konak

源自鄂圖曼土耳其語 قوناق (konak，“宅邸，客棧”)。

奧斯曼帝國時期土耳其官員的宅邸

It was a small pretty town with four minarets and one campanile and the Pasha's konak sprawling across the foothills.

2006，Thomas Pynchon，Against the Day，Vintage, 出版於 2007，頁 943:


épicier

A Parisian épicier may be always known by his physical exterior, by his dress, his phraseology, his gait, or a certain ostentatiousness of manner, which the prying eye of the caricaturist will not fail to mark and make the most of.


krokodil

源自俄語 крокоди́л (krokodíl，“鱷魚”)，指其對皮膚的破壞性作用。crocodile 的同源對似詞。

But other synthetic drugs, such the ones known in the streets as bath salts, now dominate the market in Russia, while the most common sign of krokodil is the quiet devastation it has left behind.


thank

源自中古英語 thank ← 古英語 þanc (“想法，感謝，滿足”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *þankaz (“想法，回憶，感謝”) ← 原始印歐語 *tong-, *teng- (“想”)。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 Tonk, 西弗里斯蘭語 tank, 荷蘭語 dank, 低地德語 Dank, 德語 Dank, 丹麥語 tak, 瑞典語 tack, 法羅語 tøkk, 冰島語 þökk同源。與thought有關。

If ye do good to them which do good to you, what thank have ye? for sinners also do even the same.

如果你們只善待那些善待你們的人，難道有什麼可稱讚的嗎？連罪人也這樣做。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Luke 6:33:


thank

源自中古英語 thanken, thankien ← 古英語 þancian, þoncian (“感謝”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *þankōną (“感謝”) ← 原始日耳曼語 *þankaz (“想法，感謝”) ← 原始印歐語 *teng- (“想，感覺”)。與薩特弗里斯蘭語 tonkje (“感謝”), 西弗里斯蘭語 tanke (“感謝”), 荷蘭語 danken (“感謝”), 低地德語 danken (“感謝”), 德語 danken (“感謝”), 丹麥語 takke (“感謝”), 瑞典語 tacka (“感謝”), 冰島語 þakka (“感謝”)同源。與thought有關。

thanks (third-person singular present)
thanking (present participle)
thanked (past participle)

She thanked him for the lift.

她對他載她一程表示感謝。

The Scarecrow and the Tin Woodman and the Lion now thanked the Good Witch earnestly for her kindness; and Dorothy exclaimed: […]
#*:: 稻草人、鐵皮樵夫和獅子由衷地感激甘琳達的善良。多蘿茜大聲說： […]

1900, L. Frank Baum, The Wonderful Wizard of Oz Chapter 23

I told him about everything I could think of; and what I couldn't think of he did. He asked about six questions during my yarn, but every question had a point to it. At the end he bowed and thanked me once more. As a thanker he was main-truck high; I never see anybody so polite.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 4, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

We can thank global warming for this weather.

我們可以把這樣的天氣歸咎於全球變暖。

But Miss Thorn relieved the situation by laughing aloud,[…]. By the time we reached the house we were thanking our stars she had come. Mrs. Cooke came out from under the port-cochere to welcome her.

1898，Winston Churchill，章號 5, in The Celebrity:


omakase

借自日語 お任せ (omakase，“交給您了；由您來決定”)。

廚師發辦：餐廳點餐的一種方式，由主廚決定用餐的菜單

So Americans are stuck between chef-driven omakase meals at elite restaurants that cost a fortune and the cheap, predictable fare at our neighborhood places.

因此，美国人只能要么选择在高档餐厅里由大厨精心烹制、价格不菲的omakase餐食，要么选择邻里餐馆里便宜又可口的餐食。

2007年July15日，Trevor Corson，“Sushi for Two”, in New York Times:

He prefers a greasy cheeseburger to a hundred-dollar omakase sushi dinner.

比起价值一百美元的omakase寿司晚餐，他更喜欢油腻的芝士汉堡。

2007，Jeremy Blachman，Anonymous Lawyer: A Novel，Henry Holt and Company, →ISBN:

An omakase menu is available, as are sushi plates, which consist of a variety of nigiri, maki, and／ot sashimi chosen by the chef.

酒店提供omakase菜单以及寿司拼盘，其中包括厨师选择的各种握寿司、卷寿司和/或生鱼片。

2011，Crystal Esquivel，Food Lovers' Guide to® Austin: Best Local Specialties, Markets, Recipes, Restaurants & Events，Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN，頁 56:


laika

源自俄語 ла́йка (lájka)。

Q—The Russians picked a laika to occupy the space capsule. Do you think a dachshund would have been a wiser choice?


lakin

可能源自古諾爾斯語 leika。

And the gay lakin, mistress Fitton, mount and cry O, and his dainty birdsnies, lady Penelope Rich, a clean quality woman is suited for a player, and the punks of the bankside, a penny a time.

1922 February，James Joyce，“[Episode 9: Scylla and Charybdis]”, in Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey]，頁 193:


meh

* 因《辛普森一家》的 "Sideshow Bob Roberts"一集而流行。

more meh (comparative)
most meh (superlative)

They redeemed themselves with this show. The first song or two was meh, but they were on fire after that.

2003，steve-o，“Jam On The River Mini-Review”, in rec.music.phish (Usenet):

The voice is excellent as always, but the overall effect was meh until the end, where he became a little bit awesome.

2006，Suzanne D.，“Recaps: Finals Week 8 Performances, 5/2/2006”, in alt.tv.american-idol (Usenet):

Nothing that was supposed to be big and exciting came off as such and the rest was meh at best.

2006，FunkyM，“Turned on RAW for the first time in forever last night...”, in rec.sport.pro.wrestling (Usenet):

Both shows left me feeling, meh.

2003，Dana，“10/18/03 Shows”, in alt.tv.trading-spaces (Usenet):

I’m a huge Clay fan, love Ruben’s voice, and have become quite a fan of Kelly’s, as well. Fantasia just leaves me feeling meh.

2004，jennifer，“The FANtasia thing: I don’t get it...”, in alt.gossip.celebrities (Usenet):

I liked it but I wasn’t feeling it for some reason that day, again, I was feeling meh toward video games in general.

2006，ettie...@hotmail.com，“Steve’s impressions on random Genesis games”, in rec.games.video.sega (Usenet):


meh

表示漠不關心，不在乎或缺乏興趣。

“What do you want for dinner?” — “Meh. I’m not really hungry.”

“晚飯你想要吃什麼？” — “嗯。我還不是很餓。”

“That film was awesome!” — “Meh. I’ve seen better.”

“那部電影很好看啊！” — “哦，我看過比這還好的。”

Marge: [weaving on a loom] “Hi Bart, I’m weaving on a loom!”
Bart: “Meh”.

1995年March19日，“Lisa’s Wedding”, in The Simpsons:

Scientists say that while the public may think of the moon as a problem solved and a bit retro – the place astronauts visited a half-dozen times way back before Watergate and then abandoned with a giant "meh" from mankind – in fact, lunar studies is a vibrant enterprise that is yielding a wealth of surprises.

2014年September7日，Natalie Angier，“The Moon comes around again [print version: Revisiting a moon that still has secrets to reveal: Supermoon revives interest in its violent origins and hidden face, International New York Times, 10 September 2014, p. 8]”, in The New York Times:


spades

黑桃作為最大花色的紙牌遊戲

Griff and his cronies played spades at the back of the classroom.

2019，Colson Whitehead，The Nickel Boys，Fleet，頁 57:


autist

Most autists are not artists, as most artists are not autists; but in the chance of their coming together […] there must, I think, be an interaction between the two, so that the art takes on some of the strengths and weaknesses of autism […]

1995，Oliver Sacks，An Anthropologist on Mars:

Like children and animals, autists have relatively rudimentary conceptual lives.

2011，W M Bernstein，A Basic Theory of Neuropsychoanalysis:


sexist

more sexist (comparative)
most sexist (superlative)

A defender of communitarianism might argue that just because extant communitarian theories are sexist, it does not follow that communitarianism is inherently sexist.

2013，Susan J. Hekman，Moral Voices, Moral Selves: Carol Gilligan and Feminist Moral Theory:


ignorer

THESE days it seems to me, a passionate ignorer of football, that all anyone can talk about around here are the Green Bay Packers.

2008年January20日，Lauren Fox，“Political Football”, in New York Times:


rin

繼承自中古英語 rinnen，來自古英語 rinnan (“跑”)，來自原始日耳曼語 *rinnaną (“跑”)。run參見更多資訊。

rins (third-person singular present)
rinning (present participle)
ran (past)
run (past participle)

"Besides," he continued, "I'm no sure that I'm right in rinning—rinning! I'm no rinning , I'm ganging; weel then I'm no sure that I'm right doing a witch's errand, whether rinning or ganging, sae I'se stand still and consider it.[…]."

1836，Allan Cunningham，Lord Roldan，卷 1, John Macrone，頁 314:

O! gin I were where Gadie^([the name of a rivulet]) rins,

a. 1846，John Imlah，“Where Gadie rins”, in The Poets and Poetry of Scotland, Volume II，Harper & Brothers, 出版於 1876，頁 211:

I had a servant who had lived all his life-time within four miles of Plymouth, who told me of a circumstance which occurred to his mother, thus:— "Mawther ben out gatherin' nits, and when she kimbed hum she went to shet the shetters , and then she seed a man rin out of the dewr weth three spewns weth un, what he had stould, and away he rinned, and my mawther rinned arter un. 'Twas as fine a mewnlight night as cud be seed tew (too); an she cud see un stright on afore her; and hallowed tew she ded as lang as ever her wind beered up, and rinned and rinned; at laest she rinned un out of sight, and never goat the spewns she dedn't"

1879, I. T. Tregellas [John Tabois Tregellas], Peeps Into the Haunts and Homes of the Rural Population of Cornwall, Netherton & Worth (Truro), Houlston & Sons (London), page 3,


stoicism

Jones’ sad eyes betray a pervasive pain his purposefully spare dialogue only hints at, while the perfectly cast Brolin conveys hints of playfulness and warmth while staying true to the craggy stoicism at the character’s core.

2012年May24日，Nathan Rabin，“Film: Reviews: Men In Black 3”, in The Onion AV Club:


louche

more louche (comparative)
most louche (superlative)

Upstairs Downstairs hosts the Kennedys and Wallis Simpson (these days, in British culture, the archetypal louche American).

2012年February25日，“The other half lives: The transatlantic appeal of the British ruling classes”, in The Economist，存檔自the original on 2016-04-28:

The aunt will refuse; she will think the whole proceeding very louche!

1888，Henry James，“The Aspern Papers”, in The Atlantic Monthly，卷 LXI, Boston, Mass.: Atlantic Monthly Co., →OCLC，頁 304:

特立獨行而又名聲不光彩的；放蕩的

Anyone inside the business can also tell you that without Carine Roitfeld's louche sexy styling Tom Ford's Gucci might easily have come off looking like a high-end Club Monaco.

2007年September9日，Guy Trebay，“Who will pull together the collections?”, in The New York Times，存檔自the original on 2015-11-03:


louche

louches (third-person singular present)
louching (present participle)
louched (past participle)

將酒精飲料（如烏佐酒，苦艾酒）與水混合，因生成茴腦導致酒變渾濁（乌佐效应）。

Certain anise-flavored drinks have developed a mystique based on the exotic appearance of louching.

In distillation, the first few liters of absinthe to come out of the still are called the head; the last few liters are the tail. The head and tail don't have enough alcohol to keep the oils in suspension, so the absinthe comes out of the still louched.

2010，Paul Owens，Paul Nathan，Dave Herlong，The Little Green Book of Absinthe: An Essential Companion with Lore, Trivia, and Classic and Contemporary Cocktails，New York, N.Y.: Perigee Books, →ISBN:


Brexit

Britain + exit 組成的混成詞，類推自 Grexit。
根據牛津英語詞典，最早的使用記錄是在2012年5月15日，由 Peter Wilding 在 Euractiv 的一篇部落格文章中發表，標題為「Stumbling towards the Brexit」，與2012年2月6日創造的 Grexit 作類比。

Unless a clear view is pushed that Britain must lead in Europe at the very least to achieve the completion of the single market then the portmanteau for Greek euro exit might be followed by another sad word, Brexit.

除非人们明确认识到英国必须至少在欧洲发挥领导作用以实现单一市场的完成，否则“希腊退出欧元区”之后可能会出现另一个令人悲伤的词——“英国脱欧”。

2012年May15日，Peter Wilding，“Stumbling towards the Brexit [蹒跚走向英国脱欧]”, in EurActiv，存檔自the original on 2016-06-24:

The business community began to take the idea of Brexit seriously. Three major American banks, the Bank of America, Citibank and Morgan Stanley, revealed they were working on contingency plans to relocate from London to Dublin […]

商界开始认真考虑英国脱欧。美国三大银行——美国银行、花旗银行和摩根士丹利透露，它们正在制定从伦敦迁往都柏林的应急计划 […]

2015，Denis MacShane，Brexit: How Britain Will Leave Europe [英国脱欧：英国将如何脱离欧洲]，London: I.B. Tauris, →ISBN，頁 6:

David Cameron has resigned as Prime Minister after Britain voted to leave the European Union. It followed a turbulent night with Remain campaigners quietly confident until the early hours when results from Newcastle and Sunderland showed better than expected returns for the Brexit camp. A surprise victory for a Brexit in Swansea, which was expected to vote to Remain, did little to dampen concerns despite Scotland overwhelmingly backing staying in the Union.

