kirin

Tu çi dikî?

Bikin! – Neke! – Meke!

Min hemû ev kar kiriye.

Were nîşanê Nişanî de xwe bêperde seher
Lê ji xûnê bike perhîz ku şehîdan çi hisab

Melayê Cizîrî, Dîwana Melayê Cizirî, ~1640

niyet hebûn, li ber bûn, biniyet bûn, hewl dan, armanc bûn

Min dikir bipirsim lê ez newêriyam.

Ji qehran dike xwe bikuje.

Ez futbolê dikim.

zewicîn, mêr kirin, şû kirin, jin anîn, wek hevser qebûl kirin

Ez bêmêr bimirim jî, ez te nakim.

Kir ku ji avê derbas bibe.

Mela Mûsayê Hekarî, Amadekar: Hêmin Omer, Durrû’l Mecalîs, 2022 ["1857"], r. 116

wek lêkereke sivik bo çêkirina lêkerên nû ji navdêr û rengdêran

qebûl kirin, razî kirin, xwedî kirin, dest pê kirin

mezin kirin, xurt kirin, bihêz kirin, perîşan kirin

dikim (present)
dikî (present)
dike (present)
dikin (present)
bike (imperative singular)
bikin (imperative plural)
kir (past)
kir (past)
kir (past)
kir (past)
–k– (root present)
–kir– (root past)
ez dikim (indicative present positive)
ez nakim (indicative present negative)
min kir (indicative past positive)
min nekir (indicative past negative)
tu dikî (indicative present positive)
tu nakî (indicative present negative)
te kir (indicative past positive)
te nekir (indicative past negative)
ew dike (indicative present positive)
ew nake (indicative present negative)
wê/wî kir (indicative past positive)
wê/wî nekir (indicative past negative)
em dikin (indicative present positive)
em nakin (indicative present negative)
me kir (indicative past positive)
me nekir (indicative past negative)
hûn dikin (indicative present positive)
hûn nakin (indicative present negative)
we kir (indicative past positive)
we nekir (indicative past negative)
ew dikin (indicative present positive)
ew nakin (indicative present negative)
wan kir (indicative past positive)
wan nekir (indicative past negative)
min dikir (imperfect positive)
min nedikir (imperfect negative)
min kiribû (positive)
min nekiribû (negative)
te dikir (imperfect positive)
te nedikir (imperfect negative)
te kiribû (positive)
te nekiribû (negative)
wê/wî dikir (imperfect positive)
wê/wî nedikir (imperfect negative)
wê/wî kiribû (positive)
wê/wî nekiribû (negative)
me dikir (imperfect positive)
me nedikir (imperfect negative)
me kiribû (positive)
me nekiribû (negative)
we dikir (imperfect positive)
we nedikir (imperfect negative)
we kiribû (positive)
we nekiribû (negative)
wan dikir (imperfect positive)
wan nedikir (imperfect negative)
wan kiribû (positive)
wan nekiribû (negative)
ez ê bikim (future positive)
ez ê nekim (future negative)
minê kiribe (future perfect positive)
minê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
tu yê bikî (future positive)
tu yê nekî (future negative)
teyê kiribe (future perfect positive)
teyê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
ew ê bike (future positive)
ew ê neke (future negative)
wê/wîyê kiribe (future perfect positive)
wê/wîyê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
em ê bikin (future positive)
em ê nekin (future negative)
meyê kiribe (future perfect positive)
meyê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
hûn ê bikin (future positive)
hûn ê nekin (future negative)
weyê kiribe (future perfect positive)
weyê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
ew ê bikin (future positive)
ew ê nekin (future negative)
wanê kiribe (future perfect positive)
wanê nekiribe (future perfect negative)
min kiriye (perfect positive)
min nekiriye (perfect negative)
min kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
min nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
te kiriye (perfect positive)
te nekiriye (perfect negative)
te kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
te nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
wê/wî kiriye (perfect positive)
wê/wî nekiriye (perfect negative)
wê/wî kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
wê/wî nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
me kiriye (perfect positive)
me nekiriye (perfect negative)
me kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
me nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
we kiriye (perfect positive)
we nekiriye (perfect negative)
we kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
we nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
wan kiriye (perfect positive)
wan nekiriye (perfect negative)
wan kiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect positive)
wan nekiribûye (nonconfirmative pluperfect negative)
(bila) ez bikim (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) ez nekim (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) min kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) min nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) tu bikî (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) tu nekî (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) te kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) te nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) ew bike (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) ew neke (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) wê/wî kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) wê/wî nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) em bikin (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) em nekin (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) me kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) me nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) hûn bikin (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) hûn nekin (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) we kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) we nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) ew bikin (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) ew nekin (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) wan kiribe (preterite subjunctive positive)
(bila) wan nekiribe (preterite subjunctive negative)
(bila) min bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) min nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) min kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) min nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) te bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) te nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) te kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) te nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) wê/wî bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) wê/wî nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) wê/wî kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) wê/wî nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) me bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) me nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) me kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) me nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) we bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) we nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) we kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) we nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) wan bikira (imperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) wan nekira (imperfect subjunctive negative)
(bila) wan kiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive positive)
(bila) wan nekiribûya (pluperfect subjunctive negative)
minê bikira (present conditional positive)
minê nekira (present conditional negative)
minê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
minê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
teyê bikira (present conditional positive)
teyê nekira (present conditional negative)
teyê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
teyê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
wê/wîyê bikira (present conditional positive)
wê/wîyê nekira (present conditional negative)
wê/wîyê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
wê/wîyê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
meyê bikira (present conditional positive)
meyê nekira (present conditional negative)
meyê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
meyê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
weyê bikira (present conditional positive)
weyê nekira (present conditional negative)
weyê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
weyê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
wanê bikira (present conditional positive)
wanê nekira (present conditional negative)
wanê kiribûya (preterite conditional positive)
wanê nekiribûya (preterite conditional negative)
(tu) bike (imperative present positive)
(tu) neke (imperative present negative)
(hûn) bikin (imperative present positive)
(hûn) nekin (imperative present negative)
–ke– (root present)
ez dikem (indicative present positive)
ez nakem (indicative present negative)
tu dikeyî (indicative present positive)
tu nakeyî (indicative present negative)
em diken (indicative present positive)
em naken (indicative present negative)
hûn diken (indicative present positive)
hûn naken (indicative present negative)
ew diken (indicative present positive)
ew naken (indicative present negative)
ez ê bikem (future positive)
ez ê nekem (future negative)
tu yê bikeyî (future positive)
tu yê nekeyî (future negative)
em ê biken (future positive)
em ê neken (future negative)
hûn ê biken (future positive)
hûn ê neken (future negative)
ew ê biken (future positive)
ew ê neken (future negative)
(bila) ez bikem (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) ez nekem (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) tu bikeyî (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) tu nekeyî (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) em biken (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) em neken (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) hûn biken (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) hûn neken (present subjunctive negative)
(bila) ew biken (present subjunctive positive)
(bila) ew neken (present subjunctive negative)
(hûn) biken (imperative present positive)
(hûn) neken (imperative present negative)
کرن
кьрьн

Hevreha soranî کردن (kirdin), kurdiya başûrî kirdin, lekî kirdin, goranî/hewramî kerdey, zazakî kerdene, farisî کردن (kerden), tacikî кардан (kardan), partî 𐭪𐭫𐭲 (kirt), pehlewî 𐭪𐭫𐭲 (kirt), avestayî 𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬀 (kərəta, “kirî”) û 𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬥𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (kərənaoiti, “ew dike”), hexamenişî 𐎠𐎤𐎢𐎫𐎠 (a-ku-u-t-a /akutā/, “wî kir”), sanskrîtî कृणोति (kṛṇóti) û करोति (karóti), hindî करना (kerna), ûrdûyî کرنا (kerna), hîtîtî 𒆪𒂊𒅕𒋫 (ku-e-er-ta, “kir”) û 𒆪𒅕𒈪 (ku-er-mi, “dikim”), lîtwanî kùrti (“kirin, çêkirin, ava kirin”) û kerė́ti (“sihr kirin”), rûsî ча́ры (čáry, “sihrkirin”). hemû ji proto-hindûewropî *kʷer- (“kirin, çêkirin, ava kirin”).
Ji heman rehî herwiha peyva kar û paşgirên -kar, -ker, -gar, -ger (-ger wek bo nimûne di peyva asinger, hesinger de).
Peyv ji zimanekî hindûîranî ketiye hinek zimanên ûralî jî, bo nimûne: ûdmûrtî карыны (karyny) û komî-permyakî керны (kerny).
Wek paşgirên -kâr, -ker, -gâr ketiye tirkî û gelek zimanên din jî yên tirkîkî, bo nimûne di van peyvên tirkî de: muhafazakâr, peyker, rüzgâr û bi dehan an bi sedan peyvên din.
;Çavkanî:
* Cheung, Johnny, Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb, Leiden, 2007
* Chyet, Michael L. (2003): Kurdish-English Dictionary, Ferhenga Kurmancî-Inglîzî, Yale University Press.
* Derksen, Rick: Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon [Ferhenga etîmolojî ya peyvên mîrasî yên slavî] (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill 2008.
* Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008): Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill.
* Lubotsky, Alexander. Indo-Aryan inherited lexicon. University of Leiden.
* Mallory, J. P.; Adams, D. Q., editors (1997): Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture [Zanistnameya Çandeya Kultûra Hindûewropî], London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers.
* Tsabolov, R. L., Ferhenga etîmolojî ya zimanê kurdî ["Цаболов, Р. Л.: Эмцмолоƨцческцц̆ словарь курδскоƨо языка"], Moskova, 2001-2010


kirin

kar, kiryar, emel, fêl, fealiyet, xebat, şol, encamdan, bicihanîn, çêkirin

Kirina wî karî ne hêsan e.

Divê mirov ji kirinê netirse.

Di berhemên Fiqih û Usûlu’l-Fiqhê derbas dibe; fermaneke ku kirina tiştekî/’îbadeketekê di wextê wê lazim bike, qezakirina vê peywira ku di dema xwe nehatiye edakirin jî pêwîst didêre. Ma ev tişt ne rast e? Hûn dikarin di çarçoveya nimêja qeza de vê şîrove bikin?

Lêkera netêger an jî întransîtîv ew tewre lêker e ku tevger an kirina wê yekser tesîrê li objektekê nake. Ew çalakî an bûyer bê objekt çêdibe û dema ku ew çalakî pêk tê, tesîreke yekser li tişt an kesekî nayê.