square kilometre

Located at the southern end of the exercise area, Wuqiu Dao consists of two islets - Daqiucun [Dachiu-tsun^([sic，意為Tachiu-tsun])] and Xiaoqiucun [Hsiaochiu-tsun] with each covering approximately one square km.

乌坵屿位于演习区南端，由大坵村和小坵村两个小岛组成，每个小岛面积约一平方公里。

[1996年March21日 [1996年March18日]，Jixiong (0149 2623 7160) He，“There Is a Feeling of Insecurity on Jinmen, Mazu, and Other Islands”, in Daily Report: China，期s 96-056, Foreign Broadcast Information Service, →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 75，列 2:


conformant

more conformant (comparative)
most conformant (superlative)

I would like to say that I think the reference to the National Labor Relations Act and the other so-called conformant statutes in both 9017 and the War Labor Disputes Act, might very well be decided by the courts, when they do decide them, refer entirely to procedural interpretations rather than to matters of substantive law.

1944，Morse，Hearings Before the Special Committee to Investigate Executive Agencies，U.S. Government Printing Office，頁 1523:

Microsoft LDAP is conformant to LDAP set of standards; however, it is non-conformant to many standards.

2000，“Threat Analysis for Directory Services”, in Vulnerability Analysis and Defense for the Internet，Springer, →ISBN，頁 129:

“[…] Presumably, these families are not in marriages that are conformant to the teachings of the Church.”

2019年March8日，Christine Hauser，引 a letter to Archbishop Joseph F. Naumann, “Catholic School in Kansas Faces a Revolt for Rejecting a Same-Sex Couple’s Child”, in The New York Times:


duchen

duchens (third-person singular present)
duchening (present participle)
duchened (past participle)

In a lengthy essay R. Gaguine explains why in London the Sephardim duchen on the festivals and High Holy Days only and in Amsterdam and Morocco Birkat Kohanim takes place on Shabbat as well as on festivals and High Holy Days.

1996，Macy Nulman，The Encyclopedia of Jewish Prayer，頁 112:


bookhouse

源自 book + house，可能仿譯自古英語 bōchūs (“圖書館，書屋”)（於中古英語中作 bochous (“圖書館”)，但後來就消失了）。

library

圖書儲藏室，書屋；圖書館；書店

bookstore

圖書儲藏室，書屋；圖書館；書店

圖書儲藏室，書屋；圖書館；書店

Finally, all those who love and desire that such schools and languages be established and maintained in the German lands should consider that no effort and expense be spared to provide good libraries or bookhouses, especially in the large cities that are well able to do so.

2022, original 1520-1546，Martin Luther，Luther & the State: Writings on Secularism，頁 131:

The overall mode of the bookhouses is the same as for the rest of the house: a Free-Style Classicism based on wood construction.

1985，Charles Jencks，Towards a Symbolic Architecture，頁 177:

There were bookhouses, along with stinktanks where you could drink up and listen to awful poetry about extinct animals.

1993，Gardner Dozois，The Year's Best Science Fiction，頁 541:

The academy would have two bookhouses, one of which would teach the children who only wanted to know a few words, […]

2020，Lian XiNingMou，Transmigration: To Be His Man，卷 2:


perite

源自拉丁語 perītus。

more perite (comparative)
most perite (superlative)

[…] some of our friends who are in the habit of exercising a profuse rather than a perite hospitality […]


souler

Often the soulers were children, who would sing their ancient souling-songs from door to door in return for gifts or food.

2002，Kerr Cuhulain，Full Contact Magick: A Book of Shadows for the Wiccan Warrior:


tierce

源自古法語 tierce，源自拉丁語 tertia。

一种容量单位，相当于一个木桶或其他能容纳这种数量的容器的三分之一；一种比 barrel 大、比 hogshead 或 puncheon 小的容器，用于包装葡萄酒、咸腌制食品、大米等以供装运

He then gave me a large piece of silver coin, such as I never had seen or had before, and told me to get ready for the voyage, and he would credit me with a tierce of sugar, and another of rum […]。

1789，Olaudah Equiano，章號 6, in The Interesting Narrative，卷 I:

Again, by 28 Hen. VIII, cap. 14, it is re-enacted that the tun of wine should contain 252 gallons, a butt of Malmsey 126 gallons, a pipe 126 gallons, a tercian or puncheon 84 gallons, a hogshead 63 gallons, a tierce 41 gallons, a barrel 31.5 gallons, a rundlet 18.5 gallons.

1882，James Edwin Thorold Rogers，A History of Agriculture and Prices in England，頁 205:

[W]e behold two men with lion-look, with alert attitude, side foremost, right foot advanced; flourishing and thrusting, stoccado and passado, in tierce and quart; intent to skewer one another.

1837，Thomas Carlyle，The French Revolution: A History […]，卷 (please specify |volume=I to III), London: Chapman and Hall, →OCLC, (please specify the book or page number):


speciesm

Despite his analysis of animal traits within the human psyche and his emphasis on diversity of species, […] and his plea for animal protection, Canetti seems to have felt that he was not able to overcome speciesm, the least recognized form of intellectual prejudice of his time.

2004，Dagmar C. G. Lorenz，A Companion to the Works of Elias Canetti，Camden House Publishing, →ISBN，頁 244:

This has generated a reluctance to award ontological priority to any shared characteristics of human beings, and has triggered the radical criticism of speciesm and human exceptionalism […]

2019年November14日，Classical Literature and Posthumanism，Bloomsbury Publishing, →ISBN:

[…] but not all major currents of feminism could tolerate the inclusion of speciesm as a form of oppression in feminist considerations and thus declared the consideration of nonhuman animals within feminism essentialist.

2024年February2日，Ecofeminism on the Edge，Emerald Group Publishing, →ISBN:


jumar

源自瑞士製造商 Jümar Pangit，來自 Adolf Jüsy 和 Walter Marti 的姓氏。

一種上升器，施加重量时会收紧

Jacob handed her the ATC belay device and jumar.

2019，Namwali Serpell，The Old Drift，Hogarth，頁 552:


autocomplete

Tools like spellcheck, autocomplete, and speech-to-text impose someone's ideas of the rules of English automatically—invisible authorities that we can defy but not avoid.

2019，Gretchen McCulloch，章號 2, in Because Internet: Understanding the New Rules of Language，Riverhead Books, →ISBN:


suspire

晚期中古英語詞彙，源自拉丁語 suspīrāre，suspīrō 的現在主動不定式。同源詞包括古法語 sospirer（現代法語 soupirer）和西班牙語 suspirar。

suspires (third-person singular present)
suspiring (present participle)
suspired (past participle)

Now the New Year reviving old Desires,
The thoughtful Soul to Solitude retires,
Where the White Hand of Moses on the Bough
Puts out, and Jesus from the Ground suspires.

1859，Edward Fitzgerald，The Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám: The Astronomer-Poet of Persia，頁 2:


sushiya

I like caterpillar rolls, but maybe it’s not so bad that I can’t find them in a Tokyo sushiya.

我喜歡毛毛蟲卷，但在東京的壽司店裡找不到毛毛蟲捲，也許這也不是什麼壞事。

2009年May24日，Eduardo Porter，“An All-American Sauce”, in New York Times:


sushi-ya

sushiya的另一種寫法。

The fact that English is often the second language in a sushi-ya can add to the intimidation. […] Many sushi-yas close after two or in the afternoon, and reopen for dinner at five or six.

事實上，英語通常是壽司店的第二語言，這可能會增加人們的恐懼感。 […] 許多壽司店在兩點或下午後關門，並在五點或六點重新營業以供應晚餐。

A few larger bonito and a couple of red snapper are placed in live tanks, either to be kept until market prices rise, or else sold to local sushi-yas for the expensive live-butchered form of sashimi known as ikizukuri.

幾條較大的鰹魚和幾條紅鯛魚被放在活魚缸裡，要麼保留到市場價格上漲，要麼賣給當地的壽司店，做成昂貴的生魚片。

Pseudo-French brasseries are a dime a dozen in this town, of course, but great sushi-yas are hard to find.

當然，這個鎮上的偽法式小酒館比比皆是，但一流的壽司店卻很難找到。

Most sushi-ya in other parts of Japan and the rest of the world often include this clam in their menu as well.

日本其他地區和世界其他地方的大多數壽司店也經常將這種蛤蜊列入菜單。

2005，Dave Lowry，The Connoisseur’s Guide to Sushi: Everything You Need to Know About Sushi Varieties and Accompaniments, Etiquette and Dining Tips, and More，Harvard Common Press, →ISBN:

‘This is a Sushi-ya,’ said Prama. ‘There are some special cultural conventions to follow.’ […] Prama explained that courtesy is very important in a sushi-ya restaurant.

「這是一家壽司店，」Prama 說。「這裡有一些特殊的文化習俗需要遵守。」 […] Prama 解釋說，在壽司店這樣的餐廳，禮貌是非常重要的。

2009，David Charles Fletcher，Perspective of Matter，Wise Grey Owl Limited, →ISBN，頁s 178–179:


visualise

visualises (third-person singular present)
visualising (present participle)
visualised (past participle)

/ˈvɪʒʊəlaɪz/

設想；在腦海中形成一幅畫面

同類詞：audialize、auralize、kinesthetize、olfactorize、tactilize、tactualize

Trains have increased in weight far beyond anything visualised when the bridge was designed, but it has never undergone any major structural alterations, and continues to carry main-line traffic without weight restriction.

火车的重量已经远远超出了大桥设计时的设想，但这座桥从未进行过任何重大的结构改变，并且继续承载着主干线的交通，不受重量限制。

1950 September，“Centenary of the Royal Border Bridge”, in Railway Magazine，頁 637:

Possible developments such as electric or diesel suburban services may be visualised when the town has grown sufficiently to justify them.

1950 October，R. A. Marshall，“Kuala Lumpur, an Important Malayan Railway Centre”, in Railway Magazine，頁 706:

When small masses are to be detected, it is necessary to visualise as much of the lung as possible with as little structured noise as possible. This is accomplished with high-voltage, wide-latitude, image recording and possibly beam equalisation.

2003，Image Quality in Chest Radiography，頁 84:

Be sure to find an area far away from the city or street lights, the darker the better. Lean back or lie flat on your back with your feet facing south and visualize as much of the sky as possible. Most meteors appear as faint streaks in the sky.

2023 December 13, Carrie Hodgin, Brian Slocum, "When is the best time to view the meteor shower? Everything to know about the Geminids meteor shower" (archive), WXII 12:


infantilize

infantilizes (third-person singular present)
infantilizing (present participle)
infantilized (past participle)

For too long, many of us have sought unity by binding ourselves together with the umbilical cords of dogma. They have done less and less to nurture us in recent years, and more and more to infantilize us.

1984年August18日，Scott Tucker，“The Politics of Perversion”, in Gay Community News，卷 12, 號 6，頁 8:


instrumentalize

instrumentalizes (third-person singular present)
instrumentalizing (present participle)
instrumentalized (past participle)

[…] they also instrumentalize race to reinstate nostalgic, vanguard notions of political activism […]

2002，Katrin Sieg，Ethnic Drag: Performing Race, Nation, Sexuality in West Germany:


xiao

來自官話 簫／箫 (xiāo)的漢語拼音。

Chou studied violin and erhu (a two-stringed Chinese fiddle) and tried to emulate his second brother by dabbling in the harmonica, mandolin, xiao (a vertical Chinese flute), and the musical saw.

周学习了小提琴和二胡（一种中国的二弦提琴），还试图模仿他的二哥，涉猎口琴、曼陀林、箫（一种中国的竖笛）和锯琴。

2006，Peter M. Chang，Chou Wen-Chung: The Life and Work of a Contemporary Chinese-born American Composer [周文中：一位當代華裔美國作曲家的生活與工作]:


begrudged

more begrudged (comparative)
most begrudged (superlative)

No service is so unsatisfactory as blind service—no sacrifices are more begrudged than those which are made to objects we are unable to comprehend.

1845，Edward Miall，Views of the Voluntary Principle，頁 98:

It would seem that just at the time when the year's work of the orange tree was completed and the grower was exchanging its fruits for money he would feel like doing something nice by such a faithful servant, but cold facts reveala that of the three needed applications of fertilizer during each year it is the fall application that is the most begrudged and the most often neglected.

1911，Nettie May Gifford Prange，Citrus Culture for Profit，頁 44:

Grabbing a begrudged compromise here; clutching an opt-out clause there.

2008，Stephen Wall，A Stranger in Europe: Britain and the EU from Thatcher to Blair，頁 130:

He used to give him and his brother a begrudged 10p each at the end of his annual stay with them. Just how begrudged this munificent sum was became clear the year Roger's visit coincided with Sam's birthday. When Roger discovered this, just after giving his nephews their coins, he leaned forward and took 5p back from Ian and left.


decalcification

[diːˌkæɫsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən]

Presectioning of the mineralized tissue to 3–4 mm thick will minimize the (often extensive) time required for decalcification.

2019，Brian G. Murphy, Cynthia M. Bell, Jason W. Soukup，Veterinary Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology:


awol

AWOL的大小寫替代形式

Back in the city's littered bivouac he walked among the tenements of home like an awol private returning to barracks from which his old outfit had long ago convoyed and scattered for keeps.

1949，Nelson Algren，The Man with the Golden Arm:


kayaker

A kayaker who was thrown from his boat and was being swept towards Teddington Weir was saved from a possible "fatal injury" by a brave rescue lifeboat team.

2017年March10日，Richmond & Twickenham Times:


niggerfied

源自 nigger (“黑鬼，黑人”，種族歧視語) + -fy (“……化”) + -ed (“過去分詞詞尾”)。

more niggerfied (comparative)
most niggerfied (superlative)

被引入黑鬼領域的；被轉變為黑人的方式或規範的

But now she was addressing Mrs. Trenholme in a drawling, niggerfied English […]

但現在她用拖長的、帶有黑鬼特徵的英語對 Trenholme 夫人說話 […]

They knowed the Melungeons, like the Cherokees had let runaway slaves hide out amongst them. This with their dark skin was enough to make our grandpappies see pretty plain that the Melungeons was a niggerfied people.