英国投票决定脱离欧盟后，戴维·卡梅伦辞去首相一职。此前，留欧派一直信心满满，直到凌晨纽卡斯尔和桑德兰的投票结果显示，脱欧派的选情好于预期。斯旺西原本预计会投票支持留欧，但出人意料地支持脱欧，尽管苏格兰绝大多数人支持留在欧盟，但斯旺西的脱欧派却意外获胜，这无助于缓解担忧。

2016年June24日，Kate McCann，“EU referendum live: David Cameron resigns after UK shocks the world by voting for Brexit [欧盟公投直播：英国脱欧震惊世界，卡梅伦辞职]”, in The Daily Telegraph，存檔自the original on 2016-06-24:

The pensions of British Eurocrats are shaping up to be one of the most politically poisonous points in the UK’s Brexit talks, as the EU and London prepare to clash over liabilities running to several billion euros.

随着欧盟和伦敦准备就高达数十亿欧元的债务问题发生冲突，英国原欧盟官员的养老金问题有望成为英国脱欧谈判中最具“政治毒性”的议题之一。

2016年August1日，Alex Barker, Jim Brunsden，“Eurocrats’ pensions shape up to be flashpoint in Brexit talks [欧盟官员养老金有望成为脱欧谈判焦点]”, in The Financial Times，London:

We must lift the uncertainty caused by Brexit.

我们必须消除脱欧造成的不确定性。

2017年June19日，Michel Barnier，“Brexit Negotiations: David Davis says ‘Promising Start’ Made [英国脱欧谈判：大卫·戴维斯称“开局良好”]”, in BBC News:

[Donald] Tusk said: “Our agreement will not make trade between the UK and the EU frictionless or smoother. It will make it more complicated and costly than today, for all of us. This is the essence of Brexit.”

[唐纳德]图斯克表示：“我们的协议不会让英国和欧盟之间的贸易变得顺畅。它将使我们所有人之间的贸易比现在更加复杂和昂贵。这就是脱欧的本质。”

2018年March7日，Daniel Boffey, Jennifer Rankin，“EU scorns UK’s ‘pick and mix’ approach to trade post-Brexit [欧盟蔑视英国脱欧后“挑三拣四”的贸易方式]”, in The Guardian，London:

Meanwhile, The Sunday Times revealed that civil servants had warned of a “Doomsday Brexit” if no agreement is reached, creating shortages of medicine, fuel and food.

与此同时，《星期日泰晤士报》披露，公务员警告称，如果不能达成协议，英国将迎来“世界末日脱欧”，从而导致药品、燃料和食物短缺。

2018年June5日，“Brexit poll reveals record number of voters think decision to leave EU is wrong [英国脱欧民意调查显示，创纪录数量的选民认为脱欧决定是错误的]”, in The Independent，London:

“It’s all incredibly unhelpful and what we need to do now is to get closer with our European partners and work out what a realistic, pragmatic Brexit is that works for both sides, the EU and ourselves.”

“这一切都无济于事，我们现在需要做的是与我们的欧洲伙伴更加紧密地联系在一起，并找出一个对双方、对欧盟和我们都有利而务实的脱欧方案。”

2018年June23日，“Brexit: Theresa May ‘not bluffing’ in threat to leave EU without a deal, Tory minister Liam Fox says [英国脱欧：保守党大臣利亚姆·福克斯称，特蕾莎·梅威胁无协议脱欧“并非虚张声势”]”, in The Independent，London:

A further referendum is not just a way for voters to decide whether to incur the economic and social cost of a final Brexit deal.

再次公投不仅仅是选民决定是否承担最终脱欧协议的经济和社会成本的一种方式。

2019年March5日，David Miliband，“As foreign secretary I argued against an EU referendum. Now I back one [担任外交大臣期间，我反对留欧公投。现在我支持]”, in The Guardian:

The EESC also considers that the €5.4 billion reserve will not be sufficient to mitigate the negative effects of Brexit and asks the co-legislators to increase the proposed ceiling.

欧洲经济和社会委员会还认为，54亿欧元的储备不足以减轻英国脱欧带来的负面影响，并要求共同立法者提高拟议的上限。

2021 November，Christiaan van Lierop，European Parliamentary Research Service:

Brexit has also made it harder for the UK to deport migrants back to the EU as the country has left the bloc’s asylum scheme.

由于英国已退出欧盟的庇护计划，脱欧也使得英国将移民遣返回欧盟变得更加困难。

2021年December2日，“Frontex plane arrives in northern France to help fight people smuggling [Frontex 飞机抵达法国北部协助打击人口走私]”, in Euronews，源於 AFP:

Thanks to Brexit, many ferry companies now run direct from Ireland to the EU mainland, bypassing UK ports such as Fishguard, with an impact on traffic.

由于英国脱欧，许多渡轮公司现在从爱尔兰直达欧盟大陆，绕过菲什加德等英国港口，这对交通产生了影响。

2022年November16日，Paul Bigland，“From rural branches to high-speed arteries [从乡村支线到高速干线]”, in RAIL，期 970，頁 52:

Even the BBC, long prevaricating on the issue, has started properly reporting the Brexit catastrophe, particularly its impact on the cost of living, NHS staff shortages and projections of weak future economic growth.

就连长期在脱欧问题上含糊其辞的英国广播公司，也开始正确报道脱欧灾难，特别是其对生活成本、国民保健服务人员短缺以及未来经济增长疲软预测的影响。

2023年February2日，Andrew Adonis，“Sooner or later, re-entry to the customs union and single market is inevitable [迟早，重新加入关税同盟和单一市场是不可避免的]”, in Prospect:

Biden’s irritation with London’s inability to solve its “Irish question” after Brexit has also played a role.

拜登对英国脱欧后伦敦无法解决“爱尔兰问题”的恼怒也起到了一定作用。

2023年August7日，Jo Harper，“UK–US: What’s happened to their free trade deal? [英国 - 美国：他们的自由贸易协定发生了什么？]”, in Deutsche Welle:

The mayor of London has urged EU citizens to “choose London” over other European cities, promising to make the UK capital a better place to live and work despite Brexit.

伦敦市长敦促欧盟公民“选择伦敦”而不是其他欧洲城市，并承诺尽管英国脱欧，但仍将使英国首都成为一个更好的生活和工作场所。

2023年October6日，Heather Stewart，“‘Choose London’: Sadiq Khan steps up efforts to lure EU citizens post-Brexit [“选择伦敦”：萨迪克·汗加大力度吸引英国脱欧后的欧盟公民]”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:

The Brexit referendum seemingly heralded such a moment but other than the negative sentiment of leave, the more positive agenda of what to do with the UK’s newfound status has been found wanting.

英国脱欧公投似乎预示着这一时刻的到来，但除了脱欧的负面情绪外，对于如何更积极地处理英国新地位的议程却被发现存在不足。

2023年November3日，Tim Olivier，“Brexit: a critical juncture in the UK’s international relations? [英国脱欧：英国国际关系的关键时刻？]”, in UK in a Changing Europe:

The Brits have been uniquely incompetent in wallowing in narcissistic irrelevance ever since the Brexit vote. They’ve refused to admit that the only path forward for them is a crippling deal with the United States that will give them access to the NAFTA system but at the cost of any kind of economic sovereignty.

自英国脱欧公投以来，英国人一直沉溺于自恋的无足轻重状态，表现得极为无能。他们拒绝承认，他们唯一的出路是与美国达成一项艰难的协议，这将使他们能够进入北美自由贸易协定体系，但代价是牺牲任何形式的经济主权。

2023年November23日，Peter Zeihan，“Ireland Needs a New Game Plan || Peter Zeihan”, in Zeihan on Geopolitics，源於 YouTube, 2:55–3:14:

Brussels has warned the UK that it must fully apply the existing Brexit deals on EU citizens and Northern Ireland before it will entertain a reset in the relationship with London.

布鲁塞尔警告英国，它必须全面执行针对欧盟公民和北爱尔兰的现有脱欧协议，然后才会考虑重启与伦敦的关系。

2024年August1日，Lisa O'Carroll，“UK must apply existing Brexit deals before any reset in relations, says EU [欧盟称英国必须在重启关系前执行现有的脱欧协议]”, in The Guardian:


Brexit

Brexits (third-person singular present)
Brexiting (present participle)
Brexited (past participle)

Brexiting the EU, not leaving Europe

2015，Stefano Francesco Fugazzi，Brexit?, →ISBN，頁 27:

[Nigel] Farage recalls: What was clear from that polling was that in June 2015 the most trusted person in the country on whether to Brexit or not to Brexit was David Cameron.

[奈杰尔]法拉奇回忆道：从那次民意调查中可以清楚看出，2015年6月，在是否脱欧问题上，英国民众最信任的人是戴维·卡梅伦。

2016，Owen Bennet，章號 10, in The Brexit Club: The Inside Story of the Leave Campaign’s Shock Victory, →ISBN:

Parisiens I had talked to were universally disgusted: with David Cameron, for holding the vote; with the British, for Brexiting; […]

与我交谈过的巴黎人普遍感到厌恶：对戴维·卡梅伦举行公投感到厌恶；对英国人脱欧感到厌恶； […]

2016，Maureen Dowd，“Unconventional Conventions”, in The Year of Voting Dangerously: The Derangement of American Politics, →ISBN:


maken

And emõges his familiares theſe wordes folowyng were muche in his mouthe: The damyſelles of Perſia maken ſore yies.

1542，Eraſmus of Roterodame，“The Saiynges of Alexander the Greate”, in Nicolas Vdall（譯者）, Apothegmes […] ，頁 197:

To whom no ſhare in armes and cheualree, / They doe impart, ne maken memoree[…]

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book III, Canto II”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 1，頁 410:

All these Starres maken one hundred and eight, / Bright and conſpicuous without deceite.

1606，Nathaniel Baxter，Sir Philip Sydneys Ourania, that is, Endimions Song and Tragedie, containing all Philosophie:


over the moon

(熟語) 十分高興，樂翻天

Winemakers are over the moon to be able to showcase the individual nuances within their vineyards.

2003年December14日，Kate Drake，“Champagne Supernova”, in Time，存檔自the original on 2012-03-29:


mali

借自印地語 माली (mālī，“園丁”) ← 梵語 माली (mālī，“做花環者；花藝師；園丁”)，源自माला (mālā，“花環，花圈，花冠”)。

(印度，南亞) 南亞一類種姓，傳統職業是園藝方面；園丁 （自18世紀）

I sent down dhobies, sweepers, cooks, and mallees, last to dig trenches for burying the dead, when burning was not possible.

1871年November29日，“Cachar: Further Correspondence on the Subject of the Looshai Raids and the Consequent Hostilities (in Continuation of Paper, No. 398, of 1871)”, in Accounts and Papers: Thirty-six Volumes，卷s X (East India—continued), [London]: Ordered, by The House of Commons, to be printed, 出版於 28 May 1872, →OCLC，頁 301:


matryoshka

源自俄語 матрёшка (matrjóška)源自人名Матрёна (Matrjóna) ← Матрона (Matrona)，源自拉丁語 mātrōna。

matryoshkas (plural)
matryoshki (plural)

/ˌmætɹɪˈɒʃkə/

/ˌmɑtɹiˈoʊʃkə/

Russian doll

俄羅斯套娃 （自20世紀）

俄羅斯套娃 （自20世紀）

The past is not only a foreign country that we half knew existed; it is hiding another concealed country behind it, and behind that one, another, and another – like a set of Russian matryoshki, in which larger dolls conceal smaller.

2011，Norman Davies，Vanished Kingdoms，Penguin，頁 35:


meister

源自德語 Meister (“專業人士，大師；冠軍”)，源自古高地德語 meistar ← 拉丁語 magister。參見master，mister，magister，maestro。

The designated leaders so far include superstars like Harold Varmus, a Nobel laureate, and Eric Lander, genome meister.

2009年January20日，Natalie Angier，“In ‘Geek Chic’ and Obama, New Hope for Lifting Women inTimes”, in (請指定書籍名或刊物名):


merch

His playful point of view on youthful American sportswear, expressed in boxy mohair jackets with graphic resin bubble buttons and tomboy T-shirt dresses in superfine chiffon as bright as tangerine sorbet, is backed up with what stores would describe as the merch: easy scoop-neck cashmere sweaters in a mix of colors, lightweight T-shirts and sheared mink Army caps.

2007年February15日，Eric Wilson，“Babes in Label Land”, in New York Times:


ee

(蘇格蘭、英格蘭北部、古舊用法) 眼；同eye。

[…] and he never took his ee aff them, or said another word […]


ee

(英格蘭北部) 同eh。

Father advanced with outstretched hand and announced in a loud, very hearty voice: "Ee, I'm pleased to meet ye, lad. […]

1975, R. Chetwynd-Hayes, The Werewolf and the Vampire

'Ee by gum lass we've seen nought of thee this many a long year, thou's a sight for sore eyes,' he said planting a kiss firmly on Mum's cheek...

2008，Mavis Crawley，The Rolling Stone: Based on the True Story of My Life:


eight pack

You could be one of those genetically gifted individuals who has the potential to show off an eight-pack instead of a six.

2006，David Zinczenko，The Abs Diet，頁 263:


pay attention

pays attention (third-person singular present)
paying attention (present participle)
paid attention (past participle)

I was on my way to the door, but all at once, through the fog in my head, I began to sight one reef that I hadn't paid any attention to afore.

