See cygne noir in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{ "anagrams": [ { "word": "Rongycien" }, { "word": "rongycien" } ], "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Calques en français issus d’un mot en anglais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Compositions en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Locutions nominales en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en afrikaans", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en allemand", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en anglais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en arabe", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en azéri", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en bosniaque", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en breton", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en bulgare", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en catalan", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en chinois", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en coréen", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en croate", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en espagnol", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en espéranto", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en estonien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en finnois", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en frison", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en féroïen", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en galicien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en gaélique irlandais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en grec", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en hongrois", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en hébreu", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en indonésien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en islandais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en italien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en japonais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en kabarde", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en letton", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en lituanien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en macédonien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en malais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en malayalam", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en mari de l’Ouest", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en navajo", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en norvégien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en néerlandais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en occitan", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en oudmourte", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en pendjabi de l’Ouest", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en persan", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en polonais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en portugais", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en roumain", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en russe", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en same du Nord", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en sarde", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en serbe", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en serbo-croate", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en suédois", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en tamoul", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en tchèque", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en thaï", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en turc", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en ukrainien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Traductions en vietnamien", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Français", "orig": "français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "derived": [ { "word": "problème du cygne noir" } ], "etymology_texts": [ "(Sens 1)Composé de cygne et de noir.", "(Sens 2) Calque de l’anglais black swan. En référence au problème épistémologique que pose l’induction. Pendant longtemps, on a cru que tous les cygnes étaient blancs ; jusqu’au jour où on a découvert l’espèce océanienne. L’exemple du cygne noir a été proposé par John Stuart Mill. Nassim Nicholas Taleb l’a popularisé dans ses livres, en lui donnant le sens 2." ], "forms": [ { "form": "cygnes noirs", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "pos_title": "Locution nominale", "senses": [ { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Cygnes en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "glosses": [ "Espèce de cygnes de plumage noir, présente en Océanie." ], "id": "fr-cygne_noir-fr-noun-ZFkZy1N4", "topics": [ "ornithology" ] }, { "categories": [ { "kind": "other", "name": "Exemples en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" }, { "kind": "other", "name": "Métaphores en français", "parents": [], "source": "w" } ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Thierryde Montbrial, « Perspectives » dans Ramses 2021, IFRI, 2020, page 20", "text": "J’éprouve quelques difficultés avec la notion de cygne noir, car je ne vois guère d’exemples convaincants de chocs violents que rien dans le passé n'aurait laissé entrevoir." }, { "ref": "Philippe Escande, « Comme les pandémies, le retour de l’inflation est un cygne noir, improbable et dévastateur », Le Monde. 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"qara qu quşu" }, { "lang": "Bosniaque", "lang_code": "bs", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Breton", "lang_code": "br", "word": "alarc’h du" }, { "lang": "Bulgare", "lang_code": "bg", "roman": "čeren lebed", "word": "черен лебед" }, { "lang": "Catalan", "lang_code": "ca", "word": "cigne negre" }, { "lang": "Chinois", "lang_code": "zh", "traditional_writing": "黑天鵝", "word": "黑天鹅" }, { "lang": "Coréen", "lang_code": "ko", "roman": "heukgoni", "traditional_writing": "黑고니", "word": "흑고니" }, { "lang": "Croate", "lang_code": "hr", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Espagnol", "lang_code": "es", "word": "cisne negro" }, { "lang": "Espéranto", "lang_code": "eo", "word": "nigra cigno" }, { "lang": "Estonien", "lang_code": "et", "word": "mustluik" }, { "lang": "Féroïen", "lang_code": "fo", "word": "svartisvanur" }, { "lang": "Finnois", "lang_code": "fi", "word": "mustajoutsen" }, { "lang": "Frison", "lang_code": "fy", "word": "swarte Swan" }, { "lang": "Gaélique irlandais", "lang_code": "ga", "word": "eala dhubh" }, { "lang": "Galicien", "lang_code": "gl", "word": "cisne negro" }, { "lang": "Grec", "lang_code": "el", "roman": "mávros kíknos", "word": "μαύρος κύκνος" }, { "lang": "Hébreu", "lang_code": "he", "word": "ברבור שחור" }, { "lang": "Hongrois", "lang_code": "hu", "word": "fekete hattyú" }, { "lang": "Indonésien", "lang_code": "id", "word": "angsa hitam" }, { "lang": "Islandais", "lang_code": "is", "word": "svartsvanur" }, { "lang": "Italien", "lang_code": "it", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cigno nero" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "kokuchō", "word": "コクチョウ" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "kokuchō", "word": "黒鳥" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "burakku suwan", "word": "ブラックスワン" }, { "lang": "Kabarde", "lang_code": "kbd", "word": "къыуфІыцІэ" }, { "lang": "Letton", "lang_code": "lv", "word": "melnais gulbis" }, { "lang": "Lituanien", "lang_code": "lt", "word": "juodoji gulbė" }, { "lang": "Macédonien", "lang_code": "mk", "roman": "crn lebed", "word": "црн лебед" }, { "lang": "Malais", "lang_code": "ms", "word": "joyinah hitam" }, { "lang": "Malayalam", "lang_code": "ml", "word": "കറുത്ത അരയന്നം" }, { "lang": "Mari de l’Ouest", "lang_code": "mrj", "word": "шим йӱксӹ" }, { "lang": "Navajo", "lang_code": "nv", "word": "dééshzhiin" }, { "lang": "Néerlandais", "lang_code": "nl", "word": "zwarte zwaan" }, { "lang": "Norvégien", "lang_code": "no", "word": "svartsvane" }, { "lang": "Occitan", "lang_code": "oc", "word": "cicne negre" }, { "lang": "Oudmourte", "lang_code": "udm", "word": "сьӧд юсь" }, { "lang": "Pendjabi de l’Ouest", "lang_code": "pnb", "word": "کالا ہنس" }, { "lang": "Persan", "lang_code": "fa", "word": "قوی سیاه" }, { "lang": "Polonais", "lang_code": "pl", "word": "łabędź czarny" }, { "lang": "Portugais", "lang_code": "pt", "word": "cisne-negro" }, { "lang": "Roumain", "lang_code": "ro", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "lebădă neagră" }, { "lang": "Russe", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "čornyj lebed’", "word": "чёрный лебедь" }, { "lang": "Same du Nord", "lang_code": "se", "word": "čáhppesnjukča" }, { "lang": "Sarde", "lang_code": "sc", "word": "sìsini nieddu" }, { "lang": "Serbe", "lang_code": "sr", "roman": "crni labud", "word": "црни лабуд" }, { "lang": "Serbo-croate", "lang_code": "sh", "traditional_writing": "црни лабуд", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Suédois", "lang_code": "sv", "word": "svart svan" }, { "lang": "Tamoul", "lang_code": "ta", "word": "கறுப்பு அன்னம்" }, { "lang": "Tchèque", "lang_code": "cs", "word": "labuť černá" }, { "lang": "Thaï", "lang_code": "th", "word": "หงส์ดำ" }, { "lang": "Turc", "lang_code": "tr", "word": "kara kuğu" }, { "lang": "Ukrainien", "lang_code": "uk", "roman": "lebid čornyj", "word": "лебідь чорний" }, { "lang": "Vietnamien", "lang_code": "vi", "word": "thiên nga đen" } ], "word": "cygne noir" }
{ "anagrams": [ { "word": "Rongycien" }, { "word": "rongycien" } ], "categories": [ "Calques en français issus d’un mot en anglais", "Compositions en français", "Locutions nominales en français", "Traductions en afrikaans", "Traductions en allemand", "Traductions en anglais", "Traductions en arabe", "Traductions en azéri", "Traductions en bosniaque", "Traductions en breton", "Traductions en bulgare", "Traductions en catalan", "Traductions en chinois", "Traductions en coréen", "Traductions en croate", "Traductions en espagnol", "Traductions en espéranto", "Traductions en estonien", "Traductions en finnois", "Traductions en frison", "Traductions en féroïen", "Traductions en galicien", "Traductions en gaélique irlandais", "Traductions en grec", "Traductions en hongrois", "Traductions en hébreu", "Traductions en indonésien", "Traductions en islandais", "Traductions en italien", "Traductions en japonais", "Traductions en kabarde", "Traductions en letton", "Traductions en lituanien", "Traductions en macédonien", "Traductions en malais", "Traductions en malayalam", "Traductions en mari de l’Ouest", "Traductions en navajo", "Traductions en norvégien", "Traductions en néerlandais", "Traductions en occitan", "Traductions en oudmourte", "Traductions en pendjabi de l’Ouest", "Traductions en persan", "Traductions en polonais", "Traductions en portugais", "Traductions en roumain", "Traductions en russe", "Traductions en same du Nord", "Traductions en sarde", "Traductions en serbe", "Traductions en serbo-croate", "Traductions en suédois", "Traductions en tamoul", "Traductions en tchèque", "Traductions en thaï", "Traductions en turc", "Traductions en ukrainien", "Traductions en vietnamien", "français" ], "derived": [ { "word": "problème du cygne noir" } ], "etymology_texts": [ "(Sens 1)Composé de cygne et de noir.", "(Sens 2) Calque de l’anglais black swan. En référence au problème épistémologique que pose l’induction. Pendant longtemps, on a cru que tous les cygnes étaient blancs ; jusqu’au jour où on a découvert l’espèce océanienne. L’exemple du cygne noir a été proposé par John Stuart Mill. Nassim Nicholas Taleb l’a popularisé dans ses livres, en lui donnant le sens 2." ], "forms": [ { "form": "cygnes noirs", "tags": [ "plural" ] } ], "lang": "Français", "lang_code": "fr", "pos": "noun", "pos_title": "Locution nominale", "senses": [ { "categories": [ "Cygnes en français" ], "glosses": [ "Espèce de cygnes de plumage noir, présente en Océanie." ], "topics": [ "ornithology" ] }, { "categories": [ "Exemples en français", "Métaphores en français" ], "examples": [ { "ref": "Thierryde Montbrial, « Perspectives » dans Ramses 2021, IFRI, 2020, page 20", "text": "J’éprouve quelques difficultés avec la notion de cygne noir, car je ne vois guère d’exemples convaincants de chocs violents que rien dans le passé n'aurait laissé entrevoir." }, { "ref": "Philippe Escande, « Comme les pandémies, le retour de l’inflation est un cygne noir, improbable et dévastateur », Le Monde. Mis en ligne le 11 décembre 2020", "text": "[Titre] « Comme les pandémies, le retour de l’inflation est un cygne noir, improbable et dévastateur »" } ], "glosses": [ "Évènement extrême dont le coût est très élevé mais dont la probabilité est très faible." ], "tags": [ "figuratively" ] } ], "sounds": [ { "ipa": "\\siɲ nwaʁ\\" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne noir.wav", "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne_noir.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne_noir.wav.mp3", "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne_noir.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne_noir.wav.ogg", "raw_tags": [ "Canada (Shawinigan)" ], "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-DenisdeShawi-cygne noir.wav" }, { "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-cygne noir.wav", "mp3_url": 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"qara qu quşu" }, { "lang": "Bosniaque", "lang_code": "bs", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Breton", "lang_code": "br", "word": "alarc’h du" }, { "lang": "Bulgare", "lang_code": "bg", "roman": "čeren lebed", "word": "черен лебед" }, { "lang": "Catalan", "lang_code": "ca", "word": "cigne negre" }, { "lang": "Chinois", "lang_code": "zh", "traditional_writing": "黑天鵝", "word": "黑天鹅" }, { "lang": "Coréen", "lang_code": "ko", "roman": "heukgoni", "traditional_writing": "黑고니", "word": "흑고니" }, { "lang": "Croate", "lang_code": "hr", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Espagnol", "lang_code": "es", "word": "cisne negro" }, { "lang": "Espéranto", "lang_code": "eo", "word": "nigra cigno" }, { "lang": "Estonien", "lang_code": "et", "word": "mustluik" }, { "lang": "Féroïen", "lang_code": "fo", "word": "svartisvanur" }, { "lang": "Finnois", "lang_code": "fi", "word": "mustajoutsen" }, { "lang": "Frison", "lang_code": "fy", "word": "swarte Swan" }, { "lang": "Gaélique irlandais", "lang_code": "ga", "word": "eala dhubh" }, { "lang": "Galicien", "lang_code": "gl", "word": "cisne negro" }, { "lang": "Grec", "lang_code": "el", "roman": "mávros kíknos", "word": "μαύρος κύκνος" }, { "lang": "Hébreu", "lang_code": "he", "word": "ברבור שחור" }, { "lang": "Hongrois", "lang_code": "hu", "word": "fekete hattyú" }, { "lang": "Indonésien", "lang_code": "id", "word": "angsa hitam" }, { "lang": "Islandais", "lang_code": "is", "word": "svartsvanur" }, { "lang": "Italien", "lang_code": "it", "tags": [ "masculine" ], "word": "cigno nero" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "kokuchō", "word": "コクチョウ" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "kokuchō", "word": "黒鳥" }, { "lang": "Japonais", "lang_code": "ja", "roman": "burakku suwan", "word": "ブラックスワン" }, { "lang": "Kabarde", "lang_code": "kbd", "word": "къыуфІыцІэ" }, { "lang": "Letton", "lang_code": "lv", "word": "melnais gulbis" }, { "lang": "Lituanien", "lang_code": "lt", "word": "juodoji gulbė" }, { "lang": "Macédonien", "lang_code": "mk", "roman": "crn lebed", "word": "црн лебед" }, { "lang": "Malais", "lang_code": "ms", "word": "joyinah hitam" }, { "lang": "Malayalam", "lang_code": "ml", "word": "കറുത്ത അരയന്നം" }, { "lang": "Mari de l’Ouest", "lang_code": "mrj", "word": "шим йӱксӹ" }, { "lang": "Navajo", "lang_code": "nv", "word": "dééshzhiin" }, { "lang": "Néerlandais", "lang_code": "nl", "word": "zwarte zwaan" }, { "lang": "Norvégien", "lang_code": "no", "word": "svartsvane" }, { "lang": "Occitan", "lang_code": "oc", "word": "cicne negre" }, { "lang": "Oudmourte", "lang_code": "udm", "word": "сьӧд юсь" }, { "lang": "Pendjabi de l’Ouest", "lang_code": "pnb", "word": "کالا ہنس" }, { "lang": "Persan", "lang_code": "fa", "word": "قوی سیاه" }, { "lang": "Polonais", "lang_code": "pl", "word": "łabędź czarny" }, { "lang": "Portugais", "lang_code": "pt", "word": "cisne-negro" }, { "lang": "Roumain", "lang_code": "ro", "tags": [ "feminine" ], "word": "lebădă neagră" }, { "lang": "Russe", "lang_code": "ru", "roman": "čornyj lebed’", "word": "чёрный лебедь" }, { "lang": "Same du Nord", "lang_code": "se", "word": "čáhppesnjukča" }, { "lang": "Sarde", "lang_code": "sc", "word": "sìsini nieddu" }, { "lang": "Serbe", "lang_code": "sr", "roman": "crni labud", "word": "црни лабуд" }, { "lang": "Serbo-croate", "lang_code": "sh", "traditional_writing": "црни лабуд", "word": "crni labud" }, { "lang": "Suédois", "lang_code": "sv", "word": "svart svan" }, { "lang": "Tamoul", "lang_code": "ta", "word": "கறுப்பு அன்னம்" }, { "lang": "Tchèque", "lang_code": "cs", "word": "labuť černá" }, { "lang": "Thaï", "lang_code": "th", "word": "หงส์ดำ" }, { "lang": "Turc", "lang_code": "tr", "word": "kara kuğu" }, { "lang": "Ukrainien", "lang_code": "uk", "roman": "lebid čornyj", "word": "лебідь чорний" }, { "lang": "Vietnamien", "lang_code": "vi", "word": "thiên nga đen" } ], "word": "cygne noir" }
Download raw JSONL data for cygne noir meaning in Français (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-25 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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