他們知道 Melungeons 像切羅基人一樣，讓逃亡的奴隸藏匿在他們中間。再加上他們的黑皮膚，讓我們的祖父輩們很清楚地認為 Melungeons 是一個黑人化的民族。

1999，Barbara E. Smith，Neither Separate Nor Equal: Women, Race, and Class in the South，頁 48:

I finally called the Lionel Show, and was fortunate that this intelligent, not loud or niggerfied, college educated black woman answered.

我終於給 Lionel Show 打了電話，幸運的是接電話的是一位聰明、不吵鬧、也不帶有黑人特徵的受過大學教育的黑人女性。


bourdonnée

末端有像朝圣者手杖上的圆形凸起的

A shield of arms : bendy of six, over all a cross bourdonnée fitchée.

1898，British Museum. Department of Manuscripts, Walter de Gray Birch，Catalogue of Seals in the Department of Manuscripts in the British Museum，頁 185:

Crest - Upon a crest coronet or, charged with a cross bourdonnée azure, a pelican argent, holding in the bill a nail or. Motto - "Sine labe nota." Residence - Henley House, Avenue Road, Regent's Park, N.W. PILKINGTON[…]

1910，Arthur Charles Fox-Davies，Armorial Families: A Directory of Gentlemen of Coat-armour，頁 1282:


Yue

借自官話 粵／粤 或官話 越。

The Yue dialects are popularly known as the Cantonese dialects. [...] The speech of Canton City, which is Cantonese in its narrower sense, is the best known and most generally esteemed of the Yue dialects.

粵語通常被稱作廣東話。 […] 廣州市的方言，即狹義的粵語，是粵語中最著名也是最受推崇的方言。

1989，S. Robert Ramsey，The Languages of China [中國語言]，頁 98:

One form of Yue—that of Canton—has provided an umbrella term for the whole [language] complex—Cantonese.

广州话，粤语的这一种形式为整个（语言）综合体——粤语提供了一个总称。

2000，George L. Campbell，“YUE (Cantonese) [粤语（广东话）]”, in Compendium of the World's Languages [世界语言大全]，頁 1793:

If there is a well-defined subgroup of the Han Chinese today, it is the Yue.

如果当今汉族中有一个明确界定的支系，那就是粤民系。


personal pronoun

Mondays come with questions of couples
Where and with whom did you go?
Avoiding the personal pronoun
She hopes it doesn't show
Shopping with her lover in the city
Two women holding hands don't get a stare
If the kids at school knew what they do
Would they hate her? Why should they care?

1983，Fred Small （作曲作詞）, “Annie”, in The Heart of the Appaloosa:


comforting

Intrenched within the citadel of our apartment, and cheered by the comfortings of a coal fire, we passed the day in letter-writing, conversation, or gazing from the sheltered security of our windows upon the agitated sea[…]

1836，Alexander Slidell Mackenzie，The American in England，頁 269:


nylons

She sheathed her legs in the sheerest of the nylons that her father had brought back from the Continent, and slipped her feet into the toeless, high-heeled shoes of black suède.

1954，Alexander Alderson，章號 17, in The Subtle Minotaur:


husman

“Wife, su'mit. As your husman I'm ordering you to su'mit.”

“老婆，屈服。作为你的丈夫，我命令你屈服。”

2007，Bill Spevacek，Millen County Standoff:

"You know my husman works on a giant forklift for this company for years. […]"

“你知道我老公在这家公司修理大型叉车好几年了 […] ”

2010，Jeannie Cheatham，Meet Me with Your Black Drawers On: My Life in Music，頁 179:

Whosoever that hoochefied, home wrecking heifer is she ain't gon steal my husman from under my nose.

无论这个该死的、破坏家庭的小母牛是谁，她都不会从我的眼皮底下偷走我老公。

2014，The Skegeehawk!，Zee: An Original Naughty Narrative，頁 357:


sharecropping

Slim came from sharecropping stock, his people farmed land but never owned it

斯利姆来自佃农家庭，他的族人耕种土地，但从未拥有过土地

2019，Bernardine Evaristo，Girl, Woman, Other，Penguin Books (2020)，頁 363:


civil disobedience

We now had no alternative but to resort to civil disobedience, and we embarked in earnest on preparations for mass action.

1994，Nelson Mandela，Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela，London: Abacus, 出版於 2010，頁 146:


Karakorum

借自蒙古語 Хархорум (Xarxorum)。

Karakorum, once the capital of Genghis Khan's Mongol Empire, lies in ruins scattered in the vicinity of the present-day town of Harhorin.

哈拉和林曾是成吉思汗蒙古帝国的首都，而如今的哈拉和林镇附近只剩下一片废墟。

1996，International Dictionary of Historic Places, Volume 5: Asia and Oceania，Taylor & Francis (Routledge)，頁 451:


hiam

借自泉漳話 薟／莶 (hiam, “辣”)。

more hiam (comparative)
most hiam (superlative)

At best, it was just so-so – nothing like what we would cook for ourselves at home. It was not “hiam” enough probably from the lack of ginger or ginger juice and there was insufficient wine.

頂多只能算是一般般——根本不像我們自己在家做的。味道不夠辣，可能因為沒有放薑或薑汁，而且酒也不夠。

2011 Aug，“STILL CRAZY AFTER ALL THESE YEARS!”, in suituapui.wordpress.com, retrieved 2016-08-12:


concassé

借自法語 concassé (“碾碎的，搗碎的”)。

Spoon the concassé over the arugula, leaving a bit of green showing around the edge. Set aside.

1999，The Gardeners' Community Cookbook，Workman Publishing, →ISBN，頁 74:

This is a great make - ahead dessert because both the crème caramel and the concassé (a coarsely chopped mixture) need to chill for at least four hours. Basil adds an interesting, fresh flavor to the concassé.

2006，Anne C. Chappell，The All-New Complete Cooking Light Cookboook: The Ultimate Guide from America's #1 Food Magazine，頁 168:

[…] Leave the oven on. Meanwhile, make the concassé. Put the tomatoes, garlic, bouquet garni, salt, and pepper in a saucepan. Cover and cook […]

2007，Anne Willan，The Country Cooking of France，Chronicle Books, →ISBN，頁 260:

This is another showstopper, a real “come-over-to-my-place” breakfast or brunch, which means you can follow your fast without anyone else knowing about it. Make plenty of the concassé—you can double or even triple the recipe—and use it […]

2013，Mimi Spencer, Sarah Schenker, Michael Mosley，The FastDiet Cookbook: 150 Delicious, Calorie-Controlled Meals to Make Your Fasting Days Easy，Simon and Schuster, →ISBN，頁 35:


concassé

借自法語 concassé (“碾碎的，搗碎的”)。

concassés (third-person singular present)
concassing (present participle)
concasséd (past participle)

將番茄去皮去籽後切成小塊

Blanch, refresh, peel and concassé the tomatoes. Blanch the peas in boiling salted water and refresh quickly in iced water. […]

将西红柿焯水、冷却、去皮、去籽并切成小块。将豌豆放入沸腾的盐水中焯水，然后快速放入冰水中冷却。 […]

2007，Gary Hunter, Terry Tinton, Patrick Carey, Stephen Walpole，Professional Chef - Level 2 - S/NVQ，Cengage Learning EMEA, →ISBN:


concasse

concassé的另一種寫法

[…] with truffled Madeira sauce, haricots verts and fresh tomato concasses, and chocolate raspberry shortcake. The a la carte menu offered the rest of the week features light and informal foods. Guests eat on the garden terrace […]

1994，Christina Tree，Best Places to Stay in New England，頁 299:

Now the new executive chef, Tsvika (Vik) Silberberg, has swung far the other way with a menu full of trendy ingredients: fingerling potatoes, day-boat scallops, root vegetables, jasmine rice. There are reductions and concasses and infused oils.

2001 February，Cincinnati Magazine，頁 132:


concasse

concasses (third-person singular present)
concassing (present participle)
concassed (past participle)

concassé的另一種寫法

Concasse the tomatoes, roughly chop the tarragon then remove the dish from the heat. Add the concasse and tarragon, adjust the seasoning and serve, garnished with chopped parsley in a warm entree dish.

将番茄去皮、去籽并切碎，将龙蒿粗略切碎，然后将菜离火。加入番茄碎和龙蒿，调味，上桌，用切碎的欧芹点缀，作为一道温热的主菜。

2016，Dun Jipping，Army Chef's Handbook of Cookery, →ISBN，頁 14:


museau

借自法語 museau。muzzle 的同源對似詞。

He was the baby of the family, a young man of 二十two, with a fresh, jaunty museau.

1922，DH Lawrence, ‘The Horse-dealer's Daughter’，England, My England:

I was dark with a round museau of a face and thick lips and a pug nose and high cheekbones and deep-set brown eyes and a bush of black hair.

1974，GB Edwards，The Book of Ebenezer Le Page，New York, 出版於 2007，頁 33:


仿譯自拉丁語 plus valet in manibus avis unica quam dupla silvis (“一鳥在手勝過二鳥在林”)，可能源自古代中東（西元前6世紀）。西元前5世紀，以帝國亞拉姆語寫成的《阿希卡爾的故事》中就有「手中一隻麻雀勝過千隻飛翔的麻雀」的說法。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/en-au-a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.ogg

一鳥在手勝於十鳥在林；確定的事情比單純獲得更多事情的機會更可取 （15世紀）

It is more sykyr a bryd in youre fyste
Than to have thre in the sky above
And more profitabyl to youre behove.

15th c., John Capgrave, Life of St Katherine, Bodleian MS Rawlinson poet. 118, Bk. II:

May. No, but the Sides are going to be changed ; and Sir Harry is to be ſome very great Man ; and as ſoon as he is, I am to be made an Embaſſador of.
 Mrs. May. Made an Aſs of! Will you never learn of me, that a Bird in the Hand is worth two in the Buſh ?

1737, Henry Fielding, Pasquin, Act II, Scene I, p. 27:

[An] acquaintance ... proposed to pay a ... proportion of the cost of the cellar provided he should have as his own everything of value that might be found [excavating]. A bird in the hand, thought Bardolph, is worth two in the bush, so he ... accepted the proposal.

1864，William W. Story，“The Campagna”, in Roba Di Roma，卷 II，頁 8:


peperoncini

希臘和意大利菜所使用的一種比較辣的辣椒

Stir in sugar, parsley and peperoncini.

放糖、歐芹和意大利乾辣椒並攪拌。

2007年February21日，“Recipe: Zappa Family Spaghetti Sauce”, in New York Times:


lesson plan

You've written thousands of lesson plans. You've taught the same subjects over and over. Why doesn't your principal just exempt you from having to write lesson plans? You could teach your lessons with your eyes closed, couldn't you?

你已经写了数千份教案。你一遍又一遍地教同样的科目。为什么你的校长不免除你写教案的义务？你闭着眼睛都能讲课，不是吗？

2015，Annette Breaux, Todd Whitaker，Quick Answers for Busy Teachers: Solutions to 60 Common Challenges:


paper cup

A rather interesting and notable convenience, however, is that of ice water bags, which are hung on to the outside of the coaches at certain stops. These can be reached by leaning out of the window rather perilously, to unhook them, and paper cups are stocked in the compartments.

不過，一個相當有趣和值得注意的便利是冰水袋，在某些站點，冰水袋會掛在車廂外。乘客可以很危險地探出車窗去拿水袋，車廂內還備有紙杯。

1951 February，K. Westcott Jones，“Some Australian Railway Byways”, in Railway Magazine，頁 118:

My coach was air-conditioned, of course, and there was an iced drinking water fountain with a supply of paper cups in a recess by the rest-rooms and toilets.

當然，我的車廂有空調，休息室和廁所旁邊的凹處有冰鎮噴泉式飲水機，並提供紙杯。

1961 June，J. Geoffrey Todd，“Impressions of railroading in the United States”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 356:

Messy trains are horrible, but you can sort of understand passengers leaving their sandwich wrappers and paper cups if there is nowhere to dispose of them.

雜亂的火車確實很糟糕，然而如果沒有地方處理三明治包裝紙和紙杯，你也可以理解乘客們亂扔它們的情況。

2023年April5日，Pip Dunn，“'196s' giving commuters a smoother ride”, in RAIL，期 980，頁 55:


baxterization

As an application we suggest a baxterization of the Dunkl-Cherednik elements Y's in the double affine Hecke algebra of type A.

作為一種應用，我們建議對 A 型雙仿射 Hecke 代數中的 Dunkl-Cherednik 元素 Y 進行巴克斯特化。

2015，A.P. Isaev, A.N. Kirillov, V.O. Tarasov，“Bethe subalgebras in affine Birman--Murakami--Wenzl algebras and flat connections for q-KZ equations”, in arXiv:


fearmongering

alarmism

散播不必要的恐懼的行為；誇大所謂的威脅以煽動恐懼

scaremongering

散播不必要的恐懼的行為；誇大所謂的威脅以煽動恐懼

散播不必要的恐懼的行為；誇大所謂的威脅以煽動恐懼

Recent polling shows it’s the second most important issue among Americans. But a big reason for that is the relentless, bad-faith fearmongering around the issue by the Republican party themselves, perhaps best summed up by the startling growth this year of the toxic phrase 'migrant crime'.

2024，約翰·奧利佛，上周今夜秀，季数 11, 集数 17:


libant

借自拉丁語 lībāns，lībō (“品嘗；觸摸”) 的現在分詞。

more libant (comparative)
most libant (superlative)

What delicate odours are blown abroad, caught by the libant wind / From the springing wheat on yonder slope, from the alden grove behind!

1901 May，Eleanor Booth Simmons，“In May”, in The Bookman，卷 13, 期 3, New York: Dodd, Mead & Company，頁 252:

The libant libellula darts to the bush / Where safe it sippeth from the laurel’s chaste

1901，[Louis Eilshemius]，“Love: Sweet Recollections”, in Poetical Works of Louis M. Elshemus，First series, New York: The Abbey Press Publishers，頁 264:


tempeh

借自印尼語 tempe，可能來自古爪哇語 tumpi (“一種用澱粉和天貝做的食物”)，或印尼語 tapai (“發酵”)。

同類詞：tofu

Usually sporulation occurred when the tempeh had been exposed to air ( e.g. as the result of uncovering of the pan too frequently ) .

