naay

From Middle English nai, from Old Norse nei.


dhicke

Coordinate term: dhicka


dhicka

Coordinate term: dhicke

Dhicka poake.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

Dhicka die fan ich want to a mile.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:

To hint dhicka cursed vox vrom Bloomere's lhoan.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:

To hunt that cursed fox from Bloomer's land.


Weisforthe

From Old Norse Veisafjǫrðr (literally “inlet of the mudflats”).

der

Ye soumissive Spakeen o'ouz Dwelleres o' Baronie Forthe, Weisforthe.

1867, “Prologue”, in CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114:

The humble Address of the Inhabitants of the Barony of Forth, Wexford.


ayenst

From Middle English ayenes, a southern variant of ayen.

Ayenst zim vartful ropeare at a rumcht ouse avar.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Against some wanton ranter that has raved (at) us before.


vriene

From Middle English frẹ̄nd, from Old English frēond (“friend, relative, lover”, literally “loving-[one]”), from Proto-Germanic *frijōndz (“lover, friend”), from Proto-Indo-European *preyH- (“to like, love”).

der

az avare ye trad dicke londe yer name waz ee-kent var ee vriene o' livertie, an He fo brake ye neckarès o' zlaves.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 12-14:

for before your foot pressed the soil, your name was known to us as the friend of liberty, and he who broke the fetters of the slave.


theezil

From Middle English thyself, from Old English þīnes selfes.

Deen theezil.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 33:

Come w' ouse, gosp Learry, theezil an Melchere;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

Come with us, gossip Larry, yourself and Miles;


waudher

From Middle English water, from Old English wæter, from Proto-West Germanic *watar.


boagher

Mucha boagher.


'ch-

Reduction of ich. Cognate with obsolete English ch-.

and its blending as 'ch with verbs.

(attached to following verb) I; clitic form of ich.


bidge

From Middle English biggen, from Old English bycġan (“to buy, pay for, acquire, redeem, ransom, procure, get done, sell”), from Proto-Germanic *bugjaną (“to buy”).


choule

From Middle English chaule, from Old English ċeafl, from Proto-West Germanic *kafl.


cowm

From Middle English cōmb, cāmb, from Old English camb, from Proto-West Germanic *kamb.


condale

From Middle English candel, from Old English candel, from Latin candēla.


dhew

From Middle English dew, from Old English dēaw, from Proto-West Germanic *dauw.


dishe

From Middle English disch, from Old English disċ, from Proto-West Germanic *disk.


dreade

From Middle English thred, from Old English þrǣd, from Proto-Germanic *þrēduz.


adh

From Middle English at, from Old English æt, from Proto-Germanic *at, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éd. Cognate with English at.

Come adh o' mee gazb.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 41:

Adh Sankt Josef's die, adh a patroon o' Kilmoor, Jameen Qougeely was ee-pealthe.

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 1-2:

At St. Joseph's-day, at the patron of Kilmore, James Cagley was beaten.


dhree

From Middle English thre, from Old English þrī, from Proto-West Germanic *þrīʀ. Cognates include English three and Scots three.

Ich at mee dhree meales.

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867

Dhree brailès o' beanès, an a keow at was yole,

Three barrels of beans, and a cow that was old,

Haar wee bee dhree yola mydes,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland


ee-

From Middle English y-, from Old English ġe-, from Proto-Germanic *ga-, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm.

Used to form the past participle of verbs.


zheep

From Middle English schep, from Old English scēap, from Proto-West Germanic *skāp.


vather

From Middle English father, from Old English fæder, from Proto-West Germanic *fader (compare English father, West Frisian faar, North Frisian faaðer, Low German Fader, Dutch vader, German Vater, Danish fader, Norwegian and Swedish far), from Proto-Indo-European *ph₂tḗr (compare Irish athair, Tocharian A pācar, B pācer, Persian پدر (pedar), Lithuanian patinas (“male animal”), akin to Latin pater, akin to Ancient Greek πατήρ (patḗr), akin to Armenian հայր (hayr), akin to Sanskrit पितृ (pitṛ, “father”)).

Yola Vather Deruse hay raree cam thoare,


yerstey

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.


eorth

From Middle English eorthe, from Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu.


neveare

Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:


aagar

From Middle English eger, from Old French egre, aigre, from Late Latin ācrus.


aulaveer

aul (“all”) + agyther (“together”). The middle <-gy-> was syncopated and the <-th-> /-ð-/ was further voiced to <-v->. Compare also brover (“brother”).


aveel

Wu canna baar to gow aveel,


ameve

From Middle English ameven, borrowed from Old French amover.


baakoozee

baakooze (“oven”) + -ee (“verbal suffix”)


aloghe

From Middle English alogh. Cognate with Scots aloah.

Vrem ee Choure here aloghe up to Cargun.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:

From the Choure here below up to Cargun.


baskaate

From Middle English basket, from Anglo-Norman bascat, from Late Latin bascauda (“kettle, table-vessel”).


zeese

From Middle English six, from Old English six, from Proto-West Germanic *sehs. /ik/ changed into /iː/.


bellee

From Middle English bely, from Old English bælg, from Proto-West Germanic *balgi.


ayghteen

From Middle English eightetene, from Old English eahtatīene, eahtatēne, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōutehun.


bawkoon

From Middle English bacoun, from Anglo-Norman bacon, bacun. Cognate with English bacon, and Scots bawcon.


blooed

From Middle English blood, from Old English blōd, from Proto-West Germanic *blōd.


buckate

From Middle English bocket, from Anglo-Norman buket.


boust

From Middle English bost, from Anglo-Norman bost.

Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

But with all their bravado they were soon taught


awye

From Middle English away, from Old English aweġ, from earlier on weġ (“on one's way”). Cognates include English away and Scots awa.

Awye wough it.

Heve a dishen an trenshoorès awye, Shaneen;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

Heave the dishes and the trenchers away, little John;

A scalte croowe coome an taak aam awye,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 108:

Hea raan awye del hea caame neeghe Burstheoune.

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 2-3:

He ran away until he came nigh to Bridgetown.


veeve

From Middle English vive, from Old English fīf, from Proto-West Germanic *fimf. Cognates include English five and Scots five.


bushe

From Middle English bush, from Old English busċ, from Proto-West Germanic *busk.

Beteesh a kraaneberry-bushe an a ellena-ghou.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

Between the gooseberry-bush and the elder-tree.

Hea shet his heade in a bushe, an vele aslepe.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 108:

He thrust his head in a bush, and fell asleep.

Hea daffed his cooat, pidh it an a bushe, an begaan to peale a cooat, an zide,

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 3-5:

He took off his coat, put it on a bush, and began to beat the coat, and said,


comree

Borrowed from Irish coimrí (“protection”).


blenty

From Middle English plente, from Old French plenté, from Latin plēnitās, plēnitātem.


correate

From Middle English karette, from Latin carōta.


earchee

Joud an moud vrem earchee ete was ee Lough.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Throngs and crowds from each quarter were at the Lough;


himzil

From Middle English hymself, from Old English him selfum.


arich

From Middle English arliche, from Old English ǣrlīċe (“early”).


anoor

Anoor vrem a Bake,

A moan vrim a Bearlough an anoor vrim a Baak,

A woman from the Bearlough and another from the Beak,


bhlock

From Middle English blā̆k, from Old English blæc.


kraanberry

/kɾɔːn.bɛˈɾiː/


kunnife

From Middle English knyf, from Old English cnīf.


jeist

Amang wefty jhemes, 'cha jeist ee-rid apan.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Among cobwebby scraps, I have just alighted on.


laady

From Middle English lady, from Old English hlǣfdīġe.


eenew

From Middle English ynough, from Old English ġenōg, from Proto-Germanic *ganōgaz.


hindreth

From Middle English hundred, honderd, from Old English hundred.


chisool

From Middle English chisel, from Anglo-Norman chisel.


contrishelagh

/kɔntɾɪʃiːˈlɔː/

From Middle English congregacioun + -agh (“suffix forming noun, borrowed from Irish -ach”).
Yola is silent when in <-ngr->, thus the first was replaced by an unetymological . The middle was syncopated to simplify articulation. This is a vulgar pronunciation in Ireland.


henee

From Middle English hony, from Old English huniġ, from Proto-West Germanic *hunag.


chyre

From Middle English chayre, from Old French chaiere, from Latin cathedra.


konnee

From Middle English kne, from Old English cnēow, from Proto-West Germanic *kneu.


leeoon

From Middle English lyoun, from Old French leon, leun, liun, from Latin leōnem, accusative of leō.


dwanty

From Middle English twenty, from Old English twēntiġ, from Proto-Germanic *twai tigiwiz.

A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:


clouk

Aar was a clouk.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 108:


faulse

Faul=se

1987, The Manuscript of Jacob Poole's Glossary of the Dialect of Forth and Bargy:


clugercheen

From Middle English clicchinge. Compare English clutch (“group, bunch”). The middle <-ger-> may be derived from the second , as if pronounced /ˈklik.t͡ʃing/.

A clugercheen gother: all, ing pile an in heep,

A crowd gathered up: all, in pile and in heap,


chaamer

From Middle English chambre, from Old French chambre, from Latin camera, camara.


goouness

Greash an' goouness.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


dhraat

From Middle English throte, from Old English þrote.


eyver

From Middle English ēver, er, from Old English ǣfre.


crewst

From Middle English crouste, from Anglo-Norman cruste, from Latin crusta.


fungerlagh

/ɸʊŋɡiːˈlɔːɡ/

Coordinate term: benagh


fashoon

From Middle English facioun, from Old French façon, faceon, from Latin factiō.


dhurteen

From Middle English thurtene, from Old English þreotīene, from Proto-Germanic *þritehun.


fearse

From Middle English fers, from Old French fers, fiers, nominative of fer, fier, from Latin ferus.


dhoaugh

From Middle English doughe, from Old English dāg, from Proto-Germanic *daigaz. Cognate with Middle English dowke.


gaaye

From Middle English gay, from Old French gai.


dineare

From Middle English dinere, dener, from Old French disner (“breakfast, lunch”), from Vulgar Latin *disiūnō, *disiūnāre, contraction of disieiūnāre.


narrowe

From Middle English narwe, from Old English nearu.


neenteen

From Middle English nynetene, from Old English nigontīene.


poulee

From Middle English pulse, from Old French pous. The first e was misspelled.


muskawn

Muskawn of buthther.


greoune

From Middle English groun(e, ground, from Old English grund, from Proto-Germanic *grunduz.


graacuse

From Middle English gracious, from Old French gracious, from Latin grātiōsus.

