Democracy Foundation, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2023-04-12:

The result is an ouroboros of faith and science, where an intentional blurring of lines has created a society where a civilization is speedrunning through its development unaware that there are hands pushing them along.

2023年July14日，Zosha Millman, Joshua Rivera，“Foundation season 2 storylines aren't all the same kind of sci-fi”, in Polygon，存檔自the original on 2023-07-21:


Suzanne

20世紀中期流行於英語國家。

'Suzanne' was the name given to the baby. It was Vivian's choice, but she had doubts about it later. Wasn't it a shade on the exotic side? Perhaps 'Susan' was preferable.

他們給這小孩取名叫做“Suzanne”。這是 Vivian 選定的，但後來她便對此產生了懷疑。這樣會不會有點異域風味了？也許“Susan”會更合適。

1987，Alexander Walker，The Life of Vivien Leigh，Grove Press, 出版於 1994, →ISBN，頁 43:


starred

a Michelin-starred restaurant

She became sad, and looked up to the many-starred sky; her soul uttered silently the bitter complaint of its own misery.

她悲伤起来，抬头望着繁星满天的天空；她的灵魂默默地诉说着自己的苦难。


suicider

Most often discussion would take place during the planning stages or while the suicider is making his preparations, that is, before suicidal steps have actually been taken. […] A suicide intervener in real life (if he had the nerve) could have a similarly calm discussion with a suicider who had taken an overdose […]

1995，Gavin Fairbairn，Contemplating suicide: the language and ethics of self-harm，頁 172:


Roberta

源自日耳曼語族的女性人名，Robert 的陰性形式

It was many years before the house on Maple Street was forgotten as "The Quimby Place" and called by its now correct name of "The Carter House", and it was many years before Mrs. Carter succeeded in making Peyton Place call her "Roberta" instead of the frivolous and, to her, harlotish-sounding name of "Bobbie".

1956，Grace Metalious，Peyton Place，UPNE, 出版於 1999, →ISBN, Book Two, Chapter 7:


Robby

女性人名 Roberta 的指小詞。

Robby is contemplating macramé.

Robby 打算編花邊。

2020年October19日，Thunderbox Entertainment，Tsuro - The Game of The Path:


Bobby

男性人名 Robert 的指小詞。

It was a real irritation to Robert's parents to hear Adeline call him Bobby. They tried to intimate their disapproval by pronouncing his name very distinctly when they addressed him.

听到艾德琳称罗伯特为鲍比，罗伯特的父母感到非常恼火。他们在称呼他时非常清楚地念出他的名字，试图表达他们的不满。

1944，Mazo de la Roche，The Building of Jalna，Dundurn Press Ltd, 出版於 2009, →ISBN，頁 163:


underwhelming

more underwhelming (comparative)
most underwhelming (superlative)

未給人留下深刻印象的，不像預期的那樣令人興奮的

If I grant you that the German language is spoken by the overwhelming majority of the German people you will agree with me that the best music of Germany has been composed by the underwhelming minority. Now, if the overwhelming majority of Germans are enemies, it follows that the underwhelming minority of Germans must be friendly.

Davis, plush as ever, is a little whiny and underwhelming as Murray's girlfriend, who spends much of her time nurturing Quaid, doing his familiar sweet-natured lummox.

1990年July13日，Rita Kempley，“‘Quick Change’ (R)”, in The Washington Post:

But in Washington and just about everywhere else, sales of "The Secret Man," Bob Woodward's story of the source known as Deep Throat, have been underwhelming.

2005年August17日，Edward Wyatt，“Sales Lag for Book on Deep Throat”, in New York Times:

When compared with the superb ÖBB Railjet or Italy's Frecciarossa (Red Arrow), to cite just two examples, the Government-procured Intercity Express Trains (IETs) are somewhat underwhelming.

僅舉兩個例子：與一流的ÖBB Railjet或義大利的Frecciarossa（紅箭）相比，政府採購的城際特快列車（IET）就顯得有些令人失望了。

2022年March9日，Ben Jones，“RAIL Supplement: Return Ticket”, in RAIL，期 952，頁 28 (supplement):


idée fixe

借自法語 idée fixe (字面意思是“固定觀念”)。

執念，成見；一個支配著思想、儘管有相反的證據卻仍被堅守的觀念

[“]A foreign policy of domination through spiritual means is [Jorane Sutt’s] idée fixe, but it’s my notion that his ultimate aims aren’t spiritual.[”]

1951, Isaac Asimov, Foundation (1974 Panther Books Ltd publication), part V: “The Merchant Princes”, chapter 13, page 171, ¶ 13:

The sage's solitary fantisizings about the heavens have turned monstrous, his yearnings for knowledge have swollen into idées fixes

2003，Roy Porter，Flesh in the Age of Reason，Penguin, 出版於 2004，頁 182:

His conclusion though is illuminating, and established a theme that was to concern him for the next forty years of his life, becoming the idée fixe of works such as The Ghost in the Machine, The Act of Creation and the Roots of Coincidence.

2009, Gary Clark, Quadrant, November 2009, No. 461 (Volume LIII, Number 11), Quadrant Magazine Limited, page 9:

a definite musical figure, called the 'idée fixe,' unifying the work throughout by its constant reappearance in various aspects and surroundings

1922，Grove's Dictionary of Music and Musicians，卷 4，頁 793:


ponies

I wanted that car. Also, these things are crazy on the road. Front wheel suspension, tons of ponies, but best of all, it has a tape deck.

2016，Greg Universe，“Beach City Drift”, in Steven Universe: