See mil in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "Ilm"
},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Adjectifs numéraux en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aliments en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Céréales en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Unités de mesure en français",
"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin mille."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"notes": [
"Historiquement, en ancien français, mil est différent de mille. La différence provient du latin, où mille (qui a donné mil) est le singulier de milia (qui a donné mille). Mil est donc originellement le singulier de mille et doit donc n’être utilisé que pour un seul millier. Cependant, les deux formes ont été employées indifféremment très tôt dans l’histoire de la langue au singulier, et la graphie mille s’est peu à peu imposée comme la seule forme au pluriel comme au singulier.",
"En analogie avec la variante des graphies de vingt et cent, une règle sans aucun fondement historique prétend qu’on utilise de préférence mil à mille quand celui-ci est suivi d’un ou plusieurs nombres.",
"Toutefois, l’an mil est rencontré fréquemment et est parfaitement correct et justifié. D’un autre côté, par archaïsme et mimétisme, l’usage de mil au pluriel, bien que sans justification historique, est attesté par le Grevisse (An deux mil).",
"La langue ayant perdu la mémoire de la différence originelle entre les deux termes, les deux orthographes sont généralement acceptées en toute situation pour des dates, bien qu’un usage rigoureux de mil devrait en limiter l’emploi au singulier.",
"Mil a en revanche influencé la prononciation de mille, qui se disait à l’origine *\\mij\\ (rimant avec fille)."
],
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif numéral",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "mille"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Termes désuets en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "L’an mil neuf cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Variante orthographique de mille."
],
"id": "fr-mil-fr-adj-9PjkPcFw",
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
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{
"ipa": "\\mil\\"
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],
"tags": [
"numeral",
"singular"
],
"word": "mil"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "Ilm"
},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Aliments en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Céréales en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Unités de mesure en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "gros mil"
},
{
"word": "petit mil"
},
{
"word": "mil éthiopien"
},
{
"word": "millet"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin milium."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "mils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun 1",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Termes vieillis en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Victor Hugo, Notre-Dame de Paris, 1831",
"text": "Pauvre grain de mil que la justice humaine donnait à moudre aux épouvantables meules de la torture !"
},
{
"ref": "Honoré de Balzac, L’Illustre Gaudissart, 1832",
"text": "S’il ne se trouve pas d’idées à vendre, la Spéculation tâche de mettre des mots en faveur, leur donne la consistance d’une idée, et vit de ses mots comme l’oiseau de ses grains de mil."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nom donné aux membres d'un groupe de céréales à petits grains ; millet."
],
"id": "fr-mil-fr-noun-3F9Lf~kg",
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Exemples en français",
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}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Hélène Franconie, Monique Chastanet, François Sigaut, Couscous, boulgour et polenta. Transformer et consommer les céréales dans le monde, Karthala, février 2010",
"text": "Le mil occupe la quatrième place dans les cultures de céréales en Inde, après le riz, le sorgho et le blé, mais sa culture décroît dans le Rajasthan comme dans le reste de l'Inde. Toutefois, le Rajasthan reste encore l’État de l’Inde le plus cultivé en mil, environ 40 % de la surface cultivée (d’après The Wealth, 1976), sous réserve d'une réactualisation des chiffres."
},
{
"ref": "Djaïli Amadou Amal, Cœur du Sahel, Emmanuelle Collas, 2022",
"text": "Des tiges de mil, dépouillées de leurs grains, sont encore debout, chancelantes mais fermement ancrées dans la terre nourricière."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Millet perle, et parfois aussi le sorgho (surtout en Afrique)."
],
"id": "fr-mil-fr-noun-Gpf0X5ej"
}
],
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"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mil"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "Ilm"
},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
],
"categories": [
{
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Céréales en français",
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},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lemmes en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en anglais",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en latin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Traductions en anglais",
"parents": [],
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},
{
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{
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{
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{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
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}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "mil carré"
},
{
"word": "mil circulaire"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"De l’anglais mil, lui-même ellipse du latin millēsimus (« millième »)."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "mils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun 2",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Unité de mesure de longueur, égale à un millième de pouce, soit exactement 25,4 micromètres, aussi appelé le mil linéaire. Le symbole : mil."
],
"id": "fr-mil-fr-noun-VBjCi~je",
"topics": [
"metrology"
]
}
],
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"ipa": "\\mil\\"
},
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"translations": [
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mil"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thou"
},
{
"lang": "Corse",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "migliu"
},
{
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "miru",
"word": "ミル"
}
],
"word": "mil"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "Ilm"
},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
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"categories": [
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"name": "Aliments en français",
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
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],
"etymology_texts": [
"Ellipse de millième ou de milliradian."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "mils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun 3",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Mil angulaire : unité de mesure d’angle plan égale à 1/6400 de tour, soit environ 0,98175 milliradian ou exactement 3,375 minutes. Le symbole : m ou μ."
],
"id": "fr-mil-fr-noun-k0dGmVqd",
"topics": [
"metrology"
]
}
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"translations": [
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mil"
},
{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "angular mil"
},
{
"lang": "Japonais",
"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "miru",
"word": "ミル"
}
],
"word": "mil"
}
{
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},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
],
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mots en français issus d’un mot en persan",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Noms communs en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Unités de mesure en français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Français",
"orig": "français",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Mot dérivé du persan qui désigne à primitivement les exercices fait avec ses massues nommées mail en persan."
],
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{
"form": "mils",
"tags": [
"plural"
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}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun 4",
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"categories": [
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{
"ref": "Philippe Rochard, Les identités du zurkhâne iranien dans Techniques et Culturenᵒ 39, 2002",
"text": "Les outils de musculation que retient la tradition actuelle (certains, attestés dans les textes, ont aujourd’hui disparu) sont au nombre de quatre : des quilles en bois appelées mil (« massue indienne »), qui pèsent de deux à vingt kg, se manient par paire; ..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lourde massue utilisée par paire pour faire des exercices de gymnastique de force."
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"id": "fr-mil-fr-noun-i2rYdTSV"
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{
"anagrams": [
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"word": "Ilm"
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{
"word": "ilm"
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{
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{
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"Du latin mille."
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"notes": [
"Historiquement, en ancien français, mil est différent de mille. La différence provient du latin, où mille (qui a donné mil) est le singulier de milia (qui a donné mille). Mil est donc originellement le singulier de mille et doit donc n’être utilisé que pour un seul millier. Cependant, les deux formes ont été employées indifféremment très tôt dans l’histoire de la langue au singulier, et la graphie mille s’est peu à peu imposée comme la seule forme au pluriel comme au singulier.",
"En analogie avec la variante des graphies de vingt et cent, une règle sans aucun fondement historique prétend qu’on utilise de préférence mil à mille quand celui-ci est suivi d’un ou plusieurs nombres.",
"Toutefois, l’an mil est rencontré fréquemment et est parfaitement correct et justifié. D’un autre côté, par archaïsme et mimétisme, l’usage de mil au pluriel, bien que sans justification historique, est attesté par le Grevisse (An deux mil).",
"La langue ayant perdu la mémoire de la différence originelle entre les deux termes, les deux orthographes sont généralement acceptées en toute situation pour des dates, bien qu’un usage rigoureux de mil devrait en limiter l’emploi au singulier.",
"Mil a en revanche influencé la prononciation de mille, qui se disait à l’origine *\\mij\\ (rimant avec fille)."
],
"pos": "adj",
"pos_title": "Adjectif numéral",
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{
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{
"text": "L’an mil neuf cent quatre-vingt-dix-neuf."
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"glosses": [
"Variante orthographique de mille."
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}
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{
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{
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{
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{
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{
"word": "mil éthiopien"
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{
"word": "millet"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Du latin milium."
],
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}
],
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"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
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"ref": "Victor Hugo, Notre-Dame de Paris, 1831",
"text": "Pauvre grain de mil que la justice humaine donnait à moudre aux épouvantables meules de la torture !"
},
{
"ref": "Honoré de Balzac, L’Illustre Gaudissart, 1832",
"text": "S’il ne se trouve pas d’idées à vendre, la Spéculation tâche de mettre des mots en faveur, leur donne la consistance d’une idée, et vit de ses mots comme l’oiseau de ses grains de mil."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nom donné aux membres d'un groupe de céréales à petits grains ; millet."
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"tags": [
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]
},
{
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"examples": [
{
"ref": "Hélène Franconie, Monique Chastanet, François Sigaut, Couscous, boulgour et polenta. Transformer et consommer les céréales dans le monde, Karthala, février 2010",
"text": "Le mil occupe la quatrième place dans les cultures de céréales en Inde, après le riz, le sorgho et le blé, mais sa culture décroît dans le Rajasthan comme dans le reste de l'Inde. Toutefois, le Rajasthan reste encore l’État de l’Inde le plus cultivé en mil, environ 40 % de la surface cultivée (d’après The Wealth, 1976), sous réserve d'une réactualisation des chiffres."
},
{
"ref": "Djaïli Amadou Amal, Cœur du Sahel, Emmanuelle Collas, 2022",
"text": "Des tiges de mil, dépouillées de leurs grains, sont encore debout, chancelantes mais fermement ancrées dans la terre nourricière."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Millet perle, et parfois aussi le sorgho (surtout en Afrique)."
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{
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}
],
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"tags": [
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"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mil"
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{
"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "thou"
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{
"lang": "Corse",
"lang_code": "co",
"word": "migliu"
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{
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"lang_code": "ja",
"roman": "miru",
"word": "ミル"
}
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"word": "mil"
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{
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{
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{
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],
"etymology_texts": [
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],
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"tags": [
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}
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"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
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],
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"lang": "Anglais",
"lang_code": "en",
"word": "mil"
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{
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"lang_code": "en",
"word": "angular mil"
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{
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}
],
"word": "mil"
}
{
"anagrams": [
{
"word": "Ilm"
},
{
"word": "ilm"
},
{
"word": "Lim"
},
{
"word": "MLI"
}
],
"categories": [
"Aliments en français",
"Céréales en français",
"Lemmes en français",
"Mots en français issus d’un mot en persan",
"Noms communs en français",
"Unités de mesure en français",
"français"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"Mot dérivé du persan qui désigne à primitivement les exercices fait avec ses massues nommées mail en persan."
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "mils",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "Français",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_title": "Nom commun 4",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Exemples en français"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "Philippe Rochard, Les identités du zurkhâne iranien dans Techniques et Culturenᵒ 39, 2002",
"text": "Les outils de musculation que retient la tradition actuelle (certains, attestés dans les textes, ont aujourd’hui disparu) sont au nombre de quatre : des quilles en bois appelées mil (« massue indienne »), qui pèsent de deux à vingt kg, se manient par paire; ..."
}
],
"glosses": [
"Lourde massue utilisée par paire pour faire des exercices de gymnastique de force."
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "\\mil\\"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-mil.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-mil.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/46/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Arthur_Crbz-mil.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Occitanie)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Arthur Crbz-mil.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/4/48/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Toulouse)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Lepticed7-mil.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q150_(fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fd/LL-Q150_(fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Lyon)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Ltrlg-mil.wav"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q143 (epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q143_(epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav/LL-Q143_(epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/33/LL-Q143_(epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav/LL-Q143_(epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav.ogg",
"raw_tags": [
"France (Strasbourg)"
],
"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q143 (epo)-Psychoslave-mil.wav"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "mil"
}
Download raw JSONL data for mil meaning in Français (16.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-20 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.