See 現煞 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「煞」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "帶「現」的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "泉漳話詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語副詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "漢語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "现煞",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "泉漳話",
"lang_code": "nan-hbl",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_title": "副詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"立刻、馬上"
],
"id": "zh-現煞-nan-hbl-adv-VnBmaNAB"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-soah / hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-soah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-suah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiexnsoaq"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ suaʔ³²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn⁴¹⁻²² suaʔ⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (泉州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiexnsaq"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ saʔ³²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"休寧",
"柳州",
"哈爾濱",
"中原官話",
"建甌",
"南寧（亭子）",
"新加坡（泉漳）",
"新加坡",
"徽語",
"揚州",
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"銀川",
"馬來西亞",
"蘭銀官話",
"成都",
"江淮官話",
"冀魯官話",
"南昌",
"北京",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"貴陽",
"南京",
"金華",
"雙峰",
"濟南",
"萬榮",
"黎川",
"客家語",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"西安",
"于都",
"長沙",
"福州",
"南部平話",
"汕頭",
"蘭州",
"臺灣",
"漳州",
"東莞",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"歙縣",
"黃山（屯溪）",
"烏魯木齊",
"西南官話",
"泉州",
"燕京官話",
"婺源",
"武漢",
"煙台（牟平）",
"祁門",
"潮州",
"膠遼官話",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"蘇州",
"桂林",
"溫州",
"合肥",
"萍鄉",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min",
"Shanghai",
"Eastern Min",
"Northern Min",
"Xiang",
"Wu",
"Gan"
],
"word": "馬上"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"冀魯官話",
"燕京官話",
"臺灣",
"濟南",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"新加坡"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)",
"香港"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廣州",
"雷州",
"潮州",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"客家語",
"香港",
"臺北"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "即時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吉隆坡（廣府）",
"廣州",
"南寧（亭子）",
"新加坡（廣府）",
"台山",
"徽語",
"香港",
"黟縣",
"黎川",
"客家語",
"南部平話",
"海口",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min",
"Shanghai",
"Wu",
"Gan"
],
"word": "即刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "隨即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"word": "迅即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話",
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"雷州",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"台山",
"洛陽"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "當下"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"word": "當即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"廣州",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"客家語"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "登時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "頓時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"銀川",
"蘭銀官話",
"中原官話",
"西南官話",
"西寧",
"武漢",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"忻州",
"上海（崇明）",
"洛陽"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jin"
],
"word": "眼看"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "立時刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"蘭銀官話",
"杭州",
"烏魯木齊",
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "立馬兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "跟時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "跟手兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"燕京官話",
"哈爾濱"
],
"word": "立刻亮兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"冀魯官話",
"徐州",
"濟南",
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "馬上馬"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"濟南",
"冀魯官話"
],
"word": "立馬追即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"膠遼官話",
"煙台（牟平）"
],
"word": "跟著"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"膠遼官話",
"煙台（牟平）"
],
"word": "眼看著"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"徐州"
],
"word": "馬展"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"徐州"
],
"word": "馬時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"蘭銀官話",
"西南官話",
"太原",
"蘭州",
"貴陽"
],
"tags": [
"Jin"
],
"word": "立馬"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "跟倒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "跟即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"武漢",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "接身"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"南京",
"江淮官話"
],
"word": "馬即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"東莞"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "即午"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"丹陽",
"太原",
"陽江"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Cantonese",
"Jin"
],
"word": "跟手"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"南昌"
],
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "仰上"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"梅縣",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"客家語",
"雲林（崙背，詔安腔）"
],
"word": "黏時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）"
],
"word": "黏皮"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"客家語"
],
"word": "跈等"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）"
],
"word": "跈緊"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）"
],
"word": "跈核"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉州",
"漳州",
"客家語",
"雲林（崙背，詔安腔）",
"馬尼拉（泉漳）",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"績溪",
"徽語"
],
"word": "當時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"太原"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Jin"
],
"word": "立時三刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"福州"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern Min"
],
"word": "此刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"福州"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern Min"
],
"word": "連刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉州",
"廈門",
"漳州",
"臺北"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "連鞭"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"臺北",
"潮州",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廈門",
"泉州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨煞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"馬尼拉（泉漳）"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨隨"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"海口"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "登場"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "歇歇"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "臨時豁腳"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立馬造橋"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"寧波",
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "隨手"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "肇"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"長沙"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "𪐀噠"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"婁底"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "馬下"
}
],
"word": "現煞"
}
{
"categories": [
"帶「煞」的漢語詞",
"帶「現」的漢語詞",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"有國際音標的漢語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"泉漳話副詞",
"泉漳話詞元",
"漢語副詞",
"漢語詞元"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "现煞",
"tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"lang": "泉漳話",
"lang_code": "nan-hbl",
"pos": "adv",
"pos_title": "副詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"立刻、馬上"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-soah / hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-soah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-suah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiexnsoaq"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ suaʔ³²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn⁴¹⁻²² suaʔ⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、泉州、漳州",
"國際音標 (泉州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"白話字"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"臺羅"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiān-sah"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"普實台文"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"zh_pron": "hiexnsaq"
},
{
"ipa": "/hiɛn²²⁻²¹ saʔ³²/",
"raw_tags": [
"泉漳話",
"廈門、漳州",
"國際音標 (廈門, 漳州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"raw_tags": [
"休寧",
"柳州",
"哈爾濱",
"中原官話",
"建甌",
"南寧（亭子）",
"新加坡（泉漳）",
"新加坡",
"徽語",
"揚州",
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"銀川",
"馬來西亞",
"蘭銀官話",
"成都",
"江淮官話",
"冀魯官話",
"南昌",
"北京",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"貴陽",
"南京",
"金華",
"雙峰",
"濟南",
"萬榮",
"黎川",
"客家語",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"西安",
"于都",
"長沙",
"福州",
"南部平話",
"汕頭",
"蘭州",
"臺灣",
"漳州",
"東莞",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"歙縣",
"黃山（屯溪）",
"烏魯木齊",
"西南官話",
"泉州",
"燕京官話",
"婺源",
"武漢",
"煙台（牟平）",
"祁門",
"潮州",
"膠遼官話",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"蘇州",
"桂林",
"溫州",
"合肥",
"萍鄉",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min",
"Shanghai",
"Eastern Min",
"Northern Min",
"Xiang",
"Wu",
"Gan"
],
"word": "馬上"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"冀魯官話",
"燕京官話",
"臺灣",
"濟南",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"新加坡"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)",
"香港"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "立即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廣州",
"雷州",
"潮州",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"客家語",
"香港",
"臺北"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "即時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"吉隆坡（廣府）",
"廣州",
"南寧（亭子）",
"新加坡（廣府）",
"台山",
"徽語",
"香港",
"黟縣",
"黎川",
"客家語",
"南部平話",
"海口",
"梅縣",
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min",
"Shanghai",
"Wu",
"Gan"
],
"word": "即刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "隨即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"word": "迅即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話",
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"雷州",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"台山",
"洛陽"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "當下"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"word": "當即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"廣州",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"客家語"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "登時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"書面語 (白話文)"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "頓時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"銀川",
"蘭銀官話",
"中原官話",
"西南官話",
"西寧",
"武漢",
"書面語 (白話文)",
"忻州",
"上海（崇明）",
"洛陽"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Jin"
],
"word": "眼看"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "立時刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"蘭銀官話",
"杭州",
"烏魯木齊",
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "立馬兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "跟時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"北京",
"燕京官話"
],
"word": "跟手兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"燕京官話",
"哈爾濱"
],
"word": "立刻亮兒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"冀魯官話",
"徐州",
"濟南",
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "馬上馬"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"濟南",
"冀魯官話"
],
"word": "立馬追即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"膠遼官話",
"煙台（牟平）"
],
"word": "跟著"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"膠遼官話",
"煙台（牟平）"
],
"word": "眼看著"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"徐州"
],
"word": "馬展"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"中原官話",
"徐州"
],
"word": "馬時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"蘭銀官話",
"西南官話",
"太原",
"蘭州",
"貴陽"
],
"tags": [
"Jin"
],
"word": "立馬"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "跟倒"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"成都",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "跟即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"武漢",
"西南官話"
],
"word": "接身"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"南京",
"江淮官話"
],
"word": "馬即"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"東莞"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "即午"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"丹陽",
"太原",
"陽江"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Cantonese",
"Jin"
],
"word": "跟手"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"南昌"
],
"tags": [
"Gan"
],
"word": "仰上"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"梅縣",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"客家語",
"雲林（崙背，詔安腔）"
],
"word": "黏時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）"
],
"word": "黏皮"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"新竹縣（竹東，海陸腔）",
"新竹縣（芎林，饒平腔）",
"屏東（內埔，南四縣腔）",
"苗栗（北四縣腔）",
"客家語"
],
"word": "跈等"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）"
],
"word": "跈緊"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"客家語",
"臺中（東勢，大埔腔）"
],
"word": "跈核"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉州",
"漳州",
"客家語",
"雲林（崙背，詔安腔）",
"馬尼拉（泉漳）",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"績溪",
"徽語"
],
"word": "當時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"太原"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai",
"Jin"
],
"word": "立時三刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"福州"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern Min"
],
"word": "此刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"福州"
],
"tags": [
"Eastern Min"
],
"word": "連刻"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"泉州",
"廈門",
"漳州",
"臺北"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "連鞭"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"臺北",
"潮州",
"廈門"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨時"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"廈門",
"泉州"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨煞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"馬尼拉（泉漳）"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "隨隨"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"海口"
],
"tags": [
"Southern Min"
],
"word": "登場"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "歇歇"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "臨時豁腳"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"word": "立馬造橋"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"寧波",
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "隨手"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"溫州"
],
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"word": "肇"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"長沙"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "𪐀噠"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"婁底"
],
"tags": [
"Xiang"
],
"word": "馬下"
}
],
"word": "現煞"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 現煞 meaning in 泉漳話 (7.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 泉漳話 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-11 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (11b4543 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.