Heal, griue, an kin, apaa thee, graacuse Forth,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

Health, wealth, and regard upon thee, gracious Forth,


graabache

/ɡɾɔːˈbɔːt͡ʃ/

From Middle English *grabage. The variant graapish is influenced by English garbage.

Adee! well zide, stuggoone, an thee raste o' graabache.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Ha! well said, (with thy) bad bread, and thy rest of garbage.


raskail

From Middle English rascaile, from Old French rascaille (“outcast, rabble”).


naatur

From Middle English nature, from Old French nature, from Latin nātūra.


gaaute

From Middle English gate, yeate, from Old English ġeat, from Proto-West Germanic *gat.


plaague

From Middle English plage, from Old French plage, from Latin plāga (“blow, wound”).


glaude

From Middle English glade, from Old English glæd, from Proto-West Germanic *glad.

A skudhelès, lhaung roosta, wull glaude leth aam what.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:

The knives, that were long rusty, well-pleased let them whet.


pleough

From Middle English plough, from Old English plōh, from Proto-West Germanic *plōg.


puddeen

From Middle English podynge, probably from Old French bodin, boudin, of disputed origin.

Aar was a gooude puddeen maate o bran.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:


chourch

From Middle English church, from Old English ċiriċe, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā.

Chourch hey.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:


ayght

From Middle English eighte, ahte, from Old English eahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō. Cognates include English eight and Scots aicht.


joee

From Middle English joye, from Old French joie, from Latin gaudia.

How yarthe to-die, mee joee?

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 80:


raaison

From Middle English raison, from Anglo-Norman raisun, from Old French reson, from Latin ratiō, ratiōnem.


ee-go

ee- (“past participle prefix”) + go (“to go”)

prefix

Hea's ee-go.

Ho ro! mee cuck is ee-go.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:

till ee zin o'oure daies be var aye be ee-go t'glade.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 14-15:

until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).


naame

From Middle English name, from Old English nama, from Proto-West Germanic *namō.

Yith w'had any lhuck, oor naame wode b' zung,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:

If we had any luck, our name would have been sung


priesth

From Middle English prest, from Old English prēost.

An a priesth o' parieshe on his lhaung-tyel garraane.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

And the priest of the parish on his long tail pony.

An a priesth o parieshe on his garrane baun,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

The priest of the parish on his white pony,


heereen

From Middle English heringe, from Old English gehēring.


angish

Derived from Middle English ange, means pinchedness or straitness of life.

Maa bee haghed i more caar an angish than Ich."

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

May be upset in more care and hardship than I."


nordh

From Middle English north, from Old English norþ.


loard

From Middle English lord, from Old English hlāford.


neeshte

From early *niskte, itself from southern Middle English nixte, from Old English nīhst.


neeshte

To our pleoughès an mulk-pylès till a neeshte holy die.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

To our ploughs and our milk-pails till the next holiday.


enteete

Derived from Middle English tyde, from Old English tīd (“time”), from Proto-Germanic *tīdiz (“time”).


fhyne

From Middle English fyn, from Old French fin, from Latin finis.


hearesth

From Middle English hervest, harvest, from Old English hærfest, from Proto-West Germanic *harbist.


baakooze

Borrowed from Irish bácús, from Middle English bakhous, from Old English bæchūs (“bakery, bakehouse”), from Proto-West Germanic *bakahūs (“bakehouse”).


fho

From Middle English who, from Old English hwā, from Proto-West Germanic *hwaʀ.

Fho told thee?


meezil

From Middle English myself, from Old English mē self, mē seolf, equivalent to mee + zil.


vourteen

From Middle English fourtene, from Old English fēowertēne.


vifteen

From Middle English fiftene, from Old English fīftīene.


zeventeen

From Middle English seventene, from Old English seofontēne.


vourthe

From Middle English fourthe, from Old English fēorþa. Cognate with Scots fourt (“fourth”).

Wee, Vassalès o' 'His Most Gracious Majesty,' Wilyame ee Vourthe,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 1-3:

We, the subjects of his Most Gracious Majesty, William IV.,


aalhouse

From Middle English alehous, from Old English ealuhūs; equivalent to *aal + heouse.


aamzil

From Middle English amselve, from Old English him selfum, equivalent to aam + zil.

Aar gentrize ware bibbern, aamzil cou no stoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Their gentry were quaking, themselves could not stand.


aager

From Middle English aker, from Old English æcer, from Proto-West Germanic *akr.

Dhen aager.


aany

From Middle English ani, from Old English ǣniġ, āniġ (“any”), from Proto-Germanic *ainagaz.

Ar aany noor dhing at woode comfoort mee,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:

Or any other thing that would comfort me,


aferdth

From Middle English afert, afered, past participle of aferen.


agyne

From Middle English agayn, from Old English āġēan, onġēan, onġeġn.

Thou leeesth if thou wasth Saan Vinteen, an Saan Vinteen agyne.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 52:

Thou liest if thou wast St. Finton, and St. Finton again.


agyther

Derived from Middle English gither, from Old English gæderian, from Proto-West Germanic *gadurōn.


almostly

Derived from Middle English almost, from Old English eallmǣst (“nearly all, almost, for the most part”). Morphologically, from al (“all”) + most + -ly.


alomes

From Middle English almesse, from Old English ælmesse, from Proto-West Germanic *alemōsinā, a borrowing from Vulgar Latin *alemosyna. Can be seen as *aolmes, compare *míolnach and milonach.


ameal

ashes, what is in a meal state, or in a mingled lot.


angerth

From Middle English angerd, past participle of Middle English angeren.


arkagh

Borrowed from Irish airceach (“hungry, ravenous”).

bor+

Wode zar; mot, all arkagh var ee barnaugh-blowe,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

Would serve; but, all eager for the barnagh-stroke,


baarich

/bɔːˈɾiːt͡ʃ/

/bɔːˈliːt͡ʃ/

From Middle English barlich, from Old English bærlīċ.


barrm

From Middle English barme, from Old English beorma, from Proto-West Germanic *bermō (“yeast; barm”).


barrn

From Middle English barn, from Old English bearn, bern, from Proto-West Germanic *barn (“child”).


bebber

From Middle English biveren. Cognate with English bever.


callef

From Middle English calf, from Old English ċealf, from Proto-West Germanic *kalb. Compare also halleef (“half”).


brimel

From Middle English brimbel, from Old English bræmbel, from Proto-West Germanic *brāmil.


bedreede

From Middle English bedrede, from Old English beddrida.


budheree

From Middle English boterie, from Old French boterie and Medieval Latin buteria, from Late Latin botāria.


blooeden

Blooeden eales.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


buthee

From Middle English bodi, from Old English bodiġ, from Proto-West Germanic *bodag.


arnaauneen

/ɔːnɔːˈniːn/

Derived from Irish airneán (“sitting up late”) + een.


brover

From Middle English brother, from Old English brōþor, from Proto-West Germanic *brōþer. Cognate with Cockney English bruvver.

Sank Joan is oor brover.


copprouse

Papaver rhoeas
Papaver rhoeas#Translingual

(figurative) corn poppy (bud), red poppy (bud), Papaver rhoeas (bud)


endeen

From Middle English endyng, from Old English endung.


atheen

From Middle English etynge, from Old English eting.


faace

From Middle English face, from Old French face, from Late Latin facia.


comfoort

*From Middle English comfort, from Old French cunfort, confort.
*From Middle English comforten, from Old French conforter, from Late Latin confortō

Mye thee friend ne're waant welcome, nor straayart comfoort.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

May thy friend ne'er want welcome, nor the stranger comfort.


Deenees

From Middle English Denis, from Old French Denis.

a male given name, equivalent to English Dennis


dhirtee

From Middle English thritty, from Old English þrītiġ.


dhourk

From Middle English durk, from Old English deorc, from Proto-West Germanic *derk.


ghurteare

From Middle English gartere, from Old French gartier.


Beedher

From Middle English Peter, from Old English Petrus, from Latin Petrus, from Ancient Greek Πέτρος (Pétros), from πέτρος (pétros, “stone, rock”).

a male given name, equivalent to English Peter


gendrize

From Middle English gentryse, from Old French genterise.


gannt

From Middle English gante, from Old English ganot.


drush

From Middle English thrusche, thryshe, from Old English þrysċe, from Proto-West Germanic *þruskijā.


earnough

Borrowed from Irish earráideach. The -n- was misspelled.

A gooude earnough.


Jaames

a male given name, equivalent to English James


Jennate

a female given name, equivalent to English Janet


halpish

From Middle English hardshipe, equivalent to hard + zhip.


harroue

From Middle English harwe, from Old English *hearwa.


gimlie

From Middle English chimeney, from Old French cheminee, from Late Latin camināta. Cognate with Scots chimlie. The voicing /t͡ʃ/ → /d͡ʒ/ was due to stress shift.


kuddan

Borrowed from Irish cadán (“caddis”), its wings resembles a blanket.


glaade

Goan to glaade; Gone to glaade.


flaase

From Middle English flees, from Old English flēos, from Proto-West Germanic *fleus.

Na speen to be multh, nar flaase to be shaure.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

no teat to be milked, nor fleece to be shorn.


kotlieough

Uncertain. Probably from Middle English cate (“gate”) + liegh (“field”).


hardhel

From Middle English hardel, from Old English hyrdel, from Proto-West Germanic *hurdil.


haapney

From Middle English hapeni, from Old English halpenige.

A near a haapney to paay a peepeare.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:


geearth

From Middle English geet, geat, goot, from Old English gāt, from Proto-West Germanic *gait.


Edweard

From Middle English *Edweard, from Old English Ēadweard, from Proto-West Germanic *Audawardu.

a male given name, equivalent to English Edward


lereke

From Middle English lerke, leverock, from Old English lāwerce, from Proto-West Germanic *laiwarikā.


kruck

From Middle English crokke, from Old English crocca, from Proto-West Germanic *kroggō.


lickweese

Lickweese mee been deeth in aar heeve.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:


llean

Borrowed from Irish léan (“evil or harm”).

bor+

He at nouth fade t'zey, llean vetch ee man,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

He that knows what to say, mischief fetch the man,


mileare

From Middle English millere, equivalent to mile + -eare.


knaggee

Fade teil thee zo lournagh, co Joane, zo knaggee?

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 84:

What ails you so melancholy, quoth John, so cross?


helbough

From Middle English elbohe, from Old English elnboga, from Proto-Germanic *alinabugô. Cognate with Scots elbuck.


lhawm

From Middle English lamb, loumbe, from Old English lamb, from Proto-West Germanic *lamb.