1913，Joseph C. Lincoln，章號 4, in Mr. Pratt's Patients:

Please pay attention to the danger signs.


tweet

擬聲詞。對比twitter。

[Ignatz, dropping Officer Pupp's police whistle into the lake:] The fishes will have lots of fun tweeting tweets on it.

1934年April7日，George Herriman，Krazy Kat，Saturday, comic strip, →ISBN，頁 104:

推文；在社交平台推特上發佈的帖子

Every few seconds, a tweet appears and vanishes somewhere on the globe.

2007年April22日，Jason Pontin，“Twitter takes instant messaging to an extreme”, in International Herald-Tribune:

For example, as you edit a tweet in Twitter, the number of characters left is updated as you type.

2008，Wendy Chisholm, Matthew May，Universal Design for Web Applications:

A tweet can be received via SMS to your cell phone […]

2008，Chris Seibold，Big Book of Apple Hacks:

He was watching the media coverage, talking to his lawyers. And we saw that because of his tweets on Truth Social, or his posts on Truth Social.

2023年August3日，Kristen Holmes，The Lead with Jake Tapper，CNN:


tweet

擬聲詞。對比twitter。

tweets (third-person singular present)
tweeting (present participle)
tweeted (past)
twote (past)
tweeted (past participle)
twoten (past participle)

In Saudi Arabia, one of the most conservative societies, one online rebel has rocked the Islamic establishment with tweeted allegations of corruption within the ruling royal family.

2012年April19日，Josh Halliday，“Free speech haven or lawless cesspool – can the internet be civilised?”, in the Guardian:

Mr Trump tweeted: "Big day planned on national security tomorrow. Among many other things, we will build the wall!"

2017 Jan 25, BBC World Service, "Donald Trump: 'We will build Mexico border wall'", http://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-38740717 (Retrieved 2017-01-25)


national anthem

With such focus from within the footballing community this week on Remembrance Sunday, there was something appropriate about Colchester being the venue for last night’s game. Troops from the garrison town formed a guard of honour for both sets of players, who emerged for the national anthem with poppies proudly stitched into their tracksuit jackets.

2011年November10日，Jeremy Wilson，“tEngland Under 21 5 Iceland Under 21 0: match report”, in Telegraph:


anthem

源自中古英語 anteme ← 古英語 antefn, antefen, 古法語 antiene, anteine, anteivne，源自拉丁語 antiphōna ← 古希臘語 ἀντίφωνα (antíphōna)，ἀντί (antí，“對”) + φωνή (phōnḗ，“聲音”)。對比antiphon和ant'em。

In May 2000, they even finally cracked the UK top ten when they teamed up with Paul Van Dyk on the trance anthem "The Riddle"...

2003，Peter Buckley，The rough guide to rock:


aks

源自古英語 axian (“問”)；參見ax。

aks (third-person singular present)
akses (third-person singular present)
aksing (present participle)
aksed (past participle)

(多見於西非、非裔美國人、倫敦移民口音) 問

Another thing, kid, don't aks me no more questions tonight.

2004，Larry Dean Hamilton，A Gathering of Angels，頁 132:


arp

"The arp can be applied to instruments by inserting it as a MIDI effect before your synth of choice."

2014年June4日，Bruce Aisher，“COMPLEX ARPS”, in Attack，存檔自the original on 2018-09-16:


arp

All through the prayer he made little arp! arp! noises like a baby seal.

2001, Ruth Bell Graham, Blessings for a mother's day

"ARP, ARP, ARP." George turned and saw the seal waddling down their side of the river.

2002，Larry Mehelic，Searching for Blue-Eyed Trout:

Usually when I speak about arp [address resolution protocol], at least one person in the audience acts like a seal and shouts, "Arp, arp, arp!"

2003，Chris Wolf，Troubleshooting Microsoft technologies:


precrastinate

precrastinates (third-person singular present)
precrastinating (present participle)
precrastinated (past participle)

It can also “precrastinate,” that is, engage in a series of tasks too early, in a way that results in serious and unnecessary burdens and costs.

2015，Cass R. Sunstein，Choosing Not to Choose: Understanding the Value of Choice, →ISBN，頁 12:

You know me. I never procrastinate. I do the opposite. I precrastinate.

2015，Joseph Muratore，Rise of a Terrorist, →ISBN:

Because of the general application of precrastination, it was picked up by the media (eg, Richtel, 2014) and even led to the suggestion that people who precrastinate sacrifice creativity because they don't leave enough time for incubation (Grant, 2016).

2019 February，Lisa R. Fournier, Emily Coder, Clark Kogan, Nisha Raghunath, Ezana Taddese, David A. Rosenbaum，“Which task will we choose first? Precrastination and cognitive load in task ordering”, in Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics，卷 81, 號 2:


tacitly

more tacitly (comparative)
most tacitly (superlative)

Your failure to object to the request resulted in you tacitly approving the change.

你沒有反對該請求，導致你默認同意該變更。

The new accusation brought by Urban against Manfred of murdering his sister-in-law's embassador – it may be observed that, tacitly, he acquits him of parricide, fratricide, and nepoticide – requires a little explanation.

1856，Mrs. William Busk，Mediæval Popes, Emperors, Kings, and Crusaders: Or, Germany, Italy and Palestine, from A.D. 1125 to A.D. 1268，卷 IV, London: Hookham and Sons, →OCLC，頁 294:

The assumption that these are identical in meaning and usage between Indian English and Anglo-American English, while tacitly accepted, is untested, and fundamentally unknown.

2012，James Lambert，“Beyond Hobson-Jobson: A new lexicography for Indian English”, in World Englishes，頁 306:


yokan

“Homemade yokan. You must be quite special to this girl,” he teased. “She's just one of many,” I laughed. Matsu picked up one of the rectangular red bean cakes and put it entirely into his mouth.

“自己手工做的羊羹。你在这个女孩心中的地位一定很特别，”他调侃道。“她只是众多人中的一个，”我笑道。松拿起一块长方形的红豆糕，把它一整个放进嘴里。

2008，Gail Tsukiyama，The Samurai's Garden，頁 61:


naw

源自低地蘇格蘭語 naw, naa, na ← 中古英語 na ← 古英語 nā (“不，從不”)。參見no。

'Naw, hen, sorry. Ye're too young for us. Come back when you've got a couple mair years under yer belt, eh?'


transatlantic

Many travellers via Fishguard regret the closing by British Transport Hotels & Catering Services of the Fishguard Bay Hotel, built by the G.W.R. early in the century for the expected transatlantic traffic.

1961 August，“New traffic flows in South Wales”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 492:


nerf

源自玩具品牌 Nerf 。

nerfs (third-person singular present)
nerfing (present participle)
nerfed (past participle)

gimp

對角色、武器、技能等的削弱

Tesla nerfs Autopilot in Europe due to new regulations

2019年May17日，Fred Lambert，Electrek, retrieved 2019-05-19:


credit card

Finance is seldom romantic. But the idea of peer-to-peer lending comes close. This is an industry that brings together individual savers and lenders on online platforms.[…]Banks and credit-card firms are kept out of the picture. Talk to enough people in the field and someone is bound to mention the “democratisation of finance”.

2013年June1日，“End of the peer show”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8838，頁 71:


panada

源自西班牙語 panada、意大利語 panata。

平淡而有營養的東西 （18–19世紀）

He paid his Debts, call'd in some single Acquaintance, told him he was dying & drove away that Panada Conversation which Friends think proper to administer at Sick Bed-Sides, with becoming Steadiness.

[They] swallow, without flinching, all the theological panada with which she may think fit to cram them.

1822，Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine, section 12.12:


onigiri

The sprawling multipage menu offers cleanly executed dishes meant to accompany the sake, including standards like boiled edamame, and the filling rice balls called onigiri that you would expect at any izakaya, or Japanese pub.

2007年January28日，“Island Within an Island”, in New York Times:


Kelantan

吉蘭丹州，馬來西亞西部州份

Anne Talbot looked demurely ravishing, as was her intention, in a very low-cut evening frock of bottle-green, choker of Kelantan silver, earrings in the shape of krises.

1958，Anthony Burgess，The Enemy in the Blanket (The Malayan Trilogy)，出版於 1972，頁 292:


chinky

I've had a Chinky, a Chic Murray and, afore ye came tae collect me, I had some fuckin' fancy Italian pasta dish. It was pure dead brilliant, by the way!

2013，Harry Morris，Yer Never Gonnae Believe It:


not yet

[Rural solar plant] schemes are of little help to industry or other heavy users of electricity. Nor is solar power yet as cheap as the grid. For all that, the rapid arrival of electric light to Indian villages is long overdue. When the national grid suffers its next huge outage, as it did in July 2012 when hundreds of millions were left in the dark, look for specks of light in the villages.

（农村太阳能发电厂）计划对工业或其他重度电力用户几乎没有帮助。太阳能也不像电网那样便宜。尽管如此，电灯应该迅速在印度村庄普及。当国家电网遭受下一次大停电时，就像2012年7月数亿人陷入黑暗時，可以在村庄里寻找到一丝光。

2013年July20日，“Out of the gloom”, in 經濟學人，卷 408, 期 8845:


mouche

They lent him a worn aspect which not even a fiercely erect little mustache and a tiny mouche beneath the lower lip could counteract.

The hair and beard are represented by a plastic mass : the mouche under the lower lip radiates outward and the moustache consists of two separate strands ending in spirals.

1921，Elizabeth Douglas Van Buren，Figurative terra-cotta revetments in etruria and Latium: in the VI. and V. centuries B.C.，頁 9:

In the colonial period, the taste for red lips and cheeks came and went, as did fashions for mouches and wigs.

2006, Linda M. Scott, Fresh Lipstick: Redressing Fashion and Feminism, Macmillan (ISBN 9781403971340), page 203:


buying

[…] Reckonings of all and every his Dealings, Doings, Buyings and Sellings and Employments, touching and concerning the Premises […]

1707, A General Discourse of Commerce (page 126)

"He's hanging back to make an excuse of going to town for the spring buying, and it won't do."

1930，Norman Lindsay，Redheap，Sydney: Ure Smith, 出版於 1965，頁 37:


teek

源自葡萄牙語 teca，源自馬拉雅拉姆語 തേക്കു് (tēkkŭŭ)或泰米爾語 தேக்கு (tēkku)。

The Teek forests, from whence the marine yard at Bombay are furnished with that excellent species of ship timber, lie along the western side of the Gaut Mountains, and other contiguous ridges of hills, on the north and north-east of Basseen; the numerous rivulets that descend from thence affording water-carriage for the timber. I cannot close this account, without remarking the unpardonable negligence we are guilty of, in delaying to build Teek ships of war for the use of the Indians seas.

1794–95，Proceedings Relative to Ships Tendered for the Service of the United East-India Company, from the Twenty-sixth of March, 1794, to the Sixth of January, 1795:, Extract from Major Rennel's Memoir，頁 885:


teek

She stood there dumbfounded as the door swung open and banged against the inside wall, narrowly missing her.¶ I did that, she thought. I'm a... teek?

2011，Nate Kenyon，StarCraft Ghost: Spectres, →ISBN，頁 140:


teek

teeks (third-person singular present)
teeking (present participle)
teeked (past participle)

Tears of pain came to his eyes—and he didn’t know which hurt more, the pain of the soup on his arm or the real shock he had received when he had forced himself to keep from teeking the falling soup halfway across the room.

1957年April13日，Robert Silverberg，“Hidden Talent”, in Worlds of If，頁 27:


noms

Forget overpriced noms

2008，Kaiser Kuo，The Insider's Guide to Beijing 2005-2006:

With these culinary heavy hitters, you can be sure the winning dishes will truly represent the highest quality of airport noms!

2019年November8日，“Enjoy These Delicious Cooking Classes Led By Top Chefs & More At KULinary 2019”, in SAYS:


afront

These four came all afront, and mainly thrust / at me. I made me no more ado, but took all their seven / points in my target, thus!

a. 1597，莎士比亞 威廉，亨利四世 (第一部), 第2場，第4幕，行s 195–197:


mosquito net

Child-trouble widened her brown eyes as she turned them on the shrouded figure stiffly outlined by the sheet, now partly screened by the mosquito-net.

1907，Barbara Baynton，Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton)，St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 出版於 1980，頁 127:

In the room the mosquito net was down, ghost-grey in the falling light.

房間裡蚊帳已經放下，在燈的照射下顯出如同幽靈一般的灰色。

1959，Anthony Burgess，Beds in the East (The Malayan Trilogy)，出版於 1972，頁 505:


Ursprache

/ˈʊəspɹɑːkə/

/ˈuːɹʃpɹaːxə/

I had lost him. He might have been speaking Ursprache, for all that I understood.


hu

human 的截斷形式。，最早於2003年由埃默里大學的米哈伊爾·愛潑斯坦教授使用。

Hu is fond of enigmas, of conundrums, of hieroglyphics; exhibiting in hus solutions of each and all a degree of acumen which appears to the ordinary apprehension preternatural.

2002年January3日，Bryan T. McMahon，引 Sasha Newborn, “A terrible book”, in The Ponchatoula Times，頁 7:

When the lecturer arrives, hu will be speaking on the topic of anonymity.

2003年October14日，Mikhail Epstein，“"Hu," from "human," as a gender-neutral pronoun”, in (Usenet), message-ID <f732cdb7.0310141153.6c715df8@posting.google.com>:

It's the vice-president's job to support the president and take hus place when hu is away.

2007年November29日，Mikhail Epstein，“hu”, in International Society for Universal Dialog:

Maybe, but if his/herstory's any guide, hu has hu work cut out for hu.

2008 March，Christoph Hitz，“Hu, Me?”, in Mother Jones, →ISSN:

One of his favorite metaphors for the historian, drawn from the "Preface" to Hegel's Philosophy of Right, likens hu to the owl of Minerva, whose flight at dusk provided the setting for mature reflection on the day that had passed.

2006，Perry Anderson with Burgess, Glenn, The Political Imagination in History: Essays Concerning J.G.A. Pocock，Owlworks, →ISBN，頁 175:

Now, however, the editorial writer has a new weapon in hu arsenal.

2006年October1日，“He said, she said, hu said”, in Los Angeles Times:

If hu doesn't do hu homework, I will fail hu.

2006年November17日，Rob Kyff，“Hu Joins Heesh As Neutral Pronoun”, in Hartford Courant:


aa

源自夏威夷語 ʻaʻā。

渣塊熔岩。對比pahoehoe. （自19世紀）

We...saw ‘pahoihoi’ or solid lava forming, and also ‘aa’ or clinkers.

1859, R. C. Haskell, American journal of science and arts, series XXVIII

Cooling and solidification frequently takes a different course [...] in lava flows, producing the clinker-like ‘aa’ lava.

1944，Charles A. Cotton，Volcanoes as landscape forms:

Both pahoehoe and aa lava flows are common on the upper slopes of Mauna Loa with a preponderance of aa flows found at the lower elevations.
結殼熔岩和渣塊熔岩在冒納羅亞火山的高處都常見，而渣塊熔岩，在較低的海拔處更多。

1981, Hilo Lava Flood Control: Environmental Impact Statement, page 194:


nuclear weapon

Even if they managed to strike Japan, the United States or South Korea with nuclear weapons — a big if, given that they do not have a reliable delivery system — they could not save themselves from ultimate defeat.

即使他們設法用核武器襲擊日本、美國或韓國——考慮到他們沒有可靠的運載系統，這是一個很大的假設——他們也無法避免最終的失敗。

2013年April9日，Andrei Lankov，“Stay Cool. Call North Korea’s Bluff.”, in New York Times:


eek

ecaf (“臉”) 的截斷形式。，源自face的倒序。

How bona to vada your eek!

Though she's a bimbo bit of hard, / she’s royal and tart. And girl, you know / vadaing her eek is always bona.

2015年October12日，Adam Lowe，“Poem of the week: Vada That”, in The Guardian:


mabele

Locusts do not touch mabele, and therefore there is no excuse for not putting in more.

1901年April26日，“District Reports”, in The Agricultural Journal and Mining Record，卷 4, 期 4，頁 102:


manti

源自土耳其語 mantı或鄂圖曼土耳其語 مانطی。

一種土耳其和中亞式的肉餡餃子

Crowding the table were miniature, hand-formed lamb dumplings called manti; flaky pastries, called boreks, filled with wild greens; and an elaborate paste of chicken, wheat and pistachios called keskek.

2007年December5日，Melissa Clark，“When It Looks at You, It’s Done”, in New York Times:


acrobatically

more acrobatically (comparative)
most acrobatically (superlative)

Stephane Sessegnon levelled before half-time, acrobatically volleying in Zenden's corner from four yards.

2011年May14日，Peter Scrivener，“Sunderland 1 - 3 Wolverhampton”, in BBC Sport:


olema

the land of Egypt was ruled by a Sultan endowed with justice and generosity, one who loved the pious poor and companied with the Olema and learned men

1885，Sir Richard Burton，The Book of the Thousand Nights and a Night, Night 20:


omi

可能借自意大利語 uomo。

Divine. Sitting, sipping a tiny drinkette, vadaïng the great butch omis and dolly little palones trolling by, or disporting yourself on the sable plage getting your lallies all bronzed - your riah getting bleached by the soleil.

1967，Kenneth Horne，Bona Bijou Tourettes (Round the Horne)，季数 3, 集数 12:

Well, she schlumphed her Vera down the screech at a rate of knots, zhooshed up the riah, checked the slap in the mirror behind the bar, straightened up one ogle fake riah that had come adrift, and bold as brass orderlied over as fast as she could manage in those bats and, in her best lips, asked, if she could parker the omi a bevvy.

1997，James Gardiner，Who's a Pretty Boy Then?，頁 123:


Afro-American

I inadvertently gave the afro-american delivery boi a $5 tip probably due to the fact that I had pickled a few brain cells.

2004年August5日，"Zonee"，“Ungratefull fucking pizza boi....”, in alt.pizza.delivery.drivers (Usenet), retrieved 2008-03-09:


Jaffa

借自阿拉伯語 يَافَا (yāfā)，借自聖經希伯來語 יָפוֹ (yāfō)。

They were together, at the flicks on Saturday night, eating Jaffas and smiling at each other occasionally in the dark.


Lhasa

源自藏語 ལྷ་ས (lha sa)。

拉薩，中國西藏自治區首府 :Template:分類

The earliest historical relic of the Tibetans—like that of many, perhaps of most, other races—is a weather-beaten stone, the Do-ring. It stands in the center of Lhasa, across the courtyard in front of the western doors of the Cathedral or Jokang, beneath the famous willow-tree.

1905，Perceval Landon，The Opening of Tibet: An Account of Lhasa and the Country and People of Central Tibet and of the Progress of the Mission Sent There by the English Government in the Year 1903-4，New York: Doubleday, Page & Co.，頁 3:


Marx

卡爾·馬克思

In his experience, Christ had led him to Marx, and the Gospels, with their message of social justice, had led him to communism.

2020年March5日，“Ernesto Cardenal died on March 1st”, in The Economist:

He discovered that far from focusing on the writings of Marx and Engels for their reading, the Bolsheviks and their children preferred expressly anti-revolutionary works by western authors such as Dickens, Defoe, Shakespeare, Hugo, Balzac, Flaubert, Goethe, Kipling and Wilde.

2017年October25日，Alison Flood，“Russian revolutionaries' children ‘read classic fiction, not Marx’”, in The Guardian:


Styx

源自古希臘語 Στύξ (Stúx)。

Acheron、 Cocytus、 Eridanus、 Lethe 、 Phlegethon

A bold bad man, that dar'd to call by name / Great Gorgon, prince of darknes and dead night, / At which Cocytus quakes and Styx is put to flight.

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book I”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC，頁 13:

For two-and-twenty years he [Doctor Guillotin], unguillotined, shall hear nothing but guillotine, see nothing but guillotine; then dying, shall through long centuries wander, as it were, a disconsolate ghost, on the wrong side of Styx and Lethe; his name like to outlive Cæsar’s.

1837，Thomas Carlyle，章號 IV, in The French Revolution: A History […]，卷 I (The Bastille), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, book IV (States-General):


amygdala

源自其形狀，源自拉丁語 amygdala (“扁桃”) ← 古希臘語 ἀμυγδάλη (amugdálē，“扁桃”)。mandorla 的同源對似詞。

Cognitive scientists distinguish between normal risk-assessment decisions, which activate the reward-prediction regions of the brain, and decisions made amid extreme uncertainty, which generate activity in the amygdala.

2009年February12日，David Brooks，“The Worst-Case Scenario”, in New York Times:


demonstrant

Anybody who does anything in the way of business, if he can but write his name, is a “merchant;” and especially when an address is getting up by agitators of elastic conscience, content to procure an array of demonstrants numerous, if not select.

1853，Henry Keppel，“Reply to Mr. Hume continued—His Captains—His “Gentleman”—His “Merchants”—His Prompters—Himself”, in A Visit to the Indian Archipelago, in H. M. Ship Mæander. With Portions of the Private Journal of Sir James Brooke, K.C.B.，卷 I, London: Richard Bentley, […]，頁 232:

A report from London announced that the Italian Embassy had given out the statement that in many towns the shops were closed while crowds of demonstrants paraded shouting, “Long live America! Down with Wilson!”

来自伦敦的报道称，意大利大使馆发表声明称，许多城镇的商店都关门了，大批示威者游行高呼“美国万岁！打倒威尔逊！”

1920，John Bach McMaster，“The Treaty of Peace”, in The United States in the World War (1918–1920)，New York, N.Y., London: D. Appleton and Company，頁 341:

One demonstrant, with his face twisted in anger, was shouting the Japanese equivalent of “lemme at ’em.”

一名示威者面容扭曲，用日语怒吼着“让我来对付他们”。

1948，Mark Gayn，Japan Diary，New York, N.Y.: William Sloane Associates, Inc.，頁 166:


lianqiaoxinoside

Moreover, lianqiaoxinoside B and forsythoside H showed nearly the same antioxidant activities.

此外，連翹苷B和連翹脂苷H顯示出幾乎相同的抗氧化活性。

2015年July2日，Yi-ping Guo, Li-gen Lin, Yi-tao Wang，“Chemistry and pharmacology of the herb pair Flos Lonicerae japonicae-Forsythiae fructus”, in Chinese Medicine，卷 10, →DOI:


forsythoside

此外，連翹苷B和連翹脂苷H顯示出幾乎相同的抗氧化活性。


smegma

來自拉丁語，借自古希臘語 σμῆγμα (smêgma)，σμῆμα (smêma，“肥皂，清潔劑”)的替代寫法，來自σμάω (smáō，“擦拭，清潔”)。

I saw Mrs St Cloud wander happily through the flower-filled streets, her belly smeared with smegma, breasts bruised by the hands of boys.

1979，J.G. Ballard，The Unlimited Dream Company, chapter 30:


fee-fees

Well, 'sorry to have bruised your fee fees with an intelligent, opposing viewpoint […]

1998年December15日，Mikey，“Re: New Troll (was Re: Big Steve's Weekly Voyager Review (will not say Waterworld...will not say Waterworld...)”, in alt.fan.jeri-ryan (Usenet):

“Oh yes, we mustn't let sweet Sarah get her fee-fees hurt. God knows how fragile she is. […]

2006, Lauren Dane, Tri Mates, Ellora's Cave (2006), ISBN 1419907034, page 56:

I can see why you want me to stop making your fee fees hurt.

2010年August21日，Aratzio，“Re: Meat Plow Caloed Out as a Pussy was: Violent Crime In Maricopa County up 58% Under Sheriff Joe Arpiao (Cross posts removed)”, in 24hoursupport.helpdesk (Usenet):


The people of the late 19th century approached the 20th with the same awe with which we see the 2000s.

1980，Peter Luck，This Fabulous Century，頁 7:

The converted code will be able to handle dates that span centuries (1800s, 1900s, and 2000s at least).

1996，Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Software Engineering，頁 476:

In the first decade of the 2000s, there was a significant increase in traffic as a result of a Europe - wide liberalization of air transport activities, cheap tickets offered by low - cost airlines and the related price competition.

2011，Központi Statisztikai Hivatal, Gyula Holka, Mónika Freid，Statistics of Centuries: Statistical Curios in Hungarian History，頁 153:

The 1900s and 2000s are centuries that highlight without question the ability of the federal government to advocate elite-class dominance over the laborers equivalent to those of the great empires in world history.

2012，C.U.Liberties，“History”, in America Gone，Xlibris, →ISBN, “Centuries of Hardships, Wars, and Political Slavery”，頁 55:

TABLE 1.2.1d Homicide Rates in Asian and Oceanic Countries. / Rates per 100,000 | Centuries / 1900s | 2000s

2019，Lee Ellis，David P. Farrington，Anthony W. Hoskin，“Homicide Rates”, in Handbook of Crime Correlates，第second版, Academic Press, →ISBN，頁 8:

What Roman numeral might you find in the cornerstone of a building built in the year 2000? MM – the mark of the new millennium, a move from the 1000s to the 2000s.

1999，Larry Dane Brimner，The Official M&M’s Book of the Millennium，Charlesbridge, →ISBN:

The current four-phase American cycle started in the days immediately following World War II with the First Turning of the Millennial Cycle, so named because it would bridge America from one millennium (the 1000s) to the next (the 2000s).

2009，Tom Osenton，“Repeating Cycles in American History”, in Boomer Density: Leading the U.S. through the Worst Crisis Since the Great Depression，Westport, Conn., London: Praeger Publishers, →ISBN, “The Current American Cycle—the Millennial Cycle”，頁 32:

Only instead of cobwebs, my distraction was thoughts about the coming new millennium—the 2000s.[…]Supported by the reappearance of the decade-number 1, during that decade, the decade just finished, we saw the waning masculine-energy of the 1000s doing all it could to hang on to its power and dominance.

2020 November，Kashonia Carnegie，“From Me2We: The Unrecognized Key to the Rise in the Status of Women and why it’s Essential that Men Know About this Too”, in The Eden Magazine，頁s 19–20:


COVIDiot

A COVIDiot snarls if the lineup is too long at the cash; squeezes all the fruit on display (then puts most of it back); hops into his vehicle and speeds down the now-wide-open city streets with no thought of public safety.

2020年March29日，“EDITORIAL: Cooperation is way better than being a COVIDiot”, in Ottawa Sun:


Xueta

借自加泰羅尼亞語 xueta。

馬略卡島上的一個嚴格的同族社會群體，是馬略卡島猶太人的後裔，他們或皈依基督教，或被迫隱瞞自己的宗教。

I remember being insulted as a child, being called a Xueta fool by playmates, and once someone spit in my face. There has always existed a sense of community among Xuetas and from my grandparents I learned pride in being a Xueta[…]

1976，Kenneth Moore，Those of the street: the Catholic-Jews of Mallorca:

But maybe it is more relevant for my purpose, which is to show the creativity of alliances, to concentrate on the question of the ethnic boundary between Xuetes and Old Christians[…]

2009，Peter Wade，Race, Ethnicity and Nation: Perspectives from Kinship and Genetics，頁 131:


double-plus-good

由喬治·歐威爾在1949造出，使用於小說《一九八四》當中。

doubleplusgood (alternative)
double-plus good (alternative)
double plus good (alternative)
++good (alternative)

For someone like myself who loves the MINISTRY album Mind... this new album is double plus good!

1992，Norman Spiney，“Info about SKREW?”, in alt.music.alternative (Usenet):

I think our glorious government's rewriting of language is double plus good, brother.

1999年March12日，"BAM"，“Re:Use of the "J" word (RANT!)”, in alt.toys.gi-joe (Usenet):

We can only agree with Mermin's anonymous physicist, but must add that they are double-plus-good rocks, full of promise.

1999，Alan A. Grometstein，“Bells Thunderbolt 1964”, in The Roots of Things: Topics in Quantum Mechanics, →ISBN，頁 511:

Nudging the nearly-closed bedroom door secret-agent style, I saw on the bed the double-plus-good definition of inviting.


Szechuan

借自官話 四川 (Sìchuān)。

Sichuan (“四川”)的另一種寫法

THE plain of Chengtu is the only large expanse of level ground in the great province of Szechuan; it is also one of the richest, most fertile, and thickly populated areas in the whole of China.

1913，Ernest Henry Wilson，A Naturalist In Western China, With Vasculum, Camera, And Gun: Being Some Account of Eleven Years' Travel, Exploration, and Observation in the More Remote Parts of the Flowery Kingdom，卷 I, London: Methuen & Co. Ltd.，頁 104:

Despite this aerial assistance, the Chinese were again forced to withdraw westward, this time to Chongqing in the mountains of Szechuan.

2012，The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Warfare，Dorling Kindersley, →ISBN，頁 283:


Szechwan

Szechuan (“四川”)的另一種寫法

We shall then have two great streams of traffic at this point intersecting one another, the waterway of the Yangtse bringing produce and people down from Szechwan and the west to the coast, and taking back the imports and produce of the coast provinces, as well as numberless travellers to the far interior; while the great trunk railway from Canton to Peking will convey an enormous traffic between these cities and all intermediate places.

1907，Mark Tennien，The Chinese Empire: A General & Missionary Survey，London: Morgan & Scott，頁 118:


Cantonese opera

My research on Chinese immigrant theater (in the form of Cantonese opera) in nineteenth-century America brought me to San Francisco. From the first documented performance to today's occasional productions, Cantonese opera in the Bay Area has had a continuous history of over a century and a half.

2007，Janelle G. Reinelt & Joseph R. Roach，Critical Theory and Performance, →ISBN，頁 156:


naira

‘Five naira for one small cup. The big one is ten naira.

“五奈拉一小杯，十奈拉一大杯。”

2019，Chigozie Obioma，An Orchestra of Minorities，Abacus (2019)，頁 37:


retirer

And the pension should be re-cast by providing more to the over-80s - those who retired in the Sixties and Seventies who are much worse off than later retirers

1993年February8日，Nicholas Timmins，“Tory MP puts case for later retirement”, in The Independent:

And so Favre, serial retirer, unretired for the second time in less than two years Tuesday, joining the Vikings for a contract that ESPN reported was worth $12 million this season and $13 million in 2010 — if he does not retire again.

2009年August19日，Judy Battista，“In Another U-Turn, Favre Un-Retires”, in New York Times:


Beninese

“They wanted to know what part of Africa my parents hailed from,” Caesar said. “How was I to know? He said I had the nose of a Beninese.”

“他們想知道我的父母是出生於非洲哪裡的，”凱撒說道。“我怎麼知道？他說我長著一隻貝寧人的鼻子。”

2016，Colson Whitehead，The Underground Railroad，Fleet (2017)，頁s 147-148:


tantrum

源自tanterum，源頭不明，可能源自泰米爾語 தந்திரம் (tantiram)。

Many parents become embarrassed by their children throwing tantrums in public places.

很多家長都為自己的孩子在公共場合發脾氣而感到尷尬。

Baby Shawn threw a tantrum when he was told the bicycle was not his.

當別人告訴小肖恩，那自行車不是他的時候，他大發脾氣。

When he became frustrated, he threw a tantrum, and his mother would attempt to comfort him.

他一沮喪，就發脾氣，他母親就會嘗試安撫他。

2003，Saralea E. Chazan，Simultaneous Treatment of Parent and Child，頁 185:


domaine

Put [...] a gun to my head to name the domaine, I would blurt out la Romanée-Conti, for the spicy cassis and black cherry alone.


vax

vaxxes (third-person singular present)
vaxxing (present participle)
vaxxed (past participle)

In late April, Hazelton organized a protest in Trenton demanding to “open New Jersey now,” saying into a bullhorn: “We have the right not to be tested, not to be tracked, not to be vaxxed.”

4月下旬，黑兹尔顿在托伦顿組織了一次抗議活動，要求“立即開放新澤西”，用擴音器說：“我們有權不被檢測、不被追踪、不被接種。”

2021年January19日，Ellie Rushing, Anna Orso，“South Jersey mom and anti-vax activist directed part of the mob in breaching the Capitol”, in The Philadelphia Inquirer:


anti-vax

And, indeed, fashion is already doing its part in the form of pro-vaxx and anti-vaxx T-shirts. Many of the anti-vaxx versions come pre-loaded with Libertarian subtext.

2015年January21日，Kimberly Chrisman-Campbell，“How Fashion Helped Defeat 18th-Century Anti-Vaxxers”, in The Atlantic:

Online anti-vax communities, most of which are on Facebook, have taken on a very different tone.

2020年June18日，Kiera Butler，“The Anti-Vax Movement’s Radical Shift From Crunchy Granola Purists to Far-Right Crusaders”, in Mother Jones:

Donald Trump’s habit of projecting his own failings onto his adversaries reached a new level of absurdity on Labor Day, when he attacked the Democratic ticket of Joe Biden and Kamala Harris for “reckless anti-vaccine rhetoric” and accused them of a position that “undermines science.”

2020年September8日，Michael Hiltzik，“Column: Trump attacks Biden and Harris as anti-vaccine, but he’s the one with the anti-vaxx record”, in Los Angeles Times:

The anti-vaxx movement punches down and punches hard. Its leaders tend to be men and women from wealthy backgrounds.

2021年January30日，Nick Cohen，“Anti-vaxxers posing as victims has a history. Look at Andrew Wakefield”, in The Guardian:


anti-vaccinationist

In the past, physicians and vaccine producers were remarkably flexible and politically astute when making claims about vaccine safety or responding to anti-vaccinationists. To defeat anti-vaxxers’ campaign of misinformation, the same thing must happen today.

过去，医生和疫苗生产商在宣称疫苗安全或回应反疫苗接种者时，都非常灵活，政治上也很敏锐。为了打败反疫苗接種者的错误信息宣传，今天也必须这样做。

2019年December10日，Tess Lanzarotta，“How to beat anti-vaxxers at their own game”, in The Washington Post:


unvaxxed

In Rockland County, just north of New York, where 155 cases have been confirmed as of Wednesday, County Executive Ed Day declared a state of emergency this week, banning any unvaccinated person under 18 from appearing in a public place.

紐約北部的羅克蘭截至週三已確診155例病例，行政長官埃德·戴本週宣布進入緊急狀態，禁止任何未接種疫苗的18歲以下人士出現在公共場所。

2019年March28日，Doug Stanglin，“'Extraordinary': 5 states fight measles outbreak as N.Y. county bans unvaxxed minors in public”, in USA Today:


vaxxie

社群網路上發佈的疫苗接種照片（尤指自拍）

Perhaps you’ve seen your first “vaxxies” — naturally, photos that people take of themselves getting a coronavirus vaccine and then post on social media. The country has already distributed over one million doses to health care workers, but who’s next?

2020年December27日，Charlotte Cowles，“The Week in Business: The Bitter End”, in The New York Times:

Posting a ‘vaxxie’ (rarely a true a selfie, for logistical reasons) is becoming the unexpected social media trend of 2021, and led by a just as unexpected band of influencers. […] Inevitably, there will be some who deem vaxxies to be as smug, performative and fatuous as all other social media crazes.

2021年January19日，Guy Kelly，“The rise of the vaxxie – and why the Greek PM’s Herculean effort is more important than you might think”, in The Daily Telegraph:


poz

Her test results were poz.

她的檢測結果是HIV陽性。

At a contentious public meeting to discuss barebacking in New York in 1999, an interesting statement came from a man who described himself as the manager of the nation's largest moderated bareback computer list. He stated almost in passing that the the list was “about 98 percent poz guys.”

2002，David Nimmons，The Soul Beneath the Skin，New York: St. Martin's Press, →ISBN，頁 74:

I recall when we exchanged our HIV statuses at one point; not tonight. He's poz.

2010，Rick Reed，Tales from the Sexual Underground，頁 61:


poz

pozzes (third-person singular present)
pozzing (present participle)
pozzed (past participle)

However it’s hard to tell the truth from fantasy in the chats, which don’t include Boone talking of killing anyone, defence lawyer Ian Carter put to Lapointe. “During these hundreds of pages as part of that sexual fantasy of chasing, stealthing, pozzing or whatever you want to call it, he never indicates he wants to kill anyone?” Ian Carter asked her. “That’s correct,” said Lapointe, noting Boone does talk about giving people HIV and people dying of the disease.

2012年October15日，Megan Gillis，“'Poz' lover lied to fulfill fantasy”, in Ottawa Sun:

Boone discussed his criminal exploits and said he became sexually aroused by “stealth pozzing,” or infecting unsuspecting partners.

2016年March9日，Gary Dimmock，“'Poz vampire' gets 9 years for attempted murder”, in Ottawa Sun:

He talked about his ex possibly giving him an STD. The medicines in the cabinet. And the incubation period seemed to fit the timeline. My heart stopped for a second. What if he pozzed me? It was a horrifying thought, and it consumed me

2018，Scott Farrell，Scott Farrell's Biography, or, Triumph, Tears, and Tales of the Stage，頁 256:

What on earth happened to the gallant tradition of “pozzing”: making positive remarks? What’s wrong with single guys going up to women in clubs to shout above the loud music, “Your delicate beauty has captured my heart” before presenting them with a single rose? But no.

2015年January21日，Peter Bradshaw，“A brief history of pozzing and negging”, in The Guardian:


Kingshan

借自官話 京山 (Jīngshān)。

In Central Hupeh, the Japanese launched another offensive from the Kingshan region, but instead of moving southwestward to cooperate with another column of theirs to capture Shasi, this column swerved to the northwest and succeeded in capturing Chunghsiang on the Han River.

1939 January，Lin Yu，“The "China Incident"”, in Philippine Magazine，卷 XXXVI, 期 1，頁 121:


steam locomotive

Inevitably the present extent and variety of the Belgian railways will diminish, and within the space of the ten-year plan we can expect to see a modern system concentrated on the main traffic routes like its neighbour in the Netherlands, and with its last steam locomotives and wooden coaches honourably retired to the museum.

1960 February，J. N. Faulkner，“The Belgian Railways today”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 86:


précis

借自法語 précis。precise 的同源對似詞。

précises (third-person singular present)
précising (present participle)
précised (past participle)

If the inital ^([sic]) passage consists of a series of paragraphs, each with a one-sentence summary, the individual's success in managing to précis the essential content of the message can then be assessed

1983，Philip Priestley, James McGuire，Learning to Help: Basic Skills Excercises, →ISBN, Counseling，頁 71:

Nevertheless, to be required to précis say 5000 words on a single sheet of A4 has the advantage of simplicity, even if it isn’t easy.

1996，Richard Palmer，“Creative Doodling: Note-taking for fun and profit”, in Brain train: studying for success，第2nd版, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN，頁 124:

Télémaque would not only be read widely in schools throughout the century, it would also be cited approvingly in the Encyclopédie, cherished by Jean-Jacques Rousseau, précised by Louis XVI, and its author saluted by Robespierre as ‘tutor to the human race’.

2002，Colin Jones，The Great Nation，Penguin, 出版於 2003，頁 28:

We think it is vital to learn how to précis, and to improve this skill with regular practice.

2005，Mike Cardwell, Cara Flanagan，Psychology AS: The Complete Companion，Nelson Thornes, →ISBN, Module 2: Developmental psychology: Attachments in development，頁 73:

She also asks if she can leave out the questions asking her to write a business letter and to précis because she feels that these questions would substantially disadvantage her because of her dyslexia. The education provider would not have to make this adjustment because these questions are there to determine her competence at writing and précising, so are part of the competence standard being tested.

2007，Disability Rights Commission，Code of practice post-16: code of practice (revised) for providers of post-16 education and related services，第Large print version版, The Stationery Office, →ISBN，頁 101:


wild boar

The San Juan market is Mexico City's most famous deli of exotic meats, where an adventurous shopper can hunt down hard-to-find critters such as ostrich, wild boar and crocodile.

