悲觀主義 in 漢語

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{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「主」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「悲」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「義」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「觀」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "unknown",
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "zh-悲觀主義-zh-unknown-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēiguānzhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄟ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēiguānzhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄟ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "beiguanjhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pei¹-kuan¹-chu³-i⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēi-gwān-jǔ-yì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "beiguanjuuyih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "бэйгуаньчжуи (bɛjguanʹčžui)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peɪ̯⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "пессимизм"
    }
  ],
  "word": "悲觀主義"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "zh-pron usage missing POS",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「主」的漢語詞",
    "帶「悲」的漢語詞",
    "帶「義」的漢語詞",
    "帶「觀」的漢語詞",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "漢語詞元"
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "unknown",
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēiguānzhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄟ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēiguānzhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄅㄟ ㄍㄨㄢ ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "beiguanjhǔyì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "pei¹-kuan¹-chu³-i⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "bēi-gwān-jǔ-yì"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "beiguanjuuyih"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "бэйгуаньчжуи (bɛjguanʹčžui)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/peɪ̯⁵⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵ ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "俄语",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "word": "пессимизм"
    }
  ],
  "word": "悲觀主義"
}

[Show JSON error data ▼] [Hide JSON error data ▲]

{
  "called_from": "extractor/zh/page/parse_section/192",
  "msg": "Unhandled subtitle: 寫法",
  "path": [
    "悲觀主義"
  ],
  "section": "漢語",
  "subsection": "寫法",
  "title": "悲觀主義",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"悲觀主義" meaning in 漢語

unknown