See foul on Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 同音異義",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 国際音声記号あり",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_中英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_印欧祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_古英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_形容詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afoul"
},
{
"word": "befoul"
},
{
"word": "biofouling"
},
{
"word": "fall foul"
},
{
"word": "nonfoul"
},
{
"word": "nonfouling"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foul < 古英語fūl < ゲルマン祖語*fūlaz < 印欧祖語*puH-"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouler"
},
{
"form": "foulest"
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"汚い。不潔な。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-Hu3h23oh",
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"きたな"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（言葉などが）下品な。粗野な。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-9mXY0YMH"
},
{
"glosses": [
"憎むべき。卑劣な。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj--pKwVJLU",
"ruby": [
[
"憎",
"にく"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"嫌な。不快な。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-xnHTktNl",
"ruby": [
[
"嫌",
"いや"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（天候が）荒れた。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-4CLKD09A",
"ruby": [
[
"荒",
"あ"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"反則の。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-VZm0i4pR"
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 海事",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（錨などが）縺れた。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-chzTethK",
"ruby": [
[
"縺",
"もつ"
]
],
"topics": [
"nautical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 野球",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルの。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-adj-m7Q~Snq~",
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shameful"
},
{
"word": "odious"
},
{
"word": "wretched"
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 同音異義",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 国際音声記号あり",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_中英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_印欧祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_古英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "foul one's own nest"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foulen, fulen < 古英語fūlian < ゲルマン祖語*fūlijaną"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"third-person",
"singular",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fouling",
"tags": [
"present",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "fouled",
"tags": [
"past",
"participle"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 他動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"汚す。汚染する。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-BuV-dl6~",
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"よご"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 他動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"（名誉などを）汚す。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-l~nV3ROe",
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"けが"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 他動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"塞ぐ。詰まらせる。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-IoKE9DL3",
"ruby": [
[
"塞",
"ふさ"
],
[
"詰",
"つ"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 他動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 海事",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"縺れさせる。絡ませる。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-g8nECcTq",
"ruby": [
[
"絡",
"から"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 バスケットボール",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 他動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 野球",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルする。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-GLt-x-lm",
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"baseball",
"basketball"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 自動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"塞がる。詰まる。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-1-t-Lkkg",
"ruby": [
[
"塞",
"ふさ"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 自動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"縺れる。絡まる。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-z~JCtdDJ",
"ruby": [
[
"絡",
"から"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 バスケットボール",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 自動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルする。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-GLt-x-lm1",
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"basketball"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 自動詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 野球",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルを打つ。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-verb-GlBx2FRM",
"ruby": [
[
"打",
"う"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "古英語 赤リンク/m",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 同音異義",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 国際音声記号あり",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_中英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_印欧祖語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語_古英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foulen, fulen < 古英語fūlian < ゲルマン祖語*fūlijaną"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 スポーツ",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"反則。ファウル。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-noun-OWQoLbI~",
"topics": [
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 ボウリング",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウル。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-noun-47dhpgXH",
"topics": [
"bowling"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "英語 野球",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルボール。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-en-noun-K6V1mdHx",
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語 名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語_古フランス語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古フランス語fol"
],
"lang": "中英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foleの異綴。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-enm-noun-cCTqAV0j"
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語 名詞",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語_古フランス語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "中英語_古英語由来",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古英語fugol"
],
"lang": "中英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fowelの異綴。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-enm-noun-QNx2kubR"
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ドイツ語",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "ドイツ語 動詞 定形",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"lang": "ドイツ語",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foulenの命令法単数形。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-de-verb-eaW1BPUn"
},
{
"glosses": [
"foulenの現在第一人称単数形。"
],
"id": "ja-foul-de-verb-Xi2-G~PR"
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"ドイツ語",
"ドイツ語 動詞 定形"
],
"lang": "ドイツ語",
"lang_code": "de",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foulenの命令法単数形。"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"foulenの現在第一人称単数形。"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"中英語",
"中英語 名詞",
"中英語_古フランス語由来"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古フランス語fol"
],
"lang": "中英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"foleの異綴。"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"中英語",
"中英語 名詞",
"中英語_古フランス語由来",
"中英語_古英語由来"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"古英語fugol"
],
"lang": "中英語",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"fowelの異綴。"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"古英語 赤リンク",
"古英語 赤リンク/m",
"英語",
"英語 同音異義",
"英語 国際音声記号あり",
"英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"英語_中英語由来",
"英語_印欧祖語由来",
"英語_古英語由来",
"英語_形容詞"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "afoul"
},
{
"word": "befoul"
},
{
"word": "biofouling"
},
{
"word": "fall foul"
},
{
"word": "nonfoul"
},
{
"word": "nonfouling"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foul < 古英語fūl < ゲルマン祖語*fūlaz < 印欧祖語*puH-"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouler"
},
{
"form": "foulest"
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "形容詞",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"汚い。不潔な。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"きたな"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（言葉などが）下品な。粗野な。"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"憎むべき。卑劣な。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"憎",
"にく"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"嫌な。不快な。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"嫌",
"いや"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"（天候が）荒れた。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"荒",
"あ"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"反則の。"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 海事"
],
"glosses": [
"（錨などが）縺れた。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"縺",
"もつ"
]
],
"topics": [
"nautical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 野球"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルの。"
],
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "shameful"
},
{
"word": "odious"
},
{
"word": "wretched"
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"古英語 赤リンク",
"古英語 赤リンク/m",
"英語",
"英語 動詞",
"英語 同音異義",
"英語 国際音声記号あり",
"英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"英語_中英語由来",
"英語_印欧祖語由来",
"英語_古英語由来"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "foul one's own nest"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foulen, fulen < 古英語fūlian < ゲルマン祖語*fūlijaną"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"third-person",
"singular",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "fouling",
"tags": [
"present",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "fouled",
"tags": [
"past",
"participle"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "verb",
"pos_title": "動詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"英語 他動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"汚す。汚染する。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"よご"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 他動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"（名誉などを）汚す。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"汚",
"けが"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 他動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"塞ぐ。詰まらせる。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"塞",
"ふさ"
],
[
"詰",
"つ"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 他動詞",
"英語 海事"
],
"glosses": [
"縺れさせる。絡ませる。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"絡",
"から"
]
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"nautical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 バスケットボール",
"英語 他動詞",
"英語 野球"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルする。"
],
"tags": [
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"baseball",
"basketball"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 自動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"塞がる。詰まる。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"塞",
"ふさ"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 自動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"縺れる。絡まる。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"絡",
"から"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 バスケットボール",
"英語 自動詞"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルする。"
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"basketball"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 自動詞",
"英語 野球"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルを打つ。"
],
"ruby": [
[
"打",
"う"
]
],
"tags": [
"intransitive"
],
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
{
"categories": [
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク",
"ゲルマン祖語 赤リンク/m",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク",
"印欧祖語 赤リンク/m",
"古英語 赤リンク",
"古英語 赤リンク/m",
"英語",
"英語 同音異義",
"英語 名詞",
"英語 国際音声記号あり",
"英語_ゲルマン祖語由来",
"英語_中英語由来",
"英語_印欧祖語由来",
"英語_古英語由来"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"中英語foulen, fulen < 古英語fūlian < ゲルマン祖語*fūlijaną"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fouls",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "英語",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "名詞",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"英語 スポーツ"
],
"glosses": [
"反則。ファウル。"
],
"topics": [
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 ボウリング"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウル。"
],
"topics": [
"bowling"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"英語 野球"
],
"glosses": [
"ファウルボール。"
],
"topics": [
"baseball"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "faʊl"
},
{
"homophones": [
"fowl"
]
}
],
"word": "foul"
}
Download raw JSONL data for foul meaning in All languages combined (5.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-21 from the jawiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (89ebc88 and e74c913). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.