Neleen

a female given name, equivalent to English Nelly


mhyne

Chas mhyne weery.


milonach

Borrowed from Irish méalach. Can be seen as *míolnach, compare saalvache and zalavache.


lizure

From Middle English laysure, from Old French leisir, laisir, variants of loisir.


meouth

From Middle English mouth, from Old English mūþ, from Proto-West Germanic *munþ.


mossaale

From Middle English morsel, from Old French morsel, morsiel, morcel.


Mureesh

From Middle English Maurice, from Late Latin Mauritius.

a male given name, equivalent to English Maurice


heeve

From Middle English hyve, from Old English hȳf, from Proto-West Germanic *hūfi.

A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:

Lickweese mee been deeth in aar heeve.


keow

From Middle English cou, from Old English cū, from Proto-West Germanic *kō (“cow”).

Dhree brailès o' beanès, an a keow at was yole,

Three barrels of beans, and a cow that was old,


muthon

From Middle English motoun, from Old French mouton, from Vulgar Latin moltō.


knaughaan

Borrowed from Irish cnocán, equivalent to knaugh + -aan.


michty

From Middle English myghty, from Old English mihtig, from Proto-West Germanic *mahtīg.

Mee cuck was liveen michty well,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 102:


ourzels

Mang ourzels——var wee dwytheth an Irelonde az ure generale haime——

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 14-15:

Unto ourselves——for we look on Ireland to be our common country——


neape

From Middle English neep, from Old English nǣp, from Latin nāpus.


nodhing

From Middle English nothyng, from Old English nāþing.

Aar was nodhing ee-left mot a heade,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 102:

Mee piggès, mee geearthès, nor nodhing threeve,

Vear'd nodhing mot Portheare. Na skeine e'er ee-waare.

I feared nothing but Porter. No skein I ever wore.


khuingoke

/kwɪɲɔːˈkiː/


ooree

A war cowdealeen wi ooree.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 32:

Draugh a ooree, or Draugh a thooree.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 36:

Pa ooree.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 60:


harpeare

From Middle English harpere, from Old English hearpere.


measkeen

Either derived from Irish measc (“to mix”) or derived from Middle English mask, maske (“mesh”).

A flat-bottomed basket for straining potatoes.


Mondei

From Middle English Monday, from Old English mōnandæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *mānini dag.


Kealeen

Reduced Anglicized from Irish Ó Caollaidhe (“descendant of Caollaidhe”), a personal name based on the adjective caol (“slender, graceful”).


loothee

Derived from Middle English lewthe, from Old English hlēowþ.


mulke

From Middle English mulke, melke, from Old English melcan, meolcan.

Mulke a beasthes.


emothee

Derived from Middle English emot, from Old English ǣmete, from Proto-West Germanic *āmaitijā.

An broughet ee stell, ing a emothee knaghane.

Oore joys all ee-smort ing a emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Our joys are all smothered in a pismire-hill.

Twish thee an Tommeen, an ee emothee knaghane.

Betwixt you and Tommy and the pismire-hill.


nickht

From Middle English knict, from Old English cniht, from Proto-West Germanic *kneht.


zimmer

From Middle English somer, from Old English sumor, from Proto-West Germanic *sumar. Cognates include English summer and Scots simmer.


baskeat

This would point to the slang of the ring, where the breast is called the bread-basket.


cambaute

caam (“crooked”) + bath (“bat”). Original /a/ was lengthened to /ɔː/ when in last stressed syllable.


abeit

From the Middle English expression al be it (that), itself shortened from althagh it be that (“although it be that”).


w'ouse

Lidge w'ouse an a milagh, tis gaay an louthee:

Lie with us on the clover, 'tis fair and sheltered:


baush

Borrowed from Irish bas, bos (“palm of the hand”), from Old Irish bas, bos, from Proto-Celtic *bostā.


caushe

From Middle English cauce, from Anglo-Norman caucee (“route, highway”), from Vulgar Latin *calciāta, from either Latin calx (“limestone”) or calciō (“to stamp with the heels, tread”), from calx (“heel”).


baree

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.

Tommeen was lous, an zo was ee baree.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:


zaawe

From Middle English sawe, from Old English sagu, from Proto-West Germanic *sagu.


w'all

Mot w'all aar boust, hi soon was ee-teight

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

But with all their bravado they were soon taught


coome

head

coome (simple past caame, past participle ee-cam)

From Middle English comen, from Old English cuman, from Proto-West Germanic *kweman.

Coome to thee met; Coome thee wyse.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

Duggès an kauddès coome lick up a rhyme,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 108:

Dogs and cats came to lick up the cream.

A scalte croowe coome an taak aam awye,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 108:


lournagh

Derived from Middle English lorn, (past participle of lese, lesen (“to lose, be deprived of; to damn, doom to perdition”)) and Irish -ach.


erroane

From Middle English erand, from Old English ǣrende, from Proto-West Germanic *ārundī.


zouth

From Middle English south, from Old English sūþ.

Zouth wyeene.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 79:


zough

wee hert ee zough o'ye colure o' pace na name o' Mulgrave.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 8-9:

we heard the distant sound of the wings of the dove of peace, in the word Mulgrave.


zound

From Middle English soun, from Anglo-Norman sun, soun, from accusative of Latin sonus.


zoweare

From Middle English sowere, from Old English sāwere.


yersthei

From Middle English yurstai, from Old English ġierstandæġ.

Ear yersthei.


zweal

From Middle English swelen, from Old English swelan, from Proto-West Germanic *swelan.

Baakhooses an lauckès war aul ee a zweal.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:

[Ovens and locks were all in the swale.]


zoane

From Middle English sand, from Old English sand, from Proto-West Germanic *samd.


teoun

Yole teoun.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 80:

OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 9.

When Mr. Poole wrote his Gazetteer about 1823, the Norrises were still dwelling on their forefathers' teoun.


bandēle

From Middle English bandell, from Old French bendel, bandel, diminutive of bende, bande.


bawen

Borrowed from Irish bán (“walled enclosure”).


barnaugh

Borrowed from Irish bairneach. Related to English barnacle.

Wode zar; mot, all arkagh var ee barnaugh-blowe,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

Would serve; but, all eager for the barnagh-stroke,


beanès

From Middle English bene, from Old English bēan, from Proto-West Germanic *baunu, from Proto-Germanic *baunō.

Aar was pizzeen, an beanès, an barich amang.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:

There were pease and beans, and barley-mung.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:


faade

From Middle English waet, from Old English hwæt, from Proto-West Germanic *hwat.

Var faade?

Faade ee-happen'd mee lauthest Gooude Vreedie.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1:


faade

From Middle English faden, from Old French fader.

F. aake, faace, faade, glaade, laace, maake.


bebbereens

From Middle English beveringe, equivalent to bebber + -een + -s. Cognate with English bevering.


belooze

From Middle English belose, plural of belu, belwe, a northern form of bely.


benagh

Coordinate term: fungerlagh


besmorth

From Middle English bi smeored, from Old English besmirwan, besmierwan (“to besmear”).


breal

From Middle English *brylen (“to singe, scorch, attested in bryled”).

inh

to singe, scorch, attested in <i class="Latn mention" lang="enm">bryled</i>

Trippeathès an brand-eyrons war ee-brougkt to a big breal.

[Trippets and brandirons were brought to the large fire.]


boouchel

From Middle English bokel, from Old French boucle, from Latin buccula, diminutive of bucca (“cheek”).


blautheer

From Middle English bladre, from Old English blǣdre, blēdre (“blister, bladder”). Cognate with English blather and Scots blether.


buththone

From Middle English button, from Old French boton.


tyel

From Middle English tayl, from Old English tæġl.

An a priesth o' parieshe on his lhaung-tyel garraane.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

And the priest of the parish on his long tail pony.


verilie

From Middle English verily, equivalent to veree + -lie.

an, az wee verilie chote,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, line 3:


broan

From Middle English brōnd, brānd, from Old English brand, brond, from Proto-West Germanic *brand.

hoat broan


blauke

From Middle English blaken (“to frighten”), from Old English blācian (“to become pale”).


commaun

Borrowed from Irish camán. By surface analysis, caam (“crooked”) + -án (“Irish noun suffix”).


coolaan

Ich woode be pitcht ee kurkeen, ar zippeen, to a coolaan.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

I would be poked into the mow or the stack up to the back of my head.


houghany

Possibly from Middle English hough (“heel”) + -an (“suffix forming noun, from Irish -án”) + -y (“adjective suffix”).

Houghany set.


parieshe

From Middle English parisshe, from Old French paroisse, from Late Latin parochia.

An a priesth o parieshe on his garrane baun,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

The priest of the parish on his white pony,


buthther

From Middle English butter, from Old English butere, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā. It is a vulgar pronunciation of butter throughout Ireland.

Muskawn of buthther.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 58:


weddeen

From Middle English weddynge, from Old English weddung.

Aar was a weddeen ee Ballymore,

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 77

Chul zing o a weddeen o Paudeen Foughlaan,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

I'll sing of the wedding of Paddy Coughlan,


Billeen

Billeen Scalaane an hys yola moan,

"Faad thay goul ez upa thee, thou stouk" co Billeen,

"What the divil is on you, you fool?" quoth Billy;

Co Sooney, "Billeen dowst thee zee faads lewer,

Says Alice "Billy, do you see what's yonder?"

'Tus a gearded ee freightened Billeen's yola caule.

'Twas a goat that frightened Billy's old caule (horse).

a male given name, equivalent to English Billy


zeene

From Middle English sygne, from Old English seġn, from Latin signum (“sign”).


zeeth

From Middle English *siþe, from Old English sīþ.


zeade

From Middle English seed, from Old English sǣd, from Proto-West Germanic *sād.


bederup

From Middle English bederip, from Old English bedrīp.


betweesk

From Middle English bitwixe, from Old English betweox.


bidaades

Borrowed from English potato, from Spanish patata, itself borrowed from Taíno batata.

Aar was bidaades an heereen.


blauyke

Unetymological was influnced by Irish <ái> /aː/ & <ói> /oː/.


lhause

Lhause a dher.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 34:


dezeen

From Middle English doseyne, from Old French dozaine.


dhonal

*don + -el. Related to English dunny (“dummy, an unintelligent person”).


dher

From Middle English dur, from Old English duru, from Proto-West Germanic *dur.

Lhause a dher; Theene a dher.

Tine a dher.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 72:


brazon

From Middle English brasen, from Old English bræsen.


brandeyrons

From Middle English brandiren, from Old English brandīren, brandīsen.


brough

To his sweethearth, an smack lick a dab of a brough.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

To his sweetheart, and smacked like a slap of a shoe.


burdès

From Middle English burd, from Old English bridd.


buoyren

Possibly cognate with English bullying. Unetymological was influnced by Irish <úi> /uː/.


butheree

From Middle English *butery; equivalent to buthther + -ee.


Caut

a female given name, equivalent to English Kate


caulthe

From Middle English callen, from Old English ceallian and Old Norse kalla, both from Proto-Germanic *kalzōną.


'chas

Ich as (or 'chas) greatly blin.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 26:


'cha

From Middle English ichave; equivalent to 'ch- + have.

Amang wefty jhemes, 'cha jeist ee-rid apan.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Among cobwebby scraps, I have just alighted on.


'chull

'ch- + wull. Cognate with English chill.


'cham

'Cham afear'd ich mosth cress a Shanaan,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:


chemis

From Middle English chippe. Original /-p/ was voiced to /-m/ after long /iː/, compare Phielim (“Philip”).


chourle

From Middle English churl, from Old English ċeorl, from Proto-Germanic *karilaz.


coardhed

The past participle of a verb *coardhe, from Irish cuardaigh (“to search”), from Middle Irish cúartaigid.

Coardhed an recoardhed.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


coolecannan

Borrowed from Irish cál ceannann. Cognate to English colcannon.

Maade a nicest coolecannan that e'er ye did zee.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 94:

Made the nicest coolecannan that ever you did see.

A mixed dish of winter greens and potatoes, butter and pepper, similar to colcannon.


cozeen

From Middle English cosyn, from Old French cosin (and feminine cosine), inherited from Latin cōnsōbrīnus.


cowdealeen

From unattested Middle English *skodlinge, metathesis of Middle English skoldinge. Initial s- was lost before /kuː/, compare keowe (“shove”).

A war cowdealeen wi ooree.


craueen

Craneen t' thee wee aam, thee luggès shell aake.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Choking to thee with them. Thy ears shall ache.


curneale

From Middle English cornel, from Anglo-Norman cornere.


crookeen

From Middle English crokynge. Equivalent to curk + -een.

Y'oure w' thee crookeen, an yie mee thee hoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Give over your crossness, and give me your hand.


curcagh

curk (“to squat”) + -agh (“from Irish -ach”)

suffix

from Irish <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">-ach</i>

Th’ weithest all curcagh, wafur, an cornee.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 84:

You seem all snappish, uneasy, and fretful.


curkite

curk (“to squat”) + -ite (“past participle suffix borrowed from Irish”).


curthere

From Middle English quarter, from Anglo-Norman quarter, from Latin quartārius.

Arraugh curthere; Zummer curthere; Harrest curthere; Wonter curthere.


croowe

From Middle English crowe, from Old English crāwe, from Proto-West Germanic *krāā.

A scalte croowe coome an taak aam awye,

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 108:


cusseraane

Derived from Irish cabhsa + -ron. Compare hamaron.


dearnt

Cognate with English derned (“hided”). The dearnt in quotation should be dearn.

Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearnt up ee skee.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

Our eyes would be dazzled to look up to the sky.


dansth

A peepeare struck ap; wough dansth aul in a ring;

The piper struck up, we danced all in a ring,


deligkt

From Middle English deliȝt, from Old French delit.


deoune

From Middle English doun, from Old English dūne, aphetic form of adūne, from ofdūne (“off the hill”).


donel

Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.


dhreeve

From Middle English driven, from Old English drīfan, from Proto-West Germanic *drīban.


detch

From Middle English thacchen, from Old English þeċċan, from Proto-West Germanic *þakkjan.


dhunder

From Middle English thonder, from Old English þunor, from Proto-West Germanic *þunr.


dieeght

head

dieeght (past participle ee-deight or deight)

ee-deight (participle past)
deight (participle past)

From Middle English dighten, from Old English dihtan.


dhurth

From Middle English durt, from Old Norse drit, from Proto-Germanic *dritą, *dritō (“excrement”).

Aar's dhurth a heighe.


drummaun

A girth over the horse's back to keep up the trace, a ridge tie.


drostal

From Middle English throstel, from Old English þrostle, from Proto-West Germanic *þrostlā.


eatheet

From Middle English evetyde (“evening”), from Old English ǣfentīd.


eeeloan

Probably inherited from Middle English ilond, from Old English īeġland, from Proto-West Germanic *auwjuland.
Poole compares it to Irish oileán, but this seems unnecessary. The undiphthongised i-vowel is also found in e.g. eeren (“iron”), neen (“nine”), peepeare (“piper”), and the second syllable is the same as lhoan (“land”), hoane (“hand”).


egast

From Middle English agasten (“to terrify”).


eeth

From Middle English ethe, from Old English īeþe, from Proto-West Germanic *auþī.


errone

At aar errone was var ameing 'ar 'ngish ee-height.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

That their errand was aiming to bring anguish upon them.


egasted

From Middle English agasted, past participle of agasten (“to terrify”).


eord

From Middle English eorðe, from Old English eorþe, from Proto-West Germanic *erþu.


fagoghes

From Middle English fagot, from Old French fagot.


falsakeen

Borrowed from Irish *fallásaichín, unattested diminutive of fallásach (“fallacious”).

An unprincipled character, a false person.


falloo

From Middle English falow, from Old English fealg, from Proto-West Germanic *falgu.


fardele

From Middle English farendel, from Old English fēorþan dǣl.


farragh

From Middle English *farow (found only in the plural faren), from Old English fearh (“piglet”), from Proto-West Germanic *farh.


Fearde

The bar of Forth, a dangerous salt water inlet.


fartoo

Huck nigher; y'art scuddeen; fartoo zo hachee?

Come nearer; you're rubbing your back; why so ill tempered?

Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;

Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask what ails me, and for what;


feand

From Middle English feend, from Old English fēond, from Proto-Germanic *fijandz.


fousthen

From Middle English fasynge (“leek root”), equivalent to fash + -een. The spelling was influenced by English fasten /ˈfɑːsən/.


fowlès

From Middle English fowel, from Old English fugol, from Proto-West Germanic *fugl.


gaame

* From Middle English game, from Old English gamen, from Proto-West Germanic *gaman.
* From Middle English gamen, from Old English gamenian.

Go gaame abuth Forth, thou unket saalvache.

Go, make game about Forth, thou uncouth sloven.

Risheenearès! Leth aam gaame wee aar barish-amang,

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

Snack-eaters! let them game, with their barley-mung.


gandelt

Than stalket, an gandelt, wie o! an gridane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Then stalked and wondered, with oh! and with grief.


garraane

An a priesth o' parieshe on his lhaung-tyel garraane.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

And the priest of the parish on his long tail pony.


gandet

Borrowed from Irish gandal, from Old Irish ganndal (“gander”), borrowed from Old English ganra.


gaubbach

From Middle English cabache, from Anglo-Norman caboche.


gauntletès

From Middle English gauntelet, from Old French gantelet.


gazb

Come adh o' mee gazb.

Th' ball want a cowlee, the gazb maate all rize;

The ball o'er shot the goal, the dust rose all about;


gentrize

Aar gentrize ware bibbern, aamzil cou no stoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Their gentry were quaking, themselves could not stand.


geinere

From Middle English joynour, from Old French joigneor.


gidhaan

Borrowed from Irish geadán (“bare patch, bottom”).


gnafeen

From Middle English gnaȝen (“to gnaw”), from Old English gnagan, from Proto-West Germanic *gnagan. Compare also Middle English gnaffed.

Gnafeen a beanes.


gozp

From Middle English godzibbe, gossippe, from Old English godsibb.


goounees

From Middle English goodnesse, from Old English gōdnes, from Proto-West Germanic *gōdnassī.


gooude

From Middle English good, from Old English gōd, from Proto-West Germanic *gōd.

A gooude earnough.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 37:

Hea's a gooude lickeen bye; Shea's a gooude lickeen michel.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 54:

He's a good-looking boy; She's a good-looking girl.

Gooude Vreedie.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 76:

Aar was a gooude puddeen maate o bran.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:

An gooude usquebaugh ee-sarith uth in cooanès.

And good whiskey served out in wooden cans.


greeleen

From Middle English grelyng, equivalent to gry + -leen.


greash

From Middle English grace, from Old French grace, from Latin grātia.

Greash an' goouness.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


grieefeth

From Middle English greven, from Old French grever, from Latin gravō, gravāre.


grenge

From Middle English grange, from Old French grange, from Gallic Vulgar Latin *grānica.


gring

From Middle English gryne, from Old French groign, from Late Latin grunium, grunia.


grieend

From Middle English grynden, from Old English grindan, from Proto-West Germanic *grindan.


grynedaane

From Middle English gryndynge, equivalent to grieend + -een.


hatcheat

From Middle English hachet, from Old French hachete.


halluf

Halluf mond.


haail

Haail Maree!


haddokès

From Middle English had (“head”) + -ok (“diminutive suffix”).

Little heads, imperfectly thrashed heads of corn, left after winnowing.


halleef

From Middle English half, from Old English healf, from Proto-West Germanic *halb.


hamaron

From Middle English hameron, equivalent to hamas + -ron.

Doost thou know fidi is a hamaron?


harpleat

From Middle English harplen (“to hobble”) + -eat (“-et”), literally little hobbler. Compare also laupeen (“plover”).


harrm

From Middle English harm, from Old English hearm, from Proto-West Germanic *harm.


heaaven

From Middle English heaven, heoven, from Old English heofon, from Proto-West Germanic *hebun.


hawlse

From Middle English halsen (“to beseech”), from Old English hālsian, from Proto-West Germanic *hailisōn, *hailasōn, from Proto-Germanic *hailisōną (“to greet”). Compare dialectal English halse (“to beseech”).


hearthilee

Ye be welcome, hearthilee welcome, mee joees,

You are welcome, heartily welcome, my joys,


heiftem

Th' heiftem o' pley vell all ing to lug;

The weight of the play fell into the hollow;


hemust

From Middle English hyndmost, from Old English hindemest, superlative of hindema.


heouse

From Middle English hous, from Old English hūs, from Proto-West Germanic *hūs.


henteen

hent (“to hold”) + -een (“ing”). Compare English holding (“tenure, farm”).


hoane

From Middle English hond, from Old English hand, from Proto-West Germanic *handu.

Ryaught hoane.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:

Reicht hoane.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 64:

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.

Y'oure w' thee crookeen, an yie mee thee hoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Give over your crossness, and give me your hand.

Outh o'mee hoane ch'ull no part wi' Wathere.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

Out of my hand I'll not part with Walter.


hereen

From Middle English hēring, from Old English hǣring, from Proto-West Germanic *hāring.


hoornta

From Middle English hornd. The unetymological <-a> /-ә/ was inserted to separate consonants.


hungherth

From Middle English hungred, past participle of hungren.


iree

From Middle English ayry, equivalent to aare + -ee.


hulmogee

/hʊɫmɔːˈɡiː/

Derived from English holm oak + -ee (“suffix to form noun”).


Jockeen

From Middle English Jackin, Jankin, a popular pet form of Jone.

a male given name, equivalent to English Jack


jhemes

Reed jhemes.

Amang wefty jhemes, 'cha jeist ee-rid apan.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Among cobwebby scraps, I have just alighted on.


ieen

From Middle English eien, plural of eie, from Old English ēage, from Proto-West Germanic *augā.


jooudge

From Middle English juge, from Old French juge, from Latin iūdex, iūdicem.


kearnt

Cognate with English kerned (“projected”).


kaudès

From Middle English kat, katte, from Old English catt, from Proto-West Germanic *kattu.


kimleare

kimmel (“to benumb”) + -eare (agentive suffix)


kaayle

From Middle English kal, variant of col, from Old English cawel, borrowed from Latin caulis.

Aar was lhaung kaayle an nettles, ee-mixt wee prasaugh buee,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 94:

There was long kale and nettles, mingled with yellow-weed,


keowe

From Middle English scove. Initial s- was lost before /kuː/, compare cowdealeen (“scolding”).


khimed

From Middle English kemben, from Old English cemban, from Proto-West Germanic *kambijan.


kerchure

From Middle English kercher, from Old French couvrechief.


kishe

Borrowed from Irish cis, ceis (“basket, hamper”).


kimmelt

From Middle English comeled, past participle of comelen, comblen (“to benumb”), from Old French combler, from Latin cumulō.


koornt

Koornt vleash.


koaver

From Middle English cofre, from Old French cofre, coffre, from Latin cophinus.


knouth

head

knouth (third-person singular simple present nouth, simple past knew)

nouth (present singular third-person)
knew (past)

From Middle English knowen, from Old English cnāwan, from Proto-West Germanic *knāan. Quotation should be analyzed as knou /nuː/ + Irish th /h/ + em /iːm/. This misspelling shows that these Yola speakers were often acquainted with Irish.

Ich knouth em.


laace

From Middle English lace, lase, from Old French las.


laane

From Middle English lane, from Old English lanu, from Proto-West Germanic *lanu.


laaye

From Middle English leyen, from Old English leċġan, from Proto-West Germanic *laggjan.


laate

From Middle English late, from Old English læt, from Proto-West Germanic *lat.


lacheate

From Middle English lachet, from Old French lachet.


laupeen

laupe (“to leap”) + -een (“diminutive suffix, borrowed from Irish -ín”), literally little leaper. Compare also harpleat (“sniper”).

suffix

diminutive suffix, borrowed from Irish <i class="Latn mention" lang="ga">-ín</i>

The green plover, leaping or running bird.


lhaungher

From early Middle English lengeren (“to lengthen, extend, stretch”).


leiough

Leiough ut ee die.


lemethès

From Middle English leme + -eth (“-et”). Compare West English libbets (limbets).

A laafe ing lemethès chote wel ta ba zang,

A leaf in tatters, I know well to be sung,


lauckeen

An aar was a hundereth lauckeen vowre score.

And there was a hundred, lacking four score;


lhoan

From Middle English lond, from Old English land, from Proto-West Germanic *land.

Bloomer's Lhoan

GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY


lhowsaane

From Middle English lousynge, equivalent to lhowse + -aane.


lethel

From Middle English litel, lettele, from Old English lȳtel, from Proto-West Germanic *lūtil.

Lethel vinger.


leeigh

head

leeigh (present participle leeigheen or leigheen or leighen)

leeigheen (participle present)
leigheen (participle present)
leighen (participle present)

From Middle English leighȝen, from Old English hlæhhan, from Proto-West Germanic *hlahhjan.

At skelpearès an slaugheardhès mye leeigh aar oer vill.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:

That the piglings and pigs may laugh their overfill.


lhose

From Middle English lās, lasse, from Old English lǣs.


lickeen

From Middle English lukynge, equivalent to looke + -een.

looking, or looks in face, or appearance.


lhaung

From Middle English long, from Old English lang, from Proto-West Germanic *lang.

Aar was Thieg, an' Joane, an lhaung Jauane,

There was Thadee, and John, and long Joan,

Wee aar lhaung vlealès an pikkès, to waaite apan a breede.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

With their long flails and picks, to wait upon the bride.

Lhaung life to Misteare Reedforth an his vamilee,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:

Long life to Mister Radford and his family;

Lhaung mye thye live in prosperitee;

A skudhelès, lhaung roosta, wull glaude leth aam what.

The knives, that were long rusty, well-pleased let them whet.


lhygt

From Middle English ligt, from Old English lēoht, from Proto-West Germanic *leuht.

Mizluck mye lhygt on Tam Busheare;

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 104:


leveen

From Middle English leven, from Old French levain, from Latin levāmen.


liveer

From Middle English liver, comparative form of live (“dear, beloved”).


lownnick

lone (“land”) + -ick (“diminutive suffix”). Literally, little land.


lotherwite

From Middle English lother (“more unpleasant”) + Middle English wite (“punishment”).

inh

Various kinds of heriots paid by the tenants to the lord.


luggès

Craneen t' thee wee aam, thee luggès shell aake.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Choking to thee with them. Thy ears shall ache.


luther

From earlier /lɛˈðiː/, from Middle English lether, from Old English leþer, from Proto-West Germanic *leþr, from Proto-Germanic *leþrą. Cognate with English leather (verb).

A plaauge apan Portheare! Hea'de luther me waal,

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

A plague upon Porter, he'd hide me well,


maarl

From Middle English marle, from Old French marle, from Late Latin margila.


maleet

From Middle English maylet, from Old French maillet, maillot.


Marteen

a male given name, equivalent to English Martin


marreet

Hea marreet dear Phielim to his sweet Jauane.

He married dear Phelim to his sweet Joan.


Malcheen

From *Malde (“Matilda”) + -kin (“diminutive suffix”), cognate with English malkin.

suffix

a female given name, equivalent to English Maudie


marrough

From Middle English marouȝ, from Old English mearg, from Proto-West Germanic *maʀg.


Margraate

From Middle English Margaret, from Old French Margaret, from Latin Margarita.

a female given name, equivalent to English Margaret


Milchare

a male given name, equivalent to English Mitchell


mydhen

From Middle English mayden, from Old English mæġden, from Proto-West Germanic *magadīn.


mithel

From Middle English middel, medil, from Old English middel.


mistern

From Middle English misten, from Old English mistian. Cognate with English misting.

Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearnt up ee skee.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

Our eyes would be dazzled to look up to the sky.


mizleare

Derived from Middle English misleren (“to misteach”), from Old English mislǣran.


moodher

From Middle English moder, mother, from Old English mōdor.


moulteen

More trolleen, an yalpeen, an moulteen away.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:

More rolling and spewing, and pining away.


mothee

Derived from Middle English mote (“mound, hill”) + -ee (“diminutive suffix”)


mycheare

From Middle English mycher; equivalent to myche + -eare.


Naneen

a female given name, equivalent to English Nanny


naate

From Middle English nete, from Anglo-Norman neit, a variant of Old French net, nette, from Latin nitidus (“gleaming”).


multh

From Middle English multe (“be tender, grow compassionate”), from Old English meltan, from Proto-West Germanic *meltan.


nizterels

From Middle English nesethirl, from Old English næsþȳrel.


neow

From Middle English nou, from Old English nū, from Proto-West Germanic *nū.


noughel

From Middle English knokel, from Old English cnucel, from Proto-West Germanic *knukil. Cognate with Scots knockle.


noucht

From Middle English nought, from Old English nāwiht, from Proto-West Germanic *naiwwiht.


neeght

From Middle English nyghte, from Old English niht, from Proto-West Germanic *naht.


neeghe

nigher (comparative)
neicher (comparative)

From Middle English nighe, from Old English nēah.

Neeghe a heighe thoornes (or thoweares) o' Culpake

1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 18:

Hea raan awye del hea caame neeghe Burstheoune.

1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 2-3:

He ran away until he came nigh to Bridgetown.


oananooree

/ɔːnənuːˈɾiː/


palske

Metathesis of earlier *paskel, from Middle English wastel (“a kind of fine white bread or cake”).

A kind of cake, usually made for weddings.


parboles

From Middle English parable, from Old French parable, parabole, from Late Latin parabola.


oathès

From Middle English oth (“oath”), from Old English āþ, from Proto-West Germanic *aiþ.


pappee

Derived from Middle English pap, from Old French papa and Medieval Latin papo.


parcheka

Borrowed from Irish piocthacht (“neatness, spruceness”).


peepeare

From Middle English piper, from Old English pīpere.

A near a haapney to paay a peepeare.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:

A peepeare struck ap; wough dansth aul in a ring;

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 96:

The piper struck up, we danced all in a ring,


kaake

Thou ne'er eighthest buskès, whit palskès, breede-kaake.

Thou never eatedst spiced bread, white palskes, (or) bride-cake.


hornta

Hornta beast.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


haoleghey

From Middle English hole (“whole”) + Middle English geyfe, gẹ̄ve (“give”). Literally, to give out meat and oil before Ash Wednesday.


lauthest

Faade ee-happen'd mee lauthest Gooude Vreedie.

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1:


lythea

Lythea dug.


milagh

Lidge w'ouse an a milagh, tis gaay an louthee:

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 84:

Lie with us on the clover, 'tis fair and sheltered:


muzleare

Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,


nypore

From Middle English neypur, from Old English nēahġebūr, from Proto-West Germanic *nāhwagabūrō.


peadher

From Middle English peutre, from Old French peautre, from Vulgar Latin *peltrum (“pewter”).


pilleen

pillion, cloth stuffed as a saddle, and fastened on the horse with a surcingle.


pitheye

From Middle English pite, petie, from Old French pité, from Latin pietas, pietatem.


poage

Zoo wough aul vell a-danceen; earch bye gae a poage

So we all fell a-dancing; each boy gave a kiss


plathearès

From Middle English plater, from Anglo-Norman plater.

Raree met in plathearès, ee-zet in a rooe,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

There was choice meat in platters, set in a row,


poumgaam

From Middle English pewlynge (“crying plaintively”). The -l- was assimilated by final -m, -n.


Potteran

From Middle English Potter. The genitive suffix -an was inherited from Old English.

Potteran Hullès.


porther

From Middle English porter, from Anglo-Norman porter, portour, from Late Latin portātor, portātōrem.


poustee

From Middle English pouste, from Anglo-Norman pousté and Old French posté, poesté, from Latin potestās, potestāt-.

T' brek up ee bathès h' had na poustee;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

To break up the goal they had not power;


polm

From Middle English palme, from Old English palm, palma, from Latin palma.


pulmere

From Middle English poll (“stake”) + mere (“boundary”).

A division of a field held in strips between different occupiers.


pussough

From Middle English pursyf, from Anglo-Norman porsif, from Old French poussif.

A pussough mydhe; Pussough caake.


rasth

From Middle English raste, from Old English ræst, from Proto-West Germanic *rastu.

rest from labour, also the rest or remainder


readeare

From Middle English redere, from Old English rǣdere, from Proto-West Germanic *rādāri; equivalent to reade + -eare.


raaye

From Middle English rathe (“quickly, quick”), from Old English hraþe (“quickly”), from Proto-West Germanic *hraþō, *hradō (“quickly”), adverb form of *hraþ, *hrad (“quick”).


reeche

From Middle English riche, from Old English rīċe, from Proto-West Germanic *rīkī.


reeshp

From Middle English rispen, compare rasp.


reoue

From Middle English rewe, from Old English rāw.


returnth

From Middle English returnen, from Anglo-Norman returner.

Zoo wough aul returnth hime, contented an gaay,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 96:

So we all returned home, contented and gay,


risheen

An afternoon luncheon, a snack in the evening.


robunkshough

/ɾɔːbʊŋkˈʃɔːɡ/

A nasal form from Middle English robuck (“roe deer”) and Middle English schough (“forest”). Compare also kink (“to kick”).


zhiprocke

From Middle English shipwrak, from Old English sċipwræc (“jetsam”), equivalent to zhip + rocke.


rooze

From Middle English rousen, from Anglo-Norman reuser, ruser.


roostha

From Middle English rusty, from Old English rustiġ.


Rubbeen

a male given name, equivalent to English Robin


scholleare

From Middle English scholer, from Old English scōlere, from Late Latin scholāris.


saalvache

Go gaame abuth Forth, thou unket saalvache.

Go, make game about Forth, thou uncouth sloven.


rothed

From Middle English roten, rotten, from Old English rotian (“to rot, become corrupted, ulcerate, putrefy”), from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn.


ropeare

Possibly from Middle English robbere (“robber”), from Old French robeor.

Ayenst zim vartful ropeare at a rumcht ouse avar.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Against some wanton ranter that has raved (at) us before.


saaughe

Borrowed from Irish sách (“satisfied”), from Old Irish sáithech, sáthach.

Myne saaughe.

Cambridge University Press
Raymond Hickey


scaul

From Middle English scalled, past participle of Middle English scalden, from Old Northern French escalder (cf. central Old French eschauder, eschalder), from Late Latin excaldāre (“bathe in hot water”), from Latin ex- (“off, out”) + cal(i)dus (“hot”). Final -t was dropped after long /ɔː/.

der

Scaul hoate.


shaadh

From Middle English shede, from Old English sċēaþ, from Proto-West Germanic *skaiþiju.


shaade

From Middle English schade, from Old English sċeadu, from Proto-West Germanic *skadu.


scuddeen

Huck nigher; y'art scuddeen; fartoo zo hachee?

Come nearer; you're rubbing your back; why so ill tempered?


shaamfasth

From Middle English shamefast, from Old English sċamfæst.


shaaumeless

From Middle English shameles, from Old English sċamlēas.


shaure

Na speen to be multh, nar flaase to be shaure.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

no teat to be milked, nor fleece to be shorn.


Shaneen

Heve a dishen an trenshoorès awye, Shaneen;

Heave the dishes and the trenchers away, little John;


sheakeare

Borrowed from Irish seangaire (“thin person”).


sheardhe

From Middle English scherd, from Old English sċeard.

Venie shearde.


shilleen

From Middle English schilling, from Old English scilling.

A heeve o' been, an dwanty shilleen.

1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:


sheck

Borrowed from Irish sioc (“frost”), from Middle Irish sicc.


shederow

From Middle English schiterow, from schite (“diarrhoea”) or schiten (“to defecate”) and an unknown second element (possibly Old English *hrāga, a dissimilatory form of hrāgra (“heron”)).


sheare

From Middle English schere, from Old English scēar, scēr.


shrude

From Middle English schroud, from Old English sċrūd.


shullereen

/ˌʃʊləˈɾiːn/

From Middle English schulderyng, equivalent to shuller + -een.

Than caame ee shullereen, ee teap an corkite;

Then came the shouldering, tossing, and tumbling;


shor

From Middle English share, from Old English scear (“plowshare”).


skaulès

From Middle English scale, from Old French escale.


sippeare

Borrowed from Irish suipéar, from Middle Irish suipér, from Anglo-Norman soper.


shuller

From Middle English schuldre, from Old English sċuldra, from Proto-West Germanic *skuldru.


skunnaan

Borrowed from Irish scailleagán. The -ll- was assimilated by final -n.


skelpearès

Cognate with English skelper (“whopper”).

At skelpearès an slaugheardhès mye leeigh aar oer vill.

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 106:

That the piglings and pigs may laugh their overfill.


slendeare

From Middle English sclendre, from Old French esclendre.


skleat

From Middle English sclate, from Old French esclate.


skudhelès

Compare West English scottle (“to shear, cut off.”)

A skudhelès, lhaung roosta, wull glaude leth aam what.

The knives, that were long rusty, well-pleased let them whet.


slouveen

From Middle English sloven, from Middle Flemish sloovin (“a scold”).


slouk

From Middle English slugge, from Old Norse slókr.


shoorth

From early Middle English scurte, from Old English sċyrte, from Proto-West Germanic *skurtijā.


smockeen

From Middle English smokynge, equivalent to smock + -een.


smaale

From Middle English smal, from Old English smæl, from Proto-West Germanic *smal.


slougherdhès

Derived from Irish slogaire (“swallower”), equivalent to slug (“to eat greedily”) + -er.


sneesheen

Borrowed from Irish snaoisín. Cognate with Scots sneeshin.


smolke

A diminutive from smote (“heavy stroke”).


sneow

From Middle English snow, from Old English snāw, from Proto-West Germanic *snaiw.

Aar's a dole o' sneow apa greound to-die.

1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:

There is a deal of snow upon the ground to-day.


spaade

From Middle English spade, from Old English spadu.


speale

From Middle English spelen, from Old English spelian. Cognate with English spell (“to rest from work for a time”).


spourr

From Middle English spourre, from Old English spora.


steout

From Middle English stoute, from Old French estout.


spraay

From Middle English spray, from Old English *spræg, sprei (found in place names such as that of Spreyton, England), of unknown origin.


starth

From Middle English starten, from Old English styrtan, from Proto-West Germanic *sturtijan.


sthall

From Middle English stale, from Anglo-Norman estal (“urine”).


stheel

From Middle English stele, from Old English stīele, from Proto-West Germanic *stahlī.


sthiers

From Middle English steire, from Old English stǣġer, from Proto-West Germanic *staigri.


sthill

From Middle English stile, stell, from Old English stela, steola.


sthit

From Middle English stud, from Old English stōd.

Pa sthit.


sthole

From Middle English stale, from Old English steall, from Proto-West Germanic *stall.


sthoane

head

sthoane (third-person singular stondeth)

From Middle English stonden, from Old English standan, from Proto-West Germanic *standan.


stheeves

From Middle English staf, from Old English stæf, from Proto-West Germanic *stab.


sthoan

F. broan, eeloan, hoan, loan, sthoan, sthroan.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.

Alternative form of sthoane (“to stand”)


stoane

Aamezil cou no stoane.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 32:


sthraught

From Middle English *strāȝed, past participle of strayen.


stharm

From Middle English starme, from Old English storm, from Proto-West Germanic *sturm.


sthroane

From Middle English stronde, from Old English strand.


stouck

From Middle English stok, from Old English stocc, from Proto-West Germanic *stokk. Cognate with English stock (“one who has little sense”).


straayd

From Middle English strayen, from Old French estraier.


straayart

Mye thee friend ne're waant welcome, nor straayart comfoort.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

May thy friend ne'er want welcome, nor the stranger comfort.


streu

From Middle English striven, from Old French estriver.


streigkt

From Middle English streighte, from Old French estreit, from Latin strictus.


stuckeen

From Middle English stokkynge, equivalent to stouck + -een.


stuggoone

Borrowed from Irish stagún (“a lazy fellow”).

bor+

Adee! well zide, stuggoone, an thee raste o' graabache.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 100:

Ha! well said, (with thy) bad bread, and thy rest of garbage.


surchte

From Middle English serche, from Old French cerche.


taaste

From Middle English taste, from Old French tast.


taape

An awi gome her egges wi a wheel an car taape,

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

And away went her eggs, with the car overset.


thaare

Thaare was yola Jem Mahony, a noted pipere,

There was old Jem Mahony, a noted piper,


tellgence

/tɛɫˈd͡ʒɛns/

From Middle English intelligence, from Old French intelligence, from Latin intellegentia, intelligentia.


teoune

From Middle English toun, from Old English tūn, from Proto-West Germanic *tūn.


teap

to tip, toss, overturn, tumble one another about.


teap

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:


tharvizeen

scolding, contending, tormenting, struggling


theene

Theene a dher.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 34:


thaugkt

From Middle English thought, from Old English þōht.


thif

From Middle English syflen, from Old French sifler.


Thieg

Aar was Thieg, an' Joane, an lhaung Jauane,

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 94:

There was Thadee, and John, and long Joan,

a male given name, equivalent to English Teague


thoome

From Middle English thombe, from Old English þūma, from Proto-West Germanic *þūmō.


thorelucke

From Middle English thurel (“hole”) + -uck (“diminutive suffix”).


Thommeen

a male given name, equivalent to English Tommy


threesh

From Middle English trace, from Old French trace.


threeve

From Middle English thryven, from Old Norse þrífa, from Proto-Germanic *þrībaną.

Mee piggès, mee geearthès, nor nodhing threeve,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 104:


Thorsdei

From Middle English Thoresday, from Old English þursdæġ.


thraame

Gooude var nat oan dhing, niether treesh ar thraame;

Good for not one thing; neither for the trace, nor the car.


trameal

From Middle English tramel, from Anglo-Norman tramel. Literally a person who is as slow as the hopper of a mill.


toowards

From Middle English towardes, from Old English tōweardes, tōwærdes.


toweare

From Middle English towere, from Old English torr, from Latin turris.


tolth

From Middle English tolde, talde, from Old English tealde.


treshpass

From Middle English trespas, from Old French trespas.


trenshoorès

From Middle English trenschoure, from Anglo-Norman trenchour.

An neeat wooden trenshoorès var whiter than snow.

And neat wooden trenchers far whiter than snow.


trugh

From Middle English thrugh, thro, from Old English þurh, þuruh. Compare W.E. drough.


twish

Twish thee an Tommeen, an ee emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Betwixt you and Tommy and the pismire-hill.


t'year

From Middle English toyere, from Old English tō gēare.


tyshe

From Middle English tesen, from Old English tǣsan, from Proto-West Germanic *taisijan.


Tusedei

From Middle English Tewesday, from Old English tiwesdæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Tīwas dag.


udho

From Middle English out o, equivalent to udh + o.


understhoane

From Middle English understanden, from Old English understandan, from Proto-West Germanic *understandan.


udh

From Middle English oute, from Old English ūt.

Udh o' harr.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

He zide hea'de help mee udh o' hoan

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 104:

A bothom vele udh.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 108:

Hea took up a lounnick, an knockt udh aar bryne.

1867, “SONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 108:

He took up the churn-dash and knock'd out their brain.


vaapereen

/vɔːpəˈɾiːn/

From Middle English vapourynge; Equivalent to vaaper + -een.


vaaper

From Middle English vapour, from Anglo-Norman vapour, from Latin vapor.


vargee

From Middle English forgiven, from Old English forġiefan.


vamilee

From Late Middle English famylye, from Latin familia (“a household”).

Lhaung life to Misteare Reedforth an his vamilee,

Long life to Mister Radford and his family;


vartful

Ayenst zim vartful ropeare at a rumcht ouse avar.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 100:

Against some wanton ranter that has raved (at) us before.


vallert

From Middle English value, compare W.E. vallee. Unetymological -t was added to distinguish it from valler (“more”).


varreen

A wuf is pa varreen.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 78:


varreet

From Middle English foryeten, from Old English forġietan, from Proto-West Germanic *fragetan.


vearne

From Middle English fern, from Old English fearn, from Proto-West Germanic *farn.


veezer

Fhaade th' veezer.


veree

From Middle English very, from Old French verai, from Early Medieval Latin vērāgus.


vezeeen

fizzing, struggling, contending, driving or striking a ball hard


veseal

From Middle English vessel, from Old French vaissel, vessel, from Latin vāscellum.


vethers

From Middle English veþer, from Old English feþer, from Proto-West Germanic *feþru.

Ich zide [a] vethers o' mee cuck,

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 102:


vleal

From Middle English fleyl, from Old English fligel.


vlock

From Middle English flok, from Old English flocc.


villent

From Middle English vilein, from Old French vilein, from Late Latin villanus. Unetymological -t was added to suppress -llen, compare dellen, delleen.


vlee

From Middle English flien, from Old English flēogan, from Proto-West Germanic *fleugan.

Th' commanès t'rapple; th' ball skir an vlee;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

The ball-clubs they rattled; the ball rose and flew;


vleash

From Middle English fleesh, flesh, from Old English flǣsċ, from Proto-West Germanic *flaiski.

Biletha vleash.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 75:

Koornt vleash.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 51:


vorreat

From Middle English forhed, from Old English fōrehēafod, foranhēafod.


vorty

From Middle English fourty, from Old English fēowertiġ.


voote

From Middle English fot, from Old English fōt, from Proto-West Germanic *fōt.


a voorneen

Borrowed from Irish a mhuirnín (“my darling”, literally “O darling (vocative)”).

Drink a heall to a breede. "Shud with, a voorneen."

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 96:

Drink a health to the bride, "Here's to you, my dear."


voure

F. oan, twye, dhree, voure, veeve.


vrosth

From Middle English frost, from Old English frost.


vursth

From Middle English furst, first, frist, from Old English fyrest.

Wich ad wough bethther kwingokee or baagchoosee vursth?

Whether had we better churn or bake first?

A vursth stroke hea strooke


Vreedie

From Middle English Friday, from Old English frīġedæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Frījā dag.

Gooude Vreedie.


w'had

Yerstey w'had a baree, gist ing oor hoane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

Yesterday we had a goal just in our hand.

Yith w'had any lhuck, oor naame wode b' zung,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:

If we had any luck, our name would have been sung


waaite

Wee aar lhaung vlealès an pikkès, to waaite apan a breede.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 94:

With their long flails and picks, to wait upon the bride.


waaight

From Middle English weighte, from Old English wiht, from Proto-West Germanic *wihti.


waafur

From Middle English *wafre, *wefre, from Old English wǣfre (“unsteady”).


waal

From Middle English wal, wulle, well, from Old English wel.

A plaauge apan Portheare! Hea'de luther me waal,

1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

A plague upon Porter, he'd hide me well,


wauste

From Middle English waast, from Anglo-Norman wast.


weate

From Middle English weete, from Old English wǣt.


Wathere

From Middle English Walter, from Old Northern French Waltier.

Outh o'mee hoane ch'ull no part wi' Wathere.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

Out of my hand I'll not part with Walter.

a male given name, equivalent to English Walter


wauscoat

*waust (“waist”) + cooat. Cognate with English waistcoat.


weend

From Middle English wynd, from Old English wind, from Proto-West Germanic *wind.


wefty

Amang wefty jhemes, 'cha jeist ee-rid apan.

Among cobwebby scraps, I have just alighted on.


whauteen

From Middle English whwtynge (“noise”), from Middle English whọ̄ten.


weveare

From Middle English wevere, from Old English *wefere.


weery

From Middle English wery, from Old English wēriġ.

Chas mhyne weery.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 56:


whithel

From Middle English whytel, from Old English hwītel.

Mucha whithel.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


welkome

From Middle English welcome, from Old English wilcuma, from Proto-West Germanic *willikumō, equivalent to wel + coome.


Wennesdei

From Middle English Wednesday, from Old English wōdnesdæġ, from Proto-West Germanic *Wōdanas dag.


weithe

head

weithe (second-person singular simple present weithest)

weithest (present second-person singular)


wiethe

wiethe (second-person singular simple present wiethest, present participle wietheen or wytheen, simple past wiethed)

wiethest (present second-person singular)
wietheen (participle present)
wytheen (participle present)
wiethed (past)

From Middle English waiten (“to look at, behold”), from Anglo-Norman waiter.


woork

From Middle English work, from Old English weorc, from Proto-West Germanic *werk.


winnooween

From Middle English wyndouynge (“swirling, scattering”).

The condel is to winnooween.


woorkt

From Middle English werken, from Old English wyrċan, from Proto-West Germanic *wurkijan.


wooveless

At ye mye ne'er be wooveless ta vill a lear jock an cooan.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 100:

That you may never be unprovided to fill an empty jack and can.


wrasth

From Middle English wreste, from Old English wrist.


wullow

From Middle English walwen, from Old English wealwian, from Proto-West Germanic *walwijan.


wurgheere

Derived from Irish bhoilg (“bellows”) + -ee. Compare also fadere / f'ad.


wyddeer

From Middle English firre (“furze”) + -ee.


wyeene

Noardth wyeene; Zouth wyeene; Westan wyeene.


Wyllhaume

a male given name, equivalent to English William


yalpeen

More trolleen, an yalpeen, an moulteen away.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:

More rolling and spewing, and pining away.


yarthe

How yarthe to-die, mee joee?


y'oure

Y'oure w' thee crookeen, an yie mee thee hoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Give over your crossness, and give me your hand.


yith

From Middle English yif, from Old English ġif.

Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,

If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,


yullou

From Middle English yelow, from Old English ġeolu, from Proto-West Germanic *gelu.


Zailee

a female given name, equivalent to English Sally


zarve

head

zarve (simple past zarth or saareth, past participle ee-sarith)

zarth (past)
saareth (past)
ee-sarith (participle past)

From Middle English sarven, from Old French servir, from Latin serviō.


Zathardei

From Middle English Saterday, from Old English sæternesdæg, from Proto-West Germanic *Sāturnas dag.


zey

Zitch vezzeen, tarvizzeen, 'tell than w'ne'er zey.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

Such driving, and struggling, 'till then we ne'er saw.


Zimoon

From Middle English Simon, from Ancient Greek Σίμων (Símōn).

a male given name, equivalent to English Simon


zhip

From Middle English schip, from Old English scip, from Proto-West Germanic *skip.


zippeen

Ich woode be pitcht ee kurkeen, ar zippeen, to a coolaan.

I would be poked into the mow or the stack up to the back of my head.


Zindei

From Middle English Sonday, from Old English sunnandæg, from Proto-West Germanic *sunnōn dag.


beasthes

Mulke a beasthes.


carolès

From Middle English carole, from Old French carole.


craueet

From Middle English crawen + -ite (“past participle suffix borrowed from Irish”).

The danger of choking for want of a drink in eating.


drowe

drowe (simple past drowe, past participle ee-drowe)

From Middle English throwen, thrawen, from Old English þrāwan, from Proto-West Germanic *þrāan.


murreen-leam

Borrowed from Irish mo bhrón (“my sorrow”) + léim (“jump at”).


met-borde

[Wee] vaate apan vaate a met-borde was ee-halt.

1867, “VERSES IN ANSWER TO THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 98:

[With vat upon vat a meat-borde was held.]


pickkès

Alternative form of pikkès (“forks used in husbandry”)


paugh-meale

harvest home (feast held when the harvest is brought in)


redaughe-moone

Being that changes in spring, so called in Forth.


quiel laaune

From Middle English quele (“quill”) + Middle English lane.


shud with

Borrowed from Irish siúd (“that”), and calque of Irish ort (“on you”).


cowlee man

The keeper of the goal at the game of ball.


cowlee

Th' ball want a cowlee, the gazb maate all rize;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

The ball o'er shot the goal, the dust rose all about;


varty

“score ower varty”

1893, Kathleen Browne, “Letter in Yola dialect by Kathleen Browne, including references to the Redmondite party, etc.,”, in catalogue.nli.ie, retrieved 2022-03-25:


Sank

Sank Joan is oor brover.


barach

A chi of barach.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 30:

Barach-hye.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 46:


aamezil

Aamezil cou no stoane.


zummer

Zummer curthere


arraugh

Arraugh curthere


dicka

Na dicke wye, nar dicka.


thooree

Draugh a thooree.


emotee

Emotee knaugane.


knaugane

Emotee knaugane.


vearnee

From Middle English ferny, equivalent to vearne + -ee.

Vearnee-hile.


beanes

Gnafeen a beanes.


fearnee

Fearnee Hill.


Maree

From Middle English Marie, from Old French Marie, from Latin Maria.

Haail Maree!

a female given name, equivalent to English Mary


ryaught

Ryaught hoane.


jaude

Jaude and maude.


banès

Banès is ee-kearnt.

Beans are beginning to ripen in the pod.


wasth

Thou leeesth if thou wasth Saan Vinteen, and Saan Vinteen agyne.

Thou liest if thou wast St. Finton, and St. Finton again.


Vinteen

From Middle English Fenton, from Old English fenn (“fen, marsh”) + tūn (“enclosure; settlement, town”).

Thou leeesth if thou wasth Saan Vinteen, an Saan Vinteen agyne.


wadher

Lhygt Wadher.


maude

Jaude and maude.


Engelhoan

From Middle English Engelond, from Old English Engla land.


w'ous

Lidge w'ous.


thoornes

From Middle English thorn, thurne, from Old English þorn, from Proto-West Germanic *þorn.

Heigh thoornes.


to-die

From Middle English today, from Old English tōdæġ.

Note will wee dra aaght to-die?

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 59:

How yarthe to-die, mee joee?

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 80:

Aar's a dole o' sneow apa greound to-die.

1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:

There is a deal of snow upon the ground to-day.

Caulès will na get to wullaw to-die.


porachès

/pɔˈɾiːt͡ʃz/

From Middle English potache, from Old French potage.

Piz porachès.


arrm

From Middle English arm, from Old English earm, from Proto-West Germanic *arm.

Reicht arrm.


baanès

Shawl a baanès.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 67:

Soween baanès.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 82:


hoate

Scaul hoate.


naesth

From Middle English neest, from Old English nest, from Proto-West Germanic *nest.

Sparrowe's Naesth.


fhaade

Fhaade th' veezer.


bogher

Venie bogher.


sheardh

Venie sheardh.


danceen

Vale a danceen.


biletha

From bilethe (“boiled”). The unetymological <-a> /-ә/ was inserted to separate consonants.

Biletha vleash.


graace

Vull o' graace.


kwingokee

Wich ad wough bethther kwingokee or baagchoosee vursth?

Whether had we better churn or bake first?


quingokee

To maake a quingokee.


baagchoosee

The spelling gch developed from Irish gc /g/.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 78:


bethther

From Middle English better, from Old English betera, from Proto-West Germanic *batizō.


noardth

Noardth wyeene.


greoun

Zea greoun.


sthroan

Th' mucha zea sthroan.


louthee

Lidge w'ouse an a milagh, tis gaay an louthee:

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 1, page 84:

Lie with us on the clover, 'tis fair and sheltered:


y'art

Huck nigher; y'art scuddeen; fartoo zo hachee?

Come nearer; you're rubbing your back; why so ill tempered?


c'hull

Well, gosp, c'hull be zeid; mot thee fartoo, an fade;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 84:

Well, gossip, it shall be told; you ask what ails me, and for what;


gosp

Come w' ouse, gosp Learry, theezil an Melchere;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

Come with us, gossip Larry, yourself and Miles;


w'speen

Th' valler w'speen here, th' lass ee chourch-hey.

The more we spend here, the less in the churchyard.


t'glade

Ha deight ouse var gabble, tell ee zin go t'glade.

You have put us in talk, 'till the sun goes to set.

till ee zin o'oure daies be var aye be ee-go t'glade.

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 116, lines 14-15:

until the sun of our lives be gone down the dark valley (of death).


wou'll

Ch'am a stouk, an a donel; wou'll leigh out ee dey.

I am a fool and a dunce; we'll idle out the day.


Tommeen

Yith Muzleare had ba hole, t'was mee Tommeen,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 84:

If Good-for-little had been buried, it had been my Tommy,

Many a bra draught by Tommeen was ee-maate;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 6, page 86:

Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 9, page 88:


t'drive

At by mizluck was ee-pit t'drive in.


mizluck

At by mizluck was ee-pit t'drive in.

Mizluck mye lhygt on Tam Busheare;

1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 104:


blakeen

Zitch blakeen, an blayeen, fan ee ball was ee-drowe!

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 84:

Such bawling and shouting, when the ball was thrown!


vaperreen

Zitch vaperreen, an shimmereen, fan ee-daff ee aar scoth!

Such vapouring and glittering when stript in their shirts!


n'eer

Chote well aar aim was t'yie ouz n'eer a blowe.

I saw (well) their intent was to give us ne'er a stroke.


ouz

Fad didn'st thou cum t' ouz on zum other dey?

1867, “DR. RUSSELL ON THE INHABITANTS AND DIALECT OF THE BARONY OF FORTH”, in APPENDIX, page 131:

[Why didn't you come to us on some other day?]


vezzeen

Zitch vezzeen, tarvizzeen, 'tell than w'ne'er zey.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 5, page 86:

Such driving, and struggling, 'till then we ne'er saw.


fausteen

Th' cowlee-man, fausteen, zey well 'twas ee-naate.

The goal-keeper, trembling, said well 'twas intended them.


ameing

From Middle English eymynge, equivalent to aim + -een.

At aar errone was var ameing 'ar 'ngish ee-height.

That their errand was aiming to bring anguish upon them.


'ngish

From Middle English angwissh, from Anglo-Norman anguisse, from Latin angustia. Initial /a/ was dropped after 'ar /ɔː/.


ee-naate

From Middle English neden, from Old English nīedan.


lhuck

Yith w'had any lhuck, oor naame wode b' zung,

If we had any luck, our name would have been sung


eein

Our eein wode b' mistern t' dearnt up ee skee.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 7, page 86:

Our eyes would be dazzled to look up to the sky.


t'rapple

Th' commanès t'rapple; th' ball skir an vlee;

The ball-clubs they rattled; the ball rose and flew;


harnothès

Zim dellen harnothès w'aar nize ee reed cley;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 8, page 86:

Some digging earth-nuts with their noses in red clay;


w'

An aar w' had Treblere an sturdy Cournug.

And there we had Treblere and sturdy Cournug.

Shoo ya aam zim to doone, as w' be doone nowe;

She gave them some to do, as we are doing now;


w'

Oore hart cam' t' oore mouth, an zo w' all ee green;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10, page 88:

Our hearts came to our mouth, and so with all in the green;

W' vengem too hard, he zunk ee commane,

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

With venom too hard, he sunk his bat-club,

Y'oure w' thee crookeen, an yie mee thee hoane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 13, page 90:

Give over your crossness, and give me your hand.

Come w' ouse, gosp Learry, theezil an Melchere;

Come with us, gossip Larry, yourself and Miles;


soween

Soween baanès.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:


naume

F. naume, taale, gaume.


eelone

F. brone, eelone, hone, lone, sthone, sthrone.

E. brand, island, hand, land, stand, strand.


eeloan

F. broan, eeloan, hoan, loan, sthoan, sthroan.


eeen

Eeen, Ein.


heegh

F. griende, heegh, neeghe, neen, peepeare.


rishp

Fan Cournug yate a rishp, an Treblere pit w'eeme.

When Cournug gave a stroke, and Treblere put with him.


greound

F. greound, keow, meouth, pleough, sneow, steout.

1867, OBSERVATIONS BY THE EDITOR, page 15:

E. ground, cow, mouth, plough, snow, stout.

Aar's a dole o' sneow apa greound to-die.

1867, “BIT OF DIALOGUE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 111:

There is a deal of snow upon the ground to-day.


amyne

F. agyne, amyne, brine, gryne, gry, pyle, ryne.

E. again, amain, brain, grain, gray, pail, rain.


cry't

From Middle English crien, from Old French crier, from Vulgar Latin *crītāre.

Na, now or neveare! w' cry't t' Tommeen,


h'

T' brek up ee bathès h' had na poustee;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 10:

To break up the goal they had not power;


licke

Licke a mope an a mile, he gazt ing a mize;

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 12, page 88:

Like a fool in a mill, he looked in amazement;


knaghane

An broughet ee stell, ing a emothee knaghane.

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 11, page 88:

Oore joys all ee-smort ing a emothee knaghane.

Our joys are all smothered in a pismire-hill.

Twish thee an Tommeen, an ee emothee knaghane.

Betwixt you and Tommy and the pismire-hill.


th'ast

Ha-ho! be mee coshes, th'ast ee-pait it, co Joane;

Hey-ho! by my conscience, you have paid it, quoth John;

Ye pace——yea, we mai zei, ye vaste pace whilke bee ee-stent owr ye londe zince th'ast ee-cam,

1867, CONGRATULATORY ADDRESS IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 114, lines 21-23:

The peace——yes, we may say the profound peace—which overspreads the land since your arrival,


Learry

1867, “A YOLA ZONG”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 14, page 90:

a male given name, equivalent to English Larry


t'zey

He at nouth fade t'zey, llean vetch ee man,

He that knows what to say, mischief fetch the man,


ch'ull

Outh o'mee hoane ch'ull no part wi' Wathere.

Out of my hand I'll not part with Walter.


outh

Outh o' harr.

1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 60:


Jaane

Coordinate term: Jone (“John”)

Jaane got leigheen; shoo pleast aam all, fowe?

Joan set them a laughing, she pleased them all, how?

a female given name, equivalent to English Joan


plowe

Zo bless all oore frends, an God zpeed ee plowe.

So bless all our friends, and God speed the plough.


zpeed

From Middle English speden, from Old English spēdan, from Proto-West Germanic *spōdijan.


zunk

From Middle English synken, from Old English sincan, from Proto-West Germanic *sinkwan. Cognate with dialectal English sunk (“past of sink”).

cog

past of <i class="Latn mention" lang="en">sink</i>

W' vengem too hard, he zunk ee commane,

Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867

With venom too hard, he sunk his bat-club,

Yet spite o hays praachin a mugges thaaye zunk.

Kathleen A. Browne (1927) The Journal of the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland Sixth Series, Vol.17 No.2, Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland

Yet spite of his preaching they emptied the jugs.


pizzeen

Aar was pizzeen, an beanès, an barich amang.

1867, “THE WEDDEEN O BALLYMORE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 93:

There were pease and beans, and barley-mung.