通常当天贝暴露在空气中时（例如过于频繁地揭开锅盖），就会发生孢子形成。

1960，Bwee-Hwa Yap，Nutritional and Chemical Studies on Tempeh [天贝的营养与化学研究]，Cornell University，頁 28:

Fresh or defrosted tempeh will keep 3 to 4 days in a refrigerator at 40°F, and at least 6 months or more in a freezer. When putting fresh tempeh into a refrigerator or freezer, don't stack the packages because heat from one package to another will encourage the culturing process to continue.

新鲜或解冻的天贝在40°F的冰箱中可保存3至4天，在冰柜中可保存至少6个月或更长时间。将新鲜天贝放入冰箱或冰柜时，不要堆叠包装，因为包装之间的热量传递会促使（真菌的）培养过程继续进行。

1989，Dorothy R. Bates，The Tempeh Cookbook [天贝食谱]，Book Publishing Company，頁 7:

The leaves were of use only to the tempeh factories, which collected them every night.

这些叶子只对天贝工厂有用，他们每晚都会采集。

2015，Eka Kurniawan，譯者 Labodalih Sembiring, Man Tiger，Verso，頁 1:


Su

女性人名 Susan 的指小詞

"I am sure nobody would mind," said Susan; "it isn't as if we wanted to take them out of the house; we shan't take them even out of the wardrobe." "I never thought of that, Su," said Peter.

1950，C. S. Lewis，The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobe，Fontana Lions, 出版於 1980, →ISBN，頁 54:


anthropomorph

The aspect which attracts me to the idea of anthropomorphs *is* their differences from humans, particularly in the ways it shapes their social behavior.

擬人化的想法吸引我的一點是它們與人類的差異，特別是在塑造其社會行為的方式上。

1992年October15日，Simon Raboczi，“The 'humanity' of furries”, in alt.fan.furry (Usenet):


red carpet

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-red carpet.wav

I've been gunged on children's TV, hung out with some actors off that soap Dad used to watch, done a photoshoot for a major highstreet fashion outlet and now here we are on the red carpet, outside the cinema in Leicester Square […]

我曾在儿童电视节目中露面，与爸爸过去常看的肥皂剧中的一些演员一起出去玩，为一家大型商业街时尚店拍摄照片，现在我们走在莱斯特广场电影院外的红毯上 […]

This time, the actor was in uncomfortably touchy-feely form. First he sidled up behind Scarlett Johansson as she posed on the red carpet, kissed her, and slid his hand around her waist.

这次，这位演员的举动有点不自在。首先，当斯嘉丽·约翰逊在红毯上摆姿势时，他悄悄走到她身后，亲吻她，并将手放在她的腰上。

2015年February23日，“Oscars 2015: 10 things we learned [2015 年奥斯卡：我们学到的 10 件事]”, in The Guardian (London):


groupuscule

小的政治團體或派別，特别是極端主義派别

Thus, by the time that I enrolled as an “undergraduate” at Balliol College, Oxford, I was already a militant “student” member of the International Socialist groupuscule, as such factions were to become known after the momentously imminent events in France.

2010，Christopher Hitchens，Hitch-22，Atlantic, 出版於 2011，頁 87:


MIDI

When you collect a group of MIDIs into an album, you can play them much like a CD, with repeat mode, random mode, and a programmed playlist.

當你將一組 MIDI 檔案整理成專輯時，你可以像播放 CD 一樣播放它們，並使用重複模式、隨機模式和程式化播放列表。

1998，Judi N. Fernandez，WAVs, MIDIs & RealAudio: Enjoying Sound on Your Computer:


lambic

原作 allambique；可能（經由比利時荷蘭語 lambiek）借自法語 alambic (“蒸餾器”)。alembic和ambix 的同源對似詞。

Wooden casks serve a special role in the maturation of lambic by allowing a little oxygen to slowly contact the beer.

木桶在蘭比克啤酒的成熟過程中發揮著特殊的作用，它允許少量的氧氣緩緩接觸啤酒。

1990，Jean Guinard，Lambic，Brewers Publications, →ISBN:


gas giant

源自 gas + giant、由美國的科幻小說作家James Blish造出，此詞最早出現在1952年，源於1941年短篇小說《Solar Plexus》的重寫版本。

A quick glance over the boards revealed that there was a magnetic field of some strength near by, one that didn't belong to the invisible gas giant revolving half a million miles away.

1954，James Blish，“Solar Plexus”, in Beyond Human Ken，Random House，頁 106:

Altanorch is a small but typical hydrogen-helium gas giant with no outstanding features. Its combination of strong magnetic field and relatively shallow gravity well make it a popular "stopover" world for discharging FTL drive cores.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：Altanorch:

In the past two years, NASA’s Kepler Space Telescope has located nearly 3,000 exoplanet candidates ranging from sub-Earth-sized minions to gas giants that dwarf our own Jupiter.

2013 May-June，Kevin Heng，“Why Does Nature Form Exoplanets Easily?”, in American Scientist，卷 101, 期 3，頁 184:


two week millionaire

Now once more this is not always the case and you will have heard speak of the two week millionaire? This can be a term given to a person that goes on holiday after saving every cent for the other 50 weeks and reveals off by spending a small fortune whereas he is away.

2020年May10日，Bill Church，“The Thai Woman Diaries”, in Herald-Tribune:


accompanable

more accompanable (comparative)
most accompanable (superlative)

As for the houses of the country (for many other houses came vnder their eye) they were all scattered, no two being one by th’ other, & yet not so far off as that it barred mutuall succor: a shew, as it were, of an accompanable solitarines, & of a ciuil wildnes.

c. 1580，Philip Sidney，“The First Booke”, in The Covntesse of Pembrokes Arcadia […] [The New Arcadia]，第3rd版, London: […] [John Windet] for William Ponsonbie, 出版於 1598, →OCLC，頁 6:


peewah

巴西巴伊亞的桃椰子樹，在千里達和多巴哥被稱為 peewah（詞義1）。
在千里達和多巴哥，桃棕櫚的果實也被稱為 peewah（詞義2）。
借自特立尼達克里奧爾英語 peewa、peewah，源自拉丁美洲西班牙語 pijguao，可能源自克丘亞語 [具體何詞?]。此英語詞和西班牙語 pifá、pivá (巴拿馬)、pijuayo (秘魯) 同源。

pupunha

桃椰子樹（Bactris gasipaes），一種產於南美的棕櫚科植物

桃椰子樹（Bactris gasipaes），一種產於南美的棕櫚科植物

The Pewa or Peach palm (Guilielma speciosa) was introduced from Trinidad, and seedlings raised for distribution. The fruits when boiled in water with salt are appreciated as a food.

1910，Department of Agriculture, Legislative Council, Trinidad and Tobago，[Council Paper]，Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago: Government Printer, →OCLC，頁 16:

This Guilielma [the peach palm or pejibaye (Guilielma gasipaes)] is prized in Trinidad, as well as elsewhere, for its edible fruits; by the natives I have heard it called piliwa and piwa.

[1947年December27日，L[iberty] H[yde] Bailey，Indigenous Palms of Trinidad and Tobago (Gentes Herbarum: Occasional Papers on the Kinds of Plants)，卷 VII, fascicle IV, Ithaca, N.Y.: Bailey Hortorium of The New York State College of Agriculture, Cornell University, →OCLC，頁 353:

Nonconventional sources with development potential include: [...] wild plants such as gru gru, pewa (peach nut), many weeds and, possibly, the seeds of seaside grapes, fat pork, etc.

1984，Jeffrey W. Dellimore, Judy A. Whitehead，Secondary Agrobased Industries: ECCM and Barbados (Caribbean Technology Policy Studies Project; 90)，Mona, Jamaica: Institute of Social and Economic Research, University of the West Indies, →OCLC，頁 79:

Nicolasa had boiled a couple dozen peewahs. They were of a floury consistency. I cracked open the nuts and chewed them slowly, squeezing out the juice against my palate.

1994，Sylvia Moodie-Kablalsingh，The Cocoa Panyols of Trinidad: An Oral Record，London, New York, N.Y.: British Academic Press, →ISBN，頁 42:

I start to remember Julie mango, how it sweet, and chataigne and peewah that me mother would boil up in a big pot a' salt water, and how my father always had he little kitchen garden, growin' dasheen leaf and pigeon peas and yam and thing.

1996，Nalo Hopkinson，“A Habit of Waste”, in Fireweed，Toronto, Ont.: Fireweed Inc., →ISSN, →OCLC，頁 40，列 2; republished in Concert of Voices: An Anthology of World Writing in English，第2nd版, Peterborough, Ont.: Broadview Press, 2009, →ISBN，頁 186:

Mr. [Bertram] Manhin's travels resulted in his introducing into the country fruits like Pewa (Bactris gasipaes) from Costa Rica, Brazil and Peru; [...]

2000 November，Karl Burgess，“La Vega Estate”, in Proceedings: Regional Agro-tourism Conference: Agro-tourism – a Sustainable Approach to Economic Growth […]，Trinidad and Tobago: Inter-American Institute for Cooperation on Agriculture, →OCLC，頁 79:

Every Saturday, I make it my mission to buy something new: [...] peewah, which look like cute, golf-ball-sized coconuts (they're the fruit of a different palm tree) and are a popular Trini snack. Boiled in well-salted water, peeled and popped into our mouths, they remind us of roasted chestnuts.

2009，Ann Vanderhoof，“Curry Tabanca: Trinidad”, in The Spice Necklace: A Food-lover’s Caribbean Adventure，Toronto, Ont.: Doubleday Canada, →ISBN，頁 190:

The fruit of the land would also be sold from wooden trays—peewah, topi tambo, pois doux and other natural treats.

2013年April6日，Angelo Bissessarsingh，“The marchandes of Port-of-Spain”, in Trinidad and Tobago Guardian，Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago: Trinidad Pub. Co., →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2020-07-09:


strich

The lether-winged Bat, dayes enimy, / The ruefull Strich, still waiting on the bere, / The Whistler shrill, that who so heares, doth dy […]

1590，埃德蒙·斯宾塞，“Book II, Canto XII”, in 仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]），London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:


streel

源自愛爾蘭語 straoille (“不整潔的人”)。

Cissy came up along the strand with the two twins and their ball with her hat anyhow on her to one side after her run and she did look a streel tugging the two kids along with the flimsy blouse she bought only a fortnight before like a rag on her back and bit of her petticoat hanging like a caricature.


streel

streels (third-person singular present)
streeling (present participle)
streeled (past participle)

a yellow satin train that streeled after her like the tail of a comet

1847 January – 1848 July，William Makepeace Thackeray，Vanity Fair. A Novel without a Hero，London: Bradbury and Evans, […], 出版於 1848, →OCLC:


Catholicism

Catholicism is the second largest religious body after Sunni Muslims

天主教是仅次于逊尼派穆斯林的第二大宗教团体

2011，Connie Green, Religious Diversity，Children's Literature，頁 156:


abnegator

借自晚期拉丁語 abnegator，源自 abnegatus。等價於 abnegate + -or。

否認者，拒絕者 （自17世紀初）

On the other side, representing a serpentine generation wholy, made of fraud, policies, and practises, men lovers of the world, and haters of truth and godlinesse, fighters against the light, protectors of darkenesse, persecuters of marriage, and patrons of brothelles, abnegators and dispencers against the lawes of God […]

1605，Edwin Sandys，A Relation of the State of Religion，London: Simon Waterson:

The Catholic is theoretically a Collectivist, a self-abnegator, a Tory, a Conservative, a supporter of Church and State one and undivisible, an obeyer.

1914，George Bernard Shaw，“Preface for Politicians”, in John Bull’s Other Island，London: Constable，頁 xix:


birdwatching

/ˈbɜː(ɹ)dˌwɒtʃ.ɪŋ/

girlwatching

觀察年輕美女（作為一種愛好）

In fact, on this night, the birdwatching is over for everyone, for the firing is cancelled. Nobody notifies birdwatchers officially, of course, so the exodus is scattered and gradual.

觀察年輕美女（作為一種愛好）

By the spring of 1968, they were the secular-singing O'Kaysion, and they had recorded a leering lyric about ogling babes for the peewee Northstate label. Local DJs, appreciating that bird-watching was a popular pastime for their listeners, rode the number as if it had a satin saddle.

1990，Wayne Jancik，The Billboard Book of One-Hit Wonders, →ISBN，頁 225:


birding

The time has come, however, for BirdLife Australia to foster debate about how to ensure that Australian bird names, birding and bird conservation are culturally and socially inclusive, and do not cause offence.

然而，现在是澳大利亚鸟盟开展辩论的时候了，讨论如何确保澳大利亚鸟类名称、观鸟和鸟类保护具有文化和社会包容性，并且不会引起冒犯。

2022，Stephen T. Garnett, Golo Maurer, Georgia E. Garrard，“Why Australian common bird names should respond to societal change”, in Emu: Austral Ornithology，卷 122, 期 2，頁 150:


mountainbike

Lacondeguy and Czech rider Tomas Zejda will take on New Zealand's Kelly McGarry and reigning champion Conor Macfarlane in a battle for the mountainbike crown.

2013年January25日，“Farm Jam tipped to be bigger than ever”, in Stuff:


emmer

最早見於1908年；借自德語 Emmer，源自中古高地德語 emeri，源自古高地德語 amari，派生自 amar(o)，而該詞又派生出了德語中已棄用的同義詞 Amelkorn (“斯佩耳特小麥”)。更久遠的詞源則未知。

同類詞：spelt、einkorn wheat

Emmer Wheat or Farro Emmer wheat, T. turgidum dicoccum, was probably the second wheat to be cultivated. It grew in warmer climates than einkorn, and became the most important cultivated form from the Near East through northern Africa and Europe until early Roman times, when it was superseded by durum and bread wheats. But pockets of emmer cultivation survived in parts of Europe, and emmer is now widely available under its Italian name, farro.

