mess

One could have a lengthy technical discussion about the definition and nature of mess, but most people have a pretty good idea of what mess is on an intuitive level.

(Traduction) On pourrait avoir une discussion technique approfondie sur la définition et la nature du fouillis, mais la plupart des gens ont une assez bonne idée de ce qu'est le fouillis, intuitivement.

Eric Abrahamson, David H. Freedman, A perfect mess, éd. Orion, 2013

Oh, what mess Abraham brought upon himself and his family when he chose to distrust and disobey God!

(Traduction) Oh, quel gâchis Abraham s'est causé à lui et à sa famille quand il a choisi de ne plus croire et de désobéir à Dieu !

Joey Johnson, God Is Greater Than Family Mess, éd.Saint Paul Press, 2010

Mauvaise cuisine, tambouille, mixture, bouillie, purée, rata.

The only artificial dish we met with was a taro pudding, which, though a disagreeable mess from its sourness, was greedily devoured by the natives.

(traduction) Le seul plat cuisiné que nous ayons rencontré était un pudding au taro qui, bien qu’étant une bouillie désagréablement aigre, était avidement dévoré par les indigènes.

Robert Kerr , A General History and Collection of Voyages and Travels, éd. Outlook, 2020


mess

to mess (infinitive)
messes (present third-person singular)
messed (preterite)
messed (participle past)
messing (participle present)

This doesn't concern you. Don't mess.

Ça ne vous concerne pas. Ne vous en mêlez pas.


miserly

"Stingy" s'emploie spécialement dans les cas plus petits, quand on dépense peu. "Miserly" s'emploie spécialement dans la manière de vivre une vie. "Greedy" veut dire qu'on veut gagner plus.

He is so miserly that he won't even have dinner with his relatives, for fear that he would have to invite them back to his house for dinner in return.


misery

Misery loves company.

Too many people in the underdeveloped nations live lives of misery.

Trop de gens des nations sous-développées vivent une vie de pénurie.


motive

Du moyen anglais motif, du anglo-normand motif, du moyen français motif, du latin motivum, neutre du latin motivus (« mobile, relatif au mouvement »).

motivation

Motif, mobile ; raison qui pousse à accomplir une action.

One could be an excuse for the other—but what’s the it that they want to do? Motive, all the police procedure manuals said, was the main thing to look for. Murray didn’t have a clue on their motive. “I could go crazy doing this.”


motive

more motive (comparative)
most motive (superlative)

In the motive parts of animals may be discovered mutuall proportions; not only in those of Quadrupeds, but in the thigh-bone, legge, foot-bone, and claws of Birds.

Sir Thomas Browne, The Garden of Cyrus, 1658 ; Folio Society 2007, page 195


mound

D’origine obscure, le sens a évolué sous l’influence de mount vers « monticule », il signifiait auparavant « protection, barrière » et est probablement à rapprocher du moyen anglais mounde (« protection ») apparenté au latin manus.

baseball pitcher's mound.

burial mound.

mound of earth


obstinate

Harris always keeps to shades or mixtures of orange or yellow, but I don’t think he is at all wise in this. His complexion is too dark for yellows. Yellows don’t suit him: there can be no question about it. I want him to take to blue as a background, with white or cream for relief; but, there! the less taste a person has in dress, the more obstinate he always seems to be. It is a great pity, because he will never be a success as it is, while there are one or two colours in which he might not really look so bad, with his hat on.

Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat, VII, 1889


offend

Did you say something to offend her?


overlook

to overlook (infinitive)
overlooks (present third-person singular)
overlooked (preterite)
overlooked (participle past)
overlooking (participle present)

Omettre, ignorer, fermer les yeux sur quelque chose.

Some crypto-assets are aggressively advertised to the public, using marketing material and other information that may be unclear, incomplete, inaccurate or purposefully misleading, overstating the potential gains while overlooking the risks involved. Marketing is often done through influencers on social media who do not disclose whether they have a financial incentive to market certain crypto-assets, particularly the recent rise in non-fungible token art (NFT art) linked to various celebrities and sportspeople.

Certains crypto-actifs font l’objet d’une publicité agressive auprès du public, qui s’appuie sur du matériel promotionnel et d’autres informations parfois peu clairs, incomplets, inexacts ou délibérément trompeurs, et surestime les gains potentiels tout en négligeant de communiquer sur les risques encourus. Leur commercialisation est souvent confiée à des influenceurs sur les réseaux sociaux qui ne déclarent pas publiquement qu’ils ont un intérêt économique à commercialiser certains crypto-actifs. C’est notamment le cas avec la récente montée en puissance des jetons non fongibles artistiques (NFT art) dont la valeur symbolique est associée à diverses célébrités et personnalités du monde du sport.

Philip VON BROCKDORFF (Rapporteur), Louise GRABO (Corapporteure), Avis du Comité économique et social européen sur le thème «Les crypto-actifs: enjeux et possibilités» (2022/C 486/05) Décision de l’assemblée plénière 24.3.2022, Résultat du vote (pour/contre/abstentions) 148/0/3, Journal officiel de l'Union européenne, 21.12.2022


pathway

Today, we studied the chemical reactions that make up the sodium-glucose co-transport pathway.


patrimony

This estate has become part of the patrimony of the state.

He has completely spent his parents' patrimony.


peak

peak efficiency


peak

mountain peak

peak of perfection


peak

to peak (infinitive)
peaks (present third-person singular)
peaked (preterite)
peaked (participle past)
peaking (participle present)

The athlete peaked at the age of 32.


pelt

De l'ancien français pelete, peau fine, membrane, diminutif de pel, peau, du latin pellis, peau.

The reward for whosoever makes the killing thrust will be the right to keep the trophies of the chase: the beast’s tusks and pelt.

Stephen Fry, Heroes, Penguin Books, 2019, p. 275


plunge

to plunge (infinitive)
plunges (present third-person singular)
plunged (preterite)
plunged (participle past)
plunging (participle present)

Attention. dive et plunge se traduisent par plonger tous les deux mais ils ne sont pas synonymes.

After decades of struggle to make a vaccine against HIV, these events plunged the efforts into disarray.

D. I. Watkins, Scientific American, Novembre 2008


proud

prouder (comparative)
proudest (superlative)

After the spanking, he hugged her daughter, saying her:
— I am proud of your courage.

Après la fessée, il fit un câlin à sa fille, tout en lui disant :
— Je suis fier de ton courage.


rag

(Date à préciser) Du vieil anglais ragg.

Chiffon, lambeau, guenille, loque, haillon.

It was the jackal –Tabaqui, the Dish-licker– and the wolves of India despise Tabaqui because he runs about making mischief, and telling tales, and eating rags and pieces of leather from the village rubbish-heaps.

C’était le chacal — Tabaqui le Lèche-Plat — et les loups de l’Inde méprisent Tabaqui parce qu’il rôde partout faisant du grabuge, colportant des histoires et mangeant des chiffons et des morceaux de cuir dans les tas d’ordures aux portes des villages.

Tiger rag.


raid

De l’écossais raid, désuet après le moyen anglais mais ranimé au XIXᵉ siècle par Sir Walter Scott. Du vieil anglais rād, qui a donné l’anglais road.

Johnson said that he “had commissioned some work on whether it might be technically feasible to launch an aquatic raid on a warehouse in Leiden, in the Netherlands, and to take that which was legally ours and which the UK desperately needed”.

Tom Ambrose and agency, Boris Johnson: we considered ‘aquatic raid’ on Netherlands to seize Covid vaccine, The Guardian, Samedi 28 Sep 2024 01.18 CEST, 27 septembre en temps universel.

Descente de police, coup de main de police.

Police raid, police swoop.


rally

De l’ancien français ralier (le moderne rallier).

Du français rallie-papie pour le sens de « course, jeu de piste ».

to rally (infinitive)
rallies (present third-person singular)
rallied (preterite)
rallied (participle past)
rallying (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-rally.wav

The Grecians rally, and their powers unite.


rally

Demonstrations are a form of activism, usually taking the form of a public gathering of people in a rally or walking in a march.


reach

Du vieil anglais rǣċan ; apparenté au néerlandais reiken et à l’allemand reichen.

It’s beyond my reach, but it’s within his reach.

C’est hors d’atteinte pour moi, mais c’est à sa portée.

Ah, but a man’s reach should exceed his grasp, or what’s a heaven for?

Ah, mais la portée d’un homme devrait dépasser sa prise, sinon à quoi sert le ciel ?

The reaches of the Thames.


reach

to reach (infinitive)
reaches (present third-person singular)
reached (preterite)
reached (participle past)
reaching (participle present)

She finally reached her goal.

Être assez grand pour parvenir à quelque chose.

This extension cord won’t reach.

When you reach the next street, turn right.


recommend

to recommend (infinitive)
recommends (present third-person singular)
recommended (preterite)
recommended (participle past)
recommending (participle present)

Attention: On dit « I commend this man to your care. » (Je recommande cet homme à vos bontés.)

I recommend this restaurant highly.

I recommend that you do it.

I strongly recommend him for the position.


recover

De l’ancien français recovrer, du latin recuperare. Apparenté avec to recuperate.

to recover (infinitive)
recovers (present third-person singular)
recovered (preterite)
recovered (participle past)
recovering (participle present)

He recovered the wallet that he had lost.

The patient recovered from the illness.


redress

redress a wrong


rehearse

Du moyen anglais rehersen, de l'anglo-normand, de l'ancien français rehercier (« reherser »), de herce (« herse (instrument agricole) »).

to rehearse (infinitive)
rehearses (present third-person singular)
rehearsed (preterite)
rehearsed (participle past)
rehearsing (participle present)

Répéter (pour s'améliorer avant de se présenter devant quelqu'un ou devant un public), exercer, instruire.

The actors need to rehearse their parts more, before they are ready to present the play in public.


relent

De l’ancien français relenter (« ralentir »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Mélange a trois-relent.wav

relent redirects to yielding in Wikipedia


rely

to rely (infinitive)
relies (present third-person singular)
relied (preterite)
relied (participle past)
relying (participle present)

The city relies on the subway system.

Tools like Google’s AI Overviews and ChatGPT rely heavily on Wikipedia, although they rarely credit the site in their responses.

Stephen Harrison, Wikipedia is facing an existential crisis. Can gen Z save it?, The Guardian, 12 septembre 2024

I relied on you and you betrayed me.

Je t’ai fait confiance et tu m’as trahi(e).

Drivers overestimate the capabilities of these systems while underestimating their limitations; drivers intentionally and unintentionally over-rely on the system; the system increases the propensity of drivers to be inattentive or distracted with other things besides driving; drivers confuse these assisted driving systems for automated driving systems; etc., etc.

Les conducteurs surestiment les capacités de ces systèmes tout en sous-estimant leurs limites ; les conducteurs s'appuient trop, intentionnellement ou non, sur le système ; le système augmente la propension des conducteurs à être inattentifs ou distraits par des choses autres que la conduite ; les conducteurs confondent ces systèmes de conduite assistée avec des systèmes de conduite automatisée ; etc., etc.

Risks of hands-off driving and system-initiated lane changes in Level 2 driver assistance systems, ETSC, September 6, 2024


reprimand

Réprimander, gronder, reprendre, reprocher.

By me thou art reprimanded for thy adulterous intention of repudiating her

H. Walpole, The Castle of Otranto, 3ᵉ édition, 1766. Pages 69-70.


reserve

There was on one side Germany, with its silver monometallism, having to make up its bank reserves only with silver ; and on the other England, with its bi-monometallism, at one time dependent for its reserves on the gold that might come in, at another time running over the Continent to purchase silver for transmission to India.

Guilford Lindsey Molesworth, Silver and Gold: The Money of the World, 1891, page 70


reside

to reside (infinitive)
resides (present third-person singular)
resided (preterite)
resided (participle past)
residing (participle present)

She resides at 231 Main Street, Lincoln, Nebraska.

He is now residing in France.


result

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-result.wav

The result will be computed quickly, even for huge numbers consisting of hundreds of digits, because Euclid's algorithm is extremely efficient.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 133


result

Their decision to change the approach resulted in disaster.


ripe

De l'anglo-saxon rīpe ("mûr"), du proto-germanique *rīpijaz, du proto-indo-européen *h₁rep- ("arracher"). De même origine que le frison occidental ryp ("mûr"), le néerlandais rijp ("mûr"), l'allemand reif ("mûr"). Apparenté à reap.

Don't eat the banana until it's ripe.

The time is ripe for action.


scoff

Don't scoff. I really mean it.

She scoffed at the idea of showing respect to someone of such low character.


scout

De l’ancien français escoute (« écoute »).

(Scoutisme) En Grande-Bretagne on parle de boy scout et girl guide. Aux États-Unis on parle de boy scout et girl scout.

Carson was a courier and scout during the Mexican-American war from 1846 to 1848, celebrated for his rescue mission after the Battle of San Pasqual and his coast-to-coast journey from California to deliver news of the war to the U.S. government in Washington, D.C.

Gunners scout Gilles Grimandi has admitted the club are interested in Montpellier striker Giroud, but says they have a 30-strong list of targets.

Transfer :Arsenal scout confirms interest in Montpellier striker Giroud, Tribalfootball.com, 2 mai 2012

In professional sports, scouts are trained talent evaluators who travel extensively for the purposes of watching athletes play their chosen sports and determining whether their set of skills and talents represent what is needed by the scout 's organization.


scout

to scout (infinitive)
scouts (present third-person singular)
scouted (preterite)
scouted (participle past)
scouting (participle present)

He scouted out the terrain.

He scouted the enemy position.


secondary

The speed limit on national secondary roads will also reduce from 100km/h to 80km/h.

La limitation de vitesse sur les routes nationales secondaires seront réduites de 100km/h à 80km/h.

Speed limits on rural roads to be reduced from 7 February, with more to follow later this year, The Journal, 24 Jan 2025


shell

Mortar shell.

In this code snippet, we need five lines of code to create a list of the first 10 square numbers and print it to the shell.

Christian Mayer, Python One-Liners, No Starch Press, 2020, page xxi


shell

to shell (infinitive)
shells (present third-person singular)
shelled (preterite)
shelled (participle past)
shelling (participle present)

Shell the peas, please.

I had to shell out a thousand bucks!


simply

In the second excerpt transcribed below, Tom Cruise is talking about his work with fellow Hollywood actor Dustin Hoffman, whom he refers to simply as Dustin.

Sally Johnson, Astrid Ensslin, Language in the Media: Representations, Identities, Ideologies, 2007, page 181


slack

slacker (comparative)
slackest (superlative)

Business is slack.


slack

slack dried hops


slice

to slice (infinitive)
slices (present third-person singular)
sliced (preterite)
sliced (participle past)
slicing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-slice.wav

Like strings and lists, items in a tuple are accessed by offset (not by key); they support all the offset-based operations, such as indexing and slicing.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, page 284


sliver

a sliver of glass, a sliver of wood

a sliver of cheese, a sliver of bread


smack

(Goût, gouter) (XIIIᵉ siècle) Du vieil anglais smaec, apparenté à smaak (« gout ») en néerlandais, schmecken (« gouter, avoir du gout ») en allemand ; à tort rapprocher du sens de « faire un bruit de lèvre » comme si le sens du gout procédait des lèvres.

(Faire un bruit de lèvre, baiser sonore) (XVIᵉ siècle) D’une onomatopée et apparenté à smash, mash ou smatch ; avec schmatzen (« manger bruyamment ») en allemand, smakken (« faire du bruit avec les lèvres »).

(Gifler, frapper, gifle) (1835) Dérive du précédent avec l’influence du bas-allemand smacken (« frapper »).

(Smack, navire léger) (Vers 1610) Probablement du néerlandais ou du bas-allemand et apparenté au précédent : le bruit des voiles étant rapproché de celui d’un coup.

(Héroïne) (1942) Altération de schmeck (« drogue ») qui provient du yiddish שמעקן, shmekn (« gouter par le nez, sentir, sniffer ») et apparenté à smack au sens de « gout, gouter », ci-dessus.

Rice pudding with a smack of cinnamon.

He was not sailorly, and yet he had a smack of the sea about him too.

…et pourtant, il avait en lui le goût pour la mer.

Robert Louis Stevenson, Treasure Island, 1883


smack

to smack (infinitive)
smacks (present third-person singular)
smacked (preterite)
smacked (participle past)
smacking (participle present)

He soon smacked the taste of physic hidden in this sweetness.

Her reckless behavior smacks of pride.


smack

Faire du bruit avec les lèvres, faire un bruit de succion.

After that delicious meal, he smacked his lips with delight.


smack

he took the bride about the neck. And kissed her lips with such a clamorous smack.

William Shakespeare, The Taming of the Shrew, 1592


smack

To smack one’s forehead

se taper le front (lorsqu’on réalise soudainement quelque chose)

If you do that again, I’ll smack you so hard, you’ll be flying to the Moon.


smack

Now pay attention, or I’ll give you another smack.


smack

Congratulations! You hit the target smack in the middle.

Félicitations ! Vous avez frappé la cible d’un coup au centre.


smack

A smack was a traditional fishing boat used off the coast of Britain and the Atlantic coast of America.

Smack (ship) sur l’encyclopédie Wikipédia (en anglais)


smack

Claude overdosed on smack in a Chicago flophouse three years later.


span

Du moyen anglais spanne, du vieil anglais spann, du proto-germanique.

Portée d'une poutre, du tablier d'un pont. De manière générale, longueur d'une pièce entre deux appuis.

The span of that bridge is 100 meters.

It took a span of three years to build that bridge.

That bridge consists of three spans.


span

to span (infinitive)
spans (present third-person singular)
spanned (preterite)
spanned (participle past)
spanning (participle present)

Recouvrir (une aire géographique, un domaine de connaissances, etc.).

The global scope spans a single file only.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, page 507


spurt

Poussée, à-coup, coup de collier, effort soudain.

A growth spurt.


startle

to startle (infinitive)
startles (present third-person singular)
startled (preterite)
startled (participle past)
startling (participle present)

The sudden noise startled me.


stave

Nouveau singulier de staves, lui-même pluriel de staff.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-stave.wav

Strophe ou stance d'un poème ou d'une chanson.

The Christmas Carol of Charles Dickens is composed of five staves.

Le "Chant de Noël" de Dickens est composé de cinq strophes.


stingy

stingier (comparative)
stingiest (superlative)

Stingy s’emploie spécialement dans les cas plus petits, quand on dépense peu. Miserly s’emploie spécialement dans la manière de vivre une vie. Greedy signifie que l’on veut gagner plus.

He is stingy with his nickels and dimes, but generous generous with his love.


stray

De l’ancien français estrai, lui-même issue du verbe d’estrayer, provenant du bas latin pava strada « route pavée ».

I made effort to arouse myself by aid of frequent Lafitte, and, all failing, I betook myself to a stray newspaper in despair. (The Angel of the Odd - Edgar Allan Poe)

Je m’efforçai de me réveiller avec force verres de laffitte, et, n’y pouvant réussir, de désespoir j’eus recours à un numéro de journal égaré près de moi.

Stray cat : chat errant

Stray bullet : balle perdue


straightforward

You can trust her. She's a very straightforward type.

Tu peux lui faire confiance. Elle est du genre honnête.

The instructions seem straightforward.


strict

Du latin strictus (« serré, étroit, rigoureux, strict »).

In this department, we must follow strict guidelines.

She had a very strict father.


stringent

She has a very stringent attitude toward discipline.

This product is manufactured to stringent standards.


sufficient

(Siècle à préciser) Du moyen français sufficient, issu du latin sufficiēns.

That’s almost sufficient, but any extra keyword arguments are silently ignored.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O’Reilly, 2013, page 570

Not all that Mrs. Bennet, however, with the assistance of her five daughters, could ask on the subject, was sufficient to draw from her husband any satisfactory description of Mr. Bingley.

Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. 1, chapitre 3, 3ᵉ éd., T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1817, page 10


suite

Suite de pièces dans un hôtel ou dans un appartement.

He must be rich! He rented the entire penthouse suite.

suite for orchestra

Collection de logiciels, de scripts ayant la même finalité et pouvant partager en outre une interface commune ou un format de données commun. (test suite, software suite, office suite).

We'll need a large test suite to test the reliability of the software.


surmise

De l’ancien français surmis participe passé de surmettre.

to surmise (infinitive)
surmises (present third-person singular)
surmised (preterite)
surmised (participle past)
surmising (participle present)

As you can surmise, a higher death rate ratio is not a good sign.


sway

Du vieux norrois sveigja (planer, flatter)

to sway (infinitive)
sways (present third-person singular)
swayed (preterite)
swayed (participle past)
swaying (participle present)

sway people's opinions


thirst

I thirst for knowledge and education will sate me.

J’ai soif de savoir et l’éducation me rassasiera.

Drink up if you thirst.


tint

If we can find just the right tint of green, the room will be perfect.


tint

This car comes with tinted windshields to help block out the sun.

Let’s tint this white paint with just a touch of green.


track

(XVᵉ siècle) De l’ancien français trac (« trace, piste »), apparenté à trek et trace. (1805) sens de « voie ferrée » ; (1827) sens de « piste de course pour chevaux ».

To be on track.

Être sur la bonne voie, suivre le chemin tracé.

To cover one’s tracks.

Brouiller les pistes, couvrir ses arrières.

To lose track.


treat

I took the kids to the zoo for a treat.


treat

to treat (infinitive)
treats (present third-person singular)
treated (preterite)
treated (participle past)
treating (participle present)

You treated me like a fool.

Cicero's writing treats mainly of old age and personal duty.

I treated the photo somewhat to make the colours more pronounced.

I treated my son to some popcorn in the interval.

I've done so well this month, I'll treat you all to dinner.

They treated me for malaria.

The candidates will be fined if they treat the voters.

Les candidats seront condamnés à une amende s'ils corrompent les votants.


trenchant

De l’ancien français trenchant, du verbe trenchier (« couper »).

more trenchant (comparative)
most trenchant (superlative)
trenchaunt (obsolete)

trenchant remark

[…], perhaps the best test of her mettle and merit for securing the position of director of national intelligence came in her trenchant critique of the deep state she would oversee.

Ben Weingarten, Kash Patel Is Perfect For FBI Director Because He Already Fought The Deep State And Won, site thefederalist.com, février 2025


trend

En moyen anglais, trenden avait le sens de « tourner », apparenté à trindle, trundle.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-trend.wav

the trend of a coastline

The trend of stock-market prices is generally upwards.

There is a trend, these days, for people in films not to smoke.

Miniskirts were one of the biggest trends of the 1960s.


trend

to trend (infinitive)
trends (present third-person singular)
trended (preterite)
trended (participle past)
trending (participle present)

The shore of the sea trends to the southwest.

What topics have been trending on social networks this week?


uneasy

As he did not return, the family became uneasy, and going to the door by which he had left the house, his father called without receiving an answer.

Ambrose Bierce, Charles Asmore’s Trail, 1888, éd. 2008, ISBN 978-0-141-03881-0


unkind

(Siècle à préciser)Dérivé de kind, avec le préfixe un-.

Qui n’est pas gentil, qui manque de gentillesse.

He meant not to be unkind however, and, as a mark of his affection for the three girls, he left them a thousand pounds a-piece.

Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , chapitre 1, T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1811, page 5


unwrap

to unwrap (infinitive)
unwraps (present third-person singular)
unwrapped (preterite)
unwrapped (participle past)
unwrapping (participle present)

Are you going to unwrap your gifts now?


weighty

The great men sat in a room and talked about weighty matters.


whirlwind

Composé de whirl « tourner sur soi-même », et de wind « vent ».

(…) the arrest of two black men at a Philadelphia Starbucks spun the Seattle-based coffee chain into a whirlwind of controversy (…)

Patricia Madej, Philadelphia Starbucks arrests: What we've learned a week later, The Inquirer, 2018-04-19


wrack

to wrack (infinitive)
wracks (present third-person singular)
wracked (preterite)
wracked (participle past)
wracking (participle present)

I wracked my brains to find a solution.


vouch

De l'ancien français voucher, du latin vocare.

to vouch (infinitive)
vouches (present third-person singular)
vouched (preterite)
vouched (participle past)
vouching (participle present)

Can you vouch for his behavior?


valour

Vaillance, valeur (14 : bravoure, mérite, vaillance, vertu guerrière).

ancient stories of bravery and valour


disposition

Du latin dispositio. → voir dispose et -tion

sunny disposition


message

(XIIIᵉ siècle) De l’ancien français message.

to message (infinitive)
messages (present third-person singular)
messaged (preterite)
messaged (participle past)
messaging (participle present)

I’ll message her later; I’m busy right now.

Je lui transmettrai le message plus tard ; là je suis occupé.


arrowhead

Gules a lynx's head guardant or, tongued azure and ear-crested sable, on an embattled chief or a cross pattée with two arrowheads pointing towards it on both sides all sable, coat of arms of the municipality of Janakkala in Finland

De gueules, à un rencontre de lynx d'or, lampassé d’azur et aux oreilles crêtées de sable, à un chef bastillé d’or chargé d'une croix pattée de sable entre deux fers de flèches appointés du même, qui est de la commune de Janakkala en Finlande


malicious

(Milieu XIIIᵉ siècle) De l’ancien français malicios.

A handful of common lures still have astounding success in compromising computers: phishing emails, malicious links and the king of them all: the malicious Microsoft Office document.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)

JeremyKirk, The Malicious Macros Problem May Be Solved Soon, Bank Info Security, 6 novembre 2019


trip

De l’ancien français treper, triper, apparenté à tramp, trap, trample.

This particular trip, combined with years of pursuing wahoo on standard long-range outings, provided a number of lessons applicable to fly fishing these wild ones.

Nick Curcione, Orvis Guide to Saltwater Fly Fishing, 2008, page 187


trip

to trip (infinitive)
trips (present third-person singular)
tripped (preterite)
tripped (participle past)
tripping (participle present)

When he tripped, he bloodied his knee.


pointless

Why are you looking at this broken clock? It is pointless.

Pourquoi regardes-tu cette horloge cassée? C’est inutile.


ultimately

Ultimately, he will have to make a decision before the end of the week.

En définitive, il devra prendre une décision avant la fin de la semaine.


despair

Du vieil anglais despeir, de l’ancien français desperer.

to despair (infinitive)
despairs (present third-person singular)
despaired (preterite)
despaired (participle past)
despairing (participle present)

I would not despair the greatest design that could be attempted.

Don't despair. I'm sure that help will come.

We despaired even of life.

I despair of this child.


clip

(Sens 1) D’origine germanique, le sens en vieil anglais signifiait embrasser et embrassade.

Strong audio signals will override the sawtooth waveform and will result in a clipped audio signal.

Des signaux audio forts remplaceront la forme d'onde en dents de scie et entraîneront un signal audio écrêté.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings, volume 13, page 433


clip

They played a clip of last night’s debate.

Ils ont lancé un extrait du débat de la nuit dernière.

I went into the salon to get a clip.

J’allai dans le salon pour que l’on me fasse une coupe.

He was walking at a pretty good clip and I was out of breath trying to keep up.

Il marchait à un bon rythme et je perdais mon souffle en essayant de suivre.


ridiculous

more ridiculous (comparative)
most ridiculous (superlative)

She told the story however with great spirit among her friends; for she had a lively, playful disposition, which delighted in any thing ridiculous.

Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. 1, chapitre 3, 3ᵉ éd., T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1817, page 15


comrade

The bodies of Russian soldiers are lying in the streets of a key eastern Ukrainian town following their comrades’ retreat that marked the latest defeat for Moscow.

Bodies of Russian soldiers lie in town recaptured by Ukraine, Aljazeera, 2022-10-04

Titre non-hiérarchisé utilisé dans certains milieux communistes à l’instar de Mr., Ms. et Mx.

Comrade Lenin inspired our people to undertake great works.


explode

He exploded the bomb before it could do any damage.

The bomb exploded.

He exploded with laughter.


stoop

The old man walked with a stoop.


stoop

to stoop (infinitive)
stoops (present third-person singular)
stooped (preterite)
stooped (participle past)
stooping (participle present)

Ian Blackford, the SNP leader at Westminster, said this morning he refused to withdraw his claim in the Commons yesterday that Boris Johnson had misled MPs because he did not want to stoop to Johnson’s level.

« UK politics live: Raab admits no evidence justifies Johnson’s anti-Starmer Savile smear », The Guardian,1ᵉʳ février 2022


old man

(Date à préciser)Composé de old (« vieux ») et de man (« homme »), littéralement « vieil homme ».

The old man needs a wheelchair.

Le viellard a besoin d’un fauteuil roulant.

I’m a doctor, just like my old man and his old man too.

Je suis médecin, comme papa et son papa.


barrack

Barracks est plus commun pour le nom barrack.

Barrack soldier.


unlimited

more unlimited (comparative)
most unlimited (superlative)

unlimited viewing of on-line movies


diagram

Le mot diagram n’a pas le sens péjoratif de schématiser.

He taught English, especially how to parse and diagram sentences, over and over, so that the structure of the language became embedded in one’s brain and was like gravity - no personal concern yet omnipresent.

Andrea Dworkin, Heartbreak: The Political Memoir of a Feminist Militant, « The Pedophilic Teacher », Continuum, 2006 (2002), Londres, page 12


summon

De l'anglo-normand somoundre, venant lui-même de l'ancien français sumundre, du latin summonere. L'origine vient du proto-indo-européen *monéyeti.

to summon (infinitive)
summons (present third-person singular)
summoned (preterite)
summoned (participle past)
summoning (participle present)

The king summoned his knights of the realm to appear at his court one week hence.

in any one of which cases, the miserable little being was usually summoned into another world, and there gathered to the fathers it had never known in this.

alors le malheureux petit être partait pour l’autre monde, où il allait retrouver des parents qu’il n’avait pas connus dans celui-ci.

The emperor's speech summoned visions of glory.


thereby

About thirty years ago Miss Maria Ward ... had the good luck to captivate Sir Thomas Bertram ... and to be thereby raised to the rank of a baronet's lady, with all the comforts and consequences of an handsome house and large income.

Il y a une trentaine d’années, miss Maria Ward ... eut le bonheur de captiver sir Thomas Bertram ... et de se trouver par-là élevée au rang d’épouse d’un baronnet, avec tous les agréments et l’importance d’une belle maison et d’un grand revenu.

Together with Professor Lindt, we will produce a defensive weapon that will make all offensive nuclear weapons obsolete and thereby abolish the terror of nuclear warfare.

Avec le professeur Lindt, nous produirons une arme défensive qui rendra obsolètes toutes les armes nucléaires offensives et abolira ainsi la terreur de la guerre nucléaire.

Conférence de presse du personnage de Michael Armstrong (joué parPaul Newman) à son arrivée à Berlin-Est, vers 28 minutes 20 secondes, dans le film Torn Curtain (1966), réalisé par Alfred Hitchcock, sur un scénario de Brian Moore


commonly

They'll commonly head downtown after they've been drinking for a while.

They twisted her words to create a meaning that is quite different from what one would commonly understand from her original statement.


provide

to provide (infinitive)
provides (present third-person singular)
provided (preterite)
provided (participle past)
providing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-provide.wav

This is referred to as linear growth because the number of recursive calls is directly proportional to the value of the argument provided when the function is first called.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 131

New operating systems, and new versions of existing systems, may also provide execution techniques beyond those outlined here.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python,5ᵉ édition, O'Reilly, 2013, page 85

This particular trip, combined with years of pursuing wahoo on standard long-range outings, provided a number of lessons applicable to fly fishing these wild ones.


concerning

Dérivé de concern, avec le suffixe -ing.

That’s concerning.


conceive

(XIIIᵉ siècle) De l’ancien français concevoir.

to conceive (infinitive)
conceives (present third-person singular)
conceived (preterite)
conceived (participle past)
conceiving (participle present)

I can't even conceive of such a notion.

Can you conceive a new layout to replace the faulty one?

Soon afer their marriage, the couple conceived a child.


shift

En vieil anglais sciftan (« répartir, arranger »), apparenté à schichten (« séparer, stratifier »), Schicht (« strate, équipe, shift ») en allemand, schiften (« séparer, trier »), geschift (« tourné ») en néerlandais, skifta (« répartir, partager ») en suédois. En anglais, il est passé du sens de « répartir, arranger » à « déplacer, changer de place », puis « changer ».

Plus avant, du radical indo-européen *skē̆i- (« couper, scinder » ; latin scio, scindo) avec un crément -b : *skē̆ib- qui donne aussi ship, esquif en français, shqip en albanais.

I spotted a shift in the position of the star.

They executed a sudden shift to the right, to fake out the opposition team.

I've been assigned to work the night shift.

J'ai été affecté à l'équipe de nuit (au travail de nuit).

The Great Vowel Shift.

Le grand changement vocalique, modification importante de la prononciation de l'anglais, qui eut globalement lieu au tournant des quatorzième et quinzième siècles.

Iotacism is the process of vowel shift by which a number of vowels and diphthongs converged towards the pronunciation [i] in post-classical Greek and Modern Greek.

L'iotacisme est une modification phonétique consistant en la transformation de voyelles ou diphthonques vers une prononciation en [i] en grec post-classique et moderne.


shift

to shift (infinitive)
shifts (present third-person singular)
shifted (preterite)
shifted (participle past)
shifting (participle present)

The enemy has shifted its position.

The wind is shifting. That's a signal for us to return to shore.

Le vent tourne ; il faut rentrer au port.

The government has shifted the burden of health care from the corporation to the taxpayer.

Everybody, shift over to make room for Tom.


diminish

to diminish (infinitive)
diminishes (present third-person singular)
diminished (preterite)
diminished (participle past)
diminishing (participle present)

While the popularity of cheques as a payment method has diminished in recent years, some companies still issue them to pay employees or vendors.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, p. 105


preservation

Dérivé de preserve, avec le suffixe -tion.

ˌpɹɛz.əɹ.ˈveɪ.ʃən

He worked hard for the preservation of that fine antique table.

Architectural preservation.

Preservation and restoration of old films.


mince

De l’ancien français mincier, apparenté à mince en français.

to mince (infinitive)
minces (present third-person singular)
minced (preterite)
minced (participle past)
mincing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-mince.wav

Let’s not mince words.

(Sens figuré) Disons les choses carrément.

To mince one’s words.

(Sens figuré) Parler du bout des lèvres.


upcoming

As we'll see in upcoming chapters, Python's lists, dictionaries, and the like provide richer—and usually better—ways to encode information than bit strings, especially when your data's audience includes readers of the human variety.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 160


worry

to worry (infinitive)
worries (present third-person singular)
worried (preterite)
worried (participle past)
worrying (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-worry.wav

What? Me, worry?

Mad Magazine, leit-motiv de Alfred E. Neumann, le garçon - devenu l’icône du magazine - à qui il manque une dent en première de couverture

We should all be worried about the possibility of an economic crisis.

She worried over what would happen tomorrow.

Stop worrying over the baby. He'll be fine.


worry

The way you're driving is worrying me.


brandish

Brandir, agiter une arme par colère ou par menace.

The bank robber was brandishing his weapon.


collection

Du latin collectio (« action de recueillir, réunion, amas, rassemblement, collection »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-collection.wav

the collection of taxes


item

Item, élément d’un ensemble, d’une liste.

In a nutshell, an object is iterable if it is either a physically stored sequence in memory, or an object that generates one item at a time in the context of an iteration operation—a sort of "virtual" sequence.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, page 123


uncouth

uncouther (comparative)
uncouthest (superlative)
more uncouth (comparative)
most uncouth (superlative)

Before long, spitting in public spaces came to be considered uncouth, and swigging from shared bottles was frowned upon as well.

Rapidement, cracher dans les espaces publics vint à être considéré fruste et boire depuis des bouteilles partagées devint également mal vu.

Katherine A.Foss, Smythsonian Magazine,1ᵉʳ Avril 2020


prodigious

He has prodigious strength.


challenge

De l’ancien français chalonge, lui-même issu du latin calumnia.

\ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ\

\ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ\

\ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ\

\ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ\

ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ

ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ

ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ

ˈt͡ʃæl.ənd͡ʒ

Défi, chalenge (de ou par un adversaire, une situation).

The greatest measure of a man is not the way he handles times of comfort but in the way he rises through controversy and challenges.


ownership

\ˈəʊ.nə.ʃɪp\

The courts will decide the ownership of the contested property.

She had to show a receipt in order to demonstrate ownership of the diamond ring.


assembly

Rassemblement, réunion, accumulation de personnes.

An assembly of many people

The national assembly.


promptly

I promptly got on the phone and returned her call.


adjourn

to adjourn (infinitive)
adjourns (present third-person singular)
adjourned (preterite)
adjourned (participle past)
adjourning (participle present)

We adjourned the meeting after two hours.

Let's adjourn to a different location.


outlaw

Composé de out et de law, littéralement « hors-la-loi ».

Robin Hood and his Merrie Men were famous outlaws.


rendition

(Date à préciser) De l’ancien français rendition (« action de rendre »).

The group’s debut, Beloved Symphony, featuring light opera renditions of Mozart, Bach and Chopin, was deemed insufficiently classic for inclusion on the classical charts.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)

Paul Lester, The Guardian, 12 avril 2011


faculty

Corps enseignant, ensemble du personnel d’une université qui assure l’enseignement.

As health care educators and professionals, we remain true to our science-based training and rely on facts, but also feel the utmost compassion for our faculty, students and associates in the Dallas campus.

Nous, professionnels et formateurs du domaine de la santé, fidèles à notre formation scientifique, nous basons sur les faits, ce qui ne nous empêche pas de ressentir la plus profonde compassion envers les enseignants, les étudiants et les collaborateurs du campus de Dallas.

Jeb Egbert, Letter from the Provost - Ebola (en ligne), West Coast University


resolute

(1522) Du latin resolutus (participe passé de revolvo).

more resolute (comparative)
most resolute (superlative)

She is resolute. She will not change her mind.

Resolute and wild of look, rapid of foot and yet weak and uncertain, conspicuously dressed in its black garments and with its hurried head-covering, gaunt and of an unearthly paleness, it pressed forward, taking no more heed of the throng than a sleep-walker.

L’air résolu, mais effaré, aussi pâle et aussi maigre qu’un spectre, elle s’avançait d’un pas rapide, quoique faible et incertain, dans son antique costume tout noir, avec son étrange coiffure, sans faire plus d’attention qu’une somnambule aux nombreux passants.


harmonious

Dérivé de harmony, avec le suffixe -ous.

The picture of the white sails of the boats against the blue sky created a harmonious effect.

The sound of the ocean waves lapping against the shore created a wonderful harmonious feeling in him as he lay there.


hood

Du vieil anglais hod, apparenté à hat, de l’indo-européen *kadʰ-.

monk's hood


glue

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-glue.wav

We need some glue code to attach this other software to our current code.

Perl is a classic example of a glue language.


midday

It’s thirty minutes past midday.


plunder

(Vers 1630) Mot emprunté à l’allemand plündern (« piller ») durant la Guerre de Trente Ans.

to plunder (infinitive)
plunders (present third-person singular)
plundered (preterite)
plundered (participle past)
plundering (participle present)

The mercenaries plundered the small town.

The real bourgoisie, thouse in the £2,000 a year class and over, have their money as a thick layer of padding between themselves and the class they plunder;

La vraie bourgeoisie, ceux qui dépassent 2000£ par an, ont leur argent comme une épaisse couche de capitonnage entre eux et la classe qu'ils pillent ;

George Orwell, The road to Wigan Pier (Penguin twentieth century classics,) 1989, p. 116.


mount

The ancient Greeks believed that the gods lived on Mount Olympus.

Monture ; animal (cheval, âne, mulet, etc.) que l’on monte.

The hero got up onto his trusty mount and rode off into the sunset.

Monture ; métal employé pour assembler, réunir, encadrer les différentes pièces dont se forment une tabatière, un étui, un vase, un bijou quelconque.

Ring mount, photo mount, lens mount, telescope mount.

London Borough of Ealing: Argent, an oak tree proper fructed or, growing out of a a grassy mount ; on a chief gules, three Saxon crowns or.


mount

Mount a horse, mount an expedition, mount an operation

Monter (rattacher un périphérique à l’arborescence des répertoires pour le rendre accessible au système d’exploitation).

In Linux, you have to mount a filesystem before you can use it.


sympathy

I'm just a poor boy, I need no sympathy

Je ne suis qu’un pauvre gars, je n’ai pas besoin de pitié

Freddie Mercury, Bohemian Rhapsody, in A Night at the Opera (album de Queen), 1975


bunch

I grabbed a bunch of cherries in my hand to eat as I walked out.


pursue

to pursue (infinitive)
pursues (present third-person singular)
pursued (preterite)
pursued (participle past)
pursuing (participle present)

This particular trip, combined with years of pursuing wahoo on standard long-range outings, provided a number of lessons applicable to fly fishing these wild ones.

Nick Curcione, Orvis Guide to Saltwater Fly Fishing, 2008, page 187

She pursued her love of education without giving up.


sore

sorer (comparative)
sorest (superlative)

My eyes feel sore.

My fingers are sore, I have typed too much.

J’ai les doigts douloureux, j’ai trop tapé au clavier.

Don’t be sore at me. I wasn’t the one who did it.

Ne sois pas irrité à mon égard. Ce n’est pas moi qui ai fait cela.

The issue of the inheritance has always been a sore point with her.

Le problème de l’héritage a toujours été un point douloureux avec elle.


sore

His body had become a mass of sores due to the illness.

Son corps est devenu une masse de plaies à cause de la maladie.


audible

Définition manquante ou à compléter. (Ajouter)

The audible changed the play to a run.


audible

The quarterback audibled after seeing the defensive formation.


binding

I'm sorry, but the contract that you signed is binding.

This seat belt is binding.


binding

“Can your chap restore it?”
“I don’t know…” The leather was cracked, some of the pages had been dog-eared, and the binding was frayed almost to nonexistence.
“I’m afraid the attic in which they found it had a leaky roof,” the customer said casually.

Binding : module de liaison d'une bibliothèque pour un autre langage de programmation

And for Vi aficionados, it is possible to configure Bash to recognize Vi-style binding instead

Michael Stutz, The Linux Cookbook (2ème édition), No Starch Press,San Francisco, 2004, page 55


reign

England prospered under Elizabeth I.’s reign.

The reign of Victoria was a long one.


reign

to reign (infinitive)
reigns (present third-person singular)
reigned (preterite)
reigned (participle past)
reigning (participle present)

The Queen reigns, but she does not rule, and they who rule live on the policy they make acceptable to a majority of voters.

DonnPiatt, Civil Service: Its Rot and Its Remedy, 1885


chisel

De l’ancien français chisel (« ciseau »).

Similarly, if you take a sharp chisel and shave it along a board in the direction the grain is lying, then it will shave nicely, […].

Nick Offerman, Good Clean Fun: Misadventures in Sawdust at Offerman Woodshop, Dutton, 18 octobre 2016, page 51


generate

to generate (infinitive)
generates (present third-person singular)
generated (preterite)
generated (participle past)
generating (participle present)

ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.eɪt

ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.eɪt

In that exercise a better approximation of the square root was generated with each additional loop iteration.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 135

In a nutshell, an object is iterable if it is either a physically stored sequence in memory, or an object that generates one item at a time in the context of an iteration operation—a sort of "virtual" sequence.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 123


various

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-various.wav

On emploie varied pour accentuer la variété. On emploie various dans le sens de plusieurs.

There are various ways to fix the problem.

The reasons are various.


threshold

Du vieil anglais þrescold (« point d’entrée »).

He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy tail crossed the threshold and whined:

Et il allait s’élancer vers le fond de la vallée, quand une petite ombre à queue touffue barra l’ouverture et jappa :


fasten

to fasten (infinitive)
fastens (present third-person singular)
fastened (preterite)
fastened (participle past)
fastening (participle present)

The sailor fastened the boat to the dock with a half-hitch.

Le marin a attaché le bateau au quai avec un nœud.


forefather

Dérivé de father, avec le préfixe fore-.

\ˈfɔː.ˌfɑː.ðə(ɹ)\

\ˈfɔː.ˌfɑː.ðə(ɹ)\

ˈfɔɹ.ˌfɑː.ðɚ

If the Bill of Rights contains no guarantee that a citizen shall be secure against lethal poisons distributed either by private individuals or by public officials, it is surely only because our forefathers, despite their considerable wisdom and foresight, could conceive of no such problem.

Si la Déclaration des Droits ne contient aucune garantie qu’un citoyen doive être à l’abri de poisons mortels distribués ou bien par des individus privés ou par des fonctionnaires, c’est sûrement seulement parce que nos ancêtres, malgré leur sagesse et leur prévoyance considérables, ne pouvaient concevoir tel problème.


spank

(1727) (Verbe) D’origine inconnue.
(1785) (Nom commun) Déverbal de spank.

to spank (infinitive)
spanks (present third-person singular)
spanked (preterite)
spanked (participle past)
spanking (participle present)

The parents spanked the naughty children.

Les parents fessèrent les vilains enfants.


exercise

Du moyen anglais exercise, de l’ancien français exercise, du latin exercitium (« exercice militaire, manœuvre »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-exercise.wav

physical exercise, mental exercise, yoga exercise, military exercise, textbook exercise.

Many of the exercises in this chapter read data from a file.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, p. 117


exercise

to exercise (infinitive)
exercises (present third-person singular)
exercised (preterite)
exercised (participle past)
exercising (participle present)

I try to exercise three times per week.

You're getting lazy. Exercise your brain.

Please! Exercise some self-restraint before you speak.

exercise a financial trading option

Causer de l'anxiété, de l'alarme ou de l'indignation chez quelqu'un.

The politician felt exercised by the lack of public support for her program.


movement

My slow movements calmed the horse.

Mes mouvements lents ont apaisé le cheval.

Her movements were graceful and elegant.

Ses mouvements étaient gracieux et élégants.


bond

Bonds are usually a more conservative investment than stocks.

The prisoner was brought before the tribunal in iron bonds.

Le prisonnier fut amené devant le tribunal dans les fers.

There is a special bond between us.

bond of friendship, bond of love - chaine d'amitié, chaine d'amour

Liaison entre deux atomes d’une même molécule.

NaCl (table salt) forms an ionic bond.

chemical bond - liaison chimique


bond

to bond (infinitive)
bonds (present third-person singular)
bonded (preterite)
bonded (participle past)
bonding (participle present)

A house’s distribution panel should always be bonded to the grounding rods via a panel bond.


repellent

Let's spray some insect repellent on you if we're going to stay outdoors.


raft

Du vieux norrois raptr, signifiant à l’origine rayon ou chevron. Apparenté à rafter, au danois raft, au vieux norrois ráfr (« toit »).

My raft was now strong enough to bear any reasonable weight. My next care was what to load it with, and how to preserve what I laid upon it from the surf of the sea

Do not wear high heels inside an inflatable raft to avoid puncture risks

Ne pas porter de talons aiguille à l’intérieur du canot de sauvetage gonflable, afin d’éviter de le percer.

All we’ve ever got from you is a raft of promises

Wolves travel in packs but otters travel in rafts.


raft

to raft (infinitive)
rafts (present third-person singular)
rafted (preterite)
rafted (participle past)
rafting (participle present)

She wants us to go whitewater rafting.


zigzag

She drew a zigzag line on a sheet of paper.

Elle dessina une ligne en zigzag sur une feuille de papier.


zigzag

to zigzag (infinitive)
zigzags (present third-person singular)
zigzagged (preterite)
zigzagged (participle past)
zigzagging (participle present)

They zigzagged through the streets of London, with no clear idea where they were heading.

Ils zigzaguèrent dans les rues de Londres, sans une idée claire de là où ils se rendaient.

He zigged when he should have zagged. (adage humoristique)

Il était dans le zig alors qu'il aurait dû être dans le zag.


improbable

more improbable (comparative)
most improbable (superlative)

"When you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."

« Lorsque vous avez éliminé l’impossible, ce qui reste, aussi improbable que cela paraisse, doit être la vérité. »

Arthur Conan Doyle, The Sign of the Four, 1890


surly

surlier (comparative)
surliest (superlative)

Revêche, rébarbatif, hargneux, grincheux, renfrogné, maussade.

John May was of a morose and surly disposition, not easily moved to anger, but having an uncommon gift of sullen, implacable hate.

John May était de disposition morose et bougonne, peu aisément emporté par la colère, mais ayant un don peu commun pour la haine obstinée et implacable.

Ambrose Bierce, The Thing at Nolan, 1891, édition 2008, ISBN 978-0-141-03881-0


everyday

She wanted to get away from the everyday routine.

Elle voulait sortir de la routine quotidien.

If a wavelength can be associated with every moving particle, then why are we not forcibly made aware of this property in our everyday experience?

Allan Adams, 8:04 Quantum Mechanics — Problem Set 1, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 05/02/2013 → lire en ligne


screen

De l’ancien français escren, dont est issu le français écran.

Televisions with 50 inch screens are now becoming common.


task

All hail, great master! grave sir, hail! I come
To answer thy best pleasure; be't to fly,
To swim, to dive into the fire, to ride
On the curl'd clouds, to thy strong bidding task
Ariel and all his quality.

Shakespeare, The Tempest, acte 1 scène 2


task

to task (infinitive)
tasks (present third-person singular)
tasked (preterite)
tasked (participle past)
tasking (participle present)

There task thy maids, and exercise the loom.

Too impudent to task me with those errors.


altruistic

more altruistic (comparative)
most altruistic (superlative)

His helping the old lady with her shopping was deemed highly altruistic by everyone, especially since her home was a mile away.


shun

Du moyen anglais shǒnen (refuser de faire, éviter, craindre).

to shun (infinitive)
shuns (present third-person singular)
shunned (preterite)
shunned (participle past)
shunning (participle present)

The reasons go deeper than the belief that consumers would shun a vehicle being sold by a bankrupt automaker.


council

Attention, le mot conseil se traduit par council ou par counsel. Mais ils ne sont pas synonymes.

Council of Nicaea


fence

(XIVᵉ siècle) Apocope de defence, apparenté à fend (« se défendre, repousser une attaque »).

(XVIIIᵉ siècle) Sens argotique de « recéleur » avec l’idée de faire quelque chose de défendu, avec défense d’en parler, sous le sceau du secret.

We built six fences in order to put fencing around the entire property.

Nous avons bâti six barrières pour mettre une clôture à la propriété.

picket fence.


fence

to fence (infinitive)
fences (present third-person singular)
fenced (preterite)
fenced (participle past)
fencing (participle present)

…O thou wall,
That girdlest in those wolves, dive in the earth,
And fence not Athens.

«Ô murs qui renfermez ces loups dévorants ; abîmez-vous sous la terre et ne défendez plus Athènes.»

William Shakespeare, Timon of Athens, 1607

Escrimer (disputer l’un contre l’autre sur quelque matière d’érudition, de science).

Stop fencing in this game of witty repartee, and just speak plainly.

He was arrested for fencing stolen goods.


posture

To further develop their potential, EU policymakers should reconsider how these elements contribute to a cumulative posture aimed at dissuading adversary actors from spreading disinformation and conducting influence operations and foreign interference.

JamesPamment, « The EU’s Role in the Fight Against Disinformation: Developing Policy Interventions for the 2020s », Carnegie Endowment, 30 septembre 2020


curb

Curbs can be redesigned to be more accessible to the disabled.

Ciara Nugent, « All the Stops », Time, 12-19 avril 2021, p.59


curb

to curb (infinitive)
curbs (present third-person singular)
curbed (preterite)
curbed (participle past)
curbing (participle present)

The point of lockdown is to curb the coronavirus pandemic.

L'intérêt du confinement est de freiner la pandémie de coronavirus.


border

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-border.wav

Troops along the southern border were obstructed at Al-Tanf, a crucial crossing into Iraq.

John Foster, Oil and World Politics, 2018, page 80


composition

That’s a beautiful musical composition.

What is the composition of this material?

Quelle est la composition de ce matériau ?


supply

The economic laws of supply and demand.

Les lois économiques de l’offre et de la demande.


supply

to supply (infinitive)
supplies (present third-person singular)
supplied (preterite)
supplied (participle past)
supplying (participle present)

Her co-author supplied the missing phrase in the sentence.


notice

to notice (infinitive)
notices (present third-person singular)
noticed (preterite)
noticed (participle past)
noticing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-notice.wav

I wanted someone who cared about me in particular, as an individual, enough to notice that I could not get a zero on a vocabulary test because I had too big a vocabulary.

Andrea Dworkin, Heartbreak: The Political Memoir of a Feminist Militant, « Plato », Continuum, 2006 (2002), Londres, pages 25-26


chuck

to chuck (infinitive)
chucks (present third-person singular)
chucked (preterite)
chucked (participle past)
chucking (participle present)

Harris is what you would call a well-made man of about number one size, and looks hard and bony, and the man measured him up and down, and said he would go and consult his master, and then come back and chuck us both into the river.

Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat, VIII, 1889


mostly

Mostly, he's a good worker.

Mostly, I get along with her well.

This mostly works.

Mostly I'm too busy to cook. The weekends are the only time I have a chance to cook.


terminate

to terminate (infinitive)
terminates (present third-person singular)
terminated (preterite)
terminated (participle past)
terminating (participle present)

Il s'agit d'un faux-ami. Terminate something veut dire cesser quelque chose immédiatement, sans en atteindre le but, contrairement à terminer.

Many nouns are terminated with the "-tion" ending.


obdurate

He threatened excommunication and hell fire in my last moments if I continued obdurate.

Il m'a menacé d'excommunication et du feu de l'enfer dans mes derniers instants si je continuais à m'obstiner.

Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, page 68, édition de 1869

First of all, attention must always be paid to wood's obturate tendency to expand and contract with the changing humidity.

Nick Offerman, Good Clean Fun: Misadventures in Sawdust at Offerman Woodshop, Dutton, 18 octobre 2016, page 50


bye

(Date à préciser) Aphérèse de goodbye (« au revoir »).

The four of them stood by the car for a second or two.
“Well,” said Eliot, to Anna, “bye.”
“Bye,” said Anna, to Eliot.
“Bye,” said Jenny, to Matt.
“Bye,” said Matt, to Jenny.


bye

(Date à préciser) Dérivé de by (« par »).

Équipe ou personne d’un tournoi ou d’une compétition sportive qui est qualifiée pour le tour suivant du fait de l’absence d’adversaire.

As you can see, elimination tournaments are based on mathematical powers of 2. That is, when the tournament size is a power of 2 (e.g., 2, 4, 8, 16), it is considered to be a perfect tournament. This means that there are no first-round byes. Byes are advantaged positions in the bracket because they allow highly seeded teams to avoid playing a contest in the first round of the tournament. Participants who receive a bye play their first contest in the second round.

Robert J.Barcelona, et al., Recreational Sport: Program Design, Delivery, and Management, 2015, p. 87


disrupt

(1650) Du latin disrumpo, disruptum ou formation régressive de disruption attesté au quinzième siècle, sur le modèle de corruption, corrupt.

to disrupt (infinitive)
disrupts (present third-person singular)
disrupted (preterite)
disrupted (participle past)
disrupting (participle present)

The riot disrupted the peace.

This molecule disrupts important bodily functions.


violation

\ˌvaɪɵˈleɪʃən\

Slavery is a violation of human rights.

L'esclavage est une violation des droits de l'homme.

The driver paid a heavy fine for the violation.

Le conducteur a payé une lourde amende pour l'infraction.


obstruct

After the storm, the fallen trees were obstructing the road.

The projects include traffic-calming measures, removal of obstructing vegetation, enhanced street lighting and a new pedestrian crossing.

Phillip Walter Wellman, UK spending millions to improve road safety around US Air Force bases, Stars and Stripes, 26 April 2024


bumper

Today is likely to see bumper sales of lawnmowers, summer clothes and outdoor sports equipment.


endure

They endured many inflictions, but they continued on.

I cannot endure this any longer. Either you change, or I'm leaving.

They had many troubles. But they endured.


protoplasm

I’m nothing but a worthless protoplasm…

Je ne suis qu’un protoplasme sans valeur…


minutes

The elected secretary will take the minutes of the meeting.


wield

Du vieil anglais wealdan (« gouverner »).

to wield (infinitive)
wields (present third-person singular)
wielded (preterite)
wielded (participle past)
wielding (participle present)

wield power


grit

Du vieil anglais grēot, lui-même issu du proto-germanique *greutaną, d’où proviennent également le vieux norrois grjót et le vieux saxon griot.

grits

un aliment typique du sud-est des États-Unis

All the grit from outside collects in the cracks of the doorway.

She showed true grit in overcoming that challenge.


grit

to grit (infinitive)
grits (present third-person singular)
gritted (preterite)
gritted (participle past)
gritting (participle present)

To grit the teeth.


repair

(Nom, verbe 1) De l’ancien français reparer.

(Verbe 2) De l’ancien français repairier.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-repair.wav

rework

2, même fonction, mais conserve la conformité

I have to take the train, because my car is still in the garage for repairs.
#*: Je dois prendre le train, parce que ma voiture est toujours au garage pour des réparations.

Réparation : restauration de la fonctionnalité d’un produit, mais sans conformité aux spécifications.

Repair is an action that brings a non-conforming product to a state where it will be acceptable for a given application. This means that a product after "repair" will not be 100% compliant with the specification, but it will be functional. A detailed definition can be found in ISO-9000:2015 par. 3.12.9.

La réparation est une action qui amène un produit non conforme à un état où il sera acceptable pour une application donnée. Cela signifie qu’un produit après « réparation » ne sera pas conforme à 100 % aux spécifications, mais il sera fonctionnel. Une définition détaillée se trouve dans la norme ISO-9000:2015, au paragraphe 3.12.9.

Zbigniew Huber, Rework, Repair or Modification sur Super Engineer, 9 janvier 2024


repair

to repair (infinitive)
repairs (present third-person singular)
repaired (preterite)
repaired (participle past)
repairing (participle present)

Repair with me to the castle

H. Walpole, The Castle of Otranto, 3ᵉ édition, 1766. Page 165.


haggle

to haggle (infinitive)
haggles (present third-person singular)
haggled (preterite)
haggled (participle past)
haggling (participle present)

I haggled for a better price because the original price was too high.

J’ai négocié un meilleur prix parce que celui d’origine était trop haut.


illustrate

Du latin illustrare (« éclairer, illuminer »).

Comparing the function calls made to compute these results for different input values illustrates the difference in efficiency for these problems.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 130

After a brief, appalled glance at Lydia, Mrs Molesworth (Lil) sat down on a corner of the sofa and asked the doctor a question about the imminent agricultural show designed to exclude Lydia from the conversation, to reveal her close knowledge of this event and therefore to illustrate her important position in the local community.

Alice Thomas Ellis, Unexplained Laughter, 2012


associate

to associate (infinitive)
associates (present third-person singular)
associated (preterite)
associated (participle past)
associating (participle present)

He was associating with some disreputable elements of society.

They will always associate Florence with the happiness of their honeymoon.


rear

(Arrière) Du latin retro via l’ancien français rere.

(Élever) Du moyen anglais reren, doublet de raise (« élever »), rise (« se lever »).

Then why does Cuddy leave his cot so rear!


rear

to rear (infinitive)
rears (present third-person singular)
reared (preterite)
reared (participle past)
rearing (participle present)

He wants a father to protect his youth, and rear him up to virtue.

Thomas Southerne, Isabella: Or The Fatal Marriage, 1694

The family has been rearing cattle for 200 years.

The monster slowly reared its head.


chaffinch

‘The next day, back on Olympus, Hera sent for the chaffinch that had first whishpered to her of Zeus’s infidelity.’

Stephen Fry, Mythos, Penguin Books, 2018, p. 335


miss

Du vieil anglais missan (« faux »), des langues germaniques missjan (« faussé »).

to miss (infinitive)
misses (present third-person singular)
missed (preterite)
missed (participle past)
missing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-miss.wav

I missed the bus.

The assassin fired at the politician, but missed.

L'assassin a tiré sur la politicienne mais l'a ratée.

The steering wheel is missing.

I didn't miss my wallet until I got to the subway station.

Ce n'était qu'en arrivant à la station de métro que j'ai remarqué que je n'avais pas mon portefeuille.

Être manqué (émotionnellement). Note d’usage : Quand on manque une personne, l’anglais renverse le sujet et l’objet en comparaison avec le français.

I miss my sister.

Did you miss me?

I miss my country.

Regretter (une chose ou un être disparus)

Do you know what it means to miss New Orleans?
And that’s where I left my heart […].

Savez-vous ce que c’est, de regretter la Nouvelle Orléans?
Et c’est là que j’ai laissé mon cœur […].

Louis Alter et Eddie Demange, Do you know what it means to miss New Orleans, chanson parLouis Armstrong


miss

A miss is as good as a mile.

(vieux adage) Si on manque, il n’importe point par quelle distance on manque.

He swung at the ball, and it’s a miss. (phrase typique en décrivant un jeu de baseball)


miss

Le titre correspondant est Miss avec une majuscule.

Mademoiselle. Formule d’appel à une jeune fille.

Good morning, miss.

Le pluriel est misses ou young ladies. Ce mot dénote une supplétion car son étymologie est distincte de celle de young ladies. Aujourd’hui, madam est préféré


excite

I’m excited by the idea of potentially revisiting it in a few years, to see what transpires in Stella’s life afterwards.

Morgan Jeffery,« The Fall’s Jamie Dornan and Gillian Anderson on why it’s the end for Spector – but NOT for the series », rapportant les propos de l’actrice Gillian Anderson. digitalspy.com, 20 septembre 2016.


amenable

De l’anglo-normand amenable, de amener avec le suffixe -able^([1]).

more amenable (comparative)
most amenable (superlative)

Are you amenable to changing the terms of the contract?

Êtes-vous disposé à changer les termes du contrat ?


funny

(Date à préciser) Dérivé du nom fun avec le suffixe -y.

funnier (comparative)
funniest (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-funny.wav

Drôle, drôle de (bizarre, inhabituel, qui sort du commun).

That’s a funny way to do it.

There’s something funny going on.

I am feeling a bit funny.


clearly

Évidemment, de toute évidence, manifestement, formellement.

Clearly, the judge erred in his opinion.

He was clearly wrong on all points but one.

He enunciated every syllable clearly.


yield

(Date à préciser) Du vieil anglais gieldan (« payer »), venant lui même du proto-germanique *geldanan, « paie ».

The yield curve for government bonds is an important indicator in financial markets

La courbe de rendement des bons du gouvernement est un indicateur important pour les marchés financiers.


yield

to yield (infinitive)
yields (present third-person singular)
yielded ou yold (preterite)
yielded ou yolden (participle past)
yielding (participle present)

The land yielded a good crop this year.

La terre a produit une bonne récolte cette année.

He improvised some pretext for yielding the action he couldn't explain.

Il improvisa quelque pretexte pour rendre compte de l'action qu'il ne pouvait expliquer.

Will you yield, or will you fight on?

Allez-vous abandonner, ou allez-vous continuer de vous battre ?


vocabulary

(Siècle à préciser) Du bas latin vocabularium, vocabularius ; à rapprocher du français vocabulaire.

I wanted someone who cared about me in particular, as an individual, enough to notice that I could not get a zero on a vocabulary test because I had too big a vocabulary.


wallflower

Personne introvertie qui communique peu avec les autres.

The Perks of being a Wallflower


runway

The plane took off from the runway.

The models walked gracefully down the runway.

Les mannequins défilèrent gracieusement le long de la piste.


unhappy

I'm unhappy about this situation.


tinkle

(XIVᵉ siècle) (verbe) Fréquentatif du verbe tinken.

to tinkle (infinitive)
tinkles (present third-person singular)
tinkled (preterite)
tinkled (participle past)
tinkling (participle present)

The glasses tinkled together as they were placed on the table.

The butler tinkled dinner.


tinkle

Give someone a tinkle.


custom

the customs of Normandy


nearly

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-nearly.wav

Nearly, comme près de, souvent implique un but, ou une comparaison de quantité. Le mot almost, comme presque est plus neutre.

He’s nearly five years old. Soon, he’ll be going to school.

She’s nearly as tall as you are.

We’re nearly there.

The food is nearly ready.

More generally, when the position of the Fibonacci number being computed increases by 1, the number of recursive calls (nearly) doubles.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 131


inland

Composé de in et de land (« terre », « terrain »).

go further inland


expect

to expect (infinitive)
expects (present third-person singular)
expected (preterite)
expected (participle past)
expecting (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-expect.wav

From now on, I expect you to double your efforts.

À partir de maintenant, j’attends de toi que tu doubles tes efforts.

I expect to find the place spic and span when I return.

Je m’attends à trouver l’endroit propre à mon retour.


excess

After preparing the mixture, pour off the excess.

excess of ...

He drinks to excess.

I've forgiven his excesses too long.


excess

The excess production can be sold at a profit.


temperate

temperate climate

temperate feelings


department

The Department of State of the United States corresponds to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Great Britain.

A mathematics department in the United States will often have 100 professors.

Service (ou autre division) d’une société ou d’un organisme.’

You pay the fines at the traffic department at City Hall.

You'll find it just beyond the ladies' shoes department.


stranger

De l’ancien français estrangier (« étranger »), dérivé de estrange, du latin extraneus (« extérieur, étranger »).

When we were strangers
I watched you from afar
When we were lovers
I loved you with all my heart

Quand nous ne nous connaissions pas
Je te regardais de loin
Quand nous fûmes amants
Je t’ai aimée de tout mon cœur.

Neil Young, Harvest Moon, in Harvest Moon (album), 1992

Hello, stranger!


refer

to refer (infinitive)
refers (present third-person singular)
referred (preterite)
referred (participle past)
referring (participle present)

Se rapporter (se rapporter à = to refer to), concerner, être en relation avec.

"This "and "that" refer to nouns in the singular number; "these" and "those", to nouns in the plural; as, This man; these men.

In the second excerpt transcribed below, Tom Cruise is talking about his work with fellow Hollywood actor Dustin Hoffman, whom he refers to simply as Dustin.

Sally Johnson, Astrid Ensslin, Language in the Media: Representations, Identities, Ideologies, 2007, page 181


status

Manière d’être, état (marital status = état civil).

What is the status of the proposal?

After getting the top score, she now has a lot of status.

Après avoir obtenu le meilleur résultat, elle a maintenant un rang élevé.

He has the status of administrator.


coffin

Well, the funeral sermon was very good, but pison long and tiresome; and then the king he shoved in and got off some of his usual rubbage, and at last the job was through, and the undertaker begun to sneak up on the coffin with his screw-driver.

Mark Twain, The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, chapitre 27 ; régionalisme


dismiss

Du latin dimissus avec réfection du préfixe → voir dis- et miss.

to dismiss (infinitive)
dismisses (present third-person singular)
dismissed (preterite)
dismissed (participle past)
dismissing (participle present)

She dismissed concerns about his behaviour,

The captain was immediately dismissed from his post.

Démettre, licencier, renvoyer, suspendre, congédier.

All of the workers at the factory were dismissed.


engross

Du latin tardif ingrossare ; dans certains sens de l’ancien français gros ; dans certains sens également de l’anglo-normand engrosser.

to engross (infinitive)
engrosses (present third-person singular)
engrossed (preterite)
engrossed (participle past)
engrossing (participle present)

Octavian then engrosses for himself proconsular powers for ten years in all the provinces where more than one legion was stationed, giving him effective control of the army.

John Burrow, A History of Histories, Penguin 2009, pp. 125-6, 2007

She seems to be completely engrossed in that book.


previous

Each next generation is an improvement on the previous one.

The previous presidents of the society were much more effective than our current president.


suitable

more suitable (comparative)
most suitable (superlative)

a large part of our rural road network is not suitable for speeds of 100 km/h. We should be honest and reduce the speed limit, which can significantly reduce the severity of the crash.

Call for 80 km/h rural road speed limits in Germany, ETSC, 4 mars 2024


fierce

(XIIIᵉ siècle) De l’ancien français fier (« fier, féroce »), lui-même issu du latin ferus (« sauvage ») ; apparenté à ferocious, ferocity.

fiercer (comparative)
fiercest (superlative)

US forces launching a major offensive in the Afghan province of Helmand say that they have encountered fierce Taliban resistance.

…une résistance féroce de la part des talibans.


clearing

a clearing in the woods


elementary

ˌɛl.əˈmɛn.tɹɪ

ˌɛl.əˈmɛn.tə.ɹɪ

The proof of this theorem is elementary.

La preuve de ce théorème est élémentaire.

In the United States, primary school is called "elementary school".

Aux États-Unis, une école primaire est appelée « école élémentaire ».

His elementary arguments failed to convince me that he is right.

Ses argument élémentaires échouèrent à me convaincre qu’il avait raison.

Elementary, my dear Watson.


hinge

Du moyen néerlandais henghe « crochet, suspente », apparenté au verbe to hang

to hinge (infinitive)
hinges (present third-person singular)
hinged (preterite)
hinged (participle past)
hinging (participle present)

En parlant de la taille des pierres, désigne la cassure de la pierre qui survient perpendiculairement à l’extrémité.

The flake hinged at an inclusion in the core.

to hinge on, to hinge upon


idle

more idle (comparative)
most idle (superlative)

Ever since he lost his job, he just stands around idle, without doing a thing around the house either.

the idle rich

Idle threat.

Have you ever known your father to make an idle threat?

Série télévisée Games of Thrones, 2ᵉ épisode de la saison 4, 2014. Cette phrase est prononcée par le personnage de Lord Varys, s'adressant à Tyrion Lannister.


idle

to idle (infinitive)
idles (present third-person singular)
idled (preterite)
idled (participle past)
idling (participle present)

The car engine is idling.


idle

In modern turbofan jets, there are two idle settings: flight idle, and ground idle.

Avec les turboréacteurs modernes, il y a deux modes de plein reduit : le plein réduit en vol et le plein réduit au sol.

(anglais) Krishna Kumar Subramanian, What is the idling of a jet engine? sur Quora, 2020. Consulté le 2023-03-17


bearing

A bearing wall.


capable

I don’t know if she’s capable of completing the task.

She’s a very capable employee. You can trust her with any task.

You can leave the job in her capable hands.


scholar

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-scholar.wav

John Ruskin's panegyrics to architectural wonders of Venice and Florence contributed to shifting the attention of scholars and designers, with their awareness heightened by debate and restoration work.


swiftly

In the meantime Deerslayer had been swiftly approaching the land, and his own canoe reached the point just as his enemy disappeared.

James Fenimore Cooper, The Deerslayer, chapitre 7. Lea & Blanchard, 1841.

He would be aware of the great field of lamps of a nocturnal city; then of the figure of a man walking swiftly; then of a child running from the doctor’s; and then these met, and that human Juggernaut trod the child down and passed on regardless of her screams.

Robert Louis Stevenson, Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, chapitre « Search for Mr. Hyde ». Longmans, Green, and Co., 1886.

The landscape was dull and ugly, the engine buzzed hypnotically, the hour passed swiftly.

Jack Vance, The Man in the Cage, page 74. Random House, 1960 (réédition digitale, 2012).

But in a sign of continued disagreement among the parties, while Swinson raised the idea of a backbench grandee such as Ken Clarke, Harriet Harman or Margaret Beckett leading a temporary government, Labour swiftly dismissed the idea.

Peter Walker,« Opposition parties disagree over potential interim PM ». Theguardian.com, 30 septembre 2019.


radiate

(Rayonner) (1610) Du latin radiatum.
(Rayonnant) (1660) Du latin radiatus.

Rayonner (émettre des rayons ou des ondes).

The stove radiates heat.

The heat radiates from a stove.


entice

to entice (infinitive)
entices (present third-person singular)
enticed (preterite)
enticed (participle past)
enticing (participle present)

Attirer, provoquer le désir ou l'espoir, attiser, appâter, aguicher.

Blackboard sketches, geological maps, diagrams of molecular structure, astronomical photographs, MRI images, the many varieties of statistical charts and graphs: These pictorial devices are indispensable tools for presenting evidence, for explaining a theory, for telling a story. And, on top of all that, they are ornaments; they entice and intrigue and sometimes delight.

American Scientist, « Pixels or Perish »


vanity

Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity.

Vanité des vanités ! dit l’Écclésiaste, vanité des vanités, tout est vanité.


judgement

She always had poor judgement in matters of the heart.

The judgement of the court went against her.

There was a judgement pending against her.


faithful

more faithful (comparative)
most faithful (superlative)

My servant is very faithful.

Genetic tests have revealed that male [sic] and females of one species of Peruvian poison frog remain utterly faithful.

Des analyses génétiques ont révélé que les mâles et les femelles d’une même espèce de Dendrobatidae péruviennes restent parfaitement fidèles. (Dendrobatidae à préciser ou à vérifier)

Matt Walker,« Peru poison frog reveals secret of monogamy », BBC News, 22 février 2010


beside

A small table beside the bed.


routine

She had practiced the maneuver for so long, that it had become a matter of mere routine for her.

Elle s’était entraînée à la manœuvre pendant si longtemps, que cette dernière était devenue une affaire de simple routine pour elle.

He lived a boring life of routine.

Tour (de passe-passe), numéro (de magie, par exemple).

The magician had a clever routine that held the audience spellbound.

Le magicien fit un tour astucieux qui teint le public sous le charme.


intimate

She intimated that he was not yet ready.

Elle a laissé entendre qu'il n'était pas encore prêt.


casual

more casual (comparative)
most casual (superlative)
casuall (obsolete)

Casual clothes.

Casual remark.

Casual interest.

Casual sex.


go away

to go away (infinitive)
goes away (present third-person singular)
went away (preterite)
gone away (participle past)
going away (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Fake estate-go away.wav

Go away! I'm tired of arguing with you.

Partir (sans avoir l'intention de revenir).

I'm going away to the big city tomorrow, and I don't know when I'll be back again.


haul

They’ve got a haul of diamonds hidden somewhere.

‘A very, very nice little haul,’ said the Inspector, in his most genial voice, as he looked inside the bag.


verdict

De l’anglo-normand verdit, issu de l’ancien français voirdit,composé de voir (« vrai, vraiment ») et de dit et latinisé sur la base de dictum.

To render a verdict.


burial

Du vieil anglais byrgels → voir bury et -al.

Many world leaders came to the burial of the king.

Beaucoup de chefs d'État sont venus à l'enterrement du roi.

The burial will take place in the village cemetery.

L'inhumation aura lieu au cimetière du village.


surveillance

surveillances (plural)
surveillances (plural)

Surveillance is the systematic observation of aerospace, surface of subsurface areas, persons or things by visual, aural, electronic, photographic, or other means. Surveillance is normally used to gain information on the subject over a long period of time to note any changes that may take place.

La surveillance est l’observation systématique de l’aérospatial, de la surface et des zones souterraines, des personnes ou des choses par des moyens visuels, auditifs, électroniques, photographiques ou autres. La surveillance est normalement utilisée pour obtenir des informations sur le sujet sur une longue période de temps afin de noter tout changement qui peut avoir lieu.

Intelligence and Electronic Warfare Operations, United States Department of the Army, 1987, chapitre 3 (« Situation and Target Development »), page 3-35.

Surveillance is defined as the collection and analysis of information about individuals or groups in order to govern their activity. Personal and mass surveillance denotes supervision, observation or oversight of behavior through the use of personal data and data systems (dataveillance), by means of physical surveillance, communication surveillance or combined, electronic surveillance (Clarke 2006).

La surveillance se définit comme la collecte et l’analyse d’informations sur des individus ou des groupes afin de régir leur activité. La surveillance personnelle et de masse désigne la supervision, l’observation ou la surveillance du comportement par l’utilisation de données personnelles et de systèmes de données ("dataveillance"), au moyen de la surveillance physique, de la surveillance des communications ou de la surveillance combinée, électronique (Clarke 2006).

[article et auteurs non identifiés], dans Privacy and Security in the Digital Age: Privacy in the Age (sous la direction de Michael Friedewald et Ronald J. Pohoryles, Routledge, 2014, page 108.

It’s a kind of surveillance, that is rather invisible, to the person and that is at the crossroads of public and private actors, and that is nested in our everyday life, through our everyday services.

C’est une sorte de surveillance plutôt invisible de la personne, qui se situe à la croisée des acteurs publics et privés et qui se niche dans notre quotidien, à travers nos services du quotidien. [Note : traduction un peu plus littérale que celle du sous-titrage français du film, sans que le sens diffère.]

Isabelle Falque-Pierrotin (alors présidente de la CNIL), dans le film Nothing to Hide, de Marc Meillassoux, sorti en octobre 2017 (vers 4 min 42 s)


suspect

to suspect (infinitive)
suspects (present third-person singular)
suspected (preterite)
suspected (participle past)
suspecting (participle present)

We suspect him to be the murderer.

I suspect that he's mistaken.


suspect

We have three suspects for the murder.

Nous avons trois suspects pour le meurtre.


suspect

He acts as if he knows nothing about it, but he's still suspect.

Il agit comme s'il ne savait rien à ce propos, mais il est toujours suspect.

The evidence is highly suspect.

A suspect package was found.


upgrade

to upgrade (infinitive)
upgrades (present third-person singular)
upgraded (preterite)
upgraded (participle past)
upgrading (participle present)

et Surclasser (échanger un billet d'avion, une réservation d'hôtel, une location de voiture, pour un meilleur).

The rental car agency said that they didn't have the model of car that I had requested, and so they were upgrading me to a larger car.


sensible

(Siècle à préciser) Du latin sensibilis.

more sensible (comparative)
most sensible (superlative)

Mary wished to say something very sensible, but knew not how.

Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. 1, chapitre 2, 3ᵉ éd., T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1817, page 8


outline

Situation – provide a brief outline of the situation or setting Task – outline what you did Action – outline how you did it, and Result – describe the outcomes.

Christian aid: Programme Funding Officer, Radio Okapi, 31 mai 2013

She used the shadow of the object to trace its outline.

The artist sketched the outline of the model.

She presented an outline of the proposed program.


outline

to outline (infinitive)
outlines (present third-person singular)
outlined (preterite)
outlined (participle past)
outlining (participle present)

New operating systems, and new versions of existing systems, may also provide execution techniques beyond those outlined here.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 85


polemic

The worst offence of this kind which can be committed by a polemic, is to stigmatize those who hold the contrary opinion as bad and immoral men.

J. S. Mill, On Liberty, édition de 1869, page 97


cutting

She took a cutting from the branch to plant in her own yard.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)


depressed

more depressed (comparative)
most depressed (superlative)

depressed neighborhood, depressed region


favourite

De l'ancien français favorite, participe passé du verbe favorir.

What is your favourite colour?


favourite

The horse on the left is my favourite.


cheerful

(Siècle à préciser)Dérivé de cheer, avec le suffixe -ful.

more cheerful (comparative)
most cheerful (superlative)

\ˈt͡ʃɪə(ɹ)fəl\

\ˈt͡ʃɪə(ɹ)fʊl\

cheerful thought, cheerful picture of health


upright

an upright gentleman.


upright

he walked upright.


anthem

Du latin antiphona qui donne le vieil anglais antefn.

Springfield doesn’t have an anthem!
We thought we have one, but we don’t!

Springfield n'a pas d’hymne !
Nous pensions en avoir un, mais nous n'en avons pas !


lyric

Lyric poetry


lyric

I like the lyric “I can swear there ain’t no heaven but I pray there ain’t no hell” from “When I Die” by the group Blood, Sweat and Tears.


strategy

Abenomics, as mentioned in the introduction to this chapter, was first presented by the Abe administration as consisting of the three 'arrows' of aggressive monetary policy, flexible fiscal policy and a growth strategy.

Brian K. MacLean, Hassan Bougrine, Louis-Philippe Rochon, Aggregate Demand and Employment: International Perspectives, 2020


hysteria

In Europe and America thereʼs a growing feeling of hysteria

En Europe et en Amérique, il y a un sentiment croissant dʼhystérie

Gordon Matthew Sumner, Russians, in The Dream of the Blue Turtles, 1985


climax

You brought me to climax.


climax

to climax (infinitive)
climaxes (present third-person singular)
climaxed (preterite)
climaxed (participle past)
climaxing (participle present)

To reach or bring to a climax

To orgasm; to reach orgasm


shawl

(Siècle à préciser) Du persan شال, šâl, même sens.

It was Zillah; donned in her scarlet shawl, with a black silk bonnet on her head, and a willow basket swung to her arm.

C’était Zillah, vêtue de son châle écarlate, un chapeau de soie noire sur la tête et un panier d’osier au bras. — (Emily Brontë,Les Hauts de Hurle-Vent dans la bibliothèque Wikisource , traduit de l’anglais (Royaume-Uni) par Frédéric Delebecque, Chapitre XXVIII, Payot, Paris, 1946, Paris, page 383)

Emily Brontë alias Ellis Bell, Wuthering Heights dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. II, Chapter XIV, Thomas Cautley Newby (éd.), 1847 (1ʳᵉ éd.), Londres, page 278


furlough

On furlough.


exam

The doctor’s exam went well.

The students took their final exam.


surgery

Doctor says you need surgery now.

Le docteur dit que tu as besoin d'une intervention chirurgicale immédiatement.

Dead Kennedys, « Trust Your Mechanic », Plastic Surgery Disasters, 1982

Permanence, rencontre de courte de durée pour un entretien avec certaines personnes, généralement un politicien.

Your MP’s website, or your local library, may have more information about when and where surgeries are taking place.

Le site web de votre député, ou votre bibliothèque locale, peut fournir plus d'informations sur les dates et les lieux des permanences.


uncover

She uncovered the dish, to show everybody what they would be eating.

The truth has been uncovered.


scope

(Visée) (XVIᵉ siècle) Du latin scopus (« but, cible »).

(Examiner) (1807) Dénominal du précédent.

These are beyond the scope of the present chapter.

The scope of an adverb.


scope

to scope (infinitive)
scopes (present third-person singular)
scoped (preterite)
scoped (participle past)
scoping (participle present)

The entomologist explained that he could not tell what species of springtail we were looking at without scoping it.


squeal

Hurlement (d’un animal ou d’une personne, en particulier d'un cochon).

squeal of delight, squeal of pain


squeal

to squeal (infinitive)
squeals (present third-person singular)
squealled (preterite)
squealled (participle past)
squealling (participle present)

The pig squealed in terror.

Balancer, dénoncer, moutonner, cafter, cafarder, vendre la mèche.

You better not squeal to the cops.

Tu ferais mieux de ne pas nous balancer aux flics.

Do you think he'll squeal on us?

Ne penses-tu pas qu'il va nous balancer ?


directly

All three texts play with imagery drawn directly from the lived observation that a she-bear is very dangerous if one interferes with her cubs.

Marcia J. Bunge, Terence E. Fretheim, Beverly Roberts Gaventa, The Child in the Bible, 2008, page 400


torment

the torments of Hell


vex

George has bought some new things for this trip, and I’m rather vexed about them. The blazer is loud. I should not like George to know that I thought so, but there really is no other word for it.

Jerome K. Jerome, Three Men in a Boat, VII, 1889


neglect

Al-Tanf was ravaged by weather and downright neglect.

Samuel M. Katz, No Shadows in the Desert, 2020


highlight

Temps fort, moment le plus marquant, point culminant.

The opening ceremony was a highlight of the Olympics.

She used a highlight to mark the important sentences in what she read.

Mèches de cheveux teintes d'une autre couleur que le reste.

red highlights in her hair


highlight

to highlight (infinitive)
highlights (present third-person singular)
highlighted (preterite)
highlighted (participle past)
highlighting (participle present)
hilite

Mettre en valeur, accentuer, souligner, signaler.

His sloppy clothes only highlight his lack of discipline.

She highlighted the most important concepts, which she wanted to study further.


sidetrack

(Nom) (1835)Composé de side et de track.

Stay focused on the story; you keep getting lost in all of these little sidetracks.

Restez concentré sur l’histoire ; vous continuez à vous perdre dans tous ces petits détours.


stifle

to stifle (infinitive)
stifles (present third-person singular)
stifled (preterite)
stifled (participle past)
stifling (participle present)

Countries around the world tried to limit access to the web, stifle dissent, and erode personal privacy.

Des pays de toute la planète ont essayé de limiter l’accès au Web, de réprimer la dissidence et de réduire la vie privée.

t0mmy, We’re Powering Digital Resistance with Help from Mozilla, blog.torproject.org, 24 octobre 2017


chill

“I invented chill.”

The Santa Clause 3: The Escape Clause, 2006

Un manque de chaleur et de cordialité, une forme d'inimitié.

What will become the current chill between the United States and China under the Biden's presidency ?


chill

chiller (comparative)
chillest (superlative)

[…] a fire to warm them when chill […]

Mary Shelley, Frankenstein, édition de 1869, page 87


chill

Contraction de ich et will, ancienne variante de I’ll.

Chill not let go, zir, without vurther 'casion

William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of King Lear, acte IV scène 6 ligne 226, 1603-1606

Yet since their eyes make hart so sore, hey ho, chill love no more.

William Byrd, Though Amaryllis Daunce in Greene, 1588


get out

to get out (infinitive)
gets out (present third-person singular)
got out (preterite)
got out ou gotten out (participle past)
getting out (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-get out.wav

Get out of my car!

Somehow the secret got out.

Passer du temps libre en dehors de la maison.

You work too hard. You should get out more.

The organization has just gotten their newsletter out.

L’organisme vient de publier sa lettre d’information.

He could hardly get the words out for the tears.

Nettoyer ; enlever les saletés ou les taches.

This detergent will get most household stains out.

Ce détergent éliminera la plupart des taches.


get out

Exprime la désapprobation ou le dégoût, en particulier après une mauvais blague.

Just get out.


sustain

to sustain (infinitive)
sustains (present third-person singular)
sustained (preterite)
sustained (participle past)
sustaining (participle present)

The crops from this valley sustain half the population.

The good weather will sustain the crops.

Will the foundation be able to sustain itself solely through charitable donations?

La fondation sera-t-elle en mesure de se pérenniser uniquement à travers les dons caritatifs ?

The athlete sustained an injury.


sustain

Entretien. Mécanisme, par exemple la pédale de droite au piano, qui permet de prolonger la note jouée.

She bought a sustain pedal last week.

Elle a acheté une pédale de sustain la semaine dernière.


largely

(Date à préciser)Dérivé de large, avec le suffixe -ly.

largelier (comparative)
largeliest (superlative)

Largement, essentiellement, en grande partie

The process is largely automated, requiring only occasional human intervention.

Le processus est largement automatisé et n’exige que rarement de l’intervention humaine.


emergency

Hurry! This is an emergency.


intrigue

Intrigue, pratique secrète ou commerce secret.

Some of the court members were plotting intrigues against the king.


rating

Classement dans une échelle de valeurs ou hiérarchie.

In the Royal Navy the ratings, in order, are:- ordinary seaman, able seaman, leading seaman, petty officer and chief petty officer.

We need a system of ratings that will allow the buyer to weigh the pros and cons?

credit rating, notation de crédit.


watershed

Calque de l’allemand Wasserscheide, composé de Wasser (« eau ») et Scheide (« séparation »).

Marquant un développement ou un changement important.

a watershed moment ; a watershed publication


solace

(XIIIᵉ siècle) Du moyen anglais, lui-même de l’ancien français solacier, du latin solacium.

But Dawkin's word gave me solace. He said: "It is an outrage that people as ignorant as me are being asked to vote. [Brexit] is a complicated matter of economics, politics, history and we live in a representative democracy not a plebiscite democracy.

David Mitchell, Dishonesty is the Second-Best Policy: And Other Rules to Live By, Guardian Faber Publishing, 2019


valiant

De l'ancien français vailant issu lui-même du latin valere (« être fort »).

more valiant (comparative)
most valiant (superlative)

He was defeated by a valiant Gascon warrior.

Il a été vaincu par un valeureux guerrier gascon.

She made a valiant effort to escape.

Elle fit un vaillant effort pour s’échapper.