economic

This volume of specially written papers is a fitting tribute to Hyman Minsky’s work as it relates to the global financial and economic crisis that began in 2007 in the US and quickly spread around the world.

Dimitri B. Papadimitriou, L. Randall Wray, The Elgar Companion to Hyman Minsky, 2011


eclectic

Du français éclectique, issu du grec ancien ἐκλεκτικός, eklektikos (« sélectif »).

more eclectic (comparative)
most eclectic (superlative)

Chunder Sen and the Progressive Brahmists broke entirely with Hinduism...and he selected from the scriptures of all creeds what seemed best in them for instruction and for worship. […] It is an eclectic religion: it seeks to select what is good from all religions, and it has become the latest evidence that no eclectic religion can ever influence large numbers of men.

John Robson, Hinduism and its Relations Christianity, page 211, 214, 1893


runoff

Produits chimiques dissous se trouvant dans l'eau de ruissellement.

Nitrate runoff is poisoning the lake.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)

Deuxième tour (d’une élection), scrutin de ballottage.

There will now be a runoff as neither front runner received more than 50% of the vote.

Il va maintenant y avoir un second tour puisqu’aucun des favoris n’a obtenu plus de 50 % des suffrages.


acronym

With the exception of cabalistic esoterica and acrostic poetry, acronyms were exceedingly uncommon before the twentieth century.

À l'exception de l'ésotérisme cabalistique et de la poésie acrostiche, les acronymes étaient extrêmement rares avant le vingtième siècle.


maven

(Date à préciser) Du yidiche מבֿין, meyvn, qui provient de l’hébreu מֵבִין, mevín (« celui qui comprend, connaisseur, expert »).

He considers himself a great maven of impressionist paintings.

Il se considère comme un grand connaisseur des tableaux impressionnistes.


amnesia

Du grec ancien ἀμνησία, amnêsía (« oubli »).

I suffered from posttraumatic amnesia for months.

J’ai souffert d'une amnésie post-traumatique pendant des mois.


apple tree

(Siècle à préciser)Composé de apple et de tree.

apple trees (plural)
appletree
apple-tree

We were in April then, the weather was sweet and warm, the grass as green as showers and sun could make it, and the two dwarf apple trees, near the southern wail, in full bloom.

Nous étions alors en avril ; le temps était doux et chaud, l’herbe aussi verte que pouvaient la rendre les averses et le soleil, et les deux pommiers nains près du mur du sud étaient en pleine floraison. — (Emily Brontë,Les Hauts de Hurle-Vent dans la bibliothèque Wikisource , traduit de l’anglais (Royaume-Uni) par Frédéric Delebecque, Chapitre XXXIV, Payot, Paris, 1946, Paris, page 449)

Emily Brontë alias Ellis Bell, Wuthering Heights dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. II, Chapter XX, Thomas Cautley Newby (éd.), 1847 (1ʳᵉ éd.), Londres, page 389


autopsy

(Date à préciser) Du latin autopsia, lui-même issu du grec ancien αὐτοψία, autopsía (« fait de voir par soi-même »).

There was no food in the apartment, and one theory is that Firestone starved, though no autopsy was conducted, by preference of her Orthodox Jewish family.

Il n’y avait rien à manger dans l’appartement, et une des théories veut que Firestone soit morte de faim, bien qu’aucune autopsie n’ait été pratiquée, selon le souhait de sa famille juive orthodoxe.

Susan Faludi, "The Death of a Revolutionary" [en ligne], The New Yorker (American chronicles), 8 avril 2013. Consulté le 1ᵉʳ mai 2024


emancipator

Abraham Lincoln was the "Great Emancipator".


emancipation

Dérivé de emancipate, avec le suffixe -tion.

enfranchisement

octroi du droit de vote ou d'autres droits

In 1863, the Declaration of Emancipation freed the slaves of the southern United States.

En 1863, la Proclamation d’émancipation libéra les esclaves du Sud des États-Unis.


eminence

Éminence (Il se capitalise quand il est un titre.).

His Eminence, the cardinal, has arrived.

We'll set up our cannon on that eminence atop that hill.


emissary

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-emissary.wav

The czar of Russia sent a distinguished emissary to Japan, to talk with the emperor.

The ancient vase serves as an emissary from antiquity.


damned

You are damned right.


son of a whore

Composé de son (« fils ») et de whore (« putain »). Apparenté à l’allemand Hurensohn et au néerlandais hoerenzoon.

\ˌsʌn əv ə ˈhɔɹ\

\ˌsʌn əv ə ˈhɔː\

Enfant de prostituée ou de femme de mauvaise vie : fils de pute, enfant de putain, fils de garce, bâtard.

If anybody should call you sons of a whore you should bear it ; for you are so : but if they call you bastards, fight till you die ; for you are an honest man’s son.

Lady Dorchester, citée par Horace Walpole, Walpoliana, T. Tgg, 1830, page 72

Personne méprisable ou importune : fils de pute, enfant de putain, fils de garce, bâtard, enfant de salaud.

I’d a tought the son of a whore to meddle with meat for his master.

Henry Fielding, Tom Jones, Derby, 1861, page 296

He slammed his fits into the bolster. “That son of a whore!”

Maria R. Bordihn, The Falcon of Palermo, Atlantic Monthly Press, 2005, page 61


goddamn

Composé de God (« Dieu ») et de damn (« damner »), littéralement, « maudit de Dieu ».

Apparenté à l’allemand gottverdammt (de même sens) et au néerlandais godverdomme (juron).

Renforce le substantif qu’il accompagne en lui attribuant une connotation négative : bon dieu de, tabarnak de, astie/stie de, maudit, satané, foutu, putain de.

Move that goddamn car, right away!

Shut up, goddamn you!

« I dont remember asking you a goddamn thing! » .

Pulp Fiction, Samuel L. Jackson alias Jules Winnfield


higher

Le mot supérieur peut se traduire par upper ou par higher. Mais les mots upper et higher ne sont pas synonymes. Upper est seulement un attribut pour distinguer deux objets. Higher est le comparatif de high. Par exemple, les formes comparatives higher than et highest existent, mais on ne dit jamais upper than ni most upper.
:* In the sleeping compartment of the train, I'd like sleep in the upper berth. (top berth, highest berth; berth = couchette de wagon-lit)
:* If I have choose, then I choose the higher berth. (the berth that is higher than the other one)

That bridge is higher than the other one.


lender

L'anglais distingue entre to lend (to give a loan, to make a loan, to loan) et to borrow (to take a loan, to accept a loan).

The lender gives a loan to the borrower.

Neither a lender nor a borrower be. (Shakespeare: Hamlet (1601) acte I, sc. 3)


kinetic

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-kinetic.wav

Show that the energy lost per revolution is small compared to the electron’s kinetic energy.

Allan Adams, 8:04 Quantum Mechanics — Problem Set 1, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 05/02/2013


encyclical

Dérivé de encyclic, avec le suffixe -al.

The Pope issued a new encyclical.


ennoble

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-ennoble.wav

His good deed ennobled him in her eyes.


entirety

The parts present a different picture when viewed in their entirety.

This passage is copied from the original in its entirety.


dispatch

1550. De l'italien dispaccio ou du verbe.

The government sent a special dispatch to the diplomat.

"She worked with energy and dispatch, but on occasion a numbness took hold of her and she caught herself singing that odd and memorable song <...>."

Ray Bradbury, The Martian Chronicles, 1950, éd. 2008, ISBN 9780006479239


fencing

(Escrime) Fencing est le sport ou la discipline. On emploie swordplay dans tous les autres cas.

(Clôture) A fence est un objet concret. Fencing est l’idée abstraite ou un ensemble de clôtures.
** We built six fences in order to put fencing around the entire property.

There are three styles of fencing: foil, epee, and saber.

We put some fencing around the garden to protect it from the animals.


epee

Which fencing weapon do you prefer, foil, epee, or sabre?


scales

Trébuchet (petite balance comportant deux plateaux).

Themis, the goddess of justice, is often represented as blindfolded, and holding a sword and the scales of justice.


editorial

Se llama línea editorial de un medio, la orientación permanente de sus publicaciones: intencionalidad de sus editoriales, selección de sus columnistas, personajes que se entrevistan o que se silencian, hechos que se destacan o que se omiten, enfoque habitual de las noticias.

On appelle la ligne éditoriale d'un média l’orientation permanente de ses publications: intentionnalité de ses éditoriaux, sélection de ses chroniqueurs et chroniqueuses, personnalités que l’on interroge ou à qui on ne donne pas la parole, évènements que l’on souligne ou que l’on omet, perspective habituelle sur les actualités.

Hugo Aznar,"Las mejores editoriales de España", Fundación Gabo de Periodismo, 22 septembre 2016


editorial

Forme elliptique de casa editorial : Maison d’édition.

No se puede confirmar a ciencia cierta que una editorial sea mejor que la otra, ya que cada una responde a una línea editorial, una temática y un estilo diferente.

On ne peut confirmer de façon sûre et certaine qu’une maison d’édition soit meilleure que l’autre, dans la mesure où chacune reflète une ligne éditoriale, une thématique et un style différents.

"Las mejores editoriales de España", coolLibri, 20 avril 2022


editorial

Forme elliptique de artículo editorial : Éditorial.

El primer beneficio de la redacción de un editorial es tener una referencia, ¿qué quiere decir?

Le premier avantage de la rédaction d’un éditorial est d’avoir un point de référence : que souhaite-t-on dire ?

Eilidibeth Córdova,"Línea editorial: qué es, importancia, características, ejemplos y cómo elaborar una línea comunicativa o ideológica", Cinconoticias, 25 juillet 2022


chronicler

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-chronicler.wav

He is a chronicler of the events of the competition.


columnist

That columnist provides a daily film review column in the entertainment section of the newspaper.

That columnist writes a daily editorial on the editorial page of the newspaper.


teeter

The glass is teetering. Be careful that it doesn’t fall.

Le verre chancelle. Fais attention à ce qu’il ne tombe pas.


epicenter

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-epicenter.wav

Such a solitary demise would have been unimaginable to anyone who knew Firestone in the late nineteen-sixties, when she was at the epicenter of the radical-feminist movement, surrounded by some of the same women who, a month after her death, gathered in St. Mark’s Church In-the-Bowery, to pay their respects.


breakdown

Déverbal de break down (« tomber en panne »).

Décomposition, énumération, nomenclature, ventilation.

R.B.S. (Resource Breakdown Structure)

La gestion des risques dans les projets, Hervé Courtot, 1998

In order to set out an appropriate financial framework for the Funds it is necessary to set out the annual breakdown by Member State of global resources allocated under the Investment for jobs and growth goal and the European territorial cooperation goal (Interreg).

Afin de mettre en place un cadre financier adéquat pour les Fonds, il est nécessaire d’établir la ventilation annuelle par État membre des ressources globales allouées aux objectifs «Investissement pour l’emploi et la croissance» et «Coopération territoriale européenne» (Interreg).

Commission Implementing Decision (EU) 2021/1131 of 5 July 2021 setting out the annual breakdown by Member State of ...


timeline

Chronologie, ligne du temps, historique, frise chronologique.

Let's create a timeline of the events that occurred.

What will be the timeline for accomplishing our goals?


clear up

Let’s clear up any misunderstandings.

The weather is clearing up.


embarrassing

How embarrassing! I left my wallet at home in my other pants pocket.

In an embarrassing moment for the politician, he had to admit that what he said the day before was false.


elective

According to the university catalog, this course is an elective.

elective surgery


ellipsoidal

"Ellipsoidal" signifique semblable à une ellipse.

"Ellipsoidal" signifique qu'un object a la forme exacte d'une ellipse.

That rock looks ellipsoidal in shape.


elliptical

That gear is an elliptical one.

He has a very elliptical way of expressing himself.


elliptic

Du grec ancien ἐλλειπτικός, elleiptikos, qui provient de ἐλλείπω, elleipō (« je laisse, j’omets »).

more elliptic (comparative)
most elliptic (superlative)
elliptical

The planets have elliptic orbits around the Sun.

Les planètes ont une orbite elliptique autour du Soleil.


pinky

(Siècle à préciser) Du néerlandais pinkje.

In the final game of the 1985 season, Lott damaged his left pinky.

Lors de la finale de la saison 1985, Lott s’est blessé à l’auriculaire gauche.

Mike Freeman,« SUPER BOWL XXXIV: RAMS VS. TITANS; Montana And Lott Lead Way Into Hall », The New York Times, 2000


sculptable

Dérivé de sculpt, avec le suffixe -able.

more sculptable (comparative)
most sculptable (superlative)

The biomedical sciences can now furnish the ambitious effigy maker with sculptable living tissue, albeit at great expense...

Pascale Pollier-Green, Ann Van de Velde, Chantal Pollier, Confronting Mortality with Art and Science, 2008


cachucha

Dance a cachucha, fandango, bolero.

William Schwenck Gilbert et Arthur Sullivan, The Gondoliers , 1889


peeling

Throw away the peels when you’re done peeling.

Jette les épluchures quand tu auras fini d’éplucher.


squeeze out

to squeeze out (infinitive)
squeezes out (present third-person singular)
squeezed out (preterite)
squeezed out (participle past)
squeezing out (participle present)

Extraire, presser, faire sortir en pressant.

The shock of the tragedy squeezed the breath out of her.

Le choc de la tragédie fit sortir la respiration hors d'elle.


skirmish

\ˈskɜːɹ.mɪʃ\

While there were few initial skirmishes, the Taliban has [sic] vowed to fight back.

Bien qu’il y eût peu d’escarmouches au début, les talibans ont juré de répliquer.


chaff

Du moyen anglais, apparenté à kaf en néerlandais.

So take the corn and leave the chaff behind.

By adding chaff to his corn, the horse must take more time to eat it. In this way chaff is very useful.

the chaff and ruin of the times.


happening

(XVᵉ siècle) Participe de to happen. Le sens artistique date de 1959.

more happening (comparative)
most happening (superlative)

He's a real happening guy.

This is a happening place tonight!


equivocal

more equivocal (comparative)
most equivocal (superlative)
æquivocal (rare)

doubtful

susceptible d’être attribuée à des motivations différentes

Équivoque, ambigu, incertain ; ayant deux ou plusieurs significations.

Sunrise was an equivocal thing. The color of the clouds changed from the gray of slate to the gray of smoke as somewhere aloft the sun made its presence known, though that would not be the case here until the low-pressure area had passed north into China—or so the weather briefing had declared.


equivocation

That statement is an equivocation.

There is too much equivocation among politicians.


swordplay

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-swordplay.wav

Fencing est le sport ou la discipline. On emploie swordplay en tous autres cas.

The swordplay between the two armies at close quarters caused many casualties.


crook

more crook (comparative)
most crook (superlative)

I′m feeling a bit crook.

That work you did on my car is crook, mate.

Not turning up for training was pretty crook.


crook

Boggis, Bunce, and Bean
One fat, one short, one lean.
These horrible crooks,
so different in looks,
were nonetheless equally mean.

Boggis, Bean, et Bunce
Un petit, un gros, un mince.
Horribles truands,
bien que différents,
ils sont tous les trois si méchants.

Concavité d’une courbe, surtout du corps humain.

The crook of one’s arm.


crook

to crook (infinitive)
crooks (present third-person singular)
crooked (preterite)
crooked (participle past)
crooking (participle present)

Courber (se dit surtout du cou, quand on lève la tête pour regarder en haut).

To crook one’s neck.


espionage

(Date à préciser) Emprunté au français espionnage.

You are accused of espionage.


contingency

Dérivé de contingent, avec le suffixe -cy.

The lawyer offered to take the case on contingency. He earns a fee only if his case is successful.

The plan is risky. There is a lot that could go wrong. Have you considered every contingency ?


optimum

A local optimum of a combinatorial optimization problem is a solution that is optimal (either maximal or minimal) within a neighboring set of solutions.


Yiddish

Du yiddish ייִדיש, yidish, issu du moyen haut-allemand jüdisch diutsch (« allemand juif »).

Isaac Balshevis Singer, I.L. Peretz and Sholem Aleichem are three of the most famous writers in Yiddish.


postmark

Look at the date of the postmark on the letter.


postmark

This letter I received in the mail wasn't postmarked.


sticker

Motdérivé de stick (« coller »), avec le suffixe -er.

Here's another sticker to paste into your sticker book.


dryer

Sèche-linge, sécheuse (au Canada et en Belgique), essoreuse (à linge).

clothes dryer

hair dryer, blowdryer


housecleaning

That couple is not so careful about housecleaning.

After the public scandal, the company finally implemented a major housecleaning.


chronic

De chronical, du ancien français cronike, du latin chronicus, du grec ancien χρονικός, khronikós, de χρόνος, khrónos (« temps »).

Personne invétérée ; par exemple, un criminel récidiviste ou un quelqu’un souffrant d’une maladie chronique.

Wernersvill asylum is now practically filled, and, as it is peopled with able-bodied chronics, there will be but little annual movement of patients.

Report of the Committee on Lunacy to the Board of Public Charities of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 1895, page 9

And then there were the chronics, not only those with marked pathology but life-long sufferers from "indigestion" or migraine, who had been passed around from doctor to doctor with nothing but temporary relief.

Elizabeth Wright, A Brief Study Course in Homoeopathy, 2001, ISBN 8170210321, page 79

Of fifty-five boys scoring four or more, fifteen were chronic offenders (out of twenty-three chronics altogether) […]

Philip Bean⁽ᵉⁿ⁾, Crime: Critical Concepts in Sociology, 2003, page 376

Most congregations are full of wonderful people, but these chronics are also present in many churches. They come in three varieties -- the chronic havers of personal problems, the chronic complainers, and the chronic workaholics.

Lawrence W. Farris, Ten Commandments for Pastors New to a Congregation, 2003, ISBN 0802821286, page 59

An Italian study (Francescato et al. 1979), which compared 137 women who had had more than one abortion with others who had aborted only once, revealed that the use of contraceptives was higher among the 'chronics', and that the contraceptives they employed were generally safer.

Eva Pattis Zoja, Abortion: Loss and Renewal in the Search for Identity, 2006, ISBN 1134735251


causeway

Du moyen anglais cauceweye, composé de l’anglo-normand cauce, lui-même du vieux-latin calciata via, « route pavée », et de weye, « chemin ».

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-causeway.wav

Curling into the lake, in the shape of a foetus, was an island, linked to the shore by a thin umbilical causeway.

Evidence of construction techniques for timber walkways has been preserved at Flag Fen in Cambridgeshire (TL 225 989), where 60,000 posts and 250,000 horizontal timbers were shaped into a 1km-long ritual causeway that crossed a marshy fen.

Mary-Ann Ochota, Hidden Histories : A Spotter’s Guide to the British Landscape, Frances Lincoln, 2018, page 166


ethylene

\ˈɛ.θəˌliːn\

(Normalement indénombrable) Éthylène, éthène (CH₂ = _(CH)2). Au pluriel, peut dénoter le composé de base et ses dérivés substitués, voire différents isotopologues (2ᵉ exemple).

The ripening process in fruits gives off ethylene.

Le processus de mûrissement des fruits dégage de l'éthylène.

The absorption spectra of ethylene, deutero-ethylene and some alkyl-substituted ethylenes in the vacuum ultra-violet

Le spectre d'absorption de l'éthylène, du deutéro-éthylène et de quelques éthylènes substitués par des groupements alkyle sous vide dans l'ultraviolet

William Charles Price & William Thomas Tutte, Proceedings of the Royal Society A, Volume 174, No 957, 1.2.1940.


saltwater

Composé de salt (« sel ») et de water (« eau »).

Freshwater fish cannot live in saltwater.


hubris

(Siècle à préciser) Du grec ancien ὕβρις, húbris (« excès »).

Voie de fait, brutalité, violence, outrage.

In Athens there was a law against hubris, which protected even slaves from its sting. The Athenians, moreover, regarded hubris as an offense against the community, not just the victim; and, consequently, any free adult male, not just the victim was entitled to prosecute an alledged offender.

De plus, à Athènes, il y avait contre l’hubris une loi qui protégeait même les esclaves. Les Athéniens considéraient l’hubris comme un délit contre la communauté, pas seulement contre la victime. Tout adulte mâle de condition libre, pas uniquement la victime, avait donc la possibilité de porter plainte contre le délinquant supposé.

David Keyt, Aristotles Politics Books V and VI, Oxford University Press, 1999

We have also fallen victim to a kind of technological hubris, which tempts us to believe that our new powers may be illimited.

Nous sommes aussi victimes de l’arrogance technologique qui nous porte à croire que nos nouveaux pouvoirs pourraient être illimités.


sparkle

The diamonds sparkled.

His eyes sparkled with excitement.


evasion

Il s'agit d'un faux-ami. Evasion se distingue du français évasion.

He didn't really reply, but only gave us an evasion.

Through an evasion, he managed to avoid his pursuers.


evict

Du latin evincere (« vaincre complètement »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-evict.wav

The landlord asked for the tenant to be evicted from the apartment.


titillate

Exciter (sexuellement), titiller (sexuellement).

The film was titillating, which no doubt raised its sales.


subprime

Subprime borrower.

Subprime lender.

Subprime loan.

Subprime mortgage.


skyline

(1855-1860)Composé de sky (« ciel ») et de line (« ligne »), littéralement « ligne du ciel ».

The sun is now under the skyline.

Le soleil est maintenant sous la ligne d’horizon.


executable

Dérivé de execute, avec le suffixe -able.

Frozen binary executables … are packages that combine your program's byte code and the Python interpreter into a single executable program.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 84


indoors

Come indoors. It's raining!


extenuate

Du latin extenuatus, de tenuare (« affiner »).

The lawyer argued that there were extenuating circumstances.


fallout

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-fallout.wav

Retombées (particules précipitées après une éruption volcanique, une explosion atomique, etc.).

Strontium 90, released through nuclear explosions into the air, comes to earth in rain or drifts down as fallout, lodges in soil, […].

Le strontium 90, libéré dans l’atmosphère par les explosions atomiques, revient sur la terre avec les pluies ou sous la forme des poussières appelées « retombées atomiques », et pénètre dans le sol ; […]. — (traduction de Jean-François Gravrand et Baptiste Lanaspeze (éd. 2009), Printemps silencieux, 1963, éd. 2009, ISBN 9782918490005)

Rachel Carson, Silent spring, 1962, éd. 1965

Retombées, conséquence annexe (négative), effet indésirable.

To accept the political fallout for one’s actions.

Accepter les retombées politiques de ses actes.


attainable

(1640–1650) Du verbe to attain (« atteindre ») et du suffixe -able.

more attainable (comparative)
most attainable (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-I learned some phrases-attainable.wav

I believe that the purposes for which I and my fellow soldiers entered upon this war should have been so clearly stated as to have made it impossible to change them and that had this been done the objects which actuated us would now be attainable by negotiation.

Je crois que les buts pour lesquels moi et mes compagnons d’armes nous sommes lancés dans cette guerre devraient avoir été assez clairement définis pour rendre impossible leur modification et que cela eût-il été fait, les objets qui nous motivent seraient maintenant accessibles par la négociation.

Siegfried Sassoon, Finished with the War: A Soldier’s Declaration, 1917


quasar

Mot-valise formé à partir quasi-stellar (radio source). Première attestation en 1964 (Hong-Yee Chiu, Physics Today, mai 1964).

So far, the clumsily long name “quasi-stellar radio sources” is used to describe these objects. Because the nature of these objects is entirely unknown, it is hard to prepare a short, appropriate nomenclature for them so that their essential properties are obvious from their name. For convenience, the abbreviated form “quasar” will be used throughout this paper.


unnerving

more unnerving (comparative)
most unnerving (superlative)

\ʌnˈnɜː(ɹ)vɪŋ\

It was just as well that he couldn’t smell the water. At least not at first. Few things can be as unnerving or disorienting as swimming underwater at night.


childish

more childish (comparative)
most childish (superlative)

Don't be childish. You know that deep down, you really want to do this.


engorged

The river became engorged with the flood waters.

The mosquito became engorged with blood.


environmental

Dérivé de environment, avec le suffixe -al.

The experts decided that it was caused by environmental factors.

Les experts décidèrent que cela était dû à des facteurs environnementaux.

In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for rules and regulations concerning the environment.

Aux États-Unis, l’Agence de protection environnementale (EPA) est chargée des règles et réglementations concernant l’environnement.


stopover

The trip will take four days. Our first stopover will be 25 miles from here.

The ship has a layover in the port of Boston.


rocket

De l’ancien français roquette, lui-même de l'italien rocchetta.

In 2000 the army acquired six vehicles for testing a new self-propelled rocket-launcher eventually designated the M142 High-Mobility Artillery Rocket System (HIMARS).


crumple

to crumple (infinitive)
crumples (present third-person singular)
crumpled (preterite)
crumpled (participle past)
crumpling (participle present)

He was so disgusted with the paper that he crumpled it up and threw it in the wastebasket.

Il était tellement dégoûté par le papier qu’il le chiffonna et le jeta dans la corbeille.


crumple

The opposing army crumpled under the pressure of the advancing troops.

L’armée adverse s’effondra sous la pression des troupes qui avançaient.


crease

Pli, faux pli, repli, pince (d'un tissu, papier).

I ironed my trousers, but the crease is not straight.

J’ai repassé mon pantalon, mais le pli n’est pas droit.


crease

to crease (infinitive)
creases (present third-person singular)
creased (preterite)
creased (participle past)
creasing (participle present)

After sleeping in my clothes were all rumpled and creased.

Après que j’ai fait la grasse matinée, mes vêtements étaient complètement froissés et chiffonés.

If you crease the paper before you fold it, it will fold better.

Si vous plissez le papier avant de le plier, il se pliera mieux.


rumple

The man rumpled the hair of the little boy in a friendly manner.

After sleeping in your clothes, they're now all creased and rumpled.


raucous

(Date à préciser) Du latin raucus (« rauque »).

more raucous (comparative)
most raucous (superlative)

The neighbors certainly had a raucous party last night.

Les voisins ont assurément donné une fête bruyante la nuit dernière.

Her voice was raucous after all that shouting.

Sa voix était rauque après tous ces hurlements.


graphic

This is a graphic description of a gory event.

Ceci est une description crue d'un évènement sanglant.


graphical

a graphical depiction of the function f(x)


chart

This explorer charted the coast.

Cet explorateur a fait le tracé de la côte.


cubic

A liter is 1000 cubic centimeters.

Cubic shapes are studied in three-dimensional geometry.


stalemate

Composé de stale (« moribond ») et de mate (« mat (échecs) »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stalemate.wav

If the player must move, but cannot move without causing his king to be in check, then a stalemate is declared.

The US-led NATO mission in Afghanistan has reached a stalemate.


stalemate

She stalemated her opponent.


prop up

We have to prop up that building before it collapses.

Nous devons appuyer ce bâtiment avant qu’il ne s’effondre.


comedian

Some comedians specialize in stand-up comedy (single-person acts).

Certains humoristes comiques se spécialisent dans le stand-up (représentations en solo).

That wise guy is quite the comedian.


disregard

The government’s disregard for the needs of disabled people is outrageous.

Le mépris du gouvernement à l’égard des besoins des personnes handicapés est scandaleux.


nauseate

Pour une maladie, on dirait: « It makes me nauseous. »

It nauseates me to even think about it.


stumble

to stumble (infinitive)
stumbles (present third-person singular)
stumbled (preterite)
stumbled (participle past)
stumbling (participle present)

He stumbled, but caught himself and avoided tripping.

With his sure foot, he never stumbled once.

Her son's strong conscience ensured that he would never stumble on the path of life.


catch up

to catch up (infinitive)
catches up (present third-person singular)
caught up (preterite)
caught up (participle past)
catching up (participle present)

I finally caught up with her in the forest.

Je la rattrapai finalement dans les bois.

Saisir ou ramasser rapidement quelque chose.

Oscar stopped the horses and waved to Carl, who caught up his hat and ran through the melon patch to join them.

I hadn't seen her for so long. It was great to catch up.


landmark

Following a landmark call for evidence, it set out how vehicles fitted with Automated Lane Keeping System (ALKS) technology could legally be defined as self-driving, as long as they receive GB type approval and that there is no evidence to challenge the vehicle's ability to self-drive.

09/12/2021, Fleet news, Mercedes-Benz self-driving car technology approved for use


beacon

Ce qui indique un danger, ou la voie à suivre.

In the dark night of galactic despostism, our federation remain and will stay a beacon of liberty.


cramped

His handwriting had a very cramped style.

It's crowded here in the back seat of the car. I feel cramped.


crooked

That line is crooked.

I don't trust that businessman. He seems crooked to me.

Je n’ai pas confiance en cet homme d’affaires. Il m’a l’air malhonnête.


tortuous

I hate driving along those tortuous mountain roads.


twisted

This rod is twisted. I can't use it.


twisty

The design is full of twisty little curves.


believable

Dérivé de believe, avec le suffixe -able.

more believable (comparative)
most believable (superlative)

Do you find these facts to be believable?


detente

Toward the end of the Cold War between the United States and the Soviet Union, a gradual detente emerged.


savings

She puts aside a little money each week, and her savings continue to grow.


saving

We need to encourage more saving among the consumers in this country.


saving

more saving (comparative)
most saving (superlative)

saving grace, saving reflex


banality

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-banality.wav

the banality of evil


let

to let (infinitive)
lets (present third-person singular)
let ou letted (preterite)
let ou letted (participle past)
letting (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-let.wav

Employé pour conjuguer les verbes à l’impératif à la première personne du pluriel.

Let’s go!

— Let our powers combine. Earth
— Fire
— Wind
— Water
— Heart
— By your powers combined, I am Captain Planet!
— GO PLANET!

— And let our polluting powers combine. Super Radiation
— Deforestation
— Smog
— Toxics
— Hate
— By your polluting powers combined, I am Captain Pollution! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha! Ha!
— GO POLLUTION!

Can you let me know what time you'll be arriving?


so-called

“Most Kabbalists were theorists who were interested only in pure meditation. But there were so-called ‘practical Kabbalists’ who tried to apply the power of the Kabbalah in everyday life.”

Neal Stephenson, Snow Crash, 1992 (éd. 1993), ISBN 0-553-56262-4 ISBN invalide

I'll have nothing to do with that so-called gentleman!


supposedly

Dérivé de supposed, avec le suffixe -ly.

He was supposedly at home when the murder occurred.


Earthling

(1923) Mise en majuscule de earthling.Dérivé de Earth (« Terre »), avec le suffixe -ling (« -et, diminutif »).

Cette orthographe est absente de plusieurs dictionnaires unilingues (OED, Webster’s, etc.) et bilingues (Hachette-Oxford, Harrap’s, etc.), mais en fait elle est aussi courante que earthling.

Terrien, Terrienne. Habitant, habitante de la Terre.

“Your mind may turn back to your own world and your own life.”
“Go back to Earth!”
Lychnis looked out at the twilight again for a while before she turned to him with, “You are an Earthling born and made. What else can you be?”


supposed to be

That child is supposed to be at school!


overestimate

to overestimate (infinitive)
overestimates (present third-person singular)
overestimated (preterite)
overestimated (participle past)
overestimating (participle present)

Drivers overestimate the capabilities of these systems while underestimating their limitations; drivers intentionally and unintentionally over-rely on the system; the system increases the propensity of drivers to be inattentive or distracted with other things besides driving; drivers confuse these assisted driving systems for automated driving systems; etc., etc.

Risks of hands-off driving and system-initiated lane changes in Level 2 driver assistance systems, ETSC, September 6, 2024


underestimate

to underestimate (infinitive)
underestimates (present third-person singular)
underestimated (preterite)
underestimated (participle past)
underestimating (participle present)

He deduces he had underestimated himself.

Traduction : Il en déduit qu'il s'est lui-même sous-estimé.

Drivers overestimate the capabilities of these systems while underestimating' their limitations; drivers intentionally and unintentionally over-rely on the system; the system increases the propensity of drivers to be inattentive or distracted with other things besides driving; drivers confuse these assisted driving systems for automated driving systems; etc., etc.

Traduction : « Les conducteurs surestiment les capacités de ces systèmes tout en sous-estimant leurs limites ; les conducteurs s'appuient trop, intentionnellement ou non, sur le système ; le système augmente la propension des conducteurs à être inattentifs ou distraits par des choses autres que la conduite ; les conducteurs confondent ces systèmes de conduite assistée avec des systèmes de conduite automatisée ; etc., etc. »


earn a living

to earn a living (infinitive)
earns a living (present third-person singular)
earned a living (preterite)
earned a living (participle past)
earning a living (participle present)

\ɜːn ə ˈlɪv.ɪŋ\

Everyone has to earn a living if they’re going to put bread on the table.


erogenous

(1889) Variante de erogenic, emprunté au français érogénique.

\əˈɹɒd͡ʒɪnəs\

In this connection reference may be made to the well-known fact that in some hysterical subjects there are so-called "erogenous zones" simple pressure on which suffices to evoke the complete orgasm. There is, perhaps, some significance, from our present point of view, in the fact that, as emphasized by Savill ("Hysterical Skin Symptoms," Lancet, January 30 1904), the skin is one of the very best places to study hysteria.

Havelock Ellis, Studies in the Psychology of Sex, 1914


unspeakable

(Siècle à préciser)Dérivé de speakable, avec le préfixe un-.

Inexprimable, épouvantable, indicible, innommable.

I can never see him again after that unspeakable act of his.

Jamais je ne pourrai le revoir après l’acte épouvantable qu’il a commis.

A bottle of unspeakable sparkling wine.

Une bouteille d’un abominable vin pétillant.


butler

De l’anglo-normand butiller, variante de l’ancien français bouteillier, à partir du bas latin buticula diminutif de buttis (« sorte de vase ») et attesté en latin médiéval au sens de (« tonneau », « outre »).

The butler will take care of you upon your arrival to the mansion.

Le majordome prendra soin de vous dès votre arrivée au manoir.


evergreen

Sempervirent, arbre ou arbuste à feuilles persistantes.

Most conifers are evergreens.


evergreen

Myrtus is an evergreen shrub.


desperation

His desparation knew no bounds.


au pair

Jeune fille (plus rarement jeune homme) travailleur à domicile pour les travaux domestiques et payé partiellement en nature avec de petits gages.

We hired an au pair from Poland.

Nous embauchâmes une jeune fille au pair de Pologne.


potentially

Potentially, she has the ability to become a star.


scintillating

Dérivé de scintillate, avec le suffixe -ing.

Her conversation is always scintillating.


stunning

The news is stunning. (completely unexpected)

That ring looks stunning on you.

The scenery was stunning.


eccentric

more eccentric (comparative)
most eccentric (superlative)

The hermit was very eccentric.

This ellipse is quite eccentric.


exceedingly

Composé de exceeding et du suffixe -ly utilisé pour former les adverbes.

Plus vieilli et plus soutenu que son synonyme very.

I was exceedingly diverted with this Journey

Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, page 128. 1719.


potency

The potency of this medication is unexcelled.

La puissance de ce médicament est sans égale.

No one doubts the potency of this explosive.

Personne ne doute de la puissance de cet explosif.


laughing gas

Composé de gas (« gaz ») et de laughing (« qui fait rire »).

In former times, dentists used laughing gas before pulling a tooth.


existing

Before talking about prospective laws, the existing laws must be enforced.

New operating systems, and new versions of existing systems, may also provide execution techniques beyond those outlined here.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 85


in existence

She cares about all the living things in existence.


debugging

fore more specific debugging requirements, you can find additional tools in the open source domain, including support for multithreaded programs, embedded code, and process attachment.

Mark Lutz, Learning Python (5ème édition),O'Reilly, 2013, p. 87


on time

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-on time.wav

Was the train on time?


shimmer

The jewel shimmered in the weak light.


sheen

The waxed table had a beautiful sheen to it.


plod

Marcher d’un pas lourd, marcher avec peine, avancer lentement.

Once our ancestors got moving on two legs, they kept on walking, and that journey has continued right up to today. In a lifetime, the average person will take about 150 million steps—enough to circle Earth three times. We stroll, stride, plod, traipse, amble, saunter, shuffle, tiptoe, lumber, tromp, lope, strut and swagger. After walking all over someone, we might be asked to walk a mile in their shoes. Heroes walk on water, and geniuses are walking encyclopedias. But rarely do we humans think about walking. It has become, you might say, pedestrian. The fossils, however, reveal something else entirely. Walking is anything but ordinary. Instead it is a complex, convoluted evolutionary experiment that began with humble apes taking their first steps in Miocene forests and eventually set hominins on a path around the world.

Jeremy DeSilva, “Walks of Life”, Scientific American, vol. 327, no. 5, novembre 2022, pages 72-81


orbital

(Date à préciser) Emprunté au latin médiéval orbitālis.

The M25 is an orbital motorway around London.

La M25 est un boulevard périphérique autour de Londres.

The rail orbital routes outside of the M25 and South Coast are challenging. The corridors aren’t particularly reliable, and in some places they don’t exist. […] But the reliability and journey times, particularly on the orbital routes: one train an hour from Gatwick Airport to Reading? Surely we can do better than that?


orbital

Définition manquante ou à compléter. (Ajouter)

As with most power tools, orbitals can be divided into light and heavy-duty categories.

Popular Mechanics, 1967, volume 128, nᵒ 6, page 166


background

The model was photographed against a white background.

Le mannequin a été photographié sur un fond blanc.

There is a castle in the background of the picture.

Il y a un château à l'arrière-plan de l'image.

The applicant has a background in mechanics.

Le candidat a une formation en mécanique.

I understand the decision because you have explained its background.

Je comprends la décision parce que vous avez expliqué son contexte.

I need more background to make the right decision.

Il me faut plus de contexte pour prendre la bonne décision.

The police are looking into the suspect's criminal background.

La police étudie les antécédents criminels du suspect.

My ethnic background influences the way I cook.

Mon origine ethnique influence ma façon de cuisiner.

The professor explained the background and context of the conflict.

Le professeur a expliqué l'historique et le contexte du conflit.

I come from a privileged background.


background

The operating system manages background tasks very efficiently.


foreground

The foreground of that painting really jumps out at you!

Now you're in the foreground, where all the action is.


on top

Let the best person come out on top.


halfway

A halfway decent place to sleep.


aragonite

(1790) Mot créé par l'allemand Abraham Gottlob Werner, provenant d'une fusion de Aragon, lié à l'Espagne, suivi du suffixe -ite.

\ə.ˈɹæ.ɡə.naɪ̯t\

Many aragonite speleothems in certaine limestone in Korea (Baekgol Cave, Jungeteogeori Cave, and Chilsong Cave) have been partially calcitized.

De nombreux spéléothèmes d'aragonite dans certains calcaires en Corée (grotte de Baekgol, grotte de Jungeteogeori et grotte de Chilsong) ont été partiellement calcités.

Russell S. Harmon, Carol M. Wicks, Derek C. Ford et William Blaine White Perspectives on Karst Geomorphology, Hydrology, and Geochemistry : A Tribute Volume to Derek C. Ford and William B. White, 2006


owner

Dérivé du verbe own avec le suffixe -er.

The owner of a small business.


credit

Du latin creditum, supin du verbe credo.

to credit (infinitive)
credits (present third-person singular)
credited (preterite)
credited (participle past)
crediting (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-credit.wav

Attribuer à (quelqu’un) le mérite de que qui lui revient.

He was credited for his work.

On lui a attribué le mérite de son travail.

Tools like Google’s AI Overviews and ChatGPT rely heavily on Wikipedia, although they rarely credit the site in their responses.

Stephen Harrison, Wikipedia is facing an existential crisis. Can gen Z save it?, The Guardian, 12 septembre 2024

The bank is going to credit you.


worn

more worn (comparative)
most worn (superlative)

A worn carpet.


prior

You don't need any sci-fi or rocket science knowledge of Python (no prior knowledge of image processing, data processig, etc.) to dive into the ocean of Regular Expression.

Abhishek Singh, Zohaib Hasan, Simplifying Regular Expression Using Python, autoédition, 2019


demon

The demons live in hell.

His drunkenness was his demon.

Son alcoolisme était son mauvais penchant.


embodiment

The general was the very embodiment of patriotism.

The Statue of Liberty is the embodiment of freedom.


layover

The ship has a layover in the port of Boston.


sales

How have sales been this month?


extemporaneously

En anglais, le mot extemporaneously a aussi un sens populaire, contrairement au mot extemporanément.

When asked for a speech, she quickly began speaking extemporaneously.


extemporaneous

She was known for her ability at extemporaneous speaking.


off the cuff

→ voir off et cuff (« sans la manchette »).

Extemporanément, d’une manière improvisée.

When asked for a speech, she spoke off the cuff.

Quand on lui demanda un discours, elle improvisa.


unlike

Unlike some people here, I've always tried to do the right thing.


barking

The barking of the dog kept me awake all night.


effrontery

Du français de la fin du 17ᵉ siècle effronterie, issu de effronté, lui-même issu de l’ancien français esfronté, issu du latin vulgaire *exfrontātus, qui provient du latin exfrōns.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-effrontery.wav

How dare you have the effrontery to tell me that in my own house!

Comment osez-vous avoir l’effronterie de me dire cela dans ma propre maison !


distraught

more distraught (comparative)
most distraught (superlative)

His distraught look revealed the weeks of sleepless nights he had spent worrying about this.


frantic

Du moyen anglais, de l’ancien français frenetike, du latin freneticus, variante médiévale du latin phreneticus ou phreniticus, du grec ancien φενητικός, phenêtikós (« affolé ») ou φρενιτικός, phrenitikós,composé de φρήν, phrên (« esprit ») et de -ικός, ikós.

more frantic (comparative)
most frantic (superlative)

Her frantic look betrayed her depth of emotion.


shameless

You can't go out on the street wearing that! How can you be so shameless?


alphanumeric

(1912)Composé de alphabet et de numeric.

more alphanumeric (comparative)
most alphanumeric (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-عُثمان (Middle river exports)-alphanumeric.wav

The character class \w, which matches any alphanumeric character, will match a different set of characters depending on the configured locale and the support of Unicode.

Félix López, Víctor Romero, Mastering Python Regular Expressions, Packt Publishing, 2014, p. 13


on your mark

On your mark, ready, set, go!

On your marks, get set, go! (altérnatif)


abound

(Début XIVᵉ siècle) Du moyen anglais abounden venant de l’ancien français abonder, abunder, du latin abundare dérivé de undare (« couler à flots »), avec le préfixe ab- (« à l’écart, loin de »).

L’étymon latin unda provient de l’indo-européen commun *unda-, forme nasale de la racine *wed- (« eau »).

to abound (infinitive)
abounds (present third-person singular)
abounded (preterite)
abounded (participle past)
abounding (participle present)

Fresh fruit abounds on a tropical island.

Les fruits frais abondent sur une île tropicale.

And this I pray, that your loue, may abound yet more & more in knowledge, and in iudgment.

Et ce que je demande, c’est que votre amour de plus en plus abonde en science et en toute intelligence.

The Authorized King James Version of the Holy Bible, THE EPISTLE OF PAUL : the Apostle to the Philippians, 1611

One end of the east-west building is wet, the other windy, and at present there is smoke abounding, too; but these distressing yard elements can be completely excluded at each end by full-width folding doors […].

L’une des extrémités du bâtiment est-ouest est humide, l’autre venteuse, et en ce moment également envahie de fumée ; mais ces tracas venus de la cour peuvent être entièrement éliminés à chaque extrémité par des portes pliantes de pleine largeur […].

« New G.E. Line diesel loco maintenance depot at Stratford », in Trains Illustrated, page 766, décembre 1960

But I haue all, and abound.

J’ai tout reçu, et vis dans l’abondance.

This region abounds in natural resources, making it a vital economic hub for the country.

Cette région regorge de ressources naturelles, ce qui en fait un pôle économique vital pour le pays.

Warton’s history is very incomplete, and abounds with inaccuracie

Le livre de Warton est très incomplet, et regorge d’inexactitudes.

Thomas Wright, Essays on subjects connected with the literature, popular superstitions, and history of England in the Middle Ages, 1846


abound

[…] the old names of whole Nations, as alſo the knowledge of their ſeuerall abodes, […], haue of late with infinite labours and exquiſite iudgement, beene probably reſtored and abounded

[…] les anciens noms de nations, ainsi que la connaissance de leurs diverses contrées, […], ont été dernièrement, au prix d’un long travail rigoureux, probablement rétablis et délimités

John Speed, England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland described and abridged, chapitre « The General of Great Britain », § 9, 1627


snuff out

Mettre un terme à un problème, un irritant.

The rebellion was snuffed out.


snuffer

Motdérivé de snuff, avec le suffixe -er.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-snuffer.wav

He used the candle snuffer to snuff out the candles of the candelabra.


tellurate

(Date à préciser) De l’anglais tellurium, avec le suffixe -ate.

It is an interesting fact that tellurium dioxide dissolves in a solution of telluric acid; the solution on slow evaporation gives crystals of telluric acid together with granules of a tellurium tellurate, 2TeO₂.

John NewtonFriend, Reece H. Vallance, Douglas F. Twiss, A Textbook of Inorganic Chemistry: Vol. VII, Part II: Sulphur, Selenium, and Tellurium, C. Griffin, 1931


tantalate

(Date à préciser) De l’anglais tantalum, avec le suffixe -ate.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-tantalate.wav

The balance of metallic and non-metallic properties in tantalum is well shown by the action of acids on aqueous solutions of potassium tantalate.

HenryWatts, Matthew Moncrieff Pattison Muir, Henry Forster Morley, Watts’ Dictionary of Chemistry, volume 2, 1889


stannate

(Date à préciser) Du latin stannum, « étain », avec le suffixe -ate.

Stannate of Potash, (KO, SnO₂, 4 HO), is easily prepared by heating any form of peroxide of tin with excess of caustic potash ; on dissolving and evaporating the product, crystals are formed.

William AllenMiller, Elements of Chemistry, volume 2, 1856


seybertite

Dérivé de Seybert, avec le suffixe -ite.

The minerals seybertite, brandisite, and xanthophyllite belong to the clintonite family of brittle micas. They are complex calcium magnesium aluminosilicates.

Joseph William Mellor, A Comprehensive Treatise on Inorganic and Theoretical Chemistry, 1947


pectate

Avec substitution de suffixes,dérivé de pectin, avec le suffixe -ate.

Pectate lyase.


platinate

(Date à préciser) De platinum avec le suffixe -ate.

'Platinate of soda (Na₂O.3PtO₂.6Aq.) may be crystallised from a solution of the hydrated binoxide in soda. Platinate of lime is convenient for the separation of platinum from iridium, which is generally contained in the commercial metal; for this purpose the platinum is dissolved in nitro-hydrochloric acid, the solution evaporated till it solidifies on cooling, the mixed chlorides of iridium and platinum dissolved in water, and decomposed with an excess of lime without exposure to light; the platinum then passes into solution as platinate' of lime, and the platinic acid may be separated from the filtered solution, though still in combination with lime, by exposure to light.

Charles LoudonBloxam, Chemistry, inorganic and organic, 1872


missing

Did you find the missing button?


taxon

A taxon is a group of real organisms recognised as a formal unit at any level of a hierarchic classification.

George Gaylord Simpson, Principles of Animal Taxonomy, Columbia University Press, New York, 1961, page 19

A taxon is a taxonomic group of any rank that is sufficiently distinct to be worthy of being assigned to a definite category.

Ernst Mayr, Populations, Species, and Evolution : An Abridgment of Animal Species and Evolution, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 1970, page 14


gig

(Nom 1) (Date à préciser) D'origine inconnue.

(Nom 2) (Date à préciser) Apocope de gigabyte.

Engagement occasionnel, généralement sans enjeu artistique.

Sometimes entire bands show up at jams, hoping to impress a club owner for a future gig.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)

Karen Hanson, Today’s Chicago Blues, Lake Claremont Press, 2007, page 101

The band got a big gig playing in New York City.

I had this gig as a file clerk but it wasn't my style so I left.

The room grew stifling warm and vapor clung to the windowpanes, blurring the throng of people still milling outside the courthouse, a row of tethered gigs and buggies, distant pine trees in a scrawny, ragged grove.

William Styron, The Confessions of Nat Turner, 1967

The gig, according to order, was brought round to the door with both lamps brightly shining, and the young men had to pay their bill and take the road.

Robert Louis Stevenson, The Body Snatcher, 1884

I received gigs for having buttons undone.

The captain's gig still lies before ye whole and sound,
It shall carry all o' we.

Stan Rogers, The Flowers of Bermuda, 1979

You'll not need the gig today, sir. A boat’s heading to us in fine style.

Alexander Kent, Command a King's Ship, McBooks Press, 1998, page 50


gig

to gig (infinitive)
gigs (present third-person singular)
gigged (preterite)
gigged (participle past)
gigging (participle present)

The Stones were gigging around Richmond at the time.

His older cousin was just gigging him about being in love with that girl from school.


parry

He parried the blow with his arm.

Swordfighters are trained to thrust and parry.


backstage

De back + stage, littéralement derrière la scène (voir aussi behind the scenes).

We visited the backstage of the famous opera house.

Nous avons visité les coulisses du célèbre opéra.


chub

(Nom commun 1) Du moyen anglais chubbe (« poisson de rivière »).

(Nom commun 2) De chubby (« bien en chair, potelé »).

He is a short thick fat chub.


Apocrypha

The Apocrypha are certain books in the Bible.


asexual

Dérivé de sexual avec le préfixe privatif a- (« absence de »).

Le terme a fait son apparition dans l'Oxford English Dictionary en 2018.

Some asexual people don’t experience any sexual attraction. That doesn’t mean that they can’t experience other forms of attraction, though.

Un certain nombre de personnes asexuelles ne ressentent pas la moindre attraction sexuelle. Cela ne veut pas dire qu’elles ne peuvent pas ressentir d’autres formes d’attraction cependant.

What Does It Mean to Be Asexual?, www.healthline.com,


elementary school

Locution composée de elementary (« élémentaire ») et school (« école »).

In the United States, elementary school is typically from first to sixth grade (ages 5 to 11), or sometimes from first to fifth grade.


livery

De l’anglo-normand livere, issu de l’ancien français livrée.

Livrée, uniforme, caractéristique d’une maison, que portent les domestiques.

By wearing livery, the brewers publicly expressed guild association and solidarity;

Livrée, couleurs d’une compagnie, d’un produit. Sérigraphie d’un véhicule d’entreprise, logo publicitaire.

The airline’s new livery received a mixed reaction from the press.

Les nouvelles couleurs de la compagnie aérienne ont reçu une réaction mitigée de la presse.


livery

to livery (infinitive)
liveries (present third-person singular)
liveried (preterite)
liveried (participle past)
liverying (participle present)

He liveried his servents in the most modest of clothing.

Il vêtit ses servants avec le plus modeste des accoutrements.


archive

Souvent employé au singulier ou au pluriel.

Let's look for it in the archive.

In the archives, they've collected billions of documents.


handful

Du vieil anglais handful. Voir hand et -ful.

Mr. Linton had put on her pillow, in the morning, a handful of golden crocuses.

Mr Linton avait mis le matin sur son oreiller une poignée de crocus dorés.

Un petit nombre, généralement autour de cinq.

This handful of men were tied to very hard duty, being constantly to stand sentinels against an army of enemies, till God sent Luther to relieve them; […]

Thomas Fuller, The Church History of Britain, livre 5, 1655

Those twins are a real handful to look after.


acculture

Soit dérivé de culture avec le préfixe ac-, soit formé par dérivation régressive à partir de acculturation.

to acculture (infinitive)
accultures (present third-person singular)
accultured (preterite)
accultured (participle past)
acculturing (participle present)

\əˈkʌl.tʃəɹ\

\əˈkʌl.tʃəɹ\

I accultured myself very easily when I moved from Chile to Brazil; Portuguese, being similar to Spanish, was easy to learn. It might have been harder to acculture to life in Hong Kong.

Je me suis acculturé très facilement lorsque j'ai quitté le Chili pour le Brésil ; le portugais, semblable à l'espagnol, était facile à apprendre. Il aurait peut-être été plus difficile de s'acculturer à la vie à Hong Kong.


homesick

more homesick (comparative)
most homesick (superlative)

I'm homesick.

Are you feeling homesick?


Adam and Eve

Jeu de mots, de la rime entre Adam and Eve (Adam et Ève) et le verbe believe (« croire »).

to Adam and Eve (infinitive)
Adam and Eves (present third-person singular)
Adam and Eved (preterite)
Adam and Eved (participle past)
Adam and Eving (participle present)
adam and eve

I don’t Adam and Eve you!

Creationism returns: Would you Adam and Eve it?

Le retour du créationnisme : vous y croiriez ?

Titre d’un article : « Creationism returns: would you Adam and Eve it? », The Sunday Times, 22 février 2004


black man’s wheels

Jeu de mot avec les initiales BMW qui signifie roues d'homme noir

A senior police officer has been demoted after referring to a model BMW car as black man's wheels.

: Un officier de police a été dégradé après avoir utilisé le terme "black man's wheels" en parlant d'un modèle de BMW.

David Wilkes,Daily Mail, 28 juillet 2008


buy the farm

(Seconde Guerre mondiale) Littéralement « acheter la ferme ». Possiblement parce que la prime de décès versée à la famille était suffisante pour payer l’hypothèque de la ferme familiale. Ou encore du sentiment fréquent des recrues de s’acheter une ferme une fois le service terminé. De nombreuses autres hypothèses existent.

L’expression bought it du verbe buy apparaît un siècle plus tôt.

to buy the farm (infinitive)
buys the farm (present third-person singular)
bought the farm (preterite)
bought the farm (participle past)
buying the farm (participle present)

That cat must have been twenty years old when he finally bought the farm.

Then tracers laced the sky in front of me. Forget the shooting! If I get distracted now, I’ll buy the farm anyway!


soporific

Du français soporifique, issu du latin sopor (« sommeil profond »).

The doctor prescribed a soporific to help him sleep.


sleeping pill

If you can't go to sleep, then take a sleeping pill.


fuss

Stop fussing! It's almost over.

They fussed over their boss. - Ils s’empressaient auprès de leur chef.


fuss

Don't make such a fuss. It's not important.


conservative

Du bas latin conservativus → voir conservation et -ive.

more conservative (comparative)
most conservative (superlative)

Are your political beliefs on this issue liberal or conservative?

He has very conservative taste.


conservative

There are always arguments between the liberals and the conservatives.


libertarianism

Libertarianism believes in the least government interference possible, whether it be less taxes or abstention from foreign wars.

Aux États-Unis, libertarianism se réfère surtout aux politiques de droite (conservative-libertarianism et right-libertarianism). Les movements de gauche sont précisé par des termes comme left-libertarianism


right-wing

more right-wing (comparative)
most right-wing (superlative)

\ˌɹaɪt.ˈwɪŋ\

They say talk radio in the United States is dominated by right-wing commentators.


left-wing

more left-wing (comparative)
most left-wing (superlative)

They say national public radio in the United States is dominated by left-wing commentators.


coton de Tulear

The Coton de Tulear is one of five breeds in the Bichon family, which includes the Bichon Frise, Bolognese, Havanese, and Maltese.

Liz Palika, The Howell Book of Dogs, 2007


occult

Du latin occultō (« cacher, garder secret »).

to occult (infinitive)
occults (present third-person singular)
occulted (preterite)
occulted (participle past)
occulting (participle present)

The earth occults the moon during a lunar eclipse.

La terre occulte la lune lors d’une éclipse lunaire.


litas

Lithuanian litas.


endocrine

The endocrine system.

The endocrine glands.


illiquid

Investment in illiquid assets may prove to be a mistake if the market turns down.


fur-lined

Those fur-lined gloves will keep you warm in winter.


purga

When the black purga blows it can pile the snow higher than a ship's mast overnight.

James Meek, The People's Act of Love, 2005


juke-box

"He slid money into a juke-box which played ʻThat Old Gang of Mine.ʼ"

Ray Bradbury, The Martian Chronicles, 1950, éd. 2008, ISBN 9780006479239


cliche

Almost everything that comes out of her mouth is a cliche!


compute

Du latin computō, via le français computer.

to compute (infinitive)
computes (present third-person singular)
computed (preterite)
computed (participle past)
computing (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-compute.wav

The recursive algorithm for computing Fibonacci numbers is compact, but it is slow, even when working with fairly modest values.

Ben Stephenson, The Python Workbook (2nde édition),Springer, 2019, page 129


skewness

The skewness is the third standardized moment of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable.

L’asymétrie est le troisième moment standardisé de la distribution probabiliste d’une variable aléatoire à valeurs réelles.


mislay

to mislay (infinitive)
mislays (present third-person singular)
mislaid (preterite)
mislaid (participle past)
mislaying (participle present)

I mislaid my glasses, and I need them to read my book.


misplace

to misplace (infinitive)
misplaces (present third-person singular)
misplaced (preterite)
misplaced (participle past)
misplacing (participle present)

I misplaced my glasses, and I need them to read my book.


consummate

Du latin consummatus, participe passé de consummare (« résumer, finir, compléter ») qui vient lui-même de com- (« ensemble ») et summa (« la somme ») ; voir aussi l’anglais sum et summation.

He plays poker with consummate skill.


consummate

to consummate (infinitive)
consummates (present third-person singular)
consummated (preterite)
consummated (participle past)
consummating (participle present)

The marriage was at last consummated.

I had just consummated an unusually hearty dinner, of which the dyspeptic truffe formed not the least important item, and was sitting alone in the dining-room, (The Angel of the Odd - Edgar Allan Poe)

Je venais justement d’expédier un dîner plus solide qu’à l’ordinaire, dont la truffe dyspeptique ne faisait pas l’article le moins important,


shoehorn

De shoe (« chaussure ») et horn (« corne »).

\ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n\

ˈʃuːˌhɔː(ɹ)n

What we all want is a level of integration that magically blends separately developed tools into a well designed suite. And it should be simple enough that existing tools can be moved to the platform without using a shoehorn or a crowbar.


attainment

His attainment of a diploma was one of his fondest desires.

The slaves fought for the attainment of freedom.


with respect to

With respect to the Arctic, climate change phenomenon is particularly alarming.

En ce qui concerne l’Arctique, le changement climatique est particulièrement alarmant.


on behalf of

Au nom de, de la part de, pour le compte de, dans l'intérêt de.

Signing on behalf of a superior.

Signer au nom, à la place, d’un supérieur hiérarchique.

Our prayers and thoughts are with his family, to whom I offer my most sincere condolences on behalf of the Royal Air Force.

Nos prières et nos pensées vont vers sa famille, à laquelle j’offre mes sincères condoléances au nom de la Royal Air Force.


spirited

more spirited (comparative)
most spirited (superlative)

the time was three o'clock in the afternoon to the dull and plodding, and the first hour of morning to the gay and spirited;

Pour les classes tristes et laborieuses, il est déjà trois heures de l’après-midi ; pour les oisifs et les gens de plaisir, le matin se lève à peine.

a spirited horse


nom de guerre

\ˌnɒm də ˈɡeəɹ\

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-nom de guerre.wav

Nom de guerre (pseudonyme utilisé par un combattant).

“We fight for our land, for our children, so that our people can live better, but all this comes at a very high price,” said a Ukrainian soldier who goes by the nom de guerre Rud.

Bodies of Russian soldiers lie in town recaptured by Ukraine, Aljazeera, 2022-10-04


gate drive

De gate (« grille ») et de drive (« commande »).

A gate drive network drives the gate of a MOSFET.

Une des trois bornes du transistor est reliée à une grille (équivalent de la base pour un transistor bipolaire), ce terme est donc relatif à la partie du circuit qui alimente cette borne


if only

If only I had lots of money!

It made me feel better, if only for a moment.

Ça m’a fait sentir mieux, ne serait-ce que pour un moment.


calm down

to calm down (infinitive)
calms down (present third-person singular)
calmed down (preterite)
calmed down (participle past)
calming down (participle present)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-calm down.wav

Calm down! It’s not that important.

Can someone please calm him down?

Quelqu’un peut-il le calmer s’il vous plaît ?

The wind is calming down now.


motorcyclist

The following definitions apply to terms in this fact sheet: (...) The motorcycle rider is the person operating the motorcycle; the passenger is a person seated on, but not operating, the motorcycle; the motorcyclist is a general term referring to either the rider or passenger

Traffic Safety Facts 2022, 2022 data, DOT HS 813 589 July 2024, Motorcycles


whine

(Verbe) (1520-1530) Du vieil anglais hwinan.

to whine (infinitive)
whines (present third-person singular)
whined (preterite)
whined (participle past)
whining (participle present)

On emploie whine pour une personne et whimper pour un animal ou pour indiquer que la personne se conduit comme un animal.

He was going to spring down hill when a little shadow with a bushy tail crossed the threshold and whined […].

Et il allait s'élancer vers le fond de la vallée, quand une petite ombre à queue touffue barra l'ouverture et jappa […].


bad mood

in a bad mood

She is in a bad mood today.


good mood

in a good mood

She is in a good mood today.


dispersant

Since the effectiveness of dispersants is time-critical, the sooner that concurrence can be obtained and the dispersant applied, the more effective such

Tony E. Hart, “Letters of Agreement for the use of Dispersants”, in L. Michael Flaherty editor, Oil dispersants: new ecological approaches, page 152, 1989

Effects due to the dispersant solvent and surfactants in the water column may be surmised only from laboratory studies

National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Effectiveness of Oil Spill Dispersants, Using oil spill dispersants on the sea, 1989

Scientists warn that the dispersed oil, as well as the dispersants themselves, might cause long-term harm to marine life.

Paul Quinlan, “Less Toxic Dispersants Lose Out in BP Oil Spill Cleanup”, New York Times, 13 mai 2010


unbeknownst

It happened unbeknownst to me. (à mon insu)

Once, while being transported, a four-hundred-pound ingot broke through the flimsy wagon bottom, unbeknownst to the driver and his companion.

James E. Sherman et Barbara H. Sherman, Lost Towns of Arizona,chapitre « Harqua Hala », page 75 [page 87 dans le document en ligne]. University of Oklahoma Press, 1969.

In Michigan, a grandmother who picked up her grandson from the Lansing airport was sentenced to life in prison without parole after police stopped her car and found that her grandson (unbeknownst to her) had a large amount of cocaine in his suitcase.

James Bovard, Lost Rights : The Destruction of American Liberty, chapitre 7 (« Guns, Drugs, Searches, and Snares »), page 210. Palgrave Macmillan, 1995.

Seemingly unbeknownst to each other, groups of scholars in five different parts of the world started re—examining various lines of evidence for Polynesian contacts, re—opening a debate that had raged for much of the 19th and early 20th centuries.

Sous la direction de Terry L. Jones, Alice A. Storey, Elizabeth A. Matisoo-Smith et José Miguel Ramírez-Aliaga,Polynesians in America: Pre-Columbian Contacts with the New World, Preface, page XV. Altamira Press, 2011.


complicit

The judge determined that the co-defendants were complicit in the crime.


alluvial

(XIXᵉ siècle) Dérivé du radical dalluvium avec le suffixe adjectival -al.

Soils are a prominent feature of floodplain environments, and we include them in this section because most of the available information on ancient soils pertains to alluvial examples, aside from those in Quaternary-Recent time.

Anna K. Behrensmeyer & Robert W. Hook, Paleoenvironmental Contexts and Taphonomic Modes dans, Terrestrial Ecosystems through Time, 1992, page 35


impish

Dérivé de imp (« diablotin espiègle »), avec le suffixe -ish, littéralement « à la manière d’un diablotin espiègle ».

more impish (comparative)
most impish (superlative)

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-impish.wav

Espiègle, taquin ; malicieux (3: qui dénote un esprit espiègle).

“They trap the poor things?” Kelly laughed.
“Pam, the bacon you had for breakfast? The hog didn’t commit suicide, did he?”
She gave him an impish look. “Well, no.”


cockney

Désignait originellement une personne efféminée.

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-cockney.wav

Relatif aux personnes originaire des quartiers et des classes populaires de Londres ou à leur parler.

A cockney accent.


cogitation

(Date à préciser) Du latin cogitatio (« acte de penser »).

Aristotle saith well, “Words are the images of cogitations, and letters are the images of words”.

Aristote dit bien, "Les mots sont les images des cogitations, et les lettres sont les images des mots". — (Les travaux de Francis Bacon, Chancelier d'Angleterre, 1848)

Basil Montagu, The Works of Francis Bacon, Lord Chancellor of England, 1848


retrospective

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-retrospective.wav

While Johannes Vermeer’s “Girl with a Pearl Earring” (1665) is on loan to the Rijksmuseum for the massive Vermeer retrospective, the Mauritshuis Museum in the Hague opened a special installation of work inspired by Vermeer’s famous painting.

Alors que « La Jeune Fille à la perle » (1665) de Johannes Vermeer est prêtée au Rijksmuseum pour la grande rétrospective sur Vermeer, le musée Mauritshuis de La Haye a ouvert une installation spéciale d’œuvres inspirées par le célèbre tableau de Vermeer.

Taylor Michael, « Museum Under Fire for Showing AI Version of Vermeer Masterpiece », Hyperallergic,1ᵉʳ mars 2023


in love

I fell in love with her the first time I saw her.

She has that dreamy look. She must be in love again.


accountability

(1770)Dérivé de accountable, avec le suffixe -ity.

Responsabilité, obligation de rendre compte, imputabilité, responsabilisation.

The United States stands at this time at the pinnacle of world power. It is a solemn moment for the American Democracy. For with primacy in power is also joined an awe-inspiring accountability to the future.

Les États-Unis sont présentement au sommet du pouvoir mondial. C’est un moment solennel pour la démocratie américaine. Car à la primauté du pouvoir se joint également une responsabilité envers le futur.

Winston Churchill, Sinews of Peace, 1946


stubbornness

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Usmaan (Middle river exports)-stubbornness.wav

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Flame, not lame-stubbornness.wav

His stubbornness led him to find a path out of the wilderness.


determination

\dɪˌtɜːmɪˈneɪ.ʃən\

The arbitrator’s determination for this case will be final.

He struggled on with great determination.


determined

(1513)Dérivé de determine, avec le suffixe -ed.

She fought hard against a determined adversary.


terra firma

"Crash! All of them rockets fallinʼ! Screaminʼ, dyinʼ! Bang! God Almighty, I'm glad I'm here on old terra firma."


LED

(Sigle) Initiales de light-emitting diode.

LED or light-emitting diode headlights use semiconductors or microchips instead of filaments found in halogen or incandescent lights. The diode converts energy into a bright white light. LED headlights last longer and are more intense. But LEDs are expensive and, if their aim is off, can blind oncoming drivers.

Les phares à DEL ou diodes électroluminescantes utilisent des semi-conducteurs ou micro-puces plutôt que les filaments trouvés sur les lumières halogènes ou incandescentes. La diode convertit l'énergie en un lumière blanche brillante. Les phares à DEL sont plus durables et intenses. Mais les LED sont chères et, si leur but est éteint, peuvent aveugler les conducteurs s'approchant.

Headlights seem a lot brighter these days — because they are, Yvette Brend, CBC News British Columbia, 24 Dec 2024


Marshall

John Marshall.


Marshall

Marshall Bruce Mathers.


google

(1998) Du nom de la société Google, et en particulier de son moteur de recherche.

to google (infinitive)
googles (present third-person singular)
googled (preterite)
googled (participle past)
googling (participle present)
Google

Have fun and keep googling!

Larry Page,Google Search Engine: New Features, Google Friends Mailing List, 1998-07-08


bollock

Mum bollocked me for coming home drunk.

Maman m'a enguirlandé(e) parce que je suis arrivé(e) saoul(e).


founder

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Samuel Muldoon (Muldoonsamuel55)-founder.wav

So far so good and so sweet until you recall that Harold Harmsworth was the founder of the Daily Mail and a happy supporter of the Nazi Party.

Sandi Toksvig, Between the stops: a most wonderful memoir, 2019, 320 pages, p. 228


founder

to founder (infinitive)
founders (present third-person singular)
foundered (preterite)
foundered (participle past)
foundering (participle present)

Couler, sombrer (en parlant d’un navire, d’une embarcation, ou au figuré).

We work’d on, but the Water encreasing in the Hold, it was apparent that the ship would founder

On continua d’travailler, mais le niveau d’eau augmentant dans la cale, il était évident que le vaisseau allait sombrer.

Daniel Defoe, Robinson Crusoe, page 13. 1719.

As recently reported by the Harvard Business Review, this problem may have been “one of the main reasons that so many online markets makers have foundered. The transactions they had viewed as simple and routine actually involved many subtle distinctions in terminology and meaning”.

Tel que récemment rapporté par le Harvard Business Review, ce problème pourrait bien avoir été une des raisons pour laquelle tant de teneurs de marchés en ligne se sont effondrés. Les transactions qu’ils avaient perçu comme simples et routinière impliquaient en fait de nombreuses distinctions subtiles de terminologie et de sens.

ClaudioMasolo et al., Ontology Infrastructure for the Semantic Web, 31/12/2003


anew

To observe and define his character, however, under such disadvantages, was as difficult a task as to trace out and build up anew, in imagination, an old fortress, like Ticonderoga, from a view of its gray and broken ruins.

Or, observer et préciser sa personnalité sous de pareilles désavantages était aussi difficile que de tracer et mettre de nouveau sur pied une vieille forteresse telle que Ticonderoga, à partir d'une simple vue de ses ruines grises et démolies.


vegetation

The projects include traffic-calming measures, removal of obstructing vegetation, enhanced street lighting and a new pedestrian crossing.

Phillip Walter Wellman, UK spending millions to improve road safety around US Air Force bases, Stars and Stripes, 26 April 2024


underline

Composé de under (« sous ») et de line (« ligne »).

to underline (infinitive)
underlines (present third-person singular)
underlined (preterite)
underlined (participle past)
underlining (participle present)

Such descriptions underline an important fact.

De telles analogies soulignent un fait important.


housekeeper

(Siècle à préciser)Composé de house et de keeper.

The last owner but one, of this estate, was a single man, who lived to a very advanced age, and who, for many years of his life, had a constant companion and housekeeper in his sister.

Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , chapitre 1, T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1811, page 1


heretofore

Du moyen anglais heretoforn, équivalent à here et toforn (« avant »), issu du vieil anglais toforan (« avant »).

Jusqu’alors, jusqu’à présent, jusqu’ici.

We now make available these works which were heretofore unpublished.


sixteenth

Many of their leading figures, especially in the city of Qom – a traditional Shiʿa seat of learning and political power that had counter-balanced the temporal authority since the early sixteenth century – strongly disapproved of the Shah’s regime and its pro-Western secular modernisation drive.

Nombre de leurs figures de proue, en particulier dans la ville de Qom - siège traditionnel chiite de l'enseignement et du pouvoir politique qui contrebalançait l'autorité temporelle depuis le début du XVIᵉ siècle - désapprouvaient fortement le régime du Shah et ses efforts de modernisation laïque pro-occidentale.

Amin Saikal, Zone of crisis : Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iran and Iraq, I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, 2014, page 106


buttock

Ce terme est généralement utilisé au pluriel.

She has small buttocks.

MENENIUS.
I am known to be a humorous patrician, and one that loves a cup
of hot wine with not a drop of allaying Tiber in't; said to
be something imperfect in favouring the first complaint, hasty
and tinder-like upon too trivial motion; one that converses more
with the buttock of the night than with the forehead of the
morning.

MÉNÉNIUS. — On me connaît pour un patricien d’humeur joviale, qui ne
hait pas une coupe de vin généreux, pur de tout mélange avec une seule goutte
du Tibre ; qui a, dit-on, le défaut d’accueillir trop favorablement les plaintes du
premier venu, d’être trop prompt, et de prendre feu comme de l’amadou pour le
plus léger motif. On peut dire encore qu’il m’arrive plus souvent de converser
avec la croupe noire de la nuit qu’avec le front riant de l’aurore.

William Shakespeare, The Tragedy of Coriolanus act II, scene 1


nip

They stopped once, to hide their implements in a thick bush not far from the churchyard, and once again at the Fisher's Tryst, to have a toast before the kitchen fire and vary their nips of whisky with a glass of ale.

Robert Louis Stevenson, The Body Snatcher, 1884


a lot of

A lot of s’emploie pour les noms dénombrables et aussi indénombrables. Ce mot a déjà remplacé much dans un contexte affirmatif, et on peut constater le paradigme très irrégulier a lot of – more – most. Ce mot dénote une supplétion car son étymologie est distincte de celles de more et de most.

I drank a lot of milk.

He has a lot of books.


discrete

more discrete (comparative)
most discrete (superlative)

The experimental readings were taken at a series of discrete events in time.

Discrete mathematics is the opposite of continuous mathematics.


auroral

(Siècle à préciser) Adjectifdérivé de aurora, avec le suffixe -al.

Morning is due to all —
To some — the Night —
To an imperial few —
The Auroral light.

Le Matin est dû à tout le monde —
À d’autres — la Nuit —
À une poignée impériale —
La lumière de l’Aurore.

Emily Dickinson (1830–1886), « Morning is due to all— » dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) (poème 1577)


CC

to CC (infinitive)
CCs (present third-person singular)
CC’d ou CC’ed (preterite)
CC’d ou CC’ed (participle past)
CC’ing (participle present)
cc

Envoyer une copie conforme à. Mettre en copie.

Please CC me next time.

M’envoyez une copie conforme la prochaine fois, s’il vous plait.


Tuder

James Tuder Nelthorpe.


armed

armed with a knife - armé d'un couteau

armed robber


Denis

Margaret and Denis Thatcher.


Dennis

Dennis Quaid.


Dennis

Sandy Dennis.


sock

Du vieil anglais socc, provenant par l’intermédiaire du germanique du latin soccus (« chaussure basse »).

https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q1860 (eng)-Nattes à chat-sock.wav

One can never have enough socks.

J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Philosopher Stone, ed. Bloomburry, ISBN 0-7475-4955-9, p. 232


trilby

The title is a slang reference to the hat worn by shady criminals at the time, not dissimilar to the Fedoras and Trilbies worn by gangsters in earlier American films.

Adam Scovell, Le Doulos: the violent French film that changed crime cinema, www.bbc.com/culture, 17 janvier 2023

The name of this hat, trilby, is inspired by an eponymous novel by George du Maurier.

Le nom de ce chapeau, trilby, est inspiré d'un roman éponyme de George du Maurier.


destroyer

Du verbe to destroy avec le suffixe -er.

A destroyer is a type of battleship.

In the Hindu religion, Brahma is the creator, Vishnu is the preserver, and Shiva is the destroyer.

Dans la religion hindoue, Brahma est le créateur, Vishnou est le préservateur, et Shiva est le destructeur.


chlamys

He unfolded the chlamys, stretched it out with both hands before me, and then cast it over my shoulders.

Walter Savage Landor, ‘Æsop and Rhosope’, Imaginary Conversations, 1844

A male god stands in three-quarter view to right, wearing a chlamys fastened at his right shoulder with a round clasp.

Mary Carol Sturgeon, Sculpture: the Reliefs from the Theater, page 38, 1977


flirtation

Teenagers often experiment in flirtation.

She liked to spend the weekends in idle flirtations with the opposite sex.

flirtation with death


badger

(1520) En moyen anglais bageard, équivalent dudérivé de badge, avec le suffixe -er, la marque blanche sur le front de l’animal étant assimilée à un badge. Voir l’étymologie de blaireau qui partage le même sens.

(Verbe) Déverbal du précédent, en raison des qualités aggressives de l’animal.

to badger (infinitive)
badgers (present third-person singular)
badgered (preterite)
badgered (participle past)
badgering (participle present)

He kept badgering her about her bad habits.


shopping

Did you do your weekly grocery shopping yet?


Prudence

Du latin Prudentius ou antonomase de prudence.

Prudence Crandall.


Prudence

Prudence Heward.


Emma

I did discover that, as well as the penknife, Emma also carried a ball of string, which is a marvellous idea.

J'ai découvert qu'en plus du canif, Emma portait aussi une pelote de ficelle avec elle, ce qui est une idée merveilleuse.

Sandi Toksvig, Between the stops: a most wonderful memoir, 2019, 320 pages, page 236


Victoria

Queen Victoria.


revise

to revise (infinitive)
revises (present third-person singular)
revised (preterite)
revised (participle past)
revising (participle present)

Le mot anglais revise signifie produire une version nouvelle. Le mot anglais review signifie examiner pour vérifier la qualité. Alors, on imagine que to revise = to review + modifier.

What you wrote before was complete rubbish. Please revise it and re-submit it.

You have revised it for the worse -- not for the better!

This law is archaic. It should be revised to reflect modern society.


Herbert

Saint Herbert of Derwentwater.


Arnold

Du haut-germanique arn « l’aigle », et waldan « gouverner ».

That big scene at the start of Terminator Genisys, when Old Arnold Schwarzenegger fights Young Arnold Schwarzenegger?


Tatiana

The Grand Duchess Tatiana Nikolaevna of Russia (1897 - 1918) was the second daughter of former emperor Nicholas II and former empress Alexandra Feodorovna.


dinghy

Du bengali dingi ou de l’hindi dengi (« petit bateau, esquif, canoë »).

His small dinghy, now camouflaged, went into the water after midnight.


Megan

Du gallois Megan équivalent, pour le sens et la construction, de Maggie.

Megan Follows.


Melvin

Variante de Melville, lui-même corruption du français Malleville ; le nom de famille est devenu prénom au XIXᵉ siècle (voir Beauchamp pour un autre exemple de nom de famille anglo-normand devenu prénom masculin).

Rachel Melvin.


Melvin

Melvin Calvin.

Melvin and Howard.


Lionel

Lionel of Antwerp, Duke of Clarence.

Lionel Bart.

Lionel Heald.


Laurie

Hugh Laurie.


insufficient

(Siècle à préciser) Du moyen français insufficient, issu du latin insufficiens.

Mr. Bennet was so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humour, reserve, and caprice, that the experience of three and twenty years had been insufficient to make his wife understand his character.

Jane Austen, Pride and Prejudice dans la bibliothèque Wikisource (en anglais) , Vol. 1, chapitre 1, 3ᵉ éd., T. Egerton, Whitehall, Londres, 1817, page 5


dissimilation

Dérivé de dissimilate, avec le suffixe -ion.

An example where a relatively old case of phonetic dissimilation has been artificially undone in the spelling is English colonel, whose standard pronunciation is /kɝnəl/ (with the r sound) in North-American English, or /kɜːnəl/ in RP. It was formerly spelt coronel and is a borrowing from French coronel, which arose as a result of dissimilation from Italian colonnello.


time zone

(Siècle à préciser) Locutioncomposée de time et de zone.

In each case you probably just waited to get back to normal, whether that meant recovering from your illness, adjusting to the new time zone, or waiting for the side effects of the medication to wear off.

Dans chaque cas, vous attendiez probablement que cela revienne à la normale, que cela signifia guérir, vous habituer au nouveau fuseau horaire ou attendre que les effets secondaires du médicament se dissipent.

Andrew E. Budson, «What is COVID-19 brain fog — and how can you clear it? », health.harvard.edu, 8 mars 2021 ; page consultée le 5 mars 2024


hourly

Please check the customer supplies hourly.


galley

The Roman galleys of the ancient world were a primary means of long distance transportation.

She changed her mind about an hour later. Kelly fixed eggs and bacon on the galley stove, and Pam wolfed it down so speedily that he fixed seconds despite her protests.

I should also take up the boat cushions and the charts and the stuff from the galley

Il faudrait que je monte les coussins du bateau et les cartes et aussi le fourbi du coin cuisine

Some smaller homes have a galley kitchen to save space.


galley slave

The life of a galley slave is a hard one.

It's not fair. I'm having to work like a galley slave!


Milo

(Village gallois) Du gallois Milo.
(Prénom) Du gaélique irlandais Milo.

Milo Baughman.


smartphone

Composé de smart (« intelligent ») et de phone (« téléphone »).

First and foremost, the smartphone is gen Z’s preferred internet access device, but it’s not an easy tool for editing Wikipedia. Even the savviest digital natives find it frustrating to edit the encyclopedia with a small screen.

Stephen Harrison, Wikipedia is facing an existential crisis. Can gen Z save it?, The Guardian, 12 septembre 2024


Justine

Justine Greening.


pilaster

A pilaster is a rectangular column that projects partially from the wall to which it attached; it gives the appearance of a support, but is only for decoration.


distracting

Distracting ne signifie pas distrayant dans le sens de divertissant. Il s'agit d'un faux-ami.

I'm trying to concentrate, while you continue to play with that pencil. It's very distracting!


growing

In Europe and America thereʼs a growing feeling of hysteria

En Europe et en Amérique, il y a un sentiment croissant dʼhystérie

Gordon Matthew Sumner, Russians, in The Dream of the Blue Turtles, 1985


related

They should consider regulatory and nonregulatory interventions related to disinformation not merely in terms of data transparency but in terms of geopolitics.

James Pamment, «The EU’s Role in the Fight Against Disinformation: Developing Policy Interventions for the 2020s », Carnegie Endowment, 30 septembre 2020

The two facts are related. - Les deux faits s’apparentent.

The first fact is related to the second. - Le premier fait s'apparente au deuxième.


dominance

(Date à préciser) De dominant avec le suffixe -ance.

But with the lively Dos Santos pulling the strings behind strikers Pavlyuchenko and Defoe, Spurs controlled the first half without finding the breakthrough their dominance deserved.

La traduction en français de l’exemple manque. (Ajouter)

Jon Smith, Tottenham 3 - 1 Shamrock Rovers, 29 septembre 2011


good-natured

(Date à préciser) De good nature (« bon naturel ») et de -ed.

more good-natured (comparative)
most good-natured (superlative)

D’un naturel aimable, d’un bon naturel, bon enfant.

The match was good-natured.


ill-natured

De ill nature (« mauvais naturel ») et de -ed.

D’un naturel peu aimable, d’un mauvais naturel.

It was an ill-natured match.


salty

Du vieil anglais sealt. → voir salt et -y

saltier (comparative)
saltiest (superlative)

The girls is all salty
The boys is all sweet
The food ain't too shabby,
An' they piss in the street
In France

Frank Zappa, « In France », Them or Us, 1984


improper

more improper (comparative)
most improper (superlative)

Impropre, incorrect, qui n’est pas accepté.

It’s improper of you to wear that skirt.

Ce n’est pas correct de porter cette jupe.


formatter

The AbstractFormatterFactory argument specifies the formatter factory to be used, which determines which formatters are used for the field.

Kathy Walrath, JFC Swing Tutorial: A Guide to Constructing GUIs, Volume 1, Addison-Wesley Professional, 2004


fourteenth

Most surviving medieval stone bridges were constructed in the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Mary-Ann Ochota, Hidden Histories : A Spotter’s Guide to the British Landscape, Frances Lincoln, 2018, page 167


seventeenth

Dérivé de seventeen avec le suffixe -th.

The British perspective is most useful for the seventeenth century, when the island nations were entwined politcally to a unique degree - though even then the insular view risks obscuring the fundamental importance to England of the Low Countries, France, Spain and Germany.

Robert Tombs, The English and their History, Penguin Books, 2015, pages 2 et 3


spanking

The naughty children had a bare bottom spanking.

Les vilains enfants eurent une fessée déculottée.


spanking

Définition manquante ou à compléter. (Ajouter)

a spanking pace

a spanking breeze

a spanking good time


spanking

brand spanking new


dumping

Dérivé de to dump (« décharger, jeter en tas »).

Procédé frauduleux consistant à vendre des cyberjetons juste après en avoir artificiellement gonflé le prix.

However, on January 31, they announced that they would be halting yields amidst claims that they were concerned about regulatory strategy and undergoing a review.
Shortly after, the project CEO began dumping tokens on the market, cashing out 44,000 UMAMI tokens.

Cependant, le 31 janvier, ils ont annoncé qu’ils allaient arrêter les revenus suite à leur inquétude face à la stratégie de régulation et qu’un audit était en cours.
Peu après, le CEO du projet a commencé à vendre ses jetons sur le marché, récoltant 44 000 jetons UNAMI.

Molly White, Umami Finance halts yields, CEO dumps tokens amidst accusations of rugpull sur web3isgoinggreat.com. Mis en ligne le 9 février 2023


draft

Du vieil anglais dragan via le moyen anglais draught.

There's a strong draft in this room. Could you close the window?

You'll have to do another draft of this document. It's not yet good enough.

The draftsman has created a draft of the new blueprint.

Who do you think the team will pick for the draft for next year.

In the United States, the active draft was eliminated after the Vietnam War.

The bartender poured a draft of beer.


draft

to draft (infinitive)
drafts (present third-person singular)
drafted (preterite)
drafted (participle past)
drafting (participle present)
draught

I've drafted a first version of the article, but it really has to be improved.


anticlinal

(1849)Dérivé de anticline, avec le suffixe -al ; du grec ancien ἀντικλίνω, antiklinô (« tourner contre »), de κλίνω, klínô (« pencher, incliner »).

Anticlinal fold.


CM

Gravity acts as though all the mass were located at the CM.

J. Russell Harkay, Phenomenal Physics, 2006,ISBN 9781411688827, page 87


cinnamon

Cinnamon is a spice from the bark of trees.

La cannelle est une épice provenant de l'écorce [du cannelier].


cinnamon

The wood has a pleasant cinnamon colour.

Le bois a une couleur agréable de cannelle.


Relie tous les constituants dans un syntagme nominal utilisé comme nom épithète antéposé ou dans un syntagme prépositionnel utilisé comme adjectif antéposé.

The on-the-job training problem is complicated by a number of factors. In addition to the large number of men to be trained, supervisors very often are unqualified to conduct training on the job because they have not received adequate preparation.

1=James H. Burke et Howard J. Hausman,Effectiveness of Training Needs Tests as Aids in On-The-Job Training, dans Symposium on Air Force Human Engineering, Personnel and Training Research, 1956, page 60

A dual display configuration of a 21- and 15-inch monitor will result in more horizontal screen area than a single 30-inch display.

1=Amadou Biallo,Mastering Digital Black and White: A Photographer’s Guide to High Quality Black-and-White Imaging and Printing, 2007, ISBN 9781598637588, p. 36


caucus

(Vers 1719) « On a prétendu que caucus était un dérivé d’un mot amérindien, algonquin ou abénaquis cau-cau-as'u (« réunion des chefs de tribus »), mais il s’agirait plus sûrement d’un mot d’origine américaine dérivé de caulker's meeting (« réunion des calfats »), soit les réunions des ouvriers des chantiers maritimes de Boston à l’époque de la révolution américaine. » — (Assemblée nationale du Québec, Le Parlement de A à Z)

Un autre hypothèse ferait dériver ce mot du finnois kikkous («réunion»).

Selon l’American Heritage Dictionary du nom du Caucus Club de Boston (voir Boston Caucus), dans ce cas, du latin caucus (« vase à boire »).

Caucus (groupe politique du Congrès américain).

Democratic caucus, Republican caucus, progressive caucus, tea party caucus, freedom caucus


caucus

The senators concerned about the environment decided to caucus together.


de-

Préfixe privatif indiquant l’action contraire.

stabilize, destabilize ; activate, deactivate.


chameleon

chameleons (plural)
chamæleon (archaic)
chamaeleon (obsolete)

And no one thinks they’re implying that, after some nuclear mutation incident involving a chameleon in a lab, they now have the power to change their own skin pigmentation.

David Mitchell, Dishonesty is the Second-Best Policy: And Other Rules to Live By, Guardian Faber Publishing, 2019, p. 50


rewrite

to rewrite (infinitive)
rewrites (present third-person singular)
rewrote (preterite)
rewritten (participle past)
rewriting (participle present)

In many cases, rewriting a piece of code as a Python one-liner will improve readability and make the code more Pythonic.

Christian Mayer, Python One-Liners, No Starch Press, 2020, page xxi


indexation

Should we follow an indexation policy by indexing government salaries to inflation?


PM

Penny Mordaunt said what the PM did was “very wrong”.

Andrew Sparrow et Martin Belam, « BBC election debate: Penny Mordaunt says Sunak’s D-day snub was ‘very wrong’ in seven-party clash – as it happened », The Guardian, 7 juin 2024


PM

to PM (infinitive)
PMs (present third-person singular)
PMed (preterite)
PMed (participle past)
PMing (participle present)

I have stupidly deleted my PMs, if you have PMed me but not replied to this thread can you please do so again.


Bde

The GOC [General Officer Commanding] directs that all Bdes [brigades] will capture/procure suitable animals/birds peculiar to their sect[or] and hand them over to 3 Inf[antry] Div[ision] Sig[nals] Regt [Regiment] by 31 Mar[ch] 1998. However in case of animals/birds under hibernation, the sizes of cages which may be required should be intimated to 3 Inft Div Sig Regt for their fabrication action at the earliest…Concerted efforts will be put by all concerned.

lettre 6361/STN/21 (1998-mar-02), Col S. P. Tanwar au nom du Lieutenant-Général V. N. Budhwar, commandant de la3ᵉ division d’infanterie, Leh (Inde)


scandalized

Emploi du participe passé de scandalize.

I was scandalized at his rude behavior in front of everybody at the party.


listing

Aardvaark Plumbing is the first listing in Yellow Pages.

Please pass me the second listing for the two story house, from that stack.

Imprimé d'un programme ou d'un document informatique.

Print me a listing of the latest version.


bounty hunter

In the old wild west of the United States, bounty hunters were used for outlaws who were beyond the reach of the law.


bounteous

de l'anglais bounty, de l'anglo-norman bounté, du français bonté, etc.

The trading company earned bounteous profits.


plenty of

There are plenty of workers.


bull’s eye

Littéralement l’œil d’un taureau, → voir bull et eye.

On her first try at archery, she hit the bull’s eye (of the target).


bull’s eye

Bull’s eye! I tried your suggestion, and it worked perfectly.


indexing

Whoever did the indexing for this book didn’t do a very thorough job.


coupling

The coupling of an electric generator to a windmill produces electricity.

The train coupling came undone, resulting in a runaway train.


brainwashing

Calque du chinois 洗脑, xǐnǎo du même sens, lui-même composé de 洗, xǐ (« laver ») et de 脑, nǎo (« cerveau »).

\ˈbɹeɪn.ˌwɑʃ.ɪŋ\

\ˈbɹeɪn.ˌwɒʃ.ɪŋ\

Lavage de cerveau, décervelage, intoxication.

After so many brainwashings, he’s got no personality left.

Après autant de lavages de cerveau, il n’a plus aucune personnalité.


bottletop

We need a bottle opener to remove this bottletop from the beer bottle.


tracing

In the New England region of the United States, some people use paper and charcoal to make tracings of three-hundred year old gravestones.