2004，Harold McGee，章號 9, in On Food and Cooking: The Science and Lore of the Kitchen，Scribner, →ISBN:


fustigator

There is, however, at any time much more to be advanced in favour of the operations of the Royal Academy of Arts than clumsy fustigators like Mr. George Moore imagine.

1903，Byron Webber，James Orrock, R. I., Painter, Connoisseur, Collector:


funerate

源自拉丁語 fūnerātus, fūnerō (“安葬”) 的過去分詞，源自 fūnus, fūneris (“喪葬，葬禮”)。參見 funeral。

funerates (third-person singular present)
funerating (present participle)
funerated (past participle)

my desideratum is , to be debonnairly funerated in a feateous requietory

July 4 1844，Samuel Klinefelter Hoshour，letter to Lorenzo Altisonant:


galeate

源自拉丁語 galeatus, galeare (“以頭盔覆蓋”) 的過去分詞。

[…]it has been transformed, except in a few taxa where lobules are always explanate, into a galeate water-sac, which is formed wholly from the lobule, with the external surface from the adaxial leaf surface.

1992年，魯道夫馬蒂亞斯舒斯特，The Hepaticae and Anthocerotae of North America: East of the Hundredth Meridian，卷 V, 伊州芝加哥: 菲爾德自然史博物館, →ISBN，頁 4:


geminous

geminous teeth

And this the practice of Christians hath acknowledged, who have baptized these geminous births.

1672, Sir Thomas Browne, Pseudodoxia Epidemica (6th edition, book 3, chapter 15)

The reader will also observe that in the example just cited 'justice' is rendered by 'equality and justice;' on the same page he will find carelessness and inadvertency' where the original has only neglect; and so he will find throughout the book such geminous and even tergeminous renderings to the number of at least two hundred.

1861 March，“Critical Notices of Works on India and the East”, in Calcutta Review，卷 36，頁 v:


propelling

And, in proportion as one feels this power (love born of God) he feels the urgings, promptings, and propellings, to contend for and win Christ: […]

1901，Rebecca Anna Phillips，Led by a Way I Knew Not:


suffuse

源自拉丁語 suffundō。

suffuses (third-person singular present)
suffusing (present participle)
suffused (past participle)

像液體一樣擴散、遍佈、洋溢、充斥

The warmth suffused his cold fingers.

温暖传到了他冰冷的手指上。

Marie's face was suffused with a sleepy, appreciative look.

1983，Robert Ferro，The Family of Max Desir，頁 87:

His newest work, The Beach Bum, shares a gauzy neon aesthetic and Florida setting with Spring Breakers, and it’s marked by the usual plethora of drug use, free love, and pirate’s-life-for-me lawlessness that suffuses every Korine movie.

2019年March28日，David Sims，“A Portrait of the Artist as a Perpetually Stoned Beach Bum”, in The Atlantic:


suffuse

源自拉丁語 suffundō。

more suffuse (comparative)
most suffuse (superlative)

This limonite-colored mud is most often very suffuse and only faintly apparent.

1912，New York State Museum，Annual Report，頁 243:

Most of us mortals choose a very suffuse, dim light to have in our room, others push the switch to the maximum.

2014，Rita Petrini，Through the Curtain of Time and Space, →ISBN:


gubernator

* 源自拉丁語 gubernātor (“統治者，治理者”)，源自 gubernō (“統治，治理”) + -tor，因此是 governor 的同源對似詞。
* 或gubernatorial 的逆構詞，源自同一拉丁語詞。

The Egyptians, when they introduce God under the Symbolic Image of one that governes a Ship, thereby signifie his Domination and Empire as Gubernator of the Universe. For as a Gubernator of a Ship […]

1677，Theophilus Gale，The Court of the Gentiles，頁 469:

Marcus Minutius Mude, a soldier of the sixth legion victorious, in performance of a vow, dedicated the altar to the African, Italian, Gallican (Goddesses, the) Mothers, to the Gubernator of the Sixth Legion. The writer confessed there was some inconsistency in the dedications to the Matres, &c., and to the Gubernator; […]

1863，John McCaul，Britanno-Roman Inscriptions: With Critical Notes，頁 222:

2003 September，“Stanford poll: Terminator in lead to become gubernator”, in Silicon Valley Business Journal, title:

So, why don't we send the gubernator back to Austria,[…]and sponsor a collective effort to repeal the Loud Pipes Law and that ludicrous Healthcare Abomination.

2010年September30日，Hagar，“California's Gubernator caves ...”, in alt.alien.visitors (Usenet):

So what test did Gubernator Perry pass to became such a brain dead dipshit?

2013年May24日，ChasNemo，“Texas Sheriff Exam ...”, in alt.alien.visitors (Usenet):


gubernatrix

The year 1527 marked Felice's tenth anniversary as gubernatrix of the Bracciano Orsini.

1527年是费利斯担任布拉恰诺奥尔西尼领主的十周年。

2005，Caroline P. Murphy，The Pope's Daughter，頁 VI:


grasser

This grasser had to be pushing 45-50 lb.

2003年June30日，David Lee，“Flathead Frenzy”, in alt.fishing.catfish (Usenet):

Obviously if you see a grasser eat something–a bee, wasp, or mayfly–go that way fast!

2021，Drew Ross，“Pro Tips: How to Catch Grass Carp on the Fly”, in Orvis.com，存檔自the original on 2021-06-14:


big brother

相比較的事物中較大的一個

While the little MTU Vee-12s in the Class 800 bi-mode generating units have lower overall emissions than their big brothers in the Class 43 IC125 power cars, in the case of CO₂, when you burn a litre of diesel fuel you get 2.8kg of CO₂. [a possible error in the original text]

2019 October，Roger Ford，“WCP award - victory for DfT reactionaries”, in Modern Railways，頁 32:


aver

繼承自中古英語 averren，源自古法語 averer，源自早期中世紀拉丁語 advērō，派生自拉丁語 vērus (“真的”)。對照現代法語 avérer。

avers (third-person singular present)
averring (present participle)
avering (present participle)
averred (past participle)
avered (past participle)

A rare thing to ſee a yong man or woman, that liues idlely, and fares well, of what condition ſoeuer, not to bee in loue. Vbicumqꝫ ſecuritas, ibi libido dominatur, luſt & ſecurity domineere together, as Sᵗ Hierome auerreth.

1624，Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton]，“Causes of Heroicall Loue, Temperature, Full Diet, Idlenesse, Place, Climat, &c.”, in The Anatomy of Melancholy: […]，第2nd版, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC, partition 3, section 2, member 2, subsection 1，頁 209:

Now as to the Scriptures being the Word of God, and evidently known to be ſo, or evidencing themſelves to be ſo, and that of right, and properly they are to be ſo called; all which thou J. O. very abſolutely averreſt, […]

1660，Samuel Fisher，“[Rusticus ad Academicos in Exercitationibus Expostulatoriis, Apologeticis Quatuor. The Rustick’s Alarm to the Rabbies: Or, The Country Correcting the University and Clergy, and (Not without Good Cause) Contesting for the Truth, against the Nursing Mothers and Their Children. In Four Apologetical and Expostulatory Exercitations; …] The Third Apologetical, and Expostulatory Exercitation”, in The Testimony of Truth Exalted, […]，[London?]: [s.n.], 出版於 1679, →OCLC, chapter I，頁 411:

[T]he partial Infidel […] averreth the Sleep or Inſenſibility of the Soul both in good and bad perſons，源自the time of their Deceaſe hence until their Reſurrection; […]

1701，Lawrence Smith，“[First Discourse on 2 Timothy 1:10]”, in The Evidence of Things Not Seen: Or, The Immortality of the Human Soul, and the Separate Condition thereof in the Other World, Asserted and Made Manifest: […]，London: […] Thomas Speed, […], →OCLC，頁 1:

As Coroner, I must aver, I thoroughly examined her. / And she's not only merely dead, she's really most sincerely dead.

1939年August25日，“Ding-Dong! The Witch Is Dead”, in Yip Harburg 作詞, Harold Arlen 作曲, The Wizard of Oz (soundtrack), Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer:

Horticulturalist Richard Lighty has a form [of Trillium grandiflorum] that he avers to open almost a cerise-red.

1997，Frederick W. Case, Jr., Roberta B. Case，“The North American Trilliums”, in Trilliums，Portland, Or.: Timber Press, →ISBN，頁 109:

In the meantime, on 5 June 2000, the applicant had brought a civil action against the Prosecutor's Office. He alleged that the termination of his contract had been unlawful and sought reinstatement and compensation for loss of salary. He averred, inter alia, that the climate in the Supreme Cassation Prosecutor's Office had deteriorated as a result of the actions of the Chief Prosecutor.

2007年July26日，European Court of Human Rights (Fifth Section)，Peev v. Bulgaria (Application no. 64209/01)，Strasbourg, paragraph 19:

[W]hen Yara tells him he picked the losing side, he avers that he might just as soon head back to the Iron Islands—"But first, I'm gonna fuck the queen" [...]

2019年April14日，Alex McLevy，“Winter is Here on Game of Thrones’ Final Season Premiere (Newbies)”, in The A.V. Club，存檔自the original on 2020-12-18:

承認、證明或證實（某事物）的存在或发生，或提出这样做

[A]lthough thou averrest this, and averrest it truly, we are nevertheless constrained to plead guilty to the possession of so much of this sensibility [a refusal to hear details] (call it "sickly" if thou wilt) as that they case once proved, our feeling of duty refuses to sustain us any longer against that combined and overwhelming influence of shattered nerves and a sickened heart.

1841 December，R[ichard] R[obert] Madden，“Address on Slavery in Cuba, Presented to the General Anti-slavery Convention”, in The Churchman’s Monthly Review，London: R. B. Seeley and W. Burnside; and sold by L. and G. Seeley, […], →OCLC，頁 705:


Nynorsk

借自挪威語 nynorsk (“現代挪威語”，字面意思是“新挪威語”)。

While 85-90% of Norwegians today use Bokmål as their written standard, Nynorsk is only used by about 10-15% of the population. Fosse’s English translator Damion Searls says many Nynorsk speakers see him “as a kind of national hero” for his championing of the language.

如今，85-90%的挪威人使用书面挪威语作为书写标准，而使用新挪威语的人口仅占10-15%。Fosse 的英语翻译 Damion Searls 说，许多新挪威语使用者都视他为“某种民族英雄”，因为他支持该语言。

2023年October5日，Philip Oltermann，“Jon Fosse’s Nobel prize announces his overdue arrival on the global stage”, in The Guardian, →ISSN:


siheyuan

源自官話 四合院 (sìhéyuàn)的漢語拼音轉寫。

Traditional ssu ho yuan, the former homes of courtiers, both mission dwellings consisted of clusters of single-storied, gray-tiled pavilions built around shady courtyards adorned with rock gardens, lotus pools, and ancient fruit trees.

[1988，Anthony Grey，Peking: A Novel of China's Revolution, 1921-1978，Little, Brown and Company, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 54:


abacinate

源自晚期拉丁語 abacinātus, abacinō 的完成時被動分詞；可能由 ab (“離，出”) + bacīnum (“盆”) 或 bacīnus 組成。可能與現代意大利語 abbacinare (“使目眩，使眼花”) 同源。

abacinates (third-person singular present)
abacinating (present participle)
abacinated (past participle)

用燒紅的金屬棒或金屬板使人失明

"You young scapegrace," said Dandolo, "I will myself abacinate you — in the Venetian way." "How's that?" "Blind your eyes with the glare, not of hot irons, but of new ducats. Count your pile."

Their straining eyes abacinated by the cup of terror, their throats stopped, their powers dead within them, they hung breathless, motionless.

1945，Robert Hardy Andrews，Burning Gold，頁 196:

Abacinate, eyes that bleed, praying for the end of your wide awake nightmare.

1986，Jeff Hanneman （作曲作詞）, “Angel of Death”, in Reign in Blood，演出者 Slayer:

This chiasmic image of the subject's imperviousness suggests a sensory deprivation beyond sublimity, like that of abacinated anti-epistemology.

1999，Srinivas Aravamudan，Tropicopolitans, →ISBN，頁 220:


songer

可能繼承自中古英語 songere (方言)，繼承自古英語 sangere，繼承自原始日耳曼語 *sangwārijaz (“歌手，歌唱者”)，與德語 Sänger、荷蘭語 zanger等同源，等價於 song + -er。或是上述詞素的現代構詞。

If a man who plays at ping pong is a "ponger," Then a singer of a "singsong" is a "songer"; If the "songer" is a singer. Then the "ponger" is a "pinger," And the man who says it's wrong must be a "wronger."

Will he sing it, I wonder?"
"Chantoozie, I ain't much of a songer any more. I just done that because I was told it was a colorful trait."

1976，Katie Lee，Ten Thousand Goddam Cattle:

No sound of songers chirping or jumbies, foraging for nuts.

2012，Susan St. Francis，A Tale of the Bug Fairies:


somniate

somniates (third-person singular present)
somniating (present participle)
somniated (past participle)

...but our powers not always in the same state of action, nor equally attentive to or rententive of the hints that were given, or things might be rendered more or less intelligible to us, as the powers of our soul were more or less dozed or somniated with the oppression of vapours from the body, which occasions sleep;

So much for the "safety benefit" of those somniating 100/110kph

2003年October2日，AlexT，“NJ cracks down on sleepy drivers that kill”, in talk.politics.misc (Usenet):

As for Dreams, and the diversity of them, with their significations, we shall be more large in our second part, when we shall treat of somniating Physiognomy; but in the mean time consider these Rules, and their Interpretations, for they are worthy the observation.

1671，Richard Saunders，Saunders Physiognomie, and Chiromancie, Metoposcopie:

The translation, by Malcolm C. Lyons and Ursula Lyons, shines like moonlight and magic mirrors, stimulates and somniates, echoes and recycles like a dream ...

2010 March/April，Willis G. Regier，“Shahrazad's New Clothes”, in World Literature Today，卷 84, 號 2:


haltere

源自古希臘語 ἁλτῆρες (haltêres，“手中握着的重物，用来推动跳跃”)。需要注意的是在古希臘語原文當中，ἁλτῆρες (haltêres)似乎沒有單數形式，一些權威詞典認為 halteres 是唯複名詞，但在英語昆蟲學用法中，haltere 有時作為逆構詞出現。有時則會使用單數形式 halter，但可能會與同形不同義的用法混淆。

Whenever the fly changes direction at an angle to the hinge, the shaking bends the halteres at their base and turns them into a gyroscope.