2013年July26日，Nick Miroff，“Mexico gets a taste for eating insects […] ”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 7，頁 32:


magnifying glass

The ability of a segment of a glass sphere to magnify whatever is placed before it was known around the year 1000, when the spherical segment was called a reading stone, essentially what today we might term a frameless magnifying glass or plain glass paperweight.

2013 9-10月刊，Henry Petroski，“The Evolution of Eyeglasses”, in American Scientist:


qanun

源自土耳其語 kanun，源自阿拉伯語 قَانُون (qānūn)，源自古希臘語 κανών (kanṓn)。canon 的同源對似詞。

卡農琴，一種近東和高加索的弦樂器

WISPS of mournful tunes from a cane flute mingled with the plucking, jangling arabesques of the zitherlike qanun, the oud and gentle drums.

2009年June21日，Daniel J. Wakin，“Ensemble Ambitions in a World Divided”, in New York Times:


Hawaiʻi

「ʻ」在夏威夷語和夏威夷英語中代表聲門塞音。

Hawaii的另一種拼寫法

If confine your Hawaiʻi vacation to resort areas such as Waikiki, Kaʻanapali, or Kona, you are unlikely to see a native honey-creeper. But birds are always around (even sometimes on your breakfast table!) and a little attention to them will broaden your tropical horizons. In this section we will take you on a bird tour of the Hawaiʻi seen by most visitors, and the only Hawaiʻi known to a surprisingly large number of residents, most of whom, after all, dwell in cities and towns.

1996，H. Douglas Pratt，A Pocket Guide to Hawaiʻi's Birds，Taiwan: Mutual Publishing, →ISBN Invalid ISBN，頁 15:


gule

throats so wide and gules so gluttonous

1659，John Gauden，The Tears, Sighs, Complaints, and Prayers of the Church of England:


monocellular

In Spore the player guides a species from primordial monocellular ooze through the various stages of evolution: onto land, into tribes, civilizations and finally interstellar colonization.

2009年July2日，Seth Schiesel，“Role Playing at Warp Speed in a Galaxy Darwin Never Imagined”, in New York Times:


poison gas

[...] approximately 23,000 members of the L.M.S.R. staff were trained in methods approved by the Home Office for dealing with the consequences of an air raid, including the effects of poison gas and incendiary bombs.

1939 November，Charles E. Lee，“Railways and the War — I”, in Railway Magazine，頁 315:


raad

借自阿拉伯語 رَعْد (raʕd，“閃電”)。

"It might reasonably be expected," says Sir J. Gardner Wilkinson, "that the raad, or electric fish of the Nile, would be one of the most sacred, and forbidden for food; and it seems not to be represented among those caught in the ancient fishing scenes." He adds regarding the raad:—"It is a small fish, and the one I saw measured little more than a foot long by four inches in depth, but it had the power of giving a very strong shock. It is the Melapterurus electricus, and may have been the ancient Latus."

1858，George Wilson，“On the electric fishes as the earliest electric machines employed by mankind”, in The Canadian Journal of Industry, Science and Art，卷 3:


pizza nigger

I've seen the Godfather 27 times and every time some wasp gets wacked by one of those pizza niggers.

2001, "Rush Limbush", Re: Note To PI Comic (on newsgroup alt.comedy.standup):

He brought the two mugs to the table. “Carmine says to lay off your two pizza niggers.”

他把兩個杯子擺在桌上。“Carmine 說要辭掉你們兩個意大利佬。”

2007，Vahan Gregory，Where the Sun Don't Shine，頁 42:


Indian

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 indien, 中古法語 indien，等同於Ind + -ian。用於美洲原住民是早期探險家將其與印度人混淆。

印第安人，美洲原住民（一般不包括阿拉斯加原住民） （自16世紀）

We stigmatize the Indians, also, as cowardly and treacherous, because they use stratagem in warfare in preference to open force; but in this they are fully justified by their rude code of honor.

1819-1820，Washington Irving，The Sketchbook of Geoffrey Crayon:

With savage desperation the Indian lunged his horse straight at Hopalong and, knife in hand, leaped for him!

2004, Louis L'Amour, Rustlers of West Fork


advertise

源自盎格魯-諾曼語 avertir (“告知”)、advertir、中古法語 advertir、avertir (“警告，通報”)，詞尾為-ise、-ize，可能受名詞advertisement的影響。對比advert。

advertises (third-person singular present)
advertising (present participle)
advertised (past participle)

Socrates being advertiſed, that the God of wiſdome, had attributed the name of wiſe vnto him, was thereat much aſtoniſhed, and diligently ſearching and rouzing vp himſelf, and ranſaking the very ſecrets of his heart, found no foundation or ground for his divine ſentence.

1603，Michel de Montaigne，“An Apologie of Raymond Sebond”, in John Florio（譯者）, The Essayes […]，book II, London: […] Val[entine] Simmes for Edward Blount […], →OCLC，頁 288:

[…] I am daily advertiſed by ſeveral friends and correſpondents from Oxford, that I have omitted many particulars, which it is proper to animadvert upon, in order to compleat the Secret Hiſtory of that place; and I have therefore, in compliance with their requeſt, reſolved to reſume this work, and continue to publiſh ſome part of it every Act-Term, till the whole is finiſhed, and the ſubject fully exhauſted: […]

1726，Terræ Filius [pseudonym; Nicholas Amherst]，“[The Dedication]”, in Terræ-Filius: Or, the Secret History of the University of Oxford; in Several Essays. To which are Added, Remarks upon a Late Book, Entitled, University Education, by R. Newton, D.D. Principal of Hart-Hall. In Two Volumes，第2nd版, 卷 I, London: Printed for R. Francklin, under Tom's Coffee-House, in Russel-Street, Covent-Garden, →OCLC，頁 xi:


advert

This was a wonderful advert for the Premier League, with both Chelsea and United intent on all-out attack - but Ferguson will be concerned at how his side lost their way after imperiously controlling much of the first period.

2011年March1日，Phil McNulty，“Chelsea 2 - 1 Man Utd”, in BBC:

When I was writing my 'Tube Talk' column, a man sent me a letter complaining about the advertisement of cars on the Underground. Why would the Underground masochistically promote a rival transport mode? The answer, I discovered, was that the adverts on the network must not 'harm the brand', and a car advert per se was not deemed to do that. However, a car advert that said 'Why are you using this horrible Tube when you could be driving one of our lovely cars?' would not be allowed.

2012，Andrew Martin，Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube，Profile Books, ISBN 978-1846684777，頁 41:

In America alone, people spent $170 billion on “direct marketing”—junk mail of both the physical and electronic varieties—last year. Yet of those who received unsolicited adverts through the post, only 3% bought anything as a result.

2013年May25日，“No hiding place”, in The Economist，卷 407, 期 8837，頁 74:


advert

源自中古英語 adverten，源自古法語 advertir (“注意”)，源自拉丁語 advertere (“轉向”)。參見adverse。

adverts (third-person singular present)
adverting (present participle)
adverted (past participle)

引起注意 （自18世紀）

‘I have before suggested that a genuine blackguard is never without a pocket-handkerchief. But it is not to this fact that I now especially advert.’

1842, Edgar Allan Poe, ‘The Mystery of Marie Rogêt’:

As soon as Miss Fairlie had left the room he spared us all embarrassment on the subject of the anonymous letter, by adverting to it of his own accord.

In this context, it is worth remark that Sir Brian should have paid particular attention to the importance of a reserve of power in locomotives. He adverted to this in a discussion of punctuality, making first the highly debatable assertion that "a very high proportion" of steam locomotives today were being worked to the limit of their capacity, with little or no reserve in hand, [...].

1961 July，“Editorial: Sir Brian begs the questions”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 386:


advertiser

The dirty secret of the internet is that all this distraction and interruption is immensely profitable. Web companies like to boast about[…]and so on. But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention. Partly, this is a result of how online advertising has traditionally worked: advertisers pay for clicks, and a click is a click, however it's obtained.

2013年June21日，Oliver Burkeman，“The tao of tech”, in The Guardian Weekly，卷 189, 期 2，頁 48:


treat

源自中古英語 treten，源自盎格魯-諾曼語 treter、古法語 tretier、traiter，源自拉丁語 trāctare (“拉”)，源自trahere (“拖，拉”)的過去分詞詞幹。

treats (third-person singular present)
treating (present participle)
treated (past participle)

在北英格蘭的一些方言，過去式和過去分詞用 tret (/tɹɛt/)。

Cicero's writing treats mainly of old age and personal duty.

西塞羅的著作主要講述的是老年和個人責任。

And, indeed, should the excellent Mr Broughton be prevailed on to set fist to paper, and to complete the above-said rudiments, by delivering down the true principles of athletics, I question whether the world will have any cause to lament, that none of the great writers, either antient or modern, have ever treated about that noble and useful art.

1749，Henry Fielding，The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling:

They treated me for malaria.

We treated firefighters suffering from smoke inhalation, giving them oxygen to breathe and albuterol mist to help open their airways.

2018，Sandeep Jauhar，Heart: a History, →ISBN，頁 204:


allegation

/ˌæl.ɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

/ˌæl.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/

Philip Miles, defending, said: "This was a single instance, there was no allegation of continuing behaviour over a long period of time."

2011年December14日，Steven Morris，“Devon woman jailed for 168 days for killing kitten in microwave”, in Guardian:

A spokesman for Lothian and Borders Police said: "We can confirm that a 15-year-old boy has been arrested and charged in connection with the murder of Jodi Jones. A 45-year-old has also been arrested in connection with allegations of attempting to pervert the course of justice. A report on this has been sent to the procurator fiscal."

2004年April15日，“Morning swoop in hunt for Jodi's killer”, in The Scotsman:


advertising

/ˈædvɚˌtaɪzɪŋ/

/ˈædvəˌtaɪzɪŋ/

Advertisings do not by themselves cause a book to 'go'. The circulating libraries are far more useful than any advertising columns.

1899, Walter Besant, The Pen and the Book

[...] the women were presumably going shopping at the department stores growing up along Oxford Street, and the Central's nearness to these stores would make the advertising space in its stations the most expensive on the Underground.

2012，Andrew Martin，Underground Overground: A passenger's history of the Tube，Profile Books, →ISBN，頁 117:

But the real way to build a successful online business is to be better than your rivals at undermining people's control of their own attention. Partly, this is a result of how online advertising has traditionally worked: advertisers pay for clicks, and a click is a click, however it's obtained.


french fries

French-fried potatoes (1856) 的縮略，指的是法式的土豆烹飪方法。

薯條，炸土豆條 （自1903年）

French fries is a specialty of the house.

“What's the matter?” she asked quickly. “Haven't we had all the things before? Soup, chops, peas, French fries, and the fruit pudding–there wasn't a thing new.”

1903，Lillian Pettengill，Toilers of the Home，New York: Doubleday, Page & Company，頁 292:

His first official act was to order dinner. “A nice, juicy steak,” he is said to have called for, “French fries, apple pie and a cup of coffee.” It is probable that he really said “a coff of cuppee,” however, as he was a wag of the first water and loved a joke as well as the next king.

1922，Robert C. Benchley，章號 XXII, in Love Conquers All，Henry Holt & Company，頁 111:


coughing

The good signor's little address was received in a variety of ways: there were titterings and coughings, and there were also a few instances of noble and generous response to poor Leonard's action […]

1855，Anna Mary Howitt，A school of life，頁 63:

One saint's day in mid-term a certain newly appointed suffragan-bishop came to the school chapel, and there preached on “The Inner Life.” He at once secured attention by his informal method, and when presently the coughing of Jarvis […] interrupted the sermon, he altogether captivated his audience with a remark about cough lozenges being cheap and easily procurable.

1918，W. B. Maxwell，章號 3, in The Mirror and the Lamp:


aggravate

源自拉丁語 aggravatus，aggravare (“給……增重，使變差，使煩惱”)的過去分詞，源自ad (“到”) + gravare (“使變重”)，源自gravis (“重的”)。參見grave，對比aggrieve、aggrege。

aggravates (third-person singular present)
aggravating (present participle)
aggravated (past participle)

/ˈæɡ.ɹə.veɪ̯t/

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-aggravate.wav

使冒犯性增加 （自16世紀）

Once more, the more to aggrauate the note,
With a foule Traitors name ſtuffe I thy throte,
And wiſh (ſo pleaſe my Soueraigne) ere I moue,
What my tong ſpeaks, my right drawn ſword may proue

1595 December 9 (first known performance)，William Shakespeare，“The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio)，London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]，頁 23，列 2:

The defense made by the prisoner's counsel did rather aggravate than extenuate his crime.

使惡化，使變差 （自16世紀）

to aggravate my woes.

1726，Homer, [William Broome], transl.，“Book XVI”, in The Odyssey of Homer. […]，卷 IV, London: […] Bernard Lintot, →OCLC:

[…] to aggravate the horrors of the scene

1837, William H. Prescott, History of the Reign of Ferdinand and Isabella the Catholic


saba

一種用濃縮原漿製成的糖漿

Gar, a long, skinny fish, was cooked and served in thick grape syrup, like saba, the Italian grape must.

2007年January3日，Florence Fabricant，“In Rustic Greek Dishes, a Fresh Approach to Ancient Flavors”, in New York Times:


what the fuck

I finally said “eh, what the fuck” and quit my job.

