bit

head

bit (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 鴓 or 𱈶 or ⿰品鳥, 1957–1982 spelling bit)

duz (classifier)
鴓 (Sawndip)
𱈶 (Sawndip)
⿰品鳥 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *pitᴰ (“duck”). Cognate with Thai เป็ด (bpèt), Lao ເປັດ (pet), Lü ᦵᦔᧆ (ṗed), Tai Dam ꪹꪜꪸꪒ, Shan ပဵတ်း (páet), Ahom 𑜆𑜢𑜄𑜫 (pit), Bouyei bidt, Saek ปิ๊ด. Compare Old Chinese 鴄 (OC *pʰid).

cog

Lü ᦵᦔᧆ (ṗed)


bid

head

bid (Sawndip forms 䖩 or 𧏻, 1957–1982 spelling bid)


nou

nou (Sawndip forms 狃 or 𮮬 or 𧉭, 1957–1982 spelling nou)

From Proto-Tai *ʰnuːᴬ (“mouse; rat”). Cognate with Thai หนู (nǔu), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨶᩪ, Lao ໜູ (nū), Lü ᦐᦴ (ṅuu), Tai Dam ꪘꪴ, Shan ၼူ (nǔu), Saek หนู่.


ma

ma (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 𬌫 or 獁 or 𬍄 or 𰡪 or 䭾 or 庅 or 犸 or 𭸱, 1957–1982 spelling ma)

duz (classifier)
𬌫 (Sawndip)
獁 (Sawndip)
𬍄 (Sawndip)
𰡪 (Sawndip)
䭾 (Sawndip)
庅 (Sawndip)
犸 (Sawndip)
𭸱 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“dog”). Cognate with
Thai หมา (mǎa),
Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩣ,
Lao ໝາ (mā),
Lü ᦖᦱ (ṁaa),
Tai Dam ꪢꪱ,
Shan မႃ (mǎa),
Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥴ (máa),
Aiton မႃ (mā),
Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma),
Saek หม่า.


ma

ma (Sawndip forms 庲 or ⿸广末 or 么 or 麻 or ⿸广处 or 𮜃 or ⿰么馬 or ⿰㐅馬 or 𫹞 or 駡, 1957–1982 spelling ma)

庲 (Sawndip)
⿸广末 (Sawndip)
么 (Sawndip)
麻 (Sawndip)
⿸广处 (Sawndip)
𮜃 (Sawndip)
⿰么馬 (Sawndip)
⿰㐅馬 (Sawndip)
𫹞 (Sawndip)
駡 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmaːᴬ (“to come”). Cognate with
Thai มา (maa),
Northern Thai ᨾᩣ (ma),
Lao ມາ (mā),
Lü ᦙᦱ (maa),
Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥰ (mäa),
Shan မႃး (máa),
Aiton မႃ (mā),
Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma) or
𑜉𑜡 (mā) or
𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa).


nag

nag (Sawndip forms 𤜽 or 纳 or 𭸐 or 𭸢 or 那, 1957–1982 spelling nag)

𤜽 (Sawndip)
纳 (Sawndip)
𭸐 (Sawndip)
𭸢 (Sawndip)
那 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *naːkᴰ (“otter”). Cognate with Thai นาก (nâak), Lao ນາກ (nāk), Tai Dam ꪙꪱꪀ, Tày nạc, Ahom 𑜃𑜀𑜫 (nak).


moz

moz (Sawndip forms 𭷱 or 磨 or 𬌫 or 獏, 1957–1982 spelling moƨ)

𭷱 (Sawndip)
磨 (Sawndip)
𬌫 (Sawndip)
獏 (Sawndip)


max

max (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 馬 or 马 or 獁 or 𮜃, 1957–1982 spelling maч)

duz (classifier)
馬 (Sawndip)
马 (Sawndip)
獁 (Sawndip)
𮜃 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Thai ม้า (máa), Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa).


ien

ien (classifier go, 1957–1982 spelling ien)

ien (classifier ci, 1957–1982 spelling ien)


hing

hing (Sawndip form 䒡, 1957–1982 spelling hiŋ)

From Proto-Tai *χiːŋᴬ (“ginger”). Cognate with Thai ขิง (kǐng), Lao ຂີງ (khīng), Lü ᦃᦲᧂ (ẋiing), Tai Dam ꪄꪲꪉ, Shan ၶိင် (khǐng), Ahom 𑜁𑜢𑜂𑜫 (khiṅ), Bouyei hingl. Compare Middle Chinese 薑 (MC kjang, “ginger”).


mou

mou (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 𭸘 or 𭸙 or 𤝖 or 某 or 𭸲, 1957–1982 spelling mou)

duz (classifier)
𭸘 (Sawndip)
𭸙 (Sawndip)
𤝖 (Sawndip)
某 (Sawndip)
𭸲 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmuːᴬ (“pig”). Cognate with Thai หมู (mǔu), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩪ, Lao ໝູ (mū), Lü ᦖᦴ (ṁuu), Tai Dam ꪢꪴ, Tai Nüa ᥛᥧᥴ (mú), Shan မူ (mǔu), Ahom 𑜉𑜥 (mū), Bouyei mul, Nong Zhuang mu, Saek หมู่.


mui

mui (Sawndip forms 𤞦 or 𪻄, 1957–1982 spelling mui)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmwɯjᴬ (“bear”). Cognate with Thai หมี (mǐi), Northern Thai ᩉ᩠ᨾᩦ, Lao ໝີ (mī), Lü ᦖᦲ (ṁii), Tai Dam ꪢꪲ, Shan မီ (mǐi), Ahom 𑜉𑜣 (mī), Nong Zhuang mue, Bouyei moil. Compare Old Chinese 羋 (OC *meʔ).


bya

bya (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 䰾 or 𮫻 or 𱆦 or ⿰氵岜 or 𩵒 or 蚆 or 𣲩, 1957–1982 spelling bya)

duz (classifier)
䰾 (Sawndip)
𮫻 (Sawndip)
𱆦 (Sawndip)
⿰氵岜 (Sawndip)
𩵒 (Sawndip)
蚆 (Sawndip)
𣲩 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *plaːᴬ (“fish”).
Cognate with Thai ปลา (bplaa), Northern Thai ᨸᩖᩣ, Isan ปา, Lao ປາ (pā), Lü ᦔᦱ (ṗaa), Tai Dam ꪜꪱ, Shan ပႃ (pǎa), Tai Nüa ᥙᥣ (paa), Ahom 𑜆𑜠 (pa) or 𑜆𑜡 (pā), Bouyei byal, Saek ปร๋า.
Compare Proto-Hlai *hlaː (“fish”) (whence ɗaː¹ ~ ɬaː¹ across different lects), Lakkia phla⁵¹, Proto-Be *ɓaːᴬ¹ (whence ɓa¹ in modern lects).

haj duz bya


linh

linh (Sawndip forms 獜 or 狑 or 粦 or 鱗 or 𭸓 or 𤞼, 1957–1982 spelling linƅ)

獜 (Sawndip)
狑 (Sawndip)
粦 (Sawndip)
鱗 (Sawndip)
𭸓 (Sawndip)
𤞼 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *lilᴮ (“pangolin”). Cognate with Thai ลิ่น (lîn).


ronghrib

ronghrib (Sawndip form 𭀴𧉼, 1957–1982 spelling roŋƅrib)

/ɣoːŋ˧ ɣip˧/


meuz

Onomatopoeic, from the animal's cry. Compare Chinese 貓 (MC mjew|maew), Ahom 𑜈𑜢𑜈𑜫 (biw), Bouyei myaus, Thai แมว (mɛɛo), Northern Thai ᨾᩯ᩠ᩅ (maew), Lao ແມວ (mǣu), Lü ᦶᦙᧁ (maew), Shan မႅဝ်း (méao), Vietnamese mèo.


vaiz

vaiz (Sawndip forms 𤘢 or 𤜄 or 犩 or 𤘹, 1957–1982 spelling vaiƨ)

𤘢 (Sawndip)
𤜄 (Sawndip)
犩 (Sawndip)
𤘹 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ɣwaːjᴬ (“water buffalo”). Cognate with Thai ควาย (kwaai), Northern Thai ᨤ᩠ᩅᩣ᩠ᨿ, Lao ຄວາຍ (khuāi), Lü ᦩᦻ (xwaay), Tai Dam ꪁꪫꪱꪥ, Tai Nüa ᥑᥣᥭᥰ (xäay), Shan ၵႂၢႆး (kwáai), Ahom 𑜁𑜨𑜩 (khoy) or 𑜁𑜩 (khay), Saek ว๊าย.


rwi

rwi (Sawndip forms 𧒽 or 𬠵 or 𰳍 or 螺, 1957–1982 spelling rɯi)

𧒽 (Sawndip)
𬠵 (Sawndip)
𰳍 (Sawndip)
螺 (Sawndip)


gaeq

gaeq (classifier duz, Sawndip forms 䲸 or 盖 or 𱈱, 1957–1982 spelling gəiƽ)

duz (classifier)
䲸 (Sawndip)
盖 (Sawndip)
𱈱 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *kajᴮ (“chicken”). Cognate with Thai ไก่ (gài), Northern Thai ᨠᩱ᩵ (kai), Lao ໄກ່ (kai), Lü ᦺᦂᧈ (k̇ay¹), Tai Dam ꪼꪀ꪿, Shan ၵႆႇ (kài), Tai Nüa ᥐᥭᥱ (kǎy), Aiton ကႝ (kay), Ahom 𑜀𑜩 (kay), Bouyei gais, Saek ไก. Also compare Middle Chinese 雞 (MC kej, “chicken”).

cog

Lü ᦺᦂᧈ (k̇ay¹)


nuem

head

nuem (Sawndip form 蝻, 1957–1982 spelling nuem)

Cognate with Thai เหลือม (lʉ̌ʉam, “python”).


maxlaeuz

maxlaeuz (Sawndip forms 獁𤠑 or 獁𤠋 or 獁留 or 獁騮, 1957–1982 spelling maчləuƨ)

獁𤠑 (Sawndip)
獁𤠋 (Sawndip)
獁留 (Sawndip)
獁騮 (Sawndip)

Compare Cantonese 馬騮／马骝 (maa5 lau1, “monkey”).


lauxbaeghoengz

lauxbaeghoengz (1957–1982 spelling lauчbəghɵŋƨ)

From lauxbaeg (“radish”) + hoengz (“red”), calque from Chinese 紅蘿蔔／红萝卜 (hóngluóbo, “carrot”).


roeg

roeg (Sawndip forms 𮬭 or 𠯿 or 𬟻 or 鵦 or 六, 1957–1982 spelling rɵg)

𮬭 (Sawndip)
𠯿 (Sawndip)
𬟻 (Sawndip)
鵦 (Sawndip)
六 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *C̬.nokᴰ (“bird”). Cognate with Ahom 𑜃𑜤𑜀𑜫 (nuk), Bouyei rog, Lao ນົກ (nok), Lü ᦷᦓᧅ (nok), Northern Thai ᨶᩫ᩠ᨠ (nok), Shan ၼူၵ်ႉ (nṵ̂uk), Tai Dam ꪶꪙꪀ, Thai นก (nók).


goep

goep (Sawndip forms 𮔤 or 𧋉 or 𫊩 or 喼 or 𤞞 or 𰲾 or 蝈, 1957–1982 spelling gɵp)

𮔤 (Sawndip)
𧋉 (Sawndip)
𫊩 (Sawndip)
喼 (Sawndip)
𤞞 (Sawndip)
𰲾 (Sawndip)
蝈 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *kɤpᴰ (“frog”). Cognate with Thai กบ (gòp), Lao ກົບ (kop), Shan ၵူပ်း (kúup), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜆𑜫 (kup), Bouyei gobt, Saek กั๊บ.

frog (especially one that is large and edible)


lingz

lingz (Sawndip forms 𬌴 or 狑, 1957–1982 spelling liŋƨ)

Inherited from Proto-Tai *liːŋᴬ (“monkey”). Cognate with Thai ลิง (ling), Northern Thai ᩃᩥ᩠ᨦ, Khün ᩃᩥ᩠ᨦ, Lao ລີງ (līng), Lü ᦟᦲᧂ (liing), Tai Dam ꪩꪲꪉ, Tai Dón ꪩꪲꪉ, Shan လိင်း (líng), Tai Nüa ᥘᥤᥒᥰ (lïng), Khamti လိင်း, Phake လိင် (liṅ), Ahom 𑜎𑜢𑜂𑜫 (liṅ), Bouyei lingz, Saek ลิ๊ง.


lingz

head

lingz (Sawndip form 𭝋, 1957–1982 spelling liŋƨ)

ngeih cib lingz bi


daekmax

From daek (“grasshopper”) + max (“horse”). Cognate with Bouyei dagtmax (“praying mantis”). Compare Chinese 天馬／天马 (tiānmǎ).

zh-l

天馬／天马 (tiānmǎ)


maxlangzgangz

head

maxlangzgangz (1957–1982 spelling maчlaŋƨgaŋƨ)

/ma˦˨ laːŋ˧˩ kaːŋ˧˩/

Compare Cantonese 馬螂狂 /马螂狂 (maa⁵ long⁴ kong⁴).


maknganx

/maːk˧˥ ŋaːn˦˨/

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Chinese 眼 (MC ngeanX, “eye”).


ngwz

ngwz (Sawndip forms 蚅 or 𫋍 or 𧈭, 1957–1982 spelling ŋɯƨ)

From Proto-Tai *ŋwɯːᴬ (“snake”). Cognate with Thai งู (nguu), Northern Thai ᨦᩪ, Lao ງູ (ngū), Lü ᦇᦴ (nguu), Tai Dam ꪉꪴ, Shan ငူး (ngúu), Tai Nüa ᥒᥧᥰ (ngü), Ahom 𑜂𑜥 (ṅū), Bouyei ngeaz, Nong Zhuang nguz, Saek งั๊ว.


haeux

haeux (Sawndip forms 𬖙 or 𬖦 or 糇 or 后 or 厚, 1957–1982 spelling həuч)

𬖙 (Sawndip)
𬖦 (Sawndip)
糇 (Sawndip)
后 (Sawndip)
厚 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *C̬.qawꟲ (“rice”), from Austroasiatic; compare Proto-Mon-Khmer *rk[aw]ʔ (“husked rice”). Cognate with Thai ข้าว (kâao), Northern Thai ᨡᩮᩢ᩶ᩣ, Lao ເຂົ້າ (khao), Lü ᦃᧁᧉ (ẋaw²), Tai Dam ꪹꪄ꫁ꪱ, Shan ၶဝ်ႈ (khāo), Phake ၵွ် (khaw), Ahom 𑜁𑜧 (khaw), 𑜁𑜨𑜧 (khow) or 𑜁𑜧𑜈𑜫 (khaww), Saek เกฺา.

cog

Lü ᦃᧁᧉ (ẋaw²)


laehcei

head

laehcei (classifier go, Sawndip forms 荲枝 or 梨树, 1957–1982 spelling ləiƅcei)

laehcei (Sawndip forms 荲枝 or 梨树, 1957–1982 spelling ləiƅcei)

go (classifier)
荲枝 (Sawndip)
梨树 (Sawndip)
荲枝 (Sawndip)
梨树 (Sawndip)


makmanghgoj

makmanghgoj (1957–1982 spelling makmaŋƅgoз)

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Mandarin 芒果 (mángguǒ).


bohloz

zh-l

菠蘿／菠萝 (bōluó)


vumzvauz

/βum˧˩ βaːu˧˩/

The second syllable is cognate with Bouyei waauz (“bat”).


cwz

head

cwz (Sawndip forms 𤙛 or 狳 or 𭷽 or ⿰牛取 or 𤚉 or ⿰牛則 or ⿰牛出 or ⿰牛徐 or 𭸭, 1957–1982 spelling cɯƨ)

𤙛 (Sawndip)
狳 (Sawndip)
𭷽 (Sawndip)
⿰牛取 (Sawndip)
𤚉 (Sawndip)
⿰牛則 (Sawndip)
⿰牛出 (Sawndip)
⿰牛徐 (Sawndip)
𭸭 (Sawndip)


faiq

faiq (Sawndip forms 𫟌 or 歪 or 𣖋, 1957–1982 spelling faiƽ)

Cognate with Thai ฝ้าย (fâai), Lao ຝ້າຍ (fāi), Northern Thai ᨺ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨿ, Lü ᦚᦻᧉ (ḟaay²), Tày phải, Bouyei waais.

cog

Lü ᦚᦻᧉ (ḟaay²)


ciengh

head

ciengh (Sawndip form 𤡸, 1957–1982 spelling cieŋƅ)

From Chinese 象 (MC zjangX, “elephant”). Cognate with Proto-Tai *ɟaːŋꟲ (“elephant”), whence Thai ช้าง (cháang), Northern Thai ᨩ᩶ᩣ᩠ᨦ, Isan ซ่าง, Lao ຊ້າງ (sāng), Lü ᦋᦱᧂᧉ (tsaang²), Tai Dam ꪋ꫁ꪱꪉ, Shan ၸၢင်ႉ (tsâ̰ang), Tai Nüa ᥓᥣᥒᥳ (tsȧang), Ahom 𑜋𑜂𑜫 (chaṅ), Saek ซาง.


ciengh

ciengh (Sawndip form 掁, 1957–1982 spelling cieŋƅ)

zhang (a unit of length equivalent to 3+¹⁄₃ metres)


hanq

From Proto-Tai *haːnᴮ (“goose”). Cognate with Thai ห่าน (hàan), Lao ຫ່ານ (hān), Shan ႁၢၼ်ႇ (hàan), Ahom 𑜑𑜃𑜫 (han). Compare Middle Chinese 雁 (MC ngaenH, “wild goose”), Proto-Mon-Khmer *haan (“goose”), Proto-Khmuic *haːn (“goose”).


roegga

roegga (Sawndip form 𮬭𱈡, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgga)

From roeg (“bird”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *kaːᴬ (“crow”). The second part is cognate with Thai กา (gaa), Lao ກາ (kā), Lü ᦂᦱ (k̇aa), Shan ၵႃ (kǎa), Tai Nüa ᥐᥣ (kaa), Tày ca.


makbinzgoj

makbinzgoj (1957–1982 spelling makbinƨgoз)

From mak (“fruit”) + Mandarin 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). Compare Lue ᦖᦱᧅᦘᦲᧃᧉᦷᦅ (ṁaakphiin²ko).


maet

maet (Sawndip forms 𮓲 or 乜 or 蝞 or 𬟼, 1957–1982 spelling mət)

𮓲 (Sawndip)
乜 (Sawndip)
蝞 (Sawndip)
𬟼 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰmatᴰ (“flea”). Cognate with Thai หมัด (màt), Lao ໝັດ (mat), Tai Dam ꪢꪰꪒ, Shan မတ်း (mát), Ahom 𑜉𑜄𑜫 (mat).


maet

maet (Sawndip forms 𭴂 or 㶬, 1957–1982 spelling mət)


gyoij

gyoij (Sawndip forms 𭀐 or 楷 or 蒮, 1957–1982 spelling gyoiз)

From Proto-Tai *kluəjꟲ (“banana”). Cognate with Thai กล้วย (glûai), Northern Thai ᨠᩖ᩠ᩅ᩠᩶ᨿ or ᨠ᩠ᩃ᩠ᩅ᩠᩶ᨿ, Lao ກ້ວຍ (kuāi), Lü ᦂᦽᧉ (k̇oy²), Tai Dam ꪀ꫁ꪺꪥ, Shan ၵူၺ်ႈ (kōi), Ahom 𑜀𑜤𑜐𑜫 (kuñ), Bouyei joic.

cog

Lü ᦂᦽᧉ (k̇oy²)


nengz

From Proto-Tai *m.leːŋᴬ (“insect”). Cognate with Thai แมลง (má-lɛɛng), Tai Nüa ᥛᥦᥒᥰ (mäeng).


duzciengh

/tu˧˩ ɕiːŋ˧/


majlingzsuz

head

majlingzsuz (1957–1982 spelling maзliŋƨsuƨ)

/ma˥ liŋ˧˩ θu˧˩/

zh-l

馬鈴薯／马铃薯 (mǎlíngshǔ)


manaez

head

manaez (Sawndip form 𬌫狔, 1957–1982 spelling manəiƨ)

From ma (“dog”) + a morpheme derived from Proto-Tai *nwajᴬ (“jackal”).


makmaenj

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *manꟲ (“plum”). Cognate with Lao ໝາກໝັ້ນ (māk man).


gieng

gieng (Sawndip forms 𫈯 or ⿰羊𦍑, 1957–1982 spelling gieŋ)


noucoengz

/nou˨˦ ɕoŋ˧˩/

From nou (“mouse”) + a morpheme from Chinese 松 (sōng), a partial calque from Chinese 松鼠 (sōngshǔ).


roeggyaeujmeuz

roeggyaeujmeuz (1957–1982 spelling rɵggyəuзmeuƨ)

From roeg (“bird”) + gyaeuj (“head”) + meuz (“cat”), literally “cat-headed bird”. Compare Mandarin 貓頭鷹／猫头鹰 (māotóuyīng, “owl”, literally “cat-headed eagle”).


duzmbangq

/tu˧˩ ɓaːŋ˧˥/

From duz- + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *baːŋᴮ (“flying squirrel”).


maxloeg

From max (“horse”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鹿 (MC luwk, “deer”).


gaeqhangh

From gaeq (“chicken”) + hangh (“(of a chicken hen) not having yet laid eggs”). Compare Cantonese 雞項 /鸡项 (gai¹ hong⁶⁻²).


roegenq

/ɣok˧ ʔeːn˧˥/

From roeg (“bird”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *ʔeːnᴮ (“swallow”). The second component is cognate with Thai แอ่น (ɛ̀n), Lao ແອ່ນ (ʼǣn), Shan ဢႅၼ်ႇ (ʼèn); also compare Middle Chinese 燕 (MC 'enH, “swallow”).

cog

Lao ແອ່ນ (ʼǣn)

Shan ဢႅၼ်ႇ (ʼèn)


nyaen

head

nyaen (Sawndip forms 𭸑 or 𤠶 or 𤝱 or 𰡒 or ⿰犭印 or ⿰犭⿱里⿰里里 or ⿰犭永 or 𬍅, 1957–1982 spelling nyən)

𭸑 (Sawndip)
𤠶 (Sawndip)
𤝱 (Sawndip)
𰡒 (Sawndip)
⿰犭印 (Sawndip)
⿰犭⿱里⿰里里 (Sawndip)
⿰犭永 (Sawndip)
𬍅 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰɲelᴬ (“civet”). Cognate with Thai อีเห็น (ii-hěn).


makbug

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *buːkᴰ (“pomelo”).


guk

guk (Sawndip forms 𮓧 or 𧋉 or 䗂 or 𰲥 or 谷 or 𤞞 or ⿺虎骨 or ⿰犭哭 or 狢 or ⿱曲几, 1957–1982 spelling guk)

𮓧 (Sawndip)
𧋉 (Sawndip)
䗂 (Sawndip)
𰲥 (Sawndip)
谷 (Sawndip)
𤞞 (Sawndip)
⿺虎骨 (Sawndip)
⿰犭哭 (Sawndip)
狢 (Sawndip)
⿱曲几 (Sawndip)


byaeklinzgaeq

byaeklinzgaeq (1957–1982 spelling byəklinƨgəiƽ)


golinzgaeq

golinzgaeq (1957–1982 spelling golinƨgəiƽ)

dandelion (a plant in the genus Taraxacum)


yangzcoeng

/jaːŋ˧˩ ɕoŋ˨˦/


maenzgat

yam bean; jicama (Pachyrhizus erosus, plant or root)


gyoijhom

From gyoij (“banana (general term)”) + hom (“fragrant”). Compare Mandarin 香蕉 (xiāngjiāo).


roegdingfaex

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roegdingfaex (1957–1982 spelling rɵgdiŋfəiч)

From roeg (“bird”) + ding (“to nail”) + faex (“tree; wood”).


gva

From Chinese 瓜 (MC kwae, “gourd; melon; squash”). Cognate with Bouyei gval (“gourd; pumpkin”).


gva

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gva (Sawndip forms 鈲 or 瓜, 1957–1982 spelling gva)


lwggva

From lwg- + gva (“gourd; melon; squash”). Cognate with Bouyei leggval (“pumpkin”).


lwgbieng

lwgbieng (classifier aen, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgbieŋ)

/lɯk˧ piːŋ˨˦/

From lwg- + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *p.rweːŋᴬ (“cucumber”).


makningzmungx

makningzmungx (1957–1982 spelling makniŋƨmuŋч)

/maːk˧˥ niŋ˧˩ muŋ˦˨/

From mak (“fruit”) + a morpheme from Chinese 檸檬／柠檬 (níngméng).


mounoh

mounoh (classifier duz, 1957–1982 spelling mounoƅ)


roegam

/ɣok˧ ʔaːm˨˦/


roeggumj

roeggumj (Sawndip form 𮬭鳹, 1957–1982 spelling rɵggumз)


roeglaej

roeglaej (Sawndip form 𮬭𮭒, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgləiз)

From roeg (“bird”) + laej (“sparrow”). Cognate with Bouyei roglaic.


beghag

Grus leucogeranus
Grus leucogeranus#Translingual


roegbeghag

roegbeghag (1957–1982 spelling rɵgbeghag)

From roeg (“bird”) + beghag (“crane”), from Chinese 白鶴 (MC baek hak).

Siberian crane (Leucogeranus leucogeranus)


roegbit

From roeg (“bird”) + bit (“duck”). Cognate with Bouyei rogbidt.


roeggungjcoz

roeggungjcoz (1957–1982 spelling rɵgguŋзcoƨ)

/ɣok˧ kuŋ˥ ɕo˧˩/

From roeg (“bird”) + gungjcoz (“peacock”), the latter from Mandarin 孔雀 (kǒngquè).


beuq

beuq (Sawndip forms 𰡜 or 𤡑 or ⿰犭報 or 狍 or 犳, 1957–1982 spelling beuƽ)

𰡜 (Sawndip)
𤡑 (Sawndip)
⿰犭報 (Sawndip)
狍 (Sawndip)
犳 (Sawndip)


roegraeu

roegraeu (Sawndip form 𮬭𱈲, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgrəu)

From roeg (“bird”) + raeu (“turtle dove”). Cognate with Bouyei rograul.


makbingzgoj

makbingzgoj (1957–1982 spelling makbiŋƨgoз)

From mak (“fruit”) + Mandarin 蘋果／苹果 (píngguǒ, “apple”). Compare Lue ᦖᦱᧅᦘᦲᧃᧉᦷᦅ (ṁaakphiin²ko).


roegdoxgap

roegdoxgap (1957–1982 spelling rɵgdoчgap)

From roeg (“bird”) + [Term?] + morpheme from Chinese 鴿 (MC kop, “dove”).


roeggae

From roeg (“bird”) + a morpheme from Chinese 雞 (MC kej).


gvi

gvi (Sawndip form ⿰失見, 1957–1982 spelling gvi)


roeggacak

roeggacak (Sawndip form 𮬭𱈡𪀣, 1957–1982 spelling rɵggacak)

/ɣok˧ ka˨˦ ɕaːk˧˥/

From roeg (“bird”) + ga (“crow; raven”) + morpheme from Chinese 鵲 (MC tshjak).


nengznyaen

nengznyaen (1957–1982 spelling neŋƨnyən)

/neːŋ˧˩ ɲan˨˦/


biqrengh

/pi˧˥ ɣeːŋ˧/


dinz

From Proto-Tai *b.twiːlᴬ (“wasp”). Cognate with Thai แตน (dtɛɛn), Bouyei dinz.


faeqfwj

(dialectal, including Wuming) bat (animal)


doq

doq (Sawndip forms 𰡠 or 𤟛 or 土, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)


doq

doq (Sawndip forms 𰇳 or 度 or 哆, 1957–1982 spelling doƽ)


roegfek

roegfek (Sawndip form 𮬭𪀢, 1957–1982 spelling rɵgfek)


raeu

From Proto-Tai *trawᴬ (“head louse”). Cognate with Thai เหา (hǎo), Northern Thai ᩉᩮᩢᩣ, Lao ເຫົາ (hao), Lü ᦠᧁ (ḣaw), Tai Dam ꪹꪬꪱ, Shan ႁဝ် (hǎo), Saek เหร่า.


gaeqmeh

From gaeq (“chicken”) + meh (“mother; female”).


byalae

Monopterus albus
Monopterus albus#Translingual


fw

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fw (Sawndip forms 魩 or 鮄 or 𧒀 or 魮 or 𩶆 or 鮅 or 𱆬 or ⿱非魚 or ⿰魚云 or ⿰𧾷魚, 1957–1982 spelling fɯ)

魩 (Sawndip)
鮄 (Sawndip)
𧒀 (Sawndip)
魮 (Sawndip)
𩶆 (Sawndip)
鮅 (Sawndip)
𱆬 (Sawndip)
⿱非魚 (Sawndip)
⿰魚云 (Sawndip)
⿰𧾷魚 (Sawndip)

From Proto-Tai *ʰwɯəᴬ (“water tortoise”). Cognate with Shan ပႃၽႃ (pǎa phǎa), Nong Zhuang pa.


byaleix

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯉 (MC liX).


gaeqseng

/kai˧˥ θeːŋ˨˦/


gvej

gvej (Sawndip forms 𭄖 or 𰅁 or ⿰釒寡 or ⿰刀寡 or 刵 or 𱔣 or ⿰入割, 1957–1982 spelling gveз)

𭄖 (Sawndip)
𰅁 (Sawndip)
⿰釒寡 (Sawndip)
⿰刀寡 (Sawndip)
刵 (Sawndip)
𱔣 (Sawndip)
⿰入割 (Sawndip)


byagaq

Chinese perch; mandarin fish (Siniperca chuatsi)


byalingz

/pʲa˨˦ liŋ˧˩/

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯪 (MC ling).


byaraiz

/pʲa˨˦ ɣaːi˧˩/


byavanx

/pʲa˨˦ βaːn˦˨/

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯇 (MC hwaenX).

Ctenopharyngodon idella
Ctenopharyngodon idella


bya'ndoek

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Proto-Tai *C̥.dokᴰ (“catfish”).


byacaek

From bya (“fish”) + a morpheme from Chinese 鯽 (MC tsjek|tsik).


coeng

coeng (Sawndip forms 𣮤 or 综 or 𰚠, 1957–1982 spelling cɵŋ)


ngwzdoeg

From ngwz (“snake”) + doeg (“poison; venom”).


gvehoengz

/kʷe˨˦ hoŋ˧˩/


haeuxyangz

haeuxyangz (classifier faek, Sawndip form 𬖙⿰米羊, 1957–1982 spelling həuчyaŋƨ)

From haeux (“rice”) + yangz, a morpheme from Chinese, often thought to be from 洋 (MC yang, “foreign”), though Wei (2018) suggests that it is more likely from 皇 (MC hwang, “imperial”) instead. Cognate with Bouyei hauxyaangz (“sorghum”).

Raeuz aeu geiq / Seizneix ndaem haeuxyangz

2021, Yang Yang, quoting He Jian Shui, Meta-functional Equivalent Translation of Chinese Folk Song: Intercultural Communication of Zhuang Ethnic Minority as an Example, Zhejiang University Press, →DOI, →ISBN, page 4:


duzyiuh

From duz- + yiuh (“Eurasian sparrowhawk”).

Eurasian sparrowhawk
Eurasian sparrowhawk


yiuh

yiuh (Sawndip forms 䴃 or 𰃥 or ⿰鷹校 or 摇 or 鴁, 1957–1982 spelling yiuƅ)

䴃 (Sawndip)
𰃥 (Sawndip)
⿰鷹校 (Sawndip)
摇 (Sawndip)
鴁 (Sawndip)


romh

romh (Sawndip forms 𭥪 or 洸 or 𭧓, 1957–1982 spelling romƅ)


loeghozraez

loeghozraez (1957–1982 spelling lɵghoƨrəiƨ)

From loeg (“deer”) + hoz (“neck”) + raez (“long”).


madwknyaen

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madwknyaen (classifier duz, 1957–1982 spelling madɯknyən)


roegyaemyieng

roegyaemyieng (1957–1982 spelling rɵgyəimyieŋ)

From roeg (“bird”) + Chinese 鴛鴦 (MC 'jwon 'jang).


gingoz

zh-l

企鵝／企鹅 (qǐ'é)


byaekginghbwz

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byaekginghbwz (1957–1982 spelling byəkgiŋƅbɯƨ)

Partial calque from Chinese 京白菜 (jīngbáicài).


lwgcid

lwgcid (Sawndip form 𭒹荠, 1957–1982 spelling lɯgcid)

From lwg- (“prefix in names of fruits”) + cid (“water chestnut”).


duzcoengmax

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duzcoengmax (1957–1982 spelling duƨcɵŋmaч)

/tu˧˩ ɕoŋ˨˦ ma˦˨/

From duz- (“prefix”) + coengmax. Compare Chinese 馬鬃蛇／马鬃蛇.

oriental garden lizard (Calotes versicolor)


haeuxdaeq

haeuxdaeq (Sawndip form 后帝, 1957–1982 spelling həuчdəiƽ)

From haeux (“rice”) + a morpheme from Chinese 帝 (MC tejH, “emperor”). Cognate with Bouyei hauxdais (“corn; maize”).

后帝不到分

2022, David Holm, Meng Yuanyao, editors, The Brigands' Song: Serving in the Army of A Native Chieftain, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 97, 206:


haeuxcid

haeuxcid (Sawndip form 𬖙𮇑, 1957–1982 spelling həuчcid)

Duhhenj siu foeg bouj dungxsaej, haeuxcid bouj mamx gyaep liengzhaw.

2017, Zhou Yanxian, editor, Two Thousand Zhuang Proverbs from China with Annotations and Chinese and English Translation, New York: Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 114:

Beans can reduce swelling and nourish five organs, sticky rice can nurture spleen and keep one’s body warm.


duhheu

Lauxbaeg vaq myaiz siu heiqraeng, duhheu gaij ngunh dwg ceiq ndei.

2017, Zhou Yanxian, editor, Two Thousand Zhuang Proverbs from China with Annotations and Chinese and English Translation, New York: Peter Lang, →ISBN, page 121:

Radishes help to reduce phlegm and flatulence, mung beans work best to clear away summer heat.


duhnamh

From duh (“bean”) + namh (“soil; earth”).


duhhoengz

Vigna umbellata
Vigna umbellata#Translingual


duhdoem

From duh (“bean”) + doem (“soil; earth”).