2022，Thomas Halliday，Otherlands，Penguin, 出版於 2023，頁 166:


abbreviature

源自中世紀拉丁語 abbreviātūra，源自晚期拉丁語 abbreviō (“縮短，縮寫”)。參見 abbreviate。

/əˈbɹi.vi.əˌt͡ʃʊɹ/

節略；摘要；摘錄；概括 （自16世紀末）

This is an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a Christian.

詞語、短語的縮寫 （自17世紀中葉）

The hand of PROVIDENCE writes often by abbreviatures, hieroglyphicks or short characters […]

1716，Thomas Browne，Christian Morals，第2nd版, London: J. Payne, 出版於 1756, Part I, p. 37:


sopite

拉丁語 sopitus，sopire (“使入睡”) 的過去分詞。

sopites (third-person singular present)
sopiting (present participle)
sopited (past participle)

... Balmawhapple could not, by the code of honour, evite giving satisfaction to ... Edward by such a palinode as rendered the use of the sword unnecessary, and which, being made and accepted, must necessarily sopite the whole affair.

1814，Sir Walter Scott，Waverley; or, 'Tis Sixty Years Since:


studying

學習；研究（動作、行為）

Yea, I have to charge thee further, before men and angels, with thy studyings and contrivances, the deepest and most intense thoughts of heart thou hast had […]

1839，Nathaniel Ranew，Solitude improved by divine meditation:


supplanter

Selfishness is indeed the supplanter of God in the soul.

1906，James H. McConkey，“Jacob's Struggle”, in China's Millions，頁 13:

What with the increased cost and the continued element of unreliability that these facts mean, I don't see in hydro-electricity more than an eker-out of coal and oil, not a supplanter.


naufragate

naufragates (third-person singular present)
naufragating (present participle)
naufragated (past participle)

All which Proposals we are resolved by Gods gracious assistance with unanimity, constancy, and activity, in our several stations, with our lives and fortunes, to prosecute and accomplish, to our powers, by all just and legal wayes, with what ever else may conduce to the Peace, Safety, Unitie, Wealth, Prosperity of our Lacerated, Macerated, Naufragated Church and State; […]

1660，Thomas Fuller，A happy handfull, or Green hopes in the blade; in order to a harvest, of the several shires, humbly petitioning, or heartily declaring for peace， […] John Williams […]，頁 48:

[…] the reſtoring of collapſed Honour to the Nations, and of juſt Rights to all orders therein; ( which have been ſo many years obſtruded) the reviving of Trade, the eaſing of Preſſures,the reducing of theſe wofully toſſed and naufragated Kingdoms unto Calmneſs and Serenity again, […]

1660，Edward Reynolds，The Meanes and Method of Healing in the Church， […] Tho. Ratcliffe, for George Thomason，頁 24:

And therefore although Gretſerus [k] be pleas'd to be diſpleas'd with this derivation thereof, yet it is ſuppoſed that others without the leaſt hazard of Naufragating their Art of Gloſſographie, may ſecurely caſt Anchor and ſafely acquieſce therein.

1661，John Godolphin，章號 I, in Συνήγορος θαλασσιος. A Vievv of the Admiral Jurisdiction，London，頁 7:

And very few, if any, would they but weight aright, the vaſt diſproportion that is betwixt their preſent earthly ſhadows and this moſt subſtancial bleſſedneſs, would ever turn their backs on Chriſt, or Naufragate, and make Shipwrack of the Faith, to ſecure the former, and hereby deprive themſelves to eternity of the latter.

1673，John Hickes，A Discourse of the Excellency of the Heavenly Substance，London，頁 28:

Clench's English, is of a piece with his Tuscan. For example, "Peter signifies an inexpugnable rock, able to evacuate all the plots of hell's divan, and naufragate all the lurid designs of empoisoned heretics."

1850，Thomas Babington Macaulay，章號 VI, in The History of England from the Accession of James II，卷 II, Boston: Phillips, Sampson and Company，頁 87:

Among others^([sic，意為other]) lessons that could be derived from the Gulf War, this event showed the inner limits to ICT propaganda. The attempt to legitimise the war and to make it morally more acceptable by people because, thanks to ICT, it was an entirely new type of war, i.e. a “clean” and “quick” war without human killing naufragated clamorously, not only for the shame of military establishment but also of media that uncritically supported and propagated such a claim.

1993，Facing the Challenge of Risk and Vulnerablity in an Information Society: […]，IFIP，頁 304:


habilitator

If the mine itself and its machinery, stores, and other valuable things that form part of the undertaking, should be attached and sold in execution, the provisions of the foregoing articles shall be observed in favor of the habilitators, as to the preference of their several claims among themselves, and with regard to the other creditors.

1892，Alejandro K. Coney，The Legal and Mercantile Handbook of Mexico，頁 177:


hebetant

源自拉丁語 hebetāns，hebetō (“使迟钝，使麻木”) 的現在分詞。

more hebetant (comparative)
most hebetant (superlative)

This morning, May 2, 1662, having first broken my fast upon eggs and cooling salades, mellows, watercresses, those herbes, according to Villanovus his prescription, who disallows the use of meat in a morning as gross, fat, hebetant, feral, altogether fitter for wild beasts than man […]

a. 1834，Charles Lamb，Curious Fragments extracted from a common-place book, which belonged to Robert Burton […] :


keirin

競輪賽，場地自由車比賽項目

The keirin is one of the few track cycling events not originating in the West, having been developed in Japan. […] Keirin is extrememly popular in Japan, in particular because of gambling on the races.

2011，Bill Mallon, Jeroen Heijmans，Historical Dictionary of Cycling，Scarecrow Press, →ISBN，頁 113:

Japan, however, has developed the distinctive cycling subculture of Keirin racing. Launched in Japanese velodromes in 1948 as a state regulated system designed to cream-off a percentage of stake money to support Japan's newly reconstituted bicycle industry […]

2016，Glen Norcliffe，Critical Geographies of Cycling: History, Political Economy and Culture，Routledge, →ISBN:


secede

源自拉丁語 secedere，源自 se- (“分開”) + cedere (“去”)。

secedes (third-person singular present)
seceding (present participle)
seceded (past participle)

脫離、退出（政治聯盟或組織）

We can secede from the United Kingdom any time we want.

2007年July5日，“Writers declare independence for Wirral”, in Wirral Globe, retrieved 2007-07-11:

“The horror, the horror”, said venture capitalist Shervin Pishevar, an Uber investor who made a call for California to secede from the US.

“太可怕了，太可怕了”，Uber投资者、曾呼吁加州脱离美国的风险投资家谢尔文·皮谢瓦说。

2024年July20日，Tabby Kinder, George Hammond, Hannah Murphy, Alex Rogers，引 Shervin Pishevar, “Has Silicon Valley gone Maga?”, in FT Weekend, Big Read，頁 6:

使脫離、退出（政治聯盟或組織）

At the same time, Nolan also secretly contracted with the crafty United States Army general James Wilkinson to organize some men to secede Texas from Spanish America.

与此同时，诺兰还秘密与狡猾的美国陆军将军詹姆斯·威尔金森签订合同，组织一些人将德克萨斯从西班牙美洲分离出去。

2002，Darryl E. Brock，“José Agustín Quintero: Cuban Patriot in Confederate Diplomatic Service”, in Cubans in the Confederacy: José Agustín Quintero, Ambrosio José Gonzales, and Loreta Janeta Velazquez，Ed. Phillip Thomas Tucker, publ. McFarland, →ISBN，頁 103:

A Spanish Supreme Court probe into last year's attempt to secede Catalonia from Spain wraps up Friday with the judge expected to charge 28 regional politicians and separatist leaders with offenses that may include rebellion.

西班牙最高法院对去年加泰罗尼亚脱离西班牙企图的调查于周五结束，法官预计将对28名地区政客和分离主义领导人提出包括叛乱在内的多项罪名指控。

2018，“The Latest: Europe arrest warrants for 6 Catalan separatists”, in ABC News，The Associated Press:


seditious

more seditious (comparative)
most seditious (superlative)

There may not be anything seditious about his music, but plundering and ravaging the tracks needed to create it requires a spirit of rebellion at odds with corporate organization. Enterprise mashup may be an oxymoron.

2010，Jonathon Keats，Virtual Words: Language on the Edge of Science and Technology，Oxford University Press, →ISBN，頁 112:


ablaqueate

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 ablaqueātus，ablaqueō (“翻起或鬆開樹周圍的土壤”) 的過去分詞，源自 ab- + laqueō (“套住，纏住”)。

ablaqueates (third-person singular present)
ablaqueating (present participle)
ablaqueated (past participle)

鬆土使（樹根）裸露 （(1350 - 1470) 至18世紀中葉）

After the autumnal equinox they were to be ablaqueated like the vines. Every third year they were to be dunged, and after some years (generally the eighth) to be pruned; for there was an old saying, to wit, eum qui aret olivetum rogare fructum; qui stercoret exorare; qui caedat cogere.

1847，Thomas Keightley，The Bucolics and Georgics of Virgil:


paper money

仿譯自漢語 紙錢／纸钱 (zhǐqián)。

儘管在書面作品中並不少見，但在英語口語中並不常用。另外，此詞通常與動詞 burn 搭配，即 burn paper money ― 燒紙錢。

Moreover, you say that serving Fuh is a profitable service; that if you burn paper money, present offerings, and keep fasts before the face of your god Fuh, he will dissipate calamities, blot out your sins, increase your happiness, and prolong your age!

此外，你还可以说侍奉福神是一项有利可图的礼拜；如果你在福神面前焚烧纸钱、献上供品并斋戒，他将消除你的灾祸罪孽、增加你的幸福、延长你的寿命！

1848，Samuel Wells Williams，The Middle Kingdom: A Survey of the Chinese Empire and its Inhabitants，頁 558:

Tablets in honour of the dead are set up in every house over a sort of family altar; and at certain times flowers are offered and paper-money is burned at these shrines.

每家每户都会在类似家庭祭坛的地方供奉牌位，以纪念死者；在特定时间，人们会在这些神龛上献上鲜花、焚烧纸钱。

1873，William Curry, Jun., & Company，The Dublin University Magazine，卷 81，頁 393:

Tsze Chien means “paper money” – not the real bank notes which are so extensively used in China as money but the make-believe tinsel money which the Chinese burn as part of their religious worship.

“纸钱”的意思是“纸做的钱币”——并非中国广泛使用的真正的钞票，而是中国人在宗教礼拜中焚烧的仿制钱。

1893，Henry Addison Nelson, Albert B. Robinson，The Church at Home and Abroad，頁 108:

People had also begun to burn paper money (it was believed that burning transformed it into real money that could be used by the departed souls in hades) instead of placing actual coins in the tombs.

人们也开始焚烧纸钱（人们相信焚烧纸钱可以使其变成真正的钱币，供冥界的亡灵使用），而不是在坟墓中放置真正的硬币。

1931，United States National Museum，Proceedings of the United States National Museum，卷 80，頁 75:

“Let’s burn the paper money,” Mai Mai said. She brought out a stack of yellow paper from her pocket – coarse paper with small circles cut in it to represent coins. Longevity lighted the paper money and kowtowed another time.

1967，C. Y. Lee，The land of the golden mountain，頁 175:

The paper money for the spirits consisted of imitations either of metal coins or of real money, but the latter had different sets of inscriptions and patterns to distinguish it from counterfeit money.

1985，Joseph Needham, Tsien Tsuen-Hsuin，Science and Civilisation in China，頁 102:

After paying homage to the departed, the ritual is concluded by a libation of rice wine poured on to an additional stack of burning paper money.

在向逝者表达敬意之后，向另一叠燃烧的纸钱上倒上米酒，仪式便结束了。

1996，Joo Ee Khoo，The Straits Chinese: A Cultural History，頁 53:

Supplicants burn paper money and joss sticks, and pray for good fortune to the temple deity, Tua Pek Kong.

信徒们焚烧纸钱和香，向庙里的神灵大伯公祈求好运。

2003，Charles de Ledesma, Mark Lewis, Pauline Savage，The rough guide to Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei，頁 414:

Many societies follow traditional funeral rites and practices. In China, this may involve burning paper money or possessions for the deceased to use in the afterlife.

许多社会都遵循传统的葬礼仪式和习俗。在中国，葬礼可能包括焚烧纸钱或遗物，供死者在来世使用。

2007，Catherine Chambers，End-of-life rituals，頁 7:

If a mourner is either Taoist or Buddhist they may hold a burning joss stick while bowing. A family member will usually be kneeling nearby to burn joss sticks and paper money.

如果吊唁者是道教徒或佛教徒，他们可能会手持一枝香鞠躬行礼。家庭成员通常会跪在旁边焚香和纸钱。

2016，Kelly Jackson-Nash，CultureShock! Singapore，頁 [unpaginated]:

Built in the early 19th century by the first Hokkien and Cantonese settlers in Penang, the temple isn’t so impressive architecturally, but it’s very central and popular with the Chinese community, and seems to be forever swathed in smoke from the outside furnaces where whorshippers burn paper money, and from the incense sticks waved around inside.

2017，Lonely Planet，Lonely Planet Discover Malaysia & Singapore: Top sights, authentic experiences，頁 [unpaginated]:


abductive

The logs showed that between 11:00 a.m. and 1:00 p.m. on the abductive day, 10,718 SIMs connected with the seven […] Some people in the kidnap zone would of course have called each other innocently, but […]

2010，Steve Hendricks，A Kidnapping in Milan: The CIA on Trial, →ISBN，頁 169:


faster-than-light

這是名詞前使用的形式。名詞後面使用的形式是 faster than light，例如：The laws of physics forbid faster-than-light travel.
物理定律禁止超光速傳播。 Tachyons travel at speeds faster than light.
快子以比光速還快的速度傳播。

Faster-than-light drives use element zero cores to reduce the mass of a ship, allowing higher rates of acceleration. This effectively raises the speed of light within the mass effect field, allowing high speed travel with negligible relativistic time dilation effects.

2008，BioWare，Mass Effect，Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →ISBN, →OCLC, PC，幕：FTL Drive Codex entry:


Nanri

源自官話 南日的漢語拼音。

鎮名，位於中國福建莆田秀嶼。

Among them, the raid against Nanjih and Tungshan were the largest in size and the lessons and experiences gained the greatest.[…]
4,500 Government troops sailed successively from Kinmen for Nanjih on 10 Oct., 1952. Due to heavy sea, the ships were not moored until 0630, 11 October.

其中以突袭南日、东山规模最大，教训经验也最多。……
1952年10月10日，国军4500余人先后由金门启航前往南日。由于海浪汹涌，直到11日早上6点30分，军舰才靠泊。

[1971，“Armed Forces Reorganization and National Recovery [军队改组与国家复兴]”, in Wen Ha-hsiung（譯者）, A Brief History of the Chinese National Revolutionary Forces [中國國民革命軍簡史]，第2nd版, Taipei: Chung Wu Publishing Co., →OCLC，頁 265:

The Nationalists also carried out guerrilla raids against Communist-held islands. For example, on 11 October 1952 five thousand Nationalist regulars and guerrillas raided Nanri Island, off the southern coast of Fujian.

国民党还对共产党控制的岛屿进行游击袭击。例如，1952年10月11日，5000名国民党正规军和游击队袭击了福建南部沿海的南日岛。

1982，Bruce Swanson，Eighth Voyage of the Dragon: A History of China's Quest for Seapower [龙的第八次航行：中国寻求海上力量的历史]，Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 186:

Fishermen carry a sedan chair and rush to the sea at Nanri Island in Putian, southeast China's Fujian Province, Feb. 22, 2019. This traditional custom named "Chonghai" represents the wishes about the safety of fishermen on the sea and a good harvest in fishing.

2月22日，渔民抬着花轿赶往福建省莆田市南日岛出海。这一传统习俗被称为“冲海”，寄托着对渔民出海平安、渔业丰收的美好祝愿。

2019年February26日，“Traditional custom "Chonghai" of Nanri Island in SE China's Fujian [中国东南部福建省南日岛传统习俗“冲海”]”, in China Internet Information Center，存檔自the original on 2019-04-28:


plaidoyer

In this plaidoyer for culture, I will argue that cultural differences are reflected in language in profound ways […]

2010，Guy Deutscher，Through the Language Glass，Arrow, 出版於 2011，頁 7:


byzantine

more byzantine (comparative)
most byzantine (superlative)

Byzantine的大小寫替代形式 (只用於比喻義項)

The result is a byzantine system of government directed by 160 ministers, a structure that absorbs 50 percent of Bosnia’s gross domestic product of $15 billion, according to the World Bank.

结果是，波斯尼亚政府体制如拜占庭般复杂，由160名部长领导，根据世界银行的数据，这一体制占用了波斯尼亚150亿美元国内生产总值的50%。

2008，Dan Bilefsky，“Fears of New Ethnic Conflict in Bosnia”, in New York Times:


era name

Cities were not infrequently named after the era name in which they were founded (e.g., Shaoxing 紹興 in Zhejiang, after the Shaoxing era, 1131-62).

2000，Endymion Wilkinson，“Geography”, in 漢語相關 History: A New Manual，第Rev. & enl.版, Harvard University Press, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 135:


ament

源自拉丁語 āmentum (“帶子”)。

柔荑花序 （自18世紀）

[T]he scales of the ament in the salix rosea, rose-willow, grow into leaves; and produce other kinds of monsters.

1789，Erasmus Darwin，The Loves of the Plants，J. Johnson，頁 9:


calcium chloride

The gases passed over a hot roll of copper gauze, then through a weighed calcium chloride tube, which absorbed the water, into an azotometer containing a concentrated solution of potassium hydroxide where the nitrogen was measured.

气体通过一卷热的铜丝网，然后通过一根称重的氯化钙管（吸收了水分），进入含有浓氢氧化钾溶液的定氮计，用于测量氮含量。

1885，American Journal of Science, 3rd Series, Volume 30，頁 57:


one-drop rule

一滴血規則（20世紀美國的種族劃分原則，認為對於一個人，只要其有一個祖先有黑人血統，就可以認定這個人是黑人）

[T]he notorious historian William Estabrook Chancellor […] helped assemble a controversial biographical portrait accusing President Warren Harding of covering up his family’s “colored” past. […] Under the one-drop rule of American race relations, Chancellor claimed, the country had inadvertently elected its “first Negro president.”

臭名昭著的历史学家威廉·埃斯塔布鲁克·钱斯勒) […] 帮助创作了一部备受争议的传记，指责沃伦·哈丁总统掩盖其家族的“有色人种”历史。 […] 钱斯勒声称，在美国种族关系的一滴血规则下，美国无意中选出了“第一位黑人总统”。

2008年April6日，Beverly Gage，“Our First Black President?”, in New York Times, retrieved 2017-01-08:


containerised

At the time, international deep-sea shipping remained a loose cargo operation, although BR did seek to influence conversion to unit loads by providing a containerised short sea shipping service between Harwich and Rotterdam in 1968.

2020年May20日，Industry Insider，“An online boost for freight”, in Rail，頁 68:


acescent

借自拉丁語 acēscēns, acēscentis，acēscēre (“變酸”) 的現在分詞，acēre (“是酸的，發酸”) 的起始動詞；對比法語 acescent。

more acescent (comparative)
most acescent (superlative)

The fluid was a pale yellow , thick , creamy - looking substance , of uniform consistency . It had a disagreeable acescent odour, something resembling that of putrecsent milk.

这种液体呈淡黄色，粘稠，呈奶油状，稠度均匀。它有令人不快的发酸气味，有点像腐烂的牛奶。

1826，Michael Faraday，“On Pure Caoutchouc, and the Substance by which it is accompanied in the State of Sap or Juice”, in Quarterly Journal of Science:

All kinds of malt liquor contain […] alcohol or spirit. They are of course weaker than wines, and in general more liable to become flat and acescent from this circumstance […]

1821，Friedrich Accum，A Treatise on the Art of Brewing，London: Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, & Brown，頁 10:


Jehovah

音譯自希伯來語 יְהֹוָה (yəhōwā)，馬所拉文本中聖經希伯來語יהוה（讀法各自紛紜）的發音。馬所拉文本的發音法為所謂的 qere perpetuum（在《塔纳赫》的礼拜仪式中，读出某个书面词时总会用固定的词替换），在本例中是把該詞替換讀成אֲדֹנָי (Adonai，“我的主”)。
在英語中，此詞最早是寫成 Iehoua，出自1530年的廷代爾譯本：
I appeared vnto Abraham Isaac and Iacob an allmightie God: but in my name Iehouah was I not knowne vnto them.（出埃及記 6:3）
廷代爾使用了 Iehouah，而非此前威克里夫譯本的 Adonay。欽定版聖經也在這一節當中使用了全本唯一的 Jehovah，其他地方均作 Lord。楊氏直譯本 (1898) 寫作 Jehovah。新欽定版聖經 (1982) 則使用了 Lord。

/d͡ʒə.ˈ həʊ.və/

2 And God spake vnto Moses, and said vnto him, I am the Lord.
3 And I appeared vnto Abraham, vnto Isaac, and vnto Iacob, by the Name of God Almighty, but by my name IEHOVAH was I not knowen to them.

2 神曉諭摩西說，我是耶和華。
3 我從前向亞伯拉罕、以撒、雅各、顯現為全能的神，至於我名耶和華，他們未曾知道。

1611，The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version)，London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, Exodus 6:2–3:

After Serena Williams’ win at Wimbledon today, she will likely say — as she usually does after a big win — “I want to thank Jehovah God.”[…]
“I have to thank Jehovah God for this,” Serena Williams told the crowd after receiving the trophy at the Australian Open in January, her sixth win there.

塞雷娜·威廉姆斯今天在温布尔登取得胜利后，就像她通常在取得重大胜利后说的那样，她可能会说：“我要感谢上帝耶和华。” […]
“我必须为此感谢上帝耶和华，”塞雷娜·威廉姆斯在一月份获得澳大利亚网球公开赛奖杯后对观众说道。这是她在澳网获得的第六个冠军。

2015年July11日，Kimberly Winston，“Serena Williams’ secret weapon: The surprising faith of the Wimbledon champ”, in The Washington Post, →ISSN, →OCLC，存檔自the original on 2015-07-14, Acts of Faith:


dyssynchronization

In this report, we describe a patient with a dual-chamber pacemaker with neglected or unresolved dyssynchronization that occurred 2 years after implantation.

在本報告中，我們描述了一位使用雙腔起搏器的患者，該患者在植入 2 年後出現了被忽視或未解決的同步不正確現象。

2014年August27日，Zeynettin Kaya et al.，“Is it a typical crosstalk: Need for re-implantation?”, in Journal of Arrhythmia，卷 31, →DOI:


judging

/ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒɪŋ/

It is the contrasts between blind and self-evident judgings and between blind and correct affective attitudes which provide Brentano with the beginnings of an account of the dynamics of the mind which involves more than merely causal claims.

2004，Dale Jacquette，The Cambridge Companion to Brentano，頁 75:


crimes

'Oh crimes,' muttered Kate, clutching her mother's arm as Captain went up St Martin's Lane and turned into Castle Street, 'He's goin' into Seven Dials.'

2006，Bowering Sivers，Jammy Dodgers Go Underground，頁 138:


esprit de corps

非同化借詞，源自法語 esprit de corps，源自 esprit (“精神”) + de (“的”) + corps (“身體”)。

/ɛˌspɹiː də ˈkɔː/

/ɛˌspɹi də ˈkɔɹ/

Always happening like that. The very moment. Girl in Eustace street hallway Monday was it settling her garter. Her friend covering the display of. Esprit de corps. Well, what are you gaping at?

1922 February，James Joyce，“[Episode 5: Lotus Eaters]”, in Ulysses，Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part II [Odyssey]，頁 71:

Also, much depended on an exceptional esprit de corps which permeated the whole staff, and achieved miracles of promptitude in such details as engine-changing and the marshalling of trains.

1946 May and June，J. Alan Rannie，“The Midland of 35 Years Ago”, in Railway Magazine，頁 135:


leukhæmia

In a brief appendix he details a few cases of leukhæmia, in two of which very notable improvements followed the use of arsenic for a time ; and the examinations of the blood seemed to show that this was due to the arsenic operating harmfully on the white corpuscles.

在一個簡短的附錄中，他詳細描述了幾例白血病病例，其中兩例在使用一段時間的砷後病情得到了非常顯著的改善；而血液檢查似乎表明，這是由於砷對白血球產生了有害作用。

1884，Sidney Coupland，“Anæmia and Allied Conditions”, in The Year‐Book of Treatment for 1884，頁 84:


octroy

繼承自中古英語 octroy，源自中古法語 octroyer，源自古法語 otroiier，源自拉丁語 auctōrizō。authorize 的同源對似詞。

octroys (third-person singular present)
octroying (present participle)
octroyed (past participle)

This is only, as usual, making an individual the scapegoat of an epoch! It is given to no man to octroy the liberty of peoples.

这只是像往常一样，让一个人成为时代的替罪羊！任何人都无权剥夺人民的自由。

1848，Frances Wright，England, the Civilizer: Her History Developed in Its Principles:

Meanwhile, however, preparations were already being made by the imperial court to impose the octroyed constitution (composed by the Interior Minister, Count Franz Stadion) on March 4, 1849, and to dissolve the Parliament on March 7.

但与此同时，帝国法庭已开始准备于1849年3月4日强制实施已得到授权的宪法（由内政部长弗朗茨·施塔登伯爵起草），并于3月7日解散议会。

2008，Oto Luthar，The Land Between: A History of Slovenia，頁 288:


all-night

同類詞：all-day

an all-night party

The former G.E.R. all-night service between Liverpool Street and Chingford, at hourly intervals, is revived.

1961 January，“The North-East London electrification of the Great Eastern Line”, in Trains Illustrated，頁 20:


yapper

狂吠的動物；大聲閒聊的人

If you want your pack to be a deterrent against burglars or muggers, forget about small dogs, yappers though they be. Focus on the larger breeds, particularly working stock with strong instinctual drives.

如果你想讓你的狗群成為防盜或搶劫的威懾力量，那麼就別考慮小狗了，儘管它們很愛吠。你應該關注體型較大的品種，特別是具有強烈本能驅動力的工作犬。

2004，Theresa Mancus，Who moved my bone?: a guide for multi-dog households，頁 25:

I have to admit I would have a lot more tolerance for cell phone yappers on my one-hour train ride to and from work if they were actually learning — instead of yelling […]

我必須承認，如果他們真的在學習，而不是大呼小叫，我會對在上下班一小時的火車車程中對手機大聲閒聊的人有更多的容忍度。


political party

I told the Governors that I had never questioned the capacity or the sincerity or the ability of a man because he belonged to a different political party. No party had an overriding claim to patriotism. The times, I said, demanded that we put away our differences and close ranks in a determined effort to make our system of government function.

我告訴州長們，我從未因為一個人屬於不同的政黨而懷疑他的能力、誠意或才能。沒有哪個政黨擁有壓倒一切的愛國主義。我說，時代要求我們放下分歧，團結一致，堅定不移地努力使我們的政府體系發揮作用。

1971，Lyndon Johnson，“"I feel like I have already been here a year"”, in The Vantage Point，Holt, Reinhart & Winston, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 28:


derogation

源自古法語 derogacion（對應法語 dérogation），源自拉丁語 dērogātiō。

/ˌdɛɹəˈɡeɪʃən/

Two sets of Mk. 2 coaches hauled by Class 37s were introduced on peak Rhymney services during the summer. The coaches do not comply with the Persons with Reduced Mobility (PRM) standards and would therefore need a derogation to continue in passenger service after 31 December.

