name

wi vengem o' core t'gie oure zense o' ye gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name;

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 6-7:

to pour forth from the strength of our hearts, our sense of the qualities which characterise your name,

wee hert ee zough o'ye colure o' pace na name o' Mulgrave.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 8-9:

we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave.


kun

Borrowed from Irish cun (“stoutness, thickness”).

bor+

A masculine, forward woman, a brazen face.


het

From Middle English hette, from Old English hǣtu.


die

dais (plural)
dei (alternative)
dey (alternative)
daie (alternative)

From Middle English day, from Old English dæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *dag.

Leiough ut ee die.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 52:

Dhicka die fan ich want to a mile.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:

Mot earch oan to aar die. Ich mosth kotch a bat.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:

But every one to his day. I must catch the bat.

Shoo zent him o' die.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 108:

Shoo zent him anoor die a gozleen to keep;

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 108:

She sent him another day the goslings to keep;


een

From Middle English eend, from Old English ende, from Proto-West Germanic *andī.

Ill een.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 37:


man

From Middle English man, from Old English mann, from Proto-West Germanic *mann.

Coordinate term: mawen

He at nouth fade t'zey, llean vetch ee man,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

He that knows what to say, mischief fetch the man,

Zoo wough kisth, an wough parthet; earch man took his laave;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

So we kissed and we parted, each man took his leave;

Zimaan Haay is a wicked man,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:


crap

From Middle English crap, from Old French crappe.

Part of a faggot or bush, withered furze, cut, but not made into faggots.


welcome

Mye thee friend ne're waant welcome, nor straayart comfoort.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

May thy friend ne'er want welcome, nor the stranger comfort.


drink

From Middle English drinken, from Old English drincan, from Proto-West Germanic *drinkan.

Tibbès an crockès wee drink war ee-felt.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:

[Tubs and crocks were filled with drink.]


bunk

Probably onomatopoeic or perhaps related to Middle English *bumpe (“bump”), perhaps via a diminutive *bunke, *bumpke.


king

Earch myde was a queen, an earch bye was a king;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

Each maid was a queen, and each boy was a king;


queen

From Middle English quene, from Old English cwēn, from Proto-West Germanic *kwāni.


been

From Middle English bee, from Old English bēo, from Proto-Germanic *bijō.

A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:

Lickweese mee been deeth in aar heeve.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:


tick

One of these maids was bringing to market a tick (a kid)

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX, page 130:


thick

Themost wi egges an heimost wi thick,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 3:

Thick besom fighed a spagh wi kick an a blaake,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 5:

The kid angry gave a struggle, with a kick and a bleat,

Thou liest valse co secun that thou an ye thick

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 14:

You lie false, said the second, that you and your kid,


car

From Middle English carre, from Anglo-Norman carre, from Latin carra.

An awi gome her egges wi a wheel an car taape,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 6:

And away went her eggs, with the car overset.


wing

From Middle English winge, wenge, from Old Norse vængr.

Vour-wing leet.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


haar

From Middle English haar, from Old English hara, from Proto-West Germanic *hasō.

Van a vierd durst a bargher an a haar galshied too,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 10:

When a weasel crossed the road, and a hare gazed at me too,


haar

From Middle English hare, from Old English hǣr, from Proto-West Germanic *hār.

Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches o tar?"

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 10:

"All hair, and with eyes like torches of tar,"


bat

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:


cry

An hea zet up a pouingaan an a cry.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 108:


bran

From Middle English bran, from Old French bran, bren, from Gaulish brennos.

Aar was a gooude puddeen maate o bran.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:


mouth

Oore hart cam' t' oore mouth, an zo w' all ee green;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

Our hearts came to our mouth, and so with all in the green;


heel

From Middle English hele, from Old English hēla, from Proto-West Germanic *hą̄hilō.

Wi spur upa heel hay gaed him a goad,

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 7:

With a spur on his heel, he gave him a goad,


while

From Middle English whyle, from Old English hwīl, from Proto-West Germanic *hwīlu.

A while agone.

Yn ercha an aul o' while yt beeth wi gleezom o' core th' oure eyen dwytheth apan ye Vigere o'dicke Zouvereine, Wilyame ee Vourthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 9-11:

In each and every condition it is with joy of heart that our eyes rest upon the representative of that Sovereign, William IV.,


breed

From Middle English bræd, from Old English brēad, from Proto-Germanic *braudą. Cognates include English bread and Scots breid.

Thar was bacoon and gubbages, breed and kippeens,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

There was bacon and cabbages, bread and kippins,


dug

From Middle English dogge, from Old English docga.

Dinna thar a dug.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 71:


met

Coome to thee met.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 31:

Zed met.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 81:

Raree met in plathearès, ee-zet in a rooe,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

There was choice meat in platters, set in a row,


sheep

Wourlok'd an anooree, lick lhuskès o' sheep.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:

Tumbled on one-another, like flocks of sheep.


leet

From Middle English lete, from Old English ġelēte.

Vour-wing leet.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 78:


coat

Mee coat is ee-runt.


ring

From Middle English ryng, from Old English hring, from Proto-West Germanic *hring.

A peepeare struck ap; wough dansth aul in a ring;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

The piper struck up, we danced all in a ring,


set

Houghany set.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


wake

From Middle English wake, from Old English wacu.

ye wake o'hopes ee-blighte, stampe na yer zwae be rare an lightzom.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 2-4:

the consequence of disappointed hopes, confirms your rule to be rare and enlightened.


wore

From Middle English wōre, from Old English wār, from Proto-West Germanic *wair. Compare Scots ware and Dutch wier.


ball

From Middle English bal, from Old English *beall.

Zitch blakeen, an blayeen, fan ee ball was ee-drowe!

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Such bawling and shouting, when the ball was thrown!

Th' commanès t'rapple; th' ball skir an vlee;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

The ball-clubs they rattled; the ball rose and flew;

Up caame ee ball, an a dap or a kewe

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

Th' ball want a cowlee, the gazb maate all rize;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

The ball o'er shot the goal, the dust rose all about;


ven

From Middle English fen, from Old English fenn, from Proto-West Germanic *fani.


life

Lhaung life to Misteare Reedforth an his vamilee,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:

Long life to Mister Radford and his family;


snow

An neeat wooden trenshoorès var whiter than snow.

And neat wooden trenchers far whiter than snow.


sorry

From Middle English sory, from Old English sāriġ, from Proto-West Germanic *sairag.


barony

YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH.

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132:


state

From Middle English stat, from Old French estat, from Latin status.

Ye state na dicke daie o'ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albiet 'constitutional agitation,'

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 1-2:

The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation,


stroke

From Middle English stroke, from Old English *strāc, from Proto-West Germanic *straik.

A vursth stroke hea strooke

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 108:


loan

F. broan, eeloan, hoan, loan, sthoan, sthroan.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.


kin

Heal, griue, an kin, apaa thee, graacuse Forth,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

Health, wealth, and regard upon thee, gracious Forth,


hart

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:


mond

For unetymological -d, compare sermon, sermond.

Halluf mond.


hey

From Middle English heye, a conflation of Old English heġe (“hedge, fence”) and Old English ġehæġ (“an enclosed piece of land”).

inh

Chourch hey;

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:


bath

From Middle English bat, from Old English batt (“bat, club, cudgel”), probably of Celtic origin.


elf

From Middle English elf, from Old English ielf, from Proto-West Germanic *albi.


mot

From Middle English mọ̄t, from Old English mōt, from Proto-West Germanic *mōtu, from Proto-Germanic *mōtō.


mile

From Middle English mille, from Old English mylen.

Licke a mope an a mile, he gazt ing a mize;

Like a fool in a mill, he looked in amazement;

Dhicka die fan ich want to a mile.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:


tar

From Middle English tar, from Old English teoru, from Proto-West Germanic *teru.

Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches o tar?"

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 10:

"All hair, and with eyes like torches of tar,"


pint

From Middle English pont, from Old French point, puint, pont. Cognate with English p'int.


vier

From Middle English veir (“squirrel fur”, rarely "weasel"), from Old French vair, from Latin varius (“variegated”).


well

From Middle English welle, from Old English wielle.

An Brogeen ee-dreut in a well o Caam Stone.

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland, page 130

And 'Brogeen' drowned in the well of Camstone.


lief

From Middle English lyf, from Old English līf, from Proto-West Germanic *līb.


will

Ich aam goan maake mee will.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:


chi

A chi of barach.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


sel

From Middle English sele, from Old English seolh, from Proto-West Germanic *selh.


score

From Middle English score, from Old English scoru.

An aar was a hundereth lauckeen vowre score.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

And there was a hundred, lacking four score;

Aar was Parick o Dearmoth, an dhen score besidh,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

There was Patrick o Deormod, and ten score beside,

Th'ar was a hunnert, lackin a score,

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX, page 130:


nipple

Nipple is a diminutive of nape or neap.

GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY


wheel

From Middle English whel, from Old English hwēol.

An awi gome her egges wi a wheel an car taape,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 6:

And away went her eggs, with the car overset.

But zit ad hime wi vlaxen wheel,

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 6:


mope

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:


brine

From Middle English bryne, from Old English brīne.

Yer name var zetch avancet avare ye, e'en a dicke var hye, arent whilke ye brine o'zea an ye craggès o'noghanes cazed nae balke.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 4-6:

Your fame for such came before you even into this retired spot, to which neither the waters of the sea below nor the mountains above caused any impediment.


brine

F. agyne, amyne, brine, gryne, gry, pyle, ryne.

E. again, amain, brain, grain, gray, pail, rain.


lug

Th' heiftem o' pley vell all ing to lug;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

The weight of the play fell into the hollow;


acte

From Middle English acte, from Old French act, from Latin ācta.

crave na dicke luckie acte t'uck neicher th' Eccellencie,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 4-5:

beg leave at this favourable opportunity to approach your Excellency,


draught

From Middle English draught, draght, from Old English dreaht, *dræht (related to dragan (“to draw, drag”)), from Proto-Germanic *drahtuz.

Many a bra draught by Tommeen was ee-maate;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:


ty

From Middle English tige, from Old English tyge, from Proto-West Germanic *tugi.

Ty o' letch.


beast

From Middle English beeste (“livestock”), from Old French beste, from Latin bestia. Cognate with West English beäst.

Hornta beast.


hen

From Middle English hen, from Old English henn, from Proto-West Germanic *hannju.

Coordinate term: cuck

Hea pryet ich mought na ha chicke or hen,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:

He prayed I might not have chicken nor hen,


chick

From Middle English chike, from Old English ċicen. Cognate with English chick, and Scots schik.


rub

From Middle English ribbe, from Old English ribb, from Proto-West Germanic *ribi.


ken

Ich aam a vat hog it's drue. Aar is ken apan aam.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

I am a fat hog, 'tis true. There is ken upon them.


fout

From Middle English faute, from Anglo-Norman faute, from Vulgar Latin *fallita.

An that was a fout,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 108:


gaat

Wu canna gow bee chapaal gaat,

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 13:


zet

* From Middle English set, from Old English set, from Proto-West Germanic *set (“seat”).
* From Middle English setten, from Old English settan, from Proto-West Germanic *sattjan.


rent

From Middle English rǒnd, from Old French reont, from Latin rotundus.

"Swingale," co the umost, "thou liest well a rent,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 12:

"Swindle," said the other, "you know quite well,


aim

From Middle English ayme, from Old French aesme, esme.

Chote well aar aim was t'yie ouz n'eer a blowe.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

I saw (well) their intent was to give us ne'er a stroke.


boar

From Middle English boor, from Old English bār, from Proto-West Germanic *bair.


rhyme

Duggès an kauddès coome lick up a rhyme,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 108:

Dogs and cats came to lick up the cream.


lone

F. brone, eelone, hone, lone, sthone, sthrone.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.


mead

From Middle English meade, from Old English mǣd. Cognate with West English meäd.


pace

From Middle English pees, from Anglo-Norman peis, from Latin pax.

—t'avance pace an livertie, an, wi'oute vlynch, ee garde o' generale reights an poplare vartue.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 19-21:

to promote peace and liberty—the uncompromising guardian of common right and public virtue.

Ye pace——yea, we mai zei, ye vaste pace whilke bee ee-stent owr ye londe zince th'ast ee-cam,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 21-23:

The peace——yes, we may say the profound peace—which overspreads the land since your arrival,

wee hert ee zough o'ye colure o' pace na name o' Mulgrave.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 8-9:

we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave.


bogey

Borrowed from Irish bógaí. Cognate with English bogie.


blaze

From Middle English blase, from Old English blase, from Proto-West Germanic *blasā.

bleaze (alternative)
blease (alternative)


bane

From Middle English bane, from Old English bān, from Proto-West Germanic *bain, from Proto-Germanic *bainą.


vice

From Middle English voys, from Anglo-Norman voiz, voys, veys, from Latin vōx.


zap

From Middle English soppe, from Old English sopa.


dab

To his sweethearth, an smack lick a dab of a brough.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

To his sweetheart, and smacked like a slap of a shoe.


ess

From Middle English asse, from Old English assa.


pick

From Middle English pikke, from Old English pīc, from Proto-West Germanic *pīk.


portion

From Middle English porcioun, from Old French porcion, from Latin portio.

A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:

The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)

A portion ich gae her was keow an dwanty shilleen.

2005, Jacob Poole Of Growtown - And the Yola Dialect

The dowry I gave her was a cow and twenty shillings.


pile

From Middle English pyle, from Old French pile, from Latin pīla.

A clugercheen gother: all, ing pile an in heep,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:

A crowd gathered up: all, in pile and in heap,


tren

From Middle English tre, from Old English trēow, from Proto-West Germanic *treu.


park

From Middle English park, from Old French parc, from Medieval Latin parricus (“enclosure”).

Tollis Park, or Tullies Park.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

A place in the parish of Kilmanan, Bargy.


patch

From Middle English patche, as if a piece of cloth on the sea.


lass

From Middle English los, from Old English los.


lass

Th' valler w'speen here, th' lass ee chourch-hey.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

The more we spend here, the less in the churchyard.


gentleman

Gentleman Broune,

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX:


hill

Fearnee Hill.


raison

Dinna ishe mee a raison.


yew

From Middle English yew, from Old English īw, ēow, from Proto-West Germanic *īhu.

The portion of the ridge taken by each reaper in harvest.

The same laid in rows for binding into sheaves.


chappy

Derived from Middle English chappen (“to chop”) + -y (“suffix forming noun”)

der+

Food for small children, consisting of roast potatoes, mashed, with butter and milk added.


slut

From Middle English slutte (“sloven, slut”), of unknown origin.

If ich hadh Peeougheen a Buch, Meyleare a Slut, Peedher Ghiel-laaune, an Jackeen Bugaaune,

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 5-6:

If I had Hugh the Buck, Meyler the Sloven, Peter the Smart Man, and John Boggan,


grip

From Middle English gripe (“grip”, rarely "sharp pain"), from Old English gripe, from Proto-West Germanic *gripi, from Proto-Germanic *gripiz.


heal

Heal, griue, an kin, apaa thee, graacuse Forth,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

Health, wealth, and regard upon thee, gracious Forth,


busk

From Middle English bisquyte, from Old French bescuit. Cognate with Scots bisket.

A thick, small cake made of white meal, spiced bread.


hearth

From Middle English herte, harte, from Old English heorte, from Proto-West Germanic *hertā.

Which maate mee hearth as coale as leed.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 102:


wish

From Middle English fisch, from Old English fisċ, from Proto-West Germanic *fisk.


cosh

az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o' Baronie Forthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 10-11:

as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth,

alternative form of coshes (“conscience”)


cress

From Middle English creiz, from Old French crois, from Latin crux, crucem.

'choo'd drieve aam aul awye to Kie o' Cress Farnogue, an maake aam cry, 'Rotheda Palloake !' "

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 7-8:

I would drive them all away to the quay of Cross Farnogue, and make them cry, 'Rotten Palluck !' "


dais

Wee dwyth ye ane fose dais be gien var ee gudevare o'ye londe ye zwae,

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 114

We behold in you one whose days are devoted to the welfare of the land you govern,


dey

Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.

I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.

Fad didn'st thou cum t' ouz on zum other dey?

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX, page 131:

[Why didn't you come to us on some other day?]


dole

From Middle English dol, dal, from Old English dāl, from Proto-Germanic *dailą.

A big dole.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 36:

Aar's a dole o' sneow apa greound to-die.

1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:

There is a deal of snow upon the ground to-day.


dole

From Middle English dole (“grief”), from Old French doel (compare French deuil), from Late Latin dolus, from Latin doleo.


eft

From Middle English efte, from Old English efete.


fletch

The portion of straw inserted each time by the thatcher.


hap

From Middle English hap, from Old Norse happ.

Th' hap, an ee ferde, an ee crie, was Tommeen.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

The chance, and the fear, and the cry, was Tommeen.


hone

F. brone, eelone, hone, lone, sthone, sthrone.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.

Wathere proceeds to tell that the game was ”was jist ing our hone“

Walter proceeds to tell that the game was ”was just in our hand”


nape

Nipple is a diminutive of nape or neap.

GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY


neap

Nipple is a diminutive of nape or neap.


whet

From Middle English whet, from Old English hwǣte, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaitī.


core

wi vengem o' core t'gie oure zense o' ye gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name;

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 6-7:

to pour forth from the strength of our hearts, our sense of the qualities which characterise your name,

Yn ercha an aul o' while yt beeth wi gleezom o' core th' oure eyen dwytheth apan ye Vigere o'dicke Zouvereine, Wilyame ee Vourthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 9-11:

In each and every condition it is with joy of heart that our eyes rest upon the representative of that Sovereign, William IV.,


heed

Taake heed.


leech

From Middle English læche, from Old English lǣċe, from Proto-West Germanic *lākī.


redress

From Middle English redresse, from Old French redresse.

To fho shall ich maake mee redress?

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:


ree

From Middle English rye, from Old English ryġe, from Proto-West Germanic *rugi.


spree

An aal their vrienes had a graat spree.

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 4:

And aal their friends had a great spree.


thrive

From Middle English turf, torf, from Old English turf, from Proto-West Germanic *turb. Cognate with Scots truff.


bye

From Middle English boye, from Old English *bōia, from Proto-Germanic *bōjô. Cognate with West English bwoy.

Hea's a gooude lickeen bye.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 54:

Earch myde was a queen, an earch bye was a king;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

Each maid was a queen, and each boy was a king;

Zoo wough aul vell a-danceen; earch bye gae a poage

So we all fell a-dancing; each boy gave a kiss


statesman

and whilke we canna zei, albeit o' 'Governere,' 'Statesman,' an alike.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 7-9:

and for which we have no words but of 'Governor,' 'Statesman,' &c.


rhyne

From Middle English rayne, from Old English reġn, from Proto-West Germanic *regn.


noll

From Middle English nolle, from Old English hnoll.


dap

Up caame ee ball, an a dap or a kewe

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:


haul

From Middle English halle, from Old English heall, from Proto-West Germanic *hallu.

Yola Haul.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


slipper

Cognate with English slipper (“A kind of brake or shoe for a wagon wheel.”).

cog

The stick for receiving the spun thread off the spindle of the woollen wheel.


rights

proo'th, y'at wee alane needeth ye giftes o'generale rights, az be displayte bie ee factes o'thie goveremente.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 23-24:

proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government.


mor

From Middle English mọ̄r, from Old English mōr, from Proto-West Germanic *mōr.

Zing ug a mor fane a zour a ling.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:

[Sing to the moor iris, the sorrel and the ling.]


wad

Probably short for Middle English wadmal (“woolen cloth”). Cognate with English wad.


amach

Borrowed from Irish abhac (“dwarf”), from Middle Irish abacc.


peeps

From Middle English pipe, from Old English pīpe, from Proto-West Germanic *pīpā.

An a cat at a big-peeps an a taal o hays coat.

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, line 20:

And the cat ate his bag-pipes and the tail of his coat.


wick

From Middle English wycke, variant of weke, from Old English wiċe, from Proto-West Germanic *wikā.


fane

From Middle English fane, from Old English fana.

Zing ug a mor fane a zour a ling.

A white-flowered, water-growing variety of iris.


caar

Maa bee haghed i more caar an angish than Ich."

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 15:

May be upset in more care and hardship than I."


jock

From Middle English jakke, from Anglo-Norman jacke.

At ye mye ne'er be wooveless ta vill a lear jock an cooan.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

That you may never be unprovided to fill an empty jack and can.


truckle

From Middle English trokel, from Anglo-Norman trocle, from Medieval Latin trochlea (“a block, sheaf containing one or more pulleys”).

der

A truckle is ee-teap'd.

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867

Fan a truckle ee zhoulthered too nigh upa ditch.

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

When the car it moved too near to the ditch.


ashen

From Middle English asshe, from Old English æsċe, from Proto-West Germanic *askā, from Proto-Germanic *askǭ.


taal

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 20:


vox

To hint dhicka cursed vox vrom Bloomere's lhoan.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:

To hunt that cursed fox from Bloomer's land.


hog

From Middle English hog, from Old English hogg, hocg.

Ich aam a vat hog it's drue. Aar is ken apan aam.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

I am a fat hog, 'tis true. There is ken upon them.


mizen

From Middle English myxen, from Old English mixen.


attercop

From Middle English attercoppe, from Old English ātorcoppe.


garde

From Middle English garde, from Old French guarde.

—t'avance pace an livertie, an, wi'oute vlynch, ee garde o' generale reights an poplare vartue.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 19-21:

to promote peace and liberty—the uncompromising guardian of common right and public virtue.


hopes

From Middle English hope, from Old English hopa.

Wi Irishmen owre generale hopes be ee-bond——

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 9-10:

With Irishmen our common hopes are inseparably bound up——


smock

From early Middle English smoc, from Old English smoca.


har

Ingsaury neileare (pidh?) his niz outh o' har.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:


hiver

From Middle English hayfre, from Old English hēahfore.


kie

From Middle English kaye, from Old French kay, cail.

'choo'd drieve aam aul awye to Kie o' Cress Farnogue, an maake aam cry, 'Rotheda Palloake !' "

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 7-8:

I would drive them all away to the quay of Cross Farnogue, and make them cry, 'Rotten Palluck !' "


ruck

To a ruck or to a stone.

1927, “LAMENT OF A WIDOW”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 130, line 2:


hade

A vidler hay shudled wi hade to a vall

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 17:

The fiddler he staggered with his head to the wall,


Sankt

From Middle English sanct, sayn, from Old English sanct, from Latin sanctus.

Adh Sankt Josef's die, adh a patroon o' Kilmoor, Jameen Qougeely was ee-pealthe.

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 1-2:

At St. Joseph's-day, at the patron of Kilmore, James Cagley was beaten.


smote

From Middle English smote, past participle of smiten (“to deal a blow, strike, beat”).

A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:

The piper fell back like one well smitten,


joys

Oore joys all ee-smort ing a emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Our joys are all smothered in a pismire-hill.


ete

From Middle English art. Cognate with Scots airt.

GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY

Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;


weft

From Middle English wefte, from Old English weft.


eave

From Middle English æven, from Old English ǣfen, from Proto-West Germanic *ābanþ.


moan

From Middle English mone, from Old English mān, from Proto-West Germanic *mainu.

Ochone! to fo shul Ich maak mee moan,

1927, “LAMENT OF A WIDOW”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 130, line 1:


moan

A moan vrim a Bearlough an anoor vrim a Baak,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 1:

A woman from the Bearlough and another from the Beak,

Shu ztaared an shu ztudied hi near parshagh moan,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 7:

She stared and she studied by the other passive woman,

Billeen Scalaane an hys yola moan,

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 1:


titch

From Middle English tiche, tik-, from Old English tiċċen, from Proto-West Germanic *tikkīn.


vill

From Middle English fille, from Old English fyllu, from Proto-West Germanic *fullī.

At skelpearès an slaugheardhès mye leeigh aar oer vill.

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 75

That the piglings and pigs may laugh their overfill.

An thaar zit down an yux our vill,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland


gud

From Middle English god, from Old English god, from Proto-West Germanic *god.


gabble

Ha deight ouse var gabble, tell ee zin go t'glade.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

You have put us in talk, 'till the sun goes to set.


fash

From Middle English fass (“leek root”), from Old English fæs.

Ye state na dicke daie o'ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albiet 'constitutional agitation,'

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 1-2:

The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation,


brail

From Middle English *brail, from Old French baril.


vinger

From Middle English fynger, from Old English finger, from Proto-West Germanic *fingr.

Lethel vinger.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 53:


deel

An vish aal vellas wi a deel.

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 7:


vork

From Middle English forke, from Old English force, from Proto-West Germanic *furkō.


kish

"Murreen leam, kish am." Ich aam goan maake mee will.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:

To my grief, I am a big old sow. I am going to make my will,


crie

From Middle English crie, from Old French cri, crïee.

Th' hap, an ee ferde, an ee crie, was Tommeen.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

The chance, and the fear, and the cry, was Tommeen.


Irishmen

From Middle English Irisshmen, equivalent to Eeerish + -men.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 9-10:

az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o' Baronie Forthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 10-11:

as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth,


vall

*From Middle English fallen, from Old English feallan, from Proto-West Germanic *fallan.
*From Middle English fal, from Old English feall.

Zien, "a blaak vall, a blaak vall, Ich meigh vella knew,

Saying "a black fall, a black fall——I might well have known,


vall

A vidler hay shudled wi hade to a vall


letch

From Middle English leche (“an infusion”).

Ty o' letch.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


gom

Borrowed from Irish gám (“booby, dolt”).


usquebaugh

An gooude usquebaugh ee-sarith uth in cooanès.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 94:

And good whiskey served out in wooden cans.


buke

From Middle English bok, from Old English bōc, from Proto-West Germanic *bōk.

Wi buke an wi candale hay tackled a paare.

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 6:

With book and with candle he tackled the pair;


shives

From Middle English schyfe, from Proto-Germanic *skibō-.

The chaff and blind grain blown farthest in winnowing.


thorns

Nich th' hie thoras o' Culpake.

1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 18:


ling

From Middle English lyng, from Old Norse lyng.

Zing ug a mor fane a zour a ling.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:

[Sing to the moor iris, the sorrel and the ling.]

Calluna vulgaris
Calluna vulgaris#Translingual


Messe

From Middle English messe, from Old English mæsse and Old French messe, both from Late Latin missa.

Religion: chourch, priesth, parieshe, Gud, Messe, Cresst.

2005, Jacob Poole Of Growtown - And the Yola Dialect


niz

Ingsaury neileare (pidh?) his niz outh o' harr.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:


mele

From Middle English mele (“flour”), from Old English melu, from Proto-West Germanic *melu, from Proto-Germanic *melwą.


mele

alternative form of meale (“feast, dinner”)


patroon

From Middle English patroun, from Old French patrone, from Latin patrōnus.

Adh Sankt Josef's die, adh a patroon o' Kilmoor, Jameen Qougeely was ee-pealthe.

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 1-2:


moans

ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS.

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129:


starr

From Middle English starre, steorre, from Old English steorra, from Proto-West Germanic *sterrō.


hele

From Middle English hil, from Old English hyll.

Whithele.


hele

Yer hele.


torches

Aal haar, an wi eyen lik torches o tar?"

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 10:

"All hair, and with eyes like torches of tar,"


nettles

From Middle English netle, from Old English netele, from Proto-West Germanic *natilā.

Aar was lhaung kaayle an nettles, ee-mixt wee prasaugh buee,

There was long kale and nettles, mingled with yellow-weed,


borde

From Middle English bord, from Old English bord, from Proto-West Germanic *bord.


bailes

From Middle English baill, from Old English bīgels.

The upright sticks for keeping the cow in her place.


levers

From Middle English lever, from Old English læfer.

Flags (plants) that grow in boggy ground.


goss

From Middle English gors, from Old English gorst, from Proto-West Germanic *gerstu.


hile

Vearnee-hile.


vire

From Middle English fyr, from Old English fȳr, from Proto-West Germanic *fuir.


rade

From Middle English rode, from Old English *rodd.


gry

From Middle English grey, from Old English grǣġ, from Proto-West Germanic *grāu.


vaate

[Wee] vaate apan vaate a met-borde was ee-halt.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:

[With vat upon vat a meat-borde was held.]


butts

From Middle English butte, from Old English byt, bytt (“small piece of land”) and *butt (attested in diminutive Old English buttuc (“end, small piece of land”) > English buttock), from Proto-West Germanic *butt.

cog

The short drills in the angle of a field.


aare

From Middle English aire, from Old French air, from Latin āēr.

Hea zed mee cuck vlew in a aare.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 104:


zin

From Middle English sonne, from Old English sunne, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnā (compare West Frisian sinne, Dutch zon), from Proto-Indo-European *sóh₂wl̥ (“sun”).

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

till ee zin o'oure daies be var aye be ee-go t'glade.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 14-15:

until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).


zong

From Middle English song, from Old English sang.

Yola zong.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 80:


faigh

F. daaily, faigh, gaay, haail, laay, paay, waaite.

E. daily, faith, gay, hail, lay, pay, wait.


brides

To be brides.

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, line 2:


messe

From Middle English masse, from Anglo-Norman masse, from Latin massa.


balke

From Middle English balke, from Old English balca, either from or influenced by Old Norse bálkr (“partition, ridge of land”), from Proto-Germanic *balkô.

der

Yer name var zetch avancet avare ye, e'en a dicke var hye, arent whilke ye brine o'zea an ye craggès o'noghanes cazed nae balke.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 4-6:

Your fame for such came before you even into this retired spot, to which neither the waters of the sea below nor the mountains above caused any impediment.


hoorn

From Middle English horn, from Old English horn, from Proto-West Germanic *horn.


shu

Shu ztaared an shu ztudied hi near parshagh moan,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 7:

She stared and she studied by the other passive woman,

Fan Sooney shu tumbled vlat upa road.

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 9:

Shu bin vrem Vorth, an hay vrem Bargee,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 3:


boney

From Middle English *boni, from Old French bon (“good”); compare English bonnie, bonny (“fine, attractive”).


benisons

From Middle English benysoun, from Old French beneïson, from Latin benedictio.

shorne o'lournagh an ee-vilt wi benisons, an yerzel an oure gude Zovereine,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 12-14:

free from melancholy and full of blessings, for yourself and our good Sovereign,


vaar

Wu canna gow to Ilone vaar,

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 9:


wye

From Middle English way, from Old English weġ, from Proto-West Germanic *weg.

Na dicke wye, nar dicka.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 34:

Maake wye.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 55:


hist

From Middle English fist, fest, from Old English fȳst, from Proto-West Germanic *fūsti.


vigere

From Middle English figure, from Old French figure, from Latin figūra.

Yn ercha an aul o' while yt beeth wi gleezom o' core th' oure eyen dwytheth apan ye Vigere o'dicke Zouvereine, Wilyame ee Vourthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 9-11:

In each and every condition it is with joy of heart that our eyes rest upon the representative of that Sovereign, William IV.,


kappas

From Middle English cop, from Old English copp, from Proto-West Germanic *kopp.


enteet

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, line 14-16, in APPENDIX

It is called in local dialect “enteet,” or more properly nonteet (noontide)—“the noontide rest."
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


greve

From Middle English greve, from Old English grǣfa, grǣfe.


maide

A maide vrem a Bearlough,

1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 18:


meany

From Middle English meny, from Anglo-Norman meine, meignee and Old French mesne, from Vulgar Latin *mānsiōnāta.


looke

Fo naar had looke var to be brides,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland


caure

From Middle English care, from Old English caru, from Proto-West Germanic *karu.


shule

From Middle English shoule, from Old English *sċufl. Cognate with dialectal English shool.


spone

From Middle English spone, from Old English spōn, from Proto-West Germanic *spānu.


wys

Wu'll gow our wys to Chour Hill,

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 17:


monie

From Middle English monie, from Anglo-Norman muneie, from Latin monēta.


leen

From Middle English lyne, from Old English līne, from Proto-West Germanic *līnā.


earle

From Middle English eerl, from Old English eorl, from Proto-West Germanic *erl.

To's Excellencie Constantine Harrie Phipps, y' Earle Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General and General Governor of Ireland.

1867, “Prologue”, in CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114:

To his Excellency, Constantine Henry Phipps, Earl Mulgrave, Lord Lieutenant-General, and Gereral Governor of Ireland.


eyen

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867


moud

Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;


harr

From Middle English harre, from Old English heorra, from Proto-Germanic *herzô.

Outh o' harr; Out o' harr.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 60:

Udh o' harr.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 73:


hime

From early Middle English ham, from Old English hām, from Proto-West Germanic *haim. Cognate with Orkney Scots heem.

Zoo wough aul returnth hime, contented an gaay,

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 46

So we all returned home, contented and gay,

But zit ad hime wi vlaxen wheel,


wyse

Coome thee wyse.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 31:


kurkeen

Borrowed from Irish *cruaichín, unattested diminutive of cruach (“stack”).

Ich woode be pitcht ee kurkeen, ar zippeen, to a coolaan.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

I would be poked into the mow or the stack up to the back of my head.


yark

From Middle English arke, from Old English ærc, from Latin arca (“chest, box, coffer”). Compare also yart (“art”).


pipere

Thaare was yola Jem Mahony, a noted pipere,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 13:

There was old Jem Mahony, a noted piper,

A pipere vel bak lik own in a smote,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 19:

The piper fell back like one well smitten,


punaan

Shu ztaared, clappu her baashes an up wi punaan,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 8:

She stared, clapped her palms, and up with lament,


sangle

From Middle English sengle, from Old French cengle, from Vulgar Latin *cingla.

A handful of corn gathered and tied by a reaper.


baronie

From Middle English baronie, from Old French baronie.

Ye soumissive Spakeen o'ouz Dwelleres o' Baronie Forthe, Weisforthe.

The humble Address of the Inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, Wexford.

na coshe an loyale dwellerès na Baronie Forthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 3-4:

both faithful and loyal inhabitants of the Barony of Forth,

az Irishmen, an az dwellerès na cosh an loyale o' Baronie Forthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 10-11:

as Irishmen, and as inhabitants, of faithful and loyal, of the Barony Forth,


daal

A big daal a masled, slavaak an a kernt.

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 13:

A big lot were rotten, dirty and half-hatched.


leed

From Middle English læd, from Old English lēad, from Proto-West Germanic *laud.

Which maate mee hearth as coale as leed.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 102:


muges

as cock-es, hen-es, dug-es (dogs), mug-es (mugs).

THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD


barse

From Middle English bars, from Old English bærs, from Proto-West Germanic *bars.


bys

But aal a bys do leigh an praat,

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 14:


shea

Shea's a gooude lickeen michel.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


caule

caulès (plural)
caul (alternative)
cawl (alternative)
kawle (alternative)

From Middle English colt, from Old English colt (“young donkey, young camel”), from Proto-Germanic *kultaz (“plump; stump; thick shape, bulb”), from Proto-Indo-European *gelt- (“something round, pregnant belly, child in the womb”), from *gel- (“to ball up, amass”). Cognate with Norwegian kult (“treestump”), Swedish kult (“young boar, boy, lad”). Related to child.

der

'Tus a gearded ee freightened Billeen's yola caule.

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

'Twas a goat that frightened Billy's old caule (horse).


reeke

From Middle English hreac, from Old English hrēac.


coshes

From Middle English conscience, from Old French conscience, from Latin conscientia (“knowledge within oneself”).

Ha-ho! be mee coshes, th'ast ee-pait it, co Joane;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Hey-ho! by my conscience, you have paid it, quoth John;


zins

w'oul daie an ercha daie, our meines an oure gurles, praie var long an happie zins,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 11-12:

we will daily and every day, our wives and our children, implore long and happy days,


zeide

From Middle English side, from Old English sīde. Cognate with West English zide.


bryne

From Middle English brayn, from Old English bræġn, from Proto-West Germanic *bragn.

Hea took up a lounnick, an knockt udh aar bryne.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 108:

He took up the churn-dash and knock'd out their brain.


heste

From Middle English heste, variant of hes, from Old English hǣs.


raste

Adee! well zide, stuggoone, an thee raste o' graabache.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Ha! well said, (with thy) bad bread, and thy rest of garbage.


zea

From Middle English sæ, from Old English sǣ (“sea, lake”), from Proto-West Germanic *saiwi, probably from Proto-Indo-European *sh₂ey-wo- (“to be fierce, afflict”).

Th' mucha zea sthroan; Zea greoun.


vellas

From Middle English fela, from Old English fēolaga, from Old Norse félagi.

An vish aal vellas wi a deel.

1927, “ZONG O DHREE YOLA MYTHENS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 131, line 7:


Saan

Thou leeesth if thou wasth Saan Vinteen, and Saan Vinteen agyne.

Thou liest if thou wast St. Finton, and St. Finton again.


vassale

From Middle English vassal, from Old French vassal.

y'ast, bie ractzom o'honde, ee-delt t'ouz ye laas ee-mate var ercha vassale, ne'er dwythen na dicke waie nar dicka.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 16-18:

you have with impartial hand ministered the laws made for every subject, without regard to this party or that.


yowe

From Middle English yowe, from Old English eowu, from Proto-West Germanic *awi, from Proto-Germanic *awiz. Cognate with West English eowe.


wut

From Middle English wit, from Old English witt, from Proto-West Germanic *witi.

Hea had no much wut,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 108:


rocke

From Middle English wracke, from a merger of Old English wracu, wræc (“misery, suffering”) and Old English wrǣċ (“vengeance, revenge”).


geint

From Middle English junte, from Old French joint.

jeint (alternative)
gent (alternative)
jent (alternative)


beleave

From Middle English bileave, from Old English lēafa, from Proto-West Germanic *laubu.


moone

From Middle English mone, from Old English mōna (“moon”), from Proto-West Germanic *mānō.


daies

till ee zin o'oure daies be var aye be ee-go t'glade.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 14-15:

until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).


daie

Ye state na dicke daie o'ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albiet 'constitutional agitation,'

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 1-2:

The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation,


mulk

From Middle English mulke, from Old English meolc, meoluc (“milk”), from Proto-West Germanic *meluk.

To our pleoughès an mulk-pylès till a neeshte holy die.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

To our ploughs and our milk-pails till the next holiday.


giftes

From Middle English gift, from Old English ġift.

proo'th, y'at wee alane needeth ye giftes o'generale rights, az be displayte bie ee factes o'thie goveremente.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 23-24:

proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government.


hades

Thaaye got up a dance wi light hades an heels,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 15:

They got up a dance with light heads and heels,


sned

From Middle English snede, from Old English snǣd.


vaat

From Middle English vaat, from Old English fæt, from Proto-West Germanic *fat. Cognate with West English veät.


cooat

From Middle English cote, from Old French cotte, from Latin cotta.

Hea daffed his cooat, pidh it an a bushe, an begaan to peale a cooat, an zide,

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 3-5:

He took off his coat, put it on a bush, and began to beat the coat, and said,


colure

wee hert ee zough o'ye colure o' pace na name o' Mulgrave.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 8-9:

we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave.


slepe

From Middle English slep, from Old English slēp, from Proto-West Germanic *slāp.


talke

an na plaine garbe o' oure yola talke,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 5-6:

and in the simple dress of our old dialect,


joude

Derived from Old French geude, gelde, jaude, jeudon (“foot soldier, band of foot soldiers, group or brotherhood”). Compare also Middle English jaudewin (“fool, jester; literally group friend”).

noncog

Joude an moude.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


duges

THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD


mannes

man, man-nes

DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH


deevil

From Middle English devil, dele, from Old English dēofol, from Proto-West Germanic *diubul.


zoot

From Middle English soot, from Old English sōt.


scoth

Borrowed from Irish scoth (“pick, choice”).

bor+

Zitch vaperreen, an shimmereen, fan ee-daff ee aar scoth!

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Such vapouring and glittering when stript in their shirts!

The best of the flax; and hence a fine shirt is so termed.


howe

From Middle English howe, from Anglo-Norman houe.


commane

W' vengem too hard, he zunk ee commane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

With venom too hard, he sunk his bat-club,


ellena

From Middle English ellen, from Old English ellen. The unetymological /ә/ was inserted when between consonants.


reem

From Middle English reme, from Old English rēam, from Proto-West Germanic *raum.


blowe

Chote well aar aim was t'yie ouz n'eer a blowe.

I saw (well) their intent was to give us ne'er a stroke.

Wode zar; mot, all arkagh var ee barnaugh-blowe,

Would serve; but, all eager for the barnagh-stroke,


hye

From Middle English hey, from Old English hīeġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hawi.


hye

Barach-hye.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:

Yer name var zetch avancet avare ye, e'en a dicke var hye, arent whilke ye brine o'zea an ye craggès o'noghanes cazed nae balke.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 4-6:

Your fame for such came before you even into this retired spot, to which neither the waters of the sea below nor the mountains above caused any impediment.


armeen

arrm (“heraldic bearing”) + -een (“diminutive suffix”)


skee

From Middle English sky, from Old Norse ský, from Proto-Germanic *skiwją.

Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearnt up ee skee.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

Our eyes would be dazzled to look up to the sky.


toan

From Middle English to (“toe”), from Old English tā, from Proto-West Germanic *taihā.


stell

An broughet ee stell, ing a emothee knaghane.


kinge

From Middle English kynge, from Old English cyning, from Proto-West Germanic *kuning.

God save ye Kinge, hev awaa ye platter."

1927, “THE FORTH MAN'S GRACE AFTER A SCANTY DINNER”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 137, line 4:

[God save the King, heave away the platter.]


breede

From Middle English bride, from Old English brȳd, from Proto-West Germanic *brūdi (“bride”).

Coordinate term: breedegroom

Wee aar lhaung vlealès an pikkès, to waaite apan a breede.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

With their long flails and picks, to wait upon the bride.

Drink a heall to a breede. "Shud with, a voorneen."

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

Drink a health to the bride, "Here's to you, my dear."

Thou ne'er eighthest buskès, whit palskès, breede-kaake.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Thou never eatedst spiced bread, white palskes, (or) bride-cake.


wuf

A wuf is pa varreen.


voxe

From Middle English fox, from Old English fox, from Proto-West Germanic *fuhs.


corkite

Than caame ee shullereen, ee teap an corkite;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:

Then came the shouldering, tossing, and tumbling;


cley

From Middle English cley, from Old English clǣġ, from Proto-West Germanic *klaij.

Zim dellen harnothès w'aar nize ee reed cley;

Some digging earth-nuts with their noses in red clay;


paare

From Middle English paire, from Old French paire, from Latin paria.

Wi buke an wi candale hay tackled a paare.

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 6:

With book and with candle he tackled the pair;


eale

From Middle English el, from Old English ǣl, from Proto-West Germanic *āl.


gurt

gurthes (plural)
gruts (plural)
grut (alternative)

From Middle English grot, from Old English grot, from Proto-Germanic *grutą. Cognate with English gurts.


dereling

From Middle English derelyng, from Old English dīerling, corresponding to dear + -ling.


heep

From Middle English hepe, from Old English hēap, from Proto-West Germanic *haup.

A clugercheen gother: all, ing pile an in heep,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:

A crowd gathered up: all, in pile and in heap,


rivery

Derived from Middle English ryver (“spoiler”).

der+

Sported or freak grains which spoil the produce.


plou

Na oure gladès ana whilke we dellt wi' mattoke, an zing t'oure caulès wi plou,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 6-8:

In our valleys where we were digging with the spade, or as we whistled to our horses in the plough,


moile

Ye state na dicke daie o'ye londe, na whilke be nar fash nar moile, albiet 'constitutional agitation,'

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 1-2:

The condition, this day, of the country, in which is neither tumult nor disorder, but that constitutional agitation,


caules

Caules will na get to wullow to die.

2005, Jacob Poole Of Growtown - And the Yola Dialect


londe

az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o' livertie, an He fo brake ye neckarès o' zlaves.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 12-14:

for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave.

Wee dwyth ye ane fose dais be gien var ee gudevare o'ye londe ye zwae,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 18-19:

We behold in you one whose days are devoted to the welfare of the land you govern,


burge

From Middle English brugge, from Old English bryċġ, from Proto-West Germanic *bruggju.


vriene

vrienes (plural)
frends (plural)
friend (alternative)

From Middle English frẹ̄nd, from Old English frēond (“friend, relative, lover”, literally “loving-[one]”), from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“lover, friend”), from Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to like, love”).


vear

From Middle English fere, from Old English fǣr, ġefǣr (“calamity, sudden danger, peril, sudden attack, terrible sight”), from Proto-Germanic *fērą (“danger”), from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to attempt, try, research, risk”).

Aar's neer a vear o aam to be drine-vold.

1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:

There is no fear of them to fall into a dry furrow or trench.


dhing

From Middle English thing, from Old English þing (“thing”), from Proto-West Germanic *þing.

Ar aany noor dhing at woode comfoort mee,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:

Or any other thing that would comfort me,

Gooude var nat oan dhing, niether treesh ar thraame;

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

Good for not one thing; neither for the trace, nor the car.


woul

From Middle English wullen, welin, willen, from Old English willan, wyllan, from Proto-West Germanic *willjan.

wull (alternative)
weel (alternative)
well (alternative)
will (alternative)
ill (alternative)


piz

From Middle English pise, from Old English pise, from Late Latin pisa.

Piz porachès.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


thrist

From Middle English trist, from Old Norse traust.


neal

From Middle English neeld, metathesis of nedle, from Old English nǣdl, from Proto-West Germanic *nāþlu.


moude

From Middle English mode (“a company of people”), from Old English *mōt, ġemōt (“meeting”), from Proto-Germanic *mōtą.


gaudés

From Middle English gaudẹ̄, from Old French gaudie.


shar

Shar

1987, The Manuscript of Jacob Poole's Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy:


skeine

From Middle English skayne, from Old French escaigne.

Vear'd nodhing mot Portheare. Na skeine e'er ee-waare.

I feared nothing but Porter. No skein I ever wore.


potteen

An potteen galore in cans and noggens,

1927, “PAUDEEN FOUGHLAAN'S WEDDEEN”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 133, line 10:


gaume

F. naume, taale, gaume.


gorsoon

e.g. bakoon (bacon), patroon (a patron), gorsoon (a lad), sneesheen (snuff), poag (a kiss), borde (a table), stuckeen (a stocking), pucane (a goat), usbaugh (whiskey).


peece

From Middle English pece, from Old French piece, from Late Latin pettia.


meines

w'oul daie an ercha daie, our meines an oure gurles, praie var long an happie zins,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 11-12:

we will daily and every day, our wives and our children, implore long and happy days,


laas

From Middle English lawe, from Old English lagu.

y'ast, bie ractzom o'honde, ee-delt t'ouz ye laas ee-mate var ercha vassale, ne'er dwythen na dicke waie nar dicka.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 16-18:

you have with impartial hand ministered the laws made for every subject, without regard to this party or that.


garbe

an na plaine garbe o' oure yola talke,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 5-6:

and in the simple dress of our old dialect,


mothe

From Middle English mot, from Old English mot.

mote, particle, single straw or part of one.


zall

From Middle English salt, from Old English sealt, from Proto-West Germanic *salt.


wonter

From Middle English winter, from Old English winter, from Proto-West Germanic *wintru.

Wonter curthere


wul

wullès (plural)
walles (plural)
vall (alternative)

From Middle English wal, from Old English weall.


wul

From Middle English wull, from Old English wull, from Proto-West Germanic *wullu.


kesse

From Middle English kesse, from Old English coss, from Proto-West Germanic *koss.


harrest

Harrest curthere


pipper

From Middle English piper, from Old English pipor, from Latin piper.


ferde

Th' hap, an ee ferde, an ee crie, was Tommeen.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

The chance, and the fear, and the cry, was Tommeen.


buch

From Middle English bukke, from Old English buc, bucc, bucca (“he-goat, stag”), from Proto-West Germanic *bukk, *bukkō.

If ich hadh Peeougheen a Buch, Meyleare a Slut, Peedher Ghiel-laaune, an Jackeen Bugaaune,

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 5-6:

If I had Hugh the Buck, Meyler the Sloven, Peter the Smart Man, and John Boggan,


cawl

Pa cawl.


fong

From Middle English thong, thwong, from Old English þwang, from Proto-West Germanic *þwangi, from Proto-Germanic *þwangiz.

A thin strip of raw hide used by saddlers in sewing.


skien

From Middle English skyn, from Old Norse skinn.

"If thou dinna gow on chul daf thee yola skien."

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 6:

"If you don't go on I'll strip your old skin."


michel

From Middle English mayde child. Cognate with English maidchild.

Shea's a gooude lickeen michel.


kewe

Up caame ee ball, an a dap or a kewe

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:


cuck

From Middle English cok, from Old English cocc, from Proto-West Germanic *kokk.

Coordinate term: hen

Mee cuck was liveen michty well,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:

Ho ro! mee cuck is ee-go.


eales

Blooeden eales.


barish

Risheenearès! Leth aam gaame wee aar barish-amang,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

Snack-eaters! let them game, with their barley-mung.


mistrace

From Middle English maistresse, from Old French maistresse, mestresse.


egges

From Middle English egge, from Old Norse egg.

Themost wi egges an heimost wi thick,

1927, “ZONG OF TWI MAARKEET MOANS”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 129, line 3:


heall

Drink a heall to a breede. "Shud with, a voorneen."

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

Drink a health to the bride, "Here's to you, my dear."


feyer

From Middle English feyer, faire, from Old French foire, from Vulgar Latin *fēria, from the classical Latin plural noun fēriae.


factes

From Old French fact, from Latin factum (“an act, deed, feat, etc.”).

der

proo'th, y'at wee alane needeth ye giftes o'generale rights, az be displayte bie ee factes o'thie goveremente.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 23-24:

proves that we alone stood in need of the enjoyment of common privileges, as is demonstrated by the results of your government.


waudher

From Middle English wāter, from Old English wæter, from Proto-West Germanic *watar.


mawen

moans (plural)
meyen (plural)
meines (plural)
mawn (alternative)
moan (alternative)

From earlier *mon, from Middle English wummon, from Old English wīfmon. Compare also kon, koan (“can”).

Coordinate term: man

Yold mawn.


meyen

Blessed yarth amang meyen.


vengence

From Middle English veneson, from Anglo-Norman veneisun.


boagher

bogher (alternative)
bargher (alternative)

Mucha boagher.


choule

From Middle English choule, from Old English ċeafl, from Proto-West Germanic *kafl. Cognate with Scots chowl.


garr

From Middle English garme, from Old English grama. For loss of final -m, compare whil (“to whelm”).


fleen

From Middle English flea, from Old English flēah, from Proto-West Germanic *flauh.


cowm

From Middle English cōmb, cāmb, from Old English camb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb. Cognate with Orkney Scots keem.


condale

From Middle English condel, candel, from Old English candel, from Latin candēla.

candale (alternative)
condel (alternative)


dhew

From Middle English dew, from Old English dēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *dauw.


dishe

From Middle English disch, from Old English disċ, from Proto-West Germanic *disk.


dreade

From Middle English þræd, from Old English þrǣd, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz.


vengem

From Middle English venem, from Anglo-Norman venim.

W' vengem too hard, he zunk ee commane,

With venom too hard, he sunk his bat-club,

wi vengem o' core t'gie oure zense o' ye gradès whilke be ee-dighte wi yer name;

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 6-7:

to pour forth from the strength of our hearts, our sense of the qualities which characterise your name,


zheep

From Middle English schep, from Old English sċēp, from Proto-West Germanic *skāp.


laafe

From Middle English leaf, from Old English lēaf, from Proto-West Germanic *laub. Cognate with Middle Scots lavis (“leaves”).

A laafe ing lemethès chote wel ta ba zang,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

A leaf in tatters, I know well to be sung,


eeren

From Middle English iren, from Old English īsern, from Proto-West Germanic *īsarn.


vather

From Middle English father, from Old English fæder, from Proto-West Germanic *fader (compare English father, West Frisian faar, North Frisian faaðer, Low German Fader, Dutch vader, German Vater, Danish fader, Norwegian and Swedish far), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (compare Irish athair, Tocharian A pācar, B pācer, Persian پدر (pedar), Lithuanian patinas (“male animal”), akin to Latin pater, akin to Ancient Greek πατήρ (patḗr), akin to Armenian հայր (hayr), akin to Sanskrit पितृ (pitṛ, “father”)).

Yola Vather Deruse hay raree cam thoare,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland


zister

From Middle English *zister (attested in Modern English dialects), a form of suster, from Old English sweostor, swustor, sweoster, from Proto-Germanic *swestēr, from Proto-Indo-European *swésōr.


yerstey

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.


deemes

From Middle English tyme, from Old English tīma, from Proto-Germanic *tīmô.

Dree deemes.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


joud

Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;


niel

From Middle English neil, from Old English næġl, from Proto-West Germanic *nagl.


glies

A fossilised plural of *glie, borrowed from Irish dlaoi (“bundle of thatch”), from Old Irish dlaí, dluí. Compare also ghou.

bor+

straw tied at one end (used for thatching stacks)


querne

From Middle English querne, from Old English cweorn.


erth

From Middle English ē̆rthe, eorthe, from Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu.

eart (alternative)
eard (alternative)
eord (alternative)
eorth (alternative)


condel

The condel is to winnooween.


zour

From Middle English soure, from Old English sūre.

Zing ug a mor fane a zour a ling.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:

[Sing to the moor iris, the sorrel and the ling.]


pley

From Middle English pleye, from Old English plega, from Proto-West Germanic *plegō.

Th' heiftem o' pley vell all ing to lug;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

The weight of the play fell into the hollow;


ryne

F. agyne, amyne, brine, gryne, gry, pyle, ryne.

E. again, amain, brain, grain, gray, pail, rain.


piff

From Middle English puf, from Old English pyf.

A small puff of wind, as with the mouth.


burdes

Birds: burdes, croowe, sparroon, lereke, drush, duucks.

2005, Jacob Poole Of Growtown - And the Yola Dialect


caake

From Middle English cake, from Old Norse kaka, from Proto-Germanic *kakǭ. Cognate with Scots cyaak, kyaak.

Pussough caake.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 63:


coorn

From Middle English corn, from Old English corn, from Proto-West Germanic *korn.


stre

From Middle English stre, strew, from Old English strēow, strēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *strau.


kyne

Kyne.


bothom

From Middle English botom, from Old English botm, from Proto-Germanic *butmaz.

A bothom vele udh.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 108:


meale

From Middle English mæle, from Old English mǣl, from Proto-West Germanic *māl.


blease

1867, “WEXFORD THREE HUNDRED YEARS AGO”, line 5-6, in APPENDIX

a faggot, a blease, or a blaze,
(please add an English translation of this quotation)


bakoon

e.g. bakoon (bacon), patroon (a patron), gorsoon (a lad), sneesheen (snuff), poag (a kiss), borde (a table), stuckeen (a stocking), pucane (a goat), usbaugh (whiskey).


streem

From Middle English stræm, from Old English strēam, from Proto-West Germanic *straum.


laave

From Middle English læfe, from Old English lǣfan, from Proto-West Germanic *laibijan.

Zoo wough kisth, an wough parthet; earch man took his laave;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

So we kissed and we parted, each man took his leave;


pultry

From Middle English pultrie, from Old French pouleterie.


gaast

From Middle English gaast, from Old English gāst, from Proto-West Germanic *gaist.


doughtere

From Middle English doughter, from Old English dohtor, from Proto-West Germanic *dohter.


voal

From Middle English fole, from Old English fola, from Proto-West Germanic *folō.


gryne

From Middle English grayne, from Old French grain, from Latin grānum.


stouk

Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867

I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.

"Faad thay goul ez upa thee, thou stouk" co Billeen,

"What the divil is on you, you fool?" quoth Billy;


nize

From Middle English nese, from Old English *nesu, *neosu.

Zim dellen harnothès w'aar nize ee reed cley;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:

Some digging earth-nuts with their noses in red clay;


speen

From Middle English *spane, from Old English spane, from Proto-West Germanic *spanu. Cognate with Fingallian spen.

Na speen to be multh, nar flaase to be shaure.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

no teat to be milked, nor fleece to be shorn.


brone

F. brone, eelone, hone, lone, sthone, sthrone.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.


mize

Licke a mope an a mile, he gazt ing a mize;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Like a fool in a mill, he looked in amazement;


hoat

From Middle English hoot, hote, hoote, from Old English hāt.


goul

1927, “YOLA ZONG O BARONY VORTH”, in THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD, page 132, line 5:


maate

From Middle English mæte, met, from Old English mete, from Proto-West Germanic *mati. Cognate with Middle Scots mat.

Gin we have no mo' maate, it maakes no mo' matter,

[If we have no more meat, it makes no more matter,]


heade

hades (plural)
haade (alternative)
hade (alternative)

From Middle English heed, hade, from Old English hēafod. Cognates include English head and Scots heid.


angish

Derived from Middle English ange, means pinchedness or straitness of life.

Maa bee haghed i more caar an angish than Ich."

May be upset in more care and hardship than I."


arich

From Middle English arliche, from Old English ǣrlīċe (“early”).


baakooze

Borrowed from Irish bácús, from Middle English bakhous, from Old English bæchūs (“bakery, bakehouse”), from Proto-West Germanic *bakahūs (“bakehouse”).


baalee

From Middle English bayly (“bailiff”), from Anglo-Norman and Old French bailif.


baskaate

From Middle English bascat, from Anglo-Norman bascat, from Late Latin bascauda (“kettle, table-vessel”).


bawkoon

From Middle English bacoun, from Anglo-Norman bacon, bacun. Cognate with English bacon and Scots bawcon.

bawcoon (alternative)
bacoon (alternative)
bakoon (alternative)


bellee

From Middle English bely, from Old English bælg, from Proto-West Germanic *balgi.


bushe

From Middle English bush, from Old English busċ, from Proto-West Germanic *busk.

Beteesh a kraaneberry-bushe an a ellena-ghou.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

Between the gooseberry-bush and the elder-tree.

Hea shet his heade in a bushe, an vele aslepe.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 108:

He thrust his head in a bush, and fell asleep.

Hea daffed his cooat, pidh it an a bushe, an begaan to peale a cooat, an zide,

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 3-5:

He took off his coat, put it on a bush, and began to beat the coat, and said,


blooed

From Middle English blood, from Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd.


blenty

From Middle English plente, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitās, plēnitātem.


boust

From Middle English bost, from Anglo-Norman bost.

Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

But with all their bravado they were soon taught


buckate

From Middle English bokat, from Anglo-Norman buket.


comree

Borrowed from Irish coimrí (“protection”).


correate

correatès (plural)
coureate (alternative)

From Middle English karette, from Latin carōta.


durk

In durk Ich red virst mee left-vooted shoe."

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) “THE ANCIENT DIALECT OF THE BARONIES OF FORTH AND BARGY, COUNTY WEXFORD.”, in Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of lreland (Sixth Series), volume 17, number 2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

In the dark I happened first on my left-footed shoe."


henee

From Middle English hony, from Old English huniġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hunag.


kunnife

From Middle English knyf, from Old English cnīf.


laady

From Middle English lady, from Old English hlǣfdīġe.


konnee

From Middle English kne, from Old English cnēow, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu.


leeoon

From Middle English lyoun, from Old French leon, leun, liun, from Latin leōnem, accusative of leō.


chaamer

From Middle English chambre, from Old French chambre, from Latin camera, camara. Cognate with Scots chaamer.


chyre

From Middle English chayre, from Old French chaiere, from Latin cathedra.


chisool

From Middle English chisel, from Anglo-Norman chisel.


clouk

Aar was a clouk.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:


clugercheen

Derived from English clogger (“obstructer”) + -kin (“diminutive suffix”).

der+

A clugercheen gother: all, ing pile an in heep,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:

A crowd gathered up: all, in pile and in heap,


contrishelagh

From Middle English congregacioun + -al + -agh (“suffix forming noun, borrowed from Irish -ach”).
The first g became t in unstressed syllable, the ga and oun was syncopated to simplify articulation.


chourch

From Middle English churche, from Old English ċiriċe, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā.

Chourch hey.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:


crewst

From Middle English cruste, from Anglo-Norman cruste, from Latin crusta.


dineare

From Middle English dyner, from Old French disner (“breakfast, lunch”), from Vulgar Latin *disiūnō, *disiūnāre, contraction of disieiūnāre.


dhoaugh

From Middle English dogh, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz.

doaugh (alternative)
doaug (alternative)


dhraat

From Middle English throte, from Old English þrote.


enteete

Derived from Middle English tyde, from Old English tīd (“time”), from Proto-Germanic *tīdiz (“time”).

enteet (alternative)
enteeth (alternative)


fashoon

From Middle English facioun, from Old French façon, faceon, from Latin factiō.


fungerlagh

/ˈfʊŋɡərləx/

Coordinate term: benagh


gaaute

From Middle English gate, yeate, from Old English ġeat, from Proto-West Germanic *gat. Cognate with West English geäte.


goouness

Greash an' goouness.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


gorson

garson (alternative)
gorsoon (alternative)


graabache

/ˈɡraːbət͡ʃ/

Adee! well zide, stuggoone, an thee raste o' graabache.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Ha! well said, (with thy) bad bread, and thy rest of garbage.


greoune

From Middle English ground, from Old English grund, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.

greoun (alternative)
greound (alternative)


hearesth

From Middle English hervest, harvest, from Old English hærfest, from Proto-West Germanic *harbist.


heale

From Middle English hæle, from Old English hǣlu, hǣl, from Proto-West Germanic *hailī.

heall (alternative)
heal (alternative)
hele (alternative)

Yer hele.


heereen

From Middle English hẹ̄ringe, from Old English gehēring.


heereen

Aar was bidaades an heereen.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:


loard

From Middle English lōrd, from Old English hlāford.


naatur

From Middle English nature, from Old French nature, from Latin nātūra.


muskawn

Muskawn of buthther.


naame

From Middle English name, from Old English nama, from Proto-West Germanic *namō.

Yith w'had any lhuck, oor naame wode b' zung,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:

If we had any luck, our name would have been sung


nordh

From Middle English north, from Old English norþ.


raaison

From Middle English raison, from Anglo-Norman raisun, from Old French reson, from Latin ratiō, ratiōnem.


priesth

From Middle English prest, from Old English prēost.

An a priesth o' parieshe on his lhaung-tyel garraane.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

And the priest of the parish on his long tail pony.

An a priesth o parieshe on his garrane baun,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

The priest of the parish on his white pony,


plaague

From Middle English plage, from Old French plage, from Latin plāga (“blow, wound”).


pleough

pleoughès (plural)
plowe (alternative)
plou (alternative)

From Middle English plough, from Old English plōh, from Proto-West Germanic *plōg.


poulee

From Middle English pouse, from Old French pous. The first e was misspelled.


puddeen

From Middle English podynge, probably from Old French bodin, boudin, of disputed origin.

Aar was a gooude puddeen maate o bran.


raskail

From Middle English rascaile, from Old French rascaille (“outcast, rabble”).


joee

From Middle English joye, from Old French joie, from Latin gaudia.

How yarthe to-die, mee joee?

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 80:


aager

From Middle English aker, from Old English æcer, from Proto-West Germanic *akr. Cognate with Scots aacre.

Dhen aager.


aalhouse

From Middle English alehous, from Old English ealuhūs; Compare also West English yäle (ale).


alomes

From Middle English almesse, from Old English ælmesse, from Proto-West Germanic *alemōsinā, a borrowing from Vulgar Latin *alemosyna.


shoone

From Middle English schon, plural of scho (“shoe”).


rowse

From Middle English rose, from Old English rōse, from Latin rosa.


ameal

ashes, what is in a meal state, or in a mingled lot.


baarich

From Middle English barlich, from Old English bærlīċ.

barich (alternative)
barish (alternative)
barach (alternative)
barlich (alternative)


barrm

From Middle English barme, from Old English beorma, from Proto-West Germanic *bermō (“yeast; barm”).


barrn

From Middle English barn, from Old English bearn, bern, from Proto-West Germanic *barn (“child”).


brimel

From Middle English brimbel, from Old English brēmel, from Proto-West Germanic *brāmil.


budheree

From Middle English boterie, from Old French boterie and Medieval Latin buteria, from Late Latin botāria.


brover

From Middle English brother, from Old English brōþor, from Proto-West Germanic *brōþer. Cognate with Cockney English bruvver.

Sank Joan is oor brover.


buthee

From Middle English bodi, from Old English bodiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *bodag.

bothige (alternative)
bodhee (alternative)


callef

From Middle English calf, from Old English ċealf, from Proto-West Germanic *kalb.

calef (alternative)
calluf (alternative)


atheen

From Middle English etynge, from Old English eting.


faace

From Middle English face, from Old French face, from Late Latin facia. Cognate with Middle Scots faace.


endeen

From Middle English endyng, from Old English endung.


copprouse

From Middle English coperose, from Old French coperose.

Papaver rhoeas
Papaver rhoeas#Translingual

(figurative) corn poppy (bud), red poppy (bud), Papaver rhoeas (bud)


comfoort

*From Middle English comfort, from Old French cunfort, confort.
*From Middle English comforten, from Old French conforter, from Late Latin confortō

Mye thee friend ne're waant welcome, nor straayart comfoort.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

May thy friend ne'er want welcome, nor the stranger comfort.


bearde

From Middle English bērd, from Old English beard, from Proto-West Germanic *bard, from Proto-Germanic *bardaz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰardʰeh₂.


drush

From Middle English thrusche, thryshe, from Old English þrysċe, from Proto-West Germanic *þruskijā.


earnough

Borrowed from Irish aerach (“lighthearted”).

bor+

A gooude earnough.


emothee

Derived from Middle English emot, from Old English ǣmete, from Proto-West Germanic *āmaitijā.

An broughet ee stell, ing a emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

Oore joys all ee-smort ing a emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Our joys are all smothered in a pismire-hill.

Twish thee an Tommeen, an ee emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Betwixt you and Tommy and the pismire-hill.


flaase

From Middle English flees, from Old English flēos, from Proto-West Germanic *fleus.

Na speen to be multh, nar flaase to be shaure.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

no teat to be milked, nor fleece to be shorn.


gagee

From Middle English gauger, from Old French gaugeur. Final -r was dropped after /iː/.


gannt

From Middle English gante, from Old English ganot.


ghurteare

From Middle English garter, from Old French gartier.


gendrize

From Middle English gentryse, from Old French genterise.


gimlie

From Middle English chimeney, from Old French cheminee, from Late Latin camināta. Cognate with Scots chimlie.


glaade

Goan to glaade; Gone to glaade.


geearth

geearthès (plural)
geearte (alternative)
gurth (alternative)

From Middle English geat, goot, from Old English gāt, from Proto-West Germanic *gait.


harpeare

From Middle English harper, from Old English hearpere.


heeve

From Middle English hyve, from Old English hȳf, from Proto-West Germanic *hūfi.

A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:

Lickweese mee been deeth in aar heeve.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:


harroue

From Middle English harrowe, from Old English *hearwa.


helbough

From Middle English elbohe, from Old English elnboga, from Proto-Germanic *alinabugô. Cognate with Scots elbuck.


hardhel

From Middle English hardel, from Old English hyrdel, from Proto-West Germanic *hurdil.


halpish

From Middle English hardshipe, equivalent to hard + zhip.


haapney

From Middle English hapeni, from Old English halpenige.

A near a haapney to paay a peepeare.


keow

From Middle English cou, from Old English cū, from Proto-West Germanic *kō (“cow”).

Dhree brailès o' beanès, an a keow at was yole,

Three barrels of beans, and a cow that was old,


khuingoke

khuingokee (alternative)
kuingokee (alternative)
kwingokee (alternative)
quingokee (alternative)


knaughaan

Borrowed from Irish cnocán, equivalent to knaugh + -aan.

knaugane (alternative)
knaghane (alternative)
knagane (alternative)
knockane (alternative)


kruck

From Middle English crokke, from Old English crocca, from Proto-West Germanic *kroggō.


kotlieough

Uncertain. Probably from Middle English cate (“gate”) + liegh (“field”).


lhawm

From Middle English lōmb, from Old English lamb, from Proto-West Germanic *lamb.


lereke

From Middle English lerke, leverock, from Old English lāwerce, from Proto-West Germanic *laiwarikā.


lhauch

Borrowed from Irish leac (“flat stone”).


llean

Borrowed from Irish léan (“evil or harm”).

He at nouth fade t'zey, llean vetch ee man,

He that knows what to say, mischief fetch the man,


loothee

Derived from Middle English lewthe, from Old English hlēowþ.


lizure

From Middle English laysure, from Old French leisir, laisir, variants of loisir.


measkeen

Either derived from Irish measc (“to mix”) or derived from Middle English mask, maske (“mesh”).

A flat-bottomed basket for straining potatoes.


meouth

From Middle English moueth, from Old English mūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *munþ.

moweth (alternative)
mouth (alternative)


mileare

From Middle English myller, equivalent to mile + -eare.


Mondei

From Middle English Monday, from Old English mōnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag.

days of the week: wick dais: Zindei · Mondei · Tusedei · Wennesdei · Thorsdei · Vreedie · Zathardei [edit]


mossaale

From Middle English mossel, from Old French morsel, morsiel, morcel.


muthon

From Middle English mutton, motoun, from Old French mouton, from Vulgar Latin moltō.


nickht

From Middle English knict, knikt, from Old English cniht, from Proto-West Germanic *kneht.


neape

neapès (plural)
neap (alternative)
nape (alternative)

From Middle English næp, from Old English nǣp, from Latin nāpus.


zimmer

From Middle English somer, from Old English sumor, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognates include English summer and Scots simmer.


baskeat

From Middle English basket, from Anglo-Norman bascat, from Late Latin bascauda (“kettle, table-vessel”).
This would point to the slang of the ring, where the breast is called the bread-basket.


baush

Borrowed from Irish bas, bos (“palm of the hand”), from Old Irish bas, bos, from Proto-Celtic *bostā.


cambaute

caam (“crooked”) + bath (“bat”). Original /a/ was lengthened to /ɔː/ when in last stressed syllable.


caushe

From Middle English caucẹ̄, from Anglo-Norman caucee (“route, highway”), from Vulgar Latin *calciāta, from either Latin calx (“limestone”) or calciō (“to stamp with the heels, tread”), from calx (“heel”).


baree

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.

Tommeen was lous, an zo was ee baree.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:


erroane

From Middle English erand, from Old English ǣrende, from Proto-West Germanic *ārundī.


zaawe

From Middle English sawe, from Old English sagu, from Proto-West Germanic *sagu. Cognate with West English zaw.


zweal

From Middle English swelen, from Old English swǣlan, from Proto-West Germanic *swelan.

Baakhooses an lauckès war aul ee a zweal.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:

[Ovens and locks were all in the swale.]


zoane

From Middle English sond, from Old English sand, from Proto-West Germanic *samd. Cognate with West English zand.