我最後說“呃，他媽的，我完全不在意”然后辭掉了工作。

Every now and then say, "What the fuck." "What the fuck" gives you freedom. Freedom brings opportunity. Opportunity makes your future.

1983，Risky Business，spoken by Miles (Curtis Armstrong):


saffron

源自中古英語 saffron，源自古法語 safran，源自中世紀拉丁語 safrānum，源自阿拉伯語 زَعْفَرَان (zaʕfarān)。

kesar

番紅花，藏紅花（香料、染料）

番紅花，藏紅花（香料、染料）

I must have saffron to colour the warden pies […]
#*:: 我要不要买些番红花粉来把梨饼着上颜色 […]

大約1610 William Shakespeare, The Winter’s Tale, Act IV, Scene 3,

The Irish and Ireland people (who are frequently troubled with lice, and such as will fly, as they say, in summer) anoint their shirts with saffron, and to very good purpose, to drive away the lice, but after six months they wash their shirts again, putting fresh saffron into the lye.

1658, Thomas Muffet, The Theatre of Insects, [1634, Insectorum sive Minimorum Animalium Theatrum], quoted in 2008, Anna Suranyi, The Genius of the English Nation: Travel Writing and National Identity in Early Modern England, page 117-118,

Saffron is not included in American and British pharmacopoeias, but some Indian medical formulae still include it.

2002，James A. Duke (editor)，CRC Handbook of Medicinal Spices，頁 129:

Saffron is the stigma of the crocus flower, which is harvested by hand, dried, and sold either in strands or ground to powder.[…]Of all the medieval spices, saffron was the most expensive, which is not surprising given that 70,000 flowers only yield one pound of dried stigmas. In the European cookbooks of the late Middle Ages, nearly all of which which reflect refined upper-class dining, saffron is ubiquitous.

2004，Melitta Weiss Adamson，Food in Medieval Times，頁 15:

Saffron is often called the “golden spice.”

2011, Mathew Attokaran, Natural Food Flavors and Colorants, unnumbered page,

saffron：

[…] The stately Ram

1728, James Thomson, Spring, London: A. Millar & G. Strahan, p. 18,

[…] the girls locked up Echo Lodge again and went away in the perfect half hour that follows the rose and saffron of a winter sunset.

1915, Lucy Maud Montgomery, Anne of the Island, Chapter 7,

These colours might have been expressly designed—by dissonance as much as harmony—for juxtaposition against those pouring down in brilliant rays of light from the Tiepolo; subtle yet penetrating pinks and greys, light blue turning almost to lavender, rich saffrons and cinnamons melting into bronze and gold.

1973，Anthony Powell，Temporary Kings，頁 82:

The classical shades of Antiquity were the most prevalent, but along with the Venetian reds and Egyptian blues, the saffrons and ochres and indigos, were more delicate hues: of pink and cream and lilac, like shells littered upon the shore.

2011, Seth Hunter, The Winds of Folly, unnumbered page,


saffron

saffrons (third-person singular present)
saffroning (present participle)
saffroned (past participle)

Saffroning the rest of the account are several other regionalisms: agin for against, hit for the expletive it, knowed as a preterite, and no use to say not bin' (a fascinating doubling of the negative).

1970，Robert Randolph Turner，Tennessee Legends: An Analysis in Terms of Motifs, Structure, and Style:

He saffrons his speech with Latin which he knows all by rote.

1992，Jerome Mandel，Geoffrey Chaucer: Building the Fragments of the Canterbury Tales:

The Nun's Priest's rhetorical devices, too numerous to catalogue exhaustively, are of two kinds: first, the heroic-historical, beginning with the setting of the occasion in a time sequence that starts with the Creation, saffroning the high points with apostrophes and epic similes, and culminating with a chase in which Chauntecleer's fall proves to have the "cosmic reverberations" required by epic standards […]

2015，Robert B. Burlin，Chaucerian Fiction，頁 231:


safflower

源自中古法語 safleur，源自阿拉伯語 أَصْفَر (ʔaṣfar，“黃色”)，不過受safran (“番紅花”)和fleur (“花”)的影響。

Safflower is unusual: if you add alkalis to the dye broth it is yellow; with acids it goes a beautiful crimson pink which is the colour of the original ‘red’ tape once tied around legal documents in England […].


prohibited

more prohibited (comparative)
most prohibited (superlative)

/pɹəʊˈhɪbɪtɪd/

Theater works and religious essays were the most prohibited literary genres

1993，Germán Bleiberg，Dictionary of the literature of the Iberian peninsula，Volume 1, →ISBN，頁 374:


simplified

more simplified (comparative)
most simplified (superlative)

With punctuality nosediving and both overcrowding and cancellations on the rise, a new simplified timetable was introduced in December amid threats from the Mayor that he would ask the Secretary of State for Transport to strip Abellio of the franchise.

2020年July29日，Paul Stephen，“A new collaboration centred on New Street”, in Rail，頁 56:


PRC

來自中華人民共和國的移民（與在本地出生的新加坡華人相對）

"It doesn't matter," she said. "They may still think you're a PRC who obtained a British passport."

“沒關係的。”她說，“他們可能還會覺得你是拿著英國護照的中國人。”

2014年May1日，Helier Cheung，“'No Indians No PRCs': Singapore's rental discrimination problem”, in BBC:


samisen

He sees her chastened and cast-down eyes as she kneels and tinkles away on her samisen

她跪下彈奏三味線的時候，他看見她內疚低垂的眼睛


samovar

源自俄語 самова́р (samovár，字面意思是“自行煮沸的”)，源自само́ (samó，“自己”) + вари́ть (varítʹ，“煮”)。

茶炊，薩摩瓦爾（俄式茶壺）

Come on now with the samovar - and make haste sorting the letter-bag.

1919, Ronald Firbank, Valmouth, Duckworth, hardback edition, page 107

Eurydice pointed to the cupboard, and sat down on the low divan with folded hands, and looked at the floor.[…]Elsa made her drink a glass of vodka. Then she fetched the samovar from the kitchen, and made tea.

1932，Maurice Baring，章號 20, in Friday's Business:


Schwarzenegger

/ˈʃwɔːɹtsənˌɛɡə/

/ˈʃwɔːɹtsənˌɛɡəɹ/

源自德語的施瓦辛格，姓氏

When he graduated from UCLA on time, he missed getting Schwarzenegger's autograph on his diploma by four months.

2020年January22日，Howard Cole，“Book Excerpt: The 50 Greatest Dodger Games of All Time”, in Sports Illustrated:

“Schwarzenegger vs Zombies” is a pitch that would have most studio executives sprinting for their chequebooks, but “Maggie” isn't the film they'd have in mind.

2015年June16日，Nicholas Barber，“Arnie turns sensitive”, in 1843:

The Twilight of the Action-Movie Gods has been a long time coming. The great action-hero triumvirate of the Reagan-Bush years—Stallone, Schwarzenegger, Willis—seem collectively to have realised that the shadows are lengthening at the end of their day in the sun.

2002年May10日，John Patterson，“Age shall wither them”, in The Guardian:


Schwarzenegger

/ˈʃwɔːɹtsənˌɛɡə/

/ˈʃwɔːɹtsənˌɛɡəɹ/

肌肉非常發達的健美運動員

He rubbed his hands together. "Believe it or not, there was a time when I considered giving acting a go. What do you think, Miss Fox?" He flexed impressive biceps. "Would I have had a chance against the Schwarzeneggers and the Chuck Norris types?"

Unless you are another Schwarzenegger, or you have a doctorate in muscle growth, forget the heavy mob, (bless 'em).

2000，Lou Ravelle，Gym Biz: Starting and Running Your Own Gym for Profit，頁 8:

Fussell finally competed in a contest. He came in second, but he clearly wasn't going to be the next Schwarzenegger—and finally something snapped. "Having come three thousand miles, having gained eighty pounds, I wanted out."

2001，Bill McKibben，Long Distance: A Year of Living Strenuously，頁 79:

That's simply not enough time to build the massive quads that are great for cycling but are a hindrance to distance running, or to become the next Schwarzenegger in the gym.


santorum

源自美國保守派參議員Rick Santorum的姓氏。他曾將同性戀比作獸交，又稱達到規定年齡的成年人在性行為方面並不享有憲法規定的隱私權。此後，美國專欄作家Dan Savage收集了讀者的意見，舉辦了一場比賽來定義並“銘記這次醜聞”。Savage 建立了相關網站來定義這個詞並推廣出去。
姓氏源自意大利語；參見Santorum。

肛交時潤滑劑和糞便混合而成的物質 （自21世紀）

She wads up the t-shirt, uses it to wipe a trickle of santorum from her ass, and throws it under the cot.

2005，Jack R. Dunn，Hard，存檔自the original on 2011-09-12，頁 134:

In the “for what it's worth” department, the frothy mixture of lube and fecal matter that is sometimes the byproduct of anal sex is called santorum.
Safety Warning #6: Be particularly cautious where this santorum goes. As previously noted, you don't want to get any fecal matter in the vaginal area. Bad safety risk.

2007，Robert J. Rubel，Squirms, Screams and Squirts: Now you can turn great sex into extraordinary sex，Nazca Plains, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 65:

Then, one of them broke ranks and rammed his blood-lubed fist straight up my ass and twisted hard, pulled it out and licked the santorum clean.

2008，Richard J. Polney，“A Horrible Night of Research and Erudite Bloodletting”, in Men on the Edge: Dangerous Erotica，Hemdon: StarBooks, →ISBN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 38:

Any residents not burned alive in the fires or drowned in the flood will be made to drink a mixture of bodily fluids typically deposited in on the streets during Mardi Gras until death. The mixture should consist of (but is not limited to) sweat, snot, urine, saliva, tears, vomit, sexual fluids, and feces and santorum.

2008，Austen James，Hate Starve Curse: A Disagreeable Man's Search for Nothingness in the Face of Everythingness，第1st版, Broken Science, →ISBN, →OL，頁 30:

I'll fuck you till my dick's dry / Squirt santorum in my eye

2011年April1日，“Booty Sex”, in Icemilk 作曲, Sofa King Delicious, ASIN B00510PZO0:

沒用的東西，沒有價值的東西 （自21世紀）

a lying sack of santorum.

2004年February5日，Ian S.，“Re: If Bush Wasn't A Deserter, What Was He?”, in alt.politics.democrats (Usenet), message-ID <tijUb.2347$Yj.960@lakeread02>:

I think this is a load of santorum.

2005年June29日，Chris Linthompson，“Re: New word, "martinize"”, in talk.origins (Usenet), message-ID <1120058301.549994.211740@z14g2000cwz.googlegroups.com>:

What a bunch of santorum.

2006年January18日，"leftie"，“Re: Hey Julia!”, in rec.music.gdead (Usenet), message-ID <dqmpqs$2mpp$1@agate.berkeley.edu>:

Those freakin' Devil's Advocate Moderators have no sense of decorum— They're just like a bunch of hungry predators... totally fuckin' full of fuckin' santorum!

2009，Jacques TwisT，Lady MaMarazz' "Ain't No Shame like the Fame Game", →ISBN，頁 146:


cumshot

射精鏡頭/射精場景：色情影片或雜誌中，男演員射精的畫面或片段。

The focus here is on Blow Job’s seeming deviations from one of hard-core pornography's staples, the cum shot or money shot--that is, the ejaculation outside the sex partner's body as visual proof for the camera that male satisfaction has been achieved.

2003，Roy Grundmann，Andy Warhol's Blow Job，頁 24:

The cum shot forms hardcore's pinnacle. It depicts ejaculation in close-up, always occurring outside the body of the sexual partner.

2004，Mieke Bal，Narrative Theory: Political narratology，頁 297:

I began by specifying the conventions of the cum shot. In feature porn, ejaculation achieves its prominence under several precise conditions. [...] The first simply demands that ejaculation be visible. It is shown in the closest of possible close-ups. As the camera zooms in, the male performer withdraws from the body of his co-star, proceeds to masturbate, and ejaculates over his or her face, chest, belly, back or buttocks.

2007，Murat Aydemir，Images of bliss: ejaculation, masculinity, meaning，頁 95:


double dildo

double dildos (plural)
double dildoes (plural)

double dong

雙頭龍：兩頭均可用於插入的假陰莖

double penetration dildo

雙頭龍：兩頭均可用於插入的假陰莖

double-ended dildo

雙頭龍：兩頭均可用於插入的假陰莖

double-sided dildo

雙頭龍：兩頭均可用於插入的假陰莖

雙頭龍：兩頭均可用於插入的假陰莖

I get a double dildo and slide it into both openings. She moans with delight and throws her body around and trembles uncontrollably. At this point in my imaginings, I come.

Even the much more staid Shanghai site featured in its display and its pamphlet a double dildo, a penis on each side, purportedly used by lesbians in the sixteenth or seventeenth century.

2007，Paul Rutherford，A world made sexy: Freud to Madonna，頁 38:


not at all

/ˈnɒt ət ˈɔːl/

[ˈnɒ.ɾəˈɾɔːɫ]

一點兒也不，絕不，絲毫沒有。

Now all this was very fine, but not at all in keeping with the Celebrity's character as I had come to conceive it. The idea that adulation ever cloyed on him was ludicrous in itself. In fact I thought the whole story fishy, and came very near to saying so.

1898，Winston Churchill，章號 3, in The Celebrity:

He's not at all friendly towards his ex-wife.

