fwen

head

fwen (classifier hot, Sawndip forms 欢 or 歡 or 𡂷 or 𭇲 or 𰴸 or 歌 or 𭇳 or 寬 or 吩 or 𠯘, 1957–1982 spelling fɯen)

hot (classifier)
欢 (Sawndip)
歡 (Sawndip)
𡂷 (Sawndip)
𭇲 (Sawndip)
𰴸 (Sawndip)
歌 (Sawndip)
𭇳 (Sawndip)
寬 (Sawndip)
吩 (Sawndip)
𠯘 (Sawndip)

eu fwen


liengzsim

/liːŋ˧˩ θim˨˦/


yinzminz

yinzminz (Sawndip form 人民, 1957–1982 spelling yinƨminƨ)

Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz

Yinƨminƨguŋƅseƽ dɯg yinƨminƨ diƅ sɯŋƅcanз cəuƽ sɯŋƅhoƨ diƅ yieŋƅ cuзciƨ ƌeu, […]

1958 December 30, “GVANƄYIƧ YIƧMINƧGUŊƄSEƼ YOƧGANƄ VƜNƼDIƧ DIƄ GEƧYIƼ”, in Bauƽ Səɯcueŋƅ:

Yinzminzgunghseq dwg yinzminz dih swnghcanj caeuq swnghhoz dih yiengh cujciz ndeu, […]


haemh

From Proto-Tai *ɣamᴮ (“night”). Cognate with Thai ค่ำ (kâm), Northern Thai ᨤᩴ᩵ᩣ, Lao ຄ່ຳ (kham), Lü ᦆᧄᧈ (xam¹), Shan ၶမ်ႈ (khām), Ahom 𑜁𑜪 (khaṃ), Saek กฺั้ม.


gwih

From Chinese 騎 (MC gje, “to ride”). Cognate with Proto-Southwestern Tai *kʰwiːᴮ (“to ride”), whence Thai ขี่ (kìi), Lao ຂີ່ (khī), Lü ᦃᦲᧈ (ẋii¹), Tai Dam ꪄꪲ꪿, Shan ၶီႇ (khìi), Ahom 𑜁𑜣 (khī).

cog

Lü ᦃᦲᧈ (ẋii¹)

gwih max


ityiengh

zh-l

一樣／一样 (yīyàng)


lajmbwn

From laj (“below; under”) + mbwn (“sky; heaven”). Compare Chinese 天下 (tiānxià).


doengj

head

doengj (Sawndip forms 𰛼 or 硧, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋз)


bengz

bengz (Sawndip forms 嘭 or 𨥾 or 𠳐 or 𠴌 or 呯 or 僓 or 𧸃 or 彭, 1957–1982 spelling beŋƨ)

嘭 (Sawndip)
𨥾 (Sawndip)
𠳐 (Sawndip)
𠴌 (Sawndip)
呯 (Sawndip)
僓 (Sawndip)
𧸃 (Sawndip)
彭 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *beːŋᴬ (“expensive”). Cognate with Thai แพง (pɛɛng), Northern Thai ᨻᩯ᩠ᨦ, Lao ແພງ (phǣng), Lü ᦶᦗᧂ (paeng), Shan ပႅင်း (péng), Nong Zhuang biangz or byangz.


lwg-

lwg- (Sawndip forms 𭒹 or 叻 or 仂 or 力 or 𰌧 or 勒, 1957–1982 spelling lɯg-)

𭒹 (Sawndip)
叻 (Sawndip)
仂 (Sawndip)
力 (Sawndip)
𰌧 (Sawndip)
勒 (Sawndip)

Used in names of seeds, fruits or small objects.


Guengjsae

/kuːŋ˥ θai˨˦/

zh-l

廣西／广西 (Guǎngxī)


hojceh

火車／火车 (huǒchē)


cifeiz

From ci (“vehicle”) + feiz (“fire”), calque from Chinese 火車／火车 (huǒchē).

火車／火车 (huǒchē)


Yanghgangj

head

Yanghgangj (1957–1982 spelling Yaŋƅgaŋз)

/jaːŋ˧ kaːŋ˥/

Hong Kong (a special administrative region of China)


gangj

gangj (Sawndip forms 講 or 讲 or 𮗻 or 𠻞 or 康 or 亘 or 江 or 讧 or 訌 or 𮤏 or 㗕 or 𧨖 or 誾 or 𭉓 or 罡 or 共 or 𧥣 or 𧥵 or 港 or 𪡝 or 刚, 1957–1982 spelling gaŋз)

講 (Sawndip)
讲 (Sawndip)
𮗻 (Sawndip)
𠻞 (Sawndip)
康 (Sawndip)
亘 (Sawndip)
江 (Sawndip)
讧 (Sawndip)
訌 (Sawndip)
𮤏 (Sawndip)
㗕 (Sawndip)
𧨖 (Sawndip)
誾 (Sawndip)
𭉓 (Sawndip)
罡 (Sawndip)
共 (Sawndip)
𧥣 (Sawndip)
𧥵 (Sawndip)
港 (Sawndip)
𪡝 (Sawndip)
刚 (Sawndip)

From Chinese 講 (MC kaewngX). Cognate with Tày cảng.


lueg

lueg (Sawndip forms 淥 or 𭂕 or 洛 or 𭁖 or ⿱山⿰冫彔 or 𡸮, 1957–1982 spelling lueg)

淥 (Sawndip)
𭂕 (Sawndip)
洛 (Sawndip)
𭁖 (Sawndip)
⿱山⿰冫彔 (Sawndip)
𡸮 (Sawndip)


lieng

lieng (Sawndip form 𮎝, 1957–1982 spelling lieŋ)

From Proto-Tai *ʰlɯəŋᴬ (“yellow”). Cognate with Thai เหลือง (lʉ̌ʉang), Lao ເຫຼືອງ (lư̄ang), Lü ᦵᦜᦲᧂ (l̇oeng), Shan လိူင် (lǒeng), Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (lüṅ).

cog

Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜤𑜂𑜫 (lüṅ)


conghndaeng

head

conghndaeng (1957–1982 spelling coŋƅƌəŋ)

/ɕoːŋ˧ ɗaŋ˨˦/


mbonq

mbonq (Sawndip forms 柈 or 𠰢 or 㮽 or ⿸广㒼 or 𧜞 or 椚 or 呠, 1957–1982 spelling ƃonƽ)

柈 (Sawndip)
𠰢 (Sawndip)
㮽 (Sawndip)
⿸广㒼 (Sawndip)
𧜞 (Sawndip)
椚 (Sawndip)
呠 (Sawndip)

𭒹王㖒𮤯呠

2015, David Holm, Meng Yuanyao, transl., Hanvueng: The Goose King and the Ancestral King, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN:


gojsiz

zh-l

果實／果实 (guǒshí)


baih

head

baih (Sawndip forms 𡍹 or 𰹅 or ⿰忄敗 or 拜 or 敗 or 𲅩 or 𡏯 or ⿱敗土 or 排, 1957–1982 spelling baiƅ)

𡍹 (Sawndip)
𰹅 (Sawndip)
⿰忄敗 (Sawndip)
拜 (Sawndip)
敗 (Sawndip)
𲅩 (Sawndip)
𡏯 (Sawndip)
⿱敗土 (Sawndip)
排 (Sawndip)

bae coh baihdoeng


baih

baih (Sawndip form 𰂪, 1957–1982 spelling baiƅ)


aemq

aemq (Sawndip forms 挭 or 䕃 or 𦘱 or 𨈒 or 𮜯 or ⿰3·, 1957–1982 spelling əmƽ)

挭 (Sawndip)
䕃 (Sawndip)
𦘱 (Sawndip)
𨈒 (Sawndip)
𮜯 (Sawndip)
⿰3· (Sawndip)

aemq lwgnyez


ndaem

ndaem (Sawndip forms 黯 or 黔 or 𪒘 or 𪒤 or 𮤸 or 𭣀 or 𮮙, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəm)

黯 (Sawndip)
黔 (Sawndip)
𪒘 (Sawndip)
𪒤 (Sawndip)
𮤸 (Sawndip)
𭣀 (Sawndip)
𮮙 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *C̥.damᴬ (“black; dark”). Cognate with Thai ดำ (dam), Lao ດຳ (dam), Lü ᦡᧄ (ḋam), Shan လမ် (lǎm), Ahom 𑜃𑜪 (naṃ) or 𑜓𑜪 (daṃ).


ndaem

ndaem (Sawndip forms 䆀 or 𮤸 or ⿰土黑 or ⿰禾⿱中土 or ⿰禾宁 or ⿰宁栽 or 坾 or 𣘸 or ⿰种黑 or 黑 or 㩏 or 执 or 䀓 or 㩏 or 𮃲 or 𭢸, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəm)

䆀 (Sawndip)
𮤸 (Sawndip)
⿰土黑 (Sawndip)
⿰禾⿱中土 (Sawndip)
⿰禾宁 (Sawndip)
⿰宁栽 (Sawndip)
坾 (Sawndip)
𣘸 (Sawndip)
⿰种黑 (Sawndip)
黑 (Sawndip)
㩏 (Sawndip)
执 (Sawndip)
䀓 (Sawndip)
𮃲 (Sawndip)
𭢸 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *t.namᴬ (“to transplant”). Cognate with Thai ดำ (dam).


ndaem

ndaem (Sawndip forms 𨶯 or 湳, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəm)

From Proto-Tai *ɗamᴬ (“to dive”). Cognate with Thai ดำ (dam), Shan လမ် (lǎm).


lijbai

zh-l

禮拜／礼拜 (lǐbài)


duzciengh

/tu˧˩ ɕiːŋ˧/


diengzhaex

head

diengzhaex (Sawndip form 葶𡱍, 1957–1982 spelling dieŋƨhəiч)

From diengz (“hut; shack”) + haex (“faeces; stool”).


majlingzsuz

head

majlingzsuz (1957–1982 spelling maзliŋƨsuƨ)

/ma˥ liŋ˧˩ θu˧˩/

zh-l

馬鈴薯／马铃薯 (mǎlíngshǔ)


ndwen

head

ndwen (Sawndip forms 𬚻 or 𦙖 or 脌, 1957–1982 spelling ƌɯen)

From Proto-Tai *ɓlɯənᴬ (“moon; month”). Cognate with Thai เดือน (dʉʉan), Northern Thai ᨯᩮᩬᩥᩁ, Lao ເດືອນ (dư̄an), Lü ᦵᦡᦲᧃ (ḋoen), Shan လိူၼ် (lǒen), Ahom 𑜓𑜢𑜤𑜃𑜫 (dün) or 𑜃𑜢𑜤𑜃𑜫 (nün), Saek เบรี๋ยน.

cog

Lü ᦵᦡᦲᧃ (ḋoen)

Saek เบรี๋ยน


ndwen

Lü ᦵᦡᦲᧃ (ḋoen)

Saek เบรี๋ยน


ndwen

head

ndwen (Sawndip forms 蚓 or 𧌀 or 𧉂 or 𧐖, 1957–1982 spelling ƌɯen)

蚓 (Sawndip)
𧌀 (Sawndip)
𧉂 (Sawndip)
𧐖 (Sawndip)


ndoengfaex

/ɗoŋ˨˦ fai˦˨/

From ndoeng (“forest”) + faex (“tree”). Compare Chinese 樹林／树林 (shùlín).

zh-l

樹林／树林 (shùlín)


dangz

head

dangz (Sawndip forms 𰴇 or 唐, 1957–1982 spelling daŋƨ)


dangz

chamber (hollow space in an apparatus, such as a gun or a stove)


dangz

Classifier for the periods of time when a subject is taught: period; class

Classifier for sets of furniture or appliances: set; suite


manaez

manaez (Sawndip form 𬌫狔, 1957–1982 spelling manəiƨ)

From ma (“dog”) + a morpheme derived from Proto-Tai *nwajᴬ (“jackal”).


vahmbanj

From vah (“language; dialect”) + mbanj (“village”).

compound

local dialect; vernacular (usually referring to Zhuang)


mbanj

head

mbanj (Sawndip forms 板 or 坂 or 扳 or 挽 or 晚, 1957–1982 spelling ƃanз)

板 (Sawndip)
坂 (Sawndip)
扳 (Sawndip)
挽 (Sawndip)
晚 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɓaːnꟲ (“village”).
Cognate with Thai บ้าน (bâan), Northern Thai ᨷ᩶ᩤ᩠ᨶ, Lao ບ້ານ (bān), Lü ᦢᦱᧃᧉ (ḃaan²), Shan မၢၼ်ႈ (māan) or ဝၢၼ်ႈ (wāan), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥢᥲ (màan), Tày bản, Ahom 𑜈𑜃𑜫 (ban) or 𑜉𑜃𑜫 (man).

cog

Lü ᦢᦱᧃᧉ (ḃaan²)


hawsingz guenjleix

head

hawsingz guenjleix (1957–1982 spelling həɯsiŋƨ guenзleiч)

/haɯ˨˦ θiŋ˧˩ kuːn˥ lei˦˨/

From hawsingz (“city”) + guenjleix (“management”), calque from Mandarin 城市管理.


duix

head

duix (Sawndip forms 𬒋 or 𥑇, 1957–1982 spelling duiч)

Borrowed from Chinese 斗 (MC tuwX, “cup-like object”). Cognate with Thai ถ้วย (tûai), Lao ຖ້ວຍ (thuāi), Bouyei doix, Lakkia ti².


duix

De donq gwn sam duix heaux.

He can eat three bowls of rice at a meal.

Amount contained in a bowl: bowl; bowlful


duix

(figurative) to feel sad; to feel disappointed


makmaenj

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *manꟲ (“plum”). Cognate with Lao ໝາກໝັ້ນ (māk man).


ngoh

From Chinese 我 (MC ngaX), likely from a latter form, close to Cantonese 我 (ngo5).


laep

Cognate with Shan လပ်း (láp), Saek ลั๊บ.


laep

From Proto-Tai *ʰlapᴰ (“to close (the eyes)”). Cognate with Thai หลับ (làp), Northern Thai ᩉᩖᩢᨷ, Lao ຫຼັບ (lap), Lü ᦜᧇ (l̇ab), Shan လပ်း (láp), Ahom 𑜎𑜆𑜫 (lap).


gieng

head

gieng (Sawndip forms 𫈯 or ⿰羊𦍑, 1957–1982 spelling gieŋ)


guenjleix

guenjleix (1957–1982 spelling guenзleiч)


hawsingz

/haɯ˨˦ θiŋ˧˩/

From haw (“market”) + singz (“city”). Compare Chinese 城市 (chéngshì).


ndok

ndok (classifier aen, Sawndip forms 𮪳 or 𮪰 or 𬴒 or 𱅳 or ⿰骨六 or ⿰骨乐 or 骼, 1957–1982 spelling ƌok)

aen (classifier)
𮪳 (Sawndip)
𮪰 (Sawndip)
𬴒 (Sawndip)
𱅳 (Sawndip)
⿰骨六 (Sawndip)
⿰骨乐 (Sawndip)
骼 (Sawndip)


ndok

ndok (Sawndip form ⿰若朵, 1957–1982 spelling ƌok)

From Proto-Tai *ɓloːkᴰ. Cognate with Thai ดอก (dɔ̀ɔk), Lü ᦡᦸᧅᧈ (ḋoak¹), Lao ດອກ (dǭk), Shan မွၵ်ႇ (màuk) or ဝွၵ်ႇ (wàuk), Nong Zhuang ndog.

cog

Lü ᦡᦸᧅᧈ (ḋoak¹)


lwgdin

From lwg- (“small object”) + din (“foot”). Cognate with Bouyei legdinl.


gohyoz

zh-l

科學／科学 (kēxué)


noucoengz

/nou˨˦ ɕoŋ˧˩/

From nou (“mouse”) + a morpheme from Chinese 松 (sōng), a partial calque from Chinese 松鼠 (sōngshǔ).


mbang

head

mbang (Sawndip form 𮖧, 1957–1982 spelling ƃaŋ)

From Proto-Tai *C̥.baːŋᴬ (“thin (not thick)”). Cognate with Thai บาง (baang), Lao ບາງ (bāng), Shan မၢင် (mǎang) or ဝၢင် (wǎang), Ahom 𑜈𑜂𑜫 (baṅ), Tày bang.

inh

thin (having a small distance between the two opposite surfaces)


caux

head

caux (Sawndip forms 𰟔 or 造, 1957–1982 spelling cauч)


hwnj

hwnj (Sawndip forms 𬻏 or 𨑗 or 忻 or 恒 or 恳 or 很 or 𭏂 or 𢝧 or 𧿯, 1957–1982 spelling hɯnз)

𬻏 (Sawndip)
𨑗 (Sawndip)
忻 (Sawndip)
恒 (Sawndip)
恳 (Sawndip)
很 (Sawndip)
𭏂 (Sawndip)
𢝧 (Sawndip)
𧿯 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *χɯnꟲ (“to ascend”). Cognate with Thai ขึ้น (kʉ̂n), Northern Thai ᨡᩧ᩠᩶ᨶ, Lao ຂຶ້ນ (khưn), Lü ᦃᦹᧃᧉ (ẋuen²), Tai Dam ꪄꪳ꫁ꪙ, Shan ၶိုၼ်ႈ (khūen), Ahom 𑜁𑜢𑜤𑜃𑜫 (khün), Zuojiang Zhuang kwnj. Compare Zhuang gwnz, gwnj.

cog

Lü ᦃᦹᧃᧉ (ẋuen²)

to set out; to take off; to be on one's way

(of blisters, rashes, etc.) to develop; to appear


daehbuh

From daeh (“bag; pouch”) + buh (“clothes”).


Bwzhaij

Beihai (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Hozciz

Hechi (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Laizbinh

zh-l

來賓／来宾 (Láibīn)

Laibin (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Yilinz

Yulin (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Liujcouh

Liuzhou (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Fuzcouh

Fuzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Fujian, China)


Cungzcoj

Chongzuo (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Hocouh

賀州／贺州 (Hèzhōu)

Hezhou (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Gveigangj

貴港／贵港 (Guìgǎng)

Guigang (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Ginhcouh

欽州／钦州 (Qīnzhōu)

Qinzhou (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Sanghaij

/θaːŋ˧˥ haːi˥/

Shanghai (a major port city and direct-administered municipality of China, the largest urban area in China)


Cungzging

/ɕuŋ˧˩ kiŋ˧˥/

Chongqing (a direct-administered municipality and city in western China)


Guengjdoeng

head

Guengjdoeng (1957–1982 spelling Gueŋзdɵŋ)

/kuːŋ˥ toŋ˨˦/


Fangzcwngzgangj

Faŋƨcɯŋƨgaŋз

Fangzcwngzgangj (1957–1982 spelling Faŋƨcɯŋƨgaŋз)

/faːŋ˧˩ ɕɯŋ˧˩ kaːŋ˥/

Fangchenggang (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


Denhcinh

Tianjin (a direct-administered municipality and major city in northern China)


Neimungzguj

Neimungzguj (1957–1982 spelling Neimuŋƨguз)

zh-l

內蒙古／内蒙古 (Nèi Měnggǔ)

Inner Mongolia (an autonomous region of China)


Gyanghsuh

/kʲaːŋ˧ θu˧/

江蘇／江苏 (Jiāngsū)


Cezgyangh

/ɕe˧˩ kʲaːŋ˧/


Ningzya

寧夏／宁夏 (Níngxià)


Lanzcouh

蘭州／兰州 (Lánzhōu)

Lanzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Gansu, in northwestern China)


Yinznanz

雲南／云南 (Yúnnán)


Swconh

/θɯ˧˥ ɕoːn˧/


Cwngcouh

/ɕɯŋ˧˥ ɕou˧/

Zhengzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Henan, in central China)


Sizgyahcangh

head

Sizgyahcangh (1957–1982 spelling Siƨgyaƅcaŋƅ)

/θi˧˩ kʲa˧ ɕaːŋ˧/

Shijiazhuang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hebei, China)


Nanzgingh

Nanjing (a major city, the provincial capital of Jiangsu, China)


Gveicouh

zh-l

貴州／贵州 (Guìzhōu)


Sinhgyangh

head

Sinhgyangh (1957–1982 spelling Sinƅgyaŋƅ)

/θin˧ kʲaːŋ˧/

Xinjiang (an autonomous region of China)


Lahsaz

From Mandarin 拉薩／拉萨 (Lāsà), from Tibetan ལྷ་ས (lha sa).

zh-l

拉薩／拉萨 (Lāsà)

Lhasa (the capital city of the Tibet Autonomous Region, China)


Yinzconh

Yinchuan (a prefecture-level city, the regional capital of Ningxia, China)


Sihcang

/θi˧ ɕaːŋ˧˥/


Sihningz

西寧／西宁 (Xīníng)

Xining (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Qinghai, China)


Cwngzduh

Chengdu (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Sichuan, in southwestern China)


Haijgouj

Haikou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hainan, China)


Huhhozhaudwz

head

Huhhozhaudwz (1957–1982 spelling Huƅhoƨhaudɯƨ)

From Mandarin 呼和浩特 (Hūhéhàotè), from Mongolian ᠬᠥᠬᠡᠬᠣᠲᠠ (kökeqota).

zh-l

呼和浩特 (Hūhéhàotè)

Hohhot (a prefecture-level city, the regional capital of Inner Mongolia, China)


Cangzsah

/ɕaːŋ˧˩ θa˧/

Changsha (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Hunan, in south-central China)


Hwzlungzgyangh

head

Hɯƨluŋƨgyaŋƅ

Hwzlungzgyangh (1957–1982 spelling Hɯƨluŋƨgyaŋƅ)

/hɯ˧˩ luŋ˧˩ kʲaːŋ˧/


Sinjyangz

/θin˥ jaːŋ˧˩/

Shenyang (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Liaoning, China)


Cinanz

/ɕi˧˥ naːn˧˩/

zh-l

濟南／济南 (Jǐnán)

Jinan (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Shangdong, in eastern China)


Sih'anh

Xi'an (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Shaanxi, in central China)


Gunhmingz

Kunming (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Yunnan, in southwestern China)


Daiyenz

Taiyuan (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Shanxi, in northern China)


Daizbwz

/taːi˧˩ pɯ˧˩/

臺北／台北 (Táiběi)

Taipei (a special municipality, the capital city of Taiwan)


Vujhan

武漢／武汉 (Wǔhàn)

Wuhan (a subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Hubei, China)


Sanjsih

陝西／陕西 (Shǎnxī)


Gyanghsih

/kʲaːŋ˧ θi˧/


Gvangjdungh

head

Gvangjdungh (1957–1982 spelling Gvaŋзduŋƅ)

/kʷaːŋ˥ tuŋ˧/


Ganhsuz

zh-l

甘肅／甘肃 (Gānsù)


Hah'wjbinh

head

Hah'wjbinh (1957–1982 spelling Haƅɯзbinƅ)

zh-l

哈爾濱／哈尔滨 (Hā'ěrbīn)

Harbin (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang, in northeastern China)


Cangzcunh

/ɕaːŋ˧˩ ɕun˧/

Changchun (a prefecture-level city and subprovincial city, the provincial capital of Jilin, in northeastern China)


Hozfeiz

Hefei (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Anhui, China)


Nanzcangh

/naːn˧˩ ɕaːŋ˧/

Nanchang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Jiangxi, China)


Gveiyangz

/kʷei˧˥ jaːŋ˧˩/

貴陽／贵阳 (Guìyáng)

Guiyang (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Guizhou, China)


Vuhlujmuzciz

head

Vuhlujmuzciz (1957–1982 spelling Vuƅluзmuƨciƨ)

/βu˧ lu˥ mu˧˩ ɕi˧˩/

From Mandarin 烏魯木齊／乌鲁木齐 (Wūlǔmùqí), from Manchu ᡠᡵᡠᠮᠴᡳ (urumci), from Written Oirat ᡇᠷᡇᡏᡔᡅ (urumci), from Chagatai اورُمجی (Ūrumčī).

zh-l

烏魯木齊／乌鲁木齐 (Wūlǔmùqí)

Ürümqi (a prefecture-level city, the capital of Xinjiang, China)


Hangzcouh

/haːŋ˧˩ ɕou˧/

Hangzhou (a prefecture-level city, the provincial capital of Zhejiang, in eastern China)


Vuzcouh

Wuzhou (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


lwgfwngzgyang

head

lwgfwngzgyang (1957–1982 spelling lɯgfɯŋƨgyaŋ)

/lɯk˧ fɯŋ˧˩ kʲaːŋ˨˦/

From lwgfwngz (“finger”) + gyang (“middle”).


fwngzyinx

/fɯŋ˧˩ jin˦˨/

From fwngz (“hand”) + yinx (“to guide”).


lwgfwngzyinx

lwgfwngzyinx (1957–1982 spelling lɯgfɯŋƨyinч)

/lɯk˧ fɯŋ˧˩ jin˦˨/

From lwgfwngz (“finger”) + yinx (“to guide”).


meiq

meiq (Sawndip forms 𮠢 or 𮠩 or 𮠻 or 昧 or 䊈 or 𠸍 or 𥻡 or 酶, 1957–1982 spelling meiƽ)

𮠢 (Sawndip)
𮠩 (Sawndip)
𮠻 (Sawndip)
昧 (Sawndip)
䊈 (Sawndip)
𠸍 (Sawndip)
𥻡 (Sawndip)
酶 (Sawndip)


doenghyiengh

doenghyiengh (1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅyieŋƅ)

From doengh (“a few; some”) + yiengh (“kind; sort”).


rongh

head

rongh (Sawndip forms 𭀴 or 晄 or 𮤎 or 晃 or 𣆥 or 𭚙 or 昽 or 𭦄 or 𬊊 or 𭀮, 1957–1982 spelling roŋƅ)

𭀴 (Sawndip)
晄 (Sawndip)
𮤎 (Sawndip)
晃 (Sawndip)
𣆥 (Sawndip)
𭚙 (Sawndip)
昽 (Sawndip)
𭦄 (Sawndip)
𬊊 (Sawndip)
𭀮 (Sawndip)


ciengqyouz

ciengqyouz (1957–1982 spelling cieŋƽyouƨ)

/ɕiːŋ˧˥ jou˧˩/


roeggyaeujmeuz

roeggyaeujmeuz (1957–1982 spelling rɵggyəuзmeuƨ)

From roeg (“bird”) + gyaeuj (“head”) + meuz (“cat”), literally “cat-headed bird”. Compare Mandarin 貓頭鷹／猫头鹰 (māotóuyīng, “owl”, literally “cat-headed eagle”).


rumzhwx

head

rumzhwx (classifier ciengz, 1957–1982 spelling rumƨhɯч)

/ɣum˧˩ hɯ˦˨/


daemz

daemz (Sawndip forms 墰 or 沌 or 潭 or 𫂺 or 𰿭 or 榃 or 溏 or 坛, 1957–1982 spelling dəmƨ)

墰 (Sawndip)
沌 (Sawndip)
潭 (Sawndip)
𫂺 (Sawndip)
𰿭 (Sawndip)
榃 (Sawndip)
溏 (Sawndip)
坛 (Sawndip)


gingqda

gingqda (classifier fouq, 1957–1982 spelling giŋƽda)

From gingq (“glass; mirror”) + da (“eye”). Compare Chinese 眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng), Thai แว่นตา (wɛ̂n-dtaa), English eyeglasses.

zh-l

眼鏡／眼镜 (yǎnjìng)


Gyahnazda

head

Gyahnazda (1957–1982 spelling Gyaƅnaƨda)

zh-l

加拿大 (Jiānádà)


gyaez

head

gyaez (Sawndip forms 𭝚 or 𠮹 or 其 or 𢟋, 1957–1982 spelling gyəiƨ)

𭝚 (Sawndip)
𠮹 (Sawndip)
其 (Sawndip)
𢟋 (Sawndip)

Cognate with Thai ใคร่ (krâi), Northern Thai ᨣᩕᩱ᩵ or ᨣᩕᩲ᩵, Lao ໃຄ່ (khai), Lü ᦺᦆᧈ (xay¹), Shan ၶႂ်ႈ (khāue), Ahom 𑜁𑜧 (khaw) or 𑜁𑜞𑜧 (khraw).


Yinghgoz

zh-l

英國／英国 (Yīngguó)


yaeuj

head

yaeuj (Sawndip forms 𭠞 or 𭠥 or 拞 or 𭠗 or 右, 1957–1982 spelling yəuз)

𭠞 (Sawndip)
𭠥 (Sawndip)
拞 (Sawndip)
𭠗 (Sawndip)
右 (Sawndip)


gyoengq

gyoengq (Sawndip forms 𬾀 or 共 or 𨳚 or 供 or 㑝 or 𭑀 or 穷 or 哃 or 众 or 𬮥 or 𭁝, 1957–1982 spelling gyɵŋƽ)

𬾀 (Sawndip)
共 (Sawndip)
𨳚 (Sawndip)
供 (Sawndip)
㑝 (Sawndip)
𭑀 (Sawndip)
穷 (Sawndip)
哃 (Sawndip)
众 (Sawndip)
𬮥 (Sawndip)
𭁝 (Sawndip)

group of (people); crowd of (people); flock of (animals); herd of (animals)


Majlaizsihya

Majlaizsihya (1957–1982 spelling Maзlaiƨsiƅya)

zh-l

馬來西亞／马来西亚 (Mǎláixīyà)


Daigoz

泰國／泰国 (Tàiguó)


duzmbangq

/tu˧˩ ɓaːŋ˧˥/

From duz- + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *baːŋᴮ (“flying squirrel”).


cenh

head

cenh (Sawndip forms 𰠾 or 𫞣 or ⿰犭前 or 箭 or 𤠶 or 㹽 or 錢, 1957–1982 spelling cenƅ)

𰠾 (Sawndip)
𫞣 (Sawndip)
⿰犭前 (Sawndip)
箭 (Sawndip)
𤠶 (Sawndip)
㹽 (Sawndip)
錢 (Sawndip)

Probably from Chinese 箭 (MC tsjenH, “arrow”), as in 箭豬／箭猪 (jiànzhū, “porcupine”).


maxloeg

From max (“horse”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鹿 (MC luwk, “deer”).


Meijgoz

Meijgoz (Sawndip forms 美國 or 美国, 1957–1982 spelling Meiзgoƨ)

zh-l

美國／美国 (Měiguó)

the United States (a country in North America)


roegenq

/ɣok˧ ʔeːn˧˥/

From roeg (“bird”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *ʔeːnᴮ (“swallow”). The second component is cognate with Thai แอ่น (ɛ̀n), Lao ແອ່ນ (ʼǣn), Shan ဢႅၼ်ႇ (ʼèn); also compare Middle Chinese 燕 (MC 'enH, “swallow”).

cog

Lao ແອ່ນ (ʼǣn)

Shan ဢႅၼ်ႇ (ʼèn)


lumj

head

lumj (Sawndip forms 𢊬 or 僯 or 林 or 淋 or 㑣, 1957–1982 spelling lumз)

𢊬 (Sawndip)
僯 (Sawndip)
林 (Sawndip)
淋 (Sawndip)
㑣 (Sawndip)


lumj

it looks like ...; it seems like ...; it is as if ...


gaeqhangh

From gaeq (“chicken”) + hangh (“(of a chicken hen) not having yet laid eggs”). Compare Cantonese 雞項／鸡项 (gai¹ hong⁶⁻²).


vamaedlaeh

head

vamaedlaeh (1957–1982 spelling vamədləiƅ)

va + maetlaeh. Compare Chinese 茉莉花 (mòlìhuā).

zh-l

茉莉花 (mòlìhuā)


hawj

head

hawj (Sawndip forms 𭢒 or 𠼯 or 許 or 𭠕, 1957–1982 spelling həɯз)

𭢒 (Sawndip)
𠼯 (Sawndip)
許 (Sawndip)
𭠕 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *haɰꟲ (“to give”), from Middle Chinese 許 (MC xjoX). Cognate with Thai ให้ (hâi), Northern Thai ᩉᩨ᩶, Lao ໃຫ້ (hai), Lü ᦠᦹᧉ (ḣue²), Tai Dam ꪻꪬ꫁, Shan ႁႂ်ႈ (hāue), Tai Nüa ᥞᥬᥲ (hàue) or ᥞᥫᥲ (hòe), Aiton ꩭၞ် (haü), Ahom 𑜑𑜧 (haw), Bouyei haec.

cog

Lü ᦠᦹᧉ (ḣue²)


hawj

Lü ᦠᦹᧉ (ḣue²)

to; for (indicates the recipient of an action)


fatcaiz

/faːt˧˥ ɕaːi˧˩/

zh-l

發財／发财 (fācái)


dungzci

/tuŋ˧˩ ɕi˧˥/


hangh

(of a chicken hen) not having yet laid eggs; being a pullet


hangh

Classifier for pullets (young hens that have not yet laid eggs).


hangh

Classifier for items, tasks, or points in a list.


Laujvoh

老撾／老挝 (Lǎowō)


Lungzanh

/luŋ˧˩ ʔaːn˧/

Long'an (a county of Nanning, Guangxi, China)


Sinhgyahboh

head

Sinhgyahboh (1957–1982 spelling Sinƅgyaƅboƅ)

Singapore (an island and city-state in Southeast Asia, located off the southernmost tip of the Malay Peninsula; a former British crown colony)


nyaen

nyaen (Sawndip forms 𭸑 or 𤠶 or 𤝱 or 𰡒 or ⿰犭印 or ⿰犭⿱里⿰里里 or ⿰犭永 or 𬍅, 1957–1982 spelling nyən)

𭸑 (Sawndip)
𤠶 (Sawndip)
𤝱 (Sawndip)
𰡒 (Sawndip)
⿰犭印 (Sawndip)
⿰犭⿱里⿰里里 (Sawndip)
⿰犭永 (Sawndip)
𬍅 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰɲelᴬ (“civet”). Cognate with Thai อีเห็น (ii-hěn).


danghnaeuz

danghnaeuz (1957–1982 spelling daŋƅnəuƨ)


ndaej

ndaej (Sawndip forms 𫩵 or 礼 or 𫩶 or 戾 or 捩 or 累 or 帝 or 𦮲, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəiз)

𫩵 (Sawndip)
礼 (Sawndip)
𫩶 (Sawndip)
戾 (Sawndip)
捩 (Sawndip)
累 (Sawndip)
帝 (Sawndip)
𦮲 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɗajꟲ (“to obtain”). Cognate with Thai ได้ (dâai), Lao ໄດ້ (dai), Lü ᦺᦡᧉ (ḋay²), Shan လႆႈ (lāi).

cog

Lü ᦺᦡᧉ (ḋay²)


daegsaek

seveicujyi miz Cungguek daegsaek
socialism with Chinese characteristics


banhfap

means; solution; way (of doing something)


gijmaz

From gij (“(classifier)”) + maz (“what”).


naeuz

head

naeuz (Sawndip forms 吽 or 𧥸 or 喽 or 咧 or 𰇞 or 吜 or 呶 or 𭈥 or ⿱口奴 or 𭉟 or 𭊇, 1957–1982 spelling nəuƨ)

吽 (Sawndip)
𧥸 (Sawndip)
喽 (Sawndip)
咧 (Sawndip)
𰇞 (Sawndip)
吜 (Sawndip)
呶 (Sawndip)
𭈥 (Sawndip)
⿱口奴 (Sawndip)
𭉟 (Sawndip)
𭊇 (Sawndip)


gawq

gawq (Sawndip forms 鉅 or 居 or 句, 1957–1982 spelling gəɯƽ)


siengj

siengj (Sawndip forms 𭝒 or 相, 1957–1982 spelling sieŋз)


gyaq

gyaq (Sawndip forms 𣕧 or 榢 or 𠺢, 1957–1982 spelling gyaƽ)

Classifier for vehicles, such as cars, bicycles, airplanes and tanks.


geijlai

From geij (“how (many)”) + lai (“many; much”).


vuenyungz

head

vuenyungz (Sawndip forms 欢荣 or 欸容, 1957–1982 spelling vuenyuŋƨ)

/βuːn˨˦ juŋ˧˩/

白姓不欸容。

2015, Hanvueng: The Goose King and the Ancestral King, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN:


makbug

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *buːkᴰ (“pomelo”).


gunghozgoz

gunghozgoz (1957–1982 spelling guŋhoƨgoƨ)

zh-l

共和國／共和国 (gònghéguó)


Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz

head

Cunghvaz Yinzminz Gunghozgoz (1957–1982 spelling Cuŋƅvaƨ Yinƨminƨ Guŋhoƨgoƨ)

/ɕuŋ˧ βa˧˩ jin˧˩ min˧˩ kuŋ˧˥ ho˧˩ ko˧˩/

From Mandarin 中華人民共和國／中华人民共和国 (Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó).

zh-l

People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China#English

People's Republic of China (a country in Asia)


daihhag

大學／大学 (dàxué)


siujyoz

小學／小学 (xiǎoxué)


yozyau

學校／学校 (xuéxiào)


cunghyoz

Liujcouh Gauhgiz Cunghyoz

Gveilinz Si Daihcibbet Cunghyoz

secondary school (including both junior high school and senior high school)


yinzminzbi

head

yinzminzbi (1957–1982 spelling yinƨminƨbi)

zh-l

人民幣／人民币 (rénmínbì)

renminbi (currency of the People's Republic of China)


mbinj

head

mbinj (Sawndip forms 苠 or 𮏊 or 𬝯, 1957–1982 spelling ƃinз)


ndaij

ndaij (Sawndip forms 艿 or 萊, 1957–1982 spelling ƌaiз)


cibuh

cibuh (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling cibuƅ)

From ci (“vehicle”) + buh (“clothing”). Compare Cantonese 衣車／衣车 (ji1 ce1), from 衣 (ji1, “clothing”) + 車／车 (ce1, “vehicle”).


nyaengq

nyaengq (Sawndip forms 𮓆 or 芿, 1957–1982 spelling nyəŋƽ)

(of one's hair) messy; unkempt; dishevelled


ndaep

ndaep (Sawndip forms 㷵 or 嘿 or 𤇥 or 炩 or 𮮖, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəp)

㷵 (Sawndip)
嘿 (Sawndip)
𤇥 (Sawndip)
炩 (Sawndip)
𮮖 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɗapᴰ (“to extinguish”). Cognate with Thai ดับ (dàp), Lao ດັບ (dap), Lü ᦡᧇ (ḋab), Tai Dam ꪒꪾꪚ, Shan လပ်း (láp), Phake ꩫပ် (nap), Saek ดั๊บ.


goemz

goemz (Sawndip forms 𭨛 or 𭉀, 1957–1982 spelling gɵmƨ)

(dialectal) to lower; to bend (one's head)


goemz

(dialectal) to feel for (something) under water


moq

moq (Sawndip forms 𮄾 or 暮 or 𭂥 or 墓 or 嗼 or 吆 or 𮖪 or 摸 or 仫 or 𠸍 or 慕, 1957–1982 spelling moƽ)

𮄾 (Sawndip)
暮 (Sawndip)
𭂥 (Sawndip)
墓 (Sawndip)
嗼 (Sawndip)
吆 (Sawndip)
𮖪 (Sawndip)
摸 (Sawndip)
仫 (Sawndip)
𠸍 (Sawndip)
慕 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmɤːlᴮ (“new”). Cognate with Thai ใหม่ (mài), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩲ᩵, Lao ໃໝ່ (mai), Lü ᦺᦖᧈ (ṁay¹), Tai Dam ꪻꪢ꪿, Shan မႂ်ႇ (màue), Tai Nüa ᥛᥬᥱ (mǎue), Ahom 𑜉𑜧 (maw) or 𑜉𑜨𑜧 (mow), Bouyei mos.

cog

Lü ᦺᦖᧈ (ṁay¹)

just married or just about to be married


moq

Lü ᦺᦖᧈ (ṁay¹)


fangz

head

fangz (Sawndip forms 𩲠 or 防 or 放 or 𩲌 or 凢 or 𮫠 or 仿 or 𠉱 or 𫩓 or 𭠈 or 侁 or 法, 1957–1982 spelling faŋƨ)

𩲠 (Sawndip)
防 (Sawndip)
放 (Sawndip)
𩲌 (Sawndip)
凢 (Sawndip)
𮫠 (Sawndip)
仿 (Sawndip)
𠉱 (Sawndip)
𫩓 (Sawndip)
𭠈 (Sawndip)
侁 (Sawndip)
法 (Sawndip)


fangz

fangz (Sawndip forms 眆 or 𡍀, 1957–1982 spelling faŋƨ)

From Proto-Tai *ʰwaːŋᴬ (“night blind”). Cognate with Thai ฟาง (faang), Lao ຟາງ (fāng).


ngoenzgoeng

ngoenzgoeng (1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨgɵŋ)

/ŋon˧˩ koŋ˨˦/


ngoenzhong

/ŋon˧˩ hoːŋ˨˦/


goeng

goeng (Sawndip form 公, 1957–1982 spelling gɵŋ)

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather


gaemxgienz

gaemxgienz (1957–1982 spelling gəmчgienƨ)


bujdunghva

bujdunghva (1957–1982 spelling buзduŋƅva)

zh-l

普通話／普通话 (pǔtōnghuà)


Sawgun

head

Sawgun (Sawndip form 𭨡倱, 1957–1982 spelling Səɯgun)

/θaɯ˨˦ kun˨˦/

From saw (“writing; character”) + Gun (“Han people”).


nuengx

head

nuengx (Sawndip forms 𭈕 or 𭺲 or 往 or 姓 or 侬 or 农 or 儂, 1957–1982 spelling nueŋч)

𭈕 (Sawndip)
𭺲 (Sawndip)
往 (Sawndip)
姓 (Sawndip)
侬 (Sawndip)
农 (Sawndip)
儂 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *nwoːŋꟲ (“younger sibling”). Cognate with Thai น้อง (nɔ́ɔng), Northern Thai ᨶ᩶ᩬᨦ, Lao ນ້ອງ (nǭng), Lü ᦓᦸᧂᧉ (noang²), Tai Dam ꪙ꫁ꪮꪉ, Shan ၼွင်ႉ (nâ̰ung), Ahom 𑜃𑜨𑜂𑜫 (noṅ).


gyau

gyau (Sawndip forms 蛟 or 𰳛 or 交 or 淐, 1957–1982 spelling gyau)

蛟 (Sawndip)
𰳛 (Sawndip)
交 (Sawndip)
淐 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *krwaːwᴬ (“spider”). Cognate with Tày xao.


dinghmeg

From dingh (“to judge; to decide”) + meg (“pulse”).

com

traditional Chinese medicine
traditional Chinese medicine

(traditional Chinese medicine) to take someone's pulse


gaemmeg

From gaem (“to hold; to grasp”) + meg (“pulse”).

to take someone's pulse; to feel someone's pulse


loxlez

head

loxlez (Sawndip form 啰咧, 1957–1982 spelling loчleƨ)


loq

loq (Sawndip forms 露 or 𠸪 or 啰 or 眵, 1957–1982 spelling loƽ)

露 (Sawndip)
𠸪 (Sawndip)
啰 (Sawndip)
眵 (Sawndip)

ninz loq

gangj loq


loq

loq (Sawndip forms 路 or 裸 or 洛, 1957–1982 spelling loƽ)


diegyouq

From dieg (“land; place”) + youq (“to live; to reside”).


mizyauq

From miz (“to have”) + a morpheme from Chinese 效 (MC haewH, “effect”).


gihgvanh

zh-l

機關／机关 (jīguān)

government organization; institution; institute; organ; agency; body


singqmingz

head

singqmingz (1957–1982 spelling siŋƽmiŋƨ)

/θiŋ˧˥ miŋ˧˩/


bengcag

/peːŋ˨˦ ɕaːk˧/

From beng (“to pull on; to tug on”) + cag (“rope”).


dahmbwn

From dah (“river”) + mbwn (“sky”). Compare Chinese 天河 (tiānhé), from 天 (tiān, “sky”) + 河 (hé, “river”).


guk

head

guk (Sawndip forms 𮓧 or 𧋉 or 䗂 or 𰲥 or 谷 or 𤞞 or ⿺虎骨 or ⿰犭哭 or 狢 or ⿱曲几, 1957–1982 spelling guk)

𮓧 (Sawndip)
𧋉 (Sawndip)
䗂 (Sawndip)
𰲥 (Sawndip)
谷 (Sawndip)
𤞞 (Sawndip)
⿺虎骨 (Sawndip)
⿰犭哭 (Sawndip)
狢 (Sawndip)
⿱曲几 (Sawndip)


biuj

biuj (classifier gaiq, 1957–1982 spelling biuз)


biuj

biuj (Sawndip form 俵, 1957–1982 spelling biuз)

cousin (child of mother's sibling or father's sister)


biuj

biuj (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling biuз)


golinzgaeq

golinzgaeq (1957–1982 spelling golinƨgəiƽ)

dandelion (a plant in the genus Taraxacum)


byaeklinzgaeq

byaeklinzgaeq (1957–1982 spelling byəklinƨgəiƽ)


nungzminz

zh-l

農民／农民 (nóngmín)


fuengbienh

head

fuengbienh (1957–1982 spelling fueŋbienƅ)


bouxguhnaz

bouxguhnaz (1957–1982 spelling bouчguƅnaƨ)

From boux- (“person of a particular profession”) + guh (“to do; to work; to farm”) + naz (“paddy field”).


vunzguhnaz

head

vunzguhnaz (1957–1982 spelling vunƨguƅnaƨ)

From vunz (“person”) + guh (“to do; to work; to farm”) + naz (“paddy field”).


loqsiengj

head

loqsiengj (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling loƽsieŋз)

/lo˧˥ θiːŋ˥/

From loq (“dream”) + siengj (“to think”). Compare Chinese 夢想／梦想 (mèngxiǎng), from 夢／梦 (mèng, “dream”) + 想 (xiǎng, “to think”).

aen loqsiengj Cungguek


cwngciyoz

/ɕɯŋ˧˥ ɕi˧˥ jo˧˩/

zh-l

政治學／政治学 (zhèngzhìxué)


swyouzcujyi

head

swyouzcujyi (1957–1982 spelling sɯyouƨcuзyi)

/θɯ˧˥ jou˧˩ ɕu˥ ji˧˥/

zh-l

自由主義／自由主义 (zìyóuzhǔyì)


sevei

/θe˧˥ βei˧˥/

社會／社会 (shèhuì)


lizsij

歷史／历史 (lìshǐ)


Lenzhozgoz

head

Lenzhozgoz (1957–1982 spelling Lenƨhoƨgoƨ)

zh-l

聯合國／联合国 (Liánhéguó)


cwngci

/ɕɯŋ˧˥ ɕi˧˥/


cwngci

/ɕɯŋ˧˥ ɕi˧˥/


Bwzgingh

Beijing (a municipality, the capital city of China)


fouz

From Proto-Tai *wuːᴬ (“to float”), from Chinese 浮 (MC bjuw, “to float”). Cognate with Thai ฟู (fuu), Northern Thai ᨼᩪ, Khün ᨼᩪ, Isan ฟู, Lao ຟູ (fū), Lü ᦝᦴ (fuu), Shan ၽူး (phúu) or ၾူး (fúu), Ahom 𑜇𑜥 (phū), Bouyei fux.


fouz

fouz son fouz gyauq

ill-mannered; rude (literally, “without teaching or teaching”)

(used before each of a pair of words) without ... or ...; neither ... nor ...


lwgfwngzcod

head

lwgfwngzcod (1957–1982 spelling lɯgfɯŋƨcod)

/lɯk˧ fɯŋ˧˩ ɕoːt˧/


lwgfwngzcaemj

lwgfwngzcaemj (1957–1982 spelling lɯgfɯŋƨcəmз)

/lɯk˧ fɯŋ˧˩ ɕam˥/

From lwgfwngz (“finger”) + caemj (“to dip”).


yangzcoeng

/jaːŋ˧˩ ɕoŋ˨˦/


daengloengz

daengloengz (1957–1982 spelling dəŋlɵŋƨ)

/taŋ˨˦ loŋ˧˩/


maenzgat

yam bean; jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, plant or root)


yaem

yaem (Sawndip form 音, 1957–1982 spelling yəm)


yaem

to give the phonetic notation of a word or character; to transcribe


yaem

yaem (Sawndip form 喑, 1957–1982 spelling yəm)


lenzbangh

lenzbangh (Sawndip forms 聯邦 or 联邦, 1957–1982 spelling lenƨbaŋƅ)


vangzgoz

vangzgoz (Sawndip form 王國, 1957–1982 spelling vaŋƨgoƨ)

/βaːŋ˧˩ ko˧˩/

zh-l

王國／王国 (wángguó)


Yidali

head

Yidali (Sawndip form 意大利, 1957–1982 spelling Yidali)

zh-l

意大利 (Yìdàlì)


Sihbanhyaz

head

Sihbanhyaz (Sawndip form 西班牙, 1957–1982 spelling Siƅbanƅyaƨ)

zh-l

西班牙 (Xībānyá)

Spain (a country in Southern Europe, including most of the Iberian peninsula)


Dwzgoz

head

Dwzgoz (Sawndip forms 德國 or 德国, 1957–1982 spelling Dɯƨgoƨ)

zh-l

德國／德国 (Déguó)

Germany (a country in Central Europe, formed in 1949 as West Germany, with its provisional capital Bonn until 1990, when it incorporated East Germany)


Yizbwnj

head

Yizbwnj (Sawndip form 日本, 1957–1982 spelling Yiƨbɯnз)


Feihcouh

Feihcouh (Sawndip form 非洲, 1957–1982 spelling Feiƅcouƅ)


Buzdauzyaz

Buzdauzyaz (Sawndip form 葡萄牙, 1957–1982 spelling Buƨdauƨyaƨ)

zh-l

葡萄牙 (Pútáoyá)


Hanzgoz

head

Hanzgoz (Sawndip forms 韓國 or 韩国, 1957–1982 spelling Hanƨgoƨ)

zh-l

韓國／韩国 (Hánguó)


Yacouh

head

Yacouh (Sawndip forms 亞洲 or 亚洲, 1957–1982 spelling Yacouƅ)

zh-l

亞洲／亚洲 (Yàzhōu)


Cauzsenh

head

Cauzsenh (Sawndip forms 朝鮮 or 朝鲜, 1957–1982 spelling Cauƨsenƅ)

/ɕaːu˧˩ θeːn˧/

za:Cauzsenh Minzcujcujyi Yinzminz Gunghozgoz


Audaliya

/ʔaːu˧˥ ta˧˥ li˧˥ ja˧˥/

zh-l

澳大利亞／澳大利亚 (Àodàlìyà)

Australia (A country in Oceania comprising the islands of Australia, Tasmania and other smaller islands in the Pacific Ocean, as well as a former colony in the British Empire)

(geology) Australia (a continent consisting of the islands of Australia, New Guinea and intervening islands)


Ngozlozswh

head

Ngozlozswh (1957–1982 spelling Ŋoƨloƨsɯƅ)

/ŋo˧˩ lo˧˩ θɯ˧/

zh-l

俄羅斯／俄罗斯 (Éluósī)

Russia (A transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)


Yindu

head

Yindu (Sawndip form 印度, 1957–1982 spelling Yiƌu)


veijyenzvei

veijyenzvei (1957–1982 spelling veiзyenƨvei)

zh-l

委員會／委员会 (wěiyuánhuì)


fatseng

/faːt˧˥ θeːŋ˨˦/


mboengqneix

head

mboengqneix (1957–1982 spelling ƃɵŋƽneiч)

/ɓoŋ˧˥ nei˦˨/


Lozcwngz

/lo˧˩ ɕɯŋ˧˩/

Luocheng (a county of Hechi, Guangxi, China)


Aucouh

/ʔaːu˧˥ ɕou˧/


dax-

dax- (Sawndip form 㐲, 1957–1982 spelling daч-)

Used in kinship terms referring to an older generation.


ngux nyied co'ngux

ngux nyied co'ngux (1957–1982 spelling ŋuч nyied co'ŋuч)

/ŋu˦˨ ɲiːt˧ ɕo˨˦ ŋu˦˨/

From Chinese 五月初五 (MC nguX ngjwot tsrhjo nguX).

Dragon Boat Festival
Dragon Boat Festival


bet nyied cibngux

bet nyied cibngux (1957–1982 spelling bet nyied cibŋuч)

/peːt˧˥ ɲiːt˧ ɕip˧ ŋu˦˨/

From Middle Chinese 八月十五 (MC peat ngjwot dzyip nguX).


Sawcuengh

Sawcuengh (Sawndip form 𭨡僮, 1957–1982 spelling Səɯcueŋƅ)

/θaɯ˨˦ ɕuːŋ˧/

From saw (“writing; script”) + Cuengh (“Zhuang”).


gaej

head

gaej (Sawndip forms 介 or 皆 or 揩 or 改 or 䚸 or 給, 1957–1982 spelling gəiз)

介 (Sawndip)
皆 (Sawndip)
揩 (Sawndip)
改 (Sawndip)
䚸 (Sawndip)
給 (Sawndip)


cunhyenz

zh-l

尊嚴／尊严 (zūnyán)


gizlawz

From giz (“place”) + lawz (“what, which”).


cihsaw

From cih (“classifier for characters”) + saw (“writing; character”).


giceh

zh-l

汽車／汽车 (qìchē)


daxmeh

head

daxmeh (Sawndip form 㐲𭑫, 1957–1982 spelling daчmeƅ)


ndaeng

ndaeng (Sawndip form 登, 1957–1982 spelling ƌəŋ)

From Proto-Tai *ɗaŋᴬ (“nose”). Cognate with Thai ดัง (dang) or ดั้ง (dâng), Northern Thai ᨯᩢ᩠ᨦ, Lao ດັງ (dang), Lü ᦡᧂ (ḋang), Shan လင်/ၼင် (lǎng/nǎng) (as in ၶူႈလင်/ၶူႈၼင် (khūu lǎng/khūu nǎng)), Tai Nüa ᥘᥒ (lang), Aiton ဒင် (daṅ) or ꩫင် (naṅ), Ahom 𑜓𑜂𑜫 (daṅ) or 𑜃𑜂𑜫 (naṅ), Bouyei ndangl. Compare also Proto-Austronesian *ujuŋ (“nose”).


congh

congh (Sawndip forms 𰇍 or 𱦝 or 𫩘 or 冲 or 串 or ⿱穴口 or ⿱宀双, 1957–1982 spelling coŋƅ)

𰇍 (Sawndip)
𱦝 (Sawndip)
𫩘 (Sawndip)
冲 (Sawndip)
串 (Sawndip)
⿱穴口 (Sawndip)
⿱宀双 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɟoːŋᴮ (“crack, hole”). Cognate with Thai ช่อง (chɔ̂ng), Isan ซ่อง, Lao ຊ່ອງ (sǭng), Lü ᦋᦸᧂᧈ (tsoang¹).


Sinhsihlanz

Sinhsihlanz (Sawndip forms 新西蘭 or 新西兰, 1957–1982 spelling Sinƅsiƅlanƨ)

zh-l

新西蘭／新西兰 (Xīnxīlán)

New Zealand (a country and archipelago in Oceania, to the east of Australia)


yijyenz

head

yijyenz (Sawndip forms 語言 or 语言, 1957–1982 spelling yiзyenƨ)

zh-l

語言／语言 (yǔyán)


hucau

head

hucau (Sawndip forms 護照 or 护照, 1957–1982 spelling hucau)

/hu˨˦ ɕaːu˨˦/

zh-l

護照／护照 (hùzhào)


Bahgihswhdanj

head

Bahgihswhdanj (Sawndip form 巴基斯坦, 1957–1982 spelling Baƅgiƅsɯƅdanз)

zh-l

巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn)


baengzyoux

head

baengzyoux (Sawndip form 朋友, 1957–1982 spelling bəŋƨyouч)


cwngfuj

cwngfuj (Sawndip form 政府, 1957–1982 spelling cɯŋfuз)


Menjden

Menjden (Sawndip forms 緬甸 or 缅甸, 1957–1982 spelling Menзden)


Munggyahlahgoz

Munggyahlahgoz (Sawndip forms 孟加拉國 or 孟加拉国, 1957–1982 spelling Muŋgyaƅlaƅgoƨ)

zh-l

孟加拉國／孟加拉国 (Mèngjiālāguó)


Yunghyazli

head

Yunghyazli (Sawndip form 匈牙利, 1957–1982 spelling Yuŋƅyaƨli)


Lozmajnizya

Lozmajnizya (Sawndip forms 羅馬尼亞 or 罗马尼亚, 1957–1982 spelling Loƨmaзniƨya)

zh-l

羅馬尼亞／罗马尼亚 (Luómǎníyà)

Southeast Europe
Southeast Europe#English


Gwzlujgizya

head

Gwzlujgizya (Sawndip forms 格魯吉亞 or 格鲁吉亚, 1957–1982 spelling Gɯƨluзgiƨya)

zh-l

格魯吉亞／格鲁吉亚 (Gélǔjíyà)

Georgia (A transcontinental country in the Caucasus region of Europe and Asia, on the coast of the Black Sea, often considered to belong politically to Europe)


Yameijnizya

head

Yameijnizya (Sawndip forms 亞美尼亞 or 亚美尼亚, 1957–1982 spelling Yameiзniƨya)

zh-l

亞美尼亞／亚美尼亚 (Yàměiníyà)

Armenia (A country in the South Caucasus region of Asia, sometimes considered to belong politically to Europe)


ruenz

head

ruenz (Sawndip forms 𨁚 or 园 or 𮛛, 1957–1982 spelling ruenƨ)

From Proto-Tai *ɡ.lwɤːnᴬ (“to crawl”). Cognate with Thai คลาน (klaan), Lao ຄານ (khān), Shan ၵၢၼ်း (káan).


gyoijhom

From gyoij (“banana (general term)”) + hom (“fragrant”). Compare Mandarin 香蕉 (xiāngjiāo).


lauz

head

lauz (Sawndip forms 𦛨 or 𰮮 or ⿰劳油, 1957–1982 spelling lauƨ)

Possibly borrowed from Chinese 膋 (OC *reːw) (Schuessler, 2007). Cognate with Bouyei laauz.


saidoengz

/θaːi˨˦ toŋ˧˩/

From sai (“belt, band”) + doengz (“rainbow”).


cieng

cieng (Sawndip forms 䐏 or 正 or 𦙫 or 𰙸 or 张, 1957–1982 spelling cieŋ)

䐏 (Sawndip)
正 (Sawndip)
𦙫 (Sawndip)
𰙸 (Sawndip)
张 (Sawndip)

Probably from Chinese 正 (MC tsyeng, “first (month of the Chinese calendar)”). Cognate with Bouyei xiangl.


duzdoengz

From duz- + doengz (“rainbow”). Cognate with Bouyei duezdoongz (“rainbow”).


𬻊

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 天 (“sky”) + 下 (“down”) – bottom. Compare 𡗶 (“up”).

Han compound

Sawndip form of laj (“underside; bottom”)


gwnz

head

gwnz (Sawndip forms 𡗶 or 忐 or 𨑗 or 𭆦 or 𮌈 or ⿱艮上 or 𰀏 or 㫖 or ⿺更上 or ⿱⺊恳 or 丄 or 勤 or 群, 1957–1982 spelling gɯnƨ)

𡗶 (Sawndip)
忐 (Sawndip)
𨑗 (Sawndip)
𭆦 (Sawndip)
𮌈 (Sawndip)
⿱艮上 (Sawndip)
𰀏 (Sawndip)
㫖 (Sawndip)
⿺更上 (Sawndip)
⿱⺊恳 (Sawndip)
丄 (Sawndip)
勤 (Sawndip)
群 (Sawndip)


yihyen

zh-l

醫院／医院 (yīyuàn)


husw

護士／护士 (hùshì)

nurse (person trained to provide care for the sick)


bouxganqbingh

head

bouxganqbingh (1957–1982 spelling bouчganƽbiŋƅ)

From boux- (“person of a particular profession”) + ganq (“to care for; to nurse”) + bingh (“disease; illness”).


-boux

head

-boux (Sawndip forms 𠀱 or 卜 or 𠇑, 1957–1982 spelling -bouч)

Cognate with Thai ผู้ (pûu), Lao ຜູ້ (phū), Lü ᦕᦴᧉ (ṗhuu²), Shan ၽူႈ (phūu), Ahom 𑜇𑜥 (phū).

cog

Lü ᦕᦴᧉ (ṗhuu²)

gaeqboux


canghyw

/ɕaːŋ˧ jɯ˨˦/

From cangh (“someone in a particular profession”) + yw (“medicine”).


boux-

bouxbingh
patient

a person of a particular type or profession


bouxlawz

From boux (“classifier for people”) + lawz (“which”), literally “which person”.


Bouxyaej

head

Bouxyaej (Sawndip form 俌伢, 1957–1982 spelling Bouчyəiз)

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + Yaej (“Bouyei”).


yiebdaeuz

From yieb (“page”, from Chinese 頁／页) + daeuz (“first”, from Chinese 頭／头 “head; first”). Compare Chinese 首頁／首页 (shǒuyè), from 首 (shǒu, “head; first”) + 頁／页 (yè, “page”).

zh-l

首頁／首页 (shǒuyè)


daeuz

head

daeuz (Sawndip form 头, 1957–1982 spelling dəuƨ)

From Chinese 頭 (MC duw, “head; first; leader”). Doublet of duz.


mbaengq

Compare Thai บั้ง (bâng), Lao ບັ້ງ (bang), Lü ᦢᧂᧉ (ḃang²), Tày bẳng.

cog

Lü ᦢᧂᧉ (ḃang²)


gyauvei

/kʲaːu˧˥ βei˧˥/

zh-l

教會／教会 (jiàohuì)


yahmaiq

From yah (“wife”) + maiq (“widow; widower”).


Yehsuh

耶穌／耶稣 (Yēsū)


Yehsuh Gihduz

head

Yehsuh Gihduz (1957–1982 spelling Yeƅsuƅ Giƅduƨ)

zh-l

耶穌基督／耶稣基督 (Yēsū Jīdū)


gaggaj

From gag (“by oneself”) + gaj (“to kill”).


lwglan

From lwg (“child; son”) + lan (“grandchild; grandson”).


lanmbwk

head

lanmbwk (classifier boux, 1957–1982 spelling lanƃɯk)

/laːn˨˦ ɓɯk˥/

From lan (“grandchild”) + mbwk (“female”).


doj

doj (Sawndip forms 圡 or 仛 or 垑 or 垛, 1957–1982 spelling doз)

圡 (Sawndip)
仛 (Sawndip)
垑 (Sawndip)
垛 (Sawndip)


lansai

lansai (classifier boux, 1957–1982 spelling lansai)

/laːn˨˦ θaːi˨˦/

From lan (“grandchild”) + sai (“man; male”).


mbwk

mbwk (Sawndip forms 𫱆 or 𭓏 or 娝 or 逼, 1957–1982 spelling ƃɯk)

𫱆 (Sawndip)
𭓏 (Sawndip)
娝 (Sawndip)
逼 (Sawndip)


miznaj

From miz (“to have”) + naj (“face; sense of honour and dignity”).


aux ma doxhaeb

head

aux ma doxhaeb (1957–1982 spelling auч ma doчhəb)

Literally "to incite dogs to bite each other".

(idiomatic) to incite one against the other


byoengqhangxsaez

byɵŋƽhaŋчsəiƨ

byoengqhangxsaez (1957–1982 spelling byɵŋƽhaŋчsəiƨ)

/pʲoŋ˧˥ haːŋ˦˨ θai˧˩/

From byoengq (“to break open”) + hangx (“bottom”) + saez (“fish trap”), literally "to break open the bottom of a fish trap".

com

(idiomatic) to dig up somebody's unsavory past


gingj

head

gingj (Sawndip forms 𣻳 or 𠶛 or 经 or 傾, 1957–1982 spelling giŋз)

𣻳 (Sawndip)
𠶛 (Sawndip)
经 (Sawndip)
傾 (Sawndip)

Cognate with Thai กลิ้ง (glîng), Lao ກິ້ງ (king), Shan ၵိင်ႈ (kīng).


ep meuz gwn meiq

ep meuz gwn meiq (1957–1982 spelling ep meuƨ gɯn meiƽ)

/ʔeːp˧˥ meːu˧˩ kɯn˨˦ mei˧˥/

Literally "to force a cat to eat vinegar".

(idiomatic) to try to make somebody do something which they will not or cannot do


riuj haizcauj

riuj haizcauj (1957–1982 spelling riuз haiƨcauз)

Literally "to carry straw sandals [for somebody]".

(idiomatic) to be an assistant of somebody


boemx

(dialectal) to break (something onto the ground); to smash; to drop something and break it


gwn haeuxrog

gwn haeuxrog (1957–1982 spelling gɯn həuчrog)

(idiomatic) to work somewhere away from home


nyaeb maet haeuj ndang

nyaeb maet haeuj ndang (1957–1982 spelling nyəb mət həuз ƌaŋ)

Literally "to pick a flea and get it into one's body".

หาเหาใส่หัว

to look for a louse and put it on one's head


ma dai maet caez dai

ma dai maet caez dai (1957–1982 spelling ma dai mət cəiƨ dai)

Literally "if a dog dies, the flea [on the dog] dies with it".


riuj

riuj (Sawndip forms 𢲑 or 𭡻 or 𢩪, 1957–1982 spelling riuз)

From Proto-Tai *triːwꟲ (“to carry (a bag)”). Cognate with Thai หิ้ว (hîu), Lao ຫິ້ວ (hiu), Shan ႁိဝ်ႈ (hīo), Bouyei riuc, Saek ริ̂ว.


langh bit roengz raemx

langh bit roengz raemx (1957–1982 spelling laŋƅ bit rɵŋƨ rəmч)

/laːŋ˧ pit˥ ɣoŋ˧˩ ɣam˦˨/

(idiomatic) to be just what one hopes for


gingj boemx loengx

giŋз bɵmч lɵŋч

gingj boemx loengx (1957–1982 spelling giŋз bɵmч lɵŋч)


dem gyaeuj dem rieng

dem gyaeuj dem rieng (1957–1982 spelling dem gyəuз dem rieŋ)

/teːm˨˦ kʲau˥ teːm˨˦ ɣiːŋ˨˦/

Literally "to add a head and add a tail".


loengx

loengx (Sawndip forms 笼 or 櫳 or 梇, 1957–1982 spelling lɵŋч)


ndaej dangj vuengzdaeq sieng dangj sien

ndaej dangj vuengzdaeq sieng dangj sien (1957–1982 spelling ƌəiз daŋз vueŋƨdəiƽ sieŋ daŋз sien)

/ɗai˥ taːŋ˥ βuːŋ˧˩ tai˧˥ θiːŋ˨˦ taːŋ˥ θiːn˨˦/

Literally "can become an emperor but want to become immortal".

(idiomatic) to be unsatisfied at the current state


laeujbizciuj

laeujbizciuj (1957–1982 spelling ləuзbiƨciuз)

From laeuj (“alcohol”) + Mandarin 啤酒 (píjiǔ, “beer”).


maiq

maiq (Sawndip forms 嬻 or 𢠼 or 𪥿 or 嘪 or 㜥 or 邁 or 𭟐, 1957–1982 spelling maiƽ)

嬻 (Sawndip)
𢠼 (Sawndip)
𪥿 (Sawndip)
嘪 (Sawndip)
㜥 (Sawndip)
邁 (Sawndip)
𭟐 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːjꟲ (“widowed”). Cognate with Thai ม่าย (mâai).


Vahgun

From vah (“language”) + Gun (“Han people”).


goengda

From goeng (“paternal grandfather; old man”) + da (“maternal grandfather”).

com

maternal grandfather
maternal grandfather


ceih

head

ceih (Sawndip forms ⿱制二 or ⿰手罪, 1957–1982 spelling ceiƅ)


couj

couj (Sawndip form 吜, 1957–1982 spelling couз)


ceij

ceij (classifier mbaw, Sawndip form 帋, 1957–1982 spelling ceiз)


youx

youx (Sawndip forms 伖 or 酉 or 伷 or 友 or 𰣊 or 𡛀, 1957–1982 spelling youч)

伖 (Sawndip)
酉 (Sawndip)
伷 (Sawndip)
友 (Sawndip)
𰣊 (Sawndip)
𡛀 (Sawndip)

lover; sweetheart; boyfriend or girlfriend


haih

haih (Sawndip forms 𠛳 or 嗐, 1957–1982 spelling haiƅ)


haih

haih (Sawndip form 𬽄, 1957–1982 spelling haiƅ)

(of things generating heat) to die down; to cool off


feih

feih (Sawndip forms 啡 or 味 or 未, 1957–1982 spelling feiƅ)


saenz

saenz (Sawndip forms 抻 or 神 or 𭡮 or 辰 or 寅, 1957–1982 spelling sənƨ)

抻 (Sawndip)
神 (Sawndip)
𭡮 (Sawndip)
辰 (Sawndip)
寅 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *salᴮ. Cognate with Thai สั่น (sàn), Lao ສັ່ນ (san) or ຊັ່ນ (san), Lü ᦶᦉᧃᧈ (ṡaen¹), Shan သၼ်ႇ (sàn), Ahom 𑜏𑜃𑜫 (san), Nong Zhuang saenq.

cog

Lü ᦶᦉᧃᧈ (ṡaen¹)

to shiver; to quiver; to jiggle; to tremble


daengq

head

daengq (Sawndip forms 𣛆 or 朾, 1957–1982 spelling dəŋƽ)

From Proto-Tai *taŋᴮ (“stool”), from Middle Chinese 凳 (MC tongH, “stool, chair”). Cognate with Thai ตั่ง (dtàng), Lao ຕັ່ງ (tang), Lü ᦎᧂᧈ (ṫang¹), Tai Dam ꪔꪰ꪿ꪉ, Shan တင်ႇ (tàng), Tai Nüa ᥖᥒᥱ (tǎng), Ahom 𑜄𑜂𑜫 (taṅ).

cog

Lü ᦎᧂᧈ (ṫang¹)


daengq

head

daengq (Sawndip forms 𠾡 or 𰵈 or 等 or 𲅷 or 譄, 1957–1982 spelling dəŋƽ)

𠾡 (Sawndip)
𰵈 (Sawndip)
等 (Sawndip)
𲅷 (Sawndip)
譄 (Sawndip)

to instruct; to tell (someone what to do)


iq

iq (Sawndip forms 𭕌 or 𭕊 or 𠲖 or 噫 or 依 or 𭓊 or 𫵋 or 𮤭, 1957–1982 spelling iƽ)

𭕌 (Sawndip)
𭕊 (Sawndip)
𠲖 (Sawndip)
噫 (Sawndip)
依 (Sawndip)
𭓊 (Sawndip)
𫵋 (Sawndip)
𮤭 (Sawndip)


Feihlizbinh

Feihlizbinh (1957–1982 spelling Feiƅliƨbinƅ)

zh-l

菲律賓／菲律宾 (Fēilǜbīn)

Philippines (a country in Southeast Asia)


ninz

head

ninz (Sawndip forms 𭾮 or 眠 or 𪰟 or 𭥓 or 𣑻 or 𬌭 or 能 or 脌 or 㬈 or 睔 or 哖 or 𮜵 or 眝, 1957–1982 spelling ninƨ)

𭾮 (Sawndip)
眠 (Sawndip)
𪰟 (Sawndip)
𭥓 (Sawndip)
𣑻 (Sawndip)
𬌭 (Sawndip)
能 (Sawndip)
脌 (Sawndip)
㬈 (Sawndip)
睔 (Sawndip)
哖 (Sawndip)
𮜵 (Sawndip)
眝 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *nwɯːnᴬ (“to lie down; to sleep”). Cognate with Thai นอน (nɔɔn), Northern Thai ᨶᩬᩁ, Lao ນອນ (nǭn), Lü ᦓᦸᧃ (noan), Khün ᨶᩬᩁ, Tai Dam ꪙꪮꪙ, Shan ၼွၼ်း (náun), Aiton ꩫွꩫ် (non), Ahom 𑜃𑜨𑜃𑜫 (non).


hoiq

head

hoiq (Sawndip forms 𬽻 or 灰 or 仡 or 悔, 1957–1982 spelling hoiƽ)

𬽻 (Sawndip)
灰 (Sawndip)
仡 (Sawndip)
悔 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *χɔːjᴮ (“slave”). Cognate with Nong Zhuang koij, kuaij.


yinzhangz

zh-l

銀行／银行 (yínháng)

Cunghgoz Yinzminz Yinzhangz


cuzbanjse

head

cuzbanjse (1957–1982 spelling cuƨbanзse)

/ɕu˧˩ paːn˥ θe˧˥/


yenfaz

From Mandarin 憲法／宪法 (xiànfǎ), from Japanese 憲法(けんぽう) (kenpō).

zh-l

憲法／宪法 (xiànfǎ)


sinhvwnz

/θin˧ βɯn˧˩/

From Mandarin 新聞／新闻 (xīnwén), from Japanese 新(しん)聞(ぶん) (shinbun), from Middle Chinese 新聞 (MC sin mjun).

新聞／新闻 (xīnwén)


daeuh fouh

head

daeuh fouh (1957–1982 spelling dəuƅ fouƅ)


daeuh

daeuh (Sawndip forms 𭴧 or 𰞈 or 炓 or ⿱偷火 or 𪹊, 1957–1982 spelling dəuƅ)

𭴧 (Sawndip)
𰞈 (Sawndip)
炓 (Sawndip)
⿱偷火 (Sawndip)
𪹊 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *dawᴮ (“ashes (wood)”). Cognate with Thai เถ้า (tâo), Lao ເທົ່າ (thao), Lü ᦑᧁᧈ (taw¹), Shan တဝ်ႈ (tāo), Ahom 𑜄𑜧 (taw) or 𑜄𑜨𑜧 (tow).


daeuh

daeuh (Sawndip forms 浢 or 豆, 1957–1982 spelling dəuƅ)


Cunghvaz

Cunghvaz (Sawndip forms 中華 or 中华, 1957–1982 spelling Cuŋƅvaƨ)


Swnggingh

/θɯŋ˧˥ kiŋ˧/


gingsingz

/kiŋ˨˦ θiŋ˧˩/


eiseng

/ʔei˨˦ θeːŋ˨˦/


yihswngh

zh-l

醫生／医生 (yīshēng)


duzsuhgvanj

head

duzsuhgvanj (1957–1982 spelling duƨsuƅgvanз)

zh-l

圖書館／图书馆 (túshūguǎn)


cangz

head

cangz (Sawndip forms 𰅸 or 倀 or 帳 or 常, 1957–1982 spelling caŋƨ)

cangz (Sawndip form 𭃂, 1957–1982 spelling caŋƨ)

𰅸 (Sawndip)
倀 (Sawndip)
帳 (Sawndip)
常 (Sawndip)
𭃂 (Sawndip)


cangz

cangz (Sawndip forms ⿰口𱐩 or 𠼔 or 𠮵 or ⿰口䒙 or 藏, 1957–1982 spelling caŋƨ)

⿰口𱐩 (Sawndip)
𠼔 (Sawndip)
𠮵 (Sawndip)
⿰口䒙 (Sawndip)
藏 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *graːŋᴬ (“to moan”). Cognate with Thai คราง (kraang).


gungcanjcujyicej

gungcanjcujyicej (1957–1982 spelling guŋcanзcuзyiceз)

/kuŋ˧˥ ɕaːn˥ ɕu˥ ji˧˥ ɕe˥/

From Mandarin 共產主義者／共产主义者 (gòngchǎn zhǔyìzhě).

zh-l

共產主義者／共产主义者 (gòngchǎn zhǔyìzhě)


Vwnhgohvaz

head

Vwnhgohvaz (1957–1982 spelling Vɯnƅgoƅvaƨ)

/βɯn˧ ko˧ βa˧˩/

zh-l

溫哥華／温哥华 (Wēngēhuá)

British Columbia
British Columbia#English

Vancouver (a seaport, the largest city in British Columbia, Canada)


gungcanjcujyi

head

gungcanjcujyi (1957–1982 spelling guŋcanзcuзyi)

/kuŋ˧˥ ɕaːn˥ ɕu˥ ji˧˥/

From Mandarin 共產主義／共产主义 (gòngchǎn zhǔyì).

zh-l

共產主義／共产主义 (gòngchǎn zhǔyì)


gungcanj

/kuŋ˧˥ ɕaːn˥/


cangh

head

cangh (Sawndip form 𰁳, 1957–1982 spelling caŋƅ)

From Chinese 匠 (MC dzjangH). Cognate with Thai ช่าง (châang), Northern Thai ᨩ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦ, Khün ᨩ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨦ, Lao ຊ່າງ (sāng), Lü ᦋᦱᧂᧈ (tsaang¹), Shan ၸၢင်ႈ (tsāang), Phake ꩡင် (caṅ), Ahom 𑜋𑜂𑜫 (chaṅ), Khmer ជាង (ciəng).


roegdingfaex

roegdingfaex (1957–1982 spelling rɵgdiŋfəiч)

From roeg (“bird”) + ding (“to nail”) + faex (“tree; wood”).


dangqdaeuj

head

dangqdaeuj (1957–1982 spelling daŋƽdəuз)


Hozlanz

Hozlanz (Sawndip forms 荷蘭 or 荷兰, 1957–1982 spelling Hoƨlanƨ)

zh-l

荷蘭／荷兰 (Hélán)

Holland (a traditional region in the Netherlands formed by two modern provinces, North Holland and South Holland)

Holland, the Netherlands (a country in Western Europe)


dangq

head

dangq (Sawndip forms 𬊵 or 𰃔 or ⿱当火, 1957–1982 spelling daŋƽ)


dangq

dangq (Sawndip forms 𰷁 or ⿰贝当 or 蕩, 1957–1982 spelling daŋƽ)

to be the same as; to be equivalent to; to equal


dangq

dangq (Sawndip form 趟, 1957–1982 spelling daŋƽ)


gingjcaz

From Mandarin 警察 (jǐngchá), from Japanese 警(けい)察(さつ) (keisatsu).


lwgbag

lwgbag (Sawndip form 𭒹⿰云八, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgbag)

From lwg- + a morpheme from Chinese 雹 (MC baewk).


cauhsi

/ɕaːu˧ θi˧˥/


Linzgvei

zh-l

臨桂／临桂 (Línguì)

Lingui (a district and former county of Guilin, Guangxi, China)


Fuzsanh

Foshan (a prefecture-level city in Guangdong, China)


Bwzswz

Borrowed from Mandarin 百色 (Bǎisè), from Zhuang Baksaek.

Baise (a prefecture-level city in Guangxi, China)


swcicouh

/θɯ˧˥ ɕi˧˥ ɕou˧/


mienh

front; obverse; outer or upper surface of an object


suj

head

suj (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling suз)


lwgbieng

lwgbieng (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgbieŋ)

/lɯk˧ piːŋ˨˦/

From lwg- + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *p.rweːŋᴬ (“cucumber”).


lwggva

From lwg- + gva (“gourd; melon; squash”). Cognate with Bouyei leggval (“pumpkin”).


gva

From Chinese 瓜 (MC kwae, “gourd; melon; squash”). Cognate with Bouyei gval (“gourd; pumpkin”).


gva

gva (Sawndip forms 鈲 or 瓜, 1957–1982 spelling gva)


makningzmungx

makningzmungx (1957–1982 spelling makniŋƨmuŋч)

/maːk˧˥ niŋ˧˩ muŋ˦˨/

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Chinese 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng).


bouxsai

bouxsai (Sawndip form 俌𪟞, 1957–1982 spelling bouчsai)

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + sai (“male; man”).


gyaeqhenj

head

gyaeqhenj (1957–1982 spelling gyəiƽhenз)


myonzlieng

myonzlieng (1957–1982 spelling myonƨlieŋ)

/mʲoːn˧˩ liːŋ˨˦/

From myonz (“filling”) + lieng (“yellow”).


ywraemx

/jɯ˨˦ ɣam˦˨/


gyaeqhak

gyaeqhak (Sawndip form 𮕊⿰革克, 1957–1982 spelling gyəiƽhak)


rauq

rauq (Sawndip forms 耢 or 𰌲 or 𮋨 or 𮋫 or 𮋨 or 𫭼, 1957–1982 spelling rauƽ)

耢 (Sawndip)
𰌲 (Sawndip)
𮋨 (Sawndip)
𮋫 (Sawndip)
𫭼 (Sawndip)


mouraq

From mou (“pig”) + raq (“communicable disease”).


mounoh

head

mounoh (classifier duz, 1957–1982 spelling mounoƅ)


minzgoeng

worker, labourer, especially for a public project.


mboqraemxraeuj

mboqraemxraeuj (1957–1982 spelling ƃoƽrəmчrəuз)

/ɓo˧˥ ɣam˦˨ ɣau˥/

mboq (“spring”) + raemx (“water”) + raeuj (“hot; warm”)


raemxsaw

/ɣam˦˨ θaɯ˨˦/


swhyienz

/θɯ˧ jiːn˧˩/


swhyienz

/θɯ˧ jiːn˧˩/


roegam

/ɣok˧ ʔaːm˨˦/


roeglaej

head

roeglaej (Sawndip form 𮬭𮭒, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgləiз)

From roeg (“bird”) + laej (“sparrow”). Cognate with Bouyei roglaic.


roeggungjcoz

roeggungjcoz (1957–1982 spelling rɵgguŋзcoƨ)

/ɣok˧ kuŋ˥ ɕo˧˩/

From roeg (“bird”) + gungjcoz (“peacock”), the latter from Mandarin 孔雀 (kǒngquè).


beghag

Grus leucogeranus
Grus leucogeranus#Translingual


roeggumj

roeggumj (Sawndip form 𮬭鳹, 1957–1982 spelling rɵggumз)


roegbeghag

roegbeghag (1957–1982 spelling rɵgbeghag)

From roeg (“bird”) + beghag (“crane”), from Chinese 白鶴 (MC baek hak).

Siberian crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus)


cabceiq

/ɕaːp˧ ɕei˧˥/


bauqceij

zh-l

報紙／报纸 (bàozhǐ)


roegbit

From roeg (“bird”) + bit (“duck”). Cognate with Bouyei rogbidt.


aep

(of a dog) to bark (when chasing animals)


diemj

head

diemj (Sawndip form 点, 1957–1982 spelling diemз)


diemj

sam diemj


ced

ced (Sawndip form 𡚦, 1957–1982 spelling ced)


cawx

cawx (Sawndip forms 𮚜 or ⿰主買 or 𬻽 or ⿰入买 or ⿰求买 or ⿱土且 or ⿰釒𧹒 or ⿰刀买 or ⿰贝主 or ⿰买入 or 䝬 or 柱 or 𮚣 or 主 or 𭁈, 1957–1982 spelling cəɯч)

𮚜 (Sawndip)
⿰主買 (Sawndip)
𬻽 (Sawndip)
⿰入买 (Sawndip)
⿰求买 (Sawndip)
⿱土且 (Sawndip)
⿰釒𧹒 (Sawndip)
⿰刀买 (Sawndip)
⿰贝主 (Sawndip)
⿰买入 (Sawndip)
䝬 (Sawndip)
柱 (Sawndip)
𮚣 (Sawndip)
主 (Sawndip)
𭁈 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *z.ɟɯːꟲ (“to buy”). Cognate with Thai ซื้อ (sʉ́ʉ), Lao ຊື້ (sư̄), Lü ᦌᦹᧉ (sue²), Shan သိုဝ်ႉ (sṵ̂e), Ahom 𑜏𑜢𑜤𑜈𑜫 (süw), Bouyei xex.

cog

Thai ซื้อ (sʉ́ʉ)

Shan သိုဝ်ႉ (sṵ̂e)


muengx

head

muengx (Sawndip forms 𰫘 or ⿰魚网 or 𨸁 or 𦁺 or 𦁧 or 𭩌, 1957–1982 spelling mueŋч)

𰫘 (Sawndip)
⿰魚网 (Sawndip)
𨸁 (Sawndip)
𦁺 (Sawndip)
𦁧 (Sawndip)
𭩌 (Sawndip)


lwgnyez

lwgnyez (classifier boux, duz, Sawndip form 𭒹𭓍, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgnyeƨ), duz|LWG8NE2]]

lwgnyez (canonical)
boux (classifier)
duz (classifier)
𭒹𭓍 (Sawndip)

child; kid (someone who has not yet reached adulthood)


beuq

beuq (Sawndip forms 𰡜 or 𤡑 or ⿰犭報 or 狍 or 犳, 1957–1982 spelling beuƽ)

𰡜 (Sawndip)
𤡑 (Sawndip)
⿰犭報 (Sawndip)
狍 (Sawndip)
犳 (Sawndip)


daeg

daeg (Sawndip forms 特 or 㝵, 1957–1982 spelling dəg)


roegraeu

roegraeu (Sawndip form 𮬭𱈲, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgrəu)

From roeg (“bird”) + raeu (“turtle dove”). Cognate with Bouyei rograul.


conghcueng

conghcueng (1957–1982 spelling coŋƅcueŋ)

/ɕoːŋ˧ ɕuːŋ˨˦/

From congh (“hole; opening”) + cueng (“window”).


cueng

head

cueng (Sawndip forms 𰩄 or ⿱宀双 or 𥦗, 1957–1982 spelling cueŋ)


makbingzgoj

makbingzgoj (1957–1982 spelling makbiŋƨgoз)

From mak (“fruit”) + Mandarin 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). Compare Lue ᦖᦱᧅᦘᦲᧃᧉᦷᦅ (ṁaakphiin²ko).


rengj

From Proto-Tai *ʰreːŋꟲ (“dried up”). Cognate with Thai แห้ง (hɛ̂ɛng), Lao ແຫ້ງ (hǣng), Lü ᦶᦠᧂᧉ (ḣaeng²), Shan ႁႅင်ႈ (hēng), Ahom 𑜑𑜢𑜂𑜫 (hiṅ), Bouyei raangx.

cog

Lü ᦶᦠᧂᧉ (ḣaeng²)


rengj

Lü ᦶᦠᧂᧉ (ḣaeng²)


baicuzsoj

head

baicuzsoj (1957–1982 spelling baicuƨsoз)

/paːi˧˥ ɕu˧˩ θo˥/


gungh'anhgiz

gungh'anhgiz (1957–1982 spelling guŋƅanƅgiƨ)


yozvei

zh-l

學會／学会 (xuéhuì)


yijvwnz

語文／语文 (yǔwén)


hangz

head

hangz (Sawndip forms 哘 or 行 or 項 or 𰈙, 1957–1982 spelling haŋƨ)

哘 (Sawndip)
行 (Sawndip)
項 (Sawndip)
𰈙 (Sawndip)


hangz

hangz (Sawndip forms 𱌩 or 胻 or 項, 1957–1982 spelling haŋƨ)

From Proto-Tai *ɢaːŋᴬ (“chin; jaw”). Cognate with Bouyei haangz, Thai คาง (kaang), Northern Thai ᨣᩤ᩠ᨦ, Lao ຄາງ (khāng), Lü ᦅᦱᧂ (kaang), Tai Dam ꪁꪱꪉ, Shan ၵၢင်း (káang), Ahom 𑜀𑜂𑜫 (kaṅ), Tày càng. Compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *kaaŋʔ (“chin; jaw”), Muong cáng.


raemj

raemj (Sawndip forms 𭃩 or 𰅀 or 㩐 or 𭃮 or 斫, 1957–1982 spelling rəmз)

𭃩 (Sawndip)
𰅀 (Sawndip)
㩐 (Sawndip)
𭃮 (Sawndip)
斫 (Sawndip)

to chop down or off; to cut down or off; to fell


namh

namh (Sawndip forms 𡎜 or 南, 1957–1982 spelling namƅ)


dieg

dieg (Sawndip forms 𭏢 or 𫭩 or 𭤵 or 𭍽 or 墑, 1957–1982 spelling dieg)

𭏢 (Sawndip)
𫭩 (Sawndip)
𭤵 (Sawndip)
𭍽 (Sawndip)
墑 (Sawndip)


lingq

lingq (Sawndip forms 坽 or ⿰此令 or 令 or 𢆓 or 𫭦 or 阾, 1957–1982 spelling liŋƽ)

坽 (Sawndip)
⿰此令 (Sawndip)
令 (Sawndip)
𢆓 (Sawndip)
𫭦 (Sawndip)
阾 (Sawndip)


heiq

heiq (Sawndip forms 𫌾 or 𰇣, 1957–1982 spelling heiƽ)


heiq

heiq (Sawndip forms 𣱖 or 気 or 𰇜 or 忥 or 𱞚 or 𥸽 or 炁 or ⿺辶无 or 𣱛 or 㲴 or 愾 or ⿹气𢘻 or ⿹气系, 1957–1982 spelling heiƽ)

𣱖 (Sawndip)
気 (Sawndip)
𰇜 (Sawndip)
忥 (Sawndip)
𱞚 (Sawndip)
𥸽 (Sawndip)
炁 (Sawndip)
⿺辶无 (Sawndip)
𣱛 (Sawndip)
㲴 (Sawndip)
愾 (Sawndip)
⿹气𢘻 (Sawndip)
⿹气系 (Sawndip)


luengz

luengz (Sawndip form 𲇎, 1957–1982 spelling lueŋƨ)

From Old Chinese 銅 (OC *[l]ˤoŋ, “copper”). Doublet of doengz.


congz

congz (Sawndip forms 𭩞 or 床 or 𪲝 or 𮲭 or 桩 or ⿰木冲 or 𣐄, 1957–1982 spelling coŋƨ)

𭩞 (Sawndip)
床 (Sawndip)
𪲝 (Sawndip)
𮲭 (Sawndip)
桩 (Sawndip)
⿰木冲 (Sawndip)
𣐄 (Sawndip)


doengh

doengh (Sawndip forms 垌 or 峝 or 𰉡 or 埬, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)

垌 (Sawndip)
峝 (Sawndip)
𰉡 (Sawndip)
埬 (Sawndip)

→ Chinese: 垌 (dòng)

From Proto-Tai *doŋᴮ (“open field”). Cognate with Thai ทุ่ง (tûng), Lao ທົ່ງ (thong), Shan တူင်ႈ (tūung). Also Vietnamese đồng.


doengh

doengh (Sawndip forms 㗢 or 同 or 動, 1957–1982 spelling dɵŋƅ)


doengh

(transitive) to play (a game in which pieces are moved, e.g. chess)

(intransitive) to wobble; to waver; to move

(intransitive) to waver; to vacillate; to waffle


ndang

ndang (Sawndip forms 𮜴 or 躺 or 躴 or 𠌇 or ⿰亻朗 or 朗 or 𨉰 or 朖 or 𬌩 or 𪱧 or ⿰当良 or ⿰月当, 1957–1982 spelling ƌaŋ)

𮜴 (Sawndip)
躺 (Sawndip)
躴 (Sawndip)
𠌇 (Sawndip)
⿰亻朗 (Sawndip)
朗 (Sawndip)
𨉰 (Sawndip)
朖 (Sawndip)
𬌩 (Sawndip)
𪱧 (Sawndip)
⿰当良 (Sawndip)
⿰月当 (Sawndip)


gamj

gamj (Sawndip forms 𭗐 or 𡶪 or 𧯃 or 𥕵 or 鉗 or 𥑠 or 𰎺 or 𫶔 or ⿱敢石 or 噉 or 敢, 1957–1982 spelling gamз)

𭗐 (Sawndip)
𡶪 (Sawndip)
𧯃 (Sawndip)
𥕵 (Sawndip)
鉗 (Sawndip)
𥑠 (Sawndip)
𰎺 (Sawndip)
𫶔 (Sawndip)
⿱敢石 (Sawndip)
噉 (Sawndip)
敢 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *cramꟲ (“cave”). Cognate with Thai ถ้ำ (tâm), Lao ຖ້ຳ (tham), Northern Thai ᨳ᩶ᩣᩴ, Lü ᦏᧄᧉ (ṫham²), Shan ထမ်ႈ (thām), Ahom 𑜌𑜪 (thaṃ).

cog

Lü ᦏᧄᧉ (ṫham²)


dungx

head

dungx (Sawndip forms 𦙭 or 胴 or ⿱肚冬 or ⿰月⿱土冬, 1957–1982 spelling duŋч)

𦙭 (Sawndip)
胴 (Sawndip)
⿱肚冬 (Sawndip)
⿰月⿱土冬 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *dwuːŋᶜ (“belly”). Cognate with Thai ท้อง (tɔ́ɔng), Lao ທ້ອງ (thǭng), Northern Thai ᨴ᩶ᩬᨦ, Lü ᦑᦸᧂᧉ (toang²), Shan တွင်ႉ (tâ̰ung), Nong Zhuang dongx.


daiz

to hold up; to support by holding in one's hands


gwd

Cognate with Bouyei geg (“viscous”). Compare Cantonese 杰 (git6, “viscous”), Teochew 𫀸 (geg8, “viscous”), Eastern Min 𬇴 (gṳ̆k, “viscous”), Lingao kɔt⁸ (“viscous”).


roegdoxgap

roegdoxgap (1957–1982 spelling rɵgdoчgap)

From roeg (“bird”) + [Term?] + morpheme from Chinese 鴿 (MC kop, “dove”).


faexcuk

From faex (“tree”) + a morpheme from Chinese 竹 (MC trjuwk).


baeu

baeu (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 𧉩 or 鮑 or 𩶉 or 𧉈 or 蚫, 1957–1982 spelling bəu)

duz (classifier)
𧉩 (Sawndip)
鮑 (Sawndip)
𩶉 (Sawndip)
𧉈 (Sawndip)
蚫 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *pɯwᴬ (“crab”). Cognate with Thai ปู (bpuu), Lao ປູ (pū), Tai Dam ꪜꪴ, Lü ᦔᦴ (ṗuu), Shan ပူ (pǔu), Ahom 𑜆𑜥 (pū), Bouyei baul.


baeu

baeu (Sawndip forms 𨁏 or 䟔 or 䟹, 1957–1982 spelling bəu)


baeu

baeu (Sawndip forms ⿰月布 or 怉, 1957–1982 spelling bəu)


roeggae

From roeg (“bird”) + a morpheme from Chinese 雞 (MC kej).


roeggacak

roeggacak (Sawndip form 𮬭𱈡𪀣, 1957–1982 spelling rɵggacak)

/ɣok˧ ka˨˦ ɕaːk˧˥/

From roeg (“bird”) + ga (“crow; raven”) + morpheme from Chinese 鵲 (MC tshjak).


nengznyaen

nengznyaen (1957–1982 spelling neŋƨnyən)

/neːŋ˧˩ ɲan˨˦/


faeqfwj

(dialectal, including Wuming) bat (animal)


dinz

From Proto-Tai *b.twiːlᴬ (“wasp”). Cognate with Thai แตน (dtɛɛn), Bouyei dinz.


biqrengh

/pi˧˥ ɣeːŋ˧/


roegfek

roegfek (Sawndip form 𮬭𪀢, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgfek)


doq

doq (Sawndip forms 𰡠 or 𤟛 or 土, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)


doq

doq (Sawndip forms 𮔦 or 𮔛 or 蛥 or 𫊥 or 𰳜 or 𧊶, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)

𮔦 (Sawndip)
𮔛 (Sawndip)
蛥 (Sawndip)
𫊥 (Sawndip)
𰳜 (Sawndip)
𧊶 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *toːᴮ (“bee”). Cognate with Thai ต่อ (dtɔ̀ɔ), Lao ຕໍ່ (tǭ), Lü ᦎᦸᧈ (ṫoa¹), Shan တေႃႇ (tàu). Compare Mon ထောဝ်.

cog

Lü ᦎᦸᧈ (ṫoa¹)


doq

head

doq (Sawndip forms 𰇳 or 度 or 哆, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)


doq

doq (Sawndip forms 拸 or 𠱹 or 托 or 𢱋, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)

拸 (Sawndip)
𠱹 (Sawndip)
托 (Sawndip)
𢱋 (Sawndip)

to make; to build; to construct (something out of wood)


raeu

From Proto-Tai *trawᴬ (“head louse”). Cognate with Thai เหา (hǎo), Northern Thai ᩉᩮᩢᩣ, Lao ເຫົາ (hao), Lü ᦠᧁ (ḣaw), Tai Dam ꪹꪬꪱ, Shan ႁဝ် (hǎo), Saek เหร่า.


gvi

gvi (Sawndip form ⿰魚龟, 1957–1982 spelling gvi)


gvi

gvi (Sawndip form ⿰失見, 1957–1982 spelling gvi)


byalae

Monopterus albus
Monopterus albus#Translingual


gaeqseng

/kai˧˥ θeːŋ˨˦/


moeb

moeb (Sawndip forms ⿱打未 or 木 or 𥃨 or 㩏 or ⿰打未, 1957–1982 spelling mɵb)

⿱打未 (Sawndip)
木 (Sawndip)
𥃨 (Sawndip)
㩏 (Sawndip)
⿰打未 (Sawndip)

to hit (someone or something); to strike; to smack


hoenx

hoenx (Sawndip forms 揾 or 掍 or 捪 or 捆 or 𰓠 or 𭠢, 1957–1982 spelling hɵnч)

揾 (Sawndip)
掍 (Sawndip)
捪 (Sawndip)
捆 (Sawndip)
𰓠 (Sawndip)
𭠢 (Sawndip)


gaeqmeh

From gaeq (“chicken”) + meh (“mother; female”).


naiq

head

naiq (Sawndip forms 𤷈 or 𭝎 or 𢖱 or 耐 or ⿱耐心 or ⿰耒爱 or 乃 or ⿸疒耐 or 疓 or 㿍 or 奈, 1957–1982 spelling naiƽ)

𤷈 (Sawndip)
𭝎 (Sawndip)
𢖱 (Sawndip)
耐 (Sawndip)
⿱耐心 (Sawndip)
⿰耒爱 (Sawndip)
乃 (Sawndip)
⿸疒耐 (Sawndip)
疓 (Sawndip)
㿍 (Sawndip)
奈 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰnaːjᴮ (“tired; bored”). Cognate with Thai หน่าย (nàai), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨶ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨿ, Lao ໜ່າຍ (nāi), Khün ᩉ᩠ᨶ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨿ, Lü ᦐᦻᧈ (ṅaay¹), Bouyei naais, Zuojiang Zhuang naiq.

cog

Khün ᩉ᩠ᨶ᩵ᩣ᩠ᨿ

Lü ᦐᦻᧈ (ṅaay¹)


gyaep

head

gyaep (Sawndip form 魻, 1957–1982 spelling gyəp)


gyaep

gyaep (Sawndip forms 笈 or 𮅪 or ⿱𥫗却, 1957–1982 spelling gyəp)


gyaep

gyaep (Sawndip forms 趿 or 𢰽 or 𰸣 or 𮜓, 1957–1982 spelling gyəp)

趿 (Sawndip)
𢰽 (Sawndip)
𰸣 (Sawndip)
𮜓 (Sawndip)


fw

fw (Sawndip forms 魩 or 鮄 or 𧒀 or 魮 or 𩶆 or 鮅 or 𱆬 or ⿱非魚 or ⿰魚云 or ⿰𧾷魚, 1957–1982 spelling fɯ)

魩 (Sawndip)
鮄 (Sawndip)
𧒀 (Sawndip)
魮 (Sawndip)
𩶆 (Sawndip)
鮅 (Sawndip)
𱆬 (Sawndip)
⿱非魚 (Sawndip)
⿰魚云 (Sawndip)
⿰𧾷魚 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰwɯəᴬ (“water tortoise”). Cognate with Shan ပႃၽႃ (pǎa phǎa), Nong Zhuang pa.


baeg

baeg (Sawndip forms 𢘠 or 𫩡 or 𰅋 or ⿱北力 or 㕷 or 𢘣 or 𱱍 or ⿰而北 or ⿱北而 or ⿰白皮 or ⿰累百 or ⿰白累 or ⿱北喘 or ⿰白息 or 白, 1957–1982 spelling bəg)

𢘠 (Sawndip)
𫩡 (Sawndip)
𰅋 (Sawndip)
⿱北力 (Sawndip)
㕷 (Sawndip)
𢘣 (Sawndip)
𱱍 (Sawndip)
⿰而北 (Sawndip)
⿱北而 (Sawndip)
⿰白皮 (Sawndip)
⿰累百 (Sawndip)
⿰白累 (Sawndip)
⿱北喘 (Sawndip)
⿰白息 (Sawndip)
白 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *bakᴰ (“to rest”). Cognate with Thai พัก (pák), Lao ພັກ (phak), Lü ᦗᧅ (pak) or ᦘᧅ (phak).


byaleix

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯉 (MC liX).


gvej

gvej (Sawndip forms 𧊅 or 螝 or 蛌 or 蝰 or 䱉 or 蛆 or 𰳃 or 蝫 or ⿰虫基, 1957–1982 spelling gveз)

𧊅 (Sawndip)
螝 (Sawndip)
蛌 (Sawndip)
蝰 (Sawndip)
䱉 (Sawndip)
蛆 (Sawndip)
𰳃 (Sawndip)
蝫 (Sawndip)
⿰虫基 (Sawndip)


gvej

gvej (Sawndip forms 𭄖 or 𰅁 or ⿰釒寡 or ⿰刀寡 or 刵 or 𱔣 or ⿰入割, 1957–1982 spelling gveз)

𭄖 (Sawndip)
𰅁 (Sawndip)
⿰釒寡 (Sawndip)
⿰刀寡 (Sawndip)
刵 (Sawndip)
𱔣 (Sawndip)
⿰入割 (Sawndip)


gungq

gungq (Sawndip forms 𧋄 or 䱋 or ⿱蝦共 or 𮓶, 1957–1982 spelling guŋƽ)

𧋄 (Sawndip)
䱋 (Sawndip)
⿱蝦共 (Sawndip)
𮓶 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *kuŋᴮ/ꟲ (“shrimp”). Cognate with Thai กุ้ง (gûng), Lao ກຸ້ງ (kung), Lü ᦂᦳᧂᧉ (k̇ung²), Tai Nüa ᥐᥨᥒᥲ (kòng), Shan ၵုင်ႈ (kūng), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜂𑜫 (kuṅ), Saek กุง.

cog

Lü ᦂᦳᧂᧉ (k̇ung²)


dinj

head

dinj (Sawndip forms 𭿽 or ⿰短丁 or ⿱短丁 or 𰦡 or ⿰短斤 or 𤤆 or 𨱥, 1957–1982 spelling dinз)

𭿽 (Sawndip)
⿰短丁 (Sawndip)
⿱短丁 (Sawndip)
𰦡 (Sawndip)
⿰短斤 (Sawndip)
𤤆 (Sawndip)
𨱥 (Sawndip)


nyauh

nyauh (Sawndip forms ⿰虫夭 or 蛲 or ⿰虫尭 or 𰳤 or 𧍔 or 鱙, 1957–1982 spelling nyauƅ)

⿰虫夭 (Sawndip)
蛲 (Sawndip)
⿰虫尭 (Sawndip)
𰳤 (Sawndip)
𧍔 (Sawndip)
鱙 (Sawndip)


saeq

saeq (Sawndip forms ⿱细小 or 虽 or 歲 or 𮈩, 1957–1982 spelling səiƽ)

⿱细小 (Sawndip)
虽 (Sawndip)
歲 (Sawndip)
𮈩 (Sawndip)


saeq

saeq (Sawndip forms 𬿴 or 伺 or 司 or ⿰官司, 1957–1982 spelling səiƽ)

𬿴 (Sawndip)
伺 (Sawndip)
司 (Sawndip)
⿰官司 (Sawndip)


raez

raez (Sawndip forms 𰿏 or 𬼓 or 𮡙 or ⿺尾梨 or ⿺尾黎 or ⿰黎長 or ⿰長厘 or ⿰累長 or ⿺走長 or ⿱利介, 1957–1982 spelling rəiƨ)

𰿏 (Sawndip)
𬼓 (Sawndip)
𮡙 (Sawndip)
⿺尾梨 (Sawndip)
⿺尾黎 (Sawndip)
⿰黎長 (Sawndip)
⿰長厘 (Sawndip)
⿰累長 (Sawndip)
⿺走長 (Sawndip)
⿱利介 (Sawndip)

dohraez


raez

raez (Sawndip forms 𮦳 or 𡀂 or 梨 or 𭇉 or 嚟, 1957–1982 spelling rəiƨ)

𮦳 (Sawndip)
𡀂 (Sawndip)
梨 (Sawndip)
𭇉 (Sawndip)
嚟 (Sawndip)


bienzngeiz

bienzngeiz (1957–1982 spelling bienƨŋeiƨ)


bienzngeiz

advantage; benefit (usually unfairly gained)


byagaq

Chinese perch; mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)


bya'ndoek

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *C̥.dokᴰ (“catfish”).


byaj

byaj (Sawndip forms 𮦯 or ⿺電化 or 𱁠 or 𪥉 or 𫕠 or 𮦞 or ⿺岜雷 or ⿰雷乍, 1957–1982 spelling byaз)

𮦯 (Sawndip)
⿺電化 (Sawndip)
𱁠 (Sawndip)
𪥉 (Sawndip)
𫕠 (Sawndip)
𮦞 (Sawndip)
⿺岜雷 (Sawndip)
⿰雷乍 (Sawndip)


byacaek

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯽 (MC tsjek|tsik).


gyaeujhoq

From gyaeuj (“head”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *χowᴮ (“knee”). Compare Thai หัวเข่า (hǔua-kào, “knee”).

knee (joint in the middle of the leg and area around it)


byavanx

/pʲa˨˦ βaːn˦˨/

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯇 (MC hwaenX).

Ctenopharyngodon idella
Ctenopharyngodon idella


rieng

rieng (Sawndip forms 𭯢 or 𭯙 or 𰎅 or ⿺尾羊 or ⿺尾两 or ⿺尾亮 or ⿺尾量, 1957–1982 spelling rieŋ)

𭯢 (Sawndip)
𭯙 (Sawndip)
𰎅 (Sawndip)
⿺尾羊 (Sawndip)
⿺尾两 (Sawndip)
⿺尾亮 (Sawndip)
⿺尾量 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *trwɤːŋᴬ (“tail”). Cognate with Thai หาง (hǎang), Northern Thai ᩉᩣ᩠ᨦ, Lao ຫາງ (hāng), Lü ᦠᦱᧂ (ḣaang), Shan ႁၢင် (hǎang), Ahom 𑜍𑜂𑜫 (raṅ), Saek หร่วง.


rieng

rieng (Sawndip forms 𰪎 or 𬕑 or 香 or 筤 or ⿱竹量 or ⿱竹⿺尾羊, 1957–1982 spelling rieŋ)

𰪎 (Sawndip)
𬕑 (Sawndip)
香 (Sawndip)
筤 (Sawndip)
⿱竹量 (Sawndip)
⿱竹⿺尾羊 (Sawndip)

basket made of woven bamboo strips used to hold fish


byaraiz

/pʲa˨˦ ɣaːi˧˩/


deih

deih (Sawndip forms 𫭩 or 𭍽, 1957–1982 spelling deiƅ)


deih

deih (Sawndip forms ⿰⿹节丿⿹节丿 or 地 or ⿱地山 or ⿰口对 or ⿰宻弟 or 𬀮 or 𠼲 or ⿰帝又, 1957–1982 spelling deiƅ)

⿰⿹节丿⿹节丿 (Sawndip)
地 (Sawndip)
⿱地山 (Sawndip)
⿰口对 (Sawndip)
⿰宻弟 (Sawndip)
𬀮 (Sawndip)
𠼲 (Sawndip)
⿰帝又 (Sawndip)


heuh

heuh (Sawndip forms 呺 or 嘵 or ⿰⿺𠃊吕十, 1957–1982 spelling heuƅ)

lij heuh


Daibingzyangz

Daibingzyangz (1957–1982 spelling Daibiŋƨyaŋƨ)

/taːi˨˦ piŋ˧˩ jaːŋ˧˩/


doenghduz

From doengh (“some; a few”) + duz (classifier for animals).


byalingz

/pʲa˨˦ liŋ˧˩/

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯪 (MC ling).


Saen Saelanz

head

Saen Saelanz (1957–1982 spelling Sən Səilanƨ)

/θan˨˦ θai˨˦ laːn˧˩/

From Cantonese 新西蘭／新西兰 (san¹ sai¹ laan⁴).


cancwngh

/ɕaːn˨˦ ɕɯŋ˧/


vwnzyoz

/βɯn˧˩ jo˧˩/

zh-l

文學／文学 (wénxué)


miux

From Chinese 秒 (MC mjiewX). Doublet of myauj.


ndat

head

ndat (Sawndip forms 燵 or 𰞌 or 𰞌 or 𤇥 or 𭦆 or 𭴴 or 烙, 1957–1982 spelling ƌat)

燵 (Sawndip)
𰞌 (Sawndip)
𤇥 (Sawndip)
𭦆 (Sawndip)
𭴴 (Sawndip)
烙 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɗɤːtᴰ (“to boil (intransitive)”). Cognate with Thai เดือด (dʉ̀ʉat), Lao ເດືອດ (dư̄at), Shan လိူတ်ႇ (lòet). Also compare Cantonese 焫 (naat3, “to burn; to scald”).


ndat

head

ndat (Sawndip forms ⿰虫逹 or 𬊉, 1957–1982 spelling ƌat)


youq

youq (Sawndip forms 𭆨 or 𭆩 or 𭭠 or 𰊎, 1957–1982 spelling youƽ)

𭆨 (Sawndip)
𭆩 (Sawndip)
𭭠 (Sawndip)
𰊎 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ˀjuːᴮ (“to be (in a place)”). Cognate with Thai อยู่ (yùu), Northern Thai ᩀᩪ᩵, Lao ຢູ່ (yū), Lü ᦊᦴᧈ (ẏuu¹), Tai Dam ꪤꪴ꪿, Shan ယူႇ (yùu), Ahom 𑜊𑜥 (jʸū), Bouyei qyus.

cog

Lü ᦊᦴᧈ (ẏuu¹)


youq

Lü ᦊᦴᧈ (ẏuu¹)


gamjcingz

/kaːm˥ ɕiŋ˧˩/


doenghgo

From doengh (“some; a few”) + go (classifier for plants).


saeu

From Proto-Tai *sawᴬ (“pillar”). Cognate with Thai เสา (sǎo), Lao ເສົາ (sao), Lü ᦉᧁ (ṡaw), Shan သဝ် (sǎo), Tai Nüa ᥔᥝᥴ (sáw), Ahom 𑜏𑜧 (saw), Zuojiang Zhuang sieu.


funghvuengz

head

funghvuengz (1957–1982 spelling fuŋƅvueŋƨ)

/fuŋ˧ βuːŋ˧˩/


imq

imq (Sawndip forms 飪 or 𰪯 or 𩚕 or ⿰飠音 or 䦦 or ⿰口隂 or 喑 or 䏕, 1957–1982 spelling imƽ)

飪 (Sawndip)
𰪯 (Sawndip)
𩚕 (Sawndip)
⿰飠音 (Sawndip)
䦦 (Sawndip)
⿰口隂 (Sawndip)
喑 (Sawndip)
䏕 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʔiːmᴮ (“satiated”). Cognate with Thai อิ่ม (ìm), Lao ອິ່ມ (ʼim) or ອີ່ມ (ʼīm), Lü ᦀᦲᧄᧈ (˙ʼiim¹), Shan ဢိမ် (ʼǐm), Ahom 𑜒𑜢𑜉𑜫 (ʼim).

cog

Lü ᦀᦲᧄᧈ (˙ʼiim¹)


imq

Lü ᦀᦲᧄᧈ (˙ʼiim¹)


byaekbohcaiq

head

byaekbohcaiq (1957–1982 spelling byəkboƅcaiƽ)

From byaek + a morpheme from Chinese 菠菜 (MC pa tshojH).


ngoenzbyug

ngoenzbyug (1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨbyug)

ngoenz + byug; the latter from Proto-Tai *ɟm̩.rukᴰ (“tomorrow”). Cognate with Thai พรุ่ง (prûng), Northern Thai ᨻᩕᩪᨠ or ᨽᩪᨠ, Lao ພຸກ (phuk) (in ພຸກນີ້ (phuk nī)), Lü ᦘᦳᧅ (phuk), Shan ၽုၵ်ႈ (phūk).


byaekmbungj

byaekmbungj (1957–1982 spelling byəkƃuŋз)

From byaek + mbungj, the latter from Proto-Tai *ɓuŋꟲ (“morning glory”). Cognate with Thai บุ้ง (bûng), Lao ບຸ້ງ (bung) or ບົ້ງ (bong).


vunqdiz

zh-l

問題／问题 (wèntí)


najbyak

From naj (“face”) + byak, the latter from Proto-Tai *praːkᴰ (“forehead”). Cognate with Thai ผาก (pàak), Lao ຜາກ (phāk), Shan ၽၢၵ်ႇ (phàak) (as in ၼႃႈၽၢၵ်ႇ (nāa phàak)).


mbwnnamh

/ɓɯn˨˦ naːm˧/


coeng

head

coeng (Sawndip form 萗, 1957–1982 spelling cɵŋ)


coeng

coeng (Sawndip forms 𣮤 or 综 or 𰚠, 1957–1982 spelling cɵŋ)


gyawj

From Proto-Tai *k.raɰꟲ (“near”). Cognate with Thai ใกล้ (glâi), Northern Thai ᨠᩖᩲ᩶ or ᨠᩖᩱ᩶, Lao ໃກ້ (kai) or ໄກ້ (kai), Lü ᦺᦂᧉ (k̇ay²), Shan ၵၢႆ (kǎai), Ahom 𑜀𑜧 (kaw) or 𑜀𑜩 (kay), Bouyei jaec.

cog

Lü ᦺᦂᧉ (k̇ay²)


gyae

head

gyae (Sawndip forms 𮟧 or 𰺻 or 奚 or 追 or 𨒑 or 𨃬 or ⿺遠及 or ⿰酉袁 or ⿰吹远 or ⿰𧾷袁 or 哜 or ⿱⿰吉彡友 or 𱔲 or ⿰巨远 or 迼 or 远, 1957–1982 spelling gyəi)

𮟧 (Sawndip)
𰺻 (Sawndip)
奚 (Sawndip)
追 (Sawndip)
𨒑 (Sawndip)
𨃬 (Sawndip)
⿺遠及 (Sawndip)
⿰酉袁 (Sawndip)
⿰吹远 (Sawndip)
⿰𧾷袁 (Sawndip)
哜 (Sawndip)
⿱⿰吉彡友 (Sawndip)
𱔲 (Sawndip)
⿰巨远 (Sawndip)
迼 (Sawndip)
远 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *k.lajᴬ (“far”). Cognate with Thai ไกล (glai), Lao ໄກ (kai), Lü ᦺᦂ (k̇ay), Shan ၵႆ (kǎi), Tai Nüa ᥐᥭ (kay), Ahom 𑜀𑜩 (kay), Bouyei jael, Nong Zhuang gae.


cengh

cengh (Sawndip form 瀞, 1957–1982 spelling ceŋƅ)


veisingh

/βei˨˦ θiŋ˧/

zh-l

衛星／卫星 (wèixīng)


gizcangj

/ki˧˩ ɕaːŋ˥/

局長／局长 (júzhǎng)

Gizcangj ngamq daeuj.

2013, Banh Cauzyangz, “Gingq Caz”, in Ngoenzseng Raeujrub, Nanning: Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2021-12-14:


denhvwnz

/teːn˧ βɯn˧˩/


cungsim

/ɕuŋ˨˦ θim˨˦/

Daengngoenz de youq cungsim haehdaengngoenz.

The Sun is at the centre of the Solar system.


vayoz

化學／化学 (huàxué)


yienhsiengq

head

yienhsiengq (1957–1982 spelling yienƅsieŋƽ)

/jiːn˧ θiːŋ˧˥/

From Chinese 現象 (MC henH zjangX), from Japanese 現象 (genshō).


sojmiz

Partial calque from Chinese 所有 (MC srjoX hjuwX).


ceiq

most, -est (forms the superlative of adjectives)


ceiq

From Chinese 置 (MC triH, “to install; to buy”).


laeng

From Proto-Tai *ʰlaŋᴬ (“back”). Cognate with Thai หลัง (lǎng), Lao ຫຼັງ (lang), Lü ᦜᧂ (l̇ang), Tai Dam ꪨꪰꪉ, Shan လင် (lǎng), Aiton လင် (laṅ), Ahom 𑜎𑜂𑜫 (laṅ), Bouyei langl.


Haijdai

From haij + dai. Calque from Chinese 死海 (Sǐhǎi).


gvangq

From Chinese 廣 (MC kwangX). Cognate with Ahom 𑜀𑜡𑜂𑜫 (kāṅ).


ciengq

ciengq (Sawndip forms 𰖊 or ⿰昌戈 or ⿰昌系, 1957–1982 spelling cieŋƽ)


doengzeiq

/toŋ˧˩ ʔei˧˥/


golinxvaiz

golinxvaiz (1957–1982 spelling golinчvaiƨ)

go (“classifier for plants”) + linx (“tongue”) + vaiz (“water buffolo”).


oij

head

oij (Sawndip forms 𫉁 or ⿱艹⿰每卩 or 𮐂 or 𪳗 or ⿱艹悔 or 桧 or 荷 or 菏 or ⿱艹椅 or ⿰蔗意, 1957–1982 spelling oiз)

𫉁 (Sawndip)
⿱艹⿰每卩 (Sawndip)
𮐂 (Sawndip)
𪳗 (Sawndip)
⿱艹悔 (Sawndip)
桧 (Sawndip)
荷 (Sawndip)
菏 (Sawndip)
⿱艹椅 (Sawndip)
⿰蔗意 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʔoːjꟲ (“sugar cane”). Cognate with Thai อ้อย (ɔ̂i), Lao ອ້ອຍ (ʼǭi), Lü ᦀᦾᧉ (˙ʼoay²), Bouyei oix.

cog

Lao ອ້ອຍ (ʼǭi)

Lü ᦀᦾᧉ (˙ʼoay²)

Saccharum officinarum
Saccharum officinarum#Translingual


mbaw

From Proto-Tai *ɓaɰᴬ (“leaf”). Cognate with Thai ใบ (bai), Lao ໃບ (bai), Lü ᦺᦢ (ḃay), Tai Dam ꪻꪚ, Shan မႂ် (mǎue) or ဝႂ် (wǎue), Ahom 𑜈𑜧 (baw), 𑜈𑜧𑜨 (bawo), 𑜉𑜧 (maw), or 𑜉𑜧𑜨 (mawo), Saek เบ๋อ, Tày bâư.


ngwzdoeg

From ngwz (“snake”) + doeg (“poison; venom”).


raeuq

head

raeuq (Sawndip forms 𭇚 or 𠸳 or 𠼇 or 𪡟 or ⿰口救 or 哣 or 𭸃 or 犾, 1957–1982 spelling rəuƽ)

𭇚 (Sawndip)
𠸳 (Sawndip)
𠼇 (Sawndip)
𪡟 (Sawndip)
⿰口救 (Sawndip)
哣 (Sawndip)
𭸃 (Sawndip)
犾 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰrawᴮ (“to bark”). Compare Middle Chinese 吼 (MC xuwX|xuwH, “to roar; to shout”). Cognate with Thai เห่า (hào), Lao ເຫົ່າ (hao), Shan ႁဝ်ႇ (hào), Ahom 𑜑𑜧 (haw), Nong Zhuang haeuq.


gvehoengz

/kʷe˨˦ hoŋ˧˩/


daemq

daemq (Sawndip forms 𨱥 or 𱍠 or ⿸广登 or 𮞻 or 僜 or 𡍸 or 𬻄 or 迍 or 偘 or ⿰土品 or 丁 or 𡏷, 1957–1982 spelling dəmƽ)

𨱥 (Sawndip)
𱍠 (Sawndip)
⿸广登 (Sawndip)
𮞻 (Sawndip)
僜 (Sawndip)
𡍸 (Sawndip)
𬻄 (Sawndip)
迍 (Sawndip)
偘 (Sawndip)
⿰土品 (Sawndip)
丁 (Sawndip)
𡏷 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *tamᴮ (“low; short (not tall)”). Cognate with Thai ต่ำ (dtàm), Lao ຕ່ຳ (tam), Shan တႅမ်ႇ (tèm), Ahom 𑜄𑜪 (taṃ) or 𑜄𑜉𑜫 (tam), Bouyei dams.

inh

short; low (having a small vertical dimension)


biek

head

biek (Sawndip forms 莂 or 𰱕 or 𮎩 or ⿰比芋 or 𮐆, 1957–1982 spelling biek)

莂 (Sawndip)
𰱕 (Sawndip)
𮎩 (Sawndip)
⿰比芋 (Sawndip)
𮐆 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *prɯəkᴰ (“taro”). Cognate with Thai เผือก (pʉ̀ʉak), Lao ເຜືອກ (phư̄ak), Shan ၽိူၵ်ႇ (phòek), Tai Nüa ᥚᥫᥐᥱ (phǒek), Ahom 𑜇𑜢𑜤𑜀𑜫 (phük).


gijngoz

A late loan from Chinese 企鵝 (MC khjeX nga).


cogya

/ɕo˨˦ kʲa˨˦/


cwzyoz

From Mandarin 哲學／哲学 (zhéxué), from Japanese 哲学 (tetsugaku).

zh-l

哲學／哲学 (zhéxué)


dijyuz

From Mandarin 體育／体育 (tǐyù), from Japanese 体育 (taiiku).

體育／体育 (tǐyù)


nyouh

From Proto-Tai *niəwᴮ (“urine”), from Middle Chinese 尿 (MC newH, “urine; to piss”). Cognate with Thai เยี่ยว (yîao), Lao ຍ່ຽວ (nyiāu), Lü ᦵᦍᧁᧈ (yew¹), Tai Dam ꪹꪑꪸ꪿ꪫ, Shan ယဵဝ်ႈ (yāeo), Ahom 𑜊𑜢𑜈𑜫 (jʸiw), Nong Zhuang nyuh, Saek หญู้.

cog

Lü ᦵᦍᧁᧈ (yew¹)


byaij

head

byaij (Sawndip forms 𨃅 or 䠊 or 𬦱 or 派 or 𮛒 or 𰺺 or 跿 or 𨂐 or ⿺辶走 or ⿺走拜 or 孨 or ⿰𧾷罢, 1957–1982 spelling byaiз)

𨃅 (Sawndip)
䠊 (Sawndip)
𬦱 (Sawndip)
派 (Sawndip)
𮛒 (Sawndip)
𰺺 (Sawndip)
跿 (Sawndip)
𨂐 (Sawndip)
⿺辶走 (Sawndip)
⿺走拜 (Sawndip)
孨 (Sawndip)
⿰𧾷罢 (Sawndip)


hawq

From Proto-Tai *χaɰᴮ (“dry”). Cognate with Nong Zhuang kawq.


cungq

cungq (Sawndip forms 𠁦 or 𣐄 or 冲 or 仲 or 銃 or 总 or 中, 1957–1982 spelling cuŋƽ)

𠁦 (Sawndip)
𣐄 (Sawndip)
冲 (Sawndip)
仲 (Sawndip)
銃 (Sawndip)
总 (Sawndip)
中 (Sawndip)


naeuh

From Proto-Tai *nawᴮ (“rotten”). Cognate with Thai เน่า (nâo), Northern Thai ᨶᩮᩢ᩵ᩣ, Lao ເນົ່າ (nao), Lü ᦓᧁᧈ (naw¹), Shan ၼဝ်ႈ (nāo), Ahom 𑜃𑜧 (naw) or 𑜃𑜧𑜈𑜫 (naww), Saek เหน้า.


coh

coh (Sawndip forms 𭓖 or 初 or 助 or ⿱初名, 1957–1982 spelling coƅ)

𭓖 (Sawndip)
初 (Sawndip)
助 (Sawndip)
⿱初名 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɟɤːᴮ (“name”), from Early Middle Chinese 字 (MC dziH, “courtesy name”). Cognate with Thai ชื่อ (chʉ̂ʉ), Northern Thai ᨩᩨ᩵, Isan ซื่อ, Lao ຊື່ (sư̄), Lü ᦋᦹᧈ (tsue¹), Shan ၸိုဝ်ႈ (tsūe), Ahom 𑜋𑜢𑜤𑜈𑜫 (chüw) or 𑜋𑜥 (chū).


rueg

From Proto-Tai *rwɯəkᴰ (“to vomit”). Cognate with Nong Zhuang raeg.


gaeu

From Proto-Tai *qawᴬ (“horn”). Cognate to Thai เขา (kǎo), Northern Thai ᨡᩮᩢᩣ, Lao ເຂົາ (khao), Lü ᦃᧁ (ẋaw), Shan ၶဝ် (khǎo), Ahom 𑜁𑜧 (khaw) or 𑜁𑜨𑜧 (khow).


canghfwen

canghfwen (Sawndip form 𰁳欢, 1957–1982 spelling caŋƅfɯen)

/ɕaːŋ˧ fɯːn˨˦/

folksinger; singer of traditional Zhuang songs


hwet

hwet (Sawndip forms 𣎚 or 𦚡 or 𰮸 or 𮗅 or ⿱胡弓 or 肐, 1957–1982 spelling hɯet)

𣎚 (Sawndip)
𦚡 (Sawndip)
𰮸 (Sawndip)
𮗅 (Sawndip)
⿱胡弓 (Sawndip)
肐 (Sawndip)


𠲖

Sawndip form of ae (“classifier used for adult men”)


saek

saek (Sawndip forms 𢬘 or ⿰由色 or 噻 or 測 or 𢯩 or 德, 1957–1982 spelling sək)

𢬘 (Sawndip)
⿰由色 (Sawndip)
噻 (Sawndip)
測 (Sawndip)
𢯩 (Sawndip)
德 (Sawndip)


saek

saek (Sawndip forms 噻 or 色 or 𠲅 or 則, 1957–1982 spelling sək)

噻 (Sawndip)
色 (Sawndip)
𠲅 (Sawndip)
則 (Sawndip)

any at all (used in negative constructions to emphasize the complete absence of something)


𱅭

Sawndip form of aek (“chest; breast; thorax”)


okdaeuj

From ok (“to exit”) + daeuj (“to come”).


𮛓

Sawndip form of gyaeuj (“head; headhair”)


𩇭

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 非 + semantic 火 (“fire”)


𰯔

Sawndip form of gemj (“cheek (of face)”)


𰪯

Sawndip form of imq (“to be full; to be satiated”)


𦺥

Sawndip form of gyu (“wild amaranth; pigweed”)


gijgwn

gij (“classifier”) + gwn (“to eat, to drink”).


Lingz

a surname, transcribed as 凌 (Líng) in Chinese


haeuxyangz

head

haeuxyangz (classifier faek, Sawndip form 𬖙⿰米羊, 1957–1982 spelling həuчyaŋƨ)

From haeux (“rice”) + yangz, a morpheme from Chinese, often thought to be from 洋 (MC yang, “foreign”), though Wei (2018) suggests that it is more likely from 皇 (MC hwang, “imperial”) instead. Cognate with Bouyei hauxyaangz (“sorghum”).

Raeuz aeu geiq / Seizneix ndaem haeuxyangz

2021, Yang Yang, quoting He Jian Shui, Meta-functional Equivalent Translation of Chinese Folk Song: Intercultural Communication of Zhuang Ethnic Minority as an Example, Zhejiang University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 4:


𰘙

Sawndip form of nduk (“rotten; vicious”)


𡨴

Sawndip form of ningq (“small; young (as a child)”)


𢘠

Sawndip form of baeg (“to be tired; to gasp”)


ningq

ningq (Sawndip forms ⿰小宁 or 咛 or 𡨴 or 吝, 1957–1982 spelling niŋƽ)

⿰小宁 (Sawndip)
咛 (Sawndip)
𡨴 (Sawndip)
吝 (Sawndip)


ningq

ningq (Sawndip form 𠀃, 1957–1982 spelling niŋƽ)


lwgbaed

lwgbaed (classifier aen, Sawndip form 𭒹胇, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgbəd)

From lwg- (“small object”) + baed (“pupil”).


𰍣

Sawndip form of baed (“Buddha; shrine; spirit; god”)


gvaq

gvaq (Sawndip forms 卦 or 挂 or 咵 or 𰻀 or 𭺚, 1957–1982 spelling gvaƽ)

卦 (Sawndip)
挂 (Sawndip)
咵 (Sawndip)
𰻀 (Sawndip)
𭺚 (Sawndip)


gvaq

Used after a verb to indicate that the verb's action has the effect of moving across something: across; over

Used after a verb to indicate that the verb's action is completed: already

Used after a verb to indicate that the verb's action or circumstance has occurred: already; before

Used after an adjective to indicate a comparison: more ... than

Used after a verb to indicate that the verb's action is enough to match or exceed the object


𭾘

Sawndip form of baed (“pupil (of the eye)”)


𰞅

Sawndip form of youz (“oil; fat; grease”)


goujyanghdangz

goujyanghdangz (1957–1982 spelling gouзyaŋƅdaŋƨ)


nyauj

nyauj (Sawndip forms 蹺 or 𬦦 or 跤, 1957–1982 spelling nyauз)


nyauj

to claw; to scratch with claws or fingernails


gauhgiz cunghyoz

gauhgiz cunghyoz (1957–1982 spelling gauƅgiƨ cuŋƅyoƨ)

From Mandarin 高級中學／高级中学 (gāojí zhōngxué).

zh-l

高級中學／高级中学 (gāojí zhōngxué)

Liujcouh Gauhgiz Cunghyoz

senior high school (including both junior high school and senior high school)


ngazcat

/ŋa˧˩ ɕaːt˧˥/


gyanghaemh

head

gyanghaemh (1957–1982 spelling gyaŋhəmƅ)


ngoenzlwenz

ngoenzlwenz (Sawndip form 𭥓𭧒, 1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨlɯenƨ)

/ŋon˧˩ lɯːn˧˩/

From ngoenz (“day”) + lwenz (“yesterday (only in compounds)”).


doengxhaemh

head

doengxhaemh (1957–1982 spelling dɵŋчhəmƅ)


ngoenzcog

ngoenzcog (Sawndip form 𭥓𭦎, 1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨcog)

/ŋon˧˩ ɕoːk˧/

From ngoenz (“day”) + cog (“future; tomorrow (in compounds)”).


gyanghwnz

/kʲaːŋ˨˦ hɯn˧˩/


doengxngoenz

head

doengxngoenz (1957–1982 spelling dɵŋчŋɵnƨ)

/toŋ˦˨ ŋon˧˩/


doengxhwnz

doengxhwnz (1957–1982 spelling dɵŋчhɯnƨ)

/toŋ˦˨ hɯn˧˩/

(dialectal) the middle of the night; late at night


gyangngoenz

gyangngoenz (Sawndip form 𮤏𭥓, 1957–1982 spelling gyaŋŋɵnƨ)

/kʲaːŋ˨˦ ŋon˧˩/


banringz

/paːn˨˦ ɣiŋ˧˩/

From ban- (prefix for time) + ringz (noon).


gauhgiz

zh-l

高級／高级 (gāojí)

high-grade; high-class; advanced; senior


duzyiuh

From duz- + yiuh (“Eurasian sparrowhawk”).

Eurasian sparrowhawk
Eurasian sparrowhawk


yiuhrumz

From yiuh (“sparrowhawk”) + rumz (“wind”).


romh

head

romh (Sawndip forms 𭥪 or 洸 or 𭧓, 1957–1982 spelling romƅ)


yiuh

yiuh (Sawndip forms 䴃 or 𰃥 or ⿰鷹校 or 摇 or 鴁, 1957–1982 spelling yiuƅ)

䴃 (Sawndip)
𰃥 (Sawndip)
⿰鷹校 (Sawndip)
摇 (Sawndip)
鴁 (Sawndip)


binghsiengh

binghsiengh (1957–1982 spelling biŋƅsieŋƅ)

/piŋ˧ θiːŋ˧/


ciengz

ciengz (Sawndip forms 垟 or 长, 1957–1982 spelling cieŋƨ)


daiq

daiq (Sawndip forms 𡛕 or 𭑼, 1957–1982 spelling daiƽ)

From Proto-Tai *naːjᴬ (“maternal grandmother”). Cognate with Thai ยาย (yaai), Lao ຍາຍ (nyāi), Shan ၼၢႆး (náai).

inh

maternal grandmother
maternal grandmother


daiq

head

daiq (Sawndip forms 帒 or 太 or 代, 1957–1982 spelling daiƽ)


raq

raq (Sawndip forms 疜 or ⿸瘟下 or 𤷟 or 吓 or 𪵩 or ⿰下大 or 嗄 or 迓, 1957–1982 spelling raƽ)

疜 (Sawndip)
⿸瘟下 (Sawndip)
𤷟 (Sawndip)
吓 (Sawndip)
𪵩 (Sawndip)
⿰下大 (Sawndip)
嗄 (Sawndip)
迓 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *raːᴮ (“epidemic”). Cognate with Thai ห่า (hàa), Northern Thai ᩁ᩵ᩣ, Lao ຮ່າ (hā), Shan ႁႃႈ (hāa), Phake ꩭႃ (hā), Ahom 𑜍𑜠 (ra), Zuojiang Zhuang haq.

communicable disease; pestilence; plague


raq

to contract a communicable disease; to be diseased


raq

raq (Sawndip forms 𭰪 or 啦 or 拉 or 吪 or 𮳃 or 𣳓 or 洽 or 汏 or ⿰火杀 or 𭲢, 1957–1982 spelling raƽ)

𭰪 (Sawndip)
啦 (Sawndip)
拉 (Sawndip)
吪 (Sawndip)
𮳃 (Sawndip)
𣳓 (Sawndip)
洽 (Sawndip)
汏 (Sawndip)
⿰火杀 (Sawndip)
𭲢 (Sawndip)

Used for occurrences of an event that is usually violent or dangerous.


raq

raq (Sawndip form 𪵩, 1957–1982 spelling raƽ)

raq (Sawndip form 吓, 1957–1982 spelling raƽ)


raq

raq (Sawndip forms 𰋒 or 𭐾, 1957–1982 spelling raƽ)

(dialectal) Used for groups of people or animals: group of; flock of


lwgraz

lwgraz (classifier naed, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgraƨ)


rongzgyau

/ɣoːŋ˧˩ kʲaːu˨˦/


rongz

rongz (Sawndip forms 𥦌 or 笼 or 𱜖 or 紌, 1957–1982 spelling roŋƨ)

𥦌 (Sawndip)
笼 (Sawndip)
𱜖 (Sawndip)
紌 (Sawndip)


baek

baek (Sawndip form 𰞃, 1957–1982 spelling bək)

to stew; to decoct; to cook slowly in an earthen pot


𣔉

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 木 (“tree”) + phonetic 非 (OC *pɯl)


𦬎

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 艸 (“grass, herb, plant”) + phonetic 也 (OC *laːlʔ)


𡎜

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 土 (“soil”) + phonetic 南 (OC *nuːm)

Sawndip form of namh (“earth, soil, dirt”)


𥅂

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): semantic 目 (“eye”) + phonetic 他 (OC *l̥ʰaːl)


𪽖

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 那 (OC *naːl, *naːlʔ, *naːls) + semantic 田 (“farm”)


𫖂

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 那 (OC *naːl, *naːlʔ, *naːls) + semantic 面 (“face”)


fouj

head

fouj (Sawndip forms 𠛈 or 𰼢 or 鈇 or 䤣 or 富 or 夫 or 府 or ⿰釒府, 1957–1982 spelling fouз)

𠛈 (Sawndip)
𰼢 (Sawndip)
鈇 (Sawndip)
䤣 (Sawndip)
富 (Sawndip)
夫 (Sawndip)
府 (Sawndip)
⿰釒府 (Sawndip)


gvak

gvak (Sawndip forms 𮢏 or 刮 or 鈼, 1957–1982 spelling gvak)

From Chinese 钁 (MC kjwak). Compare Vietnamese cuốc and Proto-Be *kuakᴰ¹ (whence kuak⁷ in modern lects).


dangzrwi

/taːŋ˧˩ ɣɯːi˨˦/


loeghozraez

loeghozraez (1957–1982 spelling lɵghoƨrəiƨ)

From loeg (“deer”) + hoz (“neck”) + raez (“long”).


cuzcuhceh

head

cuzcuhceh (1957–1982 spelling cuƨcuƅceƅ)

zh-l

出租車／出租车 (chūzūchē)


gisongih

計算機／计算机 (jìsuànjī)


ciokco

/ɕi˨˦ ʔoːk˧˥ ɕo˨˦/

From ci (“car; vehicle”) + okco (“to rent out”), a calque from Mandarin 出租車／出租车 (chūzūchē).

zh-l

出租車／出租车 (chūzūchē)


gyahyouzcan

head

gyahyouzcan (1957–1982 spelling gyaƅyouƨcan)

filling station; gas station; petrol station; service station


fungbau

Vunz song ranz yaek doxbiek le, Liz laujbanj hawj lwg gou aen fungbau he, gou rox vunz Dunghgvanj maij soengq fungbau, hix bwh miz aen fungbau he hawj lwg de.

2013, Banh Cauzyangz, “Youq Dunghgvanj Baiqnienz”, in Ngoenzseng Raeujrub, Nanning: Guangxi Nationalities Publishing House, →ISBN, archived from the original on 2021-12-14:


bwz

bwz (Sawndip forms 𫃚 or 𮈊, 1957–1982 spelling bɯƨ)


makgyamj

From mak (“fruit”) + gyamj (“(Chinese) olive”).

com

olive, especially the Chinese olive (fruit)


beksingq

head

beksingq (Sawndip forms 𰋿姓 or 白姓, 1957–1982 spelling beksiŋƽ)

/peːk˧˥ θiŋ˧˥/


aiswhbing

/ʔaːi˧˥ θɯ˧ piŋ˧˥/


binghmabag

binghmabag (1957–1982 spelling biŋƅmabag)

From bingh (“disease”) + mabag (“mad dog”).


bingh'aiswhbing

bingh'aiswhbing (1957–1982 spelling biŋƅaisɯƅbiŋ)

/piŋ˧ ʔaːi˧˥ θɯ˧ piŋ˧˥/

From bingh (“disease”) + aiswhbing (“AIDS”), from Mandarin 艾滋病 (àizībìng).


madwknyaen

madwknyaen (classifier duz, 1957–1982 spelling madɯknyən)


bingh

bingh (Sawndip forms 𭼑 or 𰂞 or ⿺死并, 1957–1982 spelling biŋƅ)


dwknyaen

From dwk (“to catch; to hunt”) + nyaen (“wild animal”).


dwk

head

dwk (Sawndip forms 廸 or 的 or 𢛳, 1957–1982 spelling dɯk)

to exorcise; to drive out (an evil spirit)


aen gyacizgvanh cehsim sevei cujyi

aen gyacizgvanh cehsim sevei cujyi (1957–1982 spelling ən gyaciƨgvanƅ ceƅsim sevei cuзyi)

/ʔan˨˦ kʲa˨˦ ɕi˧˩ kʷaːn˧ ɕe˧ θim˨˦ θe˨˦ βei˨˦ ɕu˥ ji˨˦/

Calque from Mandarin 社會主義核心價值觀／社会主义核心价值观 (shèhuì zhǔyì héxīn jiàzhíguān).


bwtbingh binghdoeg gvanhcang yienghmoq

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bwtbingh binghdoeg gvanhcang yienghmoq (1957–1982 spelling bɯtbiŋƅ biŋƅdɵg gvanƅcaŋ yieŋƅmoƽ)

/pɯt˥ piŋ˧ piŋ˧ tok˧ kʷaːn˧ ɕaːŋ˨˦ jiːŋ˧ mo˧˥/

zh-l

新型冠狀病毒肺炎／新型冠状病毒肺炎


banfunghgen bancizminzdi sevei

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banfunghgen bancizminzdi sevei (1957–1982 spelling banfuŋƅgen banciƨminƨdi sevei)

/paːn˧˥ fuŋ˧ keːn˧˥ paːn˧˥ ɕi˧˩ min˧˩ ti˧˥ θe˧˥ βei˧˥/

From Mandarin 半封建半殖民地社會／半封建半殖民地社会.

bor

Mandarin 半封建半殖民地社會／半封建半殖民地社会


bazsiujsiz gunghcozci

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bazsiujsiz gunghcozci (1957–1982 spelling baƨsiuзsiƨ guŋƅcoƨci)

/pa˧˩ θiu˥ θi˧˩ kuŋ˧ ɕo˧˩ ɕi˧˥/

Borrowed from Mandarin 八小時工作制／八小时工作制 (bā xiǎoshí gōngzuòzhì).


ngieg

head

ngieg (Sawndip forms 𰳦 or ⿴囗龙 or 兀 or 溺 or 𣲣 or ⿺鬼弱, 1957–1982 spelling ŋieg)

𰳦 (Sawndip)
⿴囗龙 (Sawndip)
兀 (Sawndip)
溺 (Sawndip)
𣲣 (Sawndip)
⿺鬼弱 (Sawndip)


haenx

haenx (Sawndip forms 𰻸 or 哏 or 𭉆 or 恨 or 很 or ⿱很土, 1957–1982 spelling hənч)

𰻸 (Sawndip)
哏 (Sawndip)
𭉆 (Sawndip)
恨 (Sawndip)
很 (Sawndip)
⿱很土 (Sawndip)


lawh

lawh (Sawndip forms 𪭼 or 攄 or 㧫 or ⿸广思 or 慮, 1957–1982 spelling ləɯƅ)

𪭼 (Sawndip)
攄 (Sawndip)
㧫 (Sawndip)
⿸广思 (Sawndip)
慮 (Sawndip)


lawz

lawz (classifier duz, 1957–1982 spelling ləɯƨ)


lawz

lawz (Sawndip forms 㖇 or 雷 or 叻 or 尔 or 护 or 𬽬 or 侣 or 勒 or ⿰土虑 or 𬩳 or 侕 or 䣂 or 檑 or 吕 or 由, 1957–1982 spelling ləɯƨ)

㖇 (Sawndip)
雷 (Sawndip)
叻 (Sawndip)
尔 (Sawndip)
护 (Sawndip)
𬽬 (Sawndip)
侣 (Sawndip)
勒 (Sawndip)
⿰土虑 (Sawndip)
𬩳 (Sawndip)
侕 (Sawndip)
䣂 (Sawndip)
檑 (Sawndip)
吕 (Sawndip)
由 (Sawndip)


leq

leq (classifier boux, Sawndip form ⿰子列, 1957–1982 spelling leƽ)


ngawz

ngawz (Sawndip forms ⿰愚兀 or ⿱額心 or 𭜒, 1957–1982 spelling ŋəɯƨ)


ngeihyienz

ngeihyienz (1957–1982 spelling ŋeiƅyienƨ)

Borrowed from Chinese 二弦 (MC nyijH hen).

daz ngeihyienz


congzrok

/ɕoːŋ˧˩ ɣoːk˧˥/


bouxhek

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + hek (“guest”).


conghhaex

/ɕoːŋ˧ hai˦˨/

From congh (“hole; opening”) + haex (“faeces”).


conghrwz

/ɕoːŋ˧ ɣɯ˧˩/

From congh (“hole; opening”) + rwz (“ear”).


vahdoj

From vah (“language; dialect”) + doj (“local”). Compare Chinese 土話／土话 (tǔhuà).

zh-l

土話／土话 (tǔhuà)

local dialect; vernacular (usually referring to Zhuang)


Bouxhek

(dialectal, including Wuming) Han Chinese


Bouxdoj

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + doj (“local”).


reux

head

reux (Sawndip forms 𰹇 or ⿰身条, 1957–1982 spelling reuч)


𨱥

Ideogrammic compound (會意／会意): 不 (“not”) + 長 (“long”).


fungh

(Chinese mythology) fenghuang (a mythological bird)


yinzminz-veijyenzvei

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yinzminz-veijyenzvei (1957–1982 spelling yinƨminƨ-veiзyenƨvei)

Yinƨminƨ-veiзyenƨvei Sɯcigiƅ Bouчcueŋƅ Gueŋзsəi
Yinzminz-veijyenzvei Swcigih Bouxcuengh Guengjsae
People's Committee of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region


guekcoj

guek + coj, probably from Chinese 祖國／祖国 (zǔguó).

zh-m

祖國／祖国 (zǔguó)


Bouxmiuz

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + Miuz (“Miao”).

pre

Sɯcicu Bouчcueŋƅ Bouчmiuƨ Vənƨsanƅ
Swcicu Bouxcuengh Bouxmiuz Vaenzsanh
Wenshan Zhuang-Miao Autonomous State


vih

[…] viƅ hɯnƽguƅ guekcoз seveicuyi bəi rɵŋƨreŋƨ!
vih hwnqguh guekcoj seveicuyi [[[seveicujyi]]] bae roengzrengz!

1958 March 20, banner now exhibited at the Yunnan Provincial Museum (云南省博物馆)

(please add an English translation of this quotation)


buzdauzdangz

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buzdauzdangz (1957–1982 spelling buƨdauƨdaŋƨ)

/pu˧˩ taːu˧˩ taːŋ˧˩/


Yihswhlanzgyau

Yihswhlanzgyau (1957–1982 spelling Yiƅsɯƅlanƨgyau)

/ji˧ θɯ˧ laːn˧˩ kʲaːu˧˥/

zh-l

伊斯蘭教／伊斯兰教 (Yīsīlánjiào)


Yihlangj

From Mandarin 伊朗 (Yīlǎng), from Persian ایران (irân).


hoiz

head

hoiz (Sawndip forms 𰐋 or 回, 1957–1982 spelling hoiƨ)


wyangjvadan

wyangjvadan (1957–1982 spelling ɯyaŋзvadan)

/ʔɯ˧˥ jaːŋ˥ βa˧˥ taːn˧˥/


Yihlahgwz

Yihlahgwz (1957–1982 spelling Yiƅlaƅgɯƨ)

From Mandarin 伊拉克 (Yīlākè), from Arabic الْعِرَاق (al-ʕirāq, “Iraq”).

zh-l

伊拉克 (Yīlākè)


aeu

head

aeu (Sawndip forms 歐 or ⿱𠮛皿 or 嘔 or 摳 or 擙 or 澳 or 奥, 1957–1982 spelling əu)

歐 (Sawndip)
⿱𠮛皿 (Sawndip)
嘔 (Sawndip)
摳 (Sawndip)
擙 (Sawndip)
澳 (Sawndip)
奥 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʔawᴬ (“to take”). Cognate with Thai เอา (ao), Northern Thai ᩐᩣ, Lao ເອົາ (ʼao), Lü ᦀᧁ (˙ʼaw), Tai Dam ꪹꪮꪱ, Shan ဢဝ် (ʼǎo), Ahom 𑜒𑜧 (ʼaw), 𑜒𑜧𑜈𑜫 (ʼaww), 𑜒𑜨𑜧 (ʼow).

cog

Lü ᦀᧁ (˙ʼaw)

(of a man) to marry (a woman); to take as a wife


yizcingz

/ji˧˩ ɕiŋ˧˩/


mehmbwk

head

mehmbwk (classifier boux, 1957–1982 spelling meƅƃɯk)

From meh (“mother; woman”) + mbwk (“big”).


dajdoeng

From Chinese 打通 (MC taengX|tengX thuwng).

Dajdoeng “Goengleix Roen Gatsat” Daj Yizmyauz

2021 August 18, Danz Gaijhingh, Lungz Danh, Gvangjsih Minzcuz Bau, archived from the original on 2021-09-08, page 4:

Opening Up "the Last Stretch" of Vaccination


gatsat

/kaːt˧˥ θaːt˧˥/


ngaeux

From Chinese 藕 (MC nguwX, “lotus root”).


yijmauzgiuz

yijmauzgiuz (1957–1982 spelling yiзmauƨgiuƨ)

5 nyied 30 hauh, doenghboux Sangsan Aisinh Gihginhvei veiyenz daibyauj bae Yungzsuij Myauzcuz Swciyen Bwzyinz Yangh Linzcwngz Siujyoz, soengq daehsaw moq、saw、yijmauzgiuz、cagdiuq daengj doenghyiengh hawj 47 boux hagseng, caemhcaiq soengq habngaiz、bingzraemx daengj doenghyiengh hawj lwgnyez Myauzcuz、Yauzcuz.

2013 June 5, Hoz Fuyungz, “'Aisinh' Hawj Lwgnyez Minzcuz Angqgvaq Cietlwgnyez”, in Gvangjsih Minzcuz Bau:


geizciengh

geizciengh (1957–1982 spelling geiƨcieŋƅ)

/kei˧˩ ɕiːŋ˧/

From geiz (“chess; checkers; board game”) + ciengh (“elephant”), calque from Chinese 象棋 (MC zjangX gi).


geizdiuq

From geiz (“chess; checkers; board game”) + diuq (“to jump”), calque from Chinese 跳棋 (MC dew gi).


Bouxdaez

From boux- (“a person of a particular type”) + Daez ("Thai").


cienz

head

cienz (Sawndip forms 刄 or ⿰𠂊㦮 or ⿱爫𬺻, 1957–1982 spelling cienƨ)


cienz

mace; qian (unit of mass equivalent to 5 grams)


cienz

cienz (Sawndip forms 𰇊 or 佺 or 𠱴 or 𨖇, 1957–1982 spelling cienƨ)

𰇊 (Sawndip)
佺 (Sawndip)
𠱴 (Sawndip)
𨖇 (Sawndip)

(intransitive) to circulate; to become widely known


roegyaemyieng

roegyaemyieng (1957–1982 spelling rɵgyəimyieŋ)

From roeg (“bird”) + Chinese 鴛鴦 (MC 'jwon 'jang).


gingoz

zh-l

企鵝／企鹅 (qǐ'é)


cwngzcizdanh

head

cwngzcizdanh (1957–1982 spelling cɯŋƨciƨdanƅ)

/ɕɯŋ˧˩ ɕi˧˩ taːn˧/

zh-l

成績單／成绩单 (chéngjìdān)


gihgiyinz

head

gihgiyinz (1957–1982 spelling giƅgiyinƨ)

zh-l

機器人／机器人 (jīqìrén)


Gangjbi

港幣／港币 (gǎngbì)

Dou youq gwnzgai gwn gvaicanh, boux he aeu seiqcib ngeih maenz Gangjbi; yawj gij gvangjgau henz gai, dingz ci ndwen aeu 2500 maenz, youq Nanzningz ndwen ngamq 350 maenz, miz boux vunzsug he cawx ndaej ranzmoq youq henz danhvei dou, hoeng de lij “gyau mbouj ndaej” cienzdingzci, couh dawz ci daeuj danhvei dou dingz.

2013, Banh Cauzyangz, “Youz Yanghgangj”, in Ngoenzseng Raeujrub, archived from the original on 2021-12-14:


ngoenzsinghgiz

head

ngoenzsinghgiz (1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨsiŋƅgiƨ)

/ŋon˧˩ θiŋ˧ ki˧˩/

From ngoenz (“day”) + singhgiz (“week”).


singhgizsam

singhgizsam (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨsam)

/θiŋ˧ ki˧˩ θaːm˨˦/

Calque from Chinese 星期三 (xīngqīsān), from singhgiz (“week”) + sam (“three”).


singhgizroek

singhgizroek (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨrɵk)

/θiŋ˧ ki˧˩ ɣok˥/

Calque from Chinese 星期六 (xīngqīliù), from singhgiz (“week”) + roek (“six”).


singhgizit

singhgizit (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨit)

/θiŋ˧ ki˧˩ ʔit˥/

Calque from Chinese 星期一 (xīngqīyī), from singhgiz (“week”) + it (“one”).


singhgizhaj

singhgizhaj (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨhaз)

Calque from Chinese 星期五 (xīngqīwǔ), from singhgiz (“week”) + haj (“five”).


liengzhaiz

liengzhaiz (1957–1982 spelling lieŋƨhaiƨ)

/liːŋ˧˩ haːi˧˩/


singhgizseiq

singhgizseiq (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨseiƽ)

/θiŋ˧ ki˧˩ θei˧˥/

Calque from Chinese 星期四 (xīngqīsì), from singhgiz (“week”) + seiq (“four”).


Liengz

From Mandarin 梁 (Liáng), 涼／凉 (Liáng), 良 (Liáng), or 糧／粮 (Liáng).


ngoenzlijbai

ngoenzlijbai (1957–1982 spelling ŋɵnƨliзbai)


yijyenzyoz

yijyenzyoz (1957–1982 spelling yiзyenƨyoƨ)

zh-l

語言學／语言学 (yǔyánxué)


singhgizngeih

head

singhgizngeih (1957–1982 spelling siŋƅgiƨŋeiƅ)

/θiŋ˧ ki˧˩ ŋei˧/

Calque from Chinese 星期二 (xīngqī'èr), from singhgiz (“week”) + ngeih (“two”).


lizswh

zh-l

律師／律师 (lǜshī)


gangyenz

/kaːŋ˧˥ jeːn˧˩/


gangdij

抗體／抗体 (kàngtǐ)


lwggyax

head

lwggyax (Sawndip form 𭒹𭒾, 1957–1982 spelling lɯggyaч)


henj

(of fruits or grains that are yellow when ripe) ripe


byaekginghbwz

byaekginghbwz (1957–1982 spelling byəkgiŋƅbɯƨ)

Partial calque from Chinese 京白菜 (jīngbáicài).


lamz

Classifier for amounts that can be held in a small basket.


rungh

rungh (Sawndip forms 㟖 or 𰎡 or 𰨀 or 𡋱 or ⿰礻㺯 or 弄 or 陇 or ⿴囗弄, 1957–1982 spelling ruŋƅ)

㟖 (Sawndip)
𰎡 (Sawndip)
𰨀 (Sawndip)
𡋱 (Sawndip)
⿰礻㺯 (Sawndip)
弄 (Sawndip)
陇 (Sawndip)
⿴囗弄 (Sawndip)


baengz

baengz (Sawndip forms 䙀 or 𭘯 or 𰏡 or 繃 or 絈 or 崩, 1957–1982 spelling bəŋƨ)

䙀 (Sawndip)
𭘯 (Sawndip)
𰏡 (Sawndip)
繃 (Sawndip)
絈 (Sawndip)
崩 (Sawndip)


ndoi

ndoi (Sawndip forms 𪤠 or 𡉁 or ⿰土奈 or 堆 or 𪨼 or 𰊴 or ⿱山耐 or ⿱山𰌗 or ⿰山内 or 藟 or 𫶘 or 㘨 or 雷, 1957–1982 spelling ƌoi)

𪤠 (Sawndip)
𡉁 (Sawndip)
⿰土奈 (Sawndip)
堆 (Sawndip)
𪨼 (Sawndip)
𰊴 (Sawndip)
⿱山耐 (Sawndip)
⿱山𰌗 (Sawndip)
⿰山内 (Sawndip)
藟 (Sawndip)
𫶘 (Sawndip)
㘨 (Sawndip)
雷 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *C̥.doːjᴬ (“mountain”). Cognate with Thai ดอย (dɔɔi), Northern Thai ᨯᩬ᩠ᨿ, Lao ດອຍ (dǭi), Shan လွႆ (lǎui), Ahom 𑜓𑜨𑜩 (doy) or 𑜓𑜨𑜩𑜐𑜫 (doyñ).


diegmoh

dieg (“land; place”) + moh (“grave; tomb”).

compound

魯肵昋礼添昋𬆗 魯苟风水点𫭩墓
Rox daengz ngoenzleix dem ngoenzdai, rox gaeuj fungsuij diemj diegmoh.

(Can we date this quote?), 莊子鼓盆歌 [Cangqswj Guj Buenz Go]:


ahswhbizlinz

head

ahswhbizlinz (1957–1982 spelling aƅsɯƅbiƨlinƨ)

/ʔa˧ θɯ˧ pi˧˩ lin˧˩/

Borrowed from Mandarin 阿司匹林, from English aspirin.

(organic chemistry, pharmacology) aspirin


rongx

rongx (Sawndip forms 咙 or 𰉌, 1957–1982 spelling roŋч)

Cognate with Thai ร้อง (rɔ́ɔng), Northern Thai ᩁᩬ᩶ᨦ, Isan ฮ้อง, Lao ຮ້ອງ (hǭng), Lü ᦣᦸᧂᧉ (hoang²), Tai Dam ꪭ꫁ꪮꪉ, Shan ႁွင်ႉ (hâ̰ung), Phake ꩭွင် (hoṅ), Ahom 𑜍𑜨𑜂𑜫 (roṅ).


langx

Compare Cantonese 塱 (long5, “low-lying land next to a river or lake”).


hopbi

60 hopbi


vanjdiet

vanj (“bowl”) + diet (“iron”), calque from Chinese 鐵飯碗／铁饭碗 (tiěfànwǎn).

zh-m

鐵飯碗／铁饭碗 (tiěfànwǎn)


Yizgungh senj bya

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Yizgungh senj bya (1957–1982 spelling Yiƨguŋƅ senз bya)

/ji˧˩ kuŋ˧ θeːn˥ pʲa˨˦/

Calque from Chinese 愚公移山 (yúgōngyíshān).

to be resolute in one's endeavor, no matter what hardships one encounters


byaijdoulaeng

byaijdoulaeng (1957–1982 spelling byaiзdouləŋ)

byaij + doulaeng, calque from Chinese 走後門／走后门 (zǒu hòumén).

zh-m

走後門／走后门 (zǒu hòumén)


bozvuzgvanj

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bozvuzgvanj (1957–1982 spelling boƨvuƨgvanз)

/po˧˩ βu˧˩ kʷaːn˥/

Borrowed from Mandarin 博物館／博物馆 (bówùguǎn).

zh-l

博物館／博物馆 (bówùguǎn)


ndungjndingq

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ndungjndingq (1957–1982 spelling ƌuŋзƌiŋƽ)

/ɗuŋ˥ ɗiŋ˧˥/


lwgcid

lwgcid (Sawndip form 𭒹荠, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgcid)

From lwg- (“prefix in names of fruits”) + cid (“water chestnut”).


ngaeuz

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ngaeuz (Sawndip form 𰐦, 1957–1982 spelling ŋəuƨ)

From Proto-Tai *ŋawᴬ (“shadow; reflection”). Cognate with Thai เงา (ngao), Lao ເງົາ (ngao), Tai Dam ꪹꪉꪱ, Lü ᦇᧁ (ngaw), Shan ငဝ်း (ngáo), Tai Nüa ᥒᥝᥰ (ngäw), Tày ngàu, Bouyei ngauz, Ahom 𑜂𑜧 (ṅaw).


ngaeuz

ngaeuz (Sawndip forms 牰 or 𰍁 or 𣼱 or 𩀍 or 𮂭 or ⿰身吾 or 汼 or 偶 or 耦 or ⿰光偶, 1957–1982 spelling ŋəuƨ)

牰 (Sawndip)
𰍁 (Sawndip)
𣼱 (Sawndip)
𩀍 (Sawndip)
𮂭 (Sawndip)
⿰身吾 (Sawndip)
汼 (Sawndip)
偶 (Sawndip)
耦 (Sawndip)
⿰光偶 (Sawndip)


raiq

raiq (Sawndip forms 瀬 or 淶, 1957–1982 spelling raiƽ)


gemh

gemh (Sawndip forms 𡽗 or 儉 or 嶮 or 垷 or 峴 or 墘, 1957–1982 spelling gemƅ)

𡽗 (Sawndip)
儉 (Sawndip)
嶮 (Sawndip)
垷 (Sawndip)
峴 (Sawndip)
墘 (Sawndip)


vaiq

vaiq (Sawndip form 𮛞, 1957–1982 spelling vaiƽ)


raengz

raengz (Sawndip forms 潧 or 淩, 1957–1982 spelling rəŋƨ)

Cognate with Thai วัง (wang, “deep pool”), Lao ວັງ (wang), Shan ဝင်း (wáng). Compare Middle Chinese 汪 (MC 'wang, “deep pool”).


hakdoj

From hak (“government official”) + doj (“local”).


angqhoh

/ʔaːŋ˧˥ ho˧/

1958 March 14, parade banner
aŋƽhoƅ Swcigi Bouчcueŋƅ Gueŋзsəi ləbbənƽ
celebrating the founding of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region


ndaundeiqsauqbaet

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ndaundeiqsauqbaet (1957–1982 spelling ƌauƌeiƽsauƽbət)

/ɗaːu˨˦ ɗei˧˥ θaːu˧˥ pat˥/

ndaundeiq (“star”) + sauqbaet (“broom”). Calque from Chinese 掃把星／扫把星 (sàobǎxīng, “comet”).


duzbinj

drug (illegal addictive psychoactive substance); narcotic


duzcej

zh-l

讀者／读者 (dúzhě)

reader (of books, periodicals, magazines, etc.)


𫟌

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声): phonetic 外 (OC *ŋʷaːds) + semantic 艸。


denciz

/teːn˧˥ ɕi˧˩/

zh-l

電池／电池 (diànchí)

(electronics) battery (device producing electricity)


dendaiz

電臺／电台 (diàntái)


daihsoqgawq

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daihsoqgawq (1957–1982 spelling daiƅsoƽgəɯƽ)

/taːi˧ θo˧˥ kaɯ˧˥/

Borrowed from Chinese 大數據 (MC dajH srjuH kjoH).


canloz

/ɕaːn˧˥ lo˧˩/

zh-l

戰略／战略 (zhànlüè)


gienzndangcangq

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gienzndangcangq (1957–1982 spelling gienƨƌaŋcaŋƽ)

/kiːn˧˩ ɗaːŋ˨˦ ɕaːŋ˧˥/

gienz (“right”) + ndang (“body”) + cangq (“healthy”).


gihgi

zh-l

機器／机器 (jīqì)


gingq

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gingq (Sawndip forms ⿰靣竟 or 竟, 1957–1982 spelling giŋƽ)


gingq

gingq (Sawndip form 𰹂, 1957–1982 spelling giŋƽ)


gingq

gingq (Sawndip forms 擏 or 𢫝, 1957–1982 spelling giŋƽ)


douhau

zh-l

逗號／逗号 (dòuhào)


gihau

句號／句号 (jùhào)


saenqsikdinj

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saenqsikdinj (1957–1982 spelling sənƽsikdinз)

From saenqsik (“information”) + dinj (“short”), calque from Mandarin 短信息 (duǎnxìnxī).


doengzhag

From Chinese 同學 (MC duwng haewk). Doublet of dungzyoz.


dungzyoz

From Mandarin 同學／同学 (tóngxué). Doublet of doengzhag.

zh-l

同學／同学 (tóngxué)


𭨡倱

Sawndip form of Sawgun (“Chinese characters; hanzi”)


Suhlienz

蘇聯／苏联 (Sūlián)


fouh

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fouh (Sawndip form 戊, 1957–1982 spelling fouƅ)


diengan

/tiː˨˦ ŋaːn˨˦/


bingj

bingj (Sawndip form 丙, 1957–1982 spelling biŋз)


gveiq

gveiq (Sawndip form 癸, 1957–1982 spelling gveiƽ)


nyaemz

nyaemz (Sawndip form 壬, 1957–1982 spelling nyəmƨ)


geij

geij (Sawndip form 己, 1957–1982 spelling geiз)


gyap

gyap (Sawndip form 甲, 1957–1982 spelling gyap)


Faŋƨcɯŋƨgaŋз

Faŋƨcɯŋƨgaŋз

za-head

Faŋƨcɯŋƨgaŋз


vuengzcungq

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vuengzcungq (1957–1982 spelling vueŋƨcuŋƽ)

/βuːŋ˧˩ ɕuŋ˧˥/


vuengzciuz

vuengzciuz (1957–1982 spelling vueŋƨciuƨ)

/βuːŋ˧˩ ɕiu˧˩/

Borrowed from Chinese 王朝 (MC hjwang drjew).


ən gyaciƨgvanƅ ceƅsim sevei cuзyi

aen gyacizgvanh cehsim sevei cujyi#Zhuang

1957–1982 spelling of aen gyacizgvanh cehsim sevei cujyi


bet nyied cibŋuч

bet nyied cibngux
bet nyied cibngux#Zhuang


gveiqhaih

gveiqhaih (1957–1982 spelling gveiƽhaiƅ)

The sixtieth term of the Chinese sexagenary cycle, sometimes glossed as "Water Pig" from its associated terms in the Chinese elements and zodiac.


bɯtbiŋƅ sinƅgvanƅ

bwtbingh sinhgvanh
bwtbingh sinhgvanh#Zhuang

1957–1982 spelling of bwtbingh sinhgvanh


giŋз bɵmч lɵŋч

giŋз bɵmч lɵŋч

za-head

giŋз bɵmч lɵŋч

gingj boemx loengx
gingj boemx loengx#Zhuang

1957–1982 spelling of gingj boemx loengx


bɯtbiŋƅ biŋƅdɵg gvanƅcaŋ yieŋƅmoƽ

bwtbingh binghdoeg gvanhcang yienghmoq#Zhuang

1957–1982 spelling of bwtbingh binghdoeg gvanhcang yienghmoq


Yaej

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Yaej (Sawndip form 伢, 1957–1982 spelling Yəiз)


Veizvuzwj

Veizvuzwj (1957–1982 spelling Veiƨvuƨɯз)

/βei˧˩ βu˧˩ ʔɯ˥/


Sawcauzsenh

Sawcauzsenh (1957–1982 spelling Səɯcauƨsenƅ)

/θaɯ˨˦ ɕaːu˧˩ θeːn˧/

From saw (“writing; character”) + Cauzsenh (“Korean people”).


bwtbingh sinhgvanh

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bwtbingh sinhgvanh (1957–1982 spelling bɯtbiŋƅ sinƅgvanƅ)


byɵŋƽ haŋч səiƨ

byɵŋƽ haŋч səiƨ

za-head

byɵŋƽ haŋч səiƨ

byoengq hangx saez
byoengq hangx saez#Zhuang

1957–1982 spelling of byoengq hangx saez


niuxfwngz

/niu˦˨ fɯŋ˧˩/


yienghfwngz

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yienghfwngz (1957–1982 spelling yieŋƅfɯŋƨ)

/jiːŋ˧ fɯŋ˧˩/


dawzroengz

dawzroengz (1957–1982 spelling dəɯƨrɵŋƨ)

/taɯ˧˩ ɣoŋ˧˩/


gaek

gaek (Sawndip form 氪, 1957–1982 spelling gək)


naxgwiz

/na˦˨ kɯːi˧˩/

maternal uncle (mother's brother-in-law)


myaiz

myaiz (Sawndip forms 㵋 or 𱧮 or 𭉚, 1957–1982 spelling myaiƨ)

From Proto-Tai *laːjᴬ (“saliva”); cognate with Bouyei naaiz. The irregular initial, which points to *ml-, is possibly due to rebracketing the -m from *C̬.namꟲ (“water”); compare Thai น้ำลาย (náam-laai, “saliva”), Bouyei ramxnaaiz.

Yehsuh gangj sat doenghgij vah neix le, couh byiq myaiz roengz lajdoem bae, couh aeu gij myaiz de ma caeuq doem nuz baenz naez hwj swk haeuj cehra boux rafangz mwnq bae.

2016, Gij Baujcingq Moq Caeuq Geij Bonj Gij Baujcingq Daeuzdaeuz [The New Testament with A Few Books of the Old Testament], Hong Kong: New Bridge Publishing Company Limited, →ISBN, Yozhanq Saw [John] 9:6:

When [Jesus] had thus spoken, he spat on the ground, and made clay of the spittle, and he anointed the eyes of the blind man with the clay

Lauxbaeg vaq myaiz siu heiqraeng, duhheu gaij ngunh dwg ceiq ndei.

2017, Zhou Yanxian, editor, Two Thousand Zhuang Proverbs from China with Annotations and Chinese and English Translation, New York: Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 121:

Radishes help to reduce phlegm and flatulence, mung beans work best to clear away summer heat.


raemxcing

/ɣam˦˨ ɕiŋ˨˦/

From raemx (“water”) + a morpheme from Chinese 精 (MC tsjeng).


raixcaix

raixcaix (Sawndip form 淶𰛢, 1957–1982 spelling raiчcaiч)

/ɣaːi˦˨ ɕaːi˦˨/

(used after an adjective) extremely; very; really


sawgun

sawgun (Sawndip form 𭨡倱, 1957–1982 spelling səɯgun)


gumh

gumh (Sawndip forms 𬮍 or 凹 or 𢆓 or 閧, 1957–1982 spelling gumƅ)

𬮍 (Sawndip)
凹 (Sawndip)
𢆓 (Sawndip)
閧 (Sawndip)


gumz

gumz (Sawndip forms 凷 or 𰉜 or 岑 or 塳 or ⿰土⿱冖今 or ⿱宀共 or ⿱凹今 or 凹 or 鐔 or ⿰土琴 or 閧, 1957–1982 spelling gumƨ)

凷 (Sawndip)
𰉜 (Sawndip)
岑 (Sawndip)
塳 (Sawndip)
⿰土⿱冖今 (Sawndip)
⿱宀共 (Sawndip)
⿱凹今 (Sawndip)
凹 (Sawndip)
鐔 (Sawndip)
⿰土琴 (Sawndip)
閧 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *C̬.kumᴬ (“pit”), from Middle Chinese 坎 (MC khomX, “pit, hole”). Cognate with Thai ขุม (kǔm), Isan ขุม, Lao ຂຸມ (khum), Shan ၶုမ် (khǔm), Tai Dam ꪄꪴꪣ, Tai Nüa ᥑᥧᥛᥴ (xúm), Ahom 𑜁𑜤𑜪 (khuṃ), Zuojiang Zhuang kumq.


henz

henz dah
riverside

henz loh


moek

moek (Sawndip form 𡉿, 1957–1982 spelling mɵk)

Cognate with Thai หมก (mòk), Lao ໝົກ (mok), Shan မူၵ်း (múuk), Nong Zhuang moak.


goenggeq

paternal grandfather
paternal grandfather

great-grandfather (paternal grandfather's father)


goenglaux

From goeng (“adult man”) + a morpheme from Chinese 老 (MC lawX, “old”).


neux

neux (Sawndip form 仦, 1957–1982 spelling neuч)


haenz

haenz (Sawndip forms 痕 or 垠 or 哏 or ⿰口痕 or 㡾, 1957–1982 spelling hənƨ)

痕 (Sawndip)
垠 (Sawndip)
哏 (Sawndip)
⿰口痕 (Sawndip)
㡾 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɣalᴬ (“to itch”). Cognate with Thai คัน (kan), Lao ຄັນ (khan).


haenz

haenz (Sawndip forms 垠 or 硍 or 垣 or 𰦶 or 申 or 痕 or ⿰艮粦 or 限 or 恨 or 恨 or 𭉆 or 𰻸 or ⿰干艮 or ⿰旱艮 or ⿰干亘, 1957–1982 spelling hənƨ)

垠 (Sawndip)
硍 (Sawndip)
垣 (Sawndip)
𰦶 (Sawndip)
申 (Sawndip)
痕 (Sawndip)
⿰艮粦 (Sawndip)
限 (Sawndip)
恨 (Sawndip)
𭉆 (Sawndip)
𰻸 (Sawndip)
⿰干艮 (Sawndip)
⿰旱艮 (Sawndip)
⿰干亘 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɣalᴬ (“dike between rice fields”). Cognate with Thai คัน (kan), Lao ຄັນ (khan), Lü ᦅᧃ (kan), Shan ၵၼ်း (kán).


humz

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humz (Sawndip forms 𭼒 or 𠶥 or 𭠲 or ⿰痒含 or 𭼊, 1957–1982 spelling humƨ)

𭼒 (Sawndip)
𠶥 (Sawndip)
𭠲 (Sawndip)
⿰痒含 (Sawndip)
𭼊 (Sawndip)


liemz

liemz (Sawndip forms 𠠟 or 𰄻 or ⿰亷刀 or ⿰刀亷 or 亷, 1957–1982 spelling liemƨ)

𠠟 (Sawndip)
𰄻 (Sawndip)
⿰亷刀 (Sawndip)
⿰刀亷 (Sawndip)
亷 (Sawndip)