2019 October，Rhodri Clark，“TfW seeks PRM derogation for Class 37 sets”, in Modern Railways，頁 87:


derogant

源自拉丁語 derogans (現在分詞)。

more derogant (comparative)
most derogant (superlative)

arrogant in man and derogant to God


angariate

angariates (third-person singular present)
angariating (present participle)
angariated (past participle)

Howſoeuer, if parting with a peece of money be ſuch a Preſſure to the husband for the Wines wilfulnes, what a miſerable Preſſing Crueltie was that to burne a woman great with Childe, which opening the wombe in the torments , and comming foorth, was Angariated as throwen backe into the fire, to bee conſumed with the Mother?

1609，William Barlow，An Ansvver to a Catholike English-man，London: […] Thomas Haneland for Mathew Law，頁 140:

Wherefore I could not but with Iacobs Angel giue them leaue to prevaile, & yeeld ſo farre unto their earneſt requeſt, that being angariated to goe but one mile, I was notwithstanding content to goe with them more then twaine , preaching(before my departure thence)divers ſermons vnto them.

1635，Iohn Downe，“To the Reader”, in A Treatise of the Trve Natvre and Definition of Justifying Faith， […] Iohn Lichfield for Edward Foreſt，頁 A2:

Therefore,though Chriſt hath commanded his Followers (ſo it be not I ſuppoſe out of his Way) that if any man preſs them to go one mile, they ſhould go two, yet it is not wiſdom in the Church to pretend to, or however to exerciſe, that Power of Angariating men further than their occaſions or underſtandings will permit.

1676，Andreas Rivetus [i.e., André Rivet]，Mr. Smirke, or, the Divine in Mode，頁 12:

Accordingly, he made up his mind to acquire a knowledge of the Hungarian dialects. Later on he sought to do the same with Italian; and he angariated his assistant at the church into becoming interested in the same studies.

1918，“Other Sheep Not of This Fold” (章號 XVII), in Pastor Halloft: A Story of Clerical Life，Longmans, Green and Co.，頁 157:


swanky

swankier (comparative)
swankiest (superlative)

His manner never had been modest or retiring. Now it was unmistakably swanky; he was putting on side to an extent that made fellows who observed him smile and shrug their shoulders.

1930，Frank Richards，The Magnet: Tale-Bearer in Chief:


besuited

Here, besuited men with earpieces ushered us into a black Mercedes with tinted windows. On arrival at our destination, more besuited men with earpieces searched our bags, and made photocopies of my press card.

2010，Andrew Mueller, Douglas A. Martin，I Wouldn't Start from Here:


gelateria

借自意大利語 gelateria，源自 gelato (“冰淇淋”) + -eria。

/dʒəˌlatəˈɹiːə/

/d͡ʒəˌlætəˈɹi.ə/

As such, gelaterie are just as much a part of the Roman experience as the ancient Colosseum and the Forum.

因此，冰淇淋店与古罗马斗兽场和古罗马广场一样，是罗马体验的重要组成部分。

A death-by-chocolate option you are unlikely to find in restaurants but is a speciality in some gelaterie and cafés is the gianduiotto, a little slab of gianduia chocolate ice cream surmounted by a cup of whipped cream.

2006，Damien Simonis，Venice，Lonely Planet Publications, →ISBN，頁 155:

Forty years later, in a bustling downtown with more than its share of students, homeless people and gelaterias, Berkeley Rep occupies two sleek, custom-built theaters.

2008年March2日，Joy Goodwin，“Left Coast Ideas, Floating East”, in New York Times:

Claudia and I are suckers for gelato, and when you walk through Florence, gelaterie are everywhere.

克劳迪娅和我都非常喜欢吃意式冰淇淋，当你走在佛罗伦萨时，你会发现到处都是冰淇淋店。

2013，Jeff Michaud，Eating Italy: A Chef’s Culinary Adventure，Running Press, →ISBN:

While there are still some old-fashioned gelaterie making gelato with natural ingredients such as real fruit and nuts, the majority of places you run into in the more heavily “touristed” areas of town churn their ice cream from premade mixes or buy industrially premade gelato.

虽然仍有一些老式的冰淇淋店使用真正的水果和坚果等天然成分制作冰淇淋，但在城镇中“游客较多”的地区遇到的大多数地方，都是使用预先制作的混合物来制作冰淇淋或购买工业预制的冰淇淋。

2015，Elizabeth Minchilli，Eating Rome: Living the Good Life in the Eternal City，New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Griffin, →ISBN，頁 171:


alma mater

源自拉丁語 alma māter (字面意思是“母親的哺乳”)。衍生自歐洲最古老的大學———波隆那大學（博洛尼亞大學）的全稱("Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna")。

almae matres (plural)
alma maters (plural)

/ˌælmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/

/ˌɑːlmə ˈmɑːtə(ɹ)/

I’m in the place where I grew up, where my alma mater is.

我在我成長的地方，也是我的母校所在地。

2021年December29日，Stephen Roberts，“Stories and facts behind railway plaques: Evesham (1870)”, in RAIL，期 947，頁 58:


arride

arrides (third-person singular present)
arriding (present participle)
arrided (past participle)

Above all thy rarities, old Oxenford, what do most arride and solace me are thy repositories of mouldering learning.

1823，Charles Lamb，Essays of Elia: Oxford In The Vacation:


iffy

iffier (comparative)
iffiest (superlative)

dodgy

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

dubious

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

fishy

真实性或合法性值得怀疑的

The weather is still iffy for Saturday's rocket launch.

周六的火箭发射天气仍然不太理想。

That potato salad smells a bit iffy. Don't chance it — it's not worth salmonellosis.

土豆沙拉的味道有点怪。别冒险——不值得冒沙门氏菌病的风险。

“He’s underground, anyway, so reception would be iffy.”

2020，N. K. Jemisin，The City We Became，Orbit，頁 416:

"Definitely something iffy, that's for sure.”


Locktober

一項活動或挑戰，參與者在整個十月都將貞操鎖戴在陰莖上，鑰匙通常由其伴侶或支配者保管

It's "Locktober" again, the month where men willingly lock their genitalia up in chastity devices in the hopes of making it "hands-free" for 31 days.

又到了“貞操十月”，在這個月，男人們自願將自己的生殖器鎖在貞操裝置中，希望能在 31 天內“解放雙手”。

2018年October25日，Key Barrett [pseudonym]，“What spending two weeks in a chastity device taught me about my sexuality and my marriage”, in 獨立報，倫敦: Independent News & Media, →ISSN, →OCLC:

Male chastity describes the act of attaching a device to your cock that prevents you from masturbating or having sex–this can also be done by your lover or Dom/me in service to them or an event like Locktober. Most chastity devices stop you from being able to get an erection. That's half the fun.

男性禁慾是指將一個裝置安裝到你的陰莖上，以防止你自慰或發生性行為——這也可以由你的愛人或支配者在為他們服務或參加貞操十月等活動時完成。大多數貞操裝置會阻止你勃起。這就是樂趣的一半。

2022年October6日，Demeter DeLune，“How to use a chastity cage (on you or your sub)”, in The Daily Dot，存檔自the original on 2023-08-28:

Just as Halloween decorations at CVS have become the harbinger of fall, an uptick in conversations about male chastity can only mean October—or Locktober—is around the corner.

正如 CVS 的萬聖節裝飾已成為秋天的預兆一樣，有關男性禁慾的討論增多只能意味著十月（或著叫貞操十月）即將來臨。

2023年September30日，Emell Derra Adolphus，“Locktober: How Giving Up Control of Your Penis Can Set You Free”, in The Daily Beast，存檔自the original on 2023-10-05:


underfed

more underfed (comparative)
most underfed (superlative)

[B]ut greater Bombay almost doubles the number of overworked, underhoused and underfed citizens.

但大孟买地区劳累过度、住房不足和营养不良的公民数量几乎增加了一倍。

1969，Allen V. Ross，Vice in Bombay，London: Tallis Press，頁 160:


Paleolithic

We find material evidences of magical practices in the European caves of the Palæolithic age[.]

我们在欧洲旧石器时代的洞穴中发现了施魔法的物证。

1936，Rollo Ahmed，The Black Art，London: Long，頁 18:


police station

When the ballots were opened on 19 November, Hsu Hsin-liang’s supporters at a polling station in Chungli City suspected fraud. As the crowd swelled to approximately a thousand, rioting erupted. One protester was killed and the Chungli police station was burned.

11月19日开票时，中坜市投票站内，许信良的支持者怀疑有舞弊行为，现场人数增至近千人，随即爆发骚乱，一名抗议者被杀，中坜警察局被烧毁。

1999，Shelley Rigger，“Political reform under Chiang Ching-kuo (1972-1988) [蔣經國治下（1972-1988）的政治改革]”, in Politics in Taiwan: Voting for democracy [台灣政治：為民主投票]，Routledge, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC，頁 115:

In trying to stop him from exploiting more children, I was ensuring my parents and my siblings would be ostracised. She begged me not to go to the police station.

为了阻止他继续剥削更多的孩子，我注定要让我的父母和兄弟姐妹被排斥。她恳求我不要去警察局。

2014年August29日，Ruzwana Bashir，“The untold story of how a culture of shame perpetuates abuse. I know, I was a victim [羞耻文化如何助长虐待行为的不为人知故事。我知道，我是一个受害者]”, in The Guardian:


rebase

rebases (third-person singular present)
rebasing (present participle)
rebased (past participle)

When a DLL must be loaded at an address different from its preferred address (because the preferred address is unavailable), the kernel must rebase the DLL, which consists of updating (fixing up) all addresses in the DLL so that they refer to its new location in memory.


retcon

retroactive (“追溯的”) + continuity (“連續性”) 組成的混成詞。retroactive continuity（追溯連貫性）一詞由《群星中队》等超級英雄漫畫的作者 Roy Thomas 推廣開來，他稱這個詞出自一位匿名人士。

補充與修正虛構文學作品中之前已發表的故事：吃書

TLC: What do you say to the Legion fans who have become disenfranchised with the series due to its various retcons and reboots?

TLC：对于《军团》系列因各种吃书和重启而失去兴趣的粉丝，您想对它们说些什么呢？

2003，Glen Cadigan，The Legion Companion，頁 152:

Fans talk of retcon—retroactive continuity—giving information that explains an earlier event, especially seeming plot contradictions or lacunae.

2005，Rhonda Wilcox，Why Buffy Matters: The Art of Buffy the Vampire Slayer，頁 9:

It's a little trick called retcon, short for "retroactive continuity," […]
Yet I'm unsure even Millar is fully aware of the power given him by the retcon.

2006，The Man from Krypton: A Closer Look at Superman，頁 155:


retcon

retcons (third-person singular present)
retconning (present participle)
retconned (past participle)

補充與修正虛構文學作品中之前已發表的故事：吃書

While ‘retconning' the scripts, I came up with a number of theories that throw new light on the Doctor, his past, and various other elements[…]

2003，Jean-Marc Lofficier，The Nth Doctor，頁 5:

A lot of people were like, "Oh, they just retconned their own continuity. They should have used Kyle. I don't like that." So we just threw Kyle in there to say, "No, no, Kyle's still there. He still exists in the animated universe; he's just not stationed on Earth at the moment, regularly."

2004，Eric Nolen-Weathington，Modern Masters Volume 3: Bruce Timm，頁 79:

Retroactive continuity (aka retconning), would reveal that Quicksilver and Scarlet Witch are also Magneto's children, showing that this was a guy who was really committed to his cause

2006, Len Wein, ed., The Unauthorized X-Men: SF and Comic Writers on Mutants, Prejudice, and Adamantium 92:

Luthor appeared a handful of times, Gary "retconned" the Toyman and created Terra-Man, and Superman would get a worthy opponent whenever Len Wein did a fill-in.

2006, Michael Eury, Daniel (CON) Best, Glen (CON) Cadigan, Mike (CON) Esposito, David (CON) Mandel, The Krypton Companion, p. 157:

There’s a note of wistful, wishful thinking in all this retconning of reality — would that we could write a time jump into our own scripts!

2022年January7日，James Poniewozik，“Wondering When the Pandemic Will End? On TV, It Already Has.”, in The New York Times, →ISSN:


come to mind

comes to mind (third-person singular present)
coming to mind (present participle)
came to mind (past)
come to mind (past participle)

Sarcastic comments came to mind, but I said nothing.

心里涌现出一些讽刺的评论，但我什么也没说。

2001，Bill MacDonald，Patagonian odyssey: a travel memoir，頁 157:


stat

借自拉丁語 statim (“立即”)。

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stat.wav

TBH, I’d get to shopping STAT because these hoodies will for sure sell like hotcakes once season 2 premieres on June 28. So make sure to snag one for yourself before they sell out and mark your calendar for the big day!

老实说，我要马上入手了，因为一旦6月28日第二季首播，这些连帽衫肯定会大卖特卖。所以一定要在售罄之前给自己买一件，并在日历上标记出这一天！

2022年June27日，Megan Uy，“Where to Get That Cute Tie-Dye Hoodie on ‘Only Murders in the Building’（哪里可以买到《破案三人行》中那件可爱的扎染连帽衫）”, in Cosmopolitan:


stat

statistic (“統計量”) 的截斷形式。

stats (third-person singular present)
statting (present participle)
statted (past participle)

stat out

為（遊戲中的怪物等）分配統計數據

收集或解釋相關的統計資料

"I went back and statted that match," Shondell said. "Seventy percent of the points, we either finished them with a kill or making an error. So we were in control, it's just that we weren't in control the way we needed to be on a regular basis."

“我回过头来分析那场比赛的统计数据，”肖德尔说。“其中百分之七十的分数，我们要么扣杀得分，要么犯错。所以我们确实控制了局面，只是控制得不像平时那样。”

2014年September16日，Sam King，“Purdue volleyball notes: Madness in Mackey Arena”, in Journal & Courier:

The most important part of the collection, however, is Howe’s folders of stats. […] All up, he reckons he’s statted over 10,000 Australian matches at all levels. It’s all been digitised now, of course, but to this day Howe maintains a hand-written record.

不过，收藏中最重要的部分是豪的统计数据文件夹。 […] 他估计自己已经共统计了一万多场各级别的澳大利亚比赛。当然，现在这些都已经数字化了，但豪至今仍保留着手写记录。

2015年July27日，Joe Gorman，“The stats guru helping keep alive football history in Australia”, in The Guardian:


manumission

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 manūmissiō。

The most important law of Augustus, was the lex oelia sentia, deserving of all praise, which related to the manumission of slaves.

奥古斯都最重要的法律是《艾里亞·森迪亞法》，值得一切赞扬，该法律与解放奴隶有关。

1867，John Lord，The Old Roman World: the Grandeur and Failure of Its Civilization:

In the west, and especially in Cornwall, the names of the serfs were mainly Celtic,—Griffith, Modred, Riol, and so forth,—as may be seen from the list of manumissions preserved in a mass-book at St. Petroc's, or Padstow.

1881，Grant Allen，章號 19, in Anglo-Saxon Britain:

The more innocent dreamed of a manumission kindly bestowed by the new Emperor as one of a number of acts of justice and clemency proper to a new reign.

1985，Anthony Burgess，Kingdom of the Wicked:

Rather than encouraging his countrymen to liberate their slaves, he opposed both private manumission and public emancipation.

2012年November30日，Paul Finkelman，“The Real Thomas Jefferson: The Monster of Monticello”, in New York Times, retrieved 2015-08-03:


manumit

古典借詞，源自拉丁語 manūmittere，源自前古典時期拉丁語 manū ēmittere (字面意思是“從某人手上發出”)。

manumits (third-person singular present)
manumitting (present participle)
manumitted (past participle)

Turn now to the temperance revolution. In it we shall find a stronger bondage broken, a viler slavery manumitted, a greater tyrant deposed; in it, more of want supplied, more disease healed, more sorrow assuaged.

现在放眼看向禁酒革命。在这场革命中，我们将发现，更强大的束缚被打破，更卑鄙的奴隶制被解放，更强大的暴君被废黜；在这场革命中，更多的贫困会得到满足，更多的疾病会得到治愈，更多的悲伤会得到缓解。

1842年February22日，Abraham Lincoln，“Address Before the Springfield Washingtonian Temperance Society”, in The Papers and Writings of Abraham Lincoln:

Persons taken in war were considered at the absolute control of their captors, and were therefore, de facto, slaves; and the children of a female slave followed the condition of their mother, and belonged to her master. But masters could manumit their slaves, who thus became Roman citizens, with some restrictions.

战争中的俘虏被视为完全受俘虏他们的人的控制，因此事实上是奴隶；女奴的孩子则与母亲一样，属于主人。但主人可以释放奴隶，这样奴隶就成为罗马公民，但有一些限制。

Ruth wept much but Sara set her beauty to a fierce grimness which, even when, as you shall hear later, she was manumitted, she never entirely lost.

1985，Anthony Burgess，Kingdom of the Wicked，Arbor House Publishing:


dissuader

From all our experience on the subject, Members of Parliament have always been the dissuaders of the attempts of Dissenters; among whom an almost irrepressible impatience and disgust at their and their leaders' apathy have long existed.

1827，The Monthly Repository of Theology and General Literature，頁 303:


principiate

principiates (third-person singular present)
principiating (present participle)
principiated (past participle)

Both the Kingly and Prophetical Offices of Jesus Christ are principiated in this

1654，Edward Leigh，A Systeme or Body of Divinity:


plant milk

Plant milks can, nevertheless, have a dark side, as when any crop is produced in mass quantities.

2020年January29日，Annette McGivney，“Almonds are out. Dairy is a disaster. So what milk should we drink?”, in The Guardian:


mesugaki

借自日語 メスガキ (mesugaki)，源自雌(めす) (mesu，“雌性（動物）”) + 餓鬼(がき) (gaki，“小子”)。此詞於2020年左右開始為英語使用。

WE NEED MORE POKEKID IN EEVEE COSTUME DOUJINS DAMMIT!!
preferably one that presents her as a mesugaki :9

2020年May26日，@harid_ziran，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-18:

Riro quickly became one of the company’s most popular idols due to her gimmick as a “mesugaki” type character.

2023年November28日，Brandon Lyttle，“VTuber Riro Ron terminated for ‘dangerous and harmful’ activities”, in Niche Gamer，存檔自the original on 2023-11-29:

Mutsuki is a brat that like to be suggestive with sensei. She's a mesugaki archetype, one of the more popular one in fact (despite it starting in azur lane)

2023年December25日，@megamega171，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-20:

Youre Oshi is the vtuber who made the loli song playing into the lolicon fetish of the Mesugaki. Dude cant pick a side on this topic.

2024年April16日，@king_of_games34，Twitter，存檔自the original on 2024-07-20:


qualifiable

more qualifiable (comparative)
most qualifiable (superlative)

合格的，有資格的，能勝任的

Old entrance requirements which had screened out all but the most highly qualified were revised to include all those who could be considered qualifiable with standard on-the-job-training.

旧的入职要求会筛选掉所有不具备最高资格的人员，但经过修改后，所有经过标准的在职培训而被认为合格的人员都将被纳入其中。


calculant

more calculant (comparative)
most calculant (superlative)

His face is calm, down-sloped, calculant, concerned.

1930，William Faulkner，As I Lay Dying，Library of America, 出版於 1985，頁 97:


sitten

源自中古英語 siten、seten，源自古英語 seten、ġeseten, sittan (“坐”) 的過去分詞。等價於 sit + -en (過去分詞)。同源詞包括荷蘭語 gezeten、德語 gesessen。

more sitten (comparative)
most sitten (superlative)

安定的；靜止的；難以移動或攪亂的

Their fire edge might help to kindle-up old sitten-up professours.

1671，J. Livingston，Let. to Parishoners Ancram 15:


present tense

Animals—lions and zebras and beautiful snakes—live vividly in the present tense, in a bright unconsciousness of time. That is their innocence and their limitation. Humans carry with them their experiences, their pasts; men and women work with a knowledge of consequences and, doing so, impose order on the chaotic present and project consequences into the future.

1998年March30日，Lance Morrow，“The Trouble With The Present Tense”, in Time:


infestant

Fungal spores or other structures produced by some of the pathogens are quite visible to the naked eye. These are mostly found as seed contaminants or seed infestants.

2009，H. Lewin Devasahayam，Illustrated Plant Pathology: Basic Concepts，頁 380:


vagient

源自拉丁語 vagiens，vagire (“哭喊，嚎啕，號叫”) 的現在分詞。

more vagient (comparative)
most vagient (superlative)

哭得像小孩一樣的；嚎啕的

vagient youngling

1629，John Gaule，Practiqve Theories, or Votiue Speculations, vpon Iesvs Christs Prediction, Incarnation, Passion, Resurrection, London:


recapitulant

more recapitulant (comparative)
most recapitulant (superlative)

How do our lives ravel out into the no-wind, no-sound, the weary gestures wearily recapitulant: echoes of old compulsions with no-hand on no-strings: in sunset we fall into furious attitudes, dead gestures of dolls.

1930，William Faulkner，As I Lay Dying，Library of America, 出版於 1985，頁 139:


World War III

於冷戰期間，這個詞暗示著世界的瞬間毀滅。隨著之後發生的各種常規戰爭，這種暗示變得越來越不常見。現在，它更多地被口語化，用來誇大個人爭論，例如核心家庭內部的衝突。

One time ago a crazy dream came to me / I dreamt I was walking into World War Three

1963，Bob Dylan （作曲作詞）, “Talkin' World War III Blues”, in The Freewheelin' Bob Dylan:

And I also wanted to be sure to keep Chiang Kai-shek, who had some notion of starting a World War Number Three, from going into China and doing just that.

1964，Harry S. Truman，片头起2:16, in MP2002-410 Several Cuts of Former President Truman Talking about Wars and Korea，Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum, National Archives Identifier: 595162:

The WOPR [War Operations Planning Response] has already fought World War III as a game time and time again.

1983，Lawrence Lasker, Walter F. Parkes，WarGames，spoken by Paul Richter:


Noel

源自該詞“聖誕節”的意思；使用自中世紀開始，用在聖誕節出生的小孩。

Christmas City

城市名，位於美國密蘇里州。

When Noel came, noisily bursting through the back door with buckets of cleansers and sponges, I introduced myself. "Just call me Noelle," he said of himself. "When I was little they used to call me Noel, Noel, the toilet bowl. Although now I have thought of painting that on the side of my van. It might be good for business? I don't know."

2009，Lorrie Moore，A Gate at the Stairs，Faber and Faber, →ISBN，頁 162:


effected

Their palette was covered with heavily effected guitars, synthetic loops and samples, electronic drums, and cold industrial sound effects.

2000，John Joseph Thompson，Raised by Wolves: The Story of Christian Rock & Roll:


indagator

借自拉丁語 indāgātor (“調查者”)。

For that, being the number of the Elements, Principles, or Materiall Ingredients of Bodies, is an enquiry whole truth is of that Importance, and of that Difficulty, that it may as well deserve as require to be searched into by such skilfull Indagators of Nature as your selves.

1661，Robert Boyle，The Sceptical Chymist [懷疑派的化學家]，頁s 5–6:


recentralize

recentralizes (third-person singular present)
recentralizing (present participle)
recentralized (past participle)

The tendency of the petrostate is to recentralize, petrify and personalize power, said Margarita López Maya, a political scientist who long supported Chávez but is now disillusioned.

长期支持查韦斯但现在已经幻灭的政治学家玛格丽塔·洛佩斯·玛雅表示，石油国家的趋势是重新集权、僵化和权力的个人化。

2007年December3日，Roger Cohen，“The Limits of 21st-Century Revolution [21世纪革命的局限性]”, in New York Times:


cooldown

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cooldown.wav

冷卻時間, 遊戲中持續使用虛擬物品或技能釋放所必須的間隔時間
具有强大效果但冷却时间较长的特殊能力

I had to wait for the cooldown to finish before recasting the spell.

我必须等待冷却时间结束后才能重新施放该咒语。

Private Terminal: After using a power, you must wait for it to recharge before using it again.
Private Terminal: This is called the cooldown period. When a power is in cooldown, its icon is gray. A red icon indicates that the power cannot affect the current target.

2012，BioWare，Mass Effect 3 (Science Fiction), Redwood City: Electronic Arts, →OCLC, PC，幕：Tactical Mastery: Advanced Power Use:


Golan Heights

The agreement to disengage forces in the Golan Heights had been an achievement of substational proportions, and my visit was an opportunity to encourage, support, and nurture the new Syrian-American relationship that Kissinger had begun.

从戈兰高地撤军的协议是一项重大成就，而我的访问则是一次鼓励、支持和培育基辛格开创的叙利亚与美国新关系的机会。

1978，Richard Nixon，RN: the Memoirs of Richard Nixon，Grosset & Dunlap, →ISBN, →LCCN, →OCLC, →OL，頁 1013:


magic box

The viewer sits in front of the "magic box," being entertained.

觀眾坐在「魔術盒子」前享受著娛樂。

A television program is a magic act. […] It was his [Walter Cronkite's] ability to appear in the magic box that gave him the tremendous authority necessary to lay claim to the absolute truth.

電視節目就是一場魔術表演。 […] 正是他 [華特‧克朗凱特] 出現在魔術盒子中的能力賦予了他宣稱擁有絕對真理所必需的巨大權威。

2009，Marianne van den Boomen，Digital Material: Tracing New Media in Everyday Life and Technology，頁 174:


nosering

On the first wedding night of the marriage ceremony, the husband removes the big nosering of the bride, which is the symbolic representation of the girl being a virgin till that moment.

在婚禮的第一個新婚之夜，丈夫會摘下新娘的大鼻環，這象徵著女孩在那一刻之前還是處女。

1993，Mohsen Saeidi Madani，Impact of Hindu Culture on Muslims，M D Publications Pvt Ltd, →ISBN，頁 146:

[…] My mother and grandmother wore nine-yard saris, with heavy anklets, armlets, waist belts and enormous noserings, but they observed all the Jewish rituals.'

2002，Esther David，Book of Esther，Viking, →ISBN，頁 369:

A woman with dyed black hair and a greenstone nosering returns to a story she must have almost finished before I came in.

2007，Kristen Tsetsi，Homefront，Penxhere Press, →ISBN，頁 225:

有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:nosering。


crew neck

The designer herself was wearing tailored caramel-coloured trousers with a toning crew neck knit, because “it’s work, and I have too much to do to get dressed up”.

設計師本人穿著合身的焦糖色長褲，搭配一件相配的圓領針織衫，因為「這是工作，我有太多事情要忙，沒空精心打扮。」

2017年October2日，潔絲卡特納莫雷，“Stella McCartney lays waste to disposable fashion in Paris”, in 衛報:


crew neck

For a writer celebrated for his control of his characters’ inner lives, for a husband and father notoriously prickly about his expression of the suburban proprieties — the crewneck Shetland sweater and khakis, the plummy faux-Brahmin accent, the adoring Labrador at his feet, the woodpile neatly stacked and grass hand-scythed — here was scandal in full spate, sludge flooding over his family and friends.

對於一位因掌控角色內心世界而廣受讚譽的作家，對於一位因表現郊區禮節而出了名的苛刻丈夫和父親——穿著圓領雪蘭羊毛衫和卡其褲，帶著假裝上層階級的優雅口音，腳邊有一隻崇拜的拉布拉多犬，柴火整齊堆放，草坪由手工割草刀修剪——這裡出現了一場全面的醜聞，污水泛濫，波及他的家庭和朋友。

2009年March15日，傑佛瑞沃爾夫，“Suburban Suffering”, in 紐約時報:


assimulate

源自拉丁語 assimulatus，assimulare 的過去分詞，等價於 assimilare。參見 assimilate。

assimulates (third-person singular present)
assimulating (present participle)
assimulated (past participle)

So that small and little vital Principle of the Fear of God doth gradually and yet suddenly assimulate the actions of our life flowing from another Principle

1684，Matthew Hale，A Discourse of Religion:

You will remember the exact analogy — that trees grow by attracting and assimulating to themselves the terrestrial atmosphere which is thrown from all the planets[…]

1857，Andrew Jackson Davis，The great harmonia: Volume 4，頁 54: