multiplication table

It was not till animated by some discussion, based upon the multiplication-table, that you saw how keen and shrewd those large, dull, gray eyes could become.

1837，L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon]，“Alteration”, in Ethel Churchill: Or, The Two Brides. […]，卷 II, London: Henry Colburn, […], →OCLC，頁 21:


Michelangelo

借自意大利語 Michelangelo，源自 Michele (“米迦勒”) + Angelo (“天使”)，指《聖經》中的天使長米迦勒。

In the room the women come and go / Talking of Michelangelo.

房間裡的女人來來去去／談論著米開朗基羅。

1915，T. S. Eliot，“The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock”, in Prufrock and Other Observations，出版於 1917:

Where did Picasso come from? / There's no Michelangelo coming from Pittsburgh

畢加索從哪裡來？／沒有來自匹茲堡的米開朗基羅

1990，Lou Reed, John Cale （作曲作詞）, “Smalltown”, in Songs for Drella:


power down

powers down (third-person singular present)
powering down (present participle)
powered down (past participle)

Google Glass batteries power down after 45 minutes of continuous recording, making it unlikely anyone could capture an entire film.

Google Glass 的電池在連續錄影 45 分鐘後就會斷電，因此不太可能有人能拍下一整部影片。

2014年June29日，Adam Sherwin，“UK cinemas ban Google glasses over piracy risk”, in The Independent:


non-disclosure agreement

Shepard: What sort of work do you do here?
Dr. Palon: I can't say. I signed a non-disclosure agreement. If we survive, I'd like to keep my job.
Dr. Palon: The location is terrible, but the pay is better than any other commercial lab.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Rift Station, Noveria:

Due to Non-Disclosure Agreements, he was unable to confirm too much regarding the work on the '92s', […].

2021年January27日，“Network News: Hydro-treated Vegetable Oil performs well in DBC tests”, in RAIL, issue 923，頁 11:


on the other hand

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/En-au-on the other hand.ogg

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-us-on the other hand.ogg

Well yes, it was quite a good bargain; on the other hand, do we really need one?

是的，這是一筆不錯的交易。但反過來想，我們真的需要嗎？

Its external relations, on the one hand to dynamics, and on the other to heat, light, chemical action, and the constitution of bodies, seem to indicate the special importance of electrical science as an aid to the interpretation of nature.

1873，James Clerk Maxwell，A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism:

The host of business travellers between Bishops Stortford and London would scarcely take kindly to devious routing via the Southbury line; on the other hand, it is not desirable that they should overcrowd the business trains to and from Cambridge.

1961 January，“The North-East London electrification of the Great Eastern Line”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 19:


quantum computer

Graphene could change the electronics industry, ushering in flexible devices, supercharged quantum computers, electronic clothing and computers that can interface with the cells in your body.

石墨烯可以改變電子產業，帶來柔性設備、極為迅速的量子電腦、電子服裝和可以與體內細胞連接的電腦。

2014年April13日，Nick Bilton，“Bend it, charge it, dunk it: Graphene, the material of tomorrow”, in 紐約時報:


quantum dot

A quantum dot is a semiconductor crystal a few nanometres (billionths of a metre) across – about 50 atoms wide, in other words.

量子點是一種直徑幾奈米（十億分之一米）的半導體晶體，換句話說，大約有50個原子寬。

2011年June18日，“Dotting the eyes”, in The Economist:

There was talk that Apple would release an iMac with a quantum dot screen last year. But then the company switched course, declaring that the existing process for making these little crystals was too toxic to the environment.

去年有傳言稱蘋果將推出配備量子點螢幕的 iMac。但隨後該公司改變了方向，宣稱現有的製造這些小晶體的工藝對環境的毒性太大。

2016年May6日，Joanna Klein，“How a Mysterious Bacteria Almost Gave You a Better TV”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


QWERTY

美國發明家克里斯托弗·萊瑟姆·肖爾斯 (1819–1890)發明了QWERTY鍵盤
1873年的Sholes打字機，配備qwerty了鍵盤
來自QWERTY鍵盤上排的前六個字母。

qwerty (alternative)
Qwerty (alternative)

表示鍵盤上用於鍵入的按鍵的標準佈局，其中最上面字母行的最左邊的鍵順序是 Q-W-E-R-T-Y 。

It was the Monotype model D keyboard introduced in 1907 which became the standard for printers, with a "qwerty" typewriter lay and removable keybars which made the keyboard independent of the matrix case arrangement.

1978，Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science，卷s 24 (Printers and Printing to Public Policy, Copyright), New York, N.Y., Basel: Marcel Dekker, →ISBN，頁 109:

The older children we came to know had had a great deal of experience with written language, and they certainly had a firm grasp of the alphabetic sequence. They were annoyed with the arrangement of letters on the typewriter keyboard, which begins at the second from the top row and proceeds left to right with the letters, "Q," "W," "E," "R," "T," and "Y." Computer professionals, who refer to this arrangement as the "QWERTY keyboard," have pointed out that, although it originated in order to avoid jam-ups of frequently used keys on the manual typewriter, the QWERTY arrangement is now completely obsolete but apparently here to stay. Third and fourth graders knew only that QWERTY had no logic that they could discern, and, until they developed basic keyboard familiarity, it greatly delayed their attempts at finding the keys they needed.

1991，Marilyn Cochran-Smith，Cynthia L. Paris，Jessica L. Kahn，“Hunting, Pecking, and Checking: Learning to Write with Word Processing”, in Learning to Write Differently: Beginning Writers and Word Processing (Language and Educational Processes)，Norwood, N.J.: Ablex Publishing, →ISBN，頁 137:

[…] The Dvorak typewriter keyboard is, it has been claimed, ergonomically superior to the standard "Qwerty" arrangement. But having settled on the current standard keyboard, largely by historical accident, now manufacturers are supposedly reluctant to produce Dvorak keybboards so long as almost all typists are trained on Qwerty, while typists don't want to train on Dvorak when almost all keyboards are Qwerty. Even the inferior keyboard as a matched choice is superior to failing to coordinate at all.

1992，Jack Hirshleifer，John G. Riley，“Strategic Uncertainty and Equilibrium Concepts”, in The Analytics of Uncertainty and Information (Cambridge Surveys of Economic Literature)，Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 出版於 2002, →ISBN, section 9.1 (Nash Equilibrium)，頁 330:

The ‘QWERTY’ layout of keyboards is also a cause for concern. The design means that the fingers of the left hand (the less dominant hand for most Westerners) do 57 per cent of the work in typing English text. RSI symptoms are often found to be more intense in the left hand of keyboard users.

1993年September11日，John Ballard，“RSI on Trial: More People Suffering from Repetitive Strain Injury are Seeking Compensation in Court as Fresh Evidence Comes to Light about the Symptoms and Causes of this Crippling Disorder”, in New Scientist，London: New Scientist Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2016-04-13:

The typewriter using separate characters on type bars striking on a cylinder soon dominated the market. Because adjacent striking bars tended to jam when struck rapidly, manufacturers abandoned the alphabetical placement of letters on the keyboard in favor of the left-to-right "qwerty" disposition that takes into account the frequency and sequence of letters in English.

1994，Henri-Jean Martin，Lydia G. Cochrane, transl.，“Beyond Writing”, in The History and Power of Writing，Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN，頁 465:


run around

runs around (third-person singular present)
running around (present participle)
ran around (past)
run around (past participle)

“A very welcome, kind, useful present, that means to the parish. By the way, Hopkins, let this go no further. We don't want the tale running round that a rich person has arrived. Churchill, my dear fellow, we have such greedy sharks, and wolves in lamb's clothing. […]”

1918，W. B. Maxwell，章號 7, in The Mirror and the Lamp:


run around

Natrum sulp. is my specific for inflammations of the matrix of the nails or " run arounds."

1893，The New England Medical Gazette - Volume 28，頁 183:

The sketch shows the arrangement of run arounds for bringing the loaded trips into the bottom and for returning the empties to the proper quarter of the mine.

1914，Mine and Quarry - Volumes 8-11，頁 1176:

The Committee contends : First, that the turn of Brakeuien W. R. Tighe and W. F. Haworth was run around at Baird by the crews of Conductors Schwartz, Russell, Hubbard, and Whaley and thereby lost 200 miles, or four 50-mile run arounds.

1937，United States. National Railroad Adjustment Board，Awards: first division. 1- - Volume 7，頁 504:


scale up

scales up (third-person singular present)
scaling up (present participle)
scaled up (past participle)

rescale

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见scale、up。

rescale

在保持一定比例的情況下，增大某物的尺寸。

scale down

仅按字面意思，并无比喻或俗语义；参见scale、up。

scale down

在保持一定比例的情況下，增大某物的尺寸。

shrink

在保持一定比例的情況下，增大某物的尺寸。

近義詞：expand、grow

Transects can be taken in localised settings and compared to local visual environments, as in this pilot study. But the technique can be scaled up to larger situations by taking multiple transects from multiple locales and combining the data.

2019，Li Huang, James Lambert，“Another Arrow for the Quiver: A New Methodology for Multilingual Researchers”, in Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, →DOI，頁 12:


semicolon

The use of the semicolon has remained contentious and subject to fashion.

2021，Claire Cock-Starkey，Hyphens & Hashtags，Bodleian Library，頁 28:


sign off

signs off (third-person singular present)
signing off (present participle)
signed off (past participle)

Once the vice-president signs off on the project, we can start construction.

一旦副總統批准了這個項目，我們就可以開始施工了。

The town council, which closed the funicular last December for health and safety reasons, has yet to sign off the completion of £72,000 worth of remedial works to a retaining wall.

2023年August23日，“Network News: Hold-up for Cliff Railway reopening”, in RAIL，期 990，頁 14:


smoke and mirrors

來自魔術師使用的傳統障眼表演技巧。

Budget process? It's more like a magic show. It's wink and blink and smoke and mirrors and pulling rabbits out of hats, but almost all that ever comes up are designs to hide increases for the special interests.

1987 March 21, Ronald Reagan, Presidential Radio Address,

On revenue raising issues, Mr Harris reveals what a master of smoke and mirrors Bob Carr really is.

2007, Australian Senate, Parliamentary debates Australia: Senate,

It’s smoke and mirrors. It’s bogus. And it’s all too familiar. Every time we get close to passing reform, the insurance companies produce these phony studies as a prescription and say, "Take one of these, and call us in a decade."

2009 October 17, Barack Obama, Weekly Address: Taking the Insurance Companies on Down the Stretch,

As for the IRP, Secretary of State Grant Shapps continues to peddle snake oil, smoke and mirrors. His reaction to near-universal IRP condemnation from politicians, local and national media, and all but a few rail specialists was to dismiss the lot of us (in the condescending and patronising tone we have now come to expect) as "critics and naysayers".

2022年January12日，Nigel Harris，“Comment: Unhappy start to 2022”, in RAIL，期 948，頁 3:


solipsism

來自拉丁語 sōlus (“單獨”) + ipse (“自我”) + -ism。

The solipsism that too frequently infects high commands has no place on a battlefield.

2011，Bing West，No True Glory: A Frontline Account of the Battle for Fallujah:

Self-mythology has always been part of The Darkness’ shtick, but here Hawkins and crew forget to back it up with music catchy enough to transcend the solipsism.

2012年August21日，Jason Heller，“The Darkness: Hot Cakes (Music Review)”, in The Onion AV Club:


striker

Olympiakos had barely been in the Arsenal half but should have levelled in the 14th minute. A low corner was not dealt with and the ball fell to the feet of striker Rafik Djebbour, who saw his close-range effort brilliantly cleared from the goalline by Arteta.

2011年September28日，Tom Rostance，“Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, in BBC Sport:

"Dog-robber" has a definite significance to some army men; but unless one has spent some time in uniform he will probably have to search long for its meaning: an officer's servant or striker.

1921，Franklyn Bliss Snyder, Ronald Salmon Crane，The English of Business，頁 90:

'Twill prove a notable striker, like his father.

c. 1621–6，Philip Massinger，“The Unnatural Combat”, in The Plays of Philip Massinger，出版於 1845, act 4, scene 2，頁 54:


teleport

Teleports provide access to multiple satellites and other media as well. Independently owned teleports may also provide competitive access to different satellite systems.

2004，D. K. Sachdev，Business Strategies For Satellite Systems，頁 131:


time-lapse

Operation London Bridge, also from 1975, tells the story of the busy station's redevelopment. Cutting neatly from the barrow boys of Borough Market to an aerial view of Borough Market Junction, the film uses time lapse photography to show the congestion rife in the area during the morning rush hour.

2021年March10日，Greg Morse，“Telling the railway's story on film”, in RAIL，期 926，頁 48:


troll

trolls (third-person singular present)
trolling (present participle)
trolled (past participle)

The actress was widely trolled online after accidentally revealing that she didn't know the names of the continents.

We like to troll, we like to go the night before one of their primaries, we just, we do a little trolling, it's called we do a little trolling.

2020年March2日，Donald Trump，President Trump Rally in Charlotte, North Carolina，經由 C-SPAN:

Cristiano Ronaldo's dislike of dessert has been trolled by a former teammate. ¶ Ben Foster proudly showed off his apple crumble, having joked that he was skipping dessert.

2021年September22日，Sam Cooper，“An old teammate of Cristiano Ronaldo's trolled his dislike of dessert by scoffing a giant pudding on his YouTube channel”, in Business Insider，New York, N.Y.: Insider Inc., →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2024-04-07:

Taylor Swift, who could've been crowned the queen of pranks in the early years of her career, is finding out what it feels like to be on the other side of a little onstage trolling.

2024年March11日，Sammi Burke，“See One of Taylor Swift's Dancers Troll Her on Stage During '22'”, in Parade，New York, N.Y.: The Arena Group, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2024-04-07:


Turing test

以英國數學家、邏輯學家和密碼學家艾倫·圖靈（1912–1954）命名。圖靈自己則使用 imitation game 一詞。

The Turing test used to be the gold standard for proving machine intelligence. This generation of bots is racing past it. We need to stay calm — and develop a new test.

圖靈測試曾是證明機器智能的黃金標準。這一代的機器人正在超越它。我們需要保持冷靜，並開發新的測試。

2023年January20日，Cade Metz，“The Chatbots Can’t Outsmart You. Yet.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


turnkey

more turnkey (comparative)
most turnkey (superlative)

無需進一步組裝或測試使用的；可立刻交鑰匙的

They wanted a turnkey solution for the entire system, but we could only provide the enclosure.

Third World countries no longer want to purchase nuclear projects on a turn-key basis; they want to receive advanced technical training as well.

1980, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, April 1980, Kathleen Bailey, When and why weapons; page 42

He cautioned that the house “is not turnkey,” and that because it is “so unusual,” it may take a while to sell. But, he added, “It’s a joy to be selling a property with its history.”

2023年March22日，Ben West，“This 835-Year-Old English Manor Needs Some Modern Love”, in The New York Times:


uninterruptible power supply

Examples of emergency power supplies include a storage battery or group of batteries, a generator driven by a fuel-supplied prime mover, or an uninterruptible power supply (UPS) […].

2009，Geoff Craighead，High-Rise Security and Fire Life Safety，頁 357:

This upgrade comes after the installation of a $50,000 uninterruptible power supply system to compliment the facilities independent power supply.


zero-sum game

同類詞：win-win、lose-lose

Dalio is right, but somewhat self-serving. If hedge-fund managers are playing a zero-sum game, what is their social utility? […] Can it really be in America’s interest to have so much of its young talent playing a zero-sum game?

达利欧说得对，但多少有点自私。如果对冲基金经理们玩的是零和博弈，他们的社会效用又是什么？ […] 让这么多的年轻人才玩零和博弈真的符合美国的利益吗？

2011年July18日，John Cassidy，“Mastering the Machine”, in The New Yorker, →ISSN:

A zero-sum game, as its name suggests, is one in which, whatever the outcome, the payoffs to the players add up to zero, which means that what one player gains, the other(s) must necessarily lose.

零和博弈，顾名思义，就是无论结果如何，参与者的收益加起来为零，这意味着一个参与者获得的东西，另一个参与者必然会失去。

2013，Andrew M. Colman，Game Theory and its Applications: In the Social and Biological Sciences，Psychology Press, →ISBN，頁 55:

Listen, I know it's been hard / You know it’s no different for me / We’re less than a zero-sum game now / And baby, we both know that's not how it's supposed to be

听着，我知道这很难 / 你知道这对我来说也没什么不同 / 我们现在不再是一场零和博弈/ 宝贝，我们都知道事情不应该是这样的

2014，“The Writing's On the Wall”, in Hungry Ghosts，演出者 OK Go:

He said turning a lab-created animal into a wild population would be an “enormous challenge”, but the financial support for de-extinction research should not be seen as a “zero sum game”.

他说，将实验室培育的动物恢复为野生种群将是一个“巨大的挑战”，但对复活灭绝物种研究的资金支持不应被视为“零和博弈”。

2022年August16日，Adam Morton，“De-extinction: scientists are planning the multimillion-dollar resurrection of the Tasmanian tiger”, in The Guardian:


backblast

(火箭、導彈) 點火時向後發出的熱空氣氣流

Two Iraqi soldiers were brought in the morning after being wounded by the backblast of one of their own rocket-propelled grenades.

今早，兩名此前被自己的火箭推進榴彈後方熱氣流灼傷的伊拉克士兵已被帶回。

2008年April21日，Michael R. Gordon，“Civilians Suffer in Sadr City’s Daily Gun Battles”, in New York Times:


behavioural science

It is, therefore, important to study the applications of behavioural science in housing decision making.

因此，研究行为科学在住房决策中的应用非常重要。

2020，Helen Bao，Behavioural Science and Housing Decision Making: A Case Study Approach，Routledge, →ISBN:


pinealocyte

The pineal gland is lined on the inside with tissue called pinealocytes. These pinealocytes are similar to the rods and cones in the retina of your eye. That’s right; it’s the third eye! Your brain has a third eye in the center and it has retinal tissue. It also has the same wiring that your physical eyes do to the visual cortex in your brain! How did they know that all the way back when?

2017，片头起3:41, in The secrets of the pineal gland - full，spoken by David Wilcock (David Wilcock), YouTube: Collective Awakening:


Kultur

kultur的另一種拼寫法

The bestialization produced by war and militant patriotism came openly to the front with all the horrors of savagery, rapine, deportation, atrocities, and the inhuman slaughter of millions of human beings for the glory of the Fatherland and Kultur and for "the making of the world fit for Democracy."

1919，Boris Sidis，The Source and Aim of Human Progress:


waltz

源自德語 Walzer ← walzen (“跳舞”) ← 古高地德語 walzan (“轉”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *walt- (“轉”) ← 原始印歐語 *wel- (“轉”)。

waltzes (third-person singular present)
waltzing (present participle)
waltzed (past participle)

窜进，把...带进 （尤指没有批准或没有邀请等）

He waltzed into the room like he owned the place.

他馬上竄進房間，好像那是他自己的地方一樣。

You can't just waltz him in here without documentation!

你不能就这样不走手续把他带到这里来。

Oxlade-Chamberlain, 18, became the youngest English Champions League scorer when he waltzed across the area to plant a low shot into the corner.

2011年September28日，Tom Rostance，“Arsenal 2 - 1 Olympiakos”, in BBC Sport:

The women in Ms. Telfer’s book waltz right by societal rules that would leave the rest of us at a standstill. We are left tsk-tsking, while also in awe.

2021年February25日，Mara Altman，“Glitzy, Tragic and Selfish: Female Con Artists Waltz by Society’s Rules”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


Führer

借自德語 Führer，模仿意大利語 Duce。

擔任納粹德國總理時的阿道夫·希特勒

When the Führer says we is the master race
We "Heil!" (Bronx cheer), "Heil!" (Bronx cheer) right in the Führer's face.

我們當著元首的面高喊「萬歲！」（布朗克斯歡呼），「萬歲！」（布朗克斯歡呼）。

1942，Oliver Wallace （作曲作詞）, “Der Fuehrer's Face”:


Kaiser

繼承自中古英語 kayser，源自古高地德語 keisar (“皇帝”)，源自原始西日耳曼語 *kaisar，源自原始日耳曼語 *kaisaraz。原始日耳曼語派生至古英語的詞彙是 cāser (“皇帝”)，但從中古英語 kayser (“皇帝”) 的詞形（而不是預期的 *caser、*coser）可以推斷出這個詞是後來從另一種日耳曼語言借來的，並非源自古英語的繼承詞；而現代英語的拼字和意義也似乎是受到現代德語影響而修改的，不是中古英語的直接延續。對照從斯拉夫語族借入的同源對似詞 tsar。

任何皇帝或獨裁者，或試圖成為皇帝或獨裁者的人

And Black Ivo is a veritable Kaiser.

而黑伊沃則是名副其實的皇帝。

[…] that President Poincare, the first servant of France, is still Louis XIV, the former War-Lord, the Kaiser of France […]

Senator Sherman vigorously assailed the Shantung agreement, declaring that it would make the Mikado a veritable Kaiser of the Far East and alienate the sympathies of the 400,000,000 Chinese – from the people of the United States.

謝爾曼參議員猛烈抨擊山東協議，宣稱這將使天皇成為名副其實的遠東皇帝，並使四億中國人對美國人民失去同情。

1919，Far Eastern Political Science Review - Volume 1，頁 49:

[…] which，from the banking point of view, the National City Bank is a veritable kaiser.

從銀行業的角度來看，國家城市銀行是名副其實的皇帝。


absolver

免除者，寬恕者，赦免者（首見於16世紀晚期）

[…] few men dislike the Lay-Excommunicators and Absolvers more than I do […]

1684，Richard Baxter，Whether Parish Congregations Be True Christian Churches，London: Thomas Parkhurst，頁 2:


agrafe

衣服上的搭扣、鉤子、夾子

The belt was of gold, confined by a diamond agrafe.


ammoniacal

A quick scent, sweet and ammoniacal, rose from her pubis.

一股甜甜的、氨水般的气味迅速从她的耻骨上飘出。

2000，JG Ballard，Super-Cannes，Fourth Estate, 出版於 2011，頁 231:


anorak

* 源自格陵蘭語 annoraaq。
* (有怪癖的人)：最初指鐵道迷（因為他們在尋找火車的時候會穿著連帽衫）

Don't ever use the hood on your anorak; and, if you do, for heaven's sake don't pull the string tight so that you peep out like a little baby in a siren suit.

1980，Bill Oddie，Bill Oddie's Little Black Bird Book，頁 61:

He has described himself as the uber-geek, an anorak's anorak, a standard bearer for fellow Star Trekkies everywhere, and his air of bland, amiable bafflement has served him remarkably well in a string of TV and film roles.

2007年February15日，Maev Kennedy，“I used to say he was England's answer to John Cusack. Now I think he's England's answer to Jack Lemmon”, in The Guardian:


boycotter

As early as 1955[…], he spoke in what Sundquist calls his “ornate metaphorical style,” evident in his first speech to the boycotters.

2009年January18日，Anthony Lewis，“A New National Scripture”, in New York Times:


cajun

Cajun的大小寫替代形式

MOONEE VALLEY DRIFTERS Great country, cajun, and swing music to listen to and dance to.

2009年January29日，“Other music”, in Herald Sun:


coexister

The anti-Babylonian autonomists equated national survival with the full independence of Judah under its present leadership, whereas the pro-Babylonian coexisters equated national survival with the socioeconomic and religiocultural preservation of the people of Judah.

2008，Norman K. Gottwald，The Hebrew Bible: A Brief Socio-Literary Introduction，頁 229:


sorrow

繼承自中古英語 sorow、sorwe、sorghe、sorȝe，繼承自古英語 sorg、sorh (“关心、焦虑、悲痛”)，繼承自原始西日耳曼語 *sorgu，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *surgō（對比西弗里斯蘭語 soarch、荷蘭語 zorg、德語 Sorge、丹麥語、瑞典語和挪威語 sorg），源自原始印歐語 *swergʰ- (“看管、担心；生病、受苦”)（對比古愛爾蘭語 serg (“疾病”)、吐火羅語B sark (“疾病”)、立陶宛語 sirgti (“生病”)、梵語 सूर्क्षति (sū́rkṣati，“擔心”)）。雖然意思和詞形上和 sorry、sore 相似，詞源上和這兩者並無關聯。

She had nursed all the children, including Sandro, to whom she was devoted, and my husband was just as fond of her. His going away to America was a great sorrow to her, and she always kept the sacred light burning on a little altar for Sandro all the time of his long absence.

她照料了所有孩子，包括桑德罗，她对他十分疼爱，我丈夫也同样喜欢她。桑德罗要去美国，这对她来说是一件非常伤心的事，在桑德罗长期不在家的时候，她总是在小神坛上为他点亮圣灯。

1903，Maud Salvini，“Salvini as I Know Him”, in The Theatre，期 3，頁 312:

Vaublanc, in San Domingo so sympathetic to the sorrows of labour in France, had to fly from Paris in August, 1792, to escape the wrath of the French workers.

沃布朗在圣多明各对法国劳工的苦难深表同情，为了逃避法国工人的愤怒，他不得不于1792年8月逃离巴黎。

1963，C.L.R. James，The Black Jacobins，第2nd Revised版，頁 14:

Parting is such sweet sorrow.


sorrow

sorrows (third-person singular present)
sorrowing (present participle)
sorrowed (past participle)

‘Sorrow not, sir,’ says he, ‘like those without hope.’

他说：“先生，不要像那些没有希望的人那样悲伤。”

1749，Henry Fielding，Tom Jones，Folio Society, 出版於 1973，頁 424:

When, as sometimes happens, a lad dies from the effect of the operation, he is buried secretly in the forest, and his sorrowing mother is told that the monster has a pig's stomach as well as a human stomach, and that unfortunately her son slipped into the wrong stomach.

有时，如果一个小伙子因手术后遗症而死，人们就会把他秘密地埋在森林里，并告诉他悲痛的母亲，这个怪物既有人的胃，又有猪的胃，不幸的是，她的儿子掉进了错误的胃里。

1911，James George Frazer，The Golden Bough，卷 11，頁 241:


New Delhi

In a statement issued on 3 November, New Delhi said that it will study the recommendations on institutional changes outlined in the report of the UN Secretary General's panel that had stopped short of definitive recommendations on new permanent members.

新德里政府在11月3日发表的声明中表示，将研究联合国秘书长小组报告中提出的有关体制改革的建议，但该小组并未就新常任理事国提出明确的建议。

2005，Foreign Policy Annual, 2001-2009: Events，Gyan Publishing House, →ISBN，頁 420:

India claimed a diplomatic victory over Pakistan after Islamabad failed to win support for a U.N. resolution on Kashmir that New Delhi said violated its sovereignty. A group of countries led by Pakistan withdrew the resolution, which urged ...
伊斯兰堡未能赢得联合国对克什米尔问题的决议的支持，印度宣称对巴基斯坦取得了外交胜利，新德里称该决议侵犯了其主权。以巴基斯坦为首的一组国家撤回了该决议，该决议敦促……

1995, Asian Bulletin, Volume 20, Issues 1-6, APACL Publications [Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League], unnumbered page:

As Russia accords considerable priority to its strategic partnership with India, it has to reckon with the Indian factor and is therefore subject to pressure from New Delhi in its relations with China.

由于俄罗斯高度重视与印度的战略伙伴关系，该国在行动中将不得不考虑来自印度的因素，并因此在与中国的关系中受到来自新德里的压力。

2004年November1日，Joseph Y.S. Cheng，“Challenges to China's Russian Policy in Early 21st Century”, in Journal of contemporary Asia:


angpau

ang pow的另一種寫法

The lorchu' s angpau contained two Malaysian dollars, those of the thauke, 40 cents.

1990，Contributions to Southeast Asian Ethnography，頁 24:

It says the children receive angpau from the adults, while the old receive angpau from the young.

2003，Choo Ming Ding & Kee Beng Ooi，Chinese Studies of the Malay World: A Comparative Approach:


diam

借自馬來語 diam (“安靜的”)。

Diam lah, you have no gal let alone have a son or daughter.

閉嘴啦，你都沒有女朋友，更別說兒子女兒了。

2021年April8日，intruder，“God so loved the world”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):

If the answer is affirmative, then he is qualified to talk to us. Otherwise, diam lah.

假如答案是肯定的，他才有資格跟我們談。否則，那他還是閉嘴啦。

2023年December9日，“Najib wants more time for another run.”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):

So diam lah, baruah bangsat!

2013年June7日， <par@tmnet.net.my>，“Mooted online media control 'not politically motivated'”, in soc.culture.malaysia (Usenet):


foto

photo的另一種拼寫法

Have your foto
in a bathingsuit

1909, sign on an Atlantic City (New Jersey) beach, photographed and shown in National Geographic (August 2015), volume 228, number 2, page 132:

Reply with foto and phone to GCN box 719

1977年April23日，“Personal advertisement”, in Gay Community News，頁 18:

But it didn't matter, fotos or drawings. They were all illustrations of tall, slinky girls with abnormally large breasts striving to be contained within abnormally small brassieres […]

2000，Sam George Arcus，Deja Views of an Aging Orphan: Growing Up in the Hebrew National Orphan Home, →ISBN:


pisang

源自馬來語 pisang。

The orange crop was good; custard-apples, pisangs and pomeloes fair, the latter were poor in quality.

橙子收成不错；番荔枝、香蕉和柚子收成还不错，但柚子品质较差。

1906，Perak，Government Gazette: Supplements，頁 3:


pontianak

馬來西亞及印度尼西亞傳說中的一種吸血女鬼，據說是孕婦難產死後變成的

One of the most fearsome creatures of Malay folklore is the pontianak.

马来民间传说中最可怕的动物之一是吸血女鬼（「龐蒂雅娜」）。

2009，Andrew Hock-Soon Ng，“"Death and the Maide": The Pontianak as Excess in Malay Popular Culture”, in Draculas, Vampires, and Other Undead Forms: Essays on Gender, Race and Culture:


sais

來自印地語（印度斯坦），來自阿拉伯語 سَائِس (sāʔis，“馬夫、馬伕”)，來自سَاس (sās，“飼養馬匹”)。

馬夫或負責照顧馬的傭人。

Not one of them [horse dealers] will venture a horse, he is about to sell, in the stables of the intended purchaser, unless attended by one of his own syces, or grooms, who both knows and is known by the animal. If the horse be very old, or naturally dull, the syce takes care to ply him with spices and other stimulants; and if vicious, opium, and other anodynes are given; so that the horse is absolutely in a state of disguise.

1808，Thomas Williamson，Oriental Field Sports; being a Complete, Detailed, and Accurate Description of the Wild Sports of the East … In Two Volumes，卷 II, London: Printed by W[illiam] Bulmer and Co. Cleveland-Row, St. James's; for Edward Orme, Bond-Street, the corner of Brook-Street, and B. Crosby and Co. Stationers' Court, →OCLC，頁 213:

4th Troop 1st Brigade—3 rank and file, 1 syce, 17 horses, killed; […]

1849年April19日，“General Return of Casualties in the Army of the Punjaub in the Action at Goojerat on the 21st February 1849, between the British Forces under the Personal Command of General the Right Hon. Hugh Baron Gough, G.C.B., Commander-in-Chief of the Forces in India, and the Rebel Army under the Sirdar Chuttur Singh and Rajah Shere Singh”, in The Indian News, and Chronicle of Eastern Affairs，期 160, London, →OCLC，頁 179:

THE DUTIES OF THE SAIS OR GROOM. […] Now, if the good house-mother's proudest boast is that not even "the cattle within her gate" fail to feel her kindly care, she will often find it necessary to take an active part in teaching the sais his duty, and seeing that the horses receive proper attention. […] The old plan of a sais and a grass-cutter to each horse is a thing of the past, and the number of saises or grooms should have reference merely to the amount of harnessing and out-work necessary during the day.

1890, Flora Annie Webster Steel; Grace Gardiner, “The Duties of the Servants”, in The Complete Indian Housekeeper and Cook: Giving the Duties of Mistress and Servants, the General Management of the House and Practical Recipes for Cooking in all its Branches, Edinburgh: F. Murray, OCLC 228145908; reprinted Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010, 978-1-108-02193-7, page 68:

But apart from the story of the havildar, my own syce, a hillman who attends my pony, has actually seen two ghosts, with one of whom he held a long conversation.

1906，Charles A[tmore] Sherring，“Superstitions”, in Western Tibet and the British Borderland; the Sacred Country of Hindus and Buddhists, with an Account of the Government, Religion, and Customs of its Peoples，London: Edward Arnold, →OCLC，頁 100:

Dinner, dinner, dinner … but when he returned to the house for it, Mahmoud Ali had drifted away in his turn, to speak to his sais.

1924，E[dward] M[organ] Forster，A Passage to India，London: Edward Arnold & Co., →OCLC; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1952, →OCLC，頁 13:

The horse also, as if it had its own premonitions, refused to get on to those rickety planks, though the rest of the party had negotiated them safely. The sais (horse attendant), who had no such anxieties, crossed ahead of us and struggled for some minutes to drag the poor frightened animal, with myself on its back, across the chasm.

1974，Apa Pant，“Dreams and Destinations”, in A Moment in Time，Bombay: Orient Longman, →OCLC，頁 76:

We have not been able to get a good syce for our animal, and have had to make do with a young and inexperienced fellow.

1987，Sara Banerji，The Wedding of Jayanthi Mandel，London: Victor Gollancz Ltd., →ISBN:

Each pony had his sais, his groom, who lived and ate and slept with the animal, and had betted a good deal more than he could afford on the result of the game. There was no chance of anything going wrong, but to make sure, each sais was shampooing the legs of his pony to the last minute. Behind the saises sat as many of the Skidars' regiment as had leave to attend the match […]

2010，Rudyard Kipling with James Daley, comp., “The Maltese Cat”, in Great Horse Stories，Mineola, N.Y.: Dover Publications, →ISBN，頁 95:

通常寫成syce：司機、駕駛。

House servants are usually either Chinese or Tamil, the former predominating, especially in towns of any size. The domestic staff will in general consist of a houseboy (in large establishments two houseboys), a water carrier (tukang ayer), whose duties include washing dishes and preparing baths, a cook, a gardener, a chauffeur or sais, and perhaps an ayah (if Chinese, amah) or two, according to the size of the family.

1935，Ralph Lionel German，Handbook to British Malaya, 1935，[London]: [R. L. German]: Obtainable from the Malay Information Agency, Waterlow and Sons, →OCLC，頁 50:

[A]fter their first few days there he had hired a syce, a Malay chauffeur. The syce, who had been squatting down, sheltering in the shade of the car, jumped to his feet at their approach, opening the doors for them with an efficient flourish.

1988，Margaret Pemberton，A Multitude of Sins，New York, N.Y.: Bantam Books, →OCLC:

Each establishment had a retinue of Chinese or Malay servants, on average consisting of a cook, one or two "house boys," a tukang kebun (gardener), a sais (chauffeur), and an ayah or amah (maid or nurse) to take care of ironing […]

1994，Laurence C[arl] Bergquist，Destiny: A Southeast Asia Saga, 1928–1953: Singapore, Malaya, Indonesia，Pacifica, Calif.: Pacifica Press, →ISBN，頁 51:

The lady – a very elegant Romanian by birth – arrived with her daughter Miriam, the English governess, the secretary, a detective, and last of all the syce, or chauffeur, who seated himself in the garden rather than wait in the large Rolls-Royce parked outside, with the family crest placed above the number plate.

1999，Mary Sydney Burke，The Soldier's Wife: Peace and War，London: Janus Publishing Company, →ISBN，頁 128:

[T]he expansion of the service economy, for the home, the office and the municipality, had created a more mixed labouring world. A wealthy European or Asian home would bring together a Chinese amah, or maid, a Malay syce, or chauffeur, and an Indian kebun, or gardener, operating through a Malay lingua franca. On a larger scale, in the invisible city, ethnic communities were pushed closer together, often for the first time.

2005，Christopher [Alan] Bayly with Tim[othy Norman] Harper, Forgotten Armies: The Fall of British Asia, 1941–1945，Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, →ISBN，頁 53:


sais

用來表示非標準發音的says。

'Yes,' sais I, 'what's left of me; but, good gracious,' sais I, 'you have got the 'heaves.' I hope it ain't catchin'.

1855 August，“Editor's Drawer”, in Harper's New Monthly Magazine，卷 XI, 期 LXIII, New York, N.Y.: Harper & Brothers, Publishers, 329 & 331 Pearl Street, Franklin Square, →OCLC，頁 425:

Well, he tak some young man un he go off to Alsaroke to steal horse, un I seet roun' un watch dat woman. She watch me. Pretty soon camp was hunt de buffalo, un I was hunt Snow-Owl's woman. Every one was excite, un dey don' tak no 'count of me. I see de woman go up leetle coulie for stray horse, un I follar her. I sais, 'How do? You come be my woman. We run off to Meestar MacDonnail's tradehouse.' […] She sais she afraid.

2000，Frederic Remington，“Sun-Down Leflare's Warm Spot”, in Stories of the Old West: Tales of the Mining Camp, Cavalry Troop, & Cattle Ranch，Norman, Ok.: University of Oklahoma Press, →ISBN，頁 203:


toko

toco (“體罰”)的另一種拼寫法

When a reglar Primroser gits toko, one wonders wot next there will come.

1892，Edwin James Milliken，“On Law and Order”, in The 'Arry Ballads，verse 1，頁 58，行 4:


yu

來自漢語 玉 (yù)、卣 (yǒu)。

The Yu, although of the hardness of rock crystal, is worked into an endless variety of forms […]

1818，Clarke Abel，Narrative of a Journey in the Interior of China，頁 133:

Another stone with which it would be interesting to compare it is the celebrated yu stone of the Chinese, which Dr. Abel, in his work on China, conjectured to be a species of nephrite […]

1826, The Asiatic Journal and Monthly Register for British India and Its Dependencies:


zakat

源自：
* 波斯語 زکات (zakât)；
* 土耳其語 zekât，來自鄂圖曼土耳其語 زكات (zekat)；或
* 烏爾都語 زکات；
均源自阿拉伯語 زَكَاة (zakāh，“施捨，天課；淨化”)，來自زَكَوٰة (zakāh) (古舊)，來自亞拉姆語 זכותא/ܙܟܘܬܐ (zākūṯā，“善良，正直；優點；勝利”)，來自זכי (zəḵē，“獲得；克服，戰勝”)。

zakats (plural)
zakaah (alternative)
zakah (alternative)
zikat (alternative)
Zikat (alternative)

Zakât is an ordinance of God, incumbent upon every perſon vvho is free, ſane, adult, and a Muſſulman, provided he be poſſeſſed, in full propriety, of ſuch eſtate or effects as are termed in the language of the lavv a Niſâb, and that he has been in poſſeſſion of the ſame for the ſpace of one complete year, vvhich is denominated Havvlân-Hâvvl. The reaſon of this obligation is found in the vvord of God, vvho has ordained it in the Koran, ſaying, "Bestovv Zakât."

1791，[Burhan al-Din al-Marghinani]，章號 I, in Charles Hamilton（譯者）, The Hedàya, or Guide; a Commentary on the Mussulman Laws: […]，卷 I, London: […] T[homas] Bensley, →OCLC, book I (Of Zakât)，頁 2:

The Mahometan law insists on the legal obligation of society to support their indigent fellow-citizens, the Hedaya or Mahometan Guide begins, "take zakat," said Mahomet, "from the rich Mussulmans, and bestow it upon the poor Mussulmans: zakat or charity," says the code, "signifies alms imposed by law, in opposition to [sadka], voluntary charity." […] The zakat was a property-tax paid on all productions and profits, on merchandise, mines, &c.

1831，James Butler Bryan，章號 XII, in A Practical View of Ireland，來自the Period of the Union; with Plans for the Permanent Relief of Her Poor, and the Improvement of Her Municipal Organization: […]，Dublin: W. F. Wakeman, […]; London: Simpkin and Marshall, […], →OCLC，頁 327:

The Alcoran and all the subsequent teachings of the faithful enjoined a constant and liberal charity. […] The theory of the zakat, or tax, is that it is a voluntary gift. Contributing for the needs of the state followed in due course of time, and became obligatory. These taxes, or zakat, amounted by law to two and a half per cent. of the principal of certain assessed property.

1886，William A[ddison] Phillips，“The Mahometan System, and the Governments and Forms of Society Founded on It”, in Labor, Land and Law: A Search for the Missing Wealth of the Working Poor，New York, N.Y.: Charles Scribner’s Sons, →OCLC，頁 140:

Amongst these stations is the well-known place called Qaṭyā, which the people pronounce Qaṭya, where zakāt is collected from the merchants, their goods are examined, and their baggage most rigorously searched.

1958，Ibn Battuta，“Syria”, in H[amilton] A[lexander] R[osskeen] Gibb（譯者）, The Travels of Ibn Baṭṭūṭa A.D. 1325–1354 […]，卷 I, Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: University Press for the Hakluyt Society, →OCLC，頁 72:

Services given by the Sayyids are supposed to be free, but they should receive the Zikat, or one tenth of the fruits of the earth.

1963，Emrys L[loyd] Peters，“Aspects of Rank and Status among Muslims in a Lebanese Village”, in Mediterranean Countrymen: Essays in Social Anthropology of the Mediterranean，Paris: Mouton and Co., →OCLC，頁 170; republished in Peoples and Cultures of the Middle East: An Anthropological Reader，卷s II (Life in the Cities, Towns, and Countryside), Garden City, N.Y.: Natural History Press for the American Museum of Natural History, 1970, →ISBN，頁 88:

[…] Russian goods were subject to numerous zakats as well as to taxes on buying and selling in the bazaars, on maintaining shops and stalls in the bazaars, and on the compulsory use of the official bazaar weights.

2004，Seymour Becker，“Economic Development”, in Russia’s Protectorates in Central Asia: Bukhara and Khiva, 1865–1924，London, New York, N.Y.: RoutledgeCurzon, 出版於 2005, →ISBN, part 3 (The Russian Presence)，頁 136:

By tradition, zakat proceeds serve partly to deliver poor relief and partly to finance "praiseworthy activities," defined to include religious education and pilgrimage. In several countries, including Pakistan, zakat has become a legal obligation, and the government now organizes both its collection and its disbursement. In most parts of the Islamic world, however, zakat is collected and disbursed in a decentralized manner by local religious organizations[…].

2006，Timur Kuran，“Islam and Economics: Policy Prescriptions for a Free Society”, in Islam and the Everyday World: Public Policy Dilemmas，Abingdon, Oxfordshire, New York, N.Y.: Routledge, →ISBN，頁 43:

Zakat is a system of alms giving which constitutes one of the five pillars of Islam, and zakat committees operate as social welfare agencies by collecting zakats from able Muslims and distributing them to the less fortunate.

2009，Atta El-Battahani，“Ideological Expansionist Movements versus Historical Indigenous Rights in the Darfur Region of Sudan: From Actual Homicide to Potential Genocide”, in Darfur and the Crisis of Governance in Sudan: A Critical Reader，Ithaca, N.Y., London: Cornell University Press, →ISBN, part 1, section 1 (Origins and Evolution of the Conflict), endnote 16，頁 67:

In practice, the zakats seem to have varied a great deal with the context, the society, and local norms.

2020 March，Thomas Piketty，“Ternary Societies and Colonialism: Eurasian Trajectories”, in Arthur Goldhammer（譯者）, Capital and Ideology，Cambridge, Mass.: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, →ISBN, part 2 (Slave and Colonial Societies), footnote 76，頁 409:


They spent all day in their room, injecting and 69ing, injecting and 69ing.

他們整天待在房間裡，抽抽插插，你嗦我含。

1990，Ivan Stang，Three-fisted tales of "Bob": short stories in the subgenius mythos，期 1:

if the Bananas in Pajamas would have somehow teleported themselves to our arena, walked out to midcourt, started 69ing, and then finished each other off with a couple rusty trombones before sprouting wings and flying away[…]

如果睡衣香蕉人能把他們傳送到我們的競技場上，走到中場，開始六九，然後在長出翅膀飛走之前，拿幾隻生鏽的長號把對方幹掉 […]


bear market

Investors face a quandary. Cash offers a return of virtually zero in many developed countries; government-bond yields may have risen in recent weeks but they are still unattractive. Equities have suffered two big bear markets since 2000 and are wobbling again. It is hardly surprising that pension funds, insurers and endowments are searching for new sources of return.

2013年July6日，“The rise of smart beta”, in The Economist，卷 408, 期 8843，頁 68:


Casablanca

卡薩布蘭卡，達爾貝達（摩洛哥卡薩布蘭卡-塞塔特大區首府）

My dear Mademoiselle, perhaps you have already observed that in Casablanca, human life is cheap. Good night, Mademoiselle.

亲爱的小姐，也许您已经注意到，在卡萨布兰卡，人命是廉价的。晚安，小姐。

1942，Julius J. Epstein, Philip G. Epstein, Howard Koch，Casablanca，spoken by Major Strasser:


Chrysler

來自1925年由Walter Chrysler創立並以其名字命名的汽車公司。姓氏源自德語 Kreißler。

一輛該品牌的汽車（以前常用作豪華車的例子 (20世紀中期)）

同類詞：(豪華車，奢華) Cadillac、Buick、Lexus

He was driving a brand-new Chrysler.

他開著一輛全新的克萊斯勒。

Hop in my Chrysler, it's as big as a whale
And it's about to set sail
I got me a car, it seats about twenty, so come on
And bring your jukebox money
The love shack is a little old place where
We can get together
Love shack baby

跳上我的克萊斯勒，它像鯨魚一樣大
它即將啟航
我有一輛車，可以坐二十個人，所以來吧
帶上你的點唱機錢
愛情小屋是一個我們可以聚在一起的小地方
愛情小屋寶貝

1989，the B-52s （作曲作詞）, “Love Shack”, in Cosmic Thing，演出者 the B-52s:


Cinderella

來自cinder（如little cinder girl）。對照法語 Cendrillon。

cinderella (alternative)
Cinderellas (plural)

/ˌsɪndəˈɹɛlə/

A very early example of this can be seen in the case of the Midland Main Line (MML). At the start of 1982, this was the Cinderella of the InterCity portfolio but building more High Speed Trains (HSTs) to replace 90mph trainsets was out of the question. During 1982-83, Bleasdale shuffled his HST pack by taking sets from the Eastern and Western Regions and allocated these to the MML.

2020年January2日，David Clough，“How InterCity came back from the brink”, in Rail，頁 64:


Columbus

借自拉丁語 columbus (“鴿子”)。Colombo 的同源對似詞。動詞指的是這位意大利探險家的行為。

Columbuses (third-person singular present)
Columbusing (present participle)
Columbused (past participle)

"But, boy the powers of mud, I belayve you fellers mane to make an indepindint cruise in the Orient, and go Columbusing all over the ocean boy the way ye's talk!"

1893，American Boys Afloat: Or, Cruising in the Orient，頁 150:

Callous as the old mummy was about anything and everything save his pet hobby, archaeology, he would sit up and take notice of such a vision ; and Peter felt that, having Columbused the discovery, he had the better right to it.

To the west of the river lay the country in which I went Columbusing — the enchanted desert whose southern boundary was where the sky reached down and merged with the earth curve, and whose northern limit was the Harqua Hala range […]

No street car line passes it, so you'll have to do a little Columbusing on your own account-to find it-—but it's worth discovering, and President Gardner's phophecy sounds conservative.

聲稱擁有某物（通常是被認為屬於他人的發現）

When his black friend tells him that many people knew about the bar before he did, his white friend retorts by saying that he “Columbused it”; i.e., discovered it for white people before a gaggle of hip white people flooded in.

2014，Justin Simien，Dear White People，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 97:

Of course, there is no bouncer, but we can be careful not to Columbus other culture's traditions.

2014年July6日，Brenda Salinas，“‘Columbusing’: The Art Of Discovering Something That Is Not New”, in NPR:

He then lists other things that have been Columbused, such as twerking by Miley Cyrus and hummus by “health conscious whities.”

2015，Frederic Charles Schaffer，Elucidating Social Science Concepts，Routledge, →ISBN，頁 54:


Dionysus

通过拉丁語 Dionȳsus，源自古希臘語 Διόνῡσος (Diónūsos)。

All hail slain and risen God / All hail Dionysus / Come blessed Dionysus, various nam'd, bull-fac'd / Begot from the thunder, Bacchus fam'd


Disney

英語姓氏源自諾曼語，源自古法語 de (“……的，從……，來自……”) + Isigny (Calvados 一地名)。地名則請參見 Isigny-sur-Mer。現代用法多派生自人名 Walt Disney。

迪斯尼/迪士尼 迪士尼樂園

We went to Disney with the kids this summer.

今年夏天我們跟孩子們一起去了迪士尼樂園。

And they included children down the seashore, they included going to the mountains; our first Disney child was not until 1978, no, ’77. […] I mean, when you say to somebody, “I’m going to give you a trip to Disney,” or “I’m going to buy you a Cabbage Patch doll,” and we’re doing this for you for absolutely nothing, that’s a reward in itself.

1990，Bill Berkowitz with Bill Sample (interviewee), Local Heroes，Lexington Books, →ISBN，頁 261:

If they found any phone number from the U.S., anything, they’d deport us right away because we came here on excursion with a whole bunch of people that was going to visit Disney. That’s what everybody usually do: They say, We going to visit Disney, and we going to stay there for a week, and then we going to go back, but they end up staying.

2008，Doug Stumpf，Confessions of a Wall Street Shoeshine Boy，HarperCollins, →ISBN，頁 155:

Angela asked if we could treat ourselves to a few days at Disney. […] The week included a couple of days in Disney, Dad’s 70ᵗʰ birthday and then the long trip home.

Angela 问我们是否可以去迪士尼乐园玩几天。 […] 这一周我们在迪士尼乐园玩了几天，庆祝了爸爸的70岁生日，然后是漫长的回家之旅。

I had decided to take them, my niece, and three nephews to Disney in Orlando, FL. I was going to try and make history. I was going to make an attempt at escorting more than four Dredd kids to Disney at once and live to tell about it.

我决定带他们——我的侄女和三个侄子去佛罗里达州奥兰多的迪士尼乐园。我打算创造历史。我打算尝试一下一次性护送四个以上《特警判官》里那样的孩子去迪士尼乐园，并且活着讲述这段经历。

2009，Cleo Stinyard III，Sex, Love, & Consequences, →ISBN，頁 213:


Katar

Between Katar and the nearest limits of the province of Sharja, namely, the village of Aboo-Debee, the desert comes right down to the sea

在卡塔爾和沙迦省最近的邊界之間，即 Aboo-Debee 村，沙漠一直延伸到大海

1864，W.G. Palgrave，“Observations in Central, Eastern and Southern Arabia”, in Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London，卷 34，頁 145:

Katar, the pearl-fishery coast east of Hasa. Its inhabitants, said to be 135,000 in number, find an almost exclusive occupation in the pearl trade.

卡塔爾，哈薩以東的珍珠漁業海岸。 其居民人數據說有 135,000 人，幾乎以珍珠貿易為業。

1875，Day Otis Kellogg，“Arabia”, in Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, and General Literature，卷 2，頁 222:


Fox

* (姓氏)： 源自 fox (“狐狸”)。

和萊斯特城足球俱樂部有關的人，包括粉絲、球員、教練等

The Foxes played with plenty of initiative in the original tie at the Walkers Stadium and they started this tie in impressively positive fashion, producing the game's first two chances: Andy King's goal-bound half-volley from Steve Howard's header down was tipped over by Joe Hart and Sol Bamba headed the resultant corner wide.

2011年January18日，Phil Dawkes，“Man City 4 - 2 Leicester”, in BBC:


Kongo

more Kongo (comparative)
most Kongo (superlative)

In addition, an initial analysis of Kongo cosmology, cosmogony, and mythology allows us to see and appreciate the conceptual parallels between Kongo culture in Central Africa and in Cuba.

2013，Barbaro Martinez-Ruiz，Kongo Graphic Writing and Other Narratives of the Sign:


Seth

借自古希臘語 Σήθ (Sḗth)，源自聖經希伯來語 שֵׁת (Šet，字面意思是“被選中的，被指定的，被安置的”)。

And Adam lived an hundred and thirty years, and begat a son in his own likeness, after his image; and called his name Seth:

亞當活到一百三十歲，生了一個兒子，形像樣式和自己相似，就給他起名叫塞特。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Genesis 5:3:

源自希伯來語的男性人名。

The children suggested names. In his childhood the ones they knew would have been unheard-of (Scott, Ross, Damian, Liam, Seth) or, strangely enough, too old-fashioned for popular use (Joshua, Simon, Jack, George).

2011年November17日，Ruth Rendell，Myth / The Astronomical Scarf / Walter's Leg (Storycuts)，Random House, →ISBN:

'David, Seth and Aaron,' said Emma. 'Biblical names. I wonder if either of the parents is religious.' 'Jewish?' said Sam. 'They sound Old Testament to me.'

“大卫、塞斯和亚伦，”艾玛说。“圣经里的名字。不知道他们的父母有没有宗教信仰。”“犹太人？”萨姆说。“在我看来，他们的名字听起来像是《旧约》里的。”

2021年December7日，Elly Griffiths，The Midnight Hour，Brighton Mysteries, →ISBN，頁 34:


Gemütlichkeit

gemuetlichkeit (alternative)
gemutlichkeit (alternative)

德語式拼寫Gemütlichkeit和英語化的gemutlichkeit（有時也作gemuetlichkeit）均有使用。英語化的詞形將首字母大寫改為小寫，並替換掉了變音符。兩式混合的 *Gemutlichkeit 或 *gemütlichkeit 一般認為是錯誤拼寫。

舒適，閒適，愜意，愉快的氛圍。

John never got over contrasting her taste in clothes coupled with her experiments in domestic interiors and gemutlichkeit.

[…] and Vincent Sheean "the king of gemutlichkeit".

1967，George Thayer，The Farther Shore of Politics，Simon and Schuster:

[…] where’d they all come from, these gray hustlers, what shadows in the Gemütlichkeit of the day were harboring them?

Mr. Corde believes in gemutlichkeit more than in public welfare.

Once the nation's largest producer of beer, it still is known as a brewing capital, and is famous for its gemutlichkeit (friendly hospitality).

1995年November12日，Brenda Warner Rotzoll，“Milwaukee: A Metropolitan Playground Within Reach”, in Chicago Tribune, TRAVEL，頁 1:

Once upon a time, intellectuals knew they could do their best thinking at home, not in a public venue, and that debate would be helped along by food and drink. But is such gemütlichkeit possible in this country in 2012, when our young century has already been strafed by culture wars and juvenile attack ads?

2012年August22日，Mark Oppenheimer，“After Dinner, the Fireworks”, in The New York Times:


Lettland

[…] homestead of this nation is not the whole of Livonia, but only a part of which is called Lettland; […]

1800，William Tools，View of the Russian Empire:

The Government of Lettland since July 1 last pays a bonus on farm tractors put into service in that country […]


Magdeburg

/ˈmaɡdəbɜːɡ/

馬格德堡公國，歷史上在該地區的公國

Since the reign of Charlemagne, this country is divided into High and Low Germany... the provinces of Lower Germany towards the north conſiſt of the Low Country of the Rhine, Triers, Cologn, Mentz, Weſtphalia, Heſſe, Brunſwic, Miſnia, Luſatia, High Saxony upon the Elbe, Low Saxony upon the Elbe, Mecklenburg, Lauenburg, Brandenburg, Magdeburg, and Pomerania.

1759，George Sale et al.，The Modern Part of an Universal History，卷 XXIX: History of the German Empire，頁 2:


Harare

借自修納語 Harare，一般認為來自 haarari (“它不睡覺”)，指的是瀑布。

哈拉雷（首都名，位於津巴布韋），舊名 Salisbury

Outside, the city meandered on more fluidly, like a river of precious things and possibilities. For Harare was wealthy in those days.

2006，Tsitsi Dangarembga，The Book of Not，Faber & Faber Limited (2021)，頁s 252–253:


Mahdi

借自阿拉伯語 مَهْدِيّ (mahdiyy，“...”)。

馬赫迪 (伊斯蘭教的救世主)

Ahmadis consider Mirza Ghulam Ahmed to be the Mahdi.

"Of course, my Lord. You asked what they were shouting, though. It was Mahdi! They directed the term at the young master. When they-"
"At Paul?"
"Yes, my Lord. They've a legend here, a prophecy, that a leader will come to them, a child of a Bene Gesserit, to lead them to true freedom. It follows the familiar messiah pattern."

1965，Frank Herbert，Dune (Fiction), →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁s 100–101:

Al-Afghani was a polyglot Persian who became an international agitator, aspiring [...] to unify the Muslim masses behind the Caliph (or even the Mahdi) and to become himself the Luther of an Islamic reformation.

2012，Piers Brendon, ‘Beginning the Dissent’，Literary Review，卷 401:

穆罕默德·馬赫迪·蒙塔扎爾

How can the scholars now be considered more important than the Mahdi himself?

2024年December24日，Husam AlHakim，The Shia Terrorist Threatening to Cut Off Our Heads:


supranational

超國家的，多國的，跨國的

同類詞：infranational、intranational、national、transnational、international

Global warming is a supranational problem.

全球暖化是一個超國家的問題。

The Systems Alliance is an independent supranational government representing the interests of humanity as a whole. The Alliance is responsible for the governance and defense of all extra-solar colonies and stations. […]

星系联盟是一个独立的超国家政府，代表全人类的利益。星系联盟负责所有太阳系外殖民地和空间站的治理和防御。 […]

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect，Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Systems Alliance Codex entry:

If its Middle-earth series becomes must-see TV around the world, it would mean millions of new devoted subscribers in the Amazon Prime fellowship, collectively paying billions of dollars, lured by a fleet of dwarves, elves, and hobbits that would, one might say, rule their shopping behaviors and bind them to one supranational force.

2017年November13日，Derek Thompson，“Why Amazon Thinks You Want to Watch a ‘Lord of the Rings’ TV Show (or Five)”, in The Atlantic:


supranational

同類詞：national、transnational、international

This segment of issuers is known as the supranationals, or supras. Together with regional and agency borrowers, the bonds issued by supranationals form a bond market segment known as SSA (supras, sub-sovereigns and agencies).

2021，Alexander During，Fixed Income Trading and Risk Management: The Complete Guide，John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN，頁 147:


Marshall Islands

馬紹爾群島（大洋洲島嶼國家；法定名稱：Republic of the Marshall Islands；首都及最大城市：Majuro）。

There, in that emptiness, the typhoon is organising. For the last twenty-four hours it’s been shifting west, by now past the Marshall Islands, that fragile tracery of sinking lands so piecemeal and storm-worn.

2023，Samantha Harvey，Orbital，Jonathan Cape，頁 23:

Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs Tien Chung-kwang (田中光) then outlined the trip itinerary, stating that President Lai will visit the three Pacific allies in the following order: the Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, and then Palau. He said that during his time in the Marshall Islands, the president will meet with President Heine and her cabinet and with Speaker of the Nitijela (parliament) Brenson Wase, adding that the president will also address the Nitijela, attend a ceremony marking the completion of the Majuro Hospital AI and Telemedicine Center, and attend a state banquet hosted by President Heine.

2024年November22日，“President Lai to lead delegation on visit to the Marshall Islands, Tuvalu, and Palau”, in Office of the President, Republic of China (Taiwan) [中華民國總統府]，存檔自the original on 2024-11-22, News releases:


Thimphu

借自宗喀語 ཐིམ་ཕུ (thim phu)。

Bhutan, the tiny 'Land of the Thunder Dragon' in South Asia, is a polar contrast to what one might associate with any of its closest neighbors, China, India, Nepal, or Bangladesh. For instance, Thimphu, its most populous city, is the only capital city in the world without a single traffic light. The city’s busiest intersection is still managed by a traffic policeman directing vehicles using flamboyant hand movements accentuated by his white gloves – apparently all the traffic intervention the 114,000 residents need.

不丹，南亚的“雷龙之国”，与其近邻中国、印度、尼泊尔或孟加拉国的形象截然相反。例如，其人口最多的城市廷布，是世界上唯一一个没有红绿灯的首都。这座城市最繁忙的十字路口仍然由一名交通警察管理，他戴着白手套，挥舞着夸张的手势指挥车辆——这似乎就是全城11.4万居民所需要的全部交通干预措施。

2024年September16日，“A fledgling democracy, Bhutan aims for gender equality and public engagement in governing [作为一个新兴民主国家，不丹致力于实现性别平等和公众参与治理]”, in Deutsche Welle，存檔自the original on 2024-09-19, Asia:


Hymen

來自古希臘語 Ὑμήν (Humḗn，“海曼”)或Ὑμέναιος (Huménaios，“海曼”)。

"By the saffron robe of Hymen," cried Lord Norbourne, "but that would be a blessing! I own that I am no great friend to marriage in general; [...] If a young man has his way to make in the world, a wife is a dead weight upon his hands.

1837，Letitia Elizabeth Landon，Ethel Churchill，卷 1，頁 131:


Nairobi

借自馬賽語 enkare nyrobi (“冷水；冷河”)，內羅畢河名稱。

內羅畢，奈洛比（首都名，位於肯尼亞）。

By 1899 the railhead had reached the further edge of the Athi Plain at mile 315, and halted while the survey parties went ahead, and a supply base was established at the foot of the hills. This spot has become Nairobi.

1950 April，Timothy H. Cobb，“The Kenya-Uganda Railway”, in Railway Magazine，頁 262:


Nantong

借自官話 南通 (Nántōng)。

南通（地級市名，位於中國江蘇）。

The eastern Chinese city of Nantong, with a population of more than 7 million, has introduced a new rule to ban near-term resale of certain cheap homes in the latest step by authorities in the country to curb property market speculation.
On Wednesday the government of Nantong, near Shanghai and a number of other port cities, said property buyers who have bought new homes at prices much lower than the market average are not allowed to resell their properties for five years.

人口超过700万的华东城市南通，近日出台了一项新规定，禁止在短期内转售某些廉价住房，这是中国当局为抑制房地产市场投机而采取的最新举措。
周三，毗邻上海和其他一些港口城市的南通市政府表示，以远低于市场平均价格购买新房的购房者五年内不得转售其房产。

2019年December25日，Lusha Zhang, Ryan Woo，“China's Nantong city imposes five-year ban on resale of cheap homes to curb speculation [中国南通市实施五年低价房转售禁令，以抑制投机]”, in Reuters，存檔自the original on 2019-12-26, Business News:

Nantong city, located in the eastern province of Jiangsu, was among the hardest-hit when the extreme weather swept the Yangtze Delta on Friday night, according to state-affiliated newspaper Global Times.

据官方报纸《环球时报》报道，周五晚间，极端天气席卷长江三角洲，位于江苏省东部的南通市是受灾最严重的城市之一。

2021年May2日，“Extreme weather kills 11, injures 102 in eastern China [极端天气在中国东部造成11人死亡，102人受伤]”, in AP News，源於 Beijing (AP)，存檔自the original on 2021-05-01:


Ivan

借自俄語 Ива́н (Iván)，源自數種斯拉夫語族語言的 Ivan。John 的同源對似詞，也是其親緣詞 Evan、Giovanni、Ian、Johann和Sean 等的同源對似詞。

Amy's husband was called Ivan. Ivan the Terrible, Barry always called him, naturally. 'Ivan? What kind of name is that?' he said to Tracy after Amy's engagement was announced. 'Bloody Russian.'
'Actually, I think it's because he had a Norwegian grandfather', Tracy said.
'Norwegian?' Barry said incredulously, as if she'd just announced that Ivan's family came from the moon.

2010，Kate Atkinson，Started Early, took My Dog，Doubleday, →ISBN，頁 66:

I’m sure whoever was in charge must have been one of the last of the Fulda Fucktards, you know, those generals who spent their nard-drop years training to defend West Germany from Ivan.


Ivan

Evan，的罕見變體，源自威爾士語 Ifan，即英語 John 的威爾士語等價詞。

Dafydd ap Ivan ap Einion, an adherent to the house of Lancaster held out, in Harlech Castle, for nine years after the accession of Edward the Fourth to the throne of England.

1833，George Newenham Wright，Scenes in North Wales，T. T. and J. Tegg，頁 137:


jailbait

gaolbait (alternative)
jail bait (alternative)
jail-bait (alternative)
jailbaits (plural)

“禍水妞”，與其發生性行為即構成強姦罪的未成年女性。

"The first time she modelled for Edward Weston, in March 1934, Charis Wilson knew she didn’t look good. At 20 she was “a piece of jailbait”, a mere child, especially with the stumpy plaits into which she sometimes twisted her hair."

2009，The Economist，Charis Wilson, model and writer, died on November 20th, aged 95:


Jakarta

源自印尼語 Jakarta < 梵語 जयकर्ता (jayakartā，“帶來勝利者”)。

/d͡ʒəˈkɑː(ɹ)tə/

Batavia

雅加達（印度尼西亞首都和省）。

雅加達（印度尼西亞首都和省）。

And in fact, forgetting the past was easy to do in Indonesia. Jakarta was still a sleepy backwater in those days, with few buildings over four or five stories high, cycle rickshaws outnumbering cars, the city center and wealthier sections of town—with their colonial elegance and lush, well-tended lawns—quickly giving way to clots of small villages with unpaved roads and open sewers, dusty markets, and shanties of mud and brick and plywood and corrugated iron that tumbled down gentle banks to murky rivers where families bathed and washed laundry like pilgrims in the Ganges.

事实上，在印度尼西亚，忘记过去很容易。那时的雅加达还是一片死寂的穷乡僻壤，几乎没有四五层楼以上的建筑，人力车比汽车多，市中心和较富裕的城区——有着殖民时期的雅致环境和郁郁葱葱、受到精心照料的草坪的那片地方——没走多远景色就换成了一片片小村庄，里头有未铺砌的道路和露天下水道、尘土飞扬的市场，还有泥土、砖块、胶合板和波纹铁皮搭建的棚屋，它们顺着平缓的河岸一路蔓延到浑浊的河流中，一家家在那里洗澡、洗衣服，就像恒河里的朝圣者一样。

2006，巴拉克·奧巴馬，The Audacity of Hope: Thoughts on Reclaiming the American Dream [無畏的希望：重申美國夢]，New York, N.Y.: Crown Publishers, →ISBN，頁 273:

In an effort to make sure the referendum would not take place or that the Timorese would at least approve the outcome desired by Jakarta, the Indonesians launched yet another campaign of terror and killings, the violence dramatically increasing in the months before the UN agreement and culminating in the weeks after the vote on August 30.

为了确保全民公投不会举行，或者东帝汶人至少会认可雅加达所期望的结果，印尼人再次发起了一轮恐怖和杀戮，暴力事件在联合国达成协议前的几个月里急剧增加，并在8月30日投票后的几周内达到顶峰。

2010，Edward Herman, David Peterson，The Politics of Genocide，New York: Monthly Review Press, →ISBN，頁 90:


Noah

源自聖經希伯來語 נֹחַ (nóakh, nṓaḥ)。

Now, on the night the baby Lord Jesus was born in that stable in Bethlehem, several came to bow down to him and his mother the lady Mary. They were three powerful warlords known as the Magi who brought many fine gifts. And still another, a wonderful man, a sea captain named Noah came to visit Jesus. His ship was called Noah's Ark. The Lord Jesus liked this Noah for he was a wise man, especially in the ways of animals whom he often took sailing in his Ark. This man, Noah was born long before the Lord Jesus but men in those days lived to be very old. So, no one can be sure, no one at all, that Noah did not visit Jesus in that stable in Bethlehem.

1958，片头起1:15:49, in The Inn of the Sixth Happiness [六福客棧], →OCLC:

But records of the first dynasty, that of the Xia, contain stories of a Great Flood with a Noah-like savior, the Emperor Yu, who gained the mandate of heaven after dredging canals to dispel the floodwaters and make the land safe. Historians have long wondered whether this flood account was a creation-style myth, the folk memory of a real event, or some mixture of the two. Some have dismissed the story of Emperor Yu as a fiction intended to justify centralized rule and, in the absence of any evidence of a massive flood at the time, many have regarded the stories of the Xia dynasty as more myth than history.

但第一个朝代夏朝的记载中却记载了一场大洪水，而救世主则是像诺亚一样的禹王，他疏通了运河，驱散了洪水，保卫了天下。历史学家们一直想知道，这场洪水的记载是创世神话，还是民间对真实事件的记忆，或者是两者的混合。有些人认为禹王的故事是虚构的，目的是为中央集权统治辩护，而且由于当时没有任何证据表明发生过大洪水，许多人认为夏朝的故事更像是神话，而不是历史。

2016年August4日，Nicholas Wade，“Scientific Evidence of Flood May Give Credence to Legend of China’s First Dynasty [洪水的科学证据可能证实了中国第一个王朝的传说]”, in The New York Times, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2016-08-04, Science:

源自希伯來語的男性人名。

Easy to account for those trends - but what of post-Vietnam America and its generation of little Noahs? Were we expecting a flood momentarily?

1984，Erica Jong，Parachutes & Kisses, →ISBN，頁 354:


Viagra

商標名，可能借自梵語 व्याघ्र (vyāghrá，“老虎”)，或可能基於 vigour、virility、victory、Niagara 等詞。

love pill

偉哥，威而鋼（枸櫞酸西地那非的商品名） （自1990年代）

偉哥，威而鋼（枸櫞酸西地那非的商品名） （自1990年代）

Just like any other drug that elevates any aspect or level of performance, Viagra has a pretty harsh comedown, so to speak.

就像任何其他能提升性能力方面或水平的药物一样，伟哥的副作用可以说相当严重。

2004，Jayson Gallaway，Diary of a Viagra Fiend，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 49:


Pravda

借自俄語 Правда (Pravda，字面意思是“真理”)。

被認為不可信、且對其所有者或機構有偏見的報紙或其他媒體渠道

The fundamental purpose of the Government in introducing this measure, and in turning their three kept newspapers — the three Pravdas of Fianna Fail — to the propaganda campaign, is to wipe out the Labour Party, Clann na Talmhan, Clann na Poblachta and the Independents.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

1959, Ireland. Oireachtas. Dáil, Parliamentary debates; official report

The music press is forever weeping about corporate-dominated music, but their only real contribution is their service as Pravdas of genre orthodoxy; what's "real jazz," "real blues," "real rock 'n' roll," blah blah blah.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

Eric Pickles, the new local government secretary, said he wanted to axe 'the weekly town hall Pravdas' to ensure that a healthy independent local press can scrutinise the work of councils.
（請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2013, Bloomsbury Publishing, Whitaker's Shorts: Five Years in Review, A&C Black ISBN 9781472906168

Clinton did not mention Cernovich, but she attacked Alex Jones, the paranoiac Texas radio host, and Breitbart.com, the Pravda of the alt-right.

2016年October31日，Andrew Marantz，“Trolls for Trump”, in The New Yorker, retrieved 2017-12-02:


wiki

首次出現於1995年的PC Week。為WikiWikiWeb的縮寫，來自夏威夷語 wikiwiki (“快速的”) + 英語 web。

wikis (third-person singular present)
wikiing (present participle)
wikied (past participle)

I tore through his collection wikiing any plot points that I missed learning the importance of the players of the DC universe

2008年December1日，GeekDad，“Son of a Geek: Comics and Growing Up the DC Way”, in Wired News:

Her English is no better than my Portuguese, but I wikied 'influenza' in Portuguese and it came up with 'gripe'

2009年June18日，Lizz Holmans，“Janus”, in uk.rec.sheds (Usenet):

I did research on the internet and found out so. I “wikied” it.

Blogging, wiki-ing, coding are all activities that generate authorial product.

2006，Deptford Tv，Deptford.TV Diaries，頁 73:

The best way to start wiki-ing is to find an existing wiki (that is, a hosted wiki) and start adding to it.

2007，Dan Woods with Peter Thoeny, Wikis for dummies，頁 17:

For example, blog and wiki software can be used to support all sorts of activities that are not commonly associated with the activities of “blogging” or “wikiing.” This includes activities like sharing syllabi, publishing announcements

2008，Robert E. Cummings with Matt Barton, Wiki writing: collaborative learning in the college classroom，頁 46:

The history of wikied novels isn't pretty (Penguin Books never published the gobbledygook that was "A Million Penguins"), and no one has dared wiki a jazz song.

2009年October19日，“Cooking Consensus: Will Wiki Work in the Kitchen?”, in Time，存檔自the original on 2011-06-04:


Yamato

源自日語 大和 (Yamato)，後者來源不明，但可能和山 (yama) 有關。

When the Guptas were ruling in India and the Tang were ruling in China and the Yamatos were ruling in Japan, no one was ruling in Australia! The people of Australia were nomads.

當笈多在印度統治，唐在中國、大和在日本統治時，沒有人在澳大利亞！澳大利亞的人是游牧民族。

2007，S. Wise Bauer，The Story of the World, History for the Classical Child, →ISBN，頁 90:


Yantai

來自漢語 煙臺／烟台 (Yāntái)的漢語拼音，得名於明朝時期當地奇山上的狼煙塔。

Yen-tai (alternative)
Yen-t’ai (alternative)

煙臺（地級市名，位於中國山東）

It’s the time of early spring in Yantai, the central city on the Shandong Peninsula. The trees are quietly stretching new branches and sprouting fresh green buds, spreading out the turquoise of cyan on the piece of the land.

現在是煙臺，這座山東半島中部城市的早春時節。樹木伸出新枝，吐出嫩芽，在這一帶土地上鋪開一片青色。

2022年May12日，“Yantai, a Fairyland in the Spring Breeze [煙臺，春風中的仙境]”, in EFE，存檔自the original on 2022-07-13:


acceder

[…] lawful covenants, made by the greater part of a society bind the whole, and every future acceder to it,—at least, unless the minority o[f] acceders have, by a proper dissent, diverted the obligation from themselves […]

1780，John Brown，The Absurdity and Perfidy of All Authoritative Toleration of Gross Heresy，Glasgow, Letter 2, p. 128:

He mentions this, not, of course, for readers in general, but for the sake of those daily acceders to the list of the reading public, whose knowledge of books is not yet equal to their love of them.

1835，Leigh Hunt，Captain Sword and Captain Pen，London: Charles Knight, Advertisement，頁 8:


amnesia

來自修改後的拉丁語 amnesia，來自古希臘語 ἀμνησία (amnēsía，“遺忘”)，為μιμνήσκω (mimnḗskō，“提醒，記得”)的名詞派生詞，並加上否定前綴。

amm

一種強效的以苴麻為主的大麻品種

ammie

一種強效的以苴麻為主的大麻品種

一種強效的以苴麻為主的大麻品種

She's lighting up some sensis, he's lighting up amnesias / I'm 'bout to get it started, I'm 'bout to get amnesia'd

2015，Jme （作曲作詞）, “Man Don’t Care” (音軌號 13), in Integrity>，演出者 Jme:


infame

源自拉丁語 īnfāmāre，源自 īnfāmis (“聲名狼藉的”)；比較法語 infamer、意大利語 infamare。參見infamous。

infames (third-person singular present)
infaming (present participle)
infamed (past participle)

破壞……的名譽，使……臭名昭著

sapience, hitherto obscured, infamed

1667，John Milton，“(please specify the book number)”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:

Livia is infamed for the poisoning of her husband.

莉維亞因毒害丈夫而臭名昭著。

1625，Francis [Bacon]，“Of Empire”, in The Essayes […]，第3rd版, London: […] Iohn Haviland for Hanna Barret, →OCLC:


Karachi

借自烏爾都語 کراچی (karācī)和信德語 ڪراچي (karācī)，源自早期的کولاچی (kolācī)，得名自Mai Kolachi。

/kəˈrɑːt͡ʃi/

卡拉奇，喀拉蚩（巴基斯坦最大城市，信德省省會）。

Karachi, colourful buses, colourless buildings, graffitied walls, billboards advertising mobile phones and soft drinks and ice cream, birds circling in the white-hot sky.

卡拉奇，色彩斑斓的公交车、毫无色彩的建筑、涂满涂鸦的墙壁、手机、软饮料和冰淇淋的广告牌、在白热的天空中盘旋的鸟儿。

2017，Kamila Shamsie，Home Fire，Bloomsbury (2018)，頁 208:


manga

源自日語 漫画(まんが) (manga)，來自中古漢語 漫 (中古 manH, “自由，散漫”) + 畫 (中古 hweaH|hweak)。與官話 漫畫／漫画 (mànhuà)，朝鮮語 만화 (漫畵／漫畫, manhwa)同源。最早是葛飾北齋1814年作品之題。manhua 的同源對似詞。

English speakers are quick to notice the at times incorrect use of English in anime and manga. Many English words are customarily used in standard Japanese speech, and sometimes they are pronounced and employed in a manner quite different from their native use.

2001，Gilles Poitras，“What makes anime unique”, in Anime Essentials: Every Thing a Fan Needs to Know，頁 63:

Manga (Japanese comics) are everywhere. Even here in Auckland. One can find various titles in their original versions as well as in Chinese, Korean and English translations.

2007，Yukako Sunaoshi，“Who reads comics? Manga readership among first-generation Asian immigrants in New Zealand”, in Popular Culture, Globalization and Japan，頁 94:

Manga-influenced comics by Western authors are frequently sold alongside manga, although in most bookstores the decision is primarily a matter of format and packaging (i.e., whether the book is printed in the compact manga size or the traditionally larger American comic book format).

2012，Jason Thompson，“Introduction”, in Manga: The Complete Guide，頁 46:


rebato

rabato的另一種寫法

Why do they crown themselves with gold and silver, use coronets and tires of several fashions, deck themselves with pendants, bracelets, ear-rings, chains, girdles, rings, pins, spangles, embroideries, shadows, rebatoes, […]

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:


vincular

See Table 3.2 for a collection of enumerative results related to vincular 3-patterns, as well as for their connections to other combinatorial objects.

2011，Sergey Kitaev，Patterns in Permutations and Words，頁 293:


antipasto

借自意大利語 antipasto (“餐前的[食物]”)。

The antipasto often features fettunta—thin slices of Tuscan bread toasted and salted (the bread itself is unsalted) and perhaps rubbed with garlic (you may prefer to rub it on for yourself, or not if you're due to discuss Uganda or have an interview with Silvio Berlusconi)

2009，Nicholas Belfrage，The Finest Wines of Tuscany and Central Italy, →ISBN，頁 312:


barista

借自意大利語 barista (“調酒師”，字面意思是“咖啡師”)，來自bar（來自英語 bar）+ -ista (“……的人”)；對照barman。

barrista (alternative)
baristas (plural)
baristi (plural)

Barista在意大利語中，可以指男性和女性。對於粗略熟悉意大利語語法的人，初次接觸該詞可能會覺得很女性化，這點在作為其矯枉過正的陽性派生詞baristo的存在得到證實。

"From behind the counter of this provincial train station coffee shop, Joanna was barista and unofficial shrink to wildly varied London-bound travellers," writes author Laline Paull. Confessions of a Barista on Platform 1 was published on February 9 by The Firle Press [...].

2021年March10日，“Stop & Examine”, in RAIL，期 926，頁 70:


barista

barrista (alternative)
baristas (third-person singular present)
barista-ing (present participle)
baristaing (present participle)
baristaed (past participle)

I helped out in the business while I was at school—we all did, whether it was washing up or baristaing or clearing the tables for Dad and washing them down when the shop closed—but this one night I was meant to be working a late shift when I had a chance to play in a concert. […] Are you still OK for another half-hour lesson on baristaing, tonight? […] ‘It’s advanced baristaing—an extra,’ he admitted.

2007，Kate Hardy [pseudonym; Pamela Brooks]，In Bed with Her Italian Boss，Harlequin, →ISBN，頁 24:

Nevertheless, we’ll both be done with barista-ing soon.

2009，Laura Schaefer，The Teashop Girls，Simon & Schuster Books for Young Readers, →ISBN，頁 220:

We hadn’t exchanged a word since our stupid tiff at TSB—we’d just baristaed side by side in silence, which isn’t easy when your workspace is the size of a broom closet.

2009，Jody Gehrman，Triple Shot Bettys in Love，Dial Books, →ISBN:

If pure chance guided me to glory in the heady world of competitive barista-ing, the rewards came to be measured in frustration.

2011，Andrew Wear，“The Flavor of Choice: Neoliberalism and the Espresso Aesthetic”, in Coffee – Philosophy for Everyone: Grounds for Debate，Wiley-Blackwell, →ISBN，頁 163:

But it was crappy of me to steal instead of bartending or barista-ing or temping or something.

2013，K.W. Taylor，“Doomed”, in Sidekicks!，Alliteration Ink, →ISBN，頁 170:

Barista Boy grins and goes back to barista-ing.

2015，Jo Knowles，Read Between the Lines，Candlewick Press, →ISBN，頁 57:

I nodded to Mary, where she was working the frothing machine like she’d been barista-ing for much longer than a month.

2015，Kate Rorick, Rachel Kiley，The Epic Adventures of Lydia Bennet，Touchstone, →ISBN，頁 95:

When she’s not barista-ing, she’s writing scripts for murder mystery dinner events.

2015，Richard Polt，The Typewriter Revolution: A Typist’s Companion for the 21st Century，The Countryman Press, →ISBN:

“How was barista-ing?” “Same as always. A few more burns, a few more tips.”

2016，Cara McKenna，章號 19, in Downtown Devil，InterMix, 出版於 2017, →ISBN:

Somewhere right now, behind the counter at a McDonald’s or delivering pizza for Domino’s or barista-ing at Starbucks, there may be a guy with a gaggle of fantastic ideas for screenplays, Broadway shows, computer software, or, yeah, even healthcare!

2017，Ken Davenport，How to Succeed in the Arts…Or in Anything，Davenport Theatrical Enterprises, Inc., →ISBN，頁 44:

Because I can’t fight crime every day, I spent Tuesday and Wednesday doing what I get paid for: barista-ing.

2018，Kirsten Weiss，章號 15, in Witch: A Doyle Witch Cozy Mystery, →ISBN:

Actually I hear nothing but orders, shouts of / disembodied names / disembodied people / Barista-ing, hard on the legs

2019，Arthur Smyth，Duet Quartet，Xlibris, →ISBN，頁 34:

It’s easy—I turn out to be a sort of savant at barista-ing. […] Between customers I instruct her in the fine art of barista-ing.

2020，Jan Gallagher，Double Latte Death，Xlibris, →ISBN:

Along the halls, stories were muttered of graduates turned down from barista-ing, pool attending, dishwashing.

2020，Rowan Hisayo Buchanan，Starling Days，The Overlook Press, →ISBN:

But after X times of harassing him, he’d caved and admitted he only got 11 pages in before bowing out. This right after I’d finished trying to walk across country. Failing to. Back home barista-ing. Renting a room out of my high school home.

2022，Sean Thor Conroe，Fuccboi，Little, Brown and Company, 出版於 2023, →ISBN:

My first child was three by that time and I’d given up acting (okay, fine … barista-ing) to become a housewife and mother.

2023，Kira Davis，“Critical Race Theory (Here Goes Nothin’)”, in Drawing Lines: Why Conservatives Must Begin to Battle Fiercely in the Arena of Ideas，Fidelis Publishing, →ISBN:

Raisa is long gone baristaing to the early workers of Spitalfields by the time Amon Brightbourne wakes from white sleep.

2023，Ian McDonald，章號 11, in Hopeland，Tor Books, →ISBN:


MRI

MRIs (third-person singular present)
MRIing (present participle)
MRIed (past participle)

When the delirium stopped and it was safe to take Versed, her doctors doped her up and she managed to endure the MRI, on condition that I remain with her all the time. They MRIed her skull for thirty minutes, and two days later MRIed her spine for an hour.

2005，Donald Hall，The Best Day the Worst Day: Life with Jane Kenyon，Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company, →ISBN，頁s 99–100:

Remarkably, no one to that point had suggested MRIing my leg, which is where my pain actually was. Everyone surmised that the issue was really in my back. Dr. Smith scheduled an MRI for that very day.

2014，Mark Herzlich，What It Takes: Fighting For My Life and My Love of the Game，New York, NY: New American Library, →ISBN，頁 74:


soffritto

借自意大利語 soffritto (字面意思是“用文火煎、炸的”)。

/səˈfɹiːtəʊ/

/səʊˈfɹiːtəʊ/

mirepoix

索夫利特醬，西班牙、義大利、葡萄牙與拉丁美洲料理中的一種底醬

索夫利特醬，西班牙、義大利、葡萄牙與拉丁美洲料理中的一種底醬

同類詞：sofrito

Most European cultures use a patiently chopped, heated and stirred vegetable mixture, such as a mirepoix or soffritto, always including members of the onion family, and Pollan explores the chemistry of these, as well as their adaptive value.

2013年May22日，Paul Levy，“Cooked: A Natural History of Transformation by Michael Pollan – review”, in The Guardian:


frittata

The classic Italian egg pie, the frittata is an attractive dish that requires no fancy rolling or split-second timing... Much of the preparation for most frittate can be done in advance[.]

1998，Mark Bittman，How to Cook Everything，頁 740:


stagione

借自意大利語 stagione (“季節”)。station 的同源對似詞。

一种歌剧演出系统，每部剧目单独演出，演出时间短但密集

Again, for New York to have a stagione house is an interesting departure.

2008年June4日，Anthony Tommasini，“In Charting Its Future, City Opera Chooses an Adventurous Path”, in New York Times:


stufa

借自意大利語 stufa (“爐子”)。stove 的同源對似詞。

At its source is the still active stufa known as Acqua Castiglione al mare, the water of which has a temperature of from 160° to 170°F.

1875，“The Geological Magazine Or Monthly Journal of Geology”, in (請指定書籍名或刊物名):


tamburello

幾種類似壁球或網球的義大利球類運動之一，球員用類似手鼓的工具擊球

Exhibition tamburello matches were then arranged with British and local American athletes as charity fund-raisers […]

2013，Gerald R. Gems，Sport and the Shaping of Italian-American Identity，頁 2:


insider trading

內線交易，內幕交易，內部交易

Wall Street wants repeal of the provisions for penalizing executives (and large stockholders) who trade in their company's securities. It claims that publicity on such "insider" trading is enough.

华尔街希望废除对交易公司证券的高管（和大股东）进行处罚的规定。它声称，公开此类“内幕”交易就足够了。

1942年February9日，“Back to Philadelphia”, in Time:

The aim of insider trading law is simple: prohibit people from profiting from advance knowledge of a stock-moving event—be it a merger, an earnings warning or a soon-to-be-published news story.

内幕交易法的目的很简单：禁止人们利用对股票波动事件的提前了解来获利——无论是合并、盈利预警还是即将发布的新闻报道。

2003年June5日，Jake Ulick，“Insider trading: A primer”, in CNNMoney.com, retrieved 2008-10-25:


venti

原始印歐語詞
 *dwóh₁
借自意大利語 venti (“二十[盎司]”)。

比 grande 更大杯的咖啡，通常為 20 盎司

"They always order ventis," a cashier said brightly, "and are great tippers."

2002年July14日，Judith Matloff，“Whose Neighborhood?”, in The New York Times，頁 3:


deo

Some men complain their deos don't work after regular use. Your underarm area can build up immunity to the same product. Alternating two deos can give you total protection.

2005, Drum: A Magazine of Africa for Africa (issues 687-694, page 32)

He brandishes a can of deodorant (deo) spray as he says this, grinning all the time. 'I started using this about two years ago. I didn't realise deos can be so useful in controlling sweating and keeping me feeling fresh. […]

2014，Damodar Mall，Supermarketwala: Secrets To Winning Consumer India:

'Maybe it's a teeny bit embarrassing, but seeing that we're good friends, Jabłonovska, don't you use any deo?' 'Any what?' 'Deo. Deodorant.' She pronounced the final T sharply and distinctly.


shaka

來源不確定。Shaka在夏威夷語中不是一個詞，夏威夷語中沒有/ʃ/的音。

這手勢在夏威夷衝浪文化與南美流行。

沙卡手勢：源於夏威夷互相打招呼示好的手勢

Greet someone with the slang, “Howzit?” and say goodbye with a flash of the “shaka” sign (fist closed, thumb and pinky extended) and you have established your credibility with Hawaii natives.

2008年August10日，“Obama: At Home in the Islands”, in New York Times:

US President-elect Obama flashes the 'shaka' before he greets a crowd […]


unca

That's from the poem of the legend of Kubla Kahn's palace in the lost valley of Xanadu! Alph was the river in the legend! Unca Scrooge, this is the road to Xanadu!

1991，Don Rosa，“Return to Xanadu”, in Uncle Scrooge，卷s 261-262，頁 5:


abominate

首次記錄於1644年。可能自abomination 的逆構詞。或者，派生自晚期拉丁語 abōminātus，abōminarī (“貶低為不祥之兆”) 的過去分詞，源自ab + ominari (“預示、預兆”)，源自omen。

abominates (third-person singular present)
abominating (present participle)
abominated (past participle)

/əˈbɒm.əˌnəɪt/

/əˈbɒm.ɪˌnəɪt/

abhor

極度憎恨、厭惡、鄙棄 （首次記錄於17世紀中期）

極度憎恨、厭惡、鄙棄 （首次記錄於17世紀中期）

"Much as I abominate writing, I would not give up Mr. Collins's correspondence for any consideration."

“我平常虽然最讨厌写信，可是我无论如何也不愿和柯林斯断绝书信往来。”


about-turn

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-about-turn.wav

（思想、觀點等）徹底改變（首見於20世紀中期）

A sell-out crowd of 10,000 then observed perfectly a period of silence before the team revealed their black armbands, complete with stitched-in poppies, for the match. After Fifa’s about-turn, it must have been a frantic few days for the England kit manufacturer. The on-field challenge was altogether more straightforward.

2011年November10日，Jeremy Wilson，“England Under 21 5 Iceland Under 21 0: match report”, in Telegraph:

When Francis visited Chile in 2018, he dismissed the protesters and accused them of “calumny” in the full gaze of the world’s press. It caused the head of the Vatican’s own sex abuse commission to rebuke his boss publicly. Back in Rome, Francis responded by dispatching an envoy to look into the case. When his report came back siding with the protesters, Francis did a swift about-turn and described what he said on his visit to Chile as “the lowest moment” of his papacy.

2025年April21日，Peter Stanford，“Pope Francis obituary”, in The Guardian:


absconder

潛逃者，逃亡者 （首次記錄於17世紀末。）

[…] unless such an Act of Grace do reach insolvent Absconders, who to shun the Cruelty of their severe Creditors confine themselves out of their Reach, ’tis humbly conceived, ’twill be but half an Act of Grace.

1696，Considerations upon the Bill for the Relief of Poor Prisoners,:

What else could it all mean but that Mr. Robert Weymouth was an absconder—was about to fly with the bank’s remaining funds […]

除了羅伯特·韋茅斯先生是一名潛逃者之外，這一切還能意味著什麼——即將帶著銀行剩餘的資金逃走 […]

1909，O. Henry，“The Guardian of the Accolade”, in Roads of Destiny，Doubleday Page，頁 33:

Steve and I sneaked immediately, like beaten curs, like cowards, like absconders from justice.

史蒂夫和我立刻偷偷溜走，像被打敗的野狗，像膽小鬼，像逃避正義的潛逃者。

1910，Jack London，“That Spot”, in Lost Face，New York: Macmillan，頁 112:

He smiled at the view over the hedge, at the other front gardens, at the approaching Rover and then its driver, squinting in a rictus of his own against the evening sun, and making Paul feel again like an intruder, or now perhaps an absconder.

他微笑著看著樹籬上的景色，看著前面的另一個花園，看著駛來的荒原路華，然後是它的司機，在傍晚的陽光下瞇著眼睛，讓保羅再次感覺自己像一個入侵者，或者現在可能是個潛逃者。

2011，Alan Hollinghurst，The Stranger’s Child，Knopf Canada, Part Three, Chapter 1:


abseiling

He pictured the abseiling, literally a flight down the mountain on the doubled cord of his long rope, and he thought that those hours speeding down the cliffs would be the finest of his life.

Greenpeace offers its supporters the chance to fund brave and glamorous adventures (inflatables pitted against whalers; abseilings against smokestacks), and in exchange to wear something very like the medieval pilgrim's token: to put a rainbow sticker in their car windows.

Moderate ravines, with some drops requiring rope or prolonged swims, include Oscuros de Balce/s, Estrechos de Balce/s and Gorgoncho/n, all close to Bierge, while experts-only abysses above Rodellar include Gorgas Negras, Otin and Mascu/n Superior, all involving thirty-metre abseilings and strenuous clambering.

2004，Marc Dubin，The Rough Guide to the Pyrenees, →ISBN，頁 464:

Between that and the abseiling, I think I left enough skin behind on those rocks to cover an entire second person.

2013，Marie Brennan，A Natural History of Dragons: A Memoir by Lady Trent, →ISBN，頁 242:


academe

借自新拉丁語 academia，派生自古希臘語 Ἀκαδημία (Akadēmía)；academy 的同源對似詞。Academe 是古雅典附近的花園或樹林的名稱，柏拉圖曾在此講學；據說以其前主人阿卡德摩斯（Ἀκάδημος／Ἑκάδημος，希臘神話中一位阿提卡英雄）命名。

academy

學會 （自16世紀晚期）

academia

學術生活、環境或社群 （自19世紀中期）

pedant

高等院校的高級教職員工；學究 （自20世紀中）

學會 （自16世紀晚期）

Navarre shall be the wonder of the world; / Our court shall be a little Academe,/ Still and contemplative in living art.

1603，William Shakespeare，Love's Labour's Lost:

學術生活、環境或社群 （自19世紀中期）

His father expected him to enter the government or a major corporation upon graduation from the university, but Noboru Wataya chose to remain in academe and become a scholar.

1997，Haruki Murakami，譯者 Jay Rubin, The Wind-Up Bird Chronicle，New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc.; 再版 New York: Vintage Books, 1998, →ISBN，頁 74:


accelerated

more accelerated (comparative)
most accelerated (superlative)

加速的，比平常移動或進展得更快的

The requirement that students read textual materials before their first class is probably more important for accelerated than intensive courses, but it is relevant for both.

2010，Raymond J. Wlodkowski, Margery B. Ginsberg，Teaching Intensive and Accelerated Courses: Instruction that Motivates Learning, →ISBN，頁 9:

OMB's November 15 deadline for the PAR submission is earlier than the statutory deadline. OMB's recent memorandum to agency heads on the subject made this accelerated deadline permanent

2006，David M. Walker，Performance Budgeting: PART Focuses Attention on Program Performance, But More Can Be Done to Engage Congress, →ISBN，頁 41:


accountable

more accountable (comparative)
most accountable (superlative)

Every man is accountable to God for his conduct.

You will be held accountable for your misdemeanors.

"Because the railway is economically and socially vital, it receives large amounts of public money and must therefore ultimately be accountable to government. [...]

2020年April22日，Philip Haigh，“Labour's blueprint for the future of Britain's railways”, in Rail，頁 28:

True religion . . . intelligible, rational, and accountable, -- not a burden but a privilege.

1703，Benjamin Whichcote，Moral and Religious Aphorisms:


pimenta

The pimenta trees grow spontaneously, and in great abundance, in many parts of Jamaica, but more particularly on hilly situations near the sea, on the northern side of that island[…]

在牙买加的许多地方，特别是在该岛北侧靠近大海的丘陵地区，自然生长着多香果树，而且数量非常之多 […]

1814，John Lunan，Hortus jamaicensis，頁 67:


submeter

分錶，副錶（尤用於電錶）

Proponents say residential submeters encourage tenants to reduce their energy consumption by making households that never had to worry about electricity costs take financial responsibility for the power they use.

支持者表示，住宅分表可以让那些从来不用担心电费的家庭承担起自己用电的经济责任，从而鼓励住户减少能源消耗。

2009年February15日，Manny Fernandez，“State Freezes Plan to Have Tenants Pay Electric Bills”, in New York Times:


submeter

submeters (third-person singular present)
submetering (present participle)
submetered (past participle)

“The submetering program is intended to help conserve energy, which is something that we remain committed to,” he said.

他说： “分表安装计划旨在帮助节约能源，这是我们一直致力于做的事情。”


recommencer

Sir Frederic Morton Eden has defended the peace too well for the recommencers of hostile practices.

1803，The Annual Review and History of Literature，卷 1，頁 257:


sexual intercourse

The yogi hopes to gain the universal feminine of Shakti by giving up sexual intercourse; he offers up his phallus in celibacy.

1981，William Irwin Thompson，The Time Falling Bodies Take to Light: Mythology, Sexuality and the Origins of Culture，London: Rider/Hutchinson & Co.，頁 129:

Mosher et al (2005)，源自the NSFG for 2002, reported on the percentage of each age group who had experienced oral sex but not sexual intercourse.

2009，John Bancroft，Human Sexuality and Its Problems，頁 197:


abe

Let it abe, I say.

1839, The New Monthly Magazine, volume 1, page 527:

But if it amuses her I let it abe.

1864，Charles Dickens，Household Words，頁 186:

But let that abe.

1885，Charles Gibbon，Heart's Delight，頁 154:


nudiustertian

借自拉丁語 nudius tertius，源自短語 nunc dies tertius est (“现在是第三天”)。此詞為納撒尼爾·沃德 (1578–1652) 於《The Simple Cobler of Aggawam in America》（1647）中所造。

One of the best Chocolate gateau^([sic，意為gateaux]) I have ever had! And I just had it nudiustertian afternoon.

2015年April14日，“Jet”，“Jamaica Blue”, in Brewtiful Coffee (blog)，存檔自the original on 2016-04-10:

Nudiustertian – adjective Definition: Want a new way to mention something that happened on Wednesday – the day before yesterday? Here you go. Example: “I shared some corned beef hash that nudiustertian morning.”

2015年August21日，“Jaffe Morning Briefing”, in NJTV，存檔自the original on 2015-09-06:


tri-V

能夠記錄或顯示三維視訊的系統。

能夠記錄或顯示三維視訊的系統。

No, the slightest imbalance there would have alarms flashing all over the room. Probably it was the fact that he knew the threedee was a little out of whack.

1969，Dave Van Arnam，Starmind，New York, N.Y.: Ballantine Books，頁 14:

A man Ellaby's own size was sitting there, viewing a 3D. When he heard Ellaby at the door he got up.

1955 January，Martin Lesser，“The Dictator”, in Imagination，卷 6, 號 1，頁 85:


alongside

/əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/

/əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/

/əˌlɑŋˈsaɪd/

/əˈlɑŋˌsaɪd/

/əˌlɔŋˈsɑɪd/

The nurse worked alongside the doctor.

The Italian opted for Bolton's Cahill alongside captain John Terry - and his decision was rewarded with a goal after only 13 minutes. Bulgaria gave a hint of defensive frailties to come when they failed to clear Young's corner, and when Gareth Barry found Cahill in the box he applied the finish past Nikolay Mihaylov。

2011年September2日，Phil McNulty，“Bulgaria 0-3 England”, in BBC:

A “moving platform” scheme[…]is more technologically ambitious than maglev trains even though it relies on conventional rails. Local trains would use side-by-side rails to roll alongside intercity trains and allow passengers to switch trains by stepping through docking bays.

2013年June1日，“Ideas coming down the track”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8838，頁 13 (Technology Quarterly):

Gatwick, on the other hand, is alongside the Brighton main line, with rail services both to the north (City and West End) and south.

2019 October，John Glover，“Heathrow rail expansion”, in Modern Railways，頁 71:


Chinglish

And as Global English evolves through the twenty-first century, Chinglish will, undoubtedly, continue to have a sizable impact.

随着全球英语在 21 世纪的发展，中式英语无疑将继续产生巨大影响。

2008，Paul J.J. Payack，A Million Words And Counting: How Global English Is Rewriting The World, →ISBN:

Andrea acknowledged that she spoke Chinglish, that she hated her accent, and that learners needed a comprehensible teacher voice in the classroom.

Andrea 承认自己说的是中式英语，她讨厌自己的口音，而且学习者需要在课堂上听到教师能听懂的声音。

2010，Janette Ryan, Gordon Slethaug，International Education and the Chinese Learner, →ISBN，頁 146:

You will see signs written in Chinglish all over China. These signs are usually amusing to English-speaking westerners because they often make no sense, or the translation is inappropriately sexual in content.

在中国，你随处可见用中式英语书写的标语。这些标语通常会让说英语的西方人感到好笑，因为它们往往毫无意义，或者翻译成不恰当的性爱内容。

2011，Jean M. Life，LIFE IN CHINA: My Story, →ISBN，頁 204:

The same can be said about the speakers of Teochiu, Hokkien, Hakka, and Cantonese and Hailam in Southeast Asia, Cantonese in Hong Kong, and all the different topolect speakers and Chinglish or pidgin speakers in the United States.

在东南亚，讲潮州话、福建话、客家话、粤语和海拉姆语的人，在香港，讲粤语的人，以及在美国讲各种方言和中式英语或皮钦语的人，都是如此。

2012，Shu-mei Shih，Sinophone Studies: A Critical Reader, →ISBN，頁 32:


Asia-Pacific

If current trends continue, according to the U.S.-China Economic and Security Review Commission, by 2020 the Chinese could have more than 350 submarines and missile-equipped surface ships in the Asia-Pacific. By contrast, the U.S. Navy projects that it will have 67 submarines and surface ships “stationed in or forward deployed to” the Asia-Pacific by 2020.

2015，Dick Cheney，Liz Cheney，Exceptional: Why the World Needs a Powerful America，Threshold Editions, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 222:


Arsenal players protested about the free-kick awarded against Laurent Koscielny for a foul on Crouch but they failed to defend it properly, losing three 50-50s in their own box as the visitors restored parity.

2011年October23日，Jefferson Lake，“Arsenal 3 - 1 Stoke”, in BBC Sport:


Zorro

來自西班牙語 zorro (“狐狸”)。

I told her about the Z found etched in Hector Peña's blood and my theory that the killer may indeed picture himself or herself as some kind of avenger, a modern-day Zorro with a twist.

1999，Kate Calloway，6th sense: a Cassidy James mystery:

[…] he made himself visible at certain crucial and dramatic moments, like a kind of Zorro of the ecodefense movement.

2000，T Coraghessan Boyle，A Friend of the Earth:

You are a real Zorro. You ride in, rescue the fair damsel (Maartje), start massive fires and vanish — until the next perceived injustice.

2006，Bob Onan，Taming Storm Surges: When Ecology, Engineering And Faith Meet:


telepathy

Gerwin Schalk and Anthony Ritaccio, at the Albany Medical Center, are working under a multimillion-dollar grant from the U.S. military to design and develop devices that enable soldiers to communicate telepathically. Although this seems like something out of a science fiction story, the Pentagon believes that these so-called telepathy helmets are sufficiently feasible that it is devoting more than $6 million to the project. The target date for completion of the prototype device is 2017.

2013，Al Gore，The Future: Six Drivers of Global Change，New York: Random House, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 239:


flabbergasted

more flabbergasted (comparative)
most flabbergasted (superlative)

He was flabbergasted at how much weight he had gained.

他對體重增加的幅度感到非常吃驚。

Maxwell made a lunge at his flabbergasted guest, who ducked just in time to escape the great hands reaching for him.

麥克斯韋向他目瞪口呆的客人猛撲過去，客人及時躲開，躲開了伸向他的大手。

1952，Agnes Morley Cleaveland.，Satan's Paradise: from Lucien Maxwell to Fred Lambert，Houghton-Mifflin:

From behind her paper, she was flabbergasted to see a neatly dressed man helping himself to her cookies.

從報紙後面，她看到一個衣著整潔的男人正吃著她的餅乾，這讓她'大吃一驚。

2008，Dutch Sheets，Watchman Prayer: Keeping the Enemy Out While Protecting Your Family, Home，Gospel Light，頁 57:


ice-cold

來自中古英語 *is-cold，來自古英語 īsċeald，對應ice + cold。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 ieskoold (“冰冷”)、西弗里斯蘭語 iiskâld (“冰冷”)、荷蘭語 ijskoud (“冰冷”)、南非語 yskoud (“冰冷”)、德國低地德語 ieskold (“冰冷”)、德語 eiskalt (“冰冷”)、丹麥語 iskold (“冰冷”)、瑞典語 iskall (“冰冷”)、挪威語 iskald (“冰冷”)、法羅語 ísakaldur (“冰冷”)、冰島語 ískaldur (“冰冷”)同源。

more ice-cold (comparative)
most ice-cold (superlative)

When Tripp holds his red soda like it’s an ice-cold beer, it probably isn’t actually Mountain Dew Code Red, but it might as well be.

2017年January12日，Jesse Hassenger，“A literal monster truck is far from the stupidest thing about Monster Trucks”, in The Onion AV Club:

Now I'm sitting here
Sipping on my ice-cold beer
Lazing on a sunny afternoon.


sleigh

源自現代荷蘭語 slee，源自中古荷蘭語 slede，最终源自原始日耳曼語 *slidô。sled 的同源對似詞，與 slide 也有較遠的親緣關係。

雪橇 (對比較小的“sled”)

Santa travels in a sleigh.

In 1958, it was reported that for "the fourth year in succession, staff of four South London stations have combined to decorate the booking hall at Peckham Rye station". They installed a nativity scene, models of Father Christmas, and a sleigh driven by huskies, and Christmas trees were placed around the station.

1958年，有报道称“连续第四年，伦敦南部四座车站的工作人员联合起来装饰佩克汉姆黑麦车站的售票大厅”。他们在车站周围布置了耶稣诞生场景、圣诞老人模型和哈士奇拉的雪橇，还摆放了圣诞树。

2023年December27日，David Turner，“Silent lines...”, in RAIL，期 999，頁 29:


Chernobyl

借自俄語 Черно́быль (Černóbylʹ)。

/tʃɜːˈnɒbəl/

/tʃɜːˈnəʊbəl/

乌克兰人建议使用“Chornobyl”而不是“Chernobyl”。前者是该地点的乌克兰语名称，而后者来自俄语，被视为支持俄罗斯民族主义。

切爾諾貝利，車諾比（廢棄城市名，位於烏克蘭西北）

A couple of oil shocks, a Chernobyl meltdown, and a Gulf War later, his basic message - the need to emphasize efficiency and renewable resources over oil and nuclear power - is still a minority view,[…]

在经历了几次石油危机、一次切尔诺贝利核电站事故和一次海湾战争之后，他的基本观点——需要强调效率和可再生资源而不是石油和核能——相信的人依然不多， […]

1991年July26日，Brad Knickerbocker，“Think Tank on the Efficient Energy Trail”, in Christian Science Monitor:


Chernobyl

借自俄語 Черно́быль (Černóbylʹ)。

/tʃɜːˈnɒbəl/

/tʃɜːˈnəʊbəl/

Many secret cities were Chernobyls in slow motion.

1994 August，“Nuclear chaos”, in Popular Science，卷 245, 期 2，頁 54:

The effects of a Chernobyl disaster in my community would probably be barely noticeable.

切尔诺贝利式的灾难对我的社区的影响可能几乎难以察觉。

1999年May6日，Terence Scully，“When cell phones kill our brain waves, we will worry less”, in The Record (Kitchener, Ont.):

So those would be a lot of Chernobyls that the ecosystem would have to deal with.

因此，生态系统必须应对许多类似切尔诺贝利事故的灾害。

2007年September7日，“Imagining a World Without Humans”, in NPR_TalkNation:

It has to be handled properly with great accuracy and no room for mistakes, because if we do have like a Chernobyl catastrophe, God forbid, it could wipe out our entire people.

必须非常准确、妥善地处理此事，不容有任何差错，因为如果我们真的遭遇像切尔诺贝利事故那样的灾难（但愿不会发生），它可能会消灭我们全体人民。

2010年March10日，Ben Garcia，“Many Kuwaitis yet to be convinced on nuke energy”, in Kuwait Times:


sunken

She looked old and thin with sunken cheeks and hollow eyes.

她看起來又老又瘦，臉頰和眼眶都凹陷著。

The heartbreak will take some getting over; the sunken forms of the players at the full-time whistle said as much.

2023年July20日，Suzanne Wrack，“Spain win Women’s World Cup as Olga Carmona strike breaks England hearts”, in The Guardian:


looting

打劫、狩掠、搶劫或搶掠的行為

Looting rumors and fear of crime often exaggerated after natural disasters

搶掠的謠言和對犯罪的恐懼通常在發生自然災害之後被誇大


self-made

self-structured

靠自己奮鬥成功的；白手起家的

self-formed

靠自己奮鬥成功的；白手起家的

nepotistic

靠自己奮鬥成功的；白手起家的

cronyish

靠自己奮鬥成功的；白手起家的

靠自己奮鬥成功的；白手起家的

My father was the quintessential self-made man.

我的父亲是典型的白手起家的人。

“These were people who were self-made, and self-made people made up their own words,” Mr. Sokolowski added.

2021年November9日，Max Harrison-Caldwell，引 Peter Sokolowski, “Words Full of Sound and Fury”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:

Originally each school was bound only by self-made rules.

1905，Fielding Yost，Football for Player and Spectator:


semi-circular

more semi-circular (comparative)
most semi-circular (superlative)

Seven huge concentric semi-circular rings of stone surround the northern end, and quite rightly are Grade 2-listed by conservation body Historic England.

2020年August26日，Tim Dunn，“Great railway bores of our time!”, in Rail，頁 45: