See しまう in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語平假名",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語複合詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語詞元",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有國際音標的日語詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "有詞條的頁面",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "未指定是否及物的日語動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "詞尾是「う」的日語五段動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shimai",
"word": "しまい"
},
{
"roman": "chimau",
"word": "ちまう"
},
{
"roman": "shimatta",
"word": "しまった"
},
{
"roman": "shimouta",
"word": "しもうた"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自词干shim-，与古典动词締む (shimu，“系紧”)和现代动词閉まる (shimaru，“关起来”，自动词) + ふ (fu，表示反复或正在发生的动作的助动词)同源。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shimau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"roman": "simafu"
},
{
"form": "しまい",
"raw_tags": [
"五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "shimai"
},
{
"form": "しまった",
"roman": "shimatta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimawa",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまい",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimae",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimae",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわせる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわす",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しまおう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまいます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しまった",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimatta",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまって",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimatte",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しまは",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafa",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまひ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまへ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"roman": "simafe",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafe",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまはず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "simafazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまへど",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafedo",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafeba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまはば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafaba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひき",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"roman": "simafiki",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひけり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"roman": "simafikeri",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひつ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成式 (自覺動作)"
],
"roman": "simafitu",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひぬ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成式 (自然事件)"
],
"roman": "simafinu",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成進行式"
],
"roman": "simaferi",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひたり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成進行式"
],
"roman": "simafitari",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまはむ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "simafamu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"助动词用法总是后接于动词て (-te)形后。",
"てしまう (-te shimau)和でしまう (-de shimau)可缩短为ちゃう (-chau)和ぢゃう (-jau)。这两种形式遵循五段动词活用，常用于口语中。忘(わす)れちゃった！ ― wasurechatta! ― 我给忘了！",
"亦作ちまう (-chimau)和ぢまう (-jimau)，但这种写法较为过时。",
"由于20世纪的拼写规则变更，浊化形式ぢゃう (-jau)和ぢまう (-jimau)一般写作じゃう (-jau)和じまう (-jimau)。"
],
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"关闭"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-P9R-3ORb"
},
{
"glosses": [
"完成"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-wLP7~1HM"
},
{
"glosses": [
"结束，结果"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-txSTVHt6"
},
{
"glosses": [
"收起"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-r9S3g1Nr"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語助動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后："
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb--adrjCuJ",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語助動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成）...完"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-3Sh-VHiP",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語助動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作属预料之外）"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-nbm61vhp",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語助動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成不容易）"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-m0rf4Ihc",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "日語助動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成后后悔）"
],
"id": "zh-しまう-ja-verb-n~sCNsLa",
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しまう",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[shìmáú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕima̠ɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "しまう"
}
{
"categories": [
"日語五段動詞",
"日語動詞",
"日語平假名",
"日語複合詞",
"日語詞元",
"有1個詞條的頁面",
"有國際音標的日語詞",
"有詞條的頁面",
"未指定是否及物的日語動詞",
"詞尾是「う」的日語五段動詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shimai",
"word": "しまい"
},
{
"roman": "chimau",
"word": "ちまう"
},
{
"roman": "shimatta",
"word": "しまった"
},
{
"roman": "shimouta",
"word": "しもうた"
}
],
"etymology_text": "源自词干shim-，与古典动词締む (shimu，“系紧”)和现代动词閉まる (shimaru，“关起来”，自动词) + ふ (fu，表示反复或正在发生的动作的助动词)同源。",
"forms": [
{
"form": "shimau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"roman": "simafu"
},
{
"form": "しまい",
"raw_tags": [
"五段 (連用形"
],
"roman": "shimai"
},
{
"form": "しまった",
"roman": "shimatta",
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimawa",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまい",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimae",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえ",
"raw_tags": [
"活用形"
],
"roman": "shimae",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわれる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawareru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわせる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawaseru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわす",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえる",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaeru",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "しまおう",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaō",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわない",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawanai",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまわず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimawazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative",
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまいます",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaimasu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "しまった",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimatta",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまって",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimatte",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまえば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "shimaeba",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "しまは",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafa",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "しまひ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafi",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"terminal"
]
},
{
"form": "しまふ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "しまへ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態",
"已然形"
],
"roman": "simafe",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへ",
"raw_tags": [
"語幹形態"
],
"roman": "simafe",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまはず",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "simafazu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "しまへど",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"對比連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafedo",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"因果連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafeba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまはば",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"條件連接詞"
],
"roman": "simafaba",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひき",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第一手消息)"
],
"roman": "simafiki",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひけり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"過去式 (第二手消息)"
],
"roman": "simafikeri",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひつ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成式 (自覺動作)"
],
"roman": "simafitu",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひぬ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成式 (自然事件)"
],
"roman": "simafinu",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまへり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成進行式"
],
"roman": "simaferi",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまひたり",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式",
"完成進行式"
],
"roman": "simafitari",
"source": "inflection table"
},
{
"form": "しまはむ",
"raw_tags": [
"關鍵構式"
],
"roman": "simafamu",
"source": "inflection table",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
}
],
"lang": "日语",
"lang_code": "ja",
"notes": [
"助动词用法总是后接于动词て (-te)形后。",
"てしまう (-te shimau)和でしまう (-de shimau)可缩短为ちゃう (-chau)和ぢゃう (-jau)。这两种形式遵循五段动词活用，常用于口语中。忘(わす)れちゃった！ ― wasurechatta! ― 我给忘了！",
"亦作ちまう (-chimau)和ぢまう (-jimau)，但这种写法较为过时。",
"由于20世纪的拼写规则变更，浊化形式ぢゃう (-jau)和ぢまう (-jimau)一般写作じゃう (-jau)和じまう (-jimau)。"
],
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "动词",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"关闭"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"完成"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"结束，结果"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"收起"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"日語助動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后："
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"日語助動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成）...完"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"日語助動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作属预料之外）"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"日語助動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成不容易）"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"日語助動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"后接于动词て (-te)形后：",
"（表示动作完成后后悔）"
],
"tags": [
"auxiliary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しまう",
"raw_tags": [
"東京"
],
"roman": "[shìmáú]"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕima̠ɯ̟ᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "しまう"
}
Download raw JSONL data for しまう meaning in 日语 (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 日语 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-06 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (8b3c49c and 3c020d2). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.