他一點也不友善的朝前妻走近。


emoticon

/ɪˈməʊtɪˌkɒn/

用圖像來表示特殊情感，特別用在SMS、email或其他電子通訊平台。 使用文本字符組成的圖形，用於表達情感。

A remark intended humorously is often indicated by the letter G in parentheses, for "grin," or by a sideways happy face built from punctuation marks. Such symbols are known as emoticons.

[1992年December1日，William Grimes，“Computer as a Cultural Tool: Chatter Mounts on Every Topic”, in The New York Times，頁 C13:

In a 4 by 2 experimental procedure, :) ;) :( or no emoticon were inserted alternately in simulated e-mail message mock-ups

2006，Joseph B. Walther，“Nonverbal dynamics in computer-mediated communication”, in The SAGE Handbook of Nonverbal Communication, →ISBN，頁 470:

The range of interpretations was surprising broad, for instance the emoticon (-.-) had 16 possible interpretations

2007，M. Yanagisawa, M. Kobayashi, Y. Kato, S. Kato, and D. Scott，“Research on the emotions interpreted from emoticons in Japanese cellular telephone email”, in Supporting Learning Flow through Integrative Technologies, →ISBN，頁 271:

用圖像來表示特殊情感，特別用在SMS、email或其他電子通訊平台。 用於表達情感的圖像或圖標。

In addition to placing emoticons by clicking icons in the pop-up panel shown in Figure 4-2, you can enter the text representation in your text chat window. For example, to show the image of the emoticon with sunglasses, you enter (cool).

2007，Loren Abdulezer, Susan Abdulezer, and Howard Dammond，Skype for Dummies, →ISBN，頁 61:


emojification

/ɪˌməʊd͡ʒɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/

將文字轉變為表情符號（例如：輸入「微笑」變為🙂）或用現有的圖像創造表情符號。

I know I am going to enjoy all the emojification extensions and making life harder on my coworkers.

[…] to send text, pictures, videos, sound, and location, including bubble and screen effects, emoji tapbacks and full-on emojification, digital touch and handwriting […]

2017，James Perren，Applications of CALL Theory in ESL and EFL Environments，頁 46:

The goal of this study is to assess the demand for “emojification” of Turkish cultural symbols and determine the appropriate symbols to use in cultural interaction in Turkey.

2017, Gülcan Şener & G. Motif Atar, "The Transformation of Unique Turkish Cultural Symbols into Emoji: A Study of Cultural Symbols in Digital Communications", İstanbul Üniversitesi İletişim Fakültesi Dergisi, Number 53 (2017), page 191:


adjudge

源自中古英語 ajugen、adjugen，源自古法語 ajugier，源自拉丁語 adiudicare。adjudicate 的同源對似詞。

adjudges (third-person singular present)
adjudging (present participle)
adjudged (past participle)

City felt they were victims of an injustice after 16 minutes when Silva's free-kick floated straight in, but French official Stephane Lannoy adjudged that Joleon Lescott had fouled keeper Jorg Butt.

2011年December7日，Phil McNulty，“Man City 2 - 0 Bayern Munich”, in BBC Sport:


adjure

源自中古英語 adjuren，源自拉丁語 adiūrō (“鄭重請求”)，源自ad- (“近，朝，向”) + iūrō (“發誓”)。

adjures (third-person singular present)
adjuring (present participle)
adjured (past participle)

Party members are adjured to promote awareness of this problem.

鄭重呼籲黨員提升對這項問題的重視。

`Then tell to me, and this great company, the tale whereof I have heard.' Thus adjured, I, in as few words as I could, related the history of the cannibal feast, and of the attempted torture of our poor servant.

1887，H. Rider Haggard，She: A History of Adventure:

The Rabbis adjured her to endow the young man with his former virility, but she vehemently refused to do so.

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 50:


admiringly

more admiringly (comparative)
most admiringly (superlative)

Fanny showed slow approval. 'Good on yer!' she said admiringly.

1907，Barbara Baynton，Human Toll (Portable Australian Authors: Barbara Baynton)，St Lucia: University of Queensland Press, 出版於 1980，頁 163:


bitcoin

Bitcoin (alternative)
BitCoin (alternative)

We do not accept bitcoin at this store.

我們這間商店不接受比特幣。

It is a process of solving complex math problems using those computers which run bitcoin software.

2014，Dale Blake，Bitcoin Guide For Beginners: Bitcoin Trading and Mining Made Easy, →ISBN:

Other ecommerce sites that accept bitcoin are: Bitcoinshop.us which offers products like watches and air conditioners and ships to people within the United States; Air Baltic, which is a Latvian airline also started accepting cryptocurrency mode of payment for basic class fares not including Taiwan, Malaysia, Vietnam, Russia, India, Japan, China, Iceland, Indonesia, Lebanon and Jordan.

2015，Scott Green，Bitcoin : The Ultimate A - Z of Profitable Bitcoin Trading & Mining Guide, →ISBN:

Individual bitcoin users are not the only driving force in terms of securing the bitcoin network.

2016，Prypto，Bitcoin For Dummies, →ISBN，頁 137:

Find a friend who has bitcoin and buy some from him or her directly. Many bitcoin users start this way. This method is the least complicated. One way to meet people with bitcoin is to attend a local bitcoin meetup listed at Meetup.com.

2017，Andreas M. Antonopoulos，Mastering Bitcoin: Programming the Open Blockchain, →ISBN，頁 11:


bitcoin

Bitcoin (alternative)
BitCoin (alternative)
bitcoins (plural)
bitcoin (plural)

This item costs one bitcoin.

Each time you succeed in creating a hash, you are rewarded with 25 bitcoins, the block chain is updated and all the users on the network are notified.

2013，John Davidson，How to Make Money Online With Digital Currency Bitcoins, →ISBN:

They buy bitcoins at a lower price then sell them at a higher value.

2014，Kinsley Wallace，Bitcoins: How to Invest, Buy and Sell: A Guide to Using the Bitcoin, →ISBN:

There are lots of ways to earn bitcoin.

2014，Joanne Falvey，Tale of the Bitcoin Kid: Learn about earning, →ISBN:

But consider that a significant amount of bitcoin is also being held by investors. Those investors do not plan to sell their bitcoin for some time because they are speculating that due to its utility as MoIP, demand will continue to rise and so too will its value.

2017，Chris Burniske & Jack Tatar，Cryptoassets, →ISBN:


hypercorrect

hypercorrects (third-person singular present)
hypercorrecting (present participle)
hypercorrected (past participle)

把詞語或短語糾正過頭成錯誤的形式

I use reduplicate to mean redouble, though both words should mean quadruple, but English is funny that way, so hold off on the hypercorrecting gotcha!

2007年October28日，William Safire，“And Now This”, in New York Times:


post-traumatic stress disorder

posttraumatic stress disorder (alternative)
post traumatic stress disorder (alternative)

An example of the contract, read out in the committee said: “I understand that exposure to this content may give me post traumatic stress disorder. I will engage in a mandatory wellness coaching session but I understand that those are not conditions and may not be sufficient to prevent my contracting PTSD.”

2021年May12日，Cristina Criddle，“Facebook moderator: ‘Every day was a nightmare’”, in BBC News:


scull

參見skull。動詞義可能派生自丹麥語/挪威語/瑞典語 skål。

sculls (third-person singular present)
sculling (present participle)
sculled (past participle)

In 1954, Bob Hawke made the Guinness Book of Records for sculling 2.5 pints of beer in 11 seconds.

2005, Jane Egginton, Working and Living Australia, The Sunday Times, Cadogan Guides, UK, page 59,

That way you get your opponent so gassed up from sculling beer that all he can think about is trying to burp without spewing.

2005, Stefan Laszczuk, The Goddamn Bus of Happiness, page 75,

For a livelier scene, head here on Friday or Saturday night, when mass beer-sculling (chugging) and yodeling are accompanied by a brass band and costumed waitresses ferrying foaming beer steins about the atmospheric, cellarlike space.

2006, Marc Llewellyn, Lee Mylne, Frommer′s Australia from $60 a Day, 14th Edition, page 133,

After a three-day Torquay-to-Sydney road trip with his hosts, Noll rejoined his American temmates, unshaven and stinking of alcohol, the Team USA badge ripped from his warm-up jacket and replaced by an Aussie-made patch of Disney character Gladstone Gander sculling a frothy mug of beer.

2010, Matt Warshaw, The History of Surfing, page 136,

I sipped it. It was thick and sweet and yuck. It went somewhere and did something I couldn't pinpoint. I sculled the rest.


scull

Of fish that with their fins and shining scales
Glide under the green wave , in sculls that oft
Bank the mid sea: part single, or with mate,

处处是鱼群，在绿色的波浪之下，他们静悄悄地游动，鱼翅和鱼鳞闪闪发光，鱼群如此之多，以至于常常在海中形成堤坝。有的与众不同，单身或者带着配偶，

1667，John Milton，“Book VII”, in Paradise Lost. A Poem Written in Ten Books，London: […] [Samuel Simmons], […], →OCLC; 再版為 Paradise Lost in Ten Books: […]，London: Basil Montagu Pickering […], 1873, →OCLC:


traumatic

來自拉丁語 traumaticus，來自古希臘語 τραυματικός (traumatikós)，來自τραῦμα (traûma)。

more traumatic (comparative)
most traumatic (superlative)

/tɹɔːˈmætɪk/

It's a sort of disease. There's a scientific name for it. Trau- something. Traumatic symplegia, that's it. This cat has traumatic symplegia. In other words, putting it in simple language adapted to the lay mind, where other cats are content to get their eight hours, Augustus wants his twenty-four.

1960，P. G. Wodehouse，Jeeves in the Offing, chapter VII:

"I've seen more patients, but never this many patients with this number of severe injuries," said Dr. Michael Morkin, chief of Renown's emergency department […] . "It was traumatic."

2011, September 18, Don Thompson and Ken Ritter, “Reno air race crash scene shows violence of impact”, Associated Press:


seduce

借自拉丁語 sēdūcō (“迷路，誤入歧途”)，源自sē- (“離開”) + dūcō (“帶領”)；參見duct。對比adduce、conduce、deduce等。

seduces (third-person singular present)
seducing (present participle)
seduced (past participle)

Your father was seduced by the dark side of The Force.

1983，Lawrence Kasdan, George Lucas，Star Wars Episode VI: Return of the Jedi:

"Mrs. Robinson, are you trying to seduce me?"
"Do you want me to seduce you?"

1967，Calder Willingham, Buck Henry，The Graduate:


seeming

more seeming (comparative)
most seeming (superlative)

seeming friendship

O, good my lord, you have lost a friend / And I dare swear you borrow not that face / Of seeming sorrow—it is sure your own.

c. 1596–1599，William Shakespeare，“The Second Part of Henry the Fourth, […]”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio)，London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act V, scene ii]:

I'le hide my anger in a seeming calm,
And what I have to do, consult the while,
And mask my vengeance underneath a smile.

1671, Aphra Behn, The Amorous Prince, or, The Curious Husband, London: Thomas Dring, Act II, Scene 5, pp. 32-33,

Of all the English philosophers, I most reverence Bacon, that great and hardy genius: he it is who, undaunted by the seeming difficulties that oppose, prompts human curiosity to examine every part of nature;

1765, Oliver Goldsmith, Essays, London: W. Griffin, Essay 18, p. 150,

[…] she was overcome like the thirsty one who is drawn toward the seeming water in the desert […]

1876, George Eliot, Daniel Deronda, Chapter 27,

[…] though they marched in seeming peace, the hearts of all the army, from the highest to the lowest, were downcast, and with every mile that they went north foreboding of evil grew heavier on them.

1955, J. R. R. Tolkien, The Return of the King, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012, Chapter 10,

Fields (or “camps”) enclosed by chest-high wire fences now contain thousands of ostriches in seeming harmony, sometimes spread out like feathered chess pieces, sometimes seated in clusters.

2020年August4日，Richard Conniff，“They may look goofy, but ostriches are nobody’s fool”, in National Geographic Magazine:


yͤ

ye (“定冠詞 the”)的另一種寫法

And you ſhall finde, that the ſcriptures will instruct the man of God vnto all good works, & make him wiſe vnto ſaluation, if theſe wil not ſerue your turn, ſeeke where you wil, & find yͤ deuil & eternal damnatiõ.

1580，T. Stapleton and Martiall (Two Popish Heretikes) Confuted, and of Their Particular Heresies Detected，London: Henrie Middleton，頁 167:

OLd Iohn of Gaunt, time-honoured Lancaſter,
 Haſt thou according to thy oath and band
 Brought hither Henry Herford thy bold ſon:
 Heere to make good yͤ boiſtrous late appeale,
 Which then our leyſure would not let vs heare,
 Againſt the Duke of Norfolke, Thomas Mowbray?

1595 December 9 (first known performance)，William Shakespeare，“The life and death of King Richard the Second”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio)，London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版於 1623, →OCLC, [Act I, scene i]，頁 23，列 1:

Now vnto yͤ king eternal, immortall, inuiſible, the onely wiſe God, be honour and glory for euer ⁊ euer. Amen.

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Timothy 1:17，列 2:


sacristan

源自法語 sacristain、晚期拉丁語 sacrista，源自拉丁語 sacer。參見sacred，對比sexton。

And hence the custom and law began

1793, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Christabel

The church was looked after by an old sacristan who lived in a cottage on the shore of the lake.

教堂由一個老司事看守，他住在湖邊的一間小屋子裡。

1932，Maurice Baring，章號 10